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<document id="6DED65DBAFB66BAD7EB760A79519AB47" ID-CLB-Dataset="45436" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.211122" ID-GBIF-Dataset="344f8458-2c80-43b3-a96b-3aca02033f88" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="211122" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460439637460" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Kohlmann, Bert &amp; Solís, Ángel" docDate="2012" docId="7C0D87B7FFBCFFAC8987FC478DB9F1C4" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03193p052.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3193" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Coprophanaeus gephyra Kohlmann &amp; Solis, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="41" masterDocId="8034FFCFFFB0FFA18910FFC18D46F523" masterDocTitle="New species and revalidations of scarab beetles (Coleoptera: Geotrupidae: Athyreini and Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) from Costa Rica and Panama" masterLastPageNumber="52" masterPageNumber="28" pageNumber="40" updateTime="1698332701623" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="45926E911827E5893826ED0AE0B0EDC8" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:title id="3A6FED191542C2816C36668383DC21B4">New species and revalidations of scarab beetles (Coleoptera: Geotrupidae: Athyreini and Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) from Costa Rica and Panama</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="A6982C7A7F4E8418F4FE61E7C7BBED3D" type="personal">
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="E983C86137BF0DDE9E3CFC8B5D022FEA">Kohlmann, Bert</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="B5F1B24048AD6E45582693500786316A">Solís, Ángel</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="CD6DD5650083CD7729B48640B140AF0B">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="0F82B303BA3F20938C132CBB22529E75">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="7AB9ADF012117B470F347876A38AB97A">
<mods:date id="795D2F34C81CF22197C0A7FC094AF704">2012</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="CB0700C4BACE8466CEBECADC868AF3DB" type="volume">
<mods:number id="DA92AFE6FE2909E45FB8B463D9792B3D">3193</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="1C68A96FBA847B32045A91053FB9E3AD">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="7BD317CC70705E860530B347CF3BCF86" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.211122</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
<treatment id="7C0D87B7FFBCFFAC8987FC478DB9F1C4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6168318" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119507514" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6168318" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7C0D87B7FFBCFFAC8987FC478DB9F1C4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7C0D87B7FFBCFFAC8987FC478DB9F1C4" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="41" pageId="12" pageNumber="40">
<subSubSection id="BCBE652AFFBCFFAD8987FC478C02F6E2" pageId="12" pageNumber="40" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="F41B36A1FFBCFFAD8987FC478E0BF683" blockId="12.[151,845,902,961]" box="[151,845,902,928]" pageId="12" pageNumber="40">
<heading id="AF5381CDFFBCFFAD8987FC478E0BF683" bold="true" box="[151,845,902,928]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="40" reason="1">
<emphasis id="C6D0EAB3FFBCFFAD8987FC478E0BF683" bold="true" box="[151,845,902,928]" pageId="12" pageNumber="40">
<taxonomicName id="33A44D22FFBCFFAD8987FC478FF6F683" ID-CoL="7ZMPF" authority="Kohlmann &amp; Solis" authorityName="Kohlmann &amp; Solis" box="[151,688,902,928]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Coprophanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gephyra" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="C6D0EAB3FFBCFFAD8987FC478C86F683" bold="true" box="[151,448,902,928]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="40">Coprophanaeus gephyra</emphasis>
Kohlmann &amp; Solís
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="DDE357C8FFBCFFAD8BADFC478E0BF683" box="[701,845,902,928]" pageId="12" pageNumber="40" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F41B36A1FFBCFFAD8987FC688C02F6E2" blockId="12.[151,845,902,961]" box="[151,324,937,961]" pageId="12" pageNumber="40">
<figureCitation id="6C9F2A24FFBCFFAD8987FC688DB5F6E2" box="[151,243,937,961]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1980,2003]" captionTargetBox="[361,1234,1173,1943]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[340,1246,1165,1978]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 10. Dorsal habitus of males of six species of Coprophanaeus. a. C. kohlmanni; b. C. morenoi; c. C. gephyra Kohlmann &amp; Solís, new species (holotype); d. C. uhleri; e. C. chiriquensis; f. C. gilli." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211131/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="40">Figs. 10</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="6C9F2A24FFBCFFAD89EFFC688C5AF6E2" box="[255,284,937,961]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1648,1671]" captionTargetBox="[245,1328,623,1596]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[241,1343,607,1608]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 11. Shape of the male transversal pronotal protuberance in a. Coprophanaeus gephyra Kohlmann &amp; Solís, new species; b. C. morenoi; c. C. kohlmanni." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211132/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="40">11</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="6C9F2A24FFBCFFAD8838FC688C02F6E2" box="[296,324,937,961]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1794,1817]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,1022,1770]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[340,1247,1022,1770]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 16. Known distribution of Coprophanaeus kohlmanni (circles), C. gephyra Kohlmann &amp; Solís, new species (triangles), and C. morenoi in Central America (square, arrow indicates more records of this species in Colombia and Ecuador). Base map from Google Maps." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211137/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="40">16</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="BCBE652AFFBCFFAD8987FC2A8E19F1B7" pageId="12" pageNumber="40" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="F41B36A1FFBCFFAD8987FC2A8E19F1B7" blockId="12.[151,1436,1003,1172]" pageId="12" pageNumber="40">
<emphasis id="C6D0EAB3FFBCFFAD8987FC2A8C57F127" bold="true" box="[151,273,1003,1028]" pageId="12" pageNumber="40">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
This species is distinguished from other species of the
<taxonomicName id="33A44D22FFBCFFAD8A65FC2C8E88F127" box="[885,974,1004,1028]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Coprophanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pluto">
<emphasis id="C6D0EAB3FFBCFFAD8A65FC2C8ECEF127" box="[885,904,1005,1028]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="40">C</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="C6D0EAB3FFBCFFAD8A85FC2D8E88F127" box="[917,974,1004,1028]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="40">pluto</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species group by the following combination of characters: Length of male frons more than twice that of clypeus (in females one-half times that of clypeus); posterior portion of paraocular area smooth; pronotal transverse ridge quadrilobate with lobes linked by thick carina (
<figureCitation id="6C9F2A24FFBCFFAD89FEFB968C0BF14C" box="[238,333,1111,1135]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1980,2003]" captionTargetBox="[361,1234,1173,1943]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[340,1246,1165,1978]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 10. Dorsal habitus of males of six species of Coprophanaeus. a. C. kohlmanni; b. C. morenoi; c. C. gephyra Kohlmann &amp; Solís, new species (holotype); d. C. uhleri; e. C. chiriquensis; f. C. gilli." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211131/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="40">Figs. 10</figureCitation>
c, 11a); basal pronotal fossae effaced; elytral interstriae flat; pygidium with wide basal groove; parameres viewed dorsally with wide, flattened subapical teeth.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="A0DB6629FFBCFFAD8987F87D8E80F2D2" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211131/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="40" targetBox="[361,1234,1173,1943]" targetPageId="12">
<paragraph id="F41B36A1FFBCFFAD8987F87D8E80F2D2" blockId="12.[151,1436,1980,2033]" pageId="12" pageNumber="40">
<emphasis id="C6D0EAB3FFBCFFAD8987F87D8C66F2F1" bold="true" box="[151,288,1980,2003]" pageId="12" pageNumber="40">FIGURE 10.</emphasis>
Dorsal habitus of males of six species of
<taxonomicName id="33A44D22FFBCFFAD8BC2F87C8E35F2F0" box="[722,883,1981,2003]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Coprophanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C6D0EAB3FFBCFFAD8BC2F87C8E35F2F0" box="[722,883,1981,2003]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="40">Coprophanaeus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. a.
<taxonomicName id="33A44D22FFBCFFAD8A8AF87C8965F2F0" box="[922,1059,1981,2003]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Coprophanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kohlmanni">
<emphasis id="C6D0EAB3FFBCFFAD8A8AF87C8965F2F0" box="[922,1059,1981,2003]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="40">C. kohlmanni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; b.
<emphasis id="C6D0EAB3FFBCFFAD8D5CF87C8981F2F0" box="[1100,1223,1981,2003]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="40">
<taxonomicName id="33A44D22FFBCFFAD8D5CF87C8986F2F0" box="[1100,1216,1981,2003]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Coprophanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morenoi">C. morenoi</taxonomicName>
;
</emphasis>
c.
