191 lines
16 KiB
XML
191 lines
16 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6418279" ID-GBIF-Dataset="bc3766a8-d834-42d8-9b39-0612d00293ca" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-19-0" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6418279" checkinTime="1600873888554" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier" docDate="2019" docId="194287C9FFB0BA1CB48AFB76BA17F8C9" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_9_Molossidae_598.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Eumops ferox" docType="treatment" docVersion="15" lastPageNumber="631" masterDocId="E57BFFB1FFBCBA10B412F760B226FFCE" masterDocTitle="Molossidae" masterLastPageNumber="672" masterPageNumber="598" pageNumber="631" updateTime="1661886293392" updateUser="felipe">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Molossidae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:originInfo>
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<mods:dateIssued>2019</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther type="pubDate">2019-10-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher>Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:place>
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<mods:placeTerm>Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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</mods:place>
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</mods:originInfo>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>598</mods:start>
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<mods:end>672</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>book chapter</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6418279</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">bc3766a8-d834-42d8-9b39-0612d00293ca</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISBN">978-84-16728-19-0</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">6418279</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6577237" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195583559" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6577237" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:194287C9FFB0BA1CB48AFB76BA17F8C9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/194287C9FFB0BA1CB48AFB76BA17F8C9" lastPageNumber="631" pageId="12" pageNumber="631">
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<heading pageId="12" pageNumber="631">
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<subSubSection box="[152,209,3094,3140]" pageId="12" pageNumber="631" type="multiple">
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<paragraph blockId="12.[150,1037,3094,3220]" box="[152,209,3094,3140]" pageId="12" pageNumber="631">
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<figureCitation box="[152,209,3094,3140]" captionStart="Plate 47: Molossidae" captionStartId="10.[133,163,3323,3348]" captionTargetBox="[16,2781,14,3654]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="22. Big Crested Mastiff Bat (Promops centralis), 23. Davison’s Mastiff Bat (Promops davisoni), 24. Brown Mastiff Bat (Promops nasutus), 25. Black Bonneted Bat (Eumops auripendulus), 26. Common Dwarf Bonneted Bat (Eumops bonariensis), 27. Chimera’s Bonneted Bat (Fumops chimaera), 28. Chiribaya’s Bonneted Bat (Eumops chiribaya), 29. Big Bonneted Bat (Eumops dabbener), 30. Delta Bonneted Bat (Eumops delticus), 31. Fierce Bonneted Bat (Fumops ferox), 32. Florida Bonneted Bat (FEumops floridanus), 33. Wagner's Bonneted Bat (Fumops glaucinus), 34. Sanborn’s Bonneted Bat (Eumops hansae), 35. Guianan Bonneted Bat (Eumops maurus), 36. Northern Dwarf Bonneted Bat (Fumops nanus), 37. Patagonian Dwarf Bonneted Bat (Eumops patagonicus), 38. Western Bonneted Bat (Eumops perotis), 39. Trumbull’s Bonneted Bat (Eumops trumbulli), 40. Underwood’s Bonneted Bat (Eumops underwoodi), 41. Wilson’s Bonneted Bat (Eumops wilsoni)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6567844" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6567844/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="631">31.</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[225,656,3094,3140]" pageId="12" pageNumber="631" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="12.[150,1037,3094,3220]" box="[225,656,3094,3140]" pageId="12" pageNumber="631">
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<vernacularName box="[225,656,3094,3140]" pageId="12" pageNumber="631">Fierce Bonneted Bat</vernacularName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[726,955,3094,3140]" pageId="12" pageNumber="631" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="12.[150,1037,3094,3220]" box="[726,955,3094,3140]" pageId="12" pageNumber="631">
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<taxonomicName authority="(Gundlach, 1861)" baseAuthorityName="Gundlach" baseAuthorityYear="1861" box="[726,955,3094,3140]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Eumops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="631" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ferox">
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<emphasis box="[726,955,3094,3140]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="631">Eumops ferox</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="631" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="12.[150,1037,3094,3220]" box="[151,1035,3159,3180]" pageId="12" pageNumber="631">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,227,3159,3180]" pageId="12" pageNumber="631">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[237,388,3159,3180]" pageId="12" pageNumber="631">Eumope féroce</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[409,500,3159,3180]" pageId="12" pageNumber="631">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[506,758,3159,3180]" pageId="12" pageNumber="631">Wilde Bulldogfledermaus</vernacularName>
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/ Spanish:
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<vernacularName box="[881,1035,3159,3180]" pageId="12" pageNumber="631">Eumops salvaje</vernacularName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="12.[150,1037,3094,3220]" box="[150,817,3199,3220]" pageId="12" pageNumber="631">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[150,398,3199,3220]" pageId="12" pageNumber="631">Other common names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[407,616,3199,3220]" pageId="12" pageNumber="631">Chestnut Mastiff Bat</vernacularName>
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,
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<vernacularName box="[627,817,3199,3220]" pageId="12" pageNumber="631">Wild Bonneted Bat</vernacularName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</heading>
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<subSubSection box="[150,885,3265,3298]" pageId="12" pageNumber="631" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph blockId="12.[149,1354,3265,3464]" box="[150,885,3265,3298]" pageId="12" pageNumber="631">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[150,308,3265,3298]" pageId="12" pageNumber="631">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authority="Gundlach" authorityName="Gundlach" authorityYear="1861" box="[321,656,3265,3298]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Molossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="631" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ferox">Molossus ferox Gundlach</taxonomicName>
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in Peters, 1861,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[898,1335,3265,3298]" pageId="12" pageNumber="631" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="12.[149,1354,3265,3464]" box="[898,1335,3265,3298]" pageId="12" pageNumber="631">
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3780789366" box="[898,1335,3265,3298]" pageId="12" pageNumber="631">
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“Fundador,” Camarioca,
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<collectingCountry box="[1255,1331,3265,3298]" name="Cuba" pageId="12" pageNumber="631">Cuba</collectingCountry>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="631" type="discussion">
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<paragraph blockId="12.[149,1354,3265,3464]" pageId="12" pageNumber="631">
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Gundlach" baseAuthorityYear="1861" box="[150,327,3304,3337]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Eumops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="631" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ferox">Eumops ferox</taxonomicName>
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was recently separated from the slightly larger
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Wagner" baseAuthorityYear="1843" box="[1040,1209,3304,3337]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Eumops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="631" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="glaucinus">E. glaucinus</taxonomicName>
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based on chromosomal and molecular differences. Monotypic.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="631" type="distribution">
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<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6772295" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6772295" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6772295/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="631" startId="12.[150,326,3387,3416]" targetBox="[1422,2013,277,692]" targetPageId="12">
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<paragraph blockId="12.[149,1354,3265,3464]" pageId="12" pageNumber="631">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[150,330,3387,3416]" pageId="12" pageNumber="631">Distribution.</emphasis>
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Patchily from C
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<collectingCountry box="[592,695,3387,3416]" name="Mexico" pageId="12" pageNumber="631">Mexico</collectingCountry>
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(S
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<collectingRegion box="[750,848,3387,3416]" country="Mexico" name="Jalisco" pageId="12" pageNumber="631">Jalisco</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingRegion box="[869,986,3387,3416]" country="Mexico" name="Morelos" pageId="12" pageNumber="631">Morelos</collectingRegion>
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, and N
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<collectingRegion box="[1112,1240,3387,3416]" country="Mexico" name="Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave" pageId="12" pageNumber="631">Veracruz</collectingRegion>
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) S into Central America and the Caribbean (
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<collectingCountry box="[688,765,3427,3456]" name="Cuba" pageId="12" pageNumber="631">Cuba</collectingCountry>
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and
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<collectingCountry box="[833,956,3427,3456]" name="Jamaica" pageId="12" pageNumber="631">Jamaica</collectingCountry>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="631" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="12.[2037,2632,266,693]" lastBlockId="12.[1419,2631,700,1799]" pageId="12" pageNumber="631">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[2037,2287,266,299]" pageId="12" pageNumber="631">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head—body 75-95 mm, tail 40-54 mm, ear 22-29 mm, hindfoot 10-15 mm, forearm 55-63 mm; weight 34-42 g.
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<collectingRegion box="[2187,2234,384,417]" country="South Sudan" name="Lakes" pageId="12" pageNumber="631">See</collectingRegion>
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general characteristics of the genus under the Black Bonneted Bat (
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Shaw" baseAuthorityYear="1800" box="[2050,2267,467,496]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Eumops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="631" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="auripendulus">E. auripendulus</taxonomicName>
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). Dorsal fur of the Fierce Bonneted Batis white at bases and brownish at tips, with some grayish tinge. Face and wings are black-brown. There are long, bristly hairs on toes of hindfoot. Upper lip covers sides of lower lip and is oblique to nostrils, creating flat spot between mouth and muzzle. Ears are finely haired. Tragus is square-shaped and broad. Eyes are almost covered by ears. It has welldeveloped semi-oval basisphenoid and curved incisors. Chromosomal complement has 2n = 38 and FN = 62 or 64.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="631" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="12.[1419,2631,700,1799]" pageId="12" pageNumber="631">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1425,1536,866,891]" pageId="12" pageNumber="631">Habitat.</emphasis>
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Lowland evergreen forests, deciduous forests, thorn scrub, and urban areas up to elevations of ¢.
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<quantity box="[1712,1804,897,930]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="631" unit="m" value="900.0">900 m</quantity>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[1425,2596,937,970]" pageId="12" pageNumber="631" type="food_feeding">
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<paragraph blockId="12.[1419,2631,700,1799]" box="[1425,2596,937,970]" pageId="12" pageNumber="631">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1425,1686,937,970]" pageId="12" pageNumber="631">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
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Fierce Bonneted Bats prey on beetles, moths, and orthopterans.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="631" type="breeding">
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<paragraph blockId="12.[1419,2631,700,1799]" pageId="12" pageNumber="631">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1425,1561,976,1009]" pageId="12" pageNumber="631">Breeding.</emphasis>
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On the Yucatan Peninsula of Mexico, pregnant Fierce Bonneted Bats were found from late April to June, with lactating females from late June to July. Pregnant females and subadults were documented in July in
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<collectingCountry box="[2175,2293,1055,1088]" name="Jamaica" pageId="12" pageNumber="631">Jamaica</collectingCountry>
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. In
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<collectingCountry box="[2357,2432,1055,1088]" name="Cuba" pageId="12" pageNumber="631">Cuba</collectingCountry>
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, pregnant females were found in September—October, with lactating females in July and September—November, post-lactating females in April and September—-November, non-reproductively active females in March and September—October, juveniles in June-July and September—October, and subadults in April and September—November, which suggests polyestry.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="631" type="activity">
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<paragraph blockId="12.[1419,2631,700,1799]" pageId="12" pageNumber="631">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1424,1658,1292,1325]" pageId="12" pageNumber="631">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
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Fierce Bonneted Bats are primarily active during first two hours after sunset, with secondary peak before sunrise. There are reports of foraging over water before midnight. It flies in clearings and near water, such as ponds and swimming pools, and roosts in caves, tree hollows, and roofs of houses.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="631" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="12.[1419,2631,700,1799]" pageId="12" pageNumber="631">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1425,2163,1450,1483]" pageId="12" pageNumber="631">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
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Colonies of up to 32 individuals have been reported in
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<collectingCountry box="[1822,1899,1489,1522]" name="Cuba" pageId="12" pageNumber="631">Cuba</collectingCountry>
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. The Fierce Bonneted Bat reportedly roosts with Jamaican Fruit-eating Bats (Artibeus jamaicensis), Parnell’s Common Mustached Bats (Pteronotus parnellit), Waterhouse’s Leaf-nosed Bats (Macrotus waterhousii), Leach’s Single-leaf Bats (Monophyllus redmanz), and Big Free-tailed Bats (
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<taxonomicName authorityName="J. E. Gray" authorityYear="1839" box="[2335,2618,1607,1640]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Nyctinomops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="631" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macrotis">Nyctinomops macrotis</taxonomicName>
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) In
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<collectingCountry box="[1457,1576,1646,1679]" name="Jamaica" pageId="12" pageNumber="631">Jamaica</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[1425,2267,1690,1719]" pageId="12" pageNumber="631" type="conservation">
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<paragraph blockId="12.[1419,2631,700,1799]" box="[1425,2267,1690,1719]" pageId="12" pageNumber="631">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1425,1774,1690,1719]" pageId="12" pageNumber="631">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
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<collectingRegion box="[1786,1839,1690,1719]" country="Cameroon" name="North" pageId="12" pageNumber="631">Not</collectingRegion>
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assessed on The IUCN Red Lust.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="631" type="bibRefCitation_list">
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<paragraph blockId="12.[1419,2631,700,1799]" pageId="12" pageNumber="631">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1426,1579,1734,1759]" pageId="12" pageNumber="631">Bibliography.</emphasis>
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Baker et al. (2009), Bowles et al. (1990), Eger (1977, 2008), Genoways et al. (2005), McDonough et al. (2008), Ortega (2014), Reid (1997), Silva-Taboada (1979).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |