245 lines
18 KiB
XML
245 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.781.25713" ID-GBIF-Dataset="df42a760-d28a-4a78-8090-1bcd979c3be1" ID-PMC="PMC6160825" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-781-59" ID-PubMed="30271234" ID-ZBK="48CB967F88294E02BFE0CB56F28D7DAC" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2018" ModsDocID="1313-2970-781-59" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 781" ModsDocTitle="A new species of Leptopulvinaria Kanda from China, with a key to species (Hemiptera, Coccomorpha, Coccidae)" checkinTime="1534154323600" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="He, Xiaoying, Han, Yangyang & Wu, Sanan" docDate="2018" docId="B0A93B72C31BE37C0E1516277673673A" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 781: 59-66" docOrigin="ZooKeys 781" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.781.25713" docTitle="Leptopulvinaria sapinda He, Han & Wu, 2018, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="46EDC4B0-9BFD-45DC-82FF-6E3134DC0274" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="59" masterDocId="D658FFE90B7E4353FFF4B539FF8E2017" masterDocTitle="A new species of Leptopulvinaria Kanda from China, with a key to species (Hemiptera, Coccomorpha, Coccidae)" masterLastPageNumber="66" masterPageNumber="59" pageNumber="59" updateTime="1668166157899" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>A new species of Leptopulvinaria Kanda from China, with a key to species (Hemiptera, Coccomorpha, Coccidae)</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>He, Xiaoying</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Han, Yangyang</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Wu, Sanan</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part>
|
||
<mods:date>2018</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number>781</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start>59</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end>66</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location>
|
||
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.781.25713</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.781.25713</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-781-59</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="ZBK">48CB967F88294E02BFE0CB56F28D7DAC</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">48CB967F88294E02BFE0CB56F28D7DAC</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="147258505" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:46EDC4B0-9BFD-45DC-82FF-6E3134DC0274" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B0A93B72C31BE37C0E1516277673673A" lastPageNumber="59" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="59" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
|
||
<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/46EDC4B0-9BFD-45DC-82FF-6E3134DC0274" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Leptopulvinaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptopulvinaria sapinda" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sapinda">Leptopulvinaria sapinda</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="59">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="59" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="59">Material examined.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
|
||
Holotype: Adult female. CHINA, Shanghai City, Qingpu District, 7.vi.2017, on
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapindaceae" genus="Sapindus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Sapindus saponaria" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="saponaria">Sapindus saponaria</taxonomicName>
|
||
L. (
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Sapindaceae" lsidName="Coccomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rank="family">Sapindaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), coll. Yangyang Han, 1♀(BFUC). Paratypes: Same data as holotype, 18♀(BFUC); CHINA, Jiangsu Province, Kunshan City, 11.X.2016, on same host as holotype, coll. Lei Gao, 11♀♀(BFUC).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="59" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="59">Description.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
|
||
Adult female. Unmounted material: (Figure 1
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
|
||
). Adult female more or less pointed anteriorly, usually somewhat asymmetrical, the young one whitish or light yellowish (Figure 1A), changing to with dark brown reticulations on dorsum except midline, the mature one black, with a longitudinal yellowish stripe along middle line of dorsum (Figure 1C). After oviposition (Figure 1B), the dorsum with wax filaments mainly on the marginal and submarginal area; wax secreted forming a short white ovisac.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
|
||
Figure 1.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Leptopulvinaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptopulvinaria sapinda" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sapinda">Leptopulvinaria sapinda</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n., A young adult female B adult female after oviposition C adult females from young to mature stages D ovisacs on trunk of host tree.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="59" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="59">Mounted material</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
|
||
(Figure 2
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–R">A-R</normalizedToken>
|
||
). Body (Figure 2A) elongate oval, 2.2-5.3 mm long, 1.2-3.0 mm wide. Margin with a slight indentation at each stigmatic cleft and sometimes also near each eyespot. Anal cleft 400-770
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
, approximately 1/6-1/7 body length.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
|
||
Figure 2. Adult female of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Leptopulvinaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptopulvinaria sapinda" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sapinda">Leptopulvinaria sapinda</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n., A body derm B antennae C stigmatic spine D spiracular pore E submarginal seta F spiracle G ventral microduct H leg I1, I2 ventral tubular duct J multilocular pore K1 anal plate K2 ano-genital fold L preopercular pore M dorsal tubercle N dorsal microduct O marginal setae P dorsal tubular duct Q dorsal seta R dermal areolation. Scale bars: 200
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(B, F, H, K, R); 20
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(C, O); 10
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(D, E, G, I, J, L, N, P, Q except A).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="59" type="dorsum">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="59">Dorsum.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
|
||
Derm membranous. Dermal areolations (Figure 2R) well developed. Dorsal tubercles (Figure 2M) convex, each 11-13
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
in diameter, present on submarginal area, 12-14 between anterior spiracular clefts, 3-5 between each anterior and posterior spiracular clefts, and 10-15 between each posterior spiracular clefts and anal cleft. Preopercular pores (Figure 2L) circular, obvious, each with a diameter of 6-8
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
, present in a small group of 36 to 56 in front of anal plates, extending to prothorax. Tubular ducts (Figure 2P) of one type, outer ductule 8-10
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
long, 2-3
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
wide, inner ductule 12-17
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
long, 1
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
wide, arranged in a reticulate pattern with microducts (Figure 2N). Dorsal setae (Figure 2Q) 6-7
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
long, spiniform, arranged like tubular ducts and microducts. Anal plates (Figure 2K1) each triangular, 150-158
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
long, 63-75
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
wide, anterolateral margin slightly concave, 78-100
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
long; posterolateral margin slightly convex, 115-138
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
long. Each plate with four apical setae. Ano-genital fold (Figure 2K2) with two pair of setae along anterior margin and two pairs laterally. Anal ring subcircular, with one or two rows of translucent pores and six or eight anal ring setae. Eyespots present near margin.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="59" type="margin">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="59">Margin.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
|
||
Marginal setae (Figure 2O) 14-29
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
long, straight, or slightly curved, rather bluntly pointed; distributed as follow: 60-69 between anterior stigmatic cleft, 21-27 between each anterior and posterior stigmatic cleft, and 52-64 between each posterior stigmatic cleft and anal cleft. Stigmatic clefts (Figure 2C) not deep but distinct; with three (except one with four) stigmatic spines in each cleft; median spine 32-56
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
long, 1.5-2.3 times as long as lateral spines, slightly curved, bluntly pointed; lateral spines slightly curved, bluntly pointed, 14-34
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
long. Eyespots present on margin.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="59" type="venter">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="59">Venter.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
|
||
Derm membranous. Ventral setae: one or two pairs of long setae, 125-238
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
long, present medially on all abdominal and thoracic segments, and also near each coxa (a few pairs of setae occasionally absent on thoracic segments); three pairs of long setae present between antennae, 225-258
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
long; short setae (Figure 2E) 11-14
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
long, slender, acute, mostly straight, and distributed evenly. Antennae (Figure 2B) well developed, 8-segmented, 493-678
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
long, third segment longest; length of segments I to VIII (μm): 60-75, 75-113, 90-150, 78-125, 65-93, 48-83, 38-68, 43-53, respectively; segment VI; VII; VIII each with 1, 1, 4 fleshy setae. Clypeolabral shield 128-168
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
long, 125-168
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
wide. Labium 68-80
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
long, 80-113
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
wide. Legs (Figure 2H) well developed, with a tibio-tarsal articulation and an articulatory sclerosis; claw without denticle; tarsal digitules slender, knobbed; claw digitules broad, and expanded at apex; hind trochanter + femur 275-370
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
long, hind tibia + tarsus 385-558
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
long; claw 35-45
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
long. Ratio of lengths of hind tibia + tarsus to hind trochanter + femur 1.4-1.8. Ratio of lengths of hind tarsus to tibia 1.9-2.3. Anterior spiracles each 68-88
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
long, 45-60
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
wide; posterior spiracles (Figure 2F) each 75-100
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
long, 55-75
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
wide. Spiracular pores (Figure 2D) present in narrow bands one to three pores wide between margin and each spiracle; each mainly with five loculi, 5
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
in diameter, 22-43 in anterior spiracular pore band, 33-56 in posterior spiracular pore band. Multilocular pores (Figure 2J) 7-8
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
in diameter, mainly ten loculi, frequent around anal area, in transverse bands on abdomen, and also scattered in head and thorax. Ventral microducts (Figure 2G) scattered. Ventral tubular ducts (Figure 2I) of two types present: I) a duct (Figure 2I1) with a narrow inner ductule and a well-developed terminal gland; outer ductule 10-15
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
long, 3-4
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
wide, inner ductule 16-20
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
long, 1-2
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
wide, 5
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
wide for terminal gland; present submarginally on posterior segments, where they are mixed with type II ducts, a few ducts also present medially on abdominal segments (occasionally present on submarginal head and thorax). II) a duct (Figure 2I2) with a slender inner filament; outer ductule 14-16
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
long, 2-3
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
wide, inner ductule 13-18
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
long, 1
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
wide; numerous in submarginal area and mixed with ducts of type I, but becoming sparse on thorax and head, a few present medially on abdominal segments.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="59" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="59">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="59">China (Jiangsu and Shanghai)</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="59" type="host">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="59">Host plant.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapindaceae" genus="Sapindus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Sapindus saponaria" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="saponaria">Sapindus saponaria</taxonomicName>
|
||
L. (
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Sapindaceae" lsidName="Coccomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rank="family">Sapindaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="59" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="59">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="59">The specific epithet is taken from the genus name of host plant.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="59" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="59">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
|
||
The new species is easily distinguished from the two other
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Leptopulvinaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptopulvinaria" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Leptopulvinaria</taxonomicName>
|
||
species by having dorsal tubular ducts, microducts, and setae arranged in a reticulate pattern, and numerous multilocular pores on head and thorax. Moreover,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="L. sapinda" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rank="species" species="sapinda">L. sapinda</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. has a group of preopercular pores extending from anterior anal plates to prothorax, and has 10-15 dorsal tubercles between each posterior stigmatic cleft and the anal cleft, whereas
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="L. elaeocarpi" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rank="species" species="elaeocarpi">L. elaeocarpi</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a small group of preopercular pores restricted to anterior anal plates, and 1-4 dorsal tubercles between each posterior stigmatic cleft and the anal cleft. In
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="L. kawaii" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rank="species" species="kawaii">L. kawaii</taxonomicName>
|
||
, preopercular pores are absent (or if there are any, then they are difficult to see) and there are only 0-7 dorsal tubercles between each posterior stigmatic cleft and the anal cleft.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
|
||
During the pre-oviposition period, the adult females of this new species suck plant juices mainly along the main and lateral veins of leaves (Figure 1C). When ovipositing, they usually climb to the trunk and branches (although occasionally they stay on the leaves) to lay eggs (Figure 1B, 1D). Similar behavior, namely changing infesting place on the host trees before ovipositon is also reported in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="L. kawaii" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rank="species" species="kawaii">L. kawaii</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Kawai, S" journalOrPublisher="Zenkoku Noson Kyoiku Kyokai, Tokyo" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" title="Scale Insects of Japan in Colors." year="1980">Kawai 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). This fact may indicate that
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="L. sapinda" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rank="species" species="sapinda">L. sapinda</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. is probably close to
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="L. kawaii" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rank="species" species="kawaii">L. kawaii</taxonomicName>
|
||
and supports the placement of the new species in this genus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |