treatments-xml/data/A7/0E/00/A70E003DFFE1AA76FF45F945FB1BFE6C.xml

<document id="4B96B03669B2EDB7703EFFE1B188373E" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.253.3.8" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13675833" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1725406748274" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Denchev, Teodor T. &amp; Denchev, Cvetomir M." docDate="2016" docId="A70E003DFFE1AA76FF45F945FB1BFE6C" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.253.3.8.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 253 (3)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.253.3.8" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.13:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="13" docTitle="Anthracocystis rhytachnes-rottboellioidis T. Denchev &amp; Denchev 2016, comb. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="229" masterDocId="5B377845FFE1AA74FFCDFFF5FFBFFA33" masterDocTitle="Anthracocystis rhytachnes-rottboellioidis and A. urelytri, two new combinations of smut fungi (Ustilaginales) from Africa" masterLastPageNumber="231" masterPageNumber="227" pageNumber="227" updateTime="1725427460478" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="54A50B1F76D47C686C937EFFFDA9B20A">Anthracocystis rhytachnes-rottboellioidis and A. urelytri, two new combinations of smut fungi (Ustilaginales) from Africa</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="37C2E0BCD1F942DEC01D87494B1B2DE6">Denchev, Teodor T.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="60BB4D8D6EA1E1042EA4B0620317419F">Denchev, Cvetomir M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="D3CC82D409A6A8190D8DA342F79CE268">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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<subSubSection id="67BDE2A0FFE1AA74FF45F945FDA3FCDC" pageId="0" pageNumber="227" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="2F18B12BFFE1AA74FF45F945FB6CFCF8" blockId="0.[136,1235,1712,1739]" box="[136,1235,1712,1739]" pageId="0" pageNumber="227">
<heading id="74500647FFE1AA74FF45F945FB6CFCF8" box="[136,1235,1712,1739]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="0" pageNumber="227" reason="3">
<taxonomicName id="E8A7CAA8FFE1AA74FF45F945FC69FCF8" ID-CoL="67GRY" authority="(Vanky) T. Denchev &amp; Denchev" authorityName="T. Denchev &amp; Denchev" authorityYear="2016" baseAuthorityName="T. Denchev &amp; Denchev" baseAuthorityYear="2016" box="[136,982,1712,1739]" class="Ustilaginomycetes" family="Ustilaginaceae" genus="Anthracocystis" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ustilaginales" pageId="0" pageNumber="227" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="rhytachnes-rottboellioidis" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="1DD36D39FFE1AA74FF45F945FDDDFCF8" bold="true" box="[136,610,1712,1739]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="227">Anthracocystis rhytachnes-rottboellioidis</emphasis>
(Vánky) T. Denchev &amp; Denchev
</taxonomicName>
, 
<emphasis id="1DD36D39FFE1AA74FC2CF947FBE6FCF8" box="[993,1113,1714,1739]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="227">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="06E0D042FFE1AA74FC2CF947FBE6FCF8" box="[993,1113,1714,1739]" pageId="0" pageNumber="227" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="B79CADAEFFE1AA74FBAAF947FB15FCF8" box="[1127,1194,1714,1739]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="1.[136,243,1863,1884]" captionTargetBox="[190,1397,190,1838]" captionTargetId="figure-14@1.[190,1398,190,1838]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. Anthracocystis rhytachnes-rottboellioidis on Rhytachne rottboellioides from Uganda (holotype, H.U.V. 19 994). 1, 2. Habit. Arrowheads in Fig. 1 indicate immature sori with remnants of stigmas. Arrows in Fig. 2 show single, flagelliform columellae. 3, 4. Spore balls and spores in LM. Arrow in Fig. 4 indicates inner spores. 5, 6. Spore balls in SEM. Scale bars: 1, 2 = 0.5 cm, 3–5 = 10 μm, 6 = 2 μm. FIGURE 7. Anthracocystis rhytachnes-rottboellioidis on Rhytachne rottboellioides from Liberia—spore balls in SEM (B 10 0506789). Scale bar = 10 μm. FIGURE 8. Geographic distribution of Anthracocystis rhytachnes-rottboellioidis (red circles) (generated with SimpleMappr, Shorthouse 2010). Scale bar = 500 km." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13675837" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13675837/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="227">Figs 1</figureCitation>
–7)
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2F18B12BFFE1AA74FF45F923FDA3FCDC" blockId="0.[136,540,1750,1775]" box="[136,540,1750,1775]" pageId="0" pageNumber="227">Index Fungorum number: IF551929</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="67BDE2A0FFE1AA74FF45F8D5FC7DFD06" box="[136,962,1824,1845]" pageId="0" pageNumber="227" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="2F18B12BFFE1AA74FF45F8D5FC7DFD06" blockId="0.[136,1451,1824,1917]" box="[136,962,1824,1845]" pageId="0" pageNumber="227">
<emphasis id="1DD36D39FFE1AA74FF45F8D5FF4AFD06" bold="true" box="[136,245,1824,1845]" pageId="0" pageNumber="227">Basionym:</emphasis>
— 
<taxonomicName id="E8A7CAA8FFE1AA74FEC0F8D5FC82FD06" ID-CoL="4ZC7V" authority="Vanky, Mycotaxon" authorityName="Vanky, Mycotaxon" box="[269,829,1824,1845]" class="Ustilaginomycetes" family="Ustilaginaceae" genus="Sporisorium" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ustilaginales" pageId="0" pageNumber="227" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="rhytachnes-rottboellioidis">
<emphasis id="1DD36D39FFE1AA74FEC0F8D5FD3DFD06" box="[269,642,1824,1845]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="227">Sporisorium rhytachnes-rottboellioidis</emphasis>
Vánky, 
<emphasis id="1DD36D39FFE1AA74FD1FF8D5FC82FD06" box="[722,829,1824,1845]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="227">Mycotaxon</emphasis>
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85: 54, 2003.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2F18B12BFFE1AA74FF45F8B1FB8EFD4E" blockId="0.[136,1451,1824,1917]" pageId="0" pageNumber="227">
<emphasis id="1DD36D39FFE1AA74FF45F8B1FF7DFD6A" bold="true" box="[136,194,1860,1881]" pageId="0" pageNumber="227">Type:</emphasis>
— 
<materialsCitation id="9FCFBB76FFE1AA74FF16F8B1FB92FD4E" collectingDate="2002-11-17" collectionCode="E, C, T, K, H, U, V, MHU, IMI" country="Uganda" elevation="1140" location="Bukakata" municipality="On" pageId="0" pageNumber="227" specimenCode="BPI 842" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Masaka" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingMunicipality id="CF7C2B51FFE1AA74FF16F8B1FF47FD6A" box="[219,248,1860,1881]" pageId="0" pageNumber="227">On</collectingMunicipality>
<taxonomicName id="E8A7CAA8FFE1AA74FF32F8B1FE49FD6A" box="[255,502,1860,1881]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Rhytachne" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="227" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rottboellioides">
<emphasis id="1DD36D39FFE1AA74FF32F8B1FE49FD6A" box="[255,502,1860,1881]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="227">Rhytachne rottboellioides</emphasis>
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, 
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, 
<collectingRegion id="ED637FC9FFE1AA74FDB4F8B1FCBCFD6A" box="[633,771,1860,1881]" country="Uganda" name="Masaka" pageId="0" pageNumber="227">Masaka Distr.</collectingRegion>
, 
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of 
<collectingRegion id="ED637FC9FFE1AA74FC4EF8B1FC6FFD6A" box="[899,976,1860,1881]" country="Uganda" name="Masaka" pageId="0" pageNumber="227">Masaka</collectingRegion>
, on 
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road, alt. c. 
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, 
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<collectingDate id="4B5D6E03FFE1AA74FAEAF8B1FF50FD4E" pageId="0" pageNumber="227" value="2002-11-17">17 November 2002</collectingDate>
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, 
<emphasis id="1DD36D39FFE1AA74FF34F89DFE1BFD4E" box="[249,420,1896,1917]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="227">
<collectionCode id="49B629EEFFE1AA74FF34F89DFEB2FD4E" box="[249,269,1896,1917]" country="Denmark" name="University of Copenhagen" pageId="0" pageNumber="227" type="Herbarium">C</collectionCode>
., 
<collectionCode id="49B629EEFFE1AA74FED6F89DFE95FD4E" box="[283,298,1896,1917]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="0" pageNumber="227">T</collectionCode>
. &amp; 
<collectionCode id="49B629EEFFE1AA74FE81F89DFEE0FD4E" box="[332,351,1896,1917]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="0" pageNumber="227" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
. Vánky
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="49B629EEFFE1AA74FE7CF89DFE7BFD4E" box="[433,452,1896,1917]" country="Finland" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15618" name="University of Helsinki" pageId="0" pageNumber="227" type="Herbarium">H</collectionCode>
. 
<collectionCode id="49B629EEFFE1AA74FE0AF89DFE64FD4E" box="[455,475,1896,1917]" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15513" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland" pageId="0" pageNumber="227" type="Herbarium">U</collectionCode>
. 
<collectionCode id="49B629EEFFE1AA74FE13F89DFE4EFD4E" box="[478,497,1896,1917]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="0" pageNumber="227" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
. 19 994, 
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(!); 
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<collectionCode id="49B629EEFFE1AA74FCDBF89DFCEFFD4E" box="[790,848,1896,1917]" country="Uganda" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13539" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13539" name="Makerere University" pageId="0" pageNumber="227" type="Herbarium">MHU</collectionCode>
, 
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312, 
<collectionCode id="49B629EEFFE1AA74FC12F89DFBB8FD4E" box="[991,1031,1896,1917]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/g1nh-9c54" name="CABI Bioscience Genetic Resource Collection" pageId="0" pageNumber="227">IMI</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode id="49B629EEFFE1AA74FBDDF89DFB9BFD4E" box="[1040,1060,1896,1917]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="0" pageNumber="227" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="7BD8E1A3FFE0AA75FF45F8B2FD7FF223" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13675837" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13675837" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13675837/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="228" startId="1.[136,243,1863,1884]" targetBox="[190,1397,190,1838]" targetPageId="1" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="2F18B12BFFE0AA75FF45F8B2FD7FF223" blockId="1.[136,1452,1863,2064]" pageId="1" pageNumber="228">
<emphasis id="1DD36D39FFE0AA75FF45F8B2FE9AFD6F" bold="true" box="[136,293,1863,1884]" pageId="1" pageNumber="228">FIGURES 1–6.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="E8A7CAA8FFE0AA75FEE3F8B2FD02FD6F" authorityName="T. Denchev &amp; Denchev" authorityYear="2016" baseAuthorityName="T. Denchev &amp; Denchev" baseAuthorityYear="2016" box="[302,701,1863,1884]" class="Ustilaginomycetes" family="Ustilaginaceae" genus="Anthracocystis" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ustilaginales" pageId="1" pageNumber="228" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="rhytachnes-rottboellioidis">
<emphasis id="1DD36D39FFE0AA75FEE3F8B2FD02FD6F" box="[302,701,1863,1884]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="228">Anthracocystis rhytachnes-rottboellioidis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
on 
<taxonomicName id="E8A7CAA8FFE0AA75FD28F8B2FC61FD6F" box="[741,990,1863,1884]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Rhytachne" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="1" pageNumber="228" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rottboellioides">
<emphasis id="1DD36D39FFE0AA75FD28F8B2FC61FD6F" box="[741,990,1863,1884]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="228">Rhytachne rottboellioides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Uganda (holotype, H.U.V. 19 994). 1, 2. Habit. Arrowheads in Fig. 1 indicate immature sori with remnants of stigmas. Arrows in Fig. 2 show single, flagelliform columellae. 3, 4. Spore balls and spores in LM. Arrow in Fig. 4 indicates inner spores. 5, 6. Spore balls in SEM. Scale bars: 1, 2 = 0.5 cm, 3–5 = 10 μm, 6 = 2 μm. 
<emphasis id="1DD36D39FFE0AA75FF3DF846FED8FDFB" bold="true" box="[240,359,1971,1992]" pageId="1" pageNumber="228">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="E8A7CAA8FFE0AA75FEA3F846FD44FDFB" authorityName="T. Denchev &amp; Denchev" authorityYear="2016" baseAuthorityName="T. Denchev &amp; Denchev" baseAuthorityYear="2016" box="[366,763,1971,1992]" class="Ustilaginomycetes" family="Ustilaginaceae" genus="Anthracocystis" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ustilaginales" pageId="1" pageNumber="228" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="rhytachnes-rottboellioidis">
<emphasis id="1DD36D39FFE0AA75FEA3F846FD44FDFB" box="[366,763,1971,1992]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="228">Anthracocystis rhytachnes-rottboellioidis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
on 
<taxonomicName id="E8A7CAA8FFE0AA75FCECF846FBA6FDFB" box="[801,1049,1971,1992]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Rhytachne" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="1" pageNumber="228" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rottboellioides">
<emphasis id="1DD36D39FFE0AA75FCECF846FBA6FDFB" box="[801,1049,1971,1992]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="228">Rhytachne rottboellioides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Liberia—spore balls in SEM (B 10 0506789). Scale bar = 10 μm. 
<emphasis id="1DD36D39FFE0AA75FE7FF822FD97FDDF" bold="true" box="[434,552,2007,2028]" pageId="1" pageNumber="228">FIGURE 8.</emphasis>
Geographic distribution of 
<taxonomicName id="E8A7CAA8FFE0AA75FCFAF822FB7BFDDF" authorityName="T. Denchev &amp; Denchev" authorityYear="2016" baseAuthorityName="T. Denchev &amp; Denchev" baseAuthorityYear="2016" box="[823,1220,2007,2028]" class="Ustilaginomycetes" family="Ustilaginaceae" genus="Anthracocystis" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ustilaginales" pageId="1" pageNumber="228" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="rhytachnes-rottboellioidis">
<emphasis id="1DD36D39FFE0AA75FCFAF822FB7BFDDF" box="[823,1220,2007,2028]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="228">Anthracocystis rhytachnes-rottboellioidis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(red circles) (generated with SimpleMappr, 
<bibRefCitation id="4B36CCDAFFE0AA75FE85F80EFE51F223" author="Shorthouse, D. P." box="[328,494,2043,2064]" pageId="1" pageNumber="228" refId="ref2771" refString="Shorthouse, D. P. (2010) SimpleMappr, an online tool to produce publication-quality point maps. Available from: http: // www. simplemappr. net (accessed 12 September 2015)" type="url" year="2010">Shorthouse 2010</bibRefCitation>
). Scale bar = 500 km.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="2F18B12BFFE3AA76FF45FF55FC3AF82C" blockId="2.[136,1452,160,1119]" pageId="2" pageNumber="229">
<emphasis id="1DD36D39FFE3AA76FF45FF55FF08FA84" bold="true" box="[136,183,160,183]" pageId="2" pageNumber="229">Sori</emphasis>
in all ovaries of an infected plant, cylindric or bacilliform, 3–6 × 
<quantity id="E85F1CCEFFE3AA76FCBDFF55FC4DFA84" box="[880,1010,160,183]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="229" unit="mm" value="0.55" valueMax="0.7" valueMin="0.4">0.4–0.7 mm</quantity>
, partly concealed by the floral envelopes; covered by a thin, yellow-brown or grayish brown peridium, often with remnants of stigmas on its tip. The peridium ruptures irregularly, exposing the pulverulent, blackish brown mass of spore balls and spores, surrounding a single, flagelliform columella. The columella not exceeding the length of the sorus, slightly tapering, not ramifying, with shallow longitudinal furrows.Anthers often present around the sori. 
<emphasis id="1DD36D39FFE3AA76FDBCFEC5FD53FB74" bold="true" box="[625,748,304,327]" pageId="2" pageNumber="229">Spore balls</emphasis>
subglobose, broadly ellipsoidal, irregular or ellipsoidal, sometimes elongated, 25–55(–65) × 20–35(–45) μm, dark reddish brown, composed of 15 to tens, easily separating spores. 
<emphasis id="1DD36D39FFE3AA76FAE7FEA1FA14FB58" bold="true" box="[1322,1451,340,363]" pageId="2" pageNumber="229">Sterile cells</emphasis>
absent. 
<emphasis id="1DD36D39FFE3AA76FF17FE8DFE98FBBC" bold="true" box="[218,295,376,399]" pageId="2" pageNumber="229">Spores</emphasis>
slightly dimorphic, variable in shape, polyhedral, irregular, subglobose, ellipsoidal, irregularly elongated or broadly ellipsoidal, (7–)7.5–12(–13.5) × (6–)6.5–8.5(–9.5) (9.4 ± 1.2 × 7.6 ± 0.6) μm (n = 200); wall slightly uneven, 0.5–1.0 μm thick, often with one or few thinner areas in which the wall is collapsed and with lighter colour. Outer spores medium yellow-brown to medium reddish brown, minutely verruculose, spore profile smooth or nearly so; inner spores light yellow-brown, smooth. In SEM minutely verruculose, warts up to 0.2 μm high.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2F18B12BFFE3AA76FF70FDD9FBB8F854" blockId="2.[136,1452,160,1119]" pageId="2" pageNumber="229">
<emphasis id="1DD36D39FFE3AA76FF70FDD9FD9DF870" bold="true" box="[189,546,556,579]" pageId="2" pageNumber="229">Additional specimen examined:</emphasis>
—On 
<taxonomicName id="E8A7CAA8FFE3AA76FDAEFDD9FBA6F870" authority="Desv. ex Ham." authorityName="Ham." box="[611,1049,556,579]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Rhytachne" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="2" pageNumber="229" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rottboellioides">
<emphasis id="1DD36D39FFE3AA76FDAEFDD9FCCBF870" box="[611,884,556,579]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="229">Rhytachne rottboellioides</emphasis>
Desv. ex Ham.
</taxonomicName>
: 
<collectingCountry id="57B0F1BBFFE3AA76FBECFDD9FBCDF870" box="[1057,1138,556,579]" name="Liberia" pageId="2" pageNumber="229">Liberia</collectingCountry>
: Yéképa, Mt. 
<collectingRegion id="ED637FC9FFE3AA76FAC9FDD9FAF0F870" box="[1284,1359,556,579]" country="Liberia" name="Nimba" pageId="2" pageNumber="229">Nimba</collectingRegion>
, 
<date id="5B1997EBFFE3AA76FA95FDD9FF7FF854" pageId="2" pageNumber="229" value="1965-01">January 1965</date>
, leg. 
<emphasis id="1DD36D39FFE3AA76FF34FDA5FED6F854" box="[249,361,592,615]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="229">
<collectionCode id="49B629EEFFE3AA76FF34FDA5FEB6F854" box="[249,265,592,615]" country="South Africa" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14647" name="University of the Witwatersrand" pageId="2" pageNumber="229" type="Herbarium">J</collectionCode>
. 
<collectionCode id="49B629EEFFE3AA76FEC1FDA5FE9EF854" box="[268,289,592,615]" country="Switzerland" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15706" name="Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève" pageId="2" pageNumber="229" type="Herbarium">G</collectionCode>
. Adam
</emphasis>
23 893 (
<collectionCode id="49B629EEFFE3AA76FE05FDA5FE65F854" box="[456,474,592,615]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15534" name="Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Zentraleinrichtung der Freien Universitaet" pageId="2" pageNumber="229" type="Herbarium">B</collectionCode>
10 0506789) (Fig. 7). It is a new record for 
<collectingCountry id="57B0F1BBFFE3AA76FC7EFDA5FBBBF854" box="[947,1028,592,615]" name="Liberia" pageId="2" pageNumber="229">Liberia</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2F18B12BFFE3AA76FF70FD81FE26F89C" blockId="2.[136,1452,160,1119]" pageId="2" pageNumber="229">
<emphasis id="1DD36D39FFE3AA76FF70FD81FDA6F8B8" bold="true" box="[189,537,628,651]" pageId="2" pageNumber="229">Known host and distribution:</emphasis>
—On 
<taxonomicName id="E8A7CAA8FFE3AA76FD92FD81FD04F8B8" authorityName="Barnhart" authorityYear="1895" baseAuthorityName="R.Br." box="[607,699,628,651]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="2" pageNumber="229" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Poaceae</taxonomicName>
: 
<taxonomicName id="E8A7CAA8FFE3AA76FD05FD81FC62F8B8" box="[712,989,628,651]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Rhytachne" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="2" pageNumber="229" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rottboellioides">
<emphasis id="1DD36D39FFE3AA76FD05FD81FC62F8B8" box="[712,989,628,651]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="229">Rhytachne rottboellioides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; Africa (
<collectingCountry id="57B0F1BBFFE3AA76FB8EFD81FB25F8B8" box="[1091,1178,628,651]" name="Uganda" pageId="2" pageNumber="229">Uganda</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="57B0F1BBFFE3AA76FB65FD81FB46F8B8" box="[1192,1273,628,651]" name="Liberia" pageId="2" pageNumber="229">Liberia</collectingCountry>
; Fig. 8) (
<bibRefCitation id="4B36CCDAFFE3AA76FAAEFD81FF7FF89C" author="Vanky, K." pageId="2" pageNumber="229" pagination="1 - 65" refId="ref2808" refString="Vanky, K. (2003) Taxonomical studies on Ustilaginales. XXIII. Mycotaxon 85: 1 - 65." type="journal article" year="2003">Vánky 2003</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="4B36CCDAFFE3AA76FF07FD6DFE32F89C" author="Vanky, K. &amp; Vanky, C. &amp; Denchev, C. M." box="[202,397,664,687]" pageId="2" pageNumber="229" pagination="1 - 77" refId="ref2856" refString="Vanky, K., Vanky, C. &amp; Denchev, C. M. (2011) Smut fungi in Africa - a checklist. Mycologia Balcanica 8: 1 - 77." type="journal article" year="2011">
Vánky 
<emphasis id="1DD36D39FFE3AA76FED5FD6DFEF1F89C" box="[280,334,664,687]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="229">et al.</emphasis>
2011
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="67BDE2A0FFE3AA76FF70FD49FB1BFE6C" pageId="2" pageNumber="229" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="2F18B12BFFE3AA76FF70FD49FBF4F8E0" blockId="2.[136,1452,160,1119]" box="[189,1099,700,723]" pageId="2" pageNumber="229">
<emphasis id="1DD36D39FFE3AA76FF70FD49FEFEF8E0" bold="true" box="[189,321,700,723]" pageId="2" pageNumber="229">Comments:</emphasis>
—The description given above is based on the 
<typeStatus id="F01C0F89FFE3AA76FCFBFD49FCDBF8E0" box="[822,868,700,723]" pageId="2" pageNumber="229">type</typeStatus>
specimen (
<figureCitation id="B79CADAEFFE3AA76FC10FD49FB81F8E0" box="[989,1086,700,723]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="1.[136,243,1863,1884]" captionTargetBox="[190,1397,190,1838]" captionTargetId="figure-14@1.[190,1398,190,1838]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. Anthracocystis rhytachnes-rottboellioidis on Rhytachne rottboellioides from Uganda (holotype, H.U.V. 19 994). 1, 2. Habit. Arrowheads in Fig. 1 indicate immature sori with remnants of stigmas. Arrows in Fig. 2 show single, flagelliform columellae. 3, 4. Spore balls and spores in LM. Arrow in Fig. 4 indicates inner spores. 5, 6. Spore balls in SEM. Scale bars: 1, 2 = 0.5 cm, 3–5 = 10 μm, 6 = 2 μm. FIGURE 7. Anthracocystis rhytachnes-rottboellioidis on Rhytachne rottboellioides from Liberia—spore balls in SEM (B 10 0506789). Scale bar = 10 μm. FIGURE 8. Geographic distribution of Anthracocystis rhytachnes-rottboellioidis (red circles) (generated with SimpleMappr, Shorthouse 2010). Scale bar = 500 km." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13675837" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13675837/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="229">Figs 1–6</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2F18B12BFFE3AA76FF70FD15FED9F90C" blockId="2.[136,1452,160,1119]" pageId="2" pageNumber="229">
<taxonomicName id="E8A7CAA8FFE3AA76FF70FD15FE6EF8C4" box="[189,465,736,759]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Rhytachne" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="2" pageNumber="229" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rottboellioides">
<emphasis id="1DD36D39FFE3AA76FF70FD15FE6EF8C4" box="[189,465,736,759]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="229">Rhytachne rottboellioides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distributed in Tropical and 
<collectingCountry id="57B0F1BBFFE3AA76FCD1FD15FC1AF8C4" box="[796,933,736,759]" name="South Africa" pageId="2" pageNumber="229">South Africa</collectingCountry>
and 
<collectingCountry id="57B0F1BBFFE3AA76FC10FD15FBDFF8C4" box="[989,1120,736,759]" name="Madagascar" pageId="2" pageNumber="229">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
, and is naturalized in America (from 
<collectingCountry id="57B0F1BBFFE3AA76FF00FCF1FEA1F928" box="[205,286,772,795]" name="Mexico" pageId="2" pageNumber="229">Mexico</collectingCountry>
to 
<collectingCountry id="57B0F1BBFFE3AA76FE8EFCF1FE39F928" box="[323,390,772,795]" name="Brazil" pageId="2" pageNumber="229">Brazil</collectingCountry>
) (
<bibRefCitation id="4B36CCDAFFE3AA76FE51FCF1FDCFF928" author="Clayton, W. D. &amp; Govaerts, R. &amp; Harman, K. T. &amp; Williamson, H. &amp; Vorontsova, M. S." box="[412,624,772,795]" pageId="2" pageNumber="229" refId="ref2339" refString="Clayton, W. D., Govaerts, R., Harman, K. T., Williamson, H. &amp; Vorontsova, M. S. (2015) Rhytachne rottboellioides. In: Clayton, W. D., Vorontsova, M. S., Harman, K. T. &amp; Williamson, H. (Eds.) GrassBase - The Online World Grass Flora. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available from: http: // www. kew. org / data / grasses-db / www / gen 00033. htm (accessed 27 January 2015)" type="url" year="2015">
Clayton 
<emphasis id="1DD36D39FFE3AA76FE37FCF1FD8EF928" box="[506,561,772,795]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="229">et al.</emphasis>
2015
</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="4B36CCDAFFE3AA76FDB1FCF1FCA9F928" author="Poilecot, P." box="[636,790,772,795]" pageId="2" pageNumber="229" refId="ref2735" refString="Poilecot, P. (2015) Guide to Liberian Grasses. The Nimba Mountains, Bong and the Coastal Area around Buchanan. ArcelorMittal, Monrovia, and CIRAD, Montpellier, 182 pp." type="book" year="2015">Poilecot 2015</bibRefCitation>
). We expect that 
<taxonomicName id="E8A7CAA8FFE3AA76FC1DFCF1FABCF928" authorityName="T. Denchev &amp; Denchev" authorityYear="2016" baseAuthorityName="T. Denchev &amp; Denchev" baseAuthorityYear="2016" box="[976,1283,772,795]" class="Ustilaginomycetes" family="Ustilaginaceae" genus="Anthracocystis" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ustilaginales" pageId="2" pageNumber="229" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="rhytachnes-rottboellioidis">
<emphasis id="1DD36D39FFE3AA76FC1DFCF1FABCF928" box="[976,1283,772,795]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="229">A. rhytachnes-rottboellioidis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is more widely distributed in Africa.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2F18B12BFFE3AA76FF70FCB9FDCBF998" blockId="2.[136,1452,160,1119]" pageId="2" pageNumber="229">
<taxonomicName id="E8A7CAA8FFE3AA76FF70FCB9FDC7F950" authorityName="T. Denchev &amp; Denchev" authorityYear="2016" baseAuthorityName="T. Denchev &amp; Denchev" baseAuthorityYear="2016" box="[189,632,844,867]" class="Ustilaginomycetes" family="Ustilaginaceae" genus="Anthracocystis" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ustilaginales" pageId="2" pageNumber="229" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="rhytachnes-rottboellioidis">
<emphasis id="1DD36D39FFE3AA76FF70FCB9FDC7F950" box="[189,632,844,867]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="229">Anthracocystis rhytachnes-rottboellioidis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from 
<taxonomicName id="E8A7CAA8FFE3AA76FCC5FCB9FC23F950" box="[776,924,844,867]" class="Ustilaginomycetes" family="Ustilaginaceae" genus="Anthracocystis" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ustilaginales" pageId="2" pageNumber="229" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="rhytachnes">
<emphasis id="1DD36D39FFE3AA76FCC5FCB9FC23F950" box="[776,924,844,867]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="229">A. rhytachnes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by developing sori in the ovaries of the infected plant (while the sori of 
<taxonomicName id="E8A7CAA8FFE3AA76FE40FC85FD9EF9B4" box="[397,545,880,903]" class="Ustilaginomycetes" family="Ustilaginaceae" genus="Anthracocystis" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ustilaginales" pageId="2" pageNumber="229" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="rhytachnes">
<emphasis id="1DD36D39FFE3AA76FE40FC85FD9EF9B4" box="[397,545,880,903]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="229">A. rhytachnes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
destroy the inflorescence), and having smaller spores, (7–)7.5–12(–13.5) μm long, versus 11–15(–16) μm long for 
<taxonomicName id="E8A7CAA8FFE3AA76FE16FC61FDD2F998" box="[475,621,916,939]" class="Ustilaginomycetes" family="Ustilaginaceae" genus="Anthracocystis" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ustilaginales" pageId="2" pageNumber="229" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="rhytachnes">
<emphasis id="1DD36D39FFE3AA76FE16FC61FDD2F998" box="[475,621,916,939]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="229">A. rhytachnes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2F18B12BFFE3AA76FF70FC4DFBDDFE24" blockId="2.[136,1452,160,1119]" pageId="2" pageNumber="229">
<taxonomicName id="E8A7CAA8FFE3AA76FF70FC4DFDC4F9FC" authorityName="T. Denchev &amp; Denchev" authorityYear="2016" baseAuthorityName="T. Denchev &amp; Denchev" baseAuthorityYear="2016" box="[189,635,952,975]" class="Ustilaginomycetes" family="Ustilaginaceae" genus="Anthracocystis" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ustilaginales" pageId="2" pageNumber="229" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="rhytachnes-rottboellioidis">
<emphasis id="1DD36D39FFE3AA76FF70FC4DFDC4F9FC" box="[189,635,952,975]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="229">Anthracocystis rhytachnes-rottboellioidis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from 
<taxonomicName id="E8A7CAA8FFE3AA76FCDDFC4DFC52F9FC" box="[784,1005,952,975]" class="Ustilaginomycetes" family="Ustilaginaceae" genus="Sporisorium" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ustilaginales" pageId="2" pageNumber="229" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="urelytri">
<emphasis id="1DD36D39FFE3AA76FCDDFC4DFC52F9FC" box="[784,1005,952,975]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="229">Sporisorium urelytri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by developing sori in the ovaries of the infected plant (while the sori of 
<taxonomicName id="E8A7CAA8FFE3AA76FE2DFC29FDF5F9C0" box="[480,586,988,1011]" class="Ustilaginomycetes" family="Ustilaginaceae" genus="Sporisorium" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ustilaginales" pageId="2" pageNumber="229" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="urelytri">
<emphasis id="1DD36D39FFE3AA76FE2DFC29FDF5F9C0" box="[480,586,988,1011]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="229">S. urelytri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
destroy sessile and pedicellate spikelets), and having smaller spores, (7–)7.5–12 (–13.5) (9.4 ± 1.2) μm long versus (10–)10.5–14(–15.5) (12.4 ± 0.9) μm long for 
<taxonomicName id="E8A7CAA8FFE3AA76FC3CFBF5FBE4FE24" box="[1009,1115,1024,1047]" class="Ustilaginomycetes" family="Ustilaginaceae" genus="Sporisorium" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ustilaginales" pageId="2" pageNumber="229" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="urelytri">
<emphasis id="1DD36D39FFE3AA76FC3CFBF5FBE4FE24" box="[1009,1115,1024,1047]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="229">S. urelytri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2F18B12BFFE3AA76FF70FBD1FB1BFE6C" blockId="2.[136,1452,160,1119]" pageId="2" pageNumber="229">
Based on the morphological characters that separate 
<taxonomicName id="E8A7CAA8FFE3AA76FD33FBD1FC22FE08" box="[766,925,1060,1083]" class="Ustilaginomycetes" family="Ustilaginaceae" genus="Anthracocystis" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ustilaginales" pageId="2" pageNumber="229" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1DD36D39FFE3AA76FD33FBD1FC22FE08" box="[766,925,1060,1083]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="229">Anthracocystis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from 
<taxonomicName id="E8A7CAA8FFE3AA76FC2FFBD1FBD9FE08" authorityName="Ehrenberg ex Link" authorityYear="1825" box="[994,1126,1060,1083]" class="Ustilaginomycetes" family="Ustilaginaceae" genus="Sporisorium" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ustilaginales" pageId="2" pageNumber="229" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1DD36D39FFE3AA76FC2FFBD1FBD9FE08" box="[994,1126,1060,1083]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="229">Sporisorium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(cf. 
<bibRefCitation id="4B36CCDAFFE3AA76FB51FBD1FA1FFE08" author="McTaggart, A. R. &amp; Shivas, R. G. &amp; Geering, A. D. W. &amp; Vanky, K. &amp; Scharaschkin, T." box="[1180,1440,1060,1083]" pageId="2" pageNumber="229" pagination="116 - 132" refId="ref2669" refString="McTaggart, A. R., Shivas, R. G., Geering, A. D. W., Vanky, K. &amp; Scharaschkin, T. (2012 b) Taxonomic revision of Ustilago, Sporisorium and Macalpinomyces. Persoonia 29: 116 - 132. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.3767 / 003158512 X 661462" type="journal article" year="2012">
McTaggart 
<emphasis id="1DD36D39FFE3AA76FAD4FBD1FAEEFE08" box="[1305,1361,1060,1083]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="229">et al.</emphasis>
2012b
</bibRefCitation>
), 
<taxonomicName id="E8A7CAA8FFE3AA76FF45FBBDFEDDFE6C" box="[136,354,1096,1119]" class="Ustilaginomycetes" family="Ustilaginaceae" genus="Sporisorium" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ustilaginales" pageId="2" pageNumber="229" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="urelytri">
<emphasis id="1DD36D39FFE3AA76FF45FBBDFEDDFE6C" box="[136,354,1096,1119]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="229">Sporisorium urelytri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
should be transferred to 
<taxonomicName id="E8A7CAA8FFE3AA76FDA6FBBDFCB6FE6C" box="[619,777,1096,1119]" class="Ustilaginomycetes" family="Ustilaginaceae" genus="Anthracocystis" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ustilaginales" pageId="2" pageNumber="229" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1DD36D39FFE3AA76FDA6FBBDFCB6FE6C" box="[619,777,1096,1119]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="229">Anthracocystis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. A new combination is proposed here.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>