260 lines
23 KiB
XML
260 lines
23 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.5.e11760" ID-PMC="PMC5345105" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2828-5-11760" ID-PubMed="28325987" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2017" ModsDocID="1314-2828-5-e11760" ModsDocOrigin="Biodiversity Data Journal 5" ModsDocTitle="New and poorly known Palaearctic fungus gnats (Diptera, Sciaroidea)" checkinTime="1488797779419" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Salmela, Jukka & Kolcsar, Levente-Peter" docDate="2017" docId="8C3988725653455ED204EB1DC3E44D8B" docLanguage="en" docName="BiodivDatJour 5: e11760" docOrigin="Biodiversity Data Journal 5" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.5.e11760" docTitle="Phronia prolongata Salmela, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="11760" masterDocId="FFC2737DFF98C73BFFA3FFCCFFF3FFE7" masterDocTitle="New and poorly known Palaearctic fungus gnats (Diptera, Sciaroidea)" masterLastPageNumber="11760" masterPageNumber="11760" pageNumber="11760" updateTime="1668124062406" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
|
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
|
<mods:titleInfo>
|
|
<mods:title>New and poorly known Palaearctic fungus gnats (Diptera, Sciaroidea)</mods:title>
|
|
</mods:titleInfo>
|
|
<mods:name type="personal">
|
|
<mods:role>
|
|
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|
<mods:namePart>Salmela, Jukka</mods:namePart>
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|
<mods:name type="personal">
|
|
<mods:role>
|
|
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|
<mods:namePart>Kolcsar, Levente-Peter</mods:namePart>
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
|
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
|
<mods:titleInfo>
|
|
<mods:title>Biodiversity Data Journal</mods:title>
|
|
</mods:titleInfo>
|
|
<mods:part>
|
|
<mods:date>2017</mods:date>
|
|
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
|
<mods:number>5</mods:number>
|
|
</mods:detail>
|
|
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
|
<mods:start>11760</mods:start>
|
|
<mods:end>11760</mods:end>
|
|
</mods:extent>
|
|
</mods:part>
|
|
</mods:relatedItem>
|
|
<mods:location>
|
|
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.5.e11760</mods:url>
|
|
</mods:location>
|
|
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
|
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.5.e11760</mods:identifier>
|
|
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2828-5-11760</mods:identifier>
|
|
</mods:mods>
|
|
<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8C3988725653455ED204EB1DC3E44D8B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/8C3988725653455ED204EB1DC3E44D8B" lastPageNumber="11760" pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" type="nomenclature">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">
|
|
<taxonomicName LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:3A162039-F1B7-458E-BEBC-0317C31C25B7" authority="Salmela" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Phronia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phronia prolongata" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="prolongata">Phronia prolongata Salmela</taxonomicName>
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" type="materials_examined">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">Materials</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">
|
|
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2014-06-26" collectingMethod="Malaise trap" collectionCode="ZMUT" collectorName="E. Rundgren" country="Finland" location="Finland" pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" specimenCode="DIPT-JS- 2015 - 0215" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="Holotype">
|
|
Type status:
|
|
<typeStatus pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
|
. Occurrence: catalogNumber:
|
|
<specimenCode pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">DIPT-JS-2015-0215</specimenCode>
|
|
; recordedBy:
|
|
<collectorName pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">E. Rundgren</collectorName>
|
|
; individualCount:
|
|
<specimenCount pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">1</specimenCount>
|
|
; sex:
|
|
<specimenType pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">male</specimenType>
|
|
; Location: country:
|
|
<collectingCountry pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">Finland</collectingCountry>
|
|
; stateProvince: Lapponia inarensis; verbatimLocality: Inari, Muotkatunturi Wilderness Area, Kielajoki; verbatimLatitude: 69.146; verbatimLongitude: 26.292; verbatimCoordinateSystem: decimal degrees; verbatimSRS: WGS84; Identification: identifiedBy:
|
|
<determinerName pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">J. Salmela</determinerName>
|
|
; Event: samplingProtocol:
|
|
<collectingMethod pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">Malaise trap</collectingMethod>
|
|
; eventDate:
|
|
<collectingDate value="2014-06-26">2014-6-26</collectingDate>
|
|
/8-5; habitat: lush and swampy riparian birch forest; Record Level: institutionCode:
|
|
<collectionCode pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">ZMUT</collectionCode>
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2010-06-13" collectingMethod="sweep net" collectionCode="NHMO" collectorName="Finnmarksprosjektet" country="Norway" location="Norway" pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" specimenCode="MYCFI 183 - 11" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="Paratype">
|
|
Type status:
|
|
<typeStatus pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
|
. Occurrence: catalogNumber:
|
|
<specimenCode pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">MYCFI183-11</specimenCode>
|
|
; recordedBy:
|
|
<collectorName pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">Finnmarksprosjektet</collectorName>
|
|
; individualCount:
|
|
<specimenCount pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">1</specimenCount>
|
|
; sex:
|
|
<specimenType pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">male</specimenType>
|
|
; Location: country:
|
|
<collectingCountry pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">Norway</collectingCountry>
|
|
; stateProvince: Finnmark; verbatimLocality: Alta, Goppaelva; verbatimLatitude: 70.027; verbatimLongitude: 23.394; verbatimCoordinateSystem: decimal degrees; verbatimSRS: WGS84; Identification: identifiedBy:
|
|
<determinerName pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">
|
|
J. Salmela, G.
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="Söli">Soeli</normalizedToken>
|
|
</determinerName>
|
|
; Event: samplingProtocol:
|
|
<collectingMethod pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">sweep net</collectingMethod>
|
|
; eventDate:
|
|
<collectingDate pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" value="2010-06-13">2010-6-13</collectingDate>
|
|
; Record Level: institutionCode:
|
|
<collectionCode pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">NHMO</collectionCode>
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2010-06-13" collectingMethod="sweep net" collectionCode="NHMO" collectorName="Finnmarksprosjektet" country="Norway" location="Norway" pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" specimenCode="MYCFI 184 - 11" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="Paratype">
|
|
Type status:
|
|
<typeStatus pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
|
. Occurrence: catalogNumber:
|
|
<specimenCode pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">MYCFI184-11</specimenCode>
|
|
; recordedBy:
|
|
<collectorName pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">Finnmarksprosjektet</collectorName>
|
|
; individualCount:
|
|
<specimenCount pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">1</specimenCount>
|
|
; sex:
|
|
<specimenType pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">male</specimenType>
|
|
; Location: country:
|
|
<collectingCountry pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">Norway</collectingCountry>
|
|
; stateProvince: Finnmark; verbatimLocality: Alta, Goppaelva; verbatimLatitude: 70.027; verbatimLongitude: 23.394; verbatimCoordinateSystem: decimal degrees; verbatimSRS: WGS84; Identification: identifiedBy:
|
|
<determinerName pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">
|
|
J. Salmela, G.
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="Söli">Soeli</normalizedToken>
|
|
</determinerName>
|
|
; Event: samplingProtocol:
|
|
<collectingMethod pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">sweep net</collectingMethod>
|
|
; eventDate:
|
|
<collectingDate pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" value="2010-06-13">2010-6-13</collectingDate>
|
|
; Record Level: institutionCode:
|
|
<collectionCode pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">NHMO</collectionCode>
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2014-06-06" collectingMethod="Malaise trap" collectionCode="ZSM" collectorName="D. Doczkal, S. Schmidt & J. Voith" country="Germany" location="Germany" pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" specimenCode="BC-ZSM-DIP- 22552 - E 10" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="Paratype">
|
|
Type status:
|
|
<typeStatus pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
|
. Occurrence: catalogNumber:
|
|
<specimenCode pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">BC-ZSM-DIP-22552-E10</specimenCode>
|
|
; recordedBy:
|
|
<collectorName pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">D. Doczkal, S. Schmidt & J. Voith</collectorName>
|
|
; individualCount:
|
|
<specimenCount pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">1</specimenCount>
|
|
; sex:
|
|
<specimenType pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">male</specimenType>
|
|
; Location: country:
|
|
<collectingCountry pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">Germany</collectingCountry>
|
|
; stateProvince: Bavaria; verbatimLocality:
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="Allgäu">Allgaeu</normalizedToken>
|
|
, Oberstdorf, Schochen; verbatimElevation:
|
|
<elevation pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">2032 m</elevation>
|
|
; verbatimLatitude: 47.3936; verbatimLongitude: 10.3692; verbatimCoordinateSystem: decimal degrees; verbatimSRS: WGS84; Identification: identifiedBy:
|
|
<determinerName pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">J. Salmela</determinerName>
|
|
; Event: samplingProtocol:
|
|
<collectingMethod pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">Malaise trap</collectingMethod>
|
|
; eventDate:
|
|
<collectingDate value="2014-06-06">2014-6-6</collectingDate>
|
|
/21; habitat: Blaugras-Horstseggenrasen; Record Level: institutionCode:
|
|
<collectionCode pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">ZSM</collectionCode>
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2014-06-30" collectingMethod="sweep net" collectionCode="BIOUG" collectorName="BIObus" country="Canada" location="Canada" pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" specimenCode="BIOUG 21868 - H 06" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="Other material">
|
|
Type status:
|
|
<typeStatus pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">Other material</typeStatus>
|
|
. Occurrence: catalogNumber:
|
|
<specimenCode pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">BIOUG21868-H06</specimenCode>
|
|
; recordedBy:
|
|
<collectorName pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">BIObus</collectorName>
|
|
; individualCount:
|
|
<specimenCount pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">1</specimenCount>
|
|
; sex:
|
|
<specimenType pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">female</specimenType>
|
|
; Location: country:
|
|
<collectingCountry pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">Canada</collectingCountry>
|
|
; stateProvince: British Columbia; verbatimLocality: Vancouver Island; verbatimLatitude: 49.044; verbatimLongitude: -125.684; verbatimCoordinateSystem: decimal degrees; verbatimSRS: WGS84; Identification: identifiedBy:
|
|
<determinerName pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">BOLD ID engine</determinerName>
|
|
; Event: samplingProtocol:
|
|
<collectingMethod pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">sweep net</collectingMethod>
|
|
; eventDate:
|
|
<collectingDate pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" value="2014-06-30">2014-6-30</collectingDate>
|
|
; habitat: old growth temperate rain forest; Record Level: institutionCode:
|
|
<collectionCode pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">BIOUG</collectionCode>
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" type="description">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">Description</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">Male. Head brown, vertex covered by pale setae, frons glabrous. Ocelli arranged in a very shallow triangle, central ocellus slightly smaller than laterals; lateral ocelli close to eyes, their distance from eye less than their own width. Eyes pubescent. Palpi brown, bearing light setae. Length ratio of palpal segments 3-5: 3:4=0.92, 4:5=0.62. Penultimate segment 3.51 times as long as wide, last segment 10.0 times as long as wide. Third palpomere with a sensory pit in its base. Antennae brown, 16-segmented (scape, pedicel and 14 flagellomeres). Scape:pedicel length ratio 1.28. Flagellomeres cylindrical, length:width ratio of 1st flagellomere 3.0, 4th flagellomere 2.58 and apical flagellomere 3.2. Flagellomeres covered by dense light setosity, setae slightly curved, their length shorter than width of respective flagellomere.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">Thorax generally brown, scutum dorsally dark-brown. Scutum with mainly pale setosity, including the two stout and long dorso-posterior setae above scutellum. Mediotergite bare, other sclerites bearing setae. Scutellum with four stout marginal setae. Halteres pale, bearing weak light setae and setulae.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">Wings hyaline, veins light brown. Bases of M1 and M2, M1+2, r-m, bM1+2, bRs and apex of Sc bare, other veins setose. C slightly exceeding tip of R5. Sc ending free. Length ratio of M1+2:r-m = 1.29. Wing length 3.2-3.5 mm.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">Coxae and legs yellowish brown, bearing dark setae. Length ratio of femur to tibia for fore and mid legs (hind legs are missing from the holotype, ratios of that leg are form the German paratype): 0.93, 0.9, 0.76. Length ratio of tibia to basitarsus for fore and mid legs: 0.96, 1.21, 1.5. Anteroapical depressed area of the fore tibia ovate, having numerous light setae over the area. Ratio of apical width of tibia:length of longest tibial spur for fore and mid legs: 0.67, 0.33, 0.23.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">Abdomen. 9th tergite and cerci as in Fig. 14a. Ventroapical projection of gonocoxites conspicuous, relatively long and narrow (Fig. 14c). Ventral lobe of gonostylus triangular, with a rather long and pointed ventrobasal outgrowth (Fig. 14d). Dorsal lobe of gonostylus relatively short, about 1.6 times longer than basally wide, bearing numerous setae (Fig. 14b, c, d). Mesial portion of gonostylus bearing 13-14 rows of combs, and a finger-like projection that is mostly bare, having an apical comb-row (Fig. 14d). Aedeagus (in lateral view) is evenly curved along its length and parameres are very long, about as long as aedeagus (Fig. 14e, f).</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">Female. In general, similar to male. Antennae dark except scape, pedicel and base of 1st flagellomere yellowish brown. Scape:pedicel length ratio 1.54. Length:width ratio of 1st flagellomere 3.1, 4th flagellomere 2.14 (apical flagellomeres broken off). Length ratio of M1+2:r-m = 1.58. Wing length 3.5 mm.</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" type="diagnosis">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">Diagnosis</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Phronia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phronia prolongata" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="prolongata">Phronia prolongata</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp.n. is a closely related species of
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. exigua" pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" rank="species" species="exigua">P. exigua</taxonomicName>
|
|
(Zetterstedt, see Fig. 16). The ventroapical projection of the gonocoxites in the new species is rather long and narrow (shorter and broader in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. exigua" pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" rank="species" species="exigua">P. exigua</taxonomicName>
|
|
), the aedeagus (in lateral view) is evenly curved along its length (less curved in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. exigua" pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" rank="species" species="exigua">P. exigua</taxonomicName>
|
|
) and the parameres are very long, about as long as the aedeagus (much shorter in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. exigua" pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" rank="species" species="exigua">P. exigua</taxonomicName>
|
|
, less than 0.5 times the length of the aedeagus).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" type="etymology">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">Etymology</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">
|
|
The name (Latin
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Sciaroidea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sciaroidea prolongata" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="prolongata">prolongata</taxonomicName>
|
|
, an adjective) of the new species refers to the elongated, prolonged parameres of the male hypopygium.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" type="distribution">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">Distribution</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">The new species has a Holarctic range, it is known from Canada (British Columbia), Norway, Finland and Germany (Fig. 3). Fennoscandian sites are located in the Arctic-Alpine ecoregion and the collecting site in Germany was at high altitude alpine zone.</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" type="ecology">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">Ecology</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">The Finnish collecting site was a swampy riparian birch forest and in Germany the species was collected from an alpine meadow.</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" type="taxon discussion">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">Taxon discussion</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">
|
|
The new species belongs to a group of species clastered with
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. exigua" pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" rank="species" species="exigua">P. exigua</taxonomicName>
|
|
, all sharing a beaked, setose ventral lobe of the gonostylus (ventrobasal outgrowth of the ventral lobe of gonostylus) and a row of ventral setae on the hind tibia (
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Gagne, R. J." journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the American Entomological Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" pagination="227 - 318" title="A revision of the Nearctic species of the genus Phronia (Diptera: Mycetophiilidae)" volume="101" year="1975">
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="Gagné">Gagne</normalizedToken>
|
|
1975
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). The new species is relatively close to
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. egregia" pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" rank="species" species="egregia">P. egregia</taxonomicName>
|
|
Dziedzicki, a species having very wide and apically expanded ventroapical lobe of the gonocoxite (see e.g.
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Gagne, R. J." journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the American Entomological Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" pagination="227 - 318" title="A revision of the Nearctic species of the genus Phronia (Diptera: Mycetophiilidae)" volume="101" year="1975">
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="Gagné">Gagne</normalizedToken>
|
|
1975
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
, fig. 14 and
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Zaitzev, A. I." journalOrPublisher="International Journal of Dipterological Research" pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" pagination="77 - 386" title="Fungus gnats (Diptera, Sciaroidea) of the fauna of Russia and adjacent regions. Part 2" volume="14" year="2003">Zaitzev 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
|
, fig. 93.2); this lobe in the new species is rather narrow and apically very slightly expanded (Fig. 14c). The closest relative of the new species is apparently
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. exigua" pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" rank="species" species="exigua">P. exigua</taxonomicName>
|
|
, that has a wide ventroapical lobe of the gonocoxite, the aedeagus is not evenly curved and the parameres are short (see Fig. 15; length of paramere:length of aedeagus 0.46, this ratio is 1.0 in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. prolongata" pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" rank="species" species="prolongata">P. prolongata</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp.n.).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" type="dna barcoding">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">DNA barcoding</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">BOLD Sample ID: DIPT-JS-2015-0215. BOLD Process ID: SCFI251-15. GenBank accession number: KY062993.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">AATTTTATACTTTATTTTTGGTGCTTGATCTGGAATAGTAGGAACTTCCCTAAGAATTATTATTCGTGCTGAACTTGGTCATCCAGGAGCATTGATTGGAAATGATCAAATTTATAATGTAATTGTTACTGCTCATGCTTTCATTATAATTTTTTTTATAGTTATGCCCATTATAATTGGTGGGTTTGGTAACTGACTTGTCCCATTGATATTGGGGGCCCCTGATATAGCTTTTCCTCGAATAAATAATATAAGTTTCTGATTATTGCCTCCCTCATTAACACTTCTTCTTTCAAGAAGTTTAGTCGAAGCTGGGGCTGGTACAGGTTGAACTGTTTATCCCCCTCTTTCTTCTACTATTGCTCACGCAGGATCTTCTGTTGATCTAGCTATTTTTTCTCTTCATTTAGCTGGTATTTCTTCAATTTTAGGGGCGGTAAATTTTATCACAACTATTATTAATATACGAGCTCCAGGAATTTCCTTTGATCGTTTACCTTTATTTGTTTGATCTGTTCTTATTACTGCTGTATTGCTTCTTTTATCGCTACCAGTTTTAGCTGGGGCTATTACTATACTTTTAACTGATCGAAATTTAAACACATCTTTCTTTGACCCTGCCGGAGGGGGGGACCCTATTCTTTATCAACATTTATTT</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">
|
|
The similarity of COI sequences between the new species and
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. exigua" pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" rank="species" species="exigua">P. exigua</taxonomicName>
|
|
range between 95.57 and 94.8, and between the new species and
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. egregia" pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" rank="species" species="egregia">P. egregia</taxonomicName>
|
|
89.98-87.86. The new species displays a notable intraspecific variation: the Canadian non-type female has 97.06 similarity compared to the holotype and the two Norwegian specimens have 96.6 similarity. Interestingly the similarity of the holotype and German paratype is 98.94, and these two are classified to the same Barcode index number (BIN) by the BOLD (BOLD:ACW2188), shared by no other specimens. The new species is, however, monophyletic (Fig. 16) and despite COI divergences, we find all the studied male specimens conspecific. For example, biting midges (
|
|
<taxonomicName family="Ceratopogonidae" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" rank="family">Ceratopogonidae</taxonomicName>
|
|
)
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Brachypogon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Brachypogon sociabilis" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sociabilis">Brachypogon sociabilis</taxonomicName>
|
|
(Goetghebuer) and
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Bezzia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bezzia rhynchostylata" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rhynchostylata">Bezzia rhynchostylata</taxonomicName>
|
|
Remm in Finnmark, Norway, were characterised by relatively high intraspecific distances (4.0-3.8 %) and were classified to four and three BINs, respectively (
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Stur, Elisabeth" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" pagination="95 - 131" title="When DNA barcoding and morphology mesh: Ceratopogonidae diversity in Finnmark, Norway" volume="463" year="2014">Stur and Borkent 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). Despite this variation, the specimens had no observable morphological differences and were considered conspecific. DNA barcode and associated data of the German paratype and Canadian female specimen are available from the BOLD Public data portal.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |