346 lines
44 KiB
XML
346 lines
44 KiB
XML
<document ID-CLB-Dataset="22854" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.929.49987" ID-GBIF-Dataset="97c79ed9-33fd-49b8-90c5-95a159839db2" ID-PMC="PMC7192954" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-929-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="EFB92B457B1D56A1996483C5EECFAAF0" ID-PubMed="32377146" ID-ZooBank="4FCA3A27–973C49F7–8264–6A34D279EC5C" ModsDocID="1313-2970-929-1" checkinTime="1587627147117" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Gittenberger, Edmund, Leda, Pema, Wangchuk, Jigme, Gyeltshen, Choki & Bjoern Stelbrink," docDate="2020" docId="65E57C37BD1F572AB522BC1491C34D65" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 929: 1-17" docOrigin="ZooKeys 929" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.929.49987" docTitle="Tricula montana" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" id="EFB92B457B1D56A1996483C5EECFAAF0" lastPageNumber="14" masterDocId="EFB92B457B1D56A1996483C5EECFAAF0" masterDocTitle="The genera Erhaia and Tricula (Gastropoda, Rissooidea, Amnicolidae and Pomatiopsidae) in Bhutan and elsewhere in the eastern Himalaya" masterLastPageNumber="17" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="11" updateTime="1732748779243" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="CD0C3C717B57061CE1938E3B3821222A">
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<mods:title id="59211E0718AECD6EB43840A2C4CD0FFE">The genera Erhaia and Tricula (Gastropoda, Rissooidea, Amnicolidae and Pomatiopsidae) in Bhutan and elsewhere in the eastern Himalaya</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="4C287D492A54C3D2169B1DAA3D455890" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="D822384B355E36626C6AA1BAD3F8DBAB">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="7F3F9DC889A8427A695A7A6B11F52AE5">Gittenberger, Edmund</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="BF99018C28CA88EB52A5B135E4DAE5A0">Naturalis Biodiversity Center, P. O. Box 9517, NL- 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="A6B717EDB3B8BCD4D9212B445B631401" type="email">egittenberger@yahoo.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="C1213CCA595E569BD864EAB417BA403F">Leda, Pema</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="0F962DA9335FB41818BB49DEAA0BA77D">National Biodiversity Centre, Serbithang, Thimphu, Bhutan</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="E39DF50B0F676444A50EBB2CF29D95BC" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="C94B2A059CF465B01A7170F6B4B508FD">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="14D2C2C6D3D34C65977FE6901D0FEC5A">Wangchuk, Jigme</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="3CC695D1BD707BA812166A247DECE3A3">Ugyen Wangchuck Institute for Conservation and Environmental Research, Bumthang, Bhutan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="9D27D70A5D43E79B2E26D4D212B4471D" type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3503-4369</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:name id="3CA0345FCDF5E90DCDCC4689E127FA6D" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="B853B0D9A72AB27129FBA8C4003BB419">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="9AF84A761B65EF82B5506823BC56018E">Gyeltshen, Choki</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="A8372BB1F3CDA7965741A755CAC1C352">National Biodiversity Centre, Serbithang, Thimphu, Bhutan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="D3FCA42423D5CA4F1326A7188D342461" type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6790-6278</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="993F9B788EDC29B748AC637B35988676">Bjoern Stelbrink,</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="D8B7DDCA67CA4037646CF02FF63BCB04">Department of Animal Ecology & Systematics, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26 - 32 IFZ, D- 35392 Giessen, Germany & Zoological Institute, Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, Vesalgasse 1, 4051 Basel, Switzerland</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="5D6C5B370B845D16A45653A887F247E9" type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7471-4992</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="211C20BBC356D6777BEE63BA6B56763B">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="09235583FE967F952B9B858338E085F4">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="697F8908B7304D37923905510DBB09AB">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="7DA75EAD412425F302BDF8D44B36C603" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="110A6B72AEC5D47CB43EAEF3DB878A30">929</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="674EE489F596C5DC3B8035C5081C4B28">1</mods:start>
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<mods:url id="926D4F3EDFFC01E1CF4407E0EC1B0F0C">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.929.49987</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification id="5B1572F76A88DBE797D500C65CB33872">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="43D115CA0C5EEC6E1F9C61C6052C165C" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.929.49987</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="541ACF338ACA3E84A3E6C8CD0F215183" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-929-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="AB2309EB5C7B3011E9A1EBE12AC90375" type="ZooBank">4FCA3A27-973C49F7-8264-6A34D279EC5C</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="995E5E2DB33539297709DBE1B4826984" type="Pensoft-UUID">EFB92B457B1D56A1996483C5EECFAAF0</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="65E57C37BD1F572AB522BC1491C34D65" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163735472" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:65E57C37BD1F572AB522BC1491C34D65" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/65E57C37BD1F572AB522BC1491C34D65" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" scope_class="Gastropoda" scope_family="Amnicolidae" scope_superFamily="Rissooidea">
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<subSubSection id="B9A4A78BA92EE75D588886489DA8A85E" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="82C21ADB8F4919A8DD9E6646F7106DD5" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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<taxonomicName id="2C5EE8F32A7F2FB064E05F07C5D002C0" ID-CoL="58N8J" LSID="65E57C37-BD1F-572A-B522-BC1491C34D65" authority="(Benson, 1843)" baseAuthorityName="Benson" baseAuthorityYear="1843" class="Gastropoda" family="Pomatiopsidae" genus="Tricula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tricula montana" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="montana">Tricula montana (Benson, 1843)</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation id="DC22FEB74C3217BD82FFB74ED95C75F7" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Records of the sympatric Erhaia jannei and E. pelkiae (star), E. wangchuki (triangle), and Tricula montana (dots) in Bhutan." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/402716" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Figs 1</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="C5655C2788BADAB4E9797F3F8547B032" captionStart="Figures 16, 17" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figures 16, 17. Tricula montana (Benson, 1843), Bhutan 16 District Lhuentse, Khardungchhu, 1634 m a. s. l. (H 3.1 mm) 17 Bhutan, district Mongar, Chhuburee, 818 m a. s. l. (decollate specimen, H 3.0 mm). Photos by J. Goud." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/402723" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">, 16-17</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="3C7F7345C094C0D63ED9C281D5F3A724" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="1442D6606B9BB4E4C9948393E96DD9A8" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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<taxonomicName id="B6B1FBA011A40B2FF0900A0744386290" class="Gastropoda" family="Pomatiopsidae" genus="Melania" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Melania (Tricula) montana" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="montana" subGenus="Tricula">Melania (Tricula) montana</taxonomicName>
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Benson, 1843: 467 (
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<normalizedToken id="2E5DD2AC9B45FBF843F124DADBB70FC5" originalValue="“Bhimtal”">"Bhimtal"</normalizedToken>
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, Nainital District, Uttarakhand, India; 1370 m a.s.l.). Lectotype in The Natural History Museum, London no. 1964426 (design.
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<bibRefCitation id="D13D0B13CF8A5F422476C5E66E66741D" author="Davis, GM" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="426 - 442" publicationUrl="http://www.jstor.org/stable/4064915" refId="B3" refString="Davis, GM, Rao, NVS, Hoagland, KE, 1986. In search of Tricula (Gastropoda: Prosobranchia): Tricula defined, and a new genus described. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 138: 426 - 442, http://www.jstor.org/stable/4064915" title="In search of Tricula (Gastropoda: Prosobranchia): Tricula defined, and a new genus described." url="http://www.jstor.org/stable/4064915" volume="138" year="1986">Davis et al. 1986</bibRefCitation>
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: 428, fig. 3A).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="76035EC1DFCE232200239461EB67F0B0" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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||
<taxonomicName id="461361A985272826A9D7CD9C99BE3DC6" baseAuthorityName="Benson" baseAuthorityYear="1843" class="Gastropoda" family="Pomatiopsidae" genus="Tricula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tricula montana" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="montana">Tricula montana</taxonomicName>
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;
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||
<bibRefCitation id="2D34BD59A788D410B76FA2046A70E337" author="Preston, HB" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Biology and Evolution" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refId="B15" refString="Preston, HB, 1915. Mollusca. (Freshwater Gastropoda & Pelecypoda). - The fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma: i-xix, 1-244. Taylor and Francis, London." title="Mollusca. (Freshwater Gastropoda & Pelecypoda). - The fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma: i-xix, 1 - 244. Taylor and Francis, London." year="1915">Preston 1915</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 68.
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||
<bibRefCitation id="413473966680BE07610E7FDAD31650D9" author="Davis, GM" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="426 - 442" publicationUrl="http://www.jstor.org/stable/4064915" refId="B3" refString="Davis, GM, Rao, NVS, Hoagland, KE, 1986. In search of Tricula (Gastropoda: Prosobranchia): Tricula defined, and a new genus described. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 138: 426 - 442, http://www.jstor.org/stable/4064915" title="In search of Tricula (Gastropoda: Prosobranchia): Tricula defined, and a new genus described." url="http://www.jstor.org/stable/4064915" volume="138" year="1986">Davis et al. 1986</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 428-433, figs 3-4 (shell), 4 (operculum), 5-8 (anatomy), 9-10 (radula).
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||
<bibRefCitation id="1E5D389D2258C2175D4B306D77DCEABC" author="Nesemann, H" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Biology and Evolution" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refId="B13" refString="Nesemann, H, Sharma, S, Sharma, G, Khanal, SN, Pradhan, B, Shah, DN, Tachamo, RD, 2007. Class Gastropoda. In: Nesemann H, Sharma S, Sharma G, Khanal SN, Pradhan B, Shah DN, Tachamo RD (Eds) Aquatic Invertebrates of the Ganga River System, Volume 1: Mollusca, Annelida, Crustacea (in part): 57-102." title="Class Gastropoda. In: Nesemann H, Sharma S, Sharma G, Khanal SN, Pradhan B, Shah DN, Tachamo RD (Eds) Aquatic Invertebrates of the Ganga River System, Volume 1: Mollusca, Annelida, Crustacea (in part): 57 - 102." year="2007">Nesemann et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 62, 78 pl. 15, fig. 1.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="A8060DE21539D1DECC9457C46C5DEC49" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="802B4BDBCD8D026EE73F5CB3058BFCA9" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B958A44A0F2A16AE02FD42EFC550E8B1" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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Bhutan • District Lhuentse: Khardungchhu;
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<geoCoordinate id="CC1E442E87D69A940E938C12182AFCAB" degrees="27" direction="north" minutes="31" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="56" value="27.532223">27°31'56"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="4C332FD1127A7DB86A6A514835679AC9" degrees="91" direction="east" minutes="12" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="19" value="91.20528">91°12'19"E</geoCoordinate>
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; 1634 m a.s.l.; J. Wangchuk leg. 28.IV.2017; 3 shells; NBCB 1061. Same data except for 27.III.2019; 8 specimens in ethanol 70%; NBCB 1064.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4FF683EE90FC9A3117E2D1BC8BEEE3DC" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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District Lhuentse: Jarkangchhu;
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<geoCoordinate id="2DA4F1D966632F2F3E4417725254487F" degrees="27" direction="north" minutes="32" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="27" value="27.540833">27°32'27"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="78E61A8763C17D22E8E8516D67FAA65B" degrees="91" direction="east" minutes="12" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="25" value="91.20694">91°12'25"E</geoCoordinate>
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; 1333 m a.s.l.; J. Wangchuk leg. 28.IV.