181 lines
15 KiB
XML
181 lines
15 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6418279" ID-GBIF-Dataset="bc3766a8-d834-42d8-9b39-0612d00293ca" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-19-0" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6418279" checkinTime="1600873888554" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier" docDate="2019" docId="194287C9FF93BA20B1BEF06EB11EFD9F" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_9_Molossidae_598.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Tadarida insignis Blyth 1862" docType="treatment" docVersion="13" lastPageNumber="667" masterDocId="E57BFFB1FFBCBA10B412F760B226FFCE" masterDocTitle="Molossidae" masterLastPageNumber="672" masterPageNumber="598" pageNumber="666" updateTime="1661886293392" updateUser="felipe">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Molossidae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:originInfo>
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<mods:dateIssued>2019</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther type="pubDate">2019-10-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher>Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:place>
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<mods:placeTerm>Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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</mods:place>
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</mods:originInfo>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>598</mods:start>
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<mods:end>672</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>book chapter</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6418279</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">bc3766a8-d834-42d8-9b39-0612d00293ca</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISBN">978-84-16728-19-0</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">6418279</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6418878" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195583678" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6418878" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:194287C9FF93BA20B1BEF06EB11EFD9F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/194287C9FF93BA20B1BEF06EB11EFD9F" lastPageId="48" lastPageNumber="667" pageId="47" pageNumber="666">
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<heading pageId="47" pageNumber="666">
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<subSubSection box="[1452,1532,1806,1852]" pageId="47" pageNumber="666" type="multiple">
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<paragraph blockId="47.[1448,2518,1806,1932]" box="[1452,1532,1806,1852]" pageId="47" pageNumber="666">
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<figureCitation box="[1452,1532,1806,1852]" captionStart="On" captionStartId="44.[151,181,3247,3272]" captionTargetBox="[16,2784,13,3655]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="On following pages: 105. Roberts's Flat-headed Bat (Sauromys petrophilus); 106. Brazilian Free-tailed Bat (Tadarida brasiliensis); 107. European Free-tailed Bat (7adarida teniotis); 108. Egyptian Free-tailed Bat (7adarida aegyptiaca); 109. Kenyan Big-eared Free-tailed Bat (Tadarida lobata); 110. African Giant Free-tailed Bat (Tadarida ventralis); 111. Malagasy Free-tailed Bat (7adarida fulminans); 112. East Asian Free-tailed Bat (7adarida insignis); 113. La Touche's Free-tailed Bat (Tadarida latouchei); 114. New Guinea Free-tailed Bat (Austronomus kuboriensis); 115. White-striped Free-tailed Bat (Austronomus australis); 116. East Coast Free-tailed Bat (Micronomus norfolkensis); 117. Beccari's Free-tailed Bat (Ozimops beccaril); 118. Northern Coastal Free-tailed Bat (Ozimops cobourgianus); 119. Cape York Free-tailed Bat (Ozimops hall); 120. South-western Free-tailed Bat (Ozimops kitchener); 121. Loria’s Free-tailed Bat (Ozimops loriae); 122. Lumsden'’s Free-tailed Bat (Ozimops lumsdenae); 123. Inland Free-tailed Bat (Ozimops petersi); 124. Southern Free-tailed Bat (Ozimops planiceps); 125. Ride's Free-tailed Bat (Ozimops ride); 126. Hairy-nosed Free-tailed Bat (Setirostris eleryi)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6567964" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6567964/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="666">112.</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[1549,2077,1806,1852]" pageId="47" pageNumber="666" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="47.[1448,2518,1806,1932]" box="[1549,2077,1806,1852]" pageId="47" pageNumber="666">
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<vernacularName box="[1549,2077,1806,1852]" pageId="47" pageNumber="666">East Asian Free-tailed Bat</vernacularName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[2151,2464,1806,1852]" pageId="47" pageNumber="666" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="47.[1448,2518,1806,1932]" box="[2151,2464,1806,1852]" pageId="47" pageNumber="666">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Blyth" authorityYear="1862" box="[2151,2464,1806,1852]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Tadarida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="666" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="insignis">
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<emphasis box="[2151,2464,1806,1852]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="666">Tadarida insignis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="47" pageNumber="666" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="47.[1448,2518,1806,1932]" box="[1449,2517,1871,1892]" pageId="47" pageNumber="666">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1449,1525,1871,1892]" pageId="47" pageNumber="666">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[1530,1677,1871,1892]" pageId="47" pageNumber="666">Tadaride d’Asie</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1699,1789,1871,1892]" pageId="47" pageNumber="666">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[1799,2128,1871,1892]" pageId="47" pageNumber="666">Ostasiatische Bulldogfledermaus</vernacularName>
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/ Spanish: Murciélago rabudo de Asia
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="47.[1448,2518,1806,1932]" box="[1449,1936,1910,1931]" pageId="47" pageNumber="666">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1449,1696,1910,1931]" pageId="47" pageNumber="666">Other common names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[1705,1936,1910,1931]" pageId="47" pageNumber="666">
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<collectingRegion box="[1705,1782,1910,1931]" country="Saudi Arabia" name="Ash Sharqiyah" pageId="47" pageNumber="666">Oriental</collectingRegion>
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Free-tailed Bat
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</vernacularName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</heading>
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<subSubSection box="[2061,2652,1977,2010]" pageId="47" pageNumber="666" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph blockId="47.[2060,2654,1977,2404]" box="[2061,2652,1977,2010]" pageId="47" pageNumber="666">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[2061,2216,1977,2010]" pageId="47" pageNumber="666">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authority="Blyth, 1862" authorityName="Blyth" authorityYear="1862" box="[2227,2647,1977,2010]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Nyctinomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="666" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="insignis">Nyctinomus insignis Blyth, 1862</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="47" pageNumber="666" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="47.[2060,2654,1977,2404]" pageId="47" pageNumber="666">
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3780789348" pageId="47" pageNumber="666">
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Amoy [= Xiamen],” south-eastern
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<collectingRegion country="China" name="Fujian" pageId="47" pageNumber="666">Fujian Province</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[2202,2288,2064,2089]" name="China" pageId="47" pageNumber="666">China</collectingCountry>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[2061,2423,2095,2128]" pageId="47" pageNumber="666" type="discussion">
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<paragraph blockId="47.[2060,2654,1977,2404]" box="[2061,2423,2095,2128]" pageId="47" pageNumber="666">This species is monotypic.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="47" pageNumber="666" type="distribution">
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<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6567932" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6567932" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6567932/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="666" targetBox="[1446,2037,1998,2404]" targetPageId="47">
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<paragraph blockId="47.[2060,2654,1977,2404]" pageId="47" pageNumber="666">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[2061,2237,2135,2168]" pageId="47" pageNumber="666">Distribution.</emphasis>
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Widespread through C & S
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<collectingCountry box="[2091,2176,2183,2208]" name="China" pageId="47" pageNumber="666">China</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[2197,2295,2183,2208]" name="Taiwan" pageId="47" pageNumber="666">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
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I, Korean Peninsula, SE Russian Far East, and
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<collectingCountry box="[2363,2450,2213,2246]" name="Japan" pageId="47" pageNumber="666">Japan</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="47" pageNumber="666" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="47.[2060,2654,1977,2404]" lastBlockId="47.[1446,2653,2410,3469]" pageId="47" pageNumber="666">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[2061,2347,2253,2286]" pageId="47" pageNumber="666">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head-body 82-102 mm, tail 48-60 mm, ear 31-34 mm, hindfoot 10-15 mm (with claw), forearm 57-65 mm; weight 15-20 g. Fur is dense and velvety and hairs in middle of back are 8-10 mm long; dorsalfuris black-gray with slightly frosted appearance in some lights because bases are paler than tips; ventral fur is gray or white-gray. Lip is wrinkled and muzzle projects beyond upperlip to generate an “overbite” appearance. There are horny excrescences on rhinarium. Ears are very large, project anteriorly beyond eyes and face, and are joined at anterior bases. Braincase is high, and palatal emargination is deep, longer than wide. Dental formula 8512/3, C1/1,P 2/2 M3/3 (52) = 32.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[1448,2051,2686,2719]" pageId="47" pageNumber="666" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="47.[1446,2653,2410,3469]" box="[1448,2051,2686,2719]" pageId="47" pageNumber="666">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1448,1559,2686,2719]" pageId="47" pageNumber="666">Habitat.</emphasis>
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Woodlands and agricultural lands.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="47" pageNumber="666" type="food_feeding">
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<paragraph blockId="47.[1446,2653,2410,3469]" pageId="47" pageNumber="666">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1448,1712,2726,2759]" pageId="47" pageNumber="666">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
