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<document id="921CC02C3B929818514BAFE4630260F2" ID-CLB-Dataset="274285" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2023.893.2285" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e441bc9d-bb44-4ee6-b29f-a6724b96592b" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8385630" ID-ZooBank="D9DA4879-BC1D-4947-96E8-7D574DE334BA" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="jonas" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="jonas" IM.treatments_approvedBy="jonas" checkinTime="1695891225180" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Leng, Zhaoqi, Tran, Anh Duc &amp; Ye, Zhen" docDate="2023" docId="045E878DFFE2297A3A5EFA33742E0934" docLanguage="en" docName="EJT.2023.893.1-73.pdf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 893 (1)" docSource="https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2285/9863" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Rhyacobates takahashii Esaki 1923" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="66" masterDocId="F867FFF5FFDC293B381FFFB270530F1A" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic review of Rhyacobates Esaki, 1923, with descriptions of three new species (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Gerridae)" masterLastPageNumber="73" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="63" updateTime="1699690649759" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="A36F58574B8CFCAEDA6DE4C56051A69B">Taxonomic review of Rhyacobates Esaki, 1923, with descriptions of three new species (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Gerridae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="93FD0C1CFB14E5FE51394A03F2E53732">Leng, Zhaoqi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="607EF35E04E3F9CE9DA57C0820DE30DB">Faculty of Biology, VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Nguyen Trai, Thanh Xuan, Hanoi, Vietnam.</mods:affiliation>
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<paragraph id="8C48369BFFE229053A5EFA3373A00A86" blockId="62.[577,1011,1409,1472]" box="[577,1011,1409,1436]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<heading id="D70081F7FFE229053A5EFA3373A00A86" box="[577,1011,1409,1436]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4BF74D18FFE229053A5EFA3373A00A86" ID-CoL="4SNHW" authority="Esaki, 1923" authorityName="Esaki" authorityYear="1923" box="[577,1011,1409,1436]" class="Insecta" family="Gerridae" genus="Rhyacobates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="takahashii">
<emphasis id="BE83EA89FFE229053A5EFA3373330A86" bold="true" box="[577,864,1409,1436]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Rhyacobates takahashii</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E8664B6AFFE229053B77FA3373A00A86" author="Esaki" box="[872,1011,1409,1436]" firstAuthor="Esaki" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" pagination="387 - 391" refId="ref33092" refString="Esaki T. 1923. An interesting new water strider from Formosa. Philippine Journal of Science 22 (4): 387 - 391." type="journal article" year="1923">Esaki, 1923</bibRefCitation>
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<subSubSection id="C4ED6510FFE229053A43FA1773840ADA" box="[604,983,1445,1472]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" type="description">
<paragraph id="8C48369BFFE229053A43FA1773840ADA" blockId="62.[577,1011,1409,1472]" box="[604,983,1445,1472]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<figureCitation id="14CC2A1EFFE229053A43FA1772E60AA5" box="[604,693,1445,1471]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[189,232,1892,1918]" captionTargetBox="[336,1266,297,1835]" captionTargetId="figure-14@4.[255,1333,265,1851]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 2. Habitus of Rhyacobates spp. in dorsal view (females), apterous form if not stated otherwise. A. R. abdominalisAndersen &amp; Chen, 1995.B. R. chinensis Hungerford &amp; Matsuda, 1959.C. R. lundbladi (Hungerford, 1957). D. R. scorpio Andersen &amp; Chen, 1995. E. R. svenhedini (Lundblad, 1934). F. R. takahashii Esaki, 1923, dealated macropterous female. Scale bar = 3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8385634" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8385634/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Figs 2F</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="14CC2A1EFFE229053ADEFA1772B40AA5" box="[705,743,1445,1471]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[189,232,1716,1742]" captionTargetBox="[256,1333,273,1657]" captionTargetId="figure-12@5.[228,1359,265,1677]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 3. Photographs of bodies of Rhyacobates spp. in dorsal view (females), apterous form if not stated otherwise.A. R. bui sp. nov. B. R. elongatus sp. nov. C. R. turgidus sp. nov., apterous form.D. R. turgidus sp. nov., dealated macropterous form.E. R. abdominalis Andersen &amp; Chen, 1995. F. R. anderseni Tran &amp; Yang, 2006. G. R. angustus Tran &amp; Nguyen, 2016, holotype (ZVNU). H. R. chinensis Hungerford &amp; Matsuda, 1959. I. R. constrictus Tran &amp; Nguyen, 2016. J. R. edentatus Andersen &amp; Chen, 1995. K. R. gongvo Tran &amp; Yang, 2006. L. R. lundbladi (Hungerford, 1957). M. R. malaisei Andersen &amp; Chen, 1995. N. R. recurvus Andersen &amp; Chen, 1995. O. R. scorpio Andersen &amp; Chen, 1995. P. R. svenhedini (Lundblad, 1934). Q. R. takahashii Esaki, 1923, dealated macropterous form. R. R. zetteli Tran &amp; Nguyen, 2016. Scale bar = 3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8385638" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8385638/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">3Q</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="14CC2A1EFFE229053AECFA1773490AA5" box="[755,794,1445,1471]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[189,232,1787,1813]" captionTargetBox="[257,1326,279,1736]" captionTargetId="figure-14@6.[226,1362,264,1746]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 4. Photographs of bodies of Rhyacobates spp. in dorsal view (males), apterous form if not stated otherwise.A. R. bui sp. nov.B. R. elongatus sp. nov.C. R. turgidus sp. nov.D. R. abdominalisAndersen &amp; Chen, 1995. E. R. anderseni Tran &amp; Yang, 2006. F. R. chinensis Hungerford &amp; Matsuda, 1959. G. R. edentatus Andersen &amp; Chen, 1995. H. R. gongvo Tran &amp; Yang, 2006. I. R. lundbladi (Hungerford, 1957). J. R. malaisei Andersen &amp; Chen, 1995. K. R. recurvus Andersen &amp; Chen, 1995. L. R. scorpio Andersen &amp; Chen, 1995. M. R. svenhedini (Lundblad, 1934), apterous form. N. R. svenhedini, macropterous form. O. R. takahashii Esaki, 1923, dealated macropterous form. Scale bar = 3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8385642" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8385642/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">4O</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="14CC2A1EFFE229053B39FA1773170ADA" box="[806,836,1445,1472]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[189,232,1743,1769]" captionTargetBox="[200,1390,762,1681]" captionTargetId="figure-118@7.[189,1398,726,1709]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 5. Photographs of bodies of Rhyacobates spp. in lateral view (apterous females). A. R. bui sp. nov. B. R. elongatus sp. nov.C. R. turgidus sp. nov.D. R. abdominalisAndersen &amp; Chen, 1995.E. R. anderseni Tran &amp; Yang, 2006. F. R. angustus Tran &amp; Nguyen, 2016, holotype (ZVNU). G. R. chinensis Hungerford &amp; Matsuda, 1959. H. R. constrictus Tran &amp; Nguyen, 2016. I. R. edentatus Andersen &amp; Chen, 1995. J. R. gongvo Tran &amp; Yang, 2006. K. R. lundbladi (Hungerford, 1957). L. R. malaisei Andersen &amp; Chen, 1995. M. R. recurvus Andersen &amp; Chen, 1995. N. R. scorpio Andersen &amp; Chen, 1995. O. R. svenhedini (Lundblad, 1934). P. R. takahashii Esaki, 1923. Q. R. zetteli Tran &amp; Nguyen, 2016. Scale bar = 3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8385644" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8385644/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">5P</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="14CC2A1EFFE229053B4FFA1773250AA5" box="[848,886,1445,1471]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[190,233,1892,1918]" captionTargetBox="[196,1386,1025,1826]" captionTargetId="figure-221@9.[189,1398,1007,1850]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 7. Proctiger of Rhyacobates spp. in dorsal view (males). A. R. gongvo Tran &amp; Yang, 2006. B. R. undbladi (Hungerford, 1957). C. R. malaisei Andersen &amp; Chen, 1995. D. R. recurvus Andersen &amp; Chen, 1995. E. R. scorpio Andersen &amp; Chen, 1995. F. R. svenhedini (Lundblad, 1934). G. R. takahashii Esaki, 1923. H. R. zetteli Tran &amp; Nguyen, 2016. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8385648" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8385648/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">7G</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="14CC2A1EFFE229053B9CFA1773FD0AA5" box="[899,942,1445,1471]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="10.[189,232,1822,1848]" captionTargetBox="[241,1331,291,1744]" captionTargetId="figure-14@10.[218,1369,265,1777]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Fig. 8. Paramere of Rhyacobates spp. in lateral view. A. R. bui sp. nov. B. R. elongatus sp. nov. C. R. turgidus sp. nov. D. R. abdominalis Andersen &amp; Chen, 1995. E. R. anderseni Tran &amp; Yang, 2006. F. R. chinensis Hungerford &amp; Matsuda, 1959. G. R. edentatus Andersen &amp; Chen, 1995. H. R. lundbladi (Hungerford, 1957). I. R. malaisei Andersen &amp; Chen, 1995. J. R. recurvus Andersen &amp; Chen, 1995. K. R. scorpio Andersen &amp; Chen, 1995. L. R. svenhedini (Lundblad, 1934). M. R. takahashii Esaki, 1923. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8385652" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8385652/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">8M</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="14CC2A1EFFE229053BA5FA1773840ADA" box="[954,983,1445,1472]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="64.[189,232,1752,1778]" captionTargetBox="[295,1316,273,1705]" captionTargetId="figure-14@64.[241,1347,267,1708]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="Fig. 35. Morphological features of Rhyacobates takahashii Esaki, 1923. A. Body of female, dorsal view. B–C. Body of female, excluding head and prothorax, ventral view. D. Body of female, lateral view. E. Abdominal end of female, dorsal view. F. Abdominal end of female, ventral view. Abdominal end of female, lateral view. H. Body of male, dealated macropterous form, lateral view. I–J. Body of male, apterous form (I) and dealated macropterous form (J), dorsal view. K. Body of male, excluding head and prothorax, ventral view. L. Basal part of right middle leg of male, ventral view. M. Proctiger of male, dorsal view. N. Left paramere, lateral aspect, two different views. Scale bars: A–L = 1 mm; M–N = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8385712" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8385712/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">35</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<taxonomicName id="4BF74D18FFE2290538A2FA5472F6091A" ID-CoL="4SNHW" authority="Esaki, 1923: 388" authorityName="Esaki" authorityPageNumber="388" authorityYear="1923" box="[189,677,1510,1536]" class="Insecta" family="Gerridae" genus="Rhyacobates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="takahashii">
<emphasis id="BE83EA89FFE2290538A2FA547187091A" box="[189,468,1510,1536]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Rhyacobates takahashii</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E8664B6AFFE2290539C3FA5472F6091A" author="Esaki" box="[476,677,1510,1536]" firstAuthor="Esaki" page="388" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" pagination="387 - 391" refId="ref33092" refString="Esaki T. 1923. An interesting new water strider from Formosa. Philippine Journal of Science 22 (4): 387 - 391." type="journal article" year="1923">Esaki, 1923: 388</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, pl. 1 (original description).
</paragraph>
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="ACE711B5FFE2290538A2F99A73E7097F" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<taxonomicName id="4BF74D18FFE2290538A2F99A71800958" ID-CoL="4SNHW" authorityName="Esaki" authorityYear="1923" box="[189,467,1576,1602]" class="Insecta" family="Gerridae" genus="Rhyacobates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="takahashii">
<emphasis id="BE83EA89FFE2290538A2F99A71800958" box="[189,467,1576,1602]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Rhyacobates takahashii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
– 
<treatmentCitation id="0D56108AFFE2290539F2F99A72CD095B" author="Esaki T." box="[493,670,1575,1602]" page="60" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" year="1925">
<bibRefCitation id="E8664B6AFFE2290539F2F99A72CD095B" author="Esaki" box="[493,670,1575,1602]" firstAuthor="Esaki" page="60" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" pagination="57 - 65" refId="ref33118" refString="Esaki T. 1925. New or little-known water striders from the Oriental region. Philippine Journal of Science 26 (1): 57 - 65." type="journal article" year="1925">Esaki 1925: 60</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
. — 
<treatmentCitation id="0D56108AFFE229053AD4F99A73B4095B" author="Matsuda R." box="[715,999,1575,1602]" page="273" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" year="1960">
<bibRefCitation id="E8664B6AFFE229053AD4F99A73B4095B" author="Matsuda" box="[715,999,1575,1602]" firstAuthor="Matsuda" page="273 - 276" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" pagination="25 - 632" refId="ref33267" refString="Matsuda R. 1960. Morphology, evolution and a classification of the Gerridae (Hemiptera-Heteroptera). The University of Kansas Science Bulletin 41: 25 - 632. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 15602" type="journal article" year="1960">Matsuda 1960: 273–276</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, figs 656–658, 660, 663, 674–676, 678. — 
<treatmentCitation id="0D56108AFFE229053957F9F972DE097C" author="Andersen N. M. &amp; Chen P. P." box="[328,653,1611,1638]" page="55" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" year="1995">
<bibRefCitation id="E8664B6AFFE229053957F9F972DE097C" author="Andersen &amp; Chen" box="[328,653,1611,1638]" firstAuthor="Andersen" page="55" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" pagination="51 - 67" refId="ref32941" refString="Andersen N. M. &amp; Chen P. P. 1995. A taxonomic revision of the Ptilomerine genus Rhyacobates Esaki (Hemiptera: Gerridae), with five new species from China and adjacent countries. Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 138: 51 - 67." type="journal article" year="1995">Andersen &amp; Chen 1995: 55</bibRefCitation>
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, figs 2–5 (with remarks).
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C4ED6510FFE2290538A2F93973CD08FE" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8C48369BFFE2290538A2F939716509BF" blockId="62.[189,310,1675,1701]" box="[189,310,1675,1701]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<heading id="D70081F7FFE2290538A2F939716509BF" bold="true" box="[189,310,1675,1701]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" reason="3">
<emphasis id="BE83EA89FFE2290538A2F939716509BF" bold="true" box="[189,310,1675,1701]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Diagnosis</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8C48369BFFE2290538A2F90B73CD08FE" blockId="62.[187,1401,1721,2020]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
Body length of apterous females 8.60–10.88, of apterous males 6.20–7.32. Female: pronotum mainly black with a median brownish-yellow spot; mesonotum and metanotum mainly black with a median brownish-yellow stripe (
<figureCitation id="14CC2A1EFFE2290539C4F94F721B0802" box="[475,584,1789,1816]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="64.[189,232,1752,1778]" captionTargetBox="[295,1316,273,1705]" captionTargetId="figure-14@64.[241,1347,267,1708]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="Fig. 35. Morphological features of Rhyacobates takahashii Esaki, 1923. A. Body of female, dorsal view. B–C. Body of female, excluding head and prothorax, ventral view. D. Body of female, lateral view. E. Abdominal end of female, dorsal view. F. Abdominal end of female, ventral view. Abdominal end of female, lateral view. H. Body of male, dealated macropterous form, lateral view. I–J. Body of male, apterous form (I) and dealated macropterous form (J), dorsal view. K. Body of male, excluding head and prothorax, ventral view. L. Basal part of right middle leg of male, ventral view. M. Proctiger of male, dorsal view. N. Left paramere, lateral aspect, two different views. Scale bars: A–L = 1 mm; M–N = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8385712" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8385712/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Fig. 35A</figureCitation>
); posterior margin of abdominal mediotergite VII with a short median process (
<figureCitation id="14CC2A1EFFE229053935F8AD71C90820" box="[298,410,1823,1850]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="64.[189,232,1752,1778]" captionTargetBox="[295,1316,273,1705]" captionTargetId="figure-14@64.[241,1347,267,1708]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="Fig. 35. Morphological features of Rhyacobates takahashii Esaki, 1923. A. Body of female, dorsal view. B–C. Body of female, excluding head and prothorax, ventral view. D. Body of female, lateral view. E. Abdominal end of female, dorsal view. F. Abdominal end of female, ventral view. Abdominal end of female, lateral view. H. Body of male, dealated macropterous form, lateral view. I–J. Body of male, apterous form (I) and dealated macropterous form (J), dorsal view. K. Body of male, excluding head and prothorax, ventral view. L. Basal part of right middle leg of male, ventral view. M. Proctiger of male, dorsal view. N. Left paramere, lateral aspect, two different views. Scale bars: A–L = 1 mm; M–N = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8385712" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8385712/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Fig. 35E</figureCitation>
); posterior margin of abdominal segment VII with three processes, including a relatively slender, angular process terminating each connexivum, and a pointed median process ventrally (
<figureCitation id="14CC2A1EFFE2290538DBF8D171000864" box="[196,339,1891,1918]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="64.[189,232,1752,1778]" captionTargetBox="[295,1316,273,1705]" captionTargetId="figure-14@64.[241,1347,267,1708]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="Fig. 35. Morphological features of Rhyacobates takahashii Esaki, 1923. A. Body of female, dorsal view. B–C. Body of female, excluding head and prothorax, ventral view. D. Body of female, lateral view. E. Abdominal end of female, dorsal view. F. Abdominal end of female, ventral view. Abdominal end of female, lateral view. H. Body of male, dealated macropterous form, lateral view. I–J. Body of male, apterous form (I) and dealated macropterous form (J), dorsal view. K. Body of male, excluding head and prothorax, ventral view. L. Basal part of right middle leg of male, ventral view. M. Proctiger of male, dorsal view. N. Left paramere, lateral aspect, two different views. Scale bars: A–L = 1 mm; M–N = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8385712" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8385712/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Fig. 35F–G</figureCitation>
). Male: middle trochanter with one spine; middle femur with scattered small spines, not arranged in distinct row (
<figureCitation id="14CC2A1EFFE2290539FDF837721808BA" box="[482,587,1925,1952]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="64.[189,232,1752,1778]" captionTargetBox="[295,1316,273,1705]" captionTargetId="figure-14@64.[241,1347,267,1708]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="Fig. 35. Morphological features of Rhyacobates takahashii Esaki, 1923. A. Body of female, dorsal view. B–C. Body of female, excluding head and prothorax, ventral view. D. Body of female, lateral view. E. Abdominal end of female, dorsal view. F. Abdominal end of female, ventral view. Abdominal end of female, lateral view. H. Body of male, dealated macropterous form, lateral view. I–J. Body of male, apterous form (I) and dealated macropterous form (J), dorsal view. K. Body of male, excluding head and prothorax, ventral view. L. Basal part of right middle leg of male, ventral view. M. Proctiger of male, dorsal view. N. Left paramere, lateral aspect, two different views. Scale bars: A–L = 1 mm; M–N = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8385712" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8385712/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Fig. 35L</figureCitation>
); length of middle tibia ca 1.5–1.8 times length of hind tibia; proctiger with angular lobes laterally (
<figureCitation id="14CC2A1EFFE229053A18F815723408D8" box="[519,615,1959,1986]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[190,233,1892,1918]" captionTargetBox="[196,1386,1025,1826]" captionTargetId="figure-221@9.[189,1398,1007,1850]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 7. Proctiger of Rhyacobates spp. in dorsal view (males). A. R. gongvo Tran &amp; Yang, 2006. B. R. undbladi (Hungerford, 1957). C. R. malaisei Andersen &amp; Chen, 1995. D. R. recurvus Andersen &amp; Chen, 1995. E. R. scorpio Andersen &amp; Chen, 1995. F. R. svenhedini (Lundblad, 1934). G. R. takahashii Esaki, 1923. H. R. zetteli Tran &amp; Nguyen, 2016. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8385648" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8385648/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Figs 7G</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="14CC2A1EFFE229053A6CF81572FC08D8" box="[627,687,1959,1986]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="64.[189,232,1752,1778]" captionTargetBox="[295,1316,273,1705]" captionTargetId="figure-14@64.[241,1347,267,1708]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="Fig. 35. Morphological features of Rhyacobates takahashii Esaki, 1923. A. Body of female, dorsal view. B–C. Body of female, excluding head and prothorax, ventral view. D. Body of female, lateral view. E. Abdominal end of female, dorsal view. F. Abdominal end of female, ventral view. Abdominal end of female, lateral view. H. Body of male, dealated macropterous form, lateral view. I–J. Body of male, apterous form (I) and dealated macropterous form (J), dorsal view. K. Body of male, excluding head and prothorax, ventral view. L. Basal part of right middle leg of male, ventral view. M. Proctiger of male, dorsal view. N. Left paramere, lateral aspect, two different views. Scale bars: A–L = 1 mm; M–N = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8385712" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8385712/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">35M</figureCitation>
); paramere relatively slender, strongly curved at basal fourth, distal part tapering towards hook-shaped apex (
<figureCitation id="14CC2A1EFFE229053AF7F878731C08FE" box="[744,847,1994,2020]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="10.[189,232,1822,1848]" captionTargetBox="[241,1331,291,1744]" captionTargetId="figure-14@10.[218,1369,265,1777]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Fig. 8. Paramere of Rhyacobates spp. in lateral view. A. R. bui sp. nov. B. R. elongatus sp. nov. C. R. turgidus sp. nov. D. R. abdominalis Andersen &amp; Chen, 1995. E. R. anderseni Tran &amp; Yang, 2006. F. R. chinensis Hungerford &amp; Matsuda, 1959. G. R. edentatus Andersen &amp; Chen, 1995. H. R. lundbladi (Hungerford, 1957). I. R. malaisei Andersen &amp; Chen, 1995. J. R. recurvus Andersen &amp; Chen, 1995. K. R. scorpio Andersen &amp; Chen, 1995. L. R. svenhedini (Lundblad, 1934). M. R. takahashii Esaki, 1923. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8385652" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8385652/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Figs 8M</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="14CC2A1EFFE229053B45F87B73C208FE" box="[858,913,1993,2020]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="64.[189,232,1752,1778]" captionTargetBox="[295,1316,273,1705]" captionTargetId="figure-14@64.[241,1347,267,1708]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="Fig. 35. Morphological features of Rhyacobates takahashii Esaki, 1923. A. Body of female, dorsal view. B–C. Body of female, excluding head and prothorax, ventral view. D. Body of female, lateral view. E. Abdominal end of female, dorsal view. F. Abdominal end of female, ventral view. Abdominal end of female, lateral view. H. Body of male, dealated macropterous form, lateral view. I–J. Body of male, apterous form (I) and dealated macropterous form (J), dorsal view. K. Body of male, excluding head and prothorax, ventral view. L. Basal part of right middle leg of male, ventral view. M. Proctiger of male, dorsal view. N. Left paramere, lateral aspect, two different views. Scale bars: A–L = 1 mm; M–N = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8385712" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8385712/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">35N</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C4ED6510FFE3290438A2FEBA71D80DBC" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8C48369BFFE3290438A2FEBA71F90E38" blockId="63.[189,426,264,290]" box="[189,426,264,290]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
<heading id="D70081F7FFE3290438A2FEBA71F90E38" bold="true" box="[189,426,264,290]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" reason="3">
<emphasis id="BE83EA89FFE3290438A2FEBA71F90E38" bold="true" box="[189,426,264,290]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Material examined</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8C48369BFFE3290438F5FE8471B70E4A" blockId="63.[189,1399,310,678]" box="[234,484,310,336]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis id="BE83EA89FFE3290438F5FE8471B70E4A" bold="true" box="[234,484,310,336]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Non-type specimens</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8C48369BFFE3290438A2FEEA71D80DBC" blockId="63.[189,1399,310,678]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
<materialsCitation id="3C9F3CC6FFE3290438A2FEEA74E30E8E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4429869341" collectingDate="2019-07-26" collectionCode="NKUM" collectorName="Ze-zhong Jin" country="China" county="Jin-xiu County" elevation="524" latitude="23.931" location="Taiwan Island" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="110.17961" municipality="Lai-bin City" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" stateProvince="Guangxi">
<collectingCountry id="F4E0760BFFE3290438A2FEEA714B0E68" box="[189,280,344,370]" name="China" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">CHINA</collectingCountry>
– 
<emphasis id="BE83EA89FFE329043924FEEA724D0E68" bold="true" box="[315,542,344,370]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
<collectingRegion id="4E33F879FFE329043924FEEA724D0E68" box="[315,542,344,370]" country="China" name="Guangxi" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Guangxi Province</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
• 5 ♁♁, 
<specimenCount id="9AF1FD12FFE329043A92FEEA72830E69" box="[653,720,344,371]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="female">2 ♀♀</specimenCount>
(apterous); 
<collectingMunicipality id="6C2CACE1FFE329043B7DFEEA73A60E68" box="[866,1013,344,370]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Lai-bin City</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<collectingCounty id="65294E17FFE329043C1DFEEA74E40E68" box="[1026,1207,344,370]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Jin-xiu County</collectingCounty>
; 
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, 
<geoCoordinate id="E9C3505CFFE3290438A2FECB71210E8F" box="[189,370,377,405]" degrees="110" direction="east" minutes="10" orientation="longitude" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" precision="1" seconds="46.6" value="110.17961">110°10′46.6″ E</geoCoordinate>
; 
<elevation id="07DAD1A8FFE329043962FEC872560E8E" box="[381,517,378,405]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.24" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" unit="m" value="524.0">
<quantity id="4B0F9B7EFFE329043962FEC871950E8F" box="[381,454,378,405]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.24" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" unit="m" value="524.0">524 m</quantity>
a.s.l.
</elevation>
; 
<date id="F849105BFFE329043A0EFEC872F10E8E" box="[529,674,378,404]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" value="2019-07-26">
<collectingDate id="E80DE9B3FFE329043A0EFEC872F10E8E" box="[529,674,378,404]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" value="2019-07-26">26 Jul. 2019</collectingDate>
</date>
; 
<collectorName id="2102534DFFE329043AB3FEC873160E8E" box="[684,837,378,404]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Ze-zhong Jin</collectorName>
leg.; 
<collectionCode id="EAE6AE5EFFE329043B9BFEC973B10E8F" box="[900,994,379,405]" country="China" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/hp11-qr98" name="Nankai University" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">NKUM</collectionCode>
. – 
<emphasis id="BE83EA89FFE329043C1FFEC874E30E8E" bold="true" box="[1024,1200,378,404]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
<location id="89286040FFE329043C1FFEC874E30E8E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:045E878DFFE2297A3A5EFA33742E0934:89286040FFE329043C1FFEC874E30E8E" box="[1024,1200,378,404]" country="China" county="Jin-xiu County" latitude="23.931" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="110.17961" municipality="Lai-bin City" name="Taiwan Island" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" stateProvince="Guangxi">Taiwan Island</location>
</emphasis>
</materialsCitation>
• 
<materialsCitation id="3C9F3CC6FFE329043CD8FEC875250EAC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4429869368" collectingDate="2001-12-02" collectorName="H. H. Tan &amp; K. Lim &amp; Y. M. Ju" country="China" county="Taitung" location="Xinwuli" municipality="Xinwulixi" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Guangxi">
1 ♁ (apterous); 
<collectingCounty id="65294E17FFE3290438A2FE2E714A0EAC" box="[189,281,412,438]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Taitung</collectingCounty>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="6C2CACE1FFE32904393AFE2E71CC0EAC" box="[293,415,412,438]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Xinwulixi</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location id="89286040FFE3290439B3FE2E725F0EAC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:045E878DFFE2297A3A5EFA33742E0934:89286040FFE3290439B3FE2E725F0EAC" box="[428,524,412,438]" country="China" county="Taitung" municipality="Xinwulixi" name="Xinwuli" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" stateProvince="Guangxi">Xinwuli</location>
bridge; 
<date id="F849105BFFE329043A70FE2E73510EAC" box="[623,770,412,439]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" value="2001-12-02">
<collectingDate id="E80DE9B3FFE329043A70FE2E73510EAC" box="[623,770,412,439]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" value="2001-12-02">2 Dec. 2001</collectingDate>
</date>
; 
<collectorName id="2102534DFFE329043B11FE2F732D0EAD" box="[782,894,413,439]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">H.H. Tan</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName id="2102534DFFE329043B96FE2F738C0EAC" box="[905,991,412,439]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">K. Lim</collectorName>
and 
<collectorName id="2102534DFFE329043C07FE2F74270EAD" box="[1048,1140,413,439]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Y.M. Ju</collectorName>
leg.; THH0199; ZRC
</materialsCitation>
• 
<materialsCitation id="3C9F3CC6FFE3290438D0FE0D72190EE1" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4429869314" collectingDate="2004-04-06" collectorName="A. D. Tran" country="China" county="Taipei County" elevation="336" latitude="24.782883" location="Fusan" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="121.50177" municipality="Wulai" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Guangxi">
<specimenCount id="9AF1FD12FFE3290438D0FE0D70A80EC3" box="[207,251,447,473]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
(apterous); 
<collectingCounty id="65294E17FFE329043996FE0C72620EC3" box="[393,561,446,473]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Taipei County</collectingCounty>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="6C2CACE1FFE329043A23FE0C72D50EC2" box="[572,646,446,472]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Wulai</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location id="89286040FFE329043A8DFE0D728F0EC3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:045E878DFFE2297A3A5EFA33742E0934:89286040FFE329043A8DFE0D728F0EC3" box="[658,732,447,473]" country="China" county="Taipei County" latitude="24.782883" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="121.50177" municipality="Wulai" name="Fusan" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" stateProvince="Guangxi">Fusan</location>
; 
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, 
<geoCoordinate id="E9C3505CFFE329043B8CFE0F746C0EC3" box="[915,1087,445,473]" degrees="121" direction="east" minutes="30.106" orientation="longitude" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" precision="1" value="121.50177">121°30.106′ E</geoCoordinate>
; 
<elevation id="07DAD1A8FFE329043C53FE0C74850EC2" box="[1100,1238,446,473]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.36" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" unit="m" value="336.0">
<quantity id="4B0F9B7EFFE329043C53FE0C74C50EC3" box="[1100,1174,446,473]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.36" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" unit="m" value="336.0">336 m</quantity>
a.s.l.
</elevation>
; 
<date id="F849105BFFE329043CFBFE0C75210EC3" box="[1252,1394,446,473]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" value="2004-04-06">
<collectingDate id="E80DE9B3FFE329043CFBFE0C75210EC3" box="[1252,1394,446,473]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" value="2004-04-06">6 Apr. 2004</collectingDate>
</date>
; 
<collectorName id="2102534DFFE3290438A2FE53716A0EE1" box="[189,313,481,507]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">A.D. Tran</collectorName>
leg.; TAD0402; ZRC
</materialsCitation>
• 
<materialsCitation id="3C9F3CC6FFE329043A70FE5375470D07" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4429869377" collectingDate="2004-04-08" collectorName="A. D. Tran" country="China" county="Pingtung County" elevation="39" latitude="22.039183" location="Wangsha" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="120.7642" municipality="Henchun" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" specimenCount="7" specimenCount-female="7" stateProvince="Guangxi">
3 ♁♁, 
<specimenCount id="9AF1FD12FFE329043AD4FE5373400EE1" box="[715,787,481,507]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="female">7 ♀♀</specimenCount>
(apterous); 
<collectingCounty id="65294E17FFE329043BB2FE53742F0EE1" box="[941,1148,481,507]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Pingtung County</collectingCounty>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="6C2CACE1FFE329043C91FE5374A80EE1" box="[1166,1275,481,507]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Henchun</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location id="89286040FFE329043D13FE5375240EE1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:045E878DFFE2297A3A5EFA33742E0934:89286040FFE329043D13FE5375240EE1" box="[1292,1399,481,507]" country="China" county="Pingtung County" latitude="22.039183" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="120.7642" municipality="Henchun" name="Wangsha" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" stateProvince="Guangxi">Wangsha</location>
stream; 
<geoCoordinate id="E9C3505CFFE329043904FDB371E90D07" box="[283,442,513,541]" degrees="22" direction="north" minutes="02.351" orientation="latitude" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" precision="1" value="22.039183">22°02.351′ N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="E9C3505CFFE3290439D9FDB372220D07" box="[454,625,513,541]" degrees="120" direction="east" minutes="45.852" orientation="longitude" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" precision="1" value="120.7642">120°45.852′ E</geoCoordinate>
; 
<elevation id="07DAD1A8FFE329043A61FDB172A90D07" box="[638,762,515,541]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" unit="m" value="39.0">
<quantity id="4B0F9B7EFFE329043A61FDB172E90D07" box="[638,698,515,541]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" unit="m" value="39.0">39 m</quantity>
a.s.l.
</elevation>
; 
<date id="F849105BFFE329043B18FDB173C70D07" box="[775,916,515,541]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" value="2004-04-08">
<collectingDate id="E80DE9B3FFE329043B18FDB173C70D07" box="[775,916,515,541]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" value="2004-04-08">8 Apr. 2004</collectingDate>
</date>
; 
<collectorName id="2102534DFFE329043B80FDB174460D07" box="[927,1045,515,541]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">A.D. Tran</collectorName>
leg.; TAD0406; ZRC
</materialsCitation>
• 
<materialsCitation id="3C9F3CC6FFE329043D32FDB1741B0D7B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4429869302" collectingDate="2004-04-12" collectorName="A. D. Tran" country="China" county="Yilan County" elevation="147" latitude="24.753633" location="Dahu" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="121.66295" municipality="Yuanshan" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="3" stateProvince="Guangxi">
4 ♁♁, 
<specimenCount id="9AF1FD12FFE3290438A2FD9771500D25" box="[189,259,549,575]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="female">2 ♀♀</specimenCount>
(apterous), 2 ♁♁, 
<specimenCount id="9AF1FD12FFE3290439F0FD97724D0D25" box="[495,542,549,575]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
(macropterous); 
<collectingCounty id="65294E17FFE329043AF1FD9773C20D25" box="[750,913,549,575]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Yilan County</collectingCounty>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="6C2CACE1FFE329043B80FD9774470D25" box="[927,1044,549,575]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Yuanshan</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location id="89286040FFE329043C3CFD9774300D25" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:045E878DFFE2297A3A5EFA33742E0934:89286040FFE329043C3CFD9774300D25" box="[1059,1123,549,575]" country="China" county="Yilan County" latitude="24.753633" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="121.66295" municipality="Yuanshan" name="Dahu" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" stateProvince="Guangxi">Dahu</location>
stream; 
<geoCoordinate id="E9C3505CFFE329043CD0FD9175210D25" box="[1231,1394,547,575]" degrees="24" direction="north" minutes="45.218" orientation="latitude" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" precision="1" value="24.753633">24°45.218′ N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="E9C3505CFFE3290438A2FDF771380D78" box="[189,363,581,610]" degrees="121" direction="east" minutes="39.777" orientation="longitude" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" precision="1" value="121.66295">121°39.777′ E</geoCoordinate>
; 
<elevation id="07DAD1A8FFE329043965FDF572590D7B" box="[378,522,583,610]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.47" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" unit="m" value="147.0">
<quantity id="4B0F9B7EFFE329043965FDF571940D78" box="[378,455,583,610]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.47" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" unit="m" value="147.0">147 m</quantity>
a.s.l.
</elevation>
; 
<date id="F849105BFFE329043A05FDF572E80D7B" box="[538,699,583,609]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" value="2004-04-12">
<collectingDate id="E80DE9B3FFE329043A05FDF572E80D7B" box="[538,699,583,609]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" value="2004-04-12">12 Apr. 2004</collectingDate>
</date>
; 
<collectorName id="2102534DFFE329043AD7FDF573120D78" box="[712,833,583,610]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">A.D. Tran</collectorName>
leg.; TAD0412; ZRC
</materialsCitation>
• 
<materialsCitation id="3C9F3CC6FFE329043C79FDFA71D40DBC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4429869307" collectingDate="2011-06-05" collectionCode="NKUM" collectorName="Qiang Xie" country="China" latitude="24.29864" location="Ba-xian Mountain" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="120.76153" municipality="Taizhong City" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" specimenCount="9" specimenCount-female="9" stateProvince="Guangxi">
7 ♁♁, 
<specimenCount id="9AF1FD12FFE329043CA3FDF575520D78" box="[1212,1281,583,610]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="female">9 ♀♀</specimenCount>
(dealated macropterous); 
<collectingMunicipality id="6C2CACE1FFE329043968FDDB72730D99" box="[375,544,617,643]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Taizhong City</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location id="89286040FFE329043A33FDDB735B0D99" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:045E878DFFE2297A3A5EFA33742E0934:89286040FFE329043A33FDDB735B0D99" box="[556,776,617,643]" country="China" latitude="24.29864" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="120.76153" municipality="Taizhong City" name="Ba-xian Mountain" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" stateProvince="Guangxi">Ba-xian Mountain</location>
; 
<geoCoordinate id="E9C3505CFFE329043B0BFDDA73920D9E" box="[788,961,616,644]" degrees="24" direction="north" minutes="17" orientation="latitude" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" precision="1" seconds="55.1" value="24.29864">24°17′55.1″ N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="E9C3505CFFE329043BD1FDDA74D40D9E" box="[974,1159,616,644]" degrees="120" direction="east" minutes="45" orientation="longitude" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" precision="1" seconds="41.5" value="120.76153">120°45′41.5″ E</geoCoordinate>
; 
<date id="F849105BFFE329043C8AFDDB75720D99" box="[1173,1313,617,644]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" value="2011-06-05">
<collectingDate id="E80DE9B3FFE329043C8AFDDB75720D99" box="[1173,1313,617,644]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" value="2011-06-05">5 Jun. 2011</collectingDate>
</date>
; 
<collectorName id="2102534DFFE329043D30FDDB70B40DBF" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Qiang Xie</collectorName>
leg.; 
<collectionCode id="EAE6AE5EFFE329043936FD3E71D40DBC" box="[297,391,652,678]" country="China" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/hp11-qr98" name="Nankai University" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">NKUM</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C4ED6510FFE3297A38A2FD79748D0BFE" lastPageId="65" lastPageNumber="66" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="description">
<paragraph id="8C48369BFFE3290438A2FD7971AE0DFF" blockId="63.[189,509,715,741]" box="[189,509,715,741]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
<heading id="D70081F7FFE3290438A2FD7971AE0DFF" bold="true" box="[189,509,715,741]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" reason="3">
<emphasis id="BE83EA89FFE3290438A2FD7971AE0DFF" bold="true" box="[189,509,715,741]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Supplemental description</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8C48369BFFE3290438F5FD4B71EB0C09" blockId="63.[186,1400,761,993]" box="[234,440,761,787]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis id="BE83EA89FFE3290438F5FD4B71EB0C09" bold="true" box="[234,440,761,787]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Apterous female</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8C48369BFFE3290438A2FCAE75160CFA" blockId="63.[186,1400,761,993]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
<smallCapsWord id="8AAEA047FFE3290438A2FCAE71380C2E" baselines="815,815" box="[189,363,796,822]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Measurements" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">MEASUREMENTS</smallCapsWord>
. Body length 8.60–10.88, width 2.59–2.90, head width 1.84, interocular width 0.85, eye length (dorsal view) 0.68; relative lengths of antennal segments I–IV: 4.10: 1.05:1.22:0.81; pronotum: length 0.90, width 1.84;mesonotum: length3.05,width 2.94; metanotum:length 0.92, width 2.65;abdomen length (ventral view) 4.66; abdominal sternum VII: length 1.87, width 1.29; abdominal mediotergite I: length 0.35, width 1.11; relative lengths of leg segments (femur:tibia:tarsal segment I:tarsal segment II): fore leg: 4.46: 3.62: 2.01:0.90, middle leg: 12.40:6.86: 2.98: 0.38, hind leg: 12.73: 4.57:0.11:0.14.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8C48369BFFE3290438A6FBB471030BB3" blockId="63.[185,1399,1030,1193]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
C OLORATION. Median black spot of head posteriorly bifurcate. Pronotum mainly black with a median brownish-yellow spot. Mesonotum and metanotum mainly black with a median brownish-yellow stripe (
<figureCitation id="14CC2A1EFFE3290438D9FBF871600B7F" box="[198,307,1098,1125]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="64.[189,232,1752,1778]" captionTargetBox="[295,1316,273,1705]" captionTargetId="figure-14@64.[241,1347,267,1708]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="Fig. 35. Morphological features of Rhyacobates takahashii Esaki, 1923. A. Body of female, dorsal view. B–C. Body of female, excluding head and prothorax, ventral view. D. Body of female, lateral view. E. Abdominal end of female, dorsal view. F. Abdominal end of female, ventral view. Abdominal end of female, lateral view. H. Body of male, dealated macropterous form, lateral view. I–J. Body of male, apterous form (I) and dealated macropterous form (J), dorsal view. K. Body of male, excluding head and prothorax, ventral view. L. Basal part of right middle leg of male, ventral view. M. Proctiger of male, dorsal view. N. Left paramere, lateral aspect, two different views. Scale bars: A–L = 1 mm; M–N = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8385712" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8385712/files/figure.png" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Fig. 35A</figureCitation>
). Abdominal tergum I with a median yellow marking. Connexivum dorsally brownish-yellow. Mesosternum chiefly blackish with a median subtriangular yellowish spot (
<figureCitation id="14CC2A1EFFE329043C3AFBDF74C20B9D" box="[1061,1169,1132,1159]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="64.[189,232,1752,1778]" captionTargetBox="[295,1316,273,1705]" captionTargetId="figure-14@64.[241,1347,267,1708]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="Fig. 35. Morphological features of Rhyacobates takahashii Esaki, 1923. A. Body of female, dorsal view. B–C. Body of female, excluding head and prothorax, ventral view. D. Body of female, lateral view. E. Abdominal end of female, dorsal view. F. Abdominal end of female, ventral view. Abdominal end of female, lateral view. H. Body of male, dealated macropterous form, lateral view. I–J. Body of male, apterous form (I) and dealated macropterous form (J), dorsal view. K. Body of male, excluding head and prothorax, ventral view. L. Basal part of right middle leg of male, ventral view. M. Proctiger of male, dorsal view. N. Left paramere, lateral aspect, two different views. Scale bars: A–L = 1 mm; M–N = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8385712" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8385712/files/figure.png" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Fig. 35B</figureCitation>
). Abdominal venter light yellow.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8C48369BFFE3290438A2FB7D73F00AAD" blockId="63.[187,1399,1231,1463]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
<smallCapsWord id="8AAEA047FFE3290438A2FB7D717F0BF2" baselines="1250,1251" box="[189,300,1231,1257]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Abdomen" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">ABDOMEN</smallCapsWord>
. Abdomen relatively short, curved dorsad towards end (
<figureCitation id="14CC2A1EFFE329043BAFFB7D744B0BF0" box="[944,1048,1231,1258]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="64.[189,232,1752,1778]" captionTargetBox="[295,1316,273,1705]" captionTargetId="figure-14@64.[241,1347,267,1708]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="Fig. 35. Morphological features of Rhyacobates takahashii Esaki, 1923. A. Body of female, dorsal view. B–C. Body of female, excluding head and prothorax, ventral view. D. Body of female, lateral view. E. Abdominal end of female, dorsal view. F. Abdominal end of female, ventral view. Abdominal end of female, lateral view. H. Body of male, dealated macropterous form, lateral view. I–J. Body of male, apterous form (I) and dealated macropterous form (J), dorsal view. K. Body of male, excluding head and prothorax, ventral view. L. Basal part of right middle leg of male, ventral view. M. Proctiger of male, dorsal view. N. Left paramere, lateral aspect, two different views. Scale bars: A–L = 1 mm; M–N = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8385712" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8385712/files/figure.png" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Fig. 35D</figureCitation>
) or nearly straight. Connexiva erect on abdominal segments I–II, converging along dorsal midline of IV–VI segments, meeting erectly above terminal mediotergites (
<figureCitation id="14CC2A1EFFE329043A30FAA172F20A34" box="[559,673,1299,1326]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="64.[189,232,1752,1778]" captionTargetBox="[295,1316,273,1705]" captionTargetId="figure-14@64.[241,1347,267,1708]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="Fig. 35. Morphological features of Rhyacobates takahashii Esaki, 1923. A. Body of female, dorsal view. B–C. Body of female, excluding head and prothorax, ventral view. D. Body of female, lateral view. E. Abdominal end of female, dorsal view. F. Abdominal end of female, ventral view. Abdominal end of female, lateral view. H. Body of male, dealated macropterous form, lateral view. I–J. Body of male, apterous form (I) and dealated macropterous form (J), dorsal view. K. Body of male, excluding head and prothorax, ventral view. L. Basal part of right middle leg of male, ventral view. M. Proctiger of male, dorsal view. N. Left paramere, lateral aspect, two different views. Scale bars: A–L = 1 mm; M–N = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8385712" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8385712/files/figure.png" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Fig. 35A</figureCitation>
). Abdominal segment VII elongate, nearly as long as three preceding abdominal segments together (
<figureCitation id="14CC2A1EFFE329043AB2FA8473590A4A" box="[685,778,1333,1360]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[189,232,1743,1769]" captionTargetBox="[200,1390,762,1681]" captionTargetId="figure-118@7.[189,1398,726,1709]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 5. Photographs of bodies of Rhyacobates spp. in lateral view (apterous females). A. R. bui sp. nov. B. R. elongatus sp. nov.C. R. turgidus sp. nov.D. R. abdominalisAndersen &amp; Chen, 1995.E. R. anderseni Tran &amp; Yang, 2006. F. R. angustus Tran &amp; Nguyen, 2016, holotype (ZVNU). G. R. chinensis Hungerford &amp; Matsuda, 1959. H. R. constrictus Tran &amp; Nguyen, 2016. I. R. edentatus Andersen &amp; Chen, 1995. J. R. gongvo Tran &amp; Yang, 2006. K. R. lundbladi (Hungerford, 1957). L. R. malaisei Andersen &amp; Chen, 1995. M. R. recurvus Andersen &amp; Chen, 1995. N. R. scorpio Andersen &amp; Chen, 1995. O. R. svenhedini (Lundblad, 1934). P. R. takahashii Esaki, 1923. Q. R. zetteli Tran &amp; Nguyen, 2016. Scale bar = 3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8385644" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8385644/files/figure.png" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Figs 5P</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="14CC2A1EFFE329043B06FA87731C0A4A" box="[793,847,1333,1360]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="64.[189,232,1752,1778]" captionTargetBox="[295,1316,273,1705]" captionTargetId="figure-14@64.[241,1347,267,1708]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="Fig. 35. Morphological features of Rhyacobates takahashii Esaki, 1923. A. Body of female, dorsal view. B–C. Body of female, excluding head and prothorax, ventral view. D. Body of female, lateral view. E. Abdominal end of female, dorsal view. F. Abdominal end of female, ventral view. Abdominal end of female, lateral view. H. Body of male, dealated macropterous form, lateral view. I–J. Body of male, apterous form (I) and dealated macropterous form (J), dorsal view. K. Body of male, excluding head and prothorax, ventral view. L. Basal part of right middle leg of male, ventral view. M. Proctiger of male, dorsal view. N. Left paramere, lateral aspect, two different views. Scale bars: A–L = 1 mm; M–N = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8385712" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8385712/files/figure.png" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">35D</figureCitation>
). Posterior margin of abdominal mediotergite VII with a short median process (
<figureCitation id="14CC2A1EFFE329043A45FAEA729B0A69" box="[602,712,1368,1395]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="64.[189,232,1752,1778]" captionTargetBox="[295,1316,273,1705]" captionTargetId="figure-14@64.[241,1347,267,1708]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="Fig. 35. Morphological features of Rhyacobates takahashii Esaki, 1923. A. Body of female, dorsal view. B–C. Body of female, excluding head and prothorax, ventral view. D. Body of female, lateral view. E. Abdominal end of female, dorsal view. F. Abdominal end of female, ventral view. Abdominal end of female, lateral view. H. Body of male, dealated macropterous form, lateral view. I–J. Body of male, apterous form (I) and dealated macropterous form (J), dorsal view. K. Body of male, excluding head and prothorax, ventral view. L. Basal part of right middle leg of male, ventral view. M. Proctiger of male, dorsal view. N. Left paramere, lateral aspect, two different views. Scale bars: A–L = 1 mm; M–N = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8385712" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8385712/files/figure.png" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Fig. 35E</figureCitation>
). Posterior margin of abdominal segment VII with three processes, dorsally above terminating each connexivum with a relatively slender process directing ventrad, ventrally with a pointed median process (
<figureCitation id="14CC2A1EFFE329043B17FA2E73C40AAD" box="[776,919,1436,1463]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="64.[189,232,1752,1778]" captionTargetBox="[295,1316,273,1705]" captionTargetId="figure-14@64.[241,1347,267,1708]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="Fig. 35. Morphological features of Rhyacobates takahashii Esaki, 1923. A. Body of female, dorsal view. B–C. Body of female, excluding head and prothorax, ventral view. D. Body of female, lateral view. E. Abdominal end of female, dorsal view. F. Abdominal end of female, ventral view. Abdominal end of female, lateral view. H. Body of male, dealated macropterous form, lateral view. I–J. Body of male, apterous form (I) and dealated macropterous form (J), dorsal view. K. Body of male, excluding head and prothorax, ventral view. L. Basal part of right middle leg of male, ventral view. M. Proctiger of male, dorsal view. N. Left paramere, lateral aspect, two different views. Scale bars: A–L = 1 mm; M–N = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8385712" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8385712/files/figure.png" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Fig. 35E–G</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8C48369BFFE3290438F5FA6E723B0AEC" blockId="63.[188,1398,1500,1629]" box="[234,616,1500,1526]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis id="BE83EA89FFE3290438F5FA6E723B0AEC" bold="true" box="[234,616,1500,1526]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Dealated macropterous female</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8C48369BFFE3290438A2FA4C74520947" blockId="63.[188,1398,1500,1629]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
Similar to apterous female in general structure and coloration with following exceptions: thorax with a pronotal lobe, anterior part with a subrhombic yellow marking, posterior part elongate, covering most of mesonotum; posterior margin broadly rounded and brownish (
<figureCitation id="14CC2A1EFFE329043B8AF9F173A00947" box="[917,1011,1603,1629]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[189,232,1716,1742]" captionTargetBox="[256,1333,273,1657]" captionTargetId="figure-12@5.[228,1359,265,1677]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 3. Photographs of bodies of Rhyacobates spp. in dorsal view (females), apterous form if not stated otherwise.A. R. bui sp. nov. B. R. elongatus sp. nov. C. R. turgidus sp. nov., apterous form.D. R. turgidus sp. nov., dealated macropterous form.E. R. abdominalis Andersen &amp; Chen, 1995. F. R. anderseni Tran &amp; Yang, 2006. G. R. angustus Tran &amp; Nguyen, 2016, holotype (ZVNU). H. R. chinensis Hungerford &amp; Matsuda, 1959. I. R. constrictus Tran &amp; Nguyen, 2016. J. R. edentatus Andersen &amp; Chen, 1995. K. R. gongvo Tran &amp; Yang, 2006. L. R. lundbladi (Hungerford, 1957). M. R. malaisei Andersen &amp; Chen, 1995. N. R. recurvus Andersen &amp; Chen, 1995. O. R. scorpio Andersen &amp; Chen, 1995. P. R. svenhedini (Lundblad, 1934). Q. R. takahashii Esaki, 1923, dealated macropterous form. R. R. zetteli Tran &amp; Nguyen, 2016. Scale bar = 3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8385638" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8385638/files/figure.png" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Fig. 3Q</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8C48369BFFE3290438A2F93774B30854" blockId="63.[189,1400,1668,1871]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
<smallCapsWord id="8AAEA047FFE3290438A2F93771380987" baselines="1688,1688" box="[189,363,1669,1695]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Measurements" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">MEASUREMENTS</smallCapsWord>
. Body length 10.01, width 2.86, head width 1.51, interocular width 0.60, eye length (dorsal view) 0.58; relative lengths of antennal segments I–IV: 3.98: 1.08:1.22:0.98; pronotum: length 3.12, width 2.41; mesonotum width 2.86; metanotum: length 0.73, width 2.62; abdomen length (ventral view) 4.80; abdominal sternum VII: length 1.46, width 1.79; abdominal mediotergite I: length 0.39, width 1.15; relative lengths of leg segments (femur:tibia: tarsal segment I:tarsal segment II): fore leg: 4.68:3.85:1.91: 0.97, middle leg: 12.47: 6.77: 3.32:0.33, hind leg: 13.31:5.13: 0.17: 0.23.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8C48369BFFE3290438F5F8C771F2088A" blockId="63.[189,1399,1909,2007]" box="[234,417,1909,1936]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis id="BE83EA89FFE3290438F5F8C771F2088A" bold="true" box="[234,417,1909,1936]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Apterous male</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8C48369BFFE3297A38A2F82B75170E97" blockId="63.[189,1399,1909,2007]" lastBlockId="65.[186,1399,265,397]" lastPageId="65" lastPageNumber="66" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
<smallCapsWord id="8AAEA047FFE3290438A2F82B713808AB" baselines="1964,1964" box="[189,363,1945,1971]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Measurements" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">MEASUREMENTS</smallCapsWord>
. Body length 6.20–7.32, width 1.80–2.09, head width 1.43, interocular width 0.59, eye length (dorsal view) 0.60; relative lengths of antennal segments I–IV: 3.58: 1.04:1.07:0.84; pronotum: length0.76, width 1.55; mesonotum:length 2.16, width 2.09;metanotum:length0.69, width 1.88; abdomen length (ventral view) 2.69; abdominal sternum VII: length 0.53, width 1.22; abdominal mediotergite I: length 0.34, width 0.70; relative lengths of leg segments (femur:tibia: tarsal segment I:tarsal segment II): fore leg: 3.49: 2.91:1.06:0.62, middle leg: 10.02: 5.11: 2.17: 0.35, hind leg: 10.04: 2.79:0.11:0.13.
</paragraph>
<caption id="D8886613FF9C297B38A2F96A712D08F3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8385712" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8385712" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8385712/files/figure.png" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" startId="64.[189,232,1752,1778]" targetBox="[295,1316,273,1705]" targetPageId="64">
<paragraph id="8C48369BFF9C297B38A2F96A712D08F3" blockId="64.[189,1399,1752,2025]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
<emphasis id="BE83EA89FF9C297B38A2F96A714D09E8" bold="true" box="[189,286,1752,1778]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Fig. 35.</emphasis>
Morphological features of 
<taxonomicName id="4BF74D18FF9C297B3A70F96A747709E8" authority="Esaki, 1923" authorityName="Esaki" authorityYear="1923" box="[623,1060,1752,1778]" class="Insecta" family="Gerridae" genus="Rhyacobates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="takahashii">
<emphasis id="BE83EA89FF9C297B3A70F96A73D909E8" box="[623,906,1752,1778]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Rhyacobates takahashii</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E8664B6AFF9C297B3B8AF96A747709E8" author="Esaki" box="[917,1060,1752,1778]" firstAuthor="Esaki" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="387 - 391" refId="ref33092" refString="Esaki T. 1923. An interesting new water strider from Formosa. Philippine Journal of Science 22 (4): 387 - 391." type="journal article" year="1923">Esaki, 1923</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<emphasis id="BE83EA89FF9C297B3C29F96A741809E8" bold="true" box="[1078,1099,1752,1778]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">A</emphasis>
. Body of female, dorsal view. 
<emphasis id="BE83EA89FF9C297B3919F949716E080F" bold="true" box="[262,317,1787,1813]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">B–C</emphasis>
. Body of female, excluding head and prothorax, ventral view. 
<emphasis id="BE83EA89FF9C297B3C26F949741D080F" bold="true" box="[1081,1102,1787,1813]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">D</emphasis>
. Body of female, lateral view. 
<emphasis id="BE83EA89FF9C297B391CF8AC71440822" bold="true" box="[259,279,1822,1848]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">E</emphasis>
. Abdominal end of female, dorsal view. 
<emphasis id="BE83EA89FF9C297B3AE7F8AC735A0822" bold="true" box="[760,777,1822,1848]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">F</emphasis>
. Abdominal end of female, ventral view. Abdominal end of female, lateral view. 
<emphasis id="BE83EA89FF9C297B3A12F8F072710846" bold="true" box="[525,546,1858,1884]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">H</emphasis>
. Body of male, dealated macropterous form, lateral view. 
<emphasis id="BE83EA89FF9C297B3CC1F8F075560846" bold="true" box="[1246,1285,1858,1884]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">I–J</emphasis>
. Body of male, apterous form (I) and dealated macropterous form (J), dorsal view. 
<emphasis id="BE83EA89FF9C297B3C34F8D774130865" bold="true" box="[1067,1088,1893,1919]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">K</emphasis>
. Body of male, excluding head and prothorax, ventral view. 
<emphasis id="BE83EA89FF9C297B3A4EF83A723708B8" bold="true" box="[593,612,1928,1954]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">L</emphasis>
. Basal part of right middle leg of male, ventral view. 
<emphasis id="BE83EA89FF9C297B3CFEF83A74AF08B8" bold="true" box="[1249,1276,1928,1954]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">M</emphasis>
. Proctiger of male, dorsal view. 
<emphasis id="BE83EA89FF9C297B39DBF819718408DF" bold="true" box="[452,471,1963,1989]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">N</emphasis>
. Left paramere, lateral aspect, two different views. Scale bars: A–L = 1 mm; M–N = 0.2 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8C48369BFF9D297A38A6FE06727F0D41" blockId="65.[185,1399,436,603]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
C OLORATION. Median black spot of head posteriorly bifurcate. Pronotum mainly black with a median brownish-yellow spot. Mesonotum mainly black with a median brownish-yellow stripe. Metanotum chiefly blackish, without yellow markings (
<figureCitation id="14CC2A1EFF9D297A3ACCFE4873690D0F" box="[723,826,506,533]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="64.[189,232,1752,1778]" captionTargetBox="[295,1316,273,1705]" captionTargetId="figure-14@64.[241,1347,267,1708]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="Fig. 35. Morphological features of Rhyacobates takahashii Esaki, 1923. A. Body of female, dorsal view. B–C. Body of female, excluding head and prothorax, ventral view. D. Body of female, lateral view. E. Abdominal end of female, dorsal view. F. Abdominal end of female, ventral view. Abdominal end of female, lateral view. H. Body of male, dealated macropterous form, lateral view. I–J. Body of male, apterous form (I) and dealated macropterous form (J), dorsal view. K. Body of male, excluding head and prothorax, ventral view. L. Basal part of right middle leg of male, ventral view. M. Proctiger of male, dorsal view. N. Left paramere, lateral aspect, two different views. Scale bars: A–L = 1 mm; M–N = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8385712" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8385712/files/figure.png" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Fig. 35I</figureCitation>
). Connexivum dorsally blackish. Mesosternum chiefly blackish with a median subtriangular yellowish spot, narrower than that of female (
<figureCitation id="14CC2A1EFF9D297A3CE5FDAC75390D22" box="[1274,1386,541,568]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="64.[189,232,1752,1778]" captionTargetBox="[295,1316,273,1705]" captionTargetId="figure-14@64.[241,1347,267,1708]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="Fig. 35. Morphological features of Rhyacobates takahashii Esaki, 1923. A. Body of female, dorsal view. B–C. Body of female, excluding head and prothorax, ventral view. D. Body of female, lateral view. E. Abdominal end of female, dorsal view. F. Abdominal end of female, ventral view. Abdominal end of female, lateral view. H. Body of male, dealated macropterous form, lateral view. I–J. Body of male, apterous form (I) and dealated macropterous form (J), dorsal view. K. Body of male, excluding head and prothorax, ventral view. L. Basal part of right middle leg of male, ventral view. M. Proctiger of male, dorsal view. N. Left paramere, lateral aspect, two different views. Scale bars: A–L = 1 mm; M–N = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8385712" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8385712/files/figure.png" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Fig. 35K</figureCitation>
). Abdominal venter light yellow.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8C48369BFF9D297A38A2FD3171230DDA" blockId="65.[187,1398,642,704]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
<smallCapsWord id="8AAEA047FF9D297A38A2FD3170B80D81" baselines="662,662" box="[189,235,643,669]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Leg" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">LEG</smallCapsWord>
. Middle trochanter with one spine; middle femur with scattered small spines, not arranged in distinct row (
<figureCitation id="14CC2A1EFF9D297A38E6FD1771300DDA" box="[249,355,677,704]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="64.[189,232,1752,1778]" captionTargetBox="[295,1316,273,1705]" captionTargetId="figure-14@64.[241,1347,267,1708]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="Fig. 35. Morphological features of Rhyacobates takahashii Esaki, 1923. A. Body of female, dorsal view. B–C. Body of female, excluding head and prothorax, ventral view. D. Body of female, lateral view. E. Abdominal end of female, dorsal view. F. Abdominal end of female, ventral view. Abdominal end of female, lateral view. H. Body of male, dealated macropterous form, lateral view. I–J. Body of male, apterous form (I) and dealated macropterous form (J), dorsal view. K. Body of male, excluding head and prothorax, ventral view. L. Basal part of right middle leg of male, ventral view. M. Proctiger of male, dorsal view. N. Left paramere, lateral aspect, two different views. Scale bars: A–L = 1 mm; M–N = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8385712" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8385712/files/figure.png" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Fig. 35L</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8C48369BFF9D297A38A2FD55731E0C52" blockId="65.[188,1399,743,840]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
<smallCapsWord id="8AAEA047FF9D297A38A2FD5571620DE5" baselines="762,762" box="[189,305,743,769]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Genitalia" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">GENITALIA</smallCapsWord>
. Abdominal segment VIII ventro-laterally impressed. Pygophore large, ovate. Proctiger with rounded lobes laterally (
<figureCitation id="14CC2A1EFF9D297A39C9FCB872650C3E" box="[470,566,778,804]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[190,233,1892,1918]" captionTargetBox="[196,1386,1025,1826]" captionTargetId="figure-221@9.[189,1398,1007,1850]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 7. Proctiger of Rhyacobates spp. in dorsal view (males). A. R. gongvo Tran &amp; Yang, 2006. B. R. undbladi (Hungerford, 1957). C. R. malaisei Andersen &amp; Chen, 1995. D. R. recurvus Andersen &amp; Chen, 1995. E. R. scorpio Andersen &amp; Chen, 1995. F. R. svenhedini (Lundblad, 1934). G. R. takahashii Esaki, 1923. H. R. zetteli Tran &amp; Nguyen, 2016. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8385648" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8385648/files/figure.png" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Figs 7G</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="14CC2A1EFF9D297A3A5EFCB8723F0C3F" box="[577,620,778,805]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="64.[189,232,1752,1778]" captionTargetBox="[295,1316,273,1705]" captionTargetId="figure-14@64.[241,1347,267,1708]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="Fig. 35. Morphological features of Rhyacobates takahashii Esaki, 1923. A. Body of female, dorsal view. B–C. Body of female, excluding head and prothorax, ventral view. D. Body of female, lateral view. E. Abdominal end of female, dorsal view. F. Abdominal end of female, ventral view. Abdominal end of female, lateral view. H. Body of male, dealated macropterous form, lateral view. I–J. Body of male, apterous form (I) and dealated macropterous form (J), dorsal view. K. Body of male, excluding head and prothorax, ventral view. L. Basal part of right middle leg of male, ventral view. M. Proctiger of male, dorsal view. N. Left paramere, lateral aspect, two different views. Scale bars: A–L = 1 mm; M–N = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8385712" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8385712/files/figure.png" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">35I</figureCitation>
). Paramere relatively slender, strongly curved at basal fourth, distal part tapering towards hook-shaped apex (
<figureCitation id="14CC2A1EFF9D297A3ABFFC9F73540C5D" box="[672,775,813,839]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="10.[189,232,1822,1848]" captionTargetBox="[241,1331,291,1744]" captionTargetId="figure-14@10.[218,1369,265,1777]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Fig. 8. Paramere of Rhyacobates spp. in lateral view. A. R. bui sp. nov. B. R. elongatus sp. nov. C. R. turgidus sp. nov. D. R. abdominalis Andersen &amp; Chen, 1995. E. R. anderseni Tran &amp; Yang, 2006. F. R. chinensis Hungerford &amp; Matsuda, 1959. G. R. edentatus Andersen &amp; Chen, 1995. H. R. lundbladi (Hungerford, 1957). I. R. malaisei Andersen &amp; Chen, 1995. J. R. recurvus Andersen &amp; Chen, 1995. K. R. scorpio Andersen &amp; Chen, 1995. L. R. svenhedini (Lundblad, 1934). M. R. takahashii Esaki, 1923. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8385652" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8385652/files/figure.png" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Figs 8M</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="14CC2A1EFF9D297A3B0CFC9F73130C52" box="[787,832,813,840]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="64.[189,232,1752,1778]" captionTargetBox="[295,1316,273,1705]" captionTargetId="figure-14@64.[241,1347,267,1708]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="Fig. 35. Morphological features of Rhyacobates takahashii Esaki, 1923. A. Body of female, dorsal view. B–C. Body of female, excluding head and prothorax, ventral view. D. Body of female, lateral view. E. Abdominal end of female, dorsal view. F. Abdominal end of female, ventral view. Abdominal end of female, lateral view. H. Body of male, dealated macropterous form, lateral view. I–J. Body of male, apterous form (I) and dealated macropterous form (J), dorsal view. K. Body of male, excluding head and prothorax, ventral view. L. Basal part of right middle leg of male, ventral view. M. Proctiger of male, dorsal view. N. Left paramere, lateral aspect, two different views. Scale bars: A–L = 1 mm; M–N = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8385712" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8385712/files/figure.png" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">35J</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8C48369BFF9D297A38F5FCDD72020C93" blockId="65.[188,1398,879,1011]" box="[234,593,879,905]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
<emphasis id="BE83EA89FF9D297A38F5FCDD72020C93" bold="true" box="[234,593,879,905]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Dealated macropterous male</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8C48369BFF9D297A38A2FC2074670CE9" blockId="65.[188,1398,879,1011]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
Similar to apterous female in general structure and coloration with following exceptions: thorax with a pronotal lobe, anterior part with a subrhombic yellow marking, posterior part elongate, covering most of mesonotum; posterior margin broadly rounded and brownish (
<figureCitation id="14CC2A1EFF9D297A3B8AFC6A73BD0CE9" box="[917,1006,984,1011]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[189,232,1743,1769]" captionTargetBox="[200,1390,762,1681]" captionTargetId="figure-118@7.[189,1398,726,1709]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 5. Photographs of bodies of Rhyacobates spp. in lateral view (apterous females). A. R. bui sp. nov. B. R. elongatus sp. nov.C. R. turgidus sp. nov.D. R. abdominalisAndersen &amp; Chen, 1995.E. R. anderseni Tran &amp; Yang, 2006. F. R. angustus Tran &amp; Nguyen, 2016, holotype (ZVNU). G. R. chinensis Hungerford &amp; Matsuda, 1959. H. R. constrictus Tran &amp; Nguyen, 2016. I. R. edentatus Andersen &amp; Chen, 1995. J. R. gongvo Tran &amp; Yang, 2006. K. R. lundbladi (Hungerford, 1957). L. R. malaisei Andersen &amp; Chen, 1995. M. R. recurvus Andersen &amp; Chen, 1995. N. R. scorpio Andersen &amp; Chen, 1995. O. R. svenhedini (Lundblad, 1934). P. R. takahashii Esaki, 1923. Q. R. zetteli Tran &amp; Nguyen, 2016. Scale bar = 3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8385644" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8385644/files/figure.png" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Figs 5P</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="14CC2A1EFF9D297A3BE5FC6A74740CE9" box="[1018,1063,984,1011]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="64.[189,232,1752,1778]" captionTargetBox="[295,1316,273,1705]" captionTargetId="figure-14@64.[241,1347,267,1708]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="Fig. 35. Morphological features of Rhyacobates takahashii Esaki, 1923. A. Body of female, dorsal view. B–C. Body of female, excluding head and prothorax, ventral view. D. Body of female, lateral view. E. Abdominal end of female, dorsal view. F. Abdominal end of female, ventral view. Abdominal end of female, lateral view. H. Body of male, dealated macropterous form, lateral view. I–J. Body of male, apterous form (I) and dealated macropterous form (J), dorsal view. K. Body of male, excluding head and prothorax, ventral view. L. Basal part of right middle leg of male, ventral view. M. Proctiger of male, dorsal view. N. Left paramere, lateral aspect, two different views. Scale bars: A–L = 1 mm; M–N = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8385712" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8385712/files/figure.png" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">35J</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8C48369BFF9D297A38A2FBA8748D0BFE" blockId="65.[188,1399,1050,1253]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
<smallCapsWord id="8AAEA047FF9D297A38A2FBA871380B28" baselines="1069,1069" box="[189,363,1050,1076]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Measurements" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">MEASUREMENTS</smallCapsWord>
. Body length 6.39, width 1.85, head width 1.22, interocular width 0.47, eye length (dorsal view) 0.49; relative lengths of antennal segments I–IV: 3.24:0.93: 0.90: 0.79; pronotum: length 2.40, width 1.81; mesonotum width 1.85; metanotum: length 0.49, width 1.68; abdomen length (ventral view) 2.29; abdominal sternum VII: length 0.53, width 0.97; abdominal mediotergite I: length 0.25, width 0.69; relative lengths of leg segments (femur:tibia: tarsal segment I:tarsal segment II): fore leg: 3.66:3.11:1.34: 0.60, middle leg: 10.48: 5.32:2.26:0.33, hind leg: 11.02: 3.56: 0.13: 0.18.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C4ED6510FF9D297A38A2FAB973FC0A4E" box="[189,943,1291,1364]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8C48369BFF9D297A38A2FAB971050A3F" blockId="65.[189,342,1291,1317]" box="[189,342,1291,1317]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
<heading id="D70081F7FF9D297A38A2FAB971050A3F" bold="true" box="[189,342,1291,1317]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" reason="3">
<emphasis id="BE83EA89FF9D297A38A2FAB971050A3F" bold="true" box="[189,342,1291,1317]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Distribution</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8C48369BFF9D297A38A2FA8873FC0A4E" blockId="65.[189,943,1337,1364]" box="[189,943,1337,1364]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
<collectingCountry id="F4E0760BFF9D297A38A2FA88715B0A4E" box="[189,264,1338,1364]" name="China" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">China</collectingCountry>
: 
<collectingRegion id="4E33F879FF9D297A390CFA88712B0A4E" box="[275,376,1338,1364]" country="China" name="Guangxi" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Guangxi</collectingRegion>
(first record); 
<collectingCountry id="F4E0760BFF9D297A3A3EFA8872240A4E" box="[545,631,1338,1364]" name="Taiwan" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="E8664B6AFF9D297A3A99FA8873F10A4E" author="Andersen &amp; Chen" box="[646,930,1337,1364]" firstAuthor="Andersen" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" pagination="51 - 67" refId="ref32941" refString="Andersen N. M. &amp; Chen P. P. 1995. A taxonomic revision of the Ptilomerine genus Rhyacobates Esaki (Hemiptera: Gerridae), with five new species from China and adjacent countries. Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 138: 51 - 67." type="journal article" year="1995">Andersen &amp; Chen 1995</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C4ED6510FF9D297A38A2FAC9742E0934" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8C48369BFF9D297A38A2FAC971F90A8F" blockId="65.[189,426,1403,1429]" box="[189,426,1403,1429]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
<heading id="D70081F7FF9D297A38A2FAC971F90A8F" bold="true" box="[189,426,1403,1429]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" reason="3">
<emphasis id="BE83EA89FF9D297A38A2FAC971F90A8F" bold="true" box="[189,426,1403,1429]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Comparative notes</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8C48369BFF9D297A38A2FA18742E0934" blockId="65.[188,1399,1450,1582]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
The female of 
<taxonomicName id="4BF74D18FF9D297A3961FA1872730ADE" authorityName="Esaki" authorityYear="1923" box="[382,544,1450,1476]" class="Insecta" family="Gerridae" genus="Rhyacobates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="takahashii">
<emphasis id="BE83EA89FF9D297A3961FA1872730ADE" box="[382,544,1450,1476]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">R. takahashii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from all other species of 
<taxonomicName id="4BF74D18FF9D297A3C9CFA18754A0ADE" authorityName="Esaki" authorityYear="1923" box="[1155,1305,1450,1476]" class="Insecta" family="Gerridae" genus="Rhyacobates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="BE83EA89FF9D297A3C9CFA18754A0ADE" box="[1155,1305,1450,1476]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Rhyacobates</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the combination of following characters: in the females, the posterior margin of abdominal segment VII has three processes, including an erect, elongate and angular process terminating each connexivum, which is directed ventrad, and a pointed, slender median process ventrally (
<figureCitation id="14CC2A1EFF9D297A3BFCF9A174230934" box="[995,1136,1555,1582]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="64.[189,232,1752,1778]" captionTargetBox="[295,1316,273,1705]" captionTargetId="figure-14@64.[241,1347,267,1708]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="Fig. 35. Morphological features of Rhyacobates takahashii Esaki, 1923. A. Body of female, dorsal view. B–C. Body of female, excluding head and prothorax, ventral view. D. Body of female, lateral view. E. Abdominal end of female, dorsal view. F. Abdominal end of female, ventral view. Abdominal end of female, lateral view. H. Body of male, dealated macropterous form, lateral view. I–J. Body of male, apterous form (I) and dealated macropterous form (J), dorsal view. K. Body of male, excluding head and prothorax, ventral view. L. Basal part of right middle leg of male, ventral view. M. Proctiger of male, dorsal view. N. Left paramere, lateral aspect, two different views. Scale bars: A–L = 1 mm; M–N = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8385712" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8385712/files/figure.png" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Fig. 35F–G</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>