<taxonomicName id="33A44D22FFBCFFAD8DF8F87C8C63F2D2" authority="Kohlmann &amp; Solis" authorityName="Kohlmann &amp; Solis" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Coprophanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gephyra" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="C6D0EAB3FFBCFFAD8DF8F87C881FF2F0" box="[1256,1369,1981,2003]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="40">C. gephyra</emphasis>
Kohlmann &amp; Solís
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="DDE357C8FFBCFFAD883FF81D8CEEF2D2" box="[303,424,2011,2033]" pageId="12" pageNumber="40" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
(holotype); d.
<taxonomicName id="33A44D22FFBCFFAD8B2FF81D8FDEF2D2" box="[575,664,2011,2033]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Coprophanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="uhleri">
<emphasis id="C6D0EAB3FFBCFFAD8B2FF81D8FDEF2D2" box="[575,664,2011,2033]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="40">C. uhleri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; e.
<taxonomicName id="33A44D22FFBCFFAD8BAEF81D8E11F2D2" box="[702,855,2011,2033]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Coprophanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chiriquensis">
<emphasis id="C6D0EAB3FFBCFFAD8BAEF81D8E11F2D2" box="[702,855,2011,2033]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="40">C. chiriquensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; f.
<taxonomicName id="33A44D22FFBCFFAD8A6AF81D8E86F2D2" box="[890,960,2011,2033]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Coprophanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gilli">
<emphasis id="C6D0EAB3FFBCFFAD8A6AF81D8E86F2D2" box="[890,960,2011,2033]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="40">C. gilli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="BCBE652AFFBDFFAC89D7FF5689CDF4D7" pageId="13" pageNumber="41" type="description">
<paragraph id="F41B36A1FFBDFFAC89D7FF568863F58C" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,1255]" box="[199,1317,151,176]" pageId="13" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="C6D0EAB3FFBDFFAC89D7FF568C95F593" bold="true" box="[199,467,151,176]" pageId="13" pageNumber="41">
Description.
<typeStatus id="2B1F8803FFBDFFAC884FFF598C88F593" box="[351,462,152,176]" pageId="13" pageNumber="41" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
Male (
<figureCitation id="6C9F2A24FFBDFFAC8B33FF568F30F58C" box="[547,630,151,175]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1980,2003]" captionTargetBox="[361,1234,1173,1943]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[340,1246,1165,1978]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 10. Dorsal habitus of males of six species of Coprophanaeus. a. C. kohlmanni; b. C. morenoi; c. C. gephyra Kohlmann &amp; Solís, new species (holotype); d. C. uhleri; e. C. chiriquensis; f. C. gilli." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211131/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="41">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
c): Length
<quantity id="335C9B44FFBDFFAC8BFEFF568E06F58C" box="[750,832,151,175]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="13" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="19.0">19 mm</quantity>
. Humeral width
<quantity id="335C9B44FFBDFFAC8AEAFF56890AF58C" box="[1018,1100,151,175]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="13" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="13.0">13 mm</quantity>
. Completely black.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F41B36A1FFBDFFAC89D7FF7D8EB8F41C" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,1255]" pageId="13" pageNumber="41">
Transversal frontal carina low and trituberculate. Transverse protuberance on pronotum quadrilobate with lobes linked by thick carina (
<figureCitation id="6C9F2A24FFBDFFAC88CAFF1E8F6AF5D4" box="[474,556,223,247]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1980,2003]" captionTargetBox="[361,1234,1173,1943]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[340,1246,1165,1978]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 10. Dorsal habitus of males of six species of Coprophanaeus. a. C. kohlmanni; b. C. morenoi; c. C. gephyra Kohlmann &amp; Solís, new species (holotype); d. C. uhleri; e. C. chiriquensis; f. C. gilli." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211131/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="41">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
c); protuberance flanked by broad concavities; declivitous surface of pronotum beneath protuberance smooth, devoid of sculpturing. Tooth-like projection in the middle of the basal margin of the pygidium. The parameres of the aedeagus have their teeth backwards hooked.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F41B36A1FFBDFFAC89D7FE8A8E8FF48F" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,1255]" pageId="13" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="C6D0EAB3FFBDFFAC89D7FE8A8CDEF447" bold="true" box="[199,408,331,356]" pageId="13" pageNumber="41">Allotype. Female.</emphasis>
Length
<quantity id="335C9B44FFBDFFAC88E5FE8D8F01F447" box="[501,583,332,356]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="13" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="18.0">18 mm</quantity>
. Humeral width 12.5 mm. Similar to male, but allotype has a low and feeble frontal carina; transverse pronotal carina broadly obtuse, vaguely indented at anterior median edge; surface behind carina shallowly concave, transverse depression summit weakly bitumid.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F41B36A1FFBDFFAC89D7FE7689CDF4D7" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,1255]" pageId="13" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="C6D0EAB3FFBDFFAC89D7FE768C7DF4F3" bold="true" box="[199,315,439,464]" pageId="13" pageNumber="41">Variation.</emphasis>
Six specimens examined, four males and two females. Length
<quantity id="335C9B44FFBDFFAC8D07FE7689D3F4EC" box="[1047,1173,439,463]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="13" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="19.0" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="18.0">18–20 mm</quantity>
. Humeral width
<quantity id="335C9B44FFBDFFAC8C46FE768D80F4D7" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.3" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="13" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="12.5" valueMax="13.0" valueMin="12.0">12–13 mm</quantity>
. In smaller males the transverse pronotal protuberance is only evident as a thickening.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="BCBE652AFFBDFFAC89D7FE3E89EAF15F" pageId="13" pageNumber="41" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="F41B36A1FFBDFFAC89D7FE3E8E94F7EF" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,1255]" pageId="13" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="C6D0EAB3FFBDFFAC89D7FE3E8CEBF73B" bold="true" box="[199,429,511,536]" pageId="13" pageNumber="41">Examined material</emphasis>
(
<specimenCount id="E2A2FD28FFBDFFAC88ADFE3E8F0CF734" box="[445,586,511,535]" pageId="13" pageNumber="41" type="generic">6 specimens</specimenCount>
).
<emphasis id="C6D0EAB3FFBDFFAC8B70FDC18F92F73B" bold="true" box="[608,724,512,536]" pageId="13" pageNumber="41">
<typeStatus id="2B1F8803FFBDFFAC8B70FDC18F89F73B" box="[608,719,512,536]" pageId="13" pageNumber="41" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
,
</emphasis>
male:
<collectingCountry id="8CB37631FFBDFFAC8A32FDC18EDBF73B" box="[802,925,512,536]" name="Panama" pageId="13" pageNumber="41">PANAMA</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingCountry id="8CB37631FFBDFFAC8AB8FDC18945F734" box="[936,1027,512,535]" name="Panama" pageId="13" pageNumber="41">Panama</collectingCountry>
, Cerro Campana (Capira), 0
<geoCoordinate id="91905066FFBDFFAC8C53FE3E88D1F734" box="[1347,1431,511,536]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="41" precision="925" value="8.733334">8°44’N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="91905066FFBDFFAC8987FDE58DB8F71F" box="[151,254,548,572]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="41" precision="925" value="-79.95">79°57’W</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="801A1061FFBDFFAC881CFDE58CDCF71F" box="[268,410,548,572]" pageId="13" pageNumber="41" value="1995-06-05">
5 June
<quantity id="335C9B44FFBDFFAC884FFDE58CDCF71F" box="[351,410,548,572]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.99579" pageId="13" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="1995.79">1995</quantity>
</date>
, 790 m, J. Ashe, R, Brooks, #129, ex: flight intercept trap.
<emphasis id="C6D0EAB3FFBDFFAC8D5CFDE289F7F71F" bold="true" box="[1100,1201,547,572]" pageId="13" pageNumber="41">Allotype</emphasis>
, female:
<collectingCountry id="8CB37631FFBDFFAC8C0EFDE588DFF71F" box="[1310,1433,548,572]" name="Panama" pageId="13" pageNumber="41">PANAMA</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingCountry id="8CB37631FFBDFFAC8987FD868DB5F77C" box="[151,243,583,607]" name="Panama" pageId="13" pageNumber="41">Panamá</collectingCountry>
. Chepo Carti Rd., B. Gill,
<quantity id="335C9B44FFBDFFAC8B0BFD868F22F77C" box="[539,612,583,607]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="400.0">400 m</quantity>
,
<date id="801A1061FFBDFFAC8B7FFD868E7CF77C" box="[623,826,583,607]" pageId="13" pageNumber="41" value="1982-06-24" valueMax="1982-07-30" valueMin="1982-06-24">24 VI – 30 VII 82</date>
, Flt. intercept.
<emphasis id="C6D0EAB3FFBDFFAC8AF2FD898927F743" bold="true" box="[994,1121,584,608]" pageId="13" pageNumber="41">
<typeStatus id="2B1F8803FFBDFFAC8AF2FD89891AF743" box="[994,1116,584,608]" pageId="13" pageNumber="41" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="8CB37631FFBDFFAC8D78FD8989A5F743" box="[1128,1251,584,608]" name="Panama" pageId="13" pageNumber="41">PANAMA</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingCountry id="8CB37631FFBDFFAC8DFCFD86880EF77C" box="[1260,1352,583,607]" name="Panama" pageId="13" pageNumber="41">Panamá</collectingCountry>
. Chepo Carti Rd.,
<date id="801A1061FFBDFFAC881FFDAD8C8BF7A7" box="[271,461,620,644]" pageId="13" pageNumber="41" value="1982-06-24" valueMax="1982-07-30" valueMin="1982-06-24">24 VI-30 VII 82</date>
, B. Gill,
<quantity id="335C9B44FFBDFFAC8B27FDAD8FC7F7A7" box="[567,641,620,644]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="400.0">400 m</quantity>
, Flt. Intercept,
<specimenCount id="E2A2FD28FFBDFFAC8A20FDAD8EC7F7A7" box="[816,897,620,644]" pageId="13" pageNumber="41" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
;
<date id="801A1061FFBDFFAC8A9DFDAD896CF7A7" box="[909,1066,620,644]" pageId="13" pageNumber="41" value="1982-06-06" valueMax="1982-06-24" valueMin="1982-06-06">6-24 VI 1982</date>
, B. Gill,
<quantity id="335C9B44FFBDFFAC8D84FDAD8999F7A7" box="[1172,1247,620,644]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="400.0">400 m</quantity>
, Flt. Intercept,
<specimenCount id="E2A2FD28FFBDFFAC8C9EFDAD8D97F784" pageId="13" pageNumber="41" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
. Canal Zone. Madden Forest,
<date id="801A1061FFBDFFAC8B3CFD4E8FFEF784" box="[556,696,655,679]" pageId="13" pageNumber="41" value="1977-06-10" valueMax="1977-06-13" valueMin="1977-06-10">10-13.VI.77</date>
, S. Peck, carrion tps.,
<specimenCount id="E2A2FD28FFBDFFAC8AABFD4E8964F784" box="[955,1058,655,679]" pageId="13" pageNumber="41" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
. Colón.
<quantity id="335C9B44FFBDFFAC8D92FD4E8988F784" box="[1154,1230,655,679]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="13" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="270.0">270 m</quantity>
,
<quantity id="335C9B44FFBDFFAC8DCBFD4E8858F784" box="[1243,1310,655,679]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.609344" pageId="13" pageNumber="41" unit="mi" value="10.0">10 mi</quantity>
SE Colón, Santa Rita Ridge,
<date id="801A1061FFBDFFAC8873FD758CABF7EF" box="[355,493,692,716]" pageId="13" pageNumber="41" value="1977-06-10" valueMax="1977-06-12" valueMin="1977-06-10">10-12.VI.77</date>
, S. Peck, carrion tps. Flt. Intercept,
<specimenCount id="E2A2FD28FFBDFFAC8A6FFD758E88F7EF" box="[895,974,692,716]" pageId="13" pageNumber="41" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F41B36A1FFBDFFAC89D7FD168CA1F637" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,1255]" pageId="13" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="C6D0EAB3FFBDFFAC89D7FD168C6CF7D3" bold="true" box="[199,298,727,752]" pageId="13" pageNumber="41">Habitat.</emphasis>
Tropical moist forest, altitudinal distribution
<quantity id="335C9B44FFBDFFAC8A50FD168E82F7CC" box="[832,964,727,751]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.55" metricValueMax="7.9" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="13" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="455.0" valueMax="790.0" valueMin="120.0">120–790 m</quantity>
, collected from June to July, with flight interception and carrion traps.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F41B36A1FFBDFFAC89D7FCDE8FA8F67F" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,1255]" pageId="13" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="C6D0EAB3FFBDFFAC89D7FCDE8F29F61B" bold="true" box="[199,623,799,824]" pageId="13" pageNumber="41">
Geographical distribution (
<figureCitation id="6C9F2A24FFBDFFAC8B1CFCDE8F26F61B" box="[524,608,799,824]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1794,1817]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,1022,1770]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[340,1247,1022,1770]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 16. Known distribution of Coprophanaeus kohlmanni (circles), C. gephyra Kohlmann &amp; Solís, new species (triangles), and C. morenoi in Central America (square, arrow indicates more records of this species in Colombia and Ecuador). Base map from Google Maps." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211137/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="41">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
).
</emphasis>
The new species is presently known from central
<collectingCountry id="8CB37631FFBDFFAC8DB0FCE189BAF614" box="[1184,1276,800,823]" name="Panama" pageId="13" pageNumber="41">Panama</collectingCountry>
, distributed in the provinces of Colón,
<collectingCountry id="8CB37631FFBDFFAC88B5FC858F47F67F" box="[421,513,836,860]" name="Panama" pageId="13" pageNumber="41">Panamá</collectingCountry>
, and the Canal Zone.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F41B36A1FFBDFFAC89D7FCA68F22F6E4" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,1255]" pageId="13" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="C6D0EAB3FFBDFFAC89D7FCA68C9CF6A3" bold="true" box="[199,474,871,896]" pageId="13" pageNumber="41">Chorological affinities.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="33A44D22FFBDFFAC88F3FCA98F25F6A3" box="[483,611,872,896]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Coprophanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gephyra">
<emphasis id="C6D0EAB3FFBDFFAC88F3FCA98F25F6A3" box="[483,611,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="41">C. gephyra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, represents a geographical and morphological bridge, between
<taxonomicName id="33A44D22FFBDFFAC8C2FFCA98D9BF687" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Coprophanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kohlmanni">
<emphasis id="C6D0EAB3FFBDFFAC8C2FFCA98D9BF687" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="41">C. kohlmanni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to the north and
<taxonomicName id="33A44D22FFBDFFAC88B4FC4C8F64F687" box="[420,546,909,932]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Coprophanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morenoi">
<emphasis id="C6D0EAB3FFBDFFAC88B4FC4C8F64F687" box="[420,546,909,932]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="41">C. morenoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to the south of its central Panamanian distribution. It is also found in tropical moist forest, as are the other two species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F41B36A1FFBDFFAC89D7FC1289EAF15F" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,1255]" pageId="13" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="C6D0EAB3FFBDFFAC89D7FC128CB4F6CF" bold="true" box="[199,498,979,1004]" pageId="13" pageNumber="41">Taxonomic relationships.</emphasis>
This new species was originally, partly, and erroneously considered to be
<taxonomicName id="33A44D22FFBDFFAC8C21FC1488DAF6CF" box="[1329,1436,980,1004]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Coprophanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ohausi">
<emphasis id="C6D0EAB3FFBDFFAC8C21FC1488DAF6CF" box="[1329,1436,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="41">C. ohausi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="90354B50FFBDFFAC89AAFC368C9EF12C" author="Howden" box="[186,472,1015,1040]" pageId="13" pageNumber="41" refString="Howden, H. F. &amp; Young, O. P. (1981) Panamanian Scarabaeinae: Taxonomy, distribution, and habits (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Contributions of the American Entomological Institute, 18, 1 - 204." type="journal article" year="1981">Howden &amp; Young (1981)</bibRefCitation>
and as a Panamanian variation of
<taxonomicName id="33A44D22FFBDFFAC8A4AFC398E91F133" box="[858,983,1016,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Coprophanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morenoi">
<emphasis id="C6D0EAB3FFBDFFAC8A4AFC398E91F133" box="[858,983,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="41">C. morenoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="90354B50FFBDFFAC8D11FC368860F12C" author="Edmonds" box="[1025,1318,1015,1039]" pageId="13" pageNumber="41" refString="Edmonds, W. D. &amp; Zidek, J. (2010) A taxonomic review of the Neotropical genus Coprophanaeus Olsoufieff, 1924 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae). Insecta Mundi, 129, 1 - 111." type="journal article" year="2010">Edmonds &amp; Zidek (2010)</bibRefCitation>
. In reality, a species complex exists (
<figureCitation id="6C9F2A24FFBDFFAC88D6FBDD8F5AF117" box="[454,540,1052,1076]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1794,1817]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,1022,1770]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[340,1247,1022,1770]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 16. Known distribution of Coprophanaeus kohlmanni (circles), C. gephyra Kohlmann &amp; Solís, new species (triangles), and C. morenoi in Central America (square, arrow indicates more records of this species in Colombia and Ecuador). Base map from Google Maps." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211137/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="41">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
), where
<taxonomicName id="33A44D22FFBDFFAC8B94FBDC8E58F117" box="[644,798,1052,1076]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Coprophanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kohlmanni">
<emphasis id="C6D0EAB3FFBDFFAC8B94FBDC8E58F117" box="[644,798,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="41">C. kohlmanni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distributed from
<collectingCountry id="8CB37631FFBDFFAC8D19FBDD893AF117" box="[1033,1148,1052,1076]" name="Nicaragua" pageId="13" pageNumber="41">Nicaragua</collectingCountry>
to northwestern
<collectingCountry id="8CB37631FFBDFFAC8C53FBDC88DAF117" box="[1347,1436,1053,1076]" name="Panama" pageId="13" pageNumber="41">Panama</collectingCountry>
(Bocas del Toro),
<taxonomicName id="33A44D22FFBDFFAC884FFB818C9AF17B" box="[351,476,1088,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Coprophanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gephyra">
<emphasis id="C6D0EAB3FFBDFFAC884FFB818C9AF17B" box="[351,476,1088,1112]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="41">C. gephyra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distributed in central
<collectingCountry id="8CB37631FFBDFFAC8BF9FB808E02F17B" box="[745,836,1089,1112]" name="Panama" pageId="13" pageNumber="41">Panama</collectingCountry>
, and
<taxonomicName id="33A44D22FFBDFFAC8A6EFB818EBDF17B" box="[894,1019,1088,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Coprophanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morenoi">
<emphasis id="C6D0EAB3FFBDFFAC8A6EFB818EBDF17B" box="[894,1019,1088,1112]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="41">C. morenoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distributed from southeastern
<collectingCountry id="8CB37631FFBDFFAC8C79FB818D80F15F" name="Panama" pageId="13" pageNumber="41">Panama</collectingCountry>
(Darién) to
<collectingCountry id="8CB37631FFBDFFAC885FFBA58CE9F15F" box="[335,431,1124,1148]" name="Ecuador" pageId="13" pageNumber="41">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
. All three species are very similar in their morphological characters.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="BCBE652AFFBDFFAC89D7FB498DB9F1C4" pageId="13" pageNumber="41" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="F41B36A1FFBDFFAC89D7FB498DB9F1C4" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,1255]" pageId="13" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="C6D0EAB3FFBDFFAC89D7FB498C08F183" bold="true" box="[199,334,1160,1184]" pageId="13" pageNumber="41">Etymology.</emphasis>
A Greek word in apposition,
<emphasis id="C6D0EAB3FFBDFFAC8B88FB498E45F183" box="[664,771,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="41">
<taxonomicName id="33A44D22FFBDFFAC8B88FB498FB2F183" box="[664,756,1160,1184]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Coprophanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gephyra">gephyra</taxonomicName>
(
</emphasis>
γέφυρα), meaning bridge, in reference to the fact that it acts like a bridge to the distribution of two similar species,
<taxonomicName id="33A44D22FFBDFFAC8A15FB6C8EC5F1E7" box="[773,899,1197,1220]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Coprophanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morenoi">
<emphasis id="C6D0EAB3FFBDFFAC8A15FB6C8EC5F1E7" box="[773,899,1197,1220]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="41">C. morenoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in South
<collectingCountry id="8CB37631FFBDFFAC8AE2FB6D8915F1E7" box="[1010,1107,1196,1220]" name="United States of America" pageId="13" pageNumber="41">America</collectingCountry>
and
<taxonomicName id="33A44D22FFBDFFAC8D9CFB6C8865F1E7" box="[1164,1315,1196,1220]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Coprophanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kohlmanni">
<emphasis id="C6D0EAB3FFBDFFAC8D9CFB6C8865F1E7" box="[1164,1315,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="41">C. kohlmanni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in Central
<collectingCountry id="8CB37631FFBDFFAC8987FB0E8DBDF1C4" box="[151,251,1231,1255]" name="United States of America" pageId="13" pageNumber="41">America</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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