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The East Asian Free-tailed Bat is an aerial insectivore, foraging in open spaces above woodlands, agriculture, and open water. Diet comprises a large proportion of
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<taxonomicName box="[1653,1829,2805,2838]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="666" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Lepidoptera</taxonomicName>
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, which conforms to expected consumption of soft-bodied prey based on skull morphology.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="47" pageNumber="666" type="breeding">
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<paragraph blockId="47.[1446,2653,2410,3469]" pageId="47" pageNumber="666">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1448,1582,2884,2917]" pageId="47" pageNumber="666">Breeding.</emphasis>
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In
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<collectingCountry box="[1624,1711,2884,2917]" name="Japan" pageId="47" pageNumber="666">Japan</collectingCountry>
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, maternity colonies comprising several hundred adult and subadult females and subadult males exist from May to September, with births between July and August.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="47" pageNumber="666" type="activity">
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<paragraph blockId="47.[1446,2653,2410,3469]" pageId="47" pageNumber="666">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1446,1684,3002,3035]" pageId="47" pageNumber="666">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
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Roosts are known from caves and crevices in large rocks facing the sea. In
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<collectingCountry box="[1549,1633,3041,3074]" name="Japan" pageId="47" pageNumber="666">Japan</collectingCountry>
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and
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<collectingCountry box="[1713,1813,3041,3074]" name="Taiwan" pageId="47" pageNumber="666">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
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, East Asian Free-tailed Bats are occasionally synanthropic, roosting in buildings. In
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<collectingCountry box="[1802,1886,3081,3114]" name="Japan" pageId="47" pageNumber="666">Japan</collectingCountry>
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during summer, East Asian Free-tailed Bats emerged ¢.30 minutes after sunset, and most bats seldom returned to the roosts until just before sunrise. Echolocation calls are very low-frequency narrowband, in which an initial shallow FM sweep leads to a longer QCF component. Calls are often audible, with a frequency of maximum energy at 13-5-15-3 kHz.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="48" lastPageNumber="667" pageId="47" pageNumber="666" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="47.[1446,2653,2410,3469]" lastBlockId="48.[140,1345,284,595]" lastPageId="48" lastPageNumber="667" pageId="47" pageNumber="666">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1447,2156,3278,3311]" pageId="47" pageNumber="666">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
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The East Asian Free-tailed Bat has been found hibernating in
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<collectingCountry box="[1822,1906,3318,3351]" name="Japan" pageId="47" pageNumber="666">Japan</collectingCountry>
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and is likely to doso elsewhere, but hibernacula have not been described. In
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<collectingCountry box="[1770,1857,3357,3390]" name="Japan" pageId="47" pageNumber="666">Japan</collectingCountry>
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, it has also been observed foraging during winter. It flies fast and high, and probably disperses to forage several kilometers from the roost. It appears to be a gregarious species, living in colonies of several hundred individuals. A large colony of 500 individuals roosted in the space between inner and outer walls of a school house. It forms distinct maternity colonies.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="48" pageNumber="667" type="conservation">
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<paragraph blockId="48.[140,1345,284,595]" pageId="48" pageNumber="667">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[141,487,363,396]" pageId="48" pageNumber="667">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
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Classified as Data Deficient on The IUCN Red List. Although it has been recorded over a very wide area, there is very little information on population status, threats, ecological and habitat requirements, and the species is poorly known. Cave disturbance, tourism, and quarrying threaten the species in
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<collectingCountry box="[1062,1148,481,514]" name="China" pageId="48" pageNumber="667">China</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="48" pageNumber="667" type="bibRefCitation_list">
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<paragraph blockId="48.[140,1345,284,595]" pageId="48" pageNumber="667">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[141,294,528,553]" pageId="48" pageNumber="667">Bibliography.</emphasis>
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Cheng Hsichi et al. (2017), Freeman (1981), Funakoshi & Yamamoto (2001), Maeda et al. (2008), Ohdachi et al. (2009), Smith & Xie Yan (2008), Yoshiyuki (1989).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |