plazi/treatments-xml
2
0
Fork 0
Code Issues Pull requests Releases Activity
treatments-xml/data/77/25/5E/77255E476420FF9F1052FA57A016FBC7.xml
maintenance 173a42e715 added 77
2024-06-21 12:40:50 +02:00

760 lines
111 KiB
XML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<document id="29E1999C2A32AC3C7412A4591F1EEB37" ID-CLB-Dataset="296091" ID-DOI="10.5252/zoosystema2024v46a11" ID-GBIF-Dataset="11cda077-00dc-42a4-839d-998605c6f511" ID-ISSN="1638-9387" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11196444" ID-ZooBank="D636D084-4345-42B5-8094-F00C82A74A77" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="julia" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="julia" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="julia" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="julia" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="julia" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="julia" checkinTime="1715761805097" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Fau, Marine" docDate="2024" docId="77255E476420FF9F1052FA57A016FBC7" docLanguage="en" docName="zoosystema.2024.46.11.pdf" docOrigin="Zoosystema 46 (11)" docSource="https://sciencepress.mnhn.fr/sites/default/files/articles/pdf/zoosystema2024v46a11.pdf" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5CC576F744449C1860B4E72ABD884631.7:Zoosystema.2020-.journal_article" docStyleId="5CC576F744449C1860B4E72ABD884631" docStyleName="Zoosystema.2020-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="7" docTitle="Benthogenia mahi Fau 2024, n. sp." docType="treatment" docUuid="6EAA2851-A494-4BA0-9FD0-DC68F1E9BDC0" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="282" masterDocId="8B1C263F642BFF901110FFA5A40DFFA9" masterDocTitle="Revision of the genus Benthogenia Fisher, 1911 (Asteroidea, Echinodermata), with description of a new species and ossicle anatomy" masterLastPageNumber="284" masterPageNumber="269" pageNumber="278" updateTime="1715783986574" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
<mods:mods id="9F2C0F61C73B1E91967267AC5398CE00" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="374EBE8AAB8539C74482277BB1383DEF">
<mods:title id="6FC54E135A2AE8C58651657F92544936">Revision of the genus Benthogenia Fisher, 1911 (Asteroidea, Echinodermata), with description of a new species and ossicle anatomy</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="9C9C6113FDC70712A6FE12A89011BF86" type="personal">
<mods:role id="099CA83CA86A2D436EDB02D26B6184C9">
<mods:roleTerm id="521D7D18A230736BA9F22D21A4871229">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="923339D8160D35A9B15206E55D29919F">Fau, Marine</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="D56F48C42F5D893842EB534CD83F868E">Department of Paleobiology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, 10 th Street and Constitution Avenue, NW Washington, DC 20560 (United States of America) faum @ si. edu (corresponding author)</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="D07276A1A634BAA1F0EB16454A640424" type="email">faum@si.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="84046BA3CB8ADFF6D6DBF54CB45F0893">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="E1774EAD61B144300FF7350E30D5B253" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="E97D7F0BF0C833199F73AF1F758CAAFB">
<mods:title id="07C100DAD209776318AE8F2647B5516C">Zoosystema</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="9EE0B0C7E01FAECA5A9063414A0EE354">
<mods:date id="D1A793F395F872671E810F83DAE0244A">2024</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="9798A0FE68AA3394F0C080CEAF31C701" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="142A2FA454669803650A8F7077A42B5D">2024-05-14</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="F94ED467E7A011ECFFD55E3322D8DA61" type="volume">
<mods:number id="7715CE2A92CA6B72598AA6DE40558744">46</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="DB9953BEA65AFEA0768ED1519E434323" type="issue">
<mods:number id="8F76FFC734055DA52BFC66AC7B88FF17">11</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="8C7D5179FB46412AAE5A6E388F066EB9" unit="page">
<mods:start id="C569B904A4B7ACEA14BE8601B40BDB44">269</mods:start>
<mods:end id="36BFEECAD2CF5CE9B0211557433D7DEF">284</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location id="823264A6F9FDB7F293CECBA0FE8A8622">
<mods:url id="071078DA853FB6399134BA38FDEA06AA">https://sciencepress.mnhn.fr/sites/default/files/articles/pdf/zoosystema2024v46a11.pdf</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="63B7B27787AA65423696BC4539F0A315">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="2D07B7511E89F47615408BBD288CFCC4" type="CLB-Dataset">296091</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="7243DBCDB2F48000B154D7055F708D6C" type="DOI">10.5252/zoosystema2024v46a11</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="54F425207D1721DA025BE6E256ECD314" type="GBIF-Dataset">11cda077-00dc-42a4-839d-998605c6f511</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="95A056CF068F2B295910E8AE37516FCC" type="ISSN">1638-9387</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="77832C86EC7DCA49D42DBD0012192594" type="Zenodo-Dep">11196444</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="C688318ACD46CC2E4B273F3507636550" type="ZooBank">D636D084-4345-42B5-8094-F00C82A74A77</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="77255E476420FF9F1052FA57A016FBC7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11198861" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11198861" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:6EAA2851-A494-4BA0-9FD0-DC68F1E9BDC0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/77255E476420FF9F1052FA57A016FBC7" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="282" pageId="11" pageNumber="278">
<subSubSection id="B796BCDA6420FF9B1052FA57A644F9A4" box="[322,585,1522,1549]" pageId="11" pageNumber="278" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="FF33EF516420FF9B1052FA57A644F9A4" blockId="11.[208,699,1522,1581]" box="[322,585,1522,1549]" pageId="11" pageNumber="278">
<heading id="A47B583D6420FF9B1052FA57A644F9A4" box="[322,585,1522,1549]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="278" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="388C94D26420FF9B1052FA57A60AF9A4" authority="Fau, 2024" authorityName="Fau" authorityYear="2024" box="[322,519,1522,1549]" class="Asteroidea" family="Porcellanasteridae" genus="Benthogenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="11" pageNumber="278" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="mahi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="CDF833436420FF9B1052FA57A60AF9A4" bold="true" box="[322,519,1522,1549]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="278">Benthogenia mahi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D6CB8E386420FF9B131FFA56A644F9A4" box="[527,585,1523,1549]" pageId="11" pageNumber="278" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B796BCDA6420FF9B11C0F9B7A6FDF9C8" pageId="11" pageNumber="278" type="description">
<paragraph id="FF33EF516420FF9B11C0F9B7A6B6F984" blockId="11.[208,699,1522,1581]" box="[208,699,1554,1581]" pageId="11" pageNumber="278">
(
<figureCitation id="67B7F3D46420FF9B11C7F9B7A55DF984" box="[215,336,1554,1581]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[132,143,1387,1405]" captionTargetBox="[131,1457,213,1335]" captionTargetId="figure-352@8.[698,1267,213,775]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 2. — Cribriform organs on the marginals of the disc: A, B, Benthogenia cribellosa Fisher, 1911 MNHN-IE-2019-3848; C, D, Benthogenia mahi n. sp. MNHN- IE-2019-3879. Abbreviations: im, inferomarginals; sm, superomarginals. Scale bars: A, C, 1 cm; B, D, 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11196448" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11196448/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="278">Figs 2B, D</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="67B7F3D46420FF9B104CF9B6A5B0F984" box="[348,445,1555,1581]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="9.[132,143,1962,1980]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1878]" captionTargetId="figure-94@9.[698,1267,768,1324]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIG. 3. — Marginals and arms in abactinal view of Benthogenia cribellosa Fisher, 1911 (A, C, E) and Benthogenia mahi n. sp. (B, D, F): A, holotype USNM 28655; B, holotype MNHN-IE-2013-2216; C, E, MNHN-IE-2019-3848; D, F, MNHN-IE-2019-3879. Abbreviations:im, inferomarginals;pax, paxillae;sm, superomarginals. Scale bars: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11196450" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11196450/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="278">3B, D, F</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="67B7F3D46420FF9B10D9F9B6A626F984" box="[457,555,1555,1581]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="10.[132,143,1939,1957]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1878]" captionTargetId="figure-130@10.[698,1267,768,1324]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIG. 4. — Ambulacral furrow and distal part of the arm of Benthogenia cribellosa Fisher,1911 MNHN-IE-2019-3848 (A, C, E) and Benthogenia mahi n. sp. MNHN- IE-2019-3879 (B, D, F): A, B, proximal part of the ambulacral furrow; C, D, distal part of the ambulacral furrow; E, F, distal view of the arm showing terminal ossicle. Abbreviations: adamb, adambulacral; amb, ambulacral; fur sp, furrow spines; im, inferomarginals; im sp, inferomarginal spines; sm, superomarginals; sm sp, superomarginal spines. Scale bars: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11196452" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11196452/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="278">4B, D, F</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="67B7F3D46420FF9B1327F9B7A671F984" box="[567,636,1554,1581]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="11.[133,143,1377,1395]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1334]" captionTargetId="figure-358@11.[698,1267,213,775]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIG. 5. — Oral frame of Benthogenia cribellosa Fisher, 1911 (A, C) and Benthogenia mahi n. sp. (B, D): A, holotype of Benthogenia cribellosa USNM 28655; B, holotype and Benthogenia mahi n. sp. MNHN-IE-2013-2216; C, MNHN-IE-2019-3848; D, MNHN-IE-2019-3879. Scale bars: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11196454" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11196454/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="278">5B, D</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="67B7F3D46420FF9B1398F9B7A695F985" box="[648,664,1554,1580]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="12.[132,143,1985,2003]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1878]" captionTargetId="figure-78@12.[698,1267,768,1324]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIG. 6. — Benthogenia mahi n. sp. in abactinal (A, C, E) and actinal view (B, D, F): A, B, holotype MNHN-IE-2013-2216; C, D, MNHN-IE-2007-1580; E, F, MNHN- IE-2019-3879. Scale bars: 5 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11196456" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11196456/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="278">6</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="67B7F3D46420FF9B13B4F9B6A6BFF984" box="[676,690,1555,1581]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="14.[132,143,1894,1912]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1851]" captionTargetId="figure-224@14.[628,1095,1025,1390]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIG. 7. — Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of the orals (A, B), 1st ambulacrals (C, D), odontophores (E-F), ambulacrals (G-L), and adambulacrals (M-O) of Benthogenia mahi n. sp., specimen MNHN-IE-2013-2199: A, oral in adradial view;B, oral in abradial view;C, 1st ambulacral in adradial view;D, 1st ambulacral in abradial view; E, odontophore in actinal view;F, odontophore in abactinal view; G, second ambulacral in adradial view; H, third ambulacral in abradial view; I, K, ambulacrals in abradial view; J, ambulacral in abradial view; L, ambulacral in abactinal view; M, adambulacral in abactinal view; N, O, adambulacrals in actinal view. Colored areas indicate the presence of a differentiated stereom. See Table 2 for abbreviations. Proximal direction to the left, actinal direction to the bottom except for M-O, adradial direction to the top. Scale bars: A-I, M-O, 2 mm; J-L, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11196460" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11196460/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="278">7</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FF33EF516420FF9B118BF9EAA6FDF9C8" blockId="11.[155,752,1615,1633]" box="[155,752,1615,1633]" pageId="11" pageNumber="278">
<uri id="8B1DE3536420FF9B118BF9EAA6FDF9C8" box="[155,752,1615,1633]" pageId="11" pageNumber="278">
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
<uuid id="8B2AD5846420FF9B1076F9EAA6FDF9C8" box="[358,752,1615,1633]" pageId="11" pageNumber="278">6EAA2851-A494-4BA0-9FD0-DC68F1E9BDC0</uuid>
</uri>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B796BCDA6420FF9B1194F927A52CF94D" pageId="11" pageNumber="278" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="FF33EF516420FF9B1194F927A6B0F933" blockId="11.[132,701,1666,1690]" box="[132,701,1666,1690]" pageId="11" pageNumber="278">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="DF9CC87F6420FF9B1194F927A6B0F933" box="[132,701,1666,1690]" pageId="11" pageNumber="278">
<taxonomicName id="388C94D26420FF9B1194F927A575F933" ID-CoL="LHVD" authority="Mironov et al. 2016" authorityName="Mironov et al. " authorityYear="2016" box="[132,376,1666,1690]" class="Asteroidea" family="Porcellanasteridae" genus="Benthogenia" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="11" pageNumber="278" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="cribellosa">
<emphasis id="CDF833436420FF9B1194F927A4FAF933" box="[132,247,1666,1690]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="278">Benthogenia</emphasis>
aff.
<emphasis id="CDF833436420FF9B1033F927A575F933" box="[291,376,1666,1690]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="278">cribellosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="CDF833436420FF9B106EF926A586F933" box="[382,395,1667,1690]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="278">–</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="7E2DC9406420FF9B1081F927A6B4F933" author="MIRONOV A. N. &amp; DILMAN A. B. &amp; VLADYCHENSKAYA I. P. &amp; PETROV N. B." box="[401,697,1666,1690]" page="503" pageId="11" pageNumber="278" year="2016">
<bibRefCitation id="9B1D92A06420FF9B1081F927A6B4F933" author="MIRONOV A. N. &amp; DILMAN A. B. &amp; VLADYCHENSKAYA I. P. &amp; PETROV N. B." box="[401,697,1666,1690]" pageId="11" pageNumber="278" pagination="503 - 516" refId="ref10355" refString="MIRONOV A. N., DILMAN A. B., VLADYCHENSKAYA I. P. &amp; PETROV N. B. 2016. - Adaptive strategy of the Porcellanasterid sea stars. Biology Bulletin 43 (6): 503 - 516. https: // doi. org / 10.1134 / s 106235901606011 x" type="journal article" year="2016">
Mironov
<emphasis id="CDF833436420FF9B10FEF926A610F933" box="[494,541,1666,1690]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="278">et al.</emphasis>
2016: 503-516
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FF33EF516420FF9B1194F914A52CF94D" blockId="11.[132,775,1713,1764]" pageId="11" pageNumber="278">
<taxonomicName id="388C94D26420FF9B1194F914A579F960" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="1911" box="[132,372,1713,1737]" class="Asteroidea" family="Porcellanasteridae" genus="Benthogenia" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="11" pageNumber="278" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="gribellosa">
<emphasis id="CDF833436420FF9B1194F914A4FBF960" box="[132,246,1713,1737]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="278">Benthogenia</emphasis>
aff.
<emphasis id="CDF833436420FF9B100EF914A579F960" box="[286,372,1713,1737]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="278">gribellosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(typographic error)
<emphasis id="CDF833436420FF9B1323F917A64DF960" box="[563,576,1714,1737]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="278">–</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="9B1D92A06420FF9B1354F914A70DF960" author="MIRONOV A. N. &amp; DILMAN A. B. &amp; VLADYCHENSKAYA I. P. &amp; PETROV N. B." box="[580,768,1713,1737]" pageId="11" pageNumber="278" pagination="503 - 516" refId="ref10355" refString="MIRONOV A. N., DILMAN A. B., VLADYCHENSKAYA I. P. &amp; PETROV N. B. 2016. - Adaptive strategy of the Porcellanasterid sea stars. Biology Bulletin 43 (6): 503 - 516. https: // doi. org / 10.1134 / s 106235901606011 x" type="journal article" year="2016">
Mironov
<emphasis id="CDF833436420FF9B138EF917A6C6F960" box="[670,715,1713,1737]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="278">et al.</emphasis>
2016
</bibRefCitation>
: figs 1A; 2A; 3A.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B796BCDA6420FF9F1194F959A016FBC7" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="282" pageId="11" pageNumber="278" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="FF33EF516420FF9B1194F959A6DEF8CB" blockId="11.[131,776,1788,2023]" pageId="11" pageNumber="278">
<materialsCitation id="4FE4E50C6420FF9B1194F959A6DEF8CB" collectingDate="2007-09-22" collectionCode="TYPE, MATERIAL" collectorName="Richer &amp; Boisselier" country="Solomon Islands" elevation="402" latitude="-10.429167" location="West of San Cristobal Island" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="161.36601" pageId="11" pageNumber="278" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<smallCapsWord id="F9D5798D6420FF9B1194F959A4BBF8B8" baselines="1805,1805" box="[132,182,1788,1811]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Type" pageId="11" pageNumber="278">
<collectionCode id="999D77946420FF9B1194F959A4BBF8B8" box="[132,182,1788,1811]" pageId="11" pageNumber="278">TYPE</collectionCode>
</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="F9D5798D6420FF9B11AFF8A4A52DF8BB" baselines="1806" box="[191,288,1793,1810]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="material" pageId="11" pageNumber="278">
<collectionCode id="999D77946420FF9B11AFF8A4A52DF8BB" box="[191,288,1793,1810]" pageId="11" pageNumber="278">MATERIAL</collectionCode>
</smallCapsWord>
. —
<emphasis id="CDF833436420FF9B1042F959A68EF8BD" bold="true" box="[338,643,1788,1813]" pageId="11" pageNumber="278">
<typeStatus id="203751F36420FF9B1042F959A5BBF8BD" box="[338,438,1788,1812]" pageId="11" pageNumber="278" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
<collectingCountry id="879BAFC16420FF9B10D3F958A67DF8BD" box="[451,624,1788,1813]" name="Solomon Islands" pageId="11" pageNumber="278">Solomon Islands</collectingCountry>
•
</emphasis>
<location id="FA53B98A6420FF9B139BF959A52BF887" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:77255E476420FF9F1052FA57A016FBC7:FA53B98A6420FF9B139BF959A52BF887" country="Solomon Islands" latitude="-10.429167" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="161.36601" name="West of San Cristobal Island" pageId="11" pageNumber="278">West of San Cristobal Island</location>
; station CP2837;
<geoCoordinate id="9AB889966420FF9B10CDF8B3A66EF887" box="[477,611,1814,1838]" degrees="10" direction="south" minutes="25" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="278" precision="1" seconds="45.0" value="-10.429167">10°25’45.0”S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="9AB889966420FF9B137FF8B3A70FF887" box="[623,770,1814,1838]" degrees="161" direction="east" minutes="21" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="278" precision="1" seconds="57.6" value="161.36601">161°21’57.6”E</geoCoordinate>
; depth
<quantity id="387442B46420FF9B11D3F894A53FF8E1" box="[195,306,1841,1865]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.015" metricValueMax="4.22" metricValueMin="3.81" pageId="11" pageNumber="278" unit="m" value="401.5" valueMax="422.0" valueMin="381.0">
<elevation id="74A108626420FF9B11D3F894A53FF8E1" box="[195,306,1841,1865]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.015" metricValueMax="4.22" metricValueMin="3.81" pageId="11" pageNumber="278" unit="m" value="401.5" valueMax="422.0" valueMin="381.0">381-422 m</elevation>
</quantity>
;
<date id="8B32C9916420FF9B102CF894A5BDF8E0" box="[316,432,1841,1865]" pageId="11" pageNumber="278" value="2007-09-22">
<collectingDate id="9B7630796420FF9B102CF894A5BDF8E0" box="[316,432,1841,1865]" pageId="11" pageNumber="278" value="2007-09-22">22.IX.2007</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="52798A876420FF9B10AAF895A5F7F8E1" box="[442,506,1840,1864]" pageId="11" pageNumber="278">Richer</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="52798A876420FF9B130AF895A67BF8E1" box="[538,630,1840,1864]" pageId="11" pageNumber="278">Boisselier</collectorName>
leg.; SALOMONBOA 3,
<collectorName id="52798A876420FF9B11EEF8EEA553F8CA" box="[254,350,1867,1891]" pageId="11" pageNumber="278">GenBank</collectorName>
: OR802154; MNHN-IE-2013-2216.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FF33EF516420FF9B1194F8C3A10EF93D" blockId="11.[131,776,1788,2023]" lastBlockId="11.[813,1456,1527,1685]" pageId="11" pageNumber="278">
<materialsCitation id="4FE4E50C6420FF9B1194F8C3A640F864" collectingDate="2007-10-01" collectorName="Richer &amp; Boisselier " country="Solomon Islands" elevation="420" latitude="-10.742333" location="East of San Cristobal Island" longLatPrecision="15" longitude="162.3275" pageId="11" pageNumber="278" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="CDF833436420FF9B1194F8C3A5A7F8D7" bold="true" box="[132,426,1894,1919]" pageId="11" pageNumber="278">
<typeStatus id="203751F36420FF9B1194F8C3A4EBF8D7" box="[132,230,1894,1918]" pageId="11" pageNumber="278" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
.
<collectingCountry id="879BAFC16420FF9B11E2F8C2A594F8D7" box="[242,409,1894,1919]" name="Solomon Islands" pageId="11" pageNumber="278">Solomon Islands</collectingCountry>
•
</emphasis>
1 individual;
<location id="FA53B98A6420FF9B1326F8C3A4CEF831" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:77255E476420FF9F1052FA57A016FBC7:FA53B98A6420FF9B1326F8C3A4CEF831" country="Solomon Islands" latitude="-10.742333" longLatPrecision="15" longitude="162.3275" name="East of San Cristobal Island" pageId="11" pageNumber="278">East of San Cristobal Island</location>
; station CP2832;
<geoCoordinate id="9AB889966420FF9B106AF825A60DF831" box="[378,512,1920,1944]" degrees="10" direction="south" minutes="44" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="278" precision="1" seconds="32.4" value="-10.742333">10°44’32.4”S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="9AB889966420FF9B131BF825A686F831" box="[523,651,1920,1944]" degrees="162" direction="east" minutes="19" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="278" precision="15" seconds="39" value="162.3275">162°19’39”E</geoCoordinate>
; depth
<quantity id="387442B46420FF9B13CAF825A4C4F81B" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" metricValueMax="4.3" metricValueMin="4.1" pageId="11" pageNumber="278" unit="m" value="420.0" valueMax="430.0" valueMin="410.0">
<elevation id="74A108626420FF9B13CAF825A4C4F81B" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" metricValueMax="4.3" metricValueMin="4.1" pageId="11" pageNumber="278" unit="m" value="420.0" valueMax="430.0" valueMin="410.0">410- 430 m</elevation>
</quantity>
;
<date id="8B32C9916420FF9B11C5F83FA53EF81B" box="[213,307,1946,1970]" pageId="11" pageNumber="278" value="2007-10-01">
<collectingDate id="9B7630796420FF9B11C5F83FA53EF81B" box="[213,307,1946,1970]" pageId="11" pageNumber="278" value="2007-10-01">1.X.2007</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="52798A876420FF9B1050F83FA58CF81B" box="[320,385,1946,1970]" pageId="11" pageNumber="278">Richer</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="52798A876420FF9B10B6F83FA60FF81B" box="[422,514,1946,1970]" pageId="11" pageNumber="278">Boisselier</collectorName>
leg.; SALOMONBOA 3;
<collectorName id="52798A876420FF9B1196F810A4EBF864" box="[134,230,1973,1997]" pageId="11" pageNumber="278">GenBank</collectorName>
:OR802152; MNHN-IE-2007-1335
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="4FE4E50C6420FF9B1370F810A15FF983" country="Solomon Islands" latitude="-9.5815" location="Island" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="160.78584" municipality="East" pageId="11" pageNumber="278" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Guadalcanal" typeStatus="paratype">
1 individual;
<collectingMunicipality id="1F57752B6420FF9B13CEF810A70AF865" box="[734,775,1973,1996]" pageId="11" pageNumber="278">East</collectingMunicipality>
of
<collectingRegion id="3D4821B36420FF9B118AF86AA502F84E" box="[154,271,1999,2023]" country="Solomon Islands" name="Guadalcanal" pageId="11" pageNumber="278">Guadalcanal</collectingRegion>
<location id="FA53B98A6420FF9B1003F86AA543F84E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:77255E476420FF9F1052FA57A016FBC7:FA53B98A6420FF9B1003F86AA543F84E" box="[275,334,1999,2023]" country="Solomon Islands" latitude="-9.5815" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="160.78584" municipality="East" name="Island" pageId="11" pageNumber="278" stateProvince="Guadalcanal">
<collectingCountry id="879BAFC16420FF9B1003F86AA543F84E" box="[275,334,1999,2023]" name="Iceland" pageId="11" pageNumber="278">Island</collectingCountry>
</location>
; station CP2848;
<geoCoordinate id="9AB889966420FF9B10E5F86AA664F84E" box="[501,617,1999,2023]" degrees="9" direction="south" minutes="34" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="278" precision="1" seconds="53.4" value="-9.5815">9°34’53.4”S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="9AB889966420FF9B1361F86AA6F3F84E" box="[625,766,1999,2023]" degrees="160" direction="east" minutes="47" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="278" precision="1" seconds="09.0" value="160.78584">160°47’09.0”E</geoCoordinate>
; depth
<quantity id="387442B46420FF9B1279FA52A7DBF9A6" box="[873,982,1527,1551]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.295" metricValueMax="4.45" metricValueMin="4.14" pageId="11" pageNumber="278" unit="m" value="429.5" valueMax="445.0" valueMin="414.0">414-445 m</quantity>
;
<date id="8B32C9916420FF9B12CFFA52A036F9A6" box="[991,1083,1527,1551]" pageId="11" pageNumber="278" value="2007-10-02">2.X.2007</date>
; Richer &amp; Boisselier leg.; SALOMONBOA 3; GenBank: OR802150; MNHN-IE-2013-2233
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="4FE4E50C6420FF9B147CF9B7A0F0F93C" collectingDate="2007-10-02" collectorName="Richer &amp; Boisselier" elevation="430" latitude="-9.5815" location="Island" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="160.78584" municipality="East" pageId="11" pageNumber="278" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Guadalcanal">
1 individual;
<collectingMunicipality id="1F57752B6420FF9B1266F988A792F9ED" box="[886,927,1581,1604]" pageId="11" pageNumber="278">East</collectingMunicipality>
of
<collectingRegion id="3D4821B36420FF9B12D1F988A037F9EC" box="[961,1082,1581,1605]" country="Solomon Islands" name="Guadalcanal" pageId="11" pageNumber="278">Guadalcanal</collectingRegion>
<location id="FA53B98A6420FF9B1551F988A072F9EC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:77255E476420FF9F1052FA57A016FBC7:FA53B98A6420FF9B1551F988A072F9EC" box="[1089,1151,1581,1605]" latitude="-9.5815" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="160.78584" municipality="East" name="Island" pageId="11" pageNumber="278" stateProvince="Guadalcanal">
<collectingCountry id="879BAFC16420FF9B1551F988A072F9EC" box="[1089,1151,1581,1605]" name="Iceland" pageId="11" pageNumber="278">Island</collectingCountry>
</location>
; station CP2848;
<geoCoordinate id="9AB889966420FF9B1422F989A1A6F9ED" box="[1330,1451,1580,1604]" degrees="9" direction="south" minutes="34" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="278" precision="1" seconds="53.4" value="-9.5815">9°34’53.4”S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="9AB889966420FF9B123DF9E2A7B2F9F6" box="[813,959,1607,1631]" degrees="160" direction="east" minutes="47" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="278" precision="1" seconds="09.0" value="160.78584">160°47’09.0”E</geoCoordinate>
; depth
<quantity id="387442B46420FF9B151BF9E2A071F9F6" box="[1035,1148,1607,1631]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.295" metricValueMax="4.45" metricValueMin="4.14" pageId="11" pageNumber="278" unit="m" value="429.5" valueMax="445.0" valueMin="414.0">
<elevation id="74A108626420FF9B151BF9E2A071F9F6" box="[1035,1148,1607,1631]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.295" metricValueMax="4.45" metricValueMin="4.14" pageId="11" pageNumber="278" unit="m" value="429.5" valueMax="445.0" valueMin="414.0">414-445 m</elevation>
</quantity>
;
<date id="8B32C9916420FF9B1597F9E2A0EBF9F6" box="[1159,1254,1607,1631]" pageId="11" pageNumber="278" value="2007-10-02">
<collectingDate id="9B7630796420FF9B1597F9E2A0EBF9F6" box="[1159,1254,1607,1631]" pageId="11" pageNumber="278" value="2007-10-02">2.X.2007</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="52798A876420FF9B15E1F9E2A13CF9F6" box="[1265,1329,1607,1631]" pageId="11" pageNumber="278">Richer</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="52798A876420FF9B1443F9E2A1A2F9F6" box="[1363,1455,1607,1631]" pageId="11" pageNumber="278">Boisselier</collectorName>
leg.; SALOMONBOA 3; partially dissected for ossicle anatomy,
<collectorName id="52798A876420FF9B123EF9D8A783F93C" box="[814,910,1661,1685]" pageId="11" pageNumber="278">GenBank</collectorName>
: OR802149; MNHN-IE-2013-2199
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FF33EF516420FF9B123DF908A09DF8D6" blockId="11.[811,1458,1709,2027]" pageId="11" pageNumber="278">
<materialsCitation id="4FE4E50C6420FF9B123DF908A02DF899" collectingDate="1994-09-27" collectionCode="OTHER, MATERIAL" collectorName="Bouchet &amp; de Forges" country="Vanuatu" county="Richer de Forges" elevation="566" latitude="-17.831667" location="Southwest of Efate Island" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="168.192" municipality="Mele Bay" pageId="11" pageNumber="278" specimenCount="1">
<smallCapsWord id="F9D5798D6420FF9B123DF908A774F96A" baselines="1727,1727" box="[813,889,1709,1733]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Other" pageId="11" pageNumber="278">
<collectionCode id="999D77946420FF9B123DF908A774F96A" box="[813,889,1709,1733]" pageId="11" pageNumber="278">OTHER</collectionCode>
</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="F9D5798D6420FF9B1292F917A7EAF96A" baselines="1727" box="[898,999,1714,1731]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="material" pageId="11" pageNumber="278">
<collectionCode id="999D77946420FF9B1292F917A7EAF96A" box="[898,999,1714,1731]" pageId="11" pageNumber="278">MATERIAL</collectionCode>
</smallCapsWord>
. —
<emphasis id="CDF833436420FF9B150BF90BA11DF96C" bold="true" box="[1051,1296,1709,1734]" pageId="11" pageNumber="278">
<collectingCountry id="879BAFC16420FF9B150BF90BA0F1F96C" box="[1051,1276,1709,1734]" name="Vanuatu" pageId="11" pageNumber="278">Republic of Vanuatu</collectingCountry>
•
</emphasis>
1 dry individual;
<location id="FA53B98A6420FF9B124CF962A07FF976" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:77255E476420FF9F1052FA57A016FBC7:FA53B98A6420FF9B124CF962A07FF976" box="[860,1138,1735,1759]" country="Vanuatu" county="Richer de Forges" latitude="-17.831667" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="168.192" municipality="Mele Bay" name="Southwest of Efate Island" pageId="11" pageNumber="278">Southwest of Efate Island</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="1F57752B6420FF9B156EF962A0EBF949" box="[1150,1254,1735,1760]" pageId="11" pageNumber="278">Mele Bay</collectingMunicipality>
; station DW1011;
<geoCoordinate id="9AB889966420FF9B123FF947A7B4F953" box="[815,953,1762,1786]" degrees="17" direction="south" minutes="49" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="278" precision="1" seconds="54.0" value="-17.831667">17°49’54.0”S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="9AB889966420FF9B12D6F947A053F953" box="[966,1118,1762,1786]" degrees="168" direction="east" minutes="11" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="278" precision="1" seconds="31.2" value="168.192">168°11’31.2”E</geoCoordinate>
; depth
<quantity id="387442B46420FF9B15A1F947A125F953" box="[1201,1320,1762,1786]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.66" metricValueMax="5.85" metricValueMin="5.47" pageId="11" pageNumber="278" unit="m" value="566.0" valueMax="585.0" valueMin="547.0">
<elevation id="74A108626420FF9B15A1F947A125F953" box="[1201,1320,1762,1786]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.66" metricValueMax="5.85" metricValueMin="5.47" pageId="11" pageNumber="278" unit="m" value="566.0" valueMax="585.0" valueMin="547.0">547-585 m</elevation>
</quantity>
;
<date id="8B32C9916420FF9B1425F947A1A0F953" box="[1333,1453,1762,1786]" pageId="11" pageNumber="278" value="1994-09-27">
<collectingDate id="9B7630796420FF9B1425F947A1A0F953" box="[1333,1453,1762,1786]" pageId="11" pageNumber="278" value="1994-09-27">27.IX.1994</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="52798A876420FF9B123EF958A785F8BC" box="[814,904,1789,1813]" pageId="11" pageNumber="278">Bouchet</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectingCounty id="165297DD6420FF9B12A1F958A065F8BC" box="[945,1128,1789,1813]" pageId="11" pageNumber="278">
Richer
<collectorName id="52798A876420FF9B1511F958A065F8BC" box="[1025,1128,1789,1813]" pageId="11" pageNumber="278">de Forges</collectorName>
</collectingCounty>
IRD leg.; MUSORSTOM 8; MNHN-IE-2019-3811
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="4FE4E50C6420FF9B1527F8BDA084F829" collectingDate="1994-09-30" collectorName="Bouchet &amp; de Forges" country="Vanuatu" elevation="490" latitude="-16.893667" location="South of Epi Island" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="168.17484" municipality="Richer de Forges" pageId="11" pageNumber="278" specimenCount="1">
1 dry individual;
<location id="FA53B98A6420FF9B15F7F8BDA1A0F899" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:77255E476420FF9F1052FA57A016FBC7:FA53B98A6420FF9B15F7F8BDA1A0F899" box="[1255,1453,1816,1840]" country="Vanuatu" latitude="-16.893667" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="168.17484" municipality="Richer de Forges" name="South of Epi Island" pageId="11" pageNumber="278">
South of Epi
<collectingCountry id="879BAFC16420FF9B147DF8BDA1A0F899" box="[1389,1453,1816,1840]" name="Iceland" pageId="11" pageNumber="278">Island</collectingCountry>
</location>
; station CP1047;
<geoCoordinate id="9AB889966420FF9B12C1F897A05AF8E3" box="[977,1111,1842,1866]" degrees="16" direction="south" minutes="53" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="278" precision="1" seconds="37.2" value="-16.893667">16°53’37.2”S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="9AB889966420FF9B154FF897A0FFF8E3" box="[1119,1266,1842,1866]" degrees="168" direction="east" minutes="10" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="278" precision="1" seconds="29.4" value="168.17484">168°10’29.4”E</geoCoordinate>
; depth
<quantity id="387442B46420FF9B142BF897A1A6F8E3" box="[1339,1451,1842,1866]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.9" metricValueMax="4.9399999999999995" metricValueMin="4.86" pageId="11" pageNumber="278" unit="m" value="490.0" valueMax="494.0" valueMin="486.0">
<elevation id="74A108626420FF9B142BF897A1A6F8E3" box="[1339,1451,1842,1866]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.9" metricValueMax="4.9399999999999995" metricValueMin="4.86" pageId="11" pageNumber="278" unit="m" value="490.0" valueMax="494.0" valueMin="486.0">486-494 m</elevation>
</quantity>
;
<date id="8B32C9916420FF9B123BF8E8A7A9F8CC" box="[811,932,1869,1893]" pageId="11" pageNumber="278" value="1994-09-30">
<collectingDate id="9B7630796420FF9B123BF8E8A7A9F8CC" box="[811,932,1869,1893]" pageId="11" pageNumber="278" value="1994-09-30">30.IX.1994</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="52798A876420FF9B12BFF8E8A009F8CC" box="[943,1028,1869,1893]" pageId="11" pageNumber="278">Bouchet</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectingMunicipality id="1F57752B6420FF9B153AF8E8A0DBF8CF" box="[1066,1238,1869,1894]" pageId="11" pageNumber="278">
Richer
<collectorName id="52798A876420FF9B1565F8E8A0DBF8CF" box="[1141,1238,1869,1894]" pageId="11" pageNumber="278">de Forges</collectorName>
</collectingMunicipality>
IRD leg.; MUSORSTOM 8; MNHN-IE-2019-3879
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FF33EF516420FF9D123DF826A5F9FE8A" blockId="11.[811,1458,1709,2027]" lastBlockId="13.[132,775,215,318]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="280" pageId="11" pageNumber="278">
<materialsCitation id="4FE4E50C6420FF9B123DF826A09EF842" collectingDate="2008-05-10" collectorName="Bouchet &amp; GenBank" country="New Caledonia" elevation="925" latitude="-20.282999" location="North of New Caledonia" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="163.82233" municipality="Grand Passage" pageId="11" pageNumber="278" specimenCount="1">
<emphasis id="CDF833436420FF9B123DF826A7CEF835" bold="true" box="[813,963,1923,1948]" pageId="11" pageNumber="278">
<collectingCountry id="879BAFC16420FF9B123DF826A7CEF835" box="[813,963,1923,1948]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="11" pageNumber="278">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
• 1 wet individual;
<location id="FA53B98A6420FF9B1569F826A164F832" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:77255E476420FF9F1052FA57A016FBC7:FA53B98A6420FF9B1569F826A164F832" box="[1145,1385,1923,1947]" country="New Caledonia" latitude="-20.282999" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="163.82233" municipality="Grand Passage" name="North of New Caledonia" pageId="11" pageNumber="278">North of New Caledonia</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="1F57752B6420FF9B1460F826A775F81F" pageId="11" pageNumber="278">Grand Passage</collectingMunicipality>
; station CP3028;
<geoCoordinate id="9AB889966420FF9B1525F838A0B2F81C" box="[1077,1215,1949,1973]" degrees="20" direction="south" minutes="16" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="278" precision="1" seconds="58.8" value="-20.282999">20°16’58.8”S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="9AB889966420FF9B15DCF838A169F81C" box="[1228,1380,1949,1973]" degrees="163" direction="east" minutes="49" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="278" precision="1" seconds="20.4" value="163.82233">163°49’20.4”E</geoCoordinate>
; depth
<quantity id="387442B46420FF9B123EF81DA7A2F879" box="[814,943,1976,2000]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.25" metricValueMax="12.0" metricValueMin="6.5" pageId="11" pageNumber="278" unit="m" value="925.0" valueMax="1200.0" valueMin="650.0">
<elevation id="74A108626420FF9B123EF81DA7A2F879" box="[814,943,1976,2000]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.25" metricValueMax="12.0" metricValueMin="6.5" pageId="11" pageNumber="278" unit="m" value="925.0" valueMax="1200.0" valueMin="650.0">650-1200 m</elevation>
</quantity>
;
<date id="8B32C9916420FF9B12ABF81DA02BF879" box="[955,1062,1976,2000]" pageId="11" pageNumber="278" value="2008-05-10">
<collectingDate id="9B7630796420FF9B12ABF81DA02BF879" box="[955,1062,1976,2000]" pageId="11" pageNumber="278" value="2008-05-10">10.V.2008</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="52798A876420FF9B1522F81DA088F879" box="[1074,1157,1976,2000]" pageId="11" pageNumber="278">Bouchet</collectorName>
leg.; CONCALIS;
<collectorName id="52798A876420FF9B145DF81DA1A3F879" box="[1357,1454,1976,2000]" pageId="11" pageNumber="278">GenBank</collectorName>
: OR802151; MNHN-IE-2007-1580
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="4FE4E50C6420FF9D15BBF876A5E3FE8D" collectingDate="1993-03-17" collectorName="Bouchet &amp; Richer" country="New Caledonia" county="Richer de Forges" elevation="509" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="280" latitude="-20.566833" location="East" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="164.953" municipality="New Caledonia" pageId="11" pageNumber="278" specimenCount="1">
1 dry individual;
<location id="FA53B98A6420FF9B1448F876A18CF843" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:77255E476420FF9F1052FA57A016FBC7:FA53B98A6420FF9B1448F876A18CF843" box="[1368,1409,2003,2026]" country="New Caledonia" county="Richer de Forges" latitude="-20.566833" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="164.953" municipality="New Caledonia" name="East" pageId="11" pageNumber="278">East</location>
cost of
<collectingMunicipality id="1F57752B6426FF9D11B0FF72A531FF46" box="[160,316,215,239]" pageId="13" pageNumber="280">
<collectingCountry id="879BAFC16426FF9D11B0FF72A531FF46" box="[160,316,215,239]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="13" pageNumber="280">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
</collectingMunicipality>
; station DE696;
<geoCoordinate id="9AB889966426FF9D10F9FF72A66FFF46" box="[489,610,215,239]" degrees="20" direction="south" minutes="34" orientation="latitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="280" precision="1" seconds="0.6" value="-20.566833">20°34’0.6”S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="9AB889966426FF9D137EFF72A70DFF46" box="[622,768,215,239]" degrees="164" direction="east" minutes="57" orientation="longitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="280" precision="1" seconds="10.8" value="164.953">164°57’10.8”E</geoCoordinate>
; depth
<quantity id="387442B46426FF9D11D4FF54A538FEA0" box="[196,309,241,265]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.085" metricValueMax="5.2" metricValueMin="4.97" pageId="13" pageNumber="280" unit="m" value="508.5" valueMax="520.0" valueMin="497.0">
<elevation id="74A108626426FF9D11D4FF54A538FEA0" box="[196,309,241,265]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.085" metricValueMax="5.2" metricValueMin="4.97" pageId="13" pageNumber="280" unit="m" value="508.5" valueMax="520.0" valueMin="497.0">497-520 m</elevation>
</quantity>
;
<date id="8B32C9916426FF9D1050FF54A5B9FEA0" box="[320,436,241,265]" pageId="13" pageNumber="280" value="1993-03-17">
<collectingDate id="9B7630796426FF9D1050FF54A5B9FEA0" box="[320,436,241,265]" pageId="13" pageNumber="280" value="1993-03-17">17.III.1993</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="52798A876426FF9D10D0FF54A61FFEA0" box="[448,530,241,265]" pageId="13" pageNumber="280">Bouchet</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectingCounty id="165297DD6426FF9D1324FF54A6D5FEA3" box="[564,728,241,266]" pageId="13" pageNumber="280">
<collectorName id="52798A876426FF9D1324FF54A679FEA0" box="[564,628,241,265]" pageId="13" pageNumber="280">Richer</collectorName>
de Forges
</collectingCounty>
leg.; BATHUS 1; MNHN-IE-2009-2066
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="ABF3BFD96427FF9C1194F864A59EF840" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11196456" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11196456" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11196456/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="279" startId="12.[132,143,1985,2003]" targetBox="[132,1455,215,1878]" targetPageId="12" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="FF33EF516427FF9C1194F864A59EF840" blockId="12.[132,1455,1984,2025]" pageId="12" pageNumber="279">
<smallCapsWord id="F9D5798D6427FF9C1194F864A490F878" baselines="1998,1998" box="[132,157,1985,2003]" lowerCaseFontSize="5" mainFontSize="7" normCase="title" normString="Fig" pageId="12" pageNumber="279">FIG</smallCapsWord>
. 6. —
<taxonomicName id="388C94D26427FF9C11C3F864A564F87A" authority="Fau, 2024" authorityName="Fau" authorityYear="2024" box="[211,361,1985,2003]" class="Asteroidea" family="Porcellanasteridae" genus="Benthogenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="12" pageNumber="279" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="mahi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="CDF833436427FF9C11C3F864A564F87A" box="[211,361,1985,2003]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="279">Benthogenia mahi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D6CB8E386427FF9C107EF864A590F87A" box="[366,413,1985,2003]" pageId="12" pageNumber="279" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
in abactinal (
<emphasis id="CDF833436427FF9C1319F864A61BF87A" bold="true" box="[521,534,1985,2003]" pageId="12" pageNumber="279">A</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="CDF833436427FF9C130FF865A620F87B" bold="true" box="[543,557,1984,2002]" pageId="12" pageNumber="279">C</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="CDF833436427FF9C1327F864A64EF87A" bold="true" box="[567,579,1985,2003]" pageId="12" pageNumber="279">E</emphasis>
) and actinal view (
<emphasis id="CDF833436427FF9C13CBF864A6E5F87A" bold="true" box="[731,744,1985,2003]" pageId="12" pageNumber="279">B</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="CDF833436427FF9C13E2F864A70DF87A" bold="true" box="[754,768,1985,2003]" pageId="12" pageNumber="279">D</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="CDF833436427FF9C121AF864A718F87A" bold="true" box="[778,789,1985,2003]" pageId="12" pageNumber="279">F</emphasis>
):
<emphasis id="CDF833436427FF9C1233F864A73DF87A" bold="true" box="[803,816,1985,2003]" pageId="12" pageNumber="279">A</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="CDF833436427FF9C122AF864A74AF87A" bold="true" box="[826,839,1985,2003]" pageId="12" pageNumber="279">B</emphasis>
, holotype MNHN-IE-2013-2216;
<emphasis id="CDF833436427FF9C1549F865A06AF87B" bold="true" box="[1113,1127,1984,2002]" pageId="12" pageNumber="279">C</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="CDF833436427FF9C1561F864A072F87A" bold="true" box="[1137,1151,1985,2003]" pageId="12" pageNumber="279">D</emphasis>
, MNHN-IE-2007-1580;
<emphasis id="CDF833436427FF9C1454F864A15DF87A" bold="true" box="[1348,1360,1985,2003]" pageId="12" pageNumber="279">E</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="CDF833436427FF9C144AF864A168F87A" bold="true" box="[1370,1381,1985,2003]" pageId="12" pageNumber="279">F</emphasis>
, MNHN-IE-2019-3879. Scale bars: 5 cm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="FF33EF516426FF9D1194FE83A686FE97" blockId="13.[132,775,215,318]" box="[132,651,294,318]" pageId="13" pageNumber="280">
<emphasis id="CDF833436426FF9D1194FE83A4E8FE97" bold="true" box="[132,229,294,318]" pageId="13" pageNumber="280">No data •</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="4FE4E50C6426FF9D11FBFE83A688FE97" box="[235,645,294,318]" pageId="13" pageNumber="280" specimenCode="MNHN-IE-2019-4320" specimenCount="4">
<specimenCount id="E98A24D86426FF9D11FBFE83A4F5FE97" box="[235,248,294,318]" count="4" pageId="13" pageNumber="280" type="generic">4</specimenCount>
dry individuals;
<specimenCode id="AF2A472A6426FF9D108DFE83A688FE97" box="[413,645,294,318]" pageId="13" pageNumber="280">MNHN-IE-2019-4320</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FF33EF516426FF9D1194FEF3A69EFD49" blockId="13.[130,776,342,736]" pageId="13" pageNumber="280">
<smallCapsWord id="F9D5798D6426FF9D1194FEF3A4E7FEC5" baselines="359,360" box="[132,234,342,365]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Diagnosis" pageId="13" pageNumber="280">DIAGNOSIS</smallCapsWord>
. — Disc pentagonal (
<collectionCode id="999D77946426FF9D10A0FEF3A5CDFEC7" box="[432,448,342,366]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="13" pageNumber="280">R</collectionCode>
/r between 2.1 and 2.5 for specimen
<collectionCode id="999D77946426FF9D1193FED4A49EFE21" box="[131,147,369,392]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="13" pageNumber="280">R</collectionCode>
&gt;
<quantity id="387442B46426FF9D11B7FED5A4E2FE21" box="[167,239,368,392]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="280" unit="mm" value="60.0">60 mm</quantity>
), arms only tapering. Cribriform organs present between all the marginals from the disc to the tip of the arms. Dorsal/abactinal surface of superomarginals covered by cribriform organs, save for large, quadrate bare regions with rounded edges present on dorsolateral surface of each plate. These bare regions smooth, strongly convex. Cribriform organs larger and more developed on the proximal superomarginals of the disc, getting thinner, rudimentary distally. From half length of the arms to the tip, superomarginals in contact abactinally, abutted. Superomarginals 24 to 26 per interbrachium (from arm tip to arm tip) in large individuals (
<collectionCode id="999D77946426FF9D1089FDFAA5A7FDDE" box="[409,426,607,631]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="13" pageNumber="280">R</collectionCode>
&gt;
<quantity id="387442B46426FF9D10ACFDFBA608FDDE" box="[444,517,606,631]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="280" unit="mm" value="50.0">50 mm</quantity>
), 20 to 22 superomarginals for specimens smaller than
<collectionCode id="999D77946426FF9D1095FDDCA598FD39" box="[389,405,633,656]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="13" pageNumber="280">R</collectionCode>
&gt;
<quantity id="387442B46426FF9D10B8FDDCA5E2FD39" box="[424,495,633,657]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="280" unit="mm" value="20.0">20 mm</quantity>
, inferomarginals 26 to 32 per interbrachium. Adambulacrals ossicles with four to six furrow spines, and numerous subambulacral smaller spines or spinelets (more than 10). Abactinal paxillae large, bearing up to 50 spinelets.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FF33EF516426FF9D1194FD5DA5E2FCEC" blockId="13.[132,775,760,837]" pageId="13" pageNumber="280">
<smallCapsWord id="F9D5798D6426FF9D1194FD5DA4F3FCA7" baselines="777,778" box="[132,254,760,783]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Etymology" pageId="13" pageNumber="280">ETYMOLOGY</smallCapsWord>
. — For Dr Christopher L. Mah, an echinoderm zoologist at the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, specialized in
<taxonomicName id="388C94D26426FF9D1091FC88A5E6FCEC" box="[385,491,813,837]" class="Asteroidea" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="13" pageNumber="280" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="class">Asteroidea</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FF33EF516426FF9D1194FCF8A5E8FCDD" blockId="13.[132,485,860,884]" box="[132,485,860,884]" pageId="13" pageNumber="280">
<smallCapsWord id="F9D5798D6426FF9D1194FCF8A4B8FCDB" baselines="878,878" box="[132,181,861,884]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Type" pageId="13" pageNumber="280">
<collectionCode id="999D77946426FF9D1194FCF8A4B8FCDB" box="[132,181,861,884]" pageId="13" pageNumber="280">TYPE</collectionCode>
</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="F9D5798D6426FF9D11ACFCC7A51AFCDA" baselines="879" box="[188,279,866,883]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="locality" pageId="13" pageNumber="280">
<collectionCode id="999D77946426FF9D11ACFCC7A51AFCDA" box="[188,279,866,883]" pageId="13" pageNumber="280">LOCALITY</collectionCode>
</smallCapsWord>
. — Solomon Island.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FF33EF516426FF9D1194FC30A518FC04" blockId="13.[130,777,917,2028]" box="[132,277,917,943]" pageId="13" pageNumber="280">
<smallCapsWord id="F9D5798D6426FF9D1194FC30A518FC04" baselines="936,936" box="[132,277,917,943]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Description" pageId="13" pageNumber="280">DESCRIPTION</smallCapsWord>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FF33EF516426FF9D1194FC10A58AFBC7" blockId="13.[130,777,917,2028]" pageId="13" pageNumber="280">
Arms five, body pentagonal,
<collectionCode id="999D77946426FF9D10D9FC10A5D1FC66" box="[457,476,949,975]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="13" pageNumber="280">R</collectionCode>
/r between 2.1 and 2.5 for specimen
<collectionCode id="999D77946426FF9D11E4FC70A50BFC46" box="[244,262,981,1007]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="13" pageNumber="280">R</collectionCode>
&gt;
<quantity id="387442B46426FF9D1009FC71A567FC46" box="[281,362,980,1007]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="280" unit="mm" value="60.0">60 mm</quantity>
(
<typeStatus id="203751F36426FF9D106AFC71A5D3FC47" box="[378,478,980,1006]" pageId="13" pageNumber="280" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
:
<collectionCode id="999D77946426FF9D10FBFC70A5F0FC46" box="[491,509,981,1007]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="13" pageNumber="280">R</collectionCode>
=
<quantity id="387442B46426FF9D130CFC71A67DFC46" box="[540,624,980,1007]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.9" pageId="13" pageNumber="280" unit="mm" value="69.0">69 mm</quantity>
, r =
<quantity id="387442B46426FF9D13B6FC70A6F6FC46" box="[678,763,981,1007]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="13" pageNumber="280" unit="mm" value="27.0">27 mm</quantity>
), interradial arc weakly curved to straight (
<figureCitation id="67B7F3D46426FF9D1343FC51A69BFBA7" box="[595,662,1012,1038]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="12.[132,143,1985,2003]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1878]" captionTargetId="figure-78@12.[698,1267,768,1324]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIG. 6. — Benthogenia mahi n. sp. in abactinal (A, C, E) and actinal view (B, D, F): A, B, holotype MNHN-IE-2013-2216; C, D, MNHN-IE-2007-1580; E, F, MNHN- IE-2019-3879. Scale bars: 5 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11196456" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11196456/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="280">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
). Marginals forming distinct periphery. Arms robust, slightly larger than high in mid-section (MNHN-IE-2019-3879: height =
<quantity id="387442B46426FF9D1194FBF1A4D0FBC6" box="[132,221,1108,1135]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.4" pageId="13" pageNumber="280" unit="mm" value="8.4">8.4 mm</quantity>
; width:
<quantity id="387442B46426FF9D1025FBF1A577FBC7" box="[309,378,1108,1134]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="280" unit="mm" value="9.0">9 mm</quantity>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FF33EF516426FF9D118BFBD1A709FAE4" blockId="13.[130,777,917,2028]" pageId="13" pageNumber="280">
Abactinal surface covered by densely packed paxillae. Paxillae at arm base, each with 30 to 50 spinelets, those at disc center, each with fewer than 20, usually five to 15. Paxillae closest to the superomarginal contact, displaying fewer than 10 spinelets Madreporite big, close to the marginal edge of the disc, about
<quantity id="387442B46426FF9D1011FAB1A54FFA87" box="[257,322,1300,1326]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="280" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
away from the superomarginals. Partially covered by spinelets, deep ridges of the madreporite visible.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FF33EF516426FF9D118BFAF6A13EFE78" blockId="13.[130,777,917,2028]" lastBlockId="13.[810,1457,215,1007]" pageId="13" pageNumber="280">
Superomarginals 24 to 26 per interbrachium of which eight are along the disc in large individuals (
<collectionCode id="999D77946426FF9D1349FAD6A661FA24" box="[601,620,1395,1421]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="13" pageNumber="280">R</collectionCode>
&gt;
<quantity id="387442B46426FF9D136FFAD6A6DCFA24" box="[639,721,1395,1422]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="280" unit="mm" value="50.0">50 mm</quantity>
), less in smaller individuals, inferomarginals 26 to 32 per interbrachium (MNHN-IE-2019-3811,
<collectionCode id="999D77946426FF9D131AFA16A611FA64" box="[522,540,1459,1485]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="13" pageNumber="280">R</collectionCode>
=
<quantity id="387442B46426FF9D1327FA16A687FA64" box="[567,650,1459,1485]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="13" pageNumber="280" unit="mm" value="16.0">16 mm</quantity>
: 20 superomarginals and 20 inferomarginals; MNHN-IE-2009-2066,
<collectionCode id="999D77946426FF9D1194FA56A49BF9A4" box="[132,150,1523,1549]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="13" pageNumber="280">R</collectionCode>
=
<quantity id="387442B46426FF9D11A6FA56A506F9A4" box="[182,267,1523,1549]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="13" pageNumber="280" unit="mm" value="18.0">18 mm</quantity>
: 22 superomarginals and 24 inferomarginals). Superomarginals abutted along the distal half part of the arms. Superomarginals higher than long, more so proximally, superomarginals in the middle of the arms larger with cubic or quadrate shape. Inferomarginals and superomarginals aligned around the disc up to mid-arms, inferomarginals smaller and offset compared to the superomarginals distally. Cribriform organs well developed, extending from the lateral sides of the inferomarginals to the lateral sides and abactinal edge of the superomarginals (
<figureCitation id="67B7F3D46426FF9D1079F8B7A5ECF885" box="[361,481,1810,1836]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[132,143,1387,1405]" captionTargetBox="[131,1457,213,1335]" captionTargetId="figure-352@8.[698,1267,213,775]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 2. — Cribriform organs on the marginals of the disc: A, B, Benthogenia cribellosa Fisher, 1911 MNHN-IE-2019-3848; C, D, Benthogenia mahi n. sp. MNHN- IE-2019-3879. Abbreviations: im, inferomarginals; sm, superomarginals. Scale bars: A, C, 1 cm; B, D, 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11196448" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11196448/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="280">Figs 2C, D</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="67B7F3D46426FF9D10FCF8B7A63DF885" box="[492,560,1810,1836]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="9.[132,143,1962,1980]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1878]" captionTargetId="figure-94@9.[698,1267,768,1324]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIG. 3. — Marginals and arms in abactinal view of Benthogenia cribellosa Fisher, 1911 (A, C, E) and Benthogenia mahi n. sp. (B, D, F): A, holotype USNM 28655; B, holotype MNHN-IE-2013-2216; C, E, MNHN-IE-2019-3848; D, F, MNHN-IE-2019-3879. Abbreviations:im, inferomarginals;pax, paxillae;sm, superomarginals. Scale bars: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11196450" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11196450/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="280">3B, D</figureCitation>
). Cribriform organs covering the middle of the arms between the abutted superomarginals, until the terminals (
<figureCitation id="67B7F3D46426FF9D10D9F8F4A617F8C5" box="[457,538,1873,1900]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="9.[132,143,1962,1980]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1878]" captionTargetId="figure-94@9.[698,1267,768,1324]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIG. 3. — Marginals and arms in abactinal view of Benthogenia cribellosa Fisher, 1911 (A, C, E) and Benthogenia mahi n. sp. (B, D, F): A, holotype USNM 28655; B, holotype MNHN-IE-2013-2216; C, E, MNHN-IE-2019-3848; D, F, MNHN-IE-2019-3879. Abbreviations:im, inferomarginals;pax, paxillae;sm, superomarginals. Scale bars: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11196450" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11196450/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="280">Figs 3F</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="67B7F3D46426FF9D1334F8F7A648F8C5" box="[548,581,1874,1900]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="10.[132,143,1939,1957]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1878]" captionTargetId="figure-130@10.[698,1267,768,1324]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIG. 4. — Ambulacral furrow and distal part of the arm of Benthogenia cribellosa Fisher,1911 MNHN-IE-2019-3848 (A, C, E) and Benthogenia mahi n. sp. MNHN- IE-2019-3879 (B, D, F): A, B, proximal part of the ambulacral furrow; C, D, distal part of the ambulacral furrow; E, F, distal view of the arm showing terminal ossicle. Abbreviations: adamb, adambulacral; amb, ambulacral; fur sp, furrow spines; im, inferomarginals; im sp, inferomarginal spines; sm, superomarginals; sm sp, superomarginal spines. Scale bars: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11196452" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11196452/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="280">4F</figureCitation>
). The marginals of the disc with the most extensive cribriform organs, covering up to half of the ossicle surfaces (abactinal and lateral sides of the superomarginals), with a bare central area left (
<figureCitation id="67B7F3D46426FF9D139BF814A70CF865" box="[651,769,1969,1996]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[132,143,1387,1405]" captionTargetBox="[131,1457,213,1335]" captionTargetId="figure-352@8.[698,1267,213,775]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 2. — Cribriform organs on the marginals of the disc: A, B, Benthogenia cribellosa Fisher, 1911 MNHN-IE-2019-3848; C, D, Benthogenia mahi n. sp. MNHN- IE-2019-3879. Abbreviations: im, inferomarginals; sm, superomarginals. Scale bars: A, C, 1 cm; B, D, 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11196448" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11196448/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="280">Figs 2C, D</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="67B7F3D46426FF9D1192F874A4A9F842" box="[130,164,2001,2027]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="9.[132,143,1962,1980]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1878]" captionTargetId="figure-94@9.[698,1267,768,1324]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIG. 3. — Marginals and arms in abactinal view of Benthogenia cribellosa Fisher, 1911 (A, C, E) and Benthogenia mahi n. sp. (B, D, F): A, holotype USNM 28655; B, holotype MNHN-IE-2013-2216; C, E, MNHN-IE-2019-3848; D, F, MNHN-IE-2019-3879. Abbreviations:im, inferomarginals;pax, paxillae;sm, superomarginals. Scale bars: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11196450" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11196450/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="280">3B</figureCitation>
). Inferomarginals with extensive cribriform organs on the sides and bare central area. Extension of the cribriform organs diminishing along the arms, rudimentary distally (
<figureCitation id="67B7F3D46426FF9D145EFF52A1ACFEB8" box="[1358,1441,247,273]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="10.[132,143,1939,1957]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1878]" captionTargetId="figure-130@10.[698,1267,768,1324]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIG. 4. — Ambulacral furrow and distal part of the arm of Benthogenia cribellosa Fisher,1911 MNHN-IE-2019-3848 (A, C, E) and Benthogenia mahi n. sp. MNHN- IE-2019-3879 (B, D, F): A, B, proximal part of the ambulacral furrow; C, D, distal part of the ambulacral furrow; E, F, distal view of the arm showing terminal ossicle. Abbreviations: adamb, adambulacral; amb, ambulacral; fur sp, furrow spines; im, inferomarginals; im sp, inferomarginal spines; sm, superomarginals; sm sp, superomarginal spines. Scale bars: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11196452" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11196452/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="280">Fig. 4F</figureCitation>
). Rest of the marginal ossicles mostly bare, with a slight granular texture (
<figureCitation id="67B7F3D46426FF9D12B5FE92A7F8FEF8" box="[933,1013,311,337]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="10.[132,143,1939,1957]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1878]" captionTargetId="figure-130@10.[698,1267,768,1324]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIG. 4. — Ambulacral furrow and distal part of the arm of Benthogenia cribellosa Fisher,1911 MNHN-IE-2019-3848 (A, C, E) and Benthogenia mahi n. sp. MNHN- IE-2019-3879 (B, D, F): A, B, proximal part of the ambulacral furrow; C, D, distal part of the ambulacral furrow; E, F, distal view of the arm showing terminal ossicle. Abbreviations: adamb, adambulacral; amb, ambulacral; fur sp, furrow spines; im, inferomarginals; im sp, inferomarginal spines; sm, superomarginals; sm sp, superomarginal spines. Scale bars: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11196452" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11196452/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="280">Fig. 4F</figureCitation>
). Some superomarginals with small spines directed abactinally, not present in all specimens. Small spines on inferomarginals directed actinally (
<figureCitation id="67B7F3D46426FF9D15A9FED2A105FE38" box="[1209,1288,375,401]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="10.[132,143,1939,1957]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1878]" captionTargetId="figure-130@10.[698,1267,768,1324]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIG. 4. — Ambulacral furrow and distal part of the arm of Benthogenia cribellosa Fisher,1911 MNHN-IE-2019-3848 (A, C, E) and Benthogenia mahi n. sp. MNHN- IE-2019-3879 (B, D, F): A, B, proximal part of the ambulacral furrow; C, D, distal part of the ambulacral furrow; E, F, distal view of the arm showing terminal ossicle. Abbreviations: adamb, adambulacral; amb, ambulacral; fur sp, furrow spines; im, inferomarginals; im sp, inferomarginal spines; sm, superomarginals; sm sp, superomarginal spines. Scale bars: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11196452" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11196452/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="280">Fig. 4F</figureCitation>
; present in only MNHN-IE-2013-2233, MNHN-IE-2019-3879 and one of the four individuals of MNHN-IE-2019-4320).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FF33EF516426FF9D1253FE73A1A0FDD9" blockId="13.[810,1457,215,1007]" pageId="13" pageNumber="280">
Terminal ossicles big (
<quantity id="387442B46426FF9D153BFE73A094FE58" box="[1067,1177,470,497]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="280" unit="mm" value="8.0" valueMax="9.0" valueMin="7.0">7 to 9 mm</quantity>
total length for specimens
<collectionCode id="999D77946426FF9D123BFE52A730FDB8" box="[811,829,503,529]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="13" pageNumber="280">R</collectionCode>
&gt;
<quantity id="387442B46426FF9D1242FE53A7ADFDB9" box="[850,928,502,529]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="280" unit="mm" value="50.0">50 mm</quantity>
), oval shaped, resting on the three or four distalmost superomarginals on each side of the arm, resting on six to eight superomarginals in total.Terminals with granular texture similar to the marginals, most often bearing spines (
<figureCitation id="67B7F3D46426FF9D1440FDF3A1ACFDD9" box="[1360,1441,598,624]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="10.[132,143,1939,1957]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1878]" captionTargetId="figure-130@10.[698,1267,768,1324]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIG. 4. — Ambulacral furrow and distal part of the arm of Benthogenia cribellosa Fisher,1911 MNHN-IE-2019-3848 (A, C, E) and Benthogenia mahi n. sp. MNHN- IE-2019-3879 (B, D, F): A, B, proximal part of the ambulacral furrow; C, D, distal part of the ambulacral furrow; E, F, distal view of the arm showing terminal ossicle. Abbreviations: adamb, adambulacral; amb, ambulacral; fur sp, furrow spines; im, inferomarginals; im sp, inferomarginal spines; sm, superomarginals; sm sp, superomarginal spines. Scale bars: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11196452" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11196452/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="280">Fig. 4F</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FF33EF516426FF9D1253FDD3A142FC47" blockId="13.[810,1457,215,1007]" pageId="13" pageNumber="280">
Actinal plates scalar, imbricate, extending up to 90% of the arms. Actinals covered in small spinelets, up to 15-17 spinelets on bigger actinals around the mouth. Ambulacrals with four to seven diamond-shaped furrow spines, most often four to six (
<figureCitation id="67B7F3D46426FF9D1249FD50A7DDFCA6" box="[857,976,757,783]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="10.[132,143,1939,1957]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1878]" captionTargetId="figure-130@10.[698,1267,768,1324]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIG. 4. — Ambulacral furrow and distal part of the arm of Benthogenia cribellosa Fisher,1911 MNHN-IE-2019-3848 (A, C, E) and Benthogenia mahi n. sp. MNHN- IE-2019-3879 (B, D, F): A, B, proximal part of the ambulacral furrow; C, D, distal part of the ambulacral furrow; E, F, distal view of the arm showing terminal ossicle. Abbreviations: adamb, adambulacral; amb, ambulacral; fur sp, furrow spines; im, inferomarginals; im sp, inferomarginal spines; sm, superomarginals; sm sp, superomarginal spines. Scale bars: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11196452" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11196452/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="280">Fig. 4B, D</figureCitation>
) and 10 to 15 smaller blunt subambulacral spines. Oral ossicles big, with seven to nine spines bordering the ambulacral groove (furrow spines), among which the proximalmost spines bigger, tooth-like and directed toward the mouth (
<figureCitation id="67B7F3D46426FF9D12BDFCD0A02EFC26" box="[941,1059,885,912]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="11.[133,143,1377,1395]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1334]" captionTargetId="figure-358@11.[698,1267,213,775]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIG. 5. — Oral frame of Benthogenia cribellosa Fisher, 1911 (A, C) and Benthogenia mahi n. sp. (B, D): A, holotype of Benthogenia cribellosa USNM 28655; B, holotype and Benthogenia mahi n. sp. MNHN-IE-2013-2216; C, MNHN-IE-2019-3848; D, MNHN-IE-2019-3879. Scale bars: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11196454" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11196454/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="280">Fig. 5B, D</figureCitation>
). Rest of the furrow spines similar in shape to ambulacral furrow spines. Remainder of the orals surface covered by small spinelets similar to the one on the actinals, up to 20 spinelets (subambulacral spines).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FF33EF516426FF9D123DFBB0A06DFB87" blockId="13.[811,1458,1044,1900]" box="[813,1120,1044,1070]" pageId="13" pageNumber="280">
<emphasis id="CDF833436426FF9D123DFBB0A06DFB87" box="[813,1120,1044,1070]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="280">Description of internal ossicles</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FF33EF516426FF9D123DFB91A7F3FA04" blockId="13.[811,1458,1044,1900]" pageId="13" pageNumber="280">
<emphasis id="CDF833436426FF9D123DFB91A7C6FBE7" bold="true" box="[813,971,1076,1102]" pageId="13" pageNumber="280">Mouth frame.</emphasis>
Oral ossicles (
<figureCitation id="67B7F3D46426FF9D157FFB91A0E8FBE7" box="[1135,1253,1076,1102]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="14.[132,143,1894,1912]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1851]" captionTargetId="figure-224@14.[628,1095,1025,1390]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIG. 7. — Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of the orals (A, B), 1st ambulacrals (C, D), odontophores (E-F), ambulacrals (G-L), and adambulacrals (M-O) of Benthogenia mahi n. sp., specimen MNHN-IE-2013-2199: A, oral in adradial view;B, oral in abradial view;C, 1st ambulacral in adradial view;D, 1st ambulacral in abradial view; E, odontophore in actinal view;F, odontophore in abactinal view; G, second ambulacral in adradial view; H, third ambulacral in abradial view; I, K, ambulacrals in abradial view; J, ambulacral in abradial view; L, ambulacral in abactinal view; M, adambulacral in abactinal view; N, O, adambulacrals in actinal view. Colored areas indicate the presence of a differentiated stereom. See Table 2 for abbreviations. Proximal direction to the left, actinal direction to the bottom except for M-O, adradial direction to the top. Scale bars: A-I, M-O, 2 mm; J-L, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11196460" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11196460/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="280">Fig. 7A, B</figureCitation>
) with a blade like shaped body directed proximally and two processes (proximal
<emphasis id="CDF833436426FF9D124EFBD0A792FB27" box="[862,927,1141,1166]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="280">prox.p</emphasis>
and distal
<emphasis id="CDF833436426FF9D150DFBD1A05BFB27" box="[1053,1110,1140,1166]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="280">dist.p</emphasis>
), with a straight line of denser stereom where the furrow spines are attached (
<emphasis id="CDF833436426FF9D140EFB31A141FB07" box="[1310,1356,1172,1198]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="280">f.spa</emphasis>
,
<figureCitation id="67B7F3D46426FF9D144AFB31A1A4FB07" box="[1370,1449,1172,1198]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="14.[132,143,1894,1912]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1851]" captionTargetId="figure-224@14.[628,1095,1025,1390]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIG. 7. — Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of the orals (A, B), 1st ambulacrals (C, D), odontophores (E-F), ambulacrals (G-L), and adambulacrals (M-O) of Benthogenia mahi n. sp., specimen MNHN-IE-2013-2199: A, oral in adradial view;B, oral in abradial view;C, 1st ambulacral in adradial view;D, 1st ambulacral in abradial view; E, odontophore in actinal view;F, odontophore in abactinal view; G, second ambulacral in adradial view; H, third ambulacral in abradial view; I, K, ambulacrals in abradial view; J, ambulacral in abradial view; L, ambulacral in abactinal view; M, adambulacral in abactinal view; N, O, adambulacrals in actinal view. Colored areas indicate the presence of a differentiated stereom. See Table 2 for abbreviations. Proximal direction to the left, actinal direction to the bottom except for M-O, adradial direction to the top. Scale bars: A-I, M-O, 2 mm; J-L, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11196460" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11196460/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="280">Fig. 7A</figureCitation>
) on the actinal surface. Additional spine attachment structure on the blade (
<emphasis id="CDF833436426FF9D12D0FB71A7EDFB44" box="[960,992,1236,1261]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="280">spa</emphasis>
,
<figureCitation id="67B7F3D46426FF9D12FEFB71A04DFB47" box="[1006,1088,1236,1262]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="14.[132,143,1894,1912]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1851]" captionTargetId="figure-224@14.[628,1095,1025,1390]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIG. 7. — Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of the orals (A, B), 1st ambulacrals (C, D), odontophores (E-F), ambulacrals (G-L), and adambulacrals (M-O) of Benthogenia mahi n. sp., specimen MNHN-IE-2013-2199: A, oral in adradial view;B, oral in abradial view;C, 1st ambulacral in adradial view;D, 1st ambulacral in abradial view; E, odontophore in actinal view;F, odontophore in abactinal view; G, second ambulacral in adradial view; H, third ambulacral in abradial view; I, K, ambulacrals in abradial view; J, ambulacral in abradial view; L, ambulacral in abactinal view; M, adambulacral in abactinal view; N, O, adambulacrals in actinal view. Colored areas indicate the presence of a differentiated stereom. See Table 2 for abbreviations. Proximal direction to the left, actinal direction to the bottom except for M-O, adradial direction to the top. Scale bars: A-I, M-O, 2 mm; J-L, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11196460" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11196460/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="280">Fig. 7A</figureCitation>
). In distal position, approximately 25 percents of the length of the ossicle, muscle insertion
<emphasis id="CDF833436426FF9D1481FB51A765FA84" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="280">oradam</emphasis>
and articulation
<emphasis id="CDF833436426FF9D1531FAB6A056FA84" box="[1057,1115,1299,1325]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="280">orada</emphasis>
with the adambulacral. Muscle insertion
<emphasis id="CDF833436426FF9D1284FA96A7C1FAE4" box="[916,972,1331,1357]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="280">odom</emphasis>
(with the odontophore) large, in the middle of the blade, between two distinct articulation areas
<emphasis id="CDF833436426FF9D146FFAF1A1AAFAC4" box="[1407,1447,1364,1389]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="280">iioa</emphasis>
. Muscle insertion area
<emphasis id="CDF833436426FF9D150BFAD1A058FA24" box="[1051,1109,1396,1421]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="280">aciim</emphasis>
narrow, on the proximal end of the blade (
<figureCitation id="67B7F3D46426FF9D128EFA36A7FFFA04" box="[926,1010,1427,1453]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="14.[132,143,1894,1912]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1851]" captionTargetId="figure-224@14.[628,1095,1025,1390]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIG. 7. — Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of the orals (A, B), 1st ambulacrals (C, D), odontophores (E-F), ambulacrals (G-L), and adambulacrals (M-O) of Benthogenia mahi n. sp., specimen MNHN-IE-2013-2199: A, oral in adradial view;B, oral in abradial view;C, 1st ambulacral in adradial view;D, 1st ambulacral in abradial view; E, odontophore in actinal view;F, odontophore in abactinal view; G, second ambulacral in adradial view; H, third ambulacral in abradial view; I, K, ambulacrals in abradial view; J, ambulacral in abradial view; L, ambulacral in abactinal view; M, adambulacral in abactinal view; N, O, adambulacrals in actinal view. Colored areas indicate the presence of a differentiated stereom. See Table 2 for abbreviations. Proximal direction to the left, actinal direction to the bottom except for M-O, adradial direction to the top. Scale bars: A-I, M-O, 2 mm; J-L, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11196460" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11196460/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="280">Fig. 7B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FF33EF516426FF9D1253FA16A128F924" blockId="13.[811,1458,1044,1900]" pageId="13" pageNumber="280">
Odontophore bilaterally symmetrical, with proximal and distal processes (
<figureCitation id="67B7F3D46426FF9D12C6FA76A04DFA44" box="[982,1088,1491,1517]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="14.[132,143,1894,1912]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1851]" captionTargetId="figure-224@14.[628,1095,1025,1390]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIG. 7. — Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of the orals (A, B), 1st ambulacrals (C, D), odontophores (E-F), ambulacrals (G-L), and adambulacrals (M-O) of Benthogenia mahi n. sp., specimen MNHN-IE-2013-2199: A, oral in adradial view;B, oral in abradial view;C, 1st ambulacral in adradial view;D, 1st ambulacral in abradial view; E, odontophore in actinal view;F, odontophore in abactinal view; G, second ambulacral in adradial view; H, third ambulacral in abradial view; I, K, ambulacrals in abradial view; J, ambulacral in abradial view; L, ambulacral in abactinal view; M, adambulacral in abactinal view; N, O, adambulacrals in actinal view. Colored areas indicate the presence of a differentiated stereom. See Table 2 for abbreviations. Proximal direction to the left, actinal direction to the bottom except for M-O, adradial direction to the top. Scale bars: A-I, M-O, 2 mm; J-L, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11196460" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11196460/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="280">Fig. 7E, F</figureCitation>
). The actinal median process, called the
<emphasis id="CDF833436426FF9D1248FA56A772F9A4" box="[856,895,1523,1549]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="280">keel</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="67B7F3D46426FF9D129FFA56A7EEF9A4" box="[911,995,1523,1549]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="14.[132,143,1894,1912]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1851]" captionTargetId="figure-224@14.[628,1095,1025,1390]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIG. 7. — Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of the orals (A, B), 1st ambulacrals (C, D), odontophores (E-F), ambulacrals (G-L), and adambulacrals (M-O) of Benthogenia mahi n. sp., specimen MNHN-IE-2013-2199: A, oral in adradial view;B, oral in abradial view;C, 1st ambulacral in adradial view;D, 1st ambulacral in abradial view; E, odontophore in actinal view;F, odontophore in abactinal view; G, second ambulacral in adradial view; H, third ambulacral in abradial view; I, K, ambulacrals in abradial view; J, ambulacral in abradial view; L, ambulacral in abactinal view; M, adambulacral in abactinal view; N, O, adambulacrals in actinal view. Colored areas indicate the presence of a differentiated stereom. See Table 2 for abbreviations. Proximal direction to the left, actinal direction to the bottom except for M-O, adradial direction to the top. Scale bars: A-I, M-O, 2 mm; J-L, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11196460" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11196460/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="280">Fig. 7E</figureCitation>
), relatively shallow, not very pronounced. Abactinal surface of the odontophore flat (
<figureCitation id="67B7F3D46426FF9D15FEF9B7A133F984" box="[1262,1342,1554,1581]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="14.[132,143,1894,1912]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1851]" captionTargetId="figure-224@14.[628,1095,1025,1390]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIG. 7. — Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of the orals (A, B), 1st ambulacrals (C, D), odontophores (E-F), ambulacrals (G-L), and adambulacrals (M-O) of Benthogenia mahi n. sp., specimen MNHN-IE-2013-2199: A, oral in adradial view;B, oral in abradial view;C, 1st ambulacral in adradial view;D, 1st ambulacral in abradial view; E, odontophore in actinal view;F, odontophore in abactinal view; G, second ambulacral in adradial view; H, third ambulacral in abradial view; I, K, ambulacrals in abradial view; J, ambulacral in abradial view; L, ambulacral in abactinal view; M, adambulacral in abactinal view; N, O, adambulacrals in actinal view. Colored areas indicate the presence of a differentiated stereom. See Table 2 for abbreviations. Proximal direction to the left, actinal direction to the bottom except for M-O, adradial direction to the top. Scale bars: A-I, M-O, 2 mm; J-L, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11196460" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11196460/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="280">Fig. 7F</figureCitation>
). Proximal processes well pronounced and projected actinally, ending with the articulation area
<emphasis id="CDF833436426FF9D1556F9F7A075F9C5" box="[1094,1144,1618,1644]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="280">poda</emphasis>
. Distal processes slightly less developed, each with an articulation area
<emphasis id="CDF833436426FF9D15FCF9D7A113F925" box="[1260,1310,1650,1676]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="280">doda</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FF33EF516426FF9D1253F937A1BFF8C2" blockId="13.[811,1458,1044,1900]" pageId="13" pageNumber="280">
First ambulacrals (
<figureCitation id="67B7F3D46426FF9D151BF937A08BF905" box="[1035,1158,1682,1708]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="14.[132,143,1894,1912]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1851]" captionTargetId="figure-224@14.[628,1095,1025,1390]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIG. 7. — Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of the orals (A, B), 1st ambulacrals (C, D), odontophores (E-F), ambulacrals (G-L), and adambulacrals (M-O) of Benthogenia mahi n. sp., specimen MNHN-IE-2013-2199: A, oral in adradial view;B, oral in abradial view;C, 1st ambulacral in adradial view;D, 1st ambulacral in abradial view; E, odontophore in actinal view;F, odontophore in abactinal view; G, second ambulacral in adradial view; H, third ambulacral in abradial view; I, K, ambulacrals in abradial view; J, ambulacral in abradial view; L, ambulacral in abactinal view; M, adambulacral in abactinal view; N, O, adambulacrals in actinal view. Colored areas indicate the presence of a differentiated stereom. See Table 2 for abbreviations. Proximal direction to the left, actinal direction to the bottom except for M-O, adradial direction to the top. Scale bars: A-I, M-O, 2 mm; J-L, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11196460" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11196460/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="280">Fig. 7C, D</figureCitation>
), also called circumoral ossicles, strongly differentiated from all the other ambulacrals, “inversed Y”-shaped, with a long shaft and a pointed head. The base of the first ambulacrals with two processes, proximal and distal, each articulated with the corresponding processes of the oral ossicles. Proximal process slightly shorter, distal process slightly longer and larger due to abactinal extension.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FF33EF516426FF9F123CF834A57DFB47" blockId="13.[811,1457,1937,2028]" lastBlockId="15.[130,777,917,1772]" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="282" pageId="13" pageNumber="280">
<emphasis id="CDF833436426FF9D123CF834A000F802" bold="true" box="[812,1037,1937,1963]" pageId="13" pageNumber="280">Ambulacral skeleton.</emphasis>
The most proximal ambulacrals (second and third ambulacrals;
<figureCitation id="67B7F3D46426FF9D153AF814A0A8F862" box="[1066,1189,1969,1995]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="14.[132,143,1894,1912]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1851]" captionTargetId="figure-224@14.[628,1095,1025,1390]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIG. 7. — Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of the orals (A, B), 1st ambulacrals (C, D), odontophores (E-F), ambulacrals (G-L), and adambulacrals (M-O) of Benthogenia mahi n. sp., specimen MNHN-IE-2013-2199: A, oral in adradial view;B, oral in abradial view;C, 1st ambulacral in adradial view;D, 1st ambulacral in abradial view; E, odontophore in actinal view;F, odontophore in abactinal view; G, second ambulacral in adradial view; H, third ambulacral in abradial view; I, K, ambulacrals in abradial view; J, ambulacral in abradial view; L, ambulacral in abactinal view; M, adambulacral in abactinal view; N, O, adambulacrals in actinal view. Colored areas indicate the presence of a differentiated stereom. See Table 2 for abbreviations. Proximal direction to the left, actinal direction to the bottom except for M-O, adradial direction to the top. Scale bars: A-I, M-O, 2 mm; J-L, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11196460" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11196460/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="280">Fig. 7G, H</figureCitation>
) compressed because of the first ambulacrals leaning on distally. Second ambulacral with an “s”-shaped body, head severely compressed (
<figureCitation id="67B7F3D46424FF9F13B5FC30A6F4FC06" box="[677,761,917,943]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="14.[132,143,1894,1912]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1851]" captionTargetId="figure-224@14.[628,1095,1025,1390]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIG. 7. — Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of the orals (A, B), 1st ambulacrals (C, D), odontophores (E-F), ambulacrals (G-L), and adambulacrals (M-O) of Benthogenia mahi n. sp., specimen MNHN-IE-2013-2199: A, oral in adradial view;B, oral in abradial view;C, 1st ambulacral in adradial view;D, 1st ambulacral in abradial view; E, odontophore in actinal view;F, odontophore in abactinal view; G, second ambulacral in adradial view; H, third ambulacral in abradial view; I, K, ambulacrals in abradial view; J, ambulacral in abradial view; L, ambulacral in abactinal view; M, adambulacral in abactinal view; N, O, adambulacrals in actinal view. Colored areas indicate the presence of a differentiated stereom. See Table 2 for abbreviations. Proximal direction to the left, actinal direction to the bottom except for M-O, adradial direction to the top. Scale bars: A-I, M-O, 2 mm; J-L, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11196460" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11196460/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="282">Fig. 7G</figureCitation>
), leaning in distal direction, with elongated articulation with the first ambulacral. Third ambulacral also with its head leaning distally, but not compressed. Rest of the ambulacrals (
<figureCitation id="67B7F3D46424FF9F119BFBB1A4C6FB87" box="[139,203,1044,1070]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="14.[132,143,1894,1912]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1851]" captionTargetId="figure-224@14.[628,1095,1025,1390]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIG. 7. — Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of the orals (A, B), 1st ambulacrals (C, D), odontophores (E-F), ambulacrals (G-L), and adambulacrals (M-O) of Benthogenia mahi n. sp., specimen MNHN-IE-2013-2199: A, oral in adradial view;B, oral in abradial view;C, 1st ambulacral in adradial view;D, 1st ambulacral in abradial view; E, odontophore in actinal view;F, odontophore in abactinal view; G, second ambulacral in adradial view; H, third ambulacral in abradial view; I, K, ambulacrals in abradial view; J, ambulacral in abradial view; L, ambulacral in abactinal view; M, adambulacral in abactinal view; N, O, adambulacrals in actinal view. Colored areas indicate the presence of a differentiated stereom. See Table 2 for abbreviations. Proximal direction to the left, actinal direction to the bottom except for M-O, adradial direction to the top. Scale bars: A-I, M-O, 2 mm; J-L, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11196460" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11196460/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="282">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
I-L) more robust, hourglass-shaped with large shaft, head slightly leaning in the proximal direction.
<emphasis id="CDF833436424FF9F138EFB91A6DBFBE7" box="[670,726,1076,1102]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="282">Teeth</emphasis>
and abactinal muscle insertion
<emphasis id="CDF833436424FF9F10B0FBF1A5EFFBC7" box="[416,482,1108,1134]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="282">abtam</emphasis>
present on the entire length of the head (
<figureCitation id="67B7F3D46424FF9F1000FBD1A569FB27" box="[272,356,1140,1166]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="14.[132,143,1894,1912]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1851]" captionTargetId="figure-224@14.[628,1095,1025,1390]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIG. 7. — Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of the orals (A, B), 1st ambulacrals (C, D), odontophores (E-F), ambulacrals (G-L), and adambulacrals (M-O) of Benthogenia mahi n. sp., specimen MNHN-IE-2013-2199: A, oral in adradial view;B, oral in abradial view;C, 1st ambulacral in adradial view;D, 1st ambulacral in abradial view; E, odontophore in actinal view;F, odontophore in abactinal view; G, second ambulacral in adradial view; H, third ambulacral in abradial view; I, K, ambulacrals in abradial view; J, ambulacral in abradial view; L, ambulacral in abactinal view; M, adambulacral in abactinal view; N, O, adambulacrals in actinal view. Colored areas indicate the presence of a differentiated stereom. See Table 2 for abbreviations. Proximal direction to the left, actinal direction to the bottom except for M-O, adradial direction to the top. Scale bars: A-I, M-O, 2 mm; J-L, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11196460" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11196460/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="282">Fig. 7L</figureCitation>
). Actinal ridge
<emphasis id="CDF833436424FF9F131FFBD0A630FB27" box="[527,573,1141,1166]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="282">act.r</emphasis>
well pronounced, forming an “Y” shape from the muscle insertion
<emphasis id="CDF833436424FF9F13B8FB30A6EAFB07" box="[680,743,1173,1198]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="282">actam</emphasis>
to the base of the ambulacrals (
<figureCitation id="67B7F3D46424FF9F10A6FB11A62BFB67" box="[438,550,1204,1230]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="14.[132,143,1894,1912]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1851]" captionTargetId="figure-224@14.[628,1095,1025,1390]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIG. 7. — Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of the orals (A, B), 1st ambulacrals (C, D), odontophores (E-F), ambulacrals (G-L), and adambulacrals (M-O) of Benthogenia mahi n. sp., specimen MNHN-IE-2013-2199: A, oral in adradial view;B, oral in abradial view;C, 1st ambulacral in adradial view;D, 1st ambulacral in abradial view; E, odontophore in actinal view;F, odontophore in abactinal view; G, second ambulacral in adradial view; H, third ambulacral in abradial view; I, K, ambulacrals in abradial view; J, ambulacral in abradial view; L, ambulacral in abactinal view; M, adambulacral in abactinal view; N, O, adambulacrals in actinal view. Colored areas indicate the presence of a differentiated stereom. See Table 2 for abbreviations. Proximal direction to the left, actinal direction to the bottom except for M-O, adradial direction to the top. Scale bars: A-I, M-O, 2 mm; J-L, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11196460" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11196460/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="282">Fig. 7H, J</figureCitation>
). Proximal and distal wings well developed.
</paragraph>
<caption id="ABF3BFD96425FF9E1194F8C3A7A6F840" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11196460" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11196460" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11196460/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="281" startId="14.[132,143,1894,1912]" targetBox="[132,1455,215,1851]" targetPageId="14" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="FF33EF516425FF9E1194F8C3A7A6F840" blockId="14.[132,1455,1894,2025]" pageId="14" pageNumber="281">
<smallCapsWord id="F9D5798D6425FF9E1194F8C3A490F8DE" baselines="1907,1908" box="[132,157,1894,1912]" lowerCaseFontSize="5" mainFontSize="7" normCase="title" normString="Fig" pageId="14" pageNumber="281">FIG</smallCapsWord>
. 7. — Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of the orals (
<emphasis id="CDF833436425FF9E13D1F8C3A6C3F8D1" bold="true" box="[705,718,1894,1912]" pageId="14" pageNumber="281">A</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="CDF833436425FF9E13C9F8C3A6EBF8D1" bold="true" box="[729,742,1894,1912]" pageId="14" pageNumber="281">B</emphasis>
), 1st ambulacrals (
<emphasis id="CDF833436425FF9E1297F8C3A798F8D1" bold="true" box="[903,917,1894,1912]" pageId="14" pageNumber="281">C</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="CDF833436425FF9E12B1F8C3A7A2F8D1" bold="true" box="[929,943,1894,1912]" pageId="14" pageNumber="281">D</emphasis>
), odontophores (
<emphasis id="CDF833436425FF9E152FF8C3A050F8D1" bold="true" box="[1087,1117,1894,1912]" pageId="14" pageNumber="281">E -F</emphasis>
), ambulacrals (
<emphasis id="CDF833436425FF9E15CEF8C3A0F3F8D1" bold="true" box="[1246,1278,1894,1912]" pageId="14" pageNumber="281">G -L</emphasis>
), and adambulacrals (
<emphasis id="CDF833436425FF9E1199F8D8A4BDF827" bold="true" box="[137,176,1916,1935]" pageId="14" pageNumber="281">M -O</emphasis>
) of
<taxonomicName id="388C94D26425FF9E11DEF8D8A569F826" authority="Fau, 2024" authorityName="Fau" authorityYear="2024" box="[206,356,1917,1935]" class="Asteroidea" family="Porcellanasteridae" genus="Benthogenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="14" pageNumber="281" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="mahi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="CDF833436425FF9E11DEF8D8A569F826" box="[206,356,1917,1935]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="281">Benthogenia mahi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D6CB8E386425FF9E1078F8D8A597F826" box="[360,410,1917,1935]" pageId="14" pageNumber="281" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, specimen MNHN-IE-2013-2199:
<emphasis id="CDF833436425FF9E13A1F8D8A6B3F826" bold="true" box="[689,702,1917,1935]" pageId="14" pageNumber="281">A</emphasis>
, oral in adradial view;
<emphasis id="CDF833436425FF9E1264F8D8A78CF826" bold="true" box="[884,897,1917,1935]" pageId="14" pageNumber="281">B</emphasis>
, oral in abradial view;
<emphasis id="CDF833436425FF9E1528F8D9A04BF827" bold="true" box="[1080,1094,1916,1934]" pageId="14" pageNumber="281">C</emphasis>
, 1st ambulacral in adradial view;
<emphasis id="CDF833436425FF9E1448F8D8A16BF826" bold="true" box="[1368,1382,1917,1935]" pageId="14" pageNumber="281">D</emphasis>
, 1st ambulacral in abradial view;
<emphasis id="CDF833436425FF9E1045F836A56CF80C" bold="true" box="[341,353,1939,1957]" pageId="14" pageNumber="281">E</emphasis>
, odontophore in actinal view;
<emphasis id="CDF833436425FF9E1349F836A669F80C" bold="true" box="[601,612,1939,1957]" pageId="14" pageNumber="281">F</emphasis>
, odontophore in abactinal view;
<emphasis id="CDF833436425FF9E1262F836A78DF80C" bold="true" box="[882,896,1939,1957]" pageId="14" pageNumber="281">G</emphasis>
, second ambulacral in adradial view;
<emphasis id="CDF833436425FF9E15A7F836A0C8F80C" bold="true" box="[1207,1221,1939,1957]" pageId="14" pageNumber="281">H</emphasis>
, third ambulacral in abradial view;
<emphasis id="CDF833436425FF9E11A4F80FA4B7F815" bold="true" box="[180,186,1962,1980]" pageId="14" pageNumber="281">I</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="CDF833436425FF9E11D4F80FA4DCF815" bold="true" box="[196,209,1962,1980]" pageId="14" pageNumber="281">K</emphasis>
, ambulacrals in abradial view;
<emphasis id="CDF833436425FF9E10C2F80FA5D1F815" bold="true" box="[466,476,1962,1980]" pageId="14" pageNumber="281">J</emphasis>
, ambulacral in abradial view;
<emphasis id="CDF833436425FF9E13C3F80FA6D3F815" bold="true" box="[723,734,1962,1980]" pageId="14" pageNumber="281">L</emphasis>
, ambulacral in abactinal view;
<emphasis id="CDF833436425FF9E12CEF80FA7E2F815" bold="true" box="[990,1007,1962,1980]" pageId="14" pageNumber="281">M</emphasis>
, adambulacral in abactinal view;
<emphasis id="CDF833436425FF9E1414F80FA11FF815" bold="true" box="[1284,1298,1962,1980]" pageId="14" pageNumber="281">N</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="CDF833436425FF9E140CF80FA126F815" bold="true" box="[1308,1323,1962,1980]" pageId="14" pageNumber="281">O</emphasis>
, adambulacrals in actinal view. Colored areas indicate the presence of a differentiated stereom. See Table 2 for abbreviations. Proximal direction to the left, actinal direction to the bottom except for
<emphasis id="CDF833436425FF9E102FF872A56BF840" bold="true" box="[319,358,2007,2025]" pageId="14" pageNumber="281">M -O</emphasis>
, adradial direction to the top. Scale bars: A-I, M-O, 2 mm; J-L, 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="ABF3BFD96424FF9F1194FC80A70FFCE4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11196462" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11196462" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11196462/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="282" startId="15.[132,143,805,823]" targetBox="[132,1455,215,762]" targetPageId="15" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="FF33EF516424FF9F1194FC80A70FFCE4" blockId="15.[132,1456,804,845]" pageId="15" pageNumber="282">
<smallCapsWord id="F9D5798D6424FF9F1194FC80A490FC9C" baselines="818,818" box="[132,157,805,823]" lowerCaseFontSize="5" mainFontSize="7" normCase="title" normString="Fig" pageId="15" pageNumber="282">FIG</smallCapsWord>
. 8. — Arm sections of
<taxonomicName id="388C94D26424FF9F104AFC80A5FDFC9E" authority="Fau, 2024" authorityName="Fau" authorityYear="2024" box="[346,496,805,823]" class="Asteroidea" family="Porcellanasteridae" genus="Benthogenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="15" pageNumber="282" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="mahi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="CDF833436424FF9F104AFC80A5FDFC9E" box="[346,496,805,823]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="282">Benthogenia mahi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D6CB8E386424FF9F10E5FC80A629FC9E" box="[501,548,805,823]" pageId="15" pageNumber="282" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
holotype MNHN-IE-2013-2216 (
<emphasis id="CDF833436424FF9F1220FC80A730FC9E" bold="true" box="[816,829,805,823]" pageId="15" pageNumber="282">A</emphasis>
) and
<taxonomicName id="388C94D26424FF9F127AFC80A0B6FC9F" authority="Sladen, 1883 USNM" authorityName="Sladen" authorityYear="1883" box="[874,1211,804,823]" class="Asteroidea" family="Porcellanasteridae" genus="Hyphalaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="15" pageNumber="282" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="inermis">
<emphasis id="CDF833436424FF9F127AFC80A000FC9E" box="[874,1037,805,823]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="282">Hyphalaster inermis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="9B1D92A06424FF9F1502FC81A08DFC9E" author="SLADEN W. P." box="[1042,1152,804,823]" pageId="15" pageNumber="282" pagination="214 - 269" refId="ref10715" refString="SLADEN W. P. 1883. - The Asteroidea of H. M. S. Challenger Expedition. Part II. Astropectinidae. Journal of the Linnean Society of London, Zoology 17 (100): 214 - 269. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1883. tb 02022. x" type="journal article" year="1883">Sladen, 1883</bibRefCitation>
USNM
</taxonomicName>
1018661 (
<emphasis id="CDF833436424FF9F1402FC80A112FC9E" bold="true" box="[1298,1311,805,823]" pageId="15" pageNumber="282">B</emphasis>
).
<emphasis id="CDF833436424FF9F143EFC80A170FC9E" bold="true" box="[1326,1405,805,823]" pageId="15" pageNumber="282">Red bars</emphasis>
show the width (
<emphasis id="CDF833436424FF9F11CBFC9EA4E0FCE4" bold="true" box="[219,237,827,845]" pageId="15" pageNumber="282">W</emphasis>
) of and the height (
<emphasis id="CDF833436424FF9F109EFC9EA591FCE4" bold="true" box="[398,412,827,845]" pageId="15" pageNumber="282">H</emphasis>
) of the superomarginals. Scale bars: 1 cm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="FF33EF516424FF9F118BFB56A637F945" blockId="15.[130,777,917,1772]" pageId="15" pageNumber="282">
Adambulacrals longer than wide, podial notch (
<emphasis id="CDF833436424FF9F1399FB51A6AEFAA4" box="[649,675,1268,1293]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="282">pn</emphasis>
) forming a regular curve adradially, delimited proximally by a proximal extension
<emphasis id="CDF833436424FF9F11E2FA96A520FAE4" box="[242,301,1331,1357]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="282">adpm</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="67B7F3D46424FF9F102CFA96A576FAE4" box="[316,379,1331,1357]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="14.[132,143,1894,1912]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1851]" captionTargetId="figure-224@14.[628,1095,1025,1390]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIG. 7. — Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of the orals (A, B), 1st ambulacrals (C, D), odontophores (E-F), ambulacrals (G-L), and adambulacrals (M-O) of Benthogenia mahi n. sp., specimen MNHN-IE-2013-2199: A, oral in adradial view;B, oral in abradial view;C, 1st ambulacral in adradial view;D, 1st ambulacral in abradial view; E, odontophore in actinal view;F, odontophore in abactinal view; G, second ambulacral in adradial view; H, third ambulacral in abradial view; I, K, ambulacrals in abradial view; J, ambulacral in abradial view; L, ambulacral in abactinal view; M, adambulacral in abactinal view; N, O, adambulacrals in actinal view. Colored areas indicate the presence of a differentiated stereom. See Table 2 for abbreviations. Proximal direction to the left, actinal direction to the bottom except for M-O, adradial direction to the top. Scale bars: A-I, M-O, 2 mm; J-L, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11196460" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11196460/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="282">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
M-O). Actinal surface with spine attachment structure for subambulacral spines (
<emphasis id="CDF833436424FF9F1374FAF1A689FAC4" box="[612,644,1364,1389]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="282">spa</emphasis>
) and furrow spines (
<emphasis id="CDF833436424FF9F11C8FAD6A50AFA24" box="[216,263,1395,1421]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="282">f.spa</emphasis>
;
<figureCitation id="67B7F3D46424FF9F1008FAD6A594FA24" box="[280,409,1395,1422]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="14.[132,143,1894,1912]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1851]" captionTargetId="figure-224@14.[628,1095,1025,1390]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIG. 7. — Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of the orals (A, B), 1st ambulacrals (C, D), odontophores (E-F), ambulacrals (G-L), and adambulacrals (M-O) of Benthogenia mahi n. sp., specimen MNHN-IE-2013-2199: A, oral in adradial view;B, oral in abradial view;C, 1st ambulacral in adradial view;D, 1st ambulacral in abradial view; E, odontophore in actinal view;F, odontophore in abactinal view; G, second ambulacral in adradial view; H, third ambulacral in abradial view; I, K, ambulacrals in abradial view; J, ambulacral in abradial view; L, ambulacral in abactinal view; M, adambulacral in abactinal view; N, O, adambulacrals in actinal view. Colored areas indicate the presence of a differentiated stereom. See Table 2 for abbreviations. Proximal direction to the left, actinal direction to the bottom except for M-O, adradial direction to the top. Scale bars: A-I, M-O, 2 mm; J-L, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11196460" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11196460/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="282">Fig. 7N, O</figureCitation>
). Interadambulacral articulation
<emphasis id="CDF833436424FF9F1196FA36A4D1FA04" box="[134,220,1427,1453]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="282">interada</emphasis>
and muscle insertion
<emphasis id="CDF833436424FF9F10DAFA36A638FA04" box="[458,565,1427,1453]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="282">interadam</emphasis>
at the distal end of the adambulacrals on the actinal surface (
<figureCitation id="67B7F3D46424FF9F1328FA16A6A2FA64" box="[568,687,1459,1485]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="14.[132,143,1894,1912]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1851]" captionTargetId="figure-224@14.[628,1095,1025,1390]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIG. 7. — Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of the orals (A, B), 1st ambulacrals (C, D), odontophores (E-F), ambulacrals (G-L), and adambulacrals (M-O) of Benthogenia mahi n. sp., specimen MNHN-IE-2013-2199: A, oral in adradial view;B, oral in abradial view;C, 1st ambulacral in adradial view;D, 1st ambulacral in abradial view; E, odontophore in actinal view;F, odontophore in abactinal view; G, second ambulacral in adradial view; H, third ambulacral in abradial view; I, K, ambulacrals in abradial view; J, ambulacral in abradial view; L, ambulacral in abactinal view; M, adambulacral in abactinal view; N, O, adambulacrals in actinal view. Colored areas indicate the presence of a differentiated stereom. See Table 2 for abbreviations. Proximal direction to the left, actinal direction to the bottom except for M-O, adradial direction to the top. Scale bars: A-I, M-O, 2 mm; J-L, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11196460" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11196460/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="282">Fig. 7N, O</figureCitation>
), on the proximal end of the abactinal surface (
<figureCitation id="67B7F3D46424FF9F1307FA76A67FFA44" box="[535,626,1491,1517]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="14.[132,143,1894,1912]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1851]" captionTargetId="figure-224@14.[628,1095,1025,1390]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIG. 7. — Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of the orals (A, B), 1st ambulacrals (C, D), odontophores (E-F), ambulacrals (G-L), and adambulacrals (M-O) of Benthogenia mahi n. sp., specimen MNHN-IE-2013-2199: A, oral in adradial view;B, oral in abradial view;C, 1st ambulacral in adradial view;D, 1st ambulacral in abradial view; E, odontophore in actinal view;F, odontophore in abactinal view; G, second ambulacral in adradial view; H, third ambulacral in abradial view; I, K, ambulacrals in abradial view; J, ambulacral in abradial view; L, ambulacral in abactinal view; M, adambulacral in abactinal view; N, O, adambulacrals in actinal view. Colored areas indicate the presence of a differentiated stereom. See Table 2 for abbreviations. Proximal direction to the left, actinal direction to the bottom except for M-O, adradial direction to the top. Scale bars: A-I, M-O, 2 mm; J-L, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11196460" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11196460/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="282">Fig. 7M</figureCitation>
). Proximal articulation
<emphasis id="CDF833436424FF9F11FAFA56A517F9A4" box="[234,282,1523,1549]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="282">pada</emphasis>
and muscle insertion
<emphasis id="CDF833436424FF9F10E3FA56A63AF9A4" box="[499,567,1523,1549]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="282">padam</emphasis>
with ambulacrals on the distal end of the adambulacrals due to the structure being named for their position on ambulacrals. Distal articulation
<emphasis id="CDF833436424FF9F1194F9F7A4BAF9C5" box="[132,183,1618,1644]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="282">dada</emphasis>
generally present in two distinct areas (
<emphasis id="CDF833436424FF9F1377F9F7A696F9C5" box="[615,667,1618,1644]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="282">ada2</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="CDF833436424FF9F13C3F9F7A70AF9C5" box="[723,775,1618,1644]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="282">
ada
<quantity id="387442B46424FF9F13EBF9F7A70AF9C5" box="[763,775,1618,1644]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="15" pageNumber="282" unit="in" value="3.0">3</quantity>
</emphasis>
in
<bibRefCitation id="9B1D92A06424FF9F11B0F9D7A51DF925" author="GALE A. S." box="[160,272,1650,1676]" pageId="15" pageNumber="282" pagination="1 - 112" refId="ref9920" refString="GALE A. S. 2011. - The phylogeny of post-Palaeozoic Asteroidea (Neoasteroidea, Echinodermata). Special Papers in Palaeontology 85: 1 - 112." type="journal article" year="2011">Gale 2011</bibRefCitation>
), here only one area distinguishable in abradial position. No difference in the texture of stereom permitting to distinguish the two articulations. Superambulacrals absent (always absent in the
<taxonomicName id="388C94D26424FF9F107AF977A63DF945" authorityName="Sladen" authorityYear="1883" box="[362,560,1746,1772]" class="Asteroidea" family="Porcellanasteridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="15" pageNumber="282" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Porcellanasteridae</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FF33EF516424FF9F1194F8B7A4E5F883" blockId="15.[132,775,1810,2028]" box="[132,232,1810,1836]" pageId="15" pageNumber="282">
<smallCapsWord id="F9D5798D6424FF9F1194F8B7A4E5F883" baselines="1829,1829" box="[132,232,1810,1836]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Remarks" pageId="15" pageNumber="282">REMARKS</smallCapsWord>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FF33EF516424FF9F1194F894A016FBC7" blockId="15.[132,775,1810,2028]" lastBlockId="15.[813,1456,917,1134]" pageId="15" pageNumber="282">
<taxonomicName id="388C94D26424FF9F1194F894A548F8E2" authority="Fau, 2024" authorityName="Fau" authorityYear="2024" box="[132,325,1841,1867]" class="Asteroidea" family="Porcellanasteridae" genus="Benthogenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="15" pageNumber="282" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="mahi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="CDF833436424FF9F1194F894A548F8E2" box="[132,325,1841,1867]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="282">Benthogenia mahi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D6CB8E386424FF9F105DF897A586F8E5" box="[333,395,1842,1868]" pageId="15" pageNumber="282" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
is distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="388C94D26424FF9F1396F894A4E8F8C2" class="Asteroidea" family="Porcellanasteridae" genus="Benthogenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="15" pageNumber="282" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="cribellosa">
<emphasis id="CDF833436424FF9F1396F894A4E8F8C2" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="282">Benthogenia cribellosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
mainly by its bare patches on the surface of the most proximal superomarginals, its more robust arms, larger paxillae covered by greater number of spinelets (from 25 to
<emphasis id="CDF833436424FF9F11B3F817A4B9F862" box="[163,180,1970,1995]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="282">c.</emphasis>
50 whereas
<taxonomicName id="388C94D26424FF9F102DF817A5B6F862" box="[317,443,1969,1995]" class="Asteroidea" family="Porcellanasteridae" genus="Benthogenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="15" pageNumber="282" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="cribellosa">
<emphasis id="CDF833436424FF9F102DF817A5B6F862" box="[317,443,1969,1995]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="282">B. cribellosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
largest paxillae are covered by 20 to 35 spinelets), less numerous marginals (for specimen of comparable size) and less numerous oral and adambulacral furrow spines. Some specimens of
<taxonomicName id="388C94D26424FF9F15FEFC10A149FC66" authority="Fau, 2024" authorityName="Fau" authorityYear="2024" box="[1262,1348,949,975]" class="Asteroidea" family="Porcellanasteridae" genus="Benthogenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="15" pageNumber="282" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="mahi" status="n. sp.">
<emphasis id="CDF833436424FF9F15FEFC10A149FC66" box="[1262,1348,949,975]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="282">B. mahi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D6CB8E386424FF9F145DFC10A186FC66" box="[1357,1419,949,975]" pageId="15" pageNumber="282" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
do not have spines on superomarginals, whereas all specimens of
<taxonomicName id="388C94D26424FF9F1259FC50A7CBFBA7" box="[841,966,1012,1038]" class="Asteroidea" family="Porcellanasteridae" genus="Benthogenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="15" pageNumber="282" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="cribellosa">
<emphasis id="CDF833436424FF9F1259FC50A7CBFBA7" box="[841,966,1012,1038]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="282">B. cribellosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
examined have superomarginal spines.
<specimenCount id="E98A24D86424FF9F1462FC51A791FB87" count="3" pageId="15" pageNumber="282" type="generic">Three specimens</specimenCount>
of
<taxonomicName id="388C94D26424FF9F12D1FBB0A01AFB87" authority="Fau, 2024" authorityName="Fau" authorityYear="2024" box="[961,1047,1044,1070]" class="Asteroidea" family="Porcellanasteridae" genus="Benthogenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="15" pageNumber="282" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="mahi" status="n. sp.">
<emphasis id="CDF833436424FF9F12D1FBB0A01AFB87" box="[961,1047,1044,1070]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="282">B. mahi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D6CB8E386424FF9F1530FBB0A051FB86" box="[1056,1116,1045,1071]" pageId="15" pageNumber="282" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
possess relatively small conical inferomarginal spines, no inferomarginal spines were observed in
<emphasis id="CDF833436424FF9F1285FBF0A016FBC7" box="[917,1051,1108,1134]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="282">
<taxonomicName id="388C94D26424FF9F1285FBF0A01BFBC7" box="[917,1046,1108,1134]" class="Asteroidea" family="Porcellanasteridae" genus="Benthogenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="15" pageNumber="282" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="cribellosa">B. cribellosa</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
Reference in a new issue View git blame Copy permalink