282 lines
29 KiB
XML
282 lines
29 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="4AF744EE99D6D1D6D603A9BEA7338200">A revision of Holothuria (Halodeima) kefersteinii (Selenka, 1867) and the revival of Holothuria inornata Semper, 1868 from sea cucumbers collected in Mexico and Central America</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="18C506E969BA68AF0D69A561B7518C67">Solís-Marín, Francisco A.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="AE18FA23111AFFEAFF7FFBC643CAF970" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5987421" ID-GBIF-Taxon="150736897" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5987421" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AE18FA23111AFFEAFF7FFBC643CAF970" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/AE18FA23111AFFEAFF7FFBC643CAF970" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="167" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">
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<subSubSection id="6EAB18BE111AFFF5FF7FFBC6455DFBB0" box="[151,786,1038,1064]" pageId="15" pageNumber="166" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="260E4B35111AFFF5FF7FFBC6455DFBB0" blockId="15.[151,786,1038,1064]" box="[151,786,1038,1064]" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">
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<heading id="7D46FC59111AFFF5FF7FFBC6455DFBB0" bold="true" box="[151,786,1038,1064]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="166" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="E1B130B6111AFFF5FF7FFBC6455DFBB0" authority="(Selenka, 1867)" baseAuthorityName="Selenka" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[151,786,1038,1064]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Holothuriidae" genus="Holothuria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="15" pageNumber="166" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="kefersteinii" subGenus="Halodeima">
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<emphasis id="14C59727111AFFF5FF7FFBC6455DFBB0" bold="true" box="[151,786,1038,1064]" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">
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<emphasis id="14C59727111AFFF5FF7FFBC64751FBB0" bold="true" box="[151,286,1038,1064]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Holothuria</emphasis>
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||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="14C59727111AFFF5FEC7FBC647FBFBB0" bold="true" box="[303,436,1038,1064]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Halodeima</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="14C59727111AFFF5FE2DFBC64403FBB0" bold="true" box="[453,588,1038,1064]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">kefersteinii</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="422036C4111AFFF5FDB4FBC64544FBB0" author="Selenka" box="[604,779,1038,1064]" pageId="15" pageNumber="166" refString="Selenka, E. (1867) Beitrage zur Anatomie und Systematik der Holothurien. Zeitschrift fur Wissenschaftliche Zoologie, 17, 291 - 374." type="journal article" year="1867">Selenka, 1867</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="6EAB18BE111AFFF5FF7FFB9D443EFB30" pageId="15" pageNumber="166" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="260E4B35111AFFF5FF7FFB9D4715FB12" blockId="15.[151,1436,1109,1285]" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="06A16C1B111AFFF5FF7FFB9D4715FB12" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">
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<taxonomicName id="E1B130B6111AFFF5FF7FFB9D4470FBF3" authority="Selenka, 1867: 318" authorityName=", Selenka" authorityPageNumber="318" authorityYear="1867" box="[151,575,1109,1131]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Stichopodidae" genus="Stichopus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="15" pageNumber="166" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="kefersteinii">
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<emphasis id="14C59727111AFFF5FF7FFB9D473FFBF3" box="[151,368,1109,1131]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Stichopus kefersteinii</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="A7106D24111AFFF5FE9FFB9D4470FBF3" author="Selenka" box="[375,575,1109,1131]" page="318" pageId="15" pageNumber="166" year="1867">
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<bibRefCitation id="422036C4111AFFF5FE9FFB9D4444FBF3" author="Selenka" box="[375,523,1109,1131]" pageId="15" pageNumber="166" refString="Selenka, E. (1867) Beitrage zur Anatomie und Systematik der Holothurien. Zeitschrift fur Wissenschaftliche Zoologie, 17, 291 - 374." type="journal article" year="1867">Selenka, 1867</bibRefCitation>
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: 318
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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; Verrill 1867: 329;
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<treatmentCitation id="A7106D24111AFFF5FCE0FB9D45F6FBF3" author="Semper" box="[776,953,1109,1131]" page="74" pageId="15" pageNumber="166" year="1868">
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<bibRefCitation id="422036C4111AFFF5FCE0FB9D45DDFBF3" author="Semper" box="[776,914,1109,1131]" pageId="15" pageNumber="166" refString="Semper, C. (1868) Reisen im Archipel der Philippinen. Wissenschaftliche Resultate. Erster Band, Holothurien. Willhelm Engelmann, Leipzig, 288 pp." type="book" year="1868">Semper 1868</bibRefCitation>
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: 74
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="A7106D24111AFFF5FC2DFB9E42C4FBF3" author="Lampert" box="[965,1163,1109,1131]" page="103" pageId="15" pageNumber="166" year="1885">
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<bibRefCitation id="422036C4111AFFF5FC2DFB9E4217FBF3" author="Lampert" box="[965,1112,1109,1131]" pageId="15" pageNumber="166" refString="Lampert, K. (1885) Die Seewalzen-Holothurioidea: Eine systematische Monographie mit Bestimmungs- und Verbreitungs- Tabellen. In: Semper, C. (Ed.), Reisen mi Archipel der Philippinen. Zweiter teil. Wissenschaftliche Resultate, Willhelm Engelmann, Wiesbaden, 311 pp." type="book" year="1885">Lampert 1885</bibRefCitation>
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: 103
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</treatmentCitation>
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; Théel 1886: 195;
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<bibRefCitation id="422036C4111AFFF5FAA5FB9D46B4FB12" author="Ludwig" pageId="15" pageNumber="166" refString="Ludwig, H. (1889 - 1892) Dr. H. G. Bronn's Klassen und Ordnungen des Their-Reichs, wissenschaflitch dargestellt in Wort und Bild. Zweiter Band. Dritte Abtheilung. Echinodermen (Stachelhauter). I. Buch. Die Seewalzen, C. F. Winter Publishing House, Leipzig, 460 pp." type="book" year="1889">
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Ludwig
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<date id="520F6DF5111AFFF5FF2FFBBC46B4FB12" box="[199,251,1140,1162]" pageId="15" pageNumber="166" value="1889" valueMax="1892">1889</date>
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</bibRefCitation>
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–92: 331.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="260E4B35111AFFF5FF7FFB5A443EFB30" blockId="15.[151,1436,1109,1285]" box="[151,625,1170,1192]" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="06A16C1B111AFFF5FF7FFB5A443EFB30" box="[151,625,1170,1192]" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">
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<taxonomicName id="E1B130B6111AFFF5FF7FFB5A4731FB30" baseAuthorityName="Selenka" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[151,382,1170,1192]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Holothuriidae" genus="Holothuria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="15" pageNumber="166" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="kefersteinii">
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||
<emphasis id="14C59727111AFFF5FF7FFB5A4731FB30" box="[151,382,1170,1192]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Holothuria kefersteinii</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
.—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="A7106D24111AFFF5FE77FB5B4422FB30" author="Clark" box="[415,621,1170,1192]" page="46" pageId="15" pageNumber="166" year="1922">
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<bibRefCitation id="422036C4111AFFF5FE77FB5B4408FB30" author="Clark" box="[415,583,1170,1192]" pageId="15" pageNumber="166" refString="Clark, H. L. (1922) The Holothurians of the Genus Stichopus. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 65, 39 - 73." type="journal article" year="1922">H.L. Clark 1922</bibRefCitation>
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: 46
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="6EAB18BE111AFFF5FF7FFB794497FB5F" box="[151,728,1201,1223]" pageId="15" pageNumber="166" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="260E4B35111AFFF5FF7FFB794497FB5F" blockId="15.[151,1436,1109,1285]" box="[151,728,1201,1223]" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="06A16C1B111AFFF5FF7FFB794497FB5F" box="[151,728,1201,1223]" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">
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||
<taxonomicName id="E1B130B6111AFFF5FF7FFB7947D1FB5F" box="[151,414,1201,1223]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Holothuriidae" genus="Ludwigothuria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="15" pageNumber="166" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="kefersteini">
|
||
<emphasis id="14C59727111AFFF5FF7FFB7947D1FB5F" box="[151,414,1201,1223]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Ludwigothuria kefersteini</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
.—
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||
<treatmentCitation id="A7106D24111AFFF5FE52FB7944D0FB5F" author="Deichmann" box="[442,671,1201,1223]" page="312" pageId="15" pageNumber="166" year="1958">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="422036C4111AFFF5FE52FB794421FB5F" author="Deichmann" box="[442,622,1201,1223]" pageId="15" pageNumber="166" refString="Deichmann, E. (1958) The Holothuroidea collected by the Velero III and IV during the years 1932 to 1954. Part. II Aspidochirota. The University of Southern California Publications, Allan Hancock Pacific Expeditions, 11, 253 - 348." type="journal article" year="1958">Deichmann 1958</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 312
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
–314.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="6EAB18BE111AFFF5FF7FFB184210FA9C" pageId="15" pageNumber="166" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="260E4B35111AFFF5FF7FFB1844AFFB7E" blockId="15.[151,1436,1109,1285]" box="[151,736,1232,1254]" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">
|
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="06A16C1B111AFFF5FF7FFB1844AFFB7E" box="[151,736,1232,1254]" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">
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<taxonomicName id="E1B130B6111AFFF5FF7FFB1844E9FB7E" authority="Caso, 1963: 367" authorityName="Caso" authorityPageNumber="367" authorityYear="1963" box="[151,678,1232,1254]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Holothuriidae" genus="Holothuria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="15" pageNumber="166" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="riojai" subGenus="Paraholothuria">
|
||
<emphasis id="14C59727111AFFF5FF7FFB184747FB7E" box="[151,264,1232,1254]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Holothuria</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="14C59727111AFFF5FEFEFB1847FCFB7E" box="[278,435,1232,1254]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Paraholothuria</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="14C59727111AFFF5FE2AFB1947B5FB7E" box="[450,506,1233,1254]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">riojai</emphasis>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="A7106D24111AFFF5FDE9FB1844E9FB7E" author="Caso" box="[513,678,1232,1254]" page="367" pageId="15" pageNumber="166" year="1963">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="422036C4111AFFF5FDE9FB184439FB7E" author="Caso" box="[513,630,1232,1254]" pageId="15" pageNumber="166" refString="Caso, M. E. (1963) Contribucion al conocimiento de los Holoturoideos de Mexico. Descripcion de una n. sp. de Holothuria de un nuevo subgenero (Paraholothuria n. sg.) del genero Holothuria. Holothuria (Paraholothuria) y de una nueva especie Holothuria (Paraholothuria) riojai. Anales Instituto de Biologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, 33, 367 - 380." type="journal article" year="1963">Caso, 1963</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 367
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
–380.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="260E4B35111AFFF5FF7FFB264210FA9C" blockId="15.[151,1436,1109,1285]" box="[151,1119,1262,1285]" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="06A16C1B111AFFF5FF7FFB264210FA9C" box="[151,1119,1262,1285]" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E1B130B6111AFFF5FF7FFB2647B1FA9C" baseAuthorityName="Selenka" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[151,510,1262,1284]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Holothuriidae" genus="Holothuria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="15" pageNumber="166" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="kefersteini" subGenus="Halodeima">
|
||
<emphasis id="14C59727111AFFF5FF7FFB264747FA9C" box="[151,264,1262,1284]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Holothuria</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="14C59727111AFFF5FEFEFB2647C9FA9C" box="[278,390,1262,1284]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Halodeima</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="14C59727111AFFF5FE7DFB2647B1FA9C" box="[405,510,1262,1284]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">kefersteini</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="A7106D24111AFFF5FDF5FB274486FA9C" author="Rowe" box="[541,713,1262,1284]" page="138" pageId="15" pageNumber="166" year="1969">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="422036C4111AFFF5FDF5FB2744D9FA9C" author="Rowe" box="[541,662,1262,1284]" pageId="15" pageNumber="166" refString="Rowe, F. W. E. (1969) A review of the family Holothuriidae (Holothuroidea: Aspidochirotida). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Zoology, 18, 119 - 170." type="journal article" year="1969">Rowe 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 138
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="A7106D24111AFFF5FD3BFB2645BBFA9C" author="Solis-Marin" box="[723,1012,1262,1285]" page="106" pageId="15" pageNumber="166" year="2009">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="422036C4111AFFF5FD3BFB26458EFA9C" author="Solis-Marin" box="[723,961,1262,1285]" pageId="15" pageNumber="166" refString="Solis-Marin, F. A., Arriaga-Ochoa, J. A., Laguarda-Figueras, A., Frontana-Uribe, C. S. & Duran-Gonzalez, A. (2009) Holoturoideos del Golfo de California. CONABIO-UNAM, Distrito Federal, Mexico, 165 pp." type="book" year="2009">
|
||
Solís-Marín
|
||
<emphasis id="14C59727111AFFF5FCBAFB3845C9FA9C" box="[850,902,1262,1285]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2009
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 106
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
; 2013: 23.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="6EAB18BE111AFFF5FF7FFAF944BFFA42" pageId="15" pageNumber="166" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="260E4B35111AFFF5FF7FFAF944ECFAF6" blockId="15.[151,1437,1329,2038]" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">
|
||
<emphasis id="14C59727111AFFF5FF7FFAF947CEFAD2" bold="true" box="[151,385,1329,1354]" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
||
A total of
|
||
<specimenCount id="30B780BC111AFFF5FE17FAFA44EAFAD2" box="[511,677,1329,1354]" pageId="15" pageNumber="166" type="generic">110 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
were examined. Catalog numbers, number of specimens, localities and dates of collection are recorded in
|
||
<tableCitation id="6B337E8E111AFFF5FDA1FA9D44D0FAF6" box="[585,671,1365,1390]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,239,368,391]" captionText="TABLE 2. Specimens from the ICML-UNAM collection analyzed for the present study identified as Holothuria kefersteinii." pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="260E4B35111AFFF5FF2FFAB1475FFA2E" blockId="15.[151,1437,1329,2038]" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="96D94168111AFFF5FF2FFAB145C4FA0A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1806316800" box="[199,907,1401,1426]" location="Types. Gottingen Museum of Natural History" pageId="15" pageNumber="166" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="syntype">
|
||
<location id="236E1DEE111AFFF5FF2FFAB14487FA0A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AE18FA23111AFFEAFF7FFBC643CAF970:236E1DEE111AFFF5FF2FFAB14487FA0A" box="[199,712,1401,1426]" name="Types. Gottingen Museum of Natural History" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">
|
||
<emphasis id="14C59727111AFFF5FF2FFAB1475CFA0A" bold="true" box="[199,275,1401,1426]" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">
|
||
<typeStatus id="F90AF597111AFFF5FF2FFAB14740FA0A" box="[199,271,1401,1426]" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Types</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Göttingen Museum of Natural History
|
||
</location>
|
||
<typeStatus id="F90AF597111AFFF5FD26FAB2456AFA0A" box="[718,805,1402,1426]" pageId="15" pageNumber="166" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
no. 4.19
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="96D94168111AFFF5FC7EFAB2475FFA2E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1806316803" location="Museum of Comparative Zoology" pageId="15" pageNumber="166" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="syntype">
|
||
<location id="236E1DEE111AFFF5FC7EFAB2435BFA0A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AE18FA23111AFFEAFF7FFBC643CAF970:236E1DEE111AFFF5FC7EFAB2435BFA0A" box="[918,1300,1401,1426]" name="Museum of Comparative Zoology" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Museum of Comparative Zoology</location>
|
||
<typeStatus id="F90AF597111AFFF5FAF3FAB2433DFA0A" box="[1307,1394,1402,1426]" pageId="15" pageNumber="166" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
no. HOL–769.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="260E4B35111AFFF5FF2FFA0944BFFA42" blockId="15.[151,1437,1329,2038]" box="[199,752,1473,1498]" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="96D94168111AFFF5FF2FFA0944BFFA42" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1806316799" box="[199,752,1473,1498]" country="Mexico" location="Mazatlan" pageId="15" pageNumber="166" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="14C59727111AFFF5FF2FFA09472AFA42" bold="true" box="[199,357,1473,1498]" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">
|
||
<typeStatus id="F90AF597111AFFF5FF2FFA09474DFA42" box="[199,258,1473,1498]" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<location id="236E1DEE111AFFF5FE84FA094798FA42" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AE18FA23111AFFEAFF7FFBC643CAF970:236E1DEE111AFFF5FE84FA094798FA42" box="[364,471,1473,1498]" country="Mexico" name="Mazatlan" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Mazatlan</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5EA60BA5111AFFF5FE0AFA094478FA42" box="[482,567,1473,1498]" name="Mexico" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="422036C4111AFFF5FDAEFA0944ABFA42" author="Selenka" box="[582,740,1473,1498]" pageId="15" pageNumber="166" refString="Selenka, E. (1867) Beitrage zur Anatomie und Systematik der Holothurien. Zeitschrift fur Wissenschaftliche Zoologie, 17, 291 - 374." type="journal article" year="1867">Selenka 1867</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="6EAB18BE111AFFF5FF2FFA2D479AF915" pageId="15" pageNumber="166" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="260E4B35111AFFF5FF2FFA2D479AF915" blockId="15.[151,1437,1329,2038]" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">
|
||
<emphasis id="14C59727111AFFF5FF2FFA2D470EFA66" bold="true" box="[199,321,1509,1534]" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
Color of skin light brilliant red, dorsal and ventral podia light green with black suckers; tentacles black or dark brown. Dorsally, two longitudinal rows of black spots almost always present. Dorsal podia with tables with an incomplete disc, with three or four perforations and spiny rim; spire with four pillars, one cross beam and a Maltese cross crown; curved, smooth, perforated or non-perforated supporting rods also present. Stone canals in two tufts, rarely only one.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="6EAB18BE111AFFEAFF2FF951453DF9AC" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="167" pageId="15" pageNumber="166" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="260E4B35111AFFF5FF2FF951440BF8FE" blockId="15.[151,1437,1329,2038]" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">
|
||
<emphasis id="14C59727111AFFF5FF2FF9514716F92A" bold="true" box="[199,345,1689,1714]" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Color in alcohol uniformly light olive green or light gray on the
|
||
<emphasis id="14C59727111AFFF5FBA3F95142D8F92A" box="[1099,1175,1689,1714]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">bivium</emphasis>
|
||
and the
|
||
<emphasis id="14C59727111AFFF5FB14F9524302F929" box="[1276,1357,1690,1713]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">trivium</emphasis>
|
||
, podia darker than the skin but suckers of the ventral side at times lighter in color. Dorsally, four well defined longitudinal double-rows of papillae on warts, sometimes bearing alternately black and lighter spots. Older specimens with brown or light brown skin and darker podia. Tentacles dark deep grey or black, or almost black. Body wall covered by scattered, cylindrical tube feet, more numerous ventrally. Mouth terminal, surrounded by 20 tentacles; anus terminal. Body wall up to
|
||
<quantity id="E149E6D0111AFFF5FE55F88547B1F8FD" box="[445,510,1869,1894]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="166" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
|
||
thick.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="260E4B35111AFFEAFF2FF8B943D3FF4D" blockId="15.[151,1437,1329,2038]" lastBlockId="16.[151,1436,151,213]" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="167" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Dorsal body wall with tables with an incomplete disc, with three or four perforations and spiny rim; spire with four pillars, one cross beam and a crown appearing as a Maltese cross when viewed from above. Dorsal podia with tables similar to those of the body wall as well as curved, smooth, perforated or non-perforated supporting rods, two to three times the width of tables. Endplates present on tube feet. Ventral body wall with tables with reduced base, without a ring of perforations, or with 2–4 or more holes; spire with four pillars, one cross beam and a Maltese cross crown. Ventral tube feet with similar tables plus perforated pseudo-plates with two big central holes.</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="72CE1BBD1105FFEAFF7FFAE143C9FAA7" box="[151,1414,1321,1343]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1163849/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="167" targetBox="[177,1420,290,1278]" targetPageId="16">
|
||
<paragraph id="260E4B351105FFEAFF7FFAE143C9FAA7" blockId="16.[151,1414,1321,1343]" box="[151,1414,1321,1343]" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">
|
||
<emphasis id="14C597271105FFEAFF7FFAE1475DFAA7" bold="true" box="[151,274,1321,1343]" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
Copy of original drawing of specimen and ossicles from original description of Selenka’s
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E1B130B61105FFEAFB4FFAE143CFFAA7" authorityName=", Selenka" authorityYear="1867" box="[1191,1408,1321,1343]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Stichopodidae" genus="Stichopus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="16" pageNumber="167" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="kefersteinii">
|
||
<emphasis id="14C597271105FFEAFB4FFAE143CFFAA7" box="[1191,1408,1321,1343]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Stichopus kefersteinii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="260E4B351105FFEAFF2FFAAF453DF9AC" blockId="16.[151,1437,1383,1768]" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Longitudinal muscles divided, completely attached. Calcareous ring with radial plates, 1.5 to 3 times the length of interradial plates. One or more (up to seven) well developed Polian vesicles, from 1/12 to 1/3 body length. Three to 21, rarely one, short (less than 1/12 the body length) stone canals in two tufts, one on each side of dorsal mesentery, rarely only on right side. Cuvierian tubules present, apparently non-expellable, short (less than 1/12 the body length) and few in number (approximately 2–10 attachment sites), easily detachable. Gonad unbranched in one tuft. Right respiratory tree extending the total length of body.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="6EAB18BE1105FFEAFF2FF9F7443FF95C" pageId="16" pageNumber="167" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="260E4B351105FFEAFF2FF9F745F7F9E4" blockId="16.[151,1437,1383,1768]" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">
|
||
<emphasis id="14C597271105FFEAFF2FF9F74774F9C0" bold="true" box="[199,315,1599,1624]" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
Species easily identifiable by its live coloration. Rods of dorsal podia curved with none, one or two small, terminal perforations, length 1.5 times the width of dorsal tables.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="260E4B351105FFEAFF2FF94F443FF95C" blockId="16.[151,1437,1383,1768]" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">
|
||
<emphasis id="14C597271105FFEAFF2FF94F4415F938" bold="true" box="[199,602,1671,1696]" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Known geographical distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
In the states of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="E47585D71105FFEAFCE3F94F45A9F907" box="[779,998,1671,1696]" country="Mexico" name="Baja California Sur" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">
|
||
Baja
|
||
<collectingRegion id="E47585D71105FFEAFCADF94F45A9F907" box="[837,998,1671,1696]" inferredBySuffix="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="E47585D71105FFEAFCADF94F45F8F938" box="[837,951,1671,1696]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">California</collectingRegion>
|
||
Sur
|
||
</collectingRegion>
|
||
</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="E47585D71105FFEAFC19F94F4207F938" box="[1009,1096,1671,1696]" country="Mexico" name="Sinaloa" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Sinaloa</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="E47585D71105FFEAFBBAF94F42EEF938" box="[1106,1185,1671,1696]" country="Mexico" name="Jalisco" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Jalisco</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="E47585D71105FFEAFB45F94F4363F938" box="[1197,1324,1671,1696]" country="Mexico" name="Michoacan de Ocampo" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Michoacán</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="E47585D71105FFEAFADFF94F43D3F907" box="[1335,1436,1671,1695]" country="Mexico" name="Guerrero" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Guerrero</collectingRegion>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="E47585D71105FFEAFF2EF9634755F95B" box="[198,282,1707,1731]" country="Mexico" name="Oaxaca" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Oaxaca</collectingRegion>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="E47585D71105FFEAFED6F96347D9F95C" box="[318,406,1707,1732]" country="Mexico" name="Mexico" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5EA60BA51105FFEAFED6F96347D9F95C" box="[318,406,1707,1732]" name="Mexico" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
</collectingRegion>
|
||
, and in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5EA60BA51105FFEAFE06F9634423F95C" box="[494,620,1707,1732]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="6EAB18BE1105FFEAFF2FF90743CAF970" box="[199,1413,1743,1768]" pageId="16" pageNumber="167" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="260E4B351105FFEAFF2FF90743CAF970" blockId="16.[151,1437,1383,1768]" box="[199,1413,1743,1768]" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">
|
||
<emphasis id="14C597271105FFEAFF2FF9074764F970" bold="true" box="[199,299,1743,1768]" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Ecology.</emphasis>
|
||
Always found under rocks, rarely covered with sand. No symbiotic organism present in the cloaca.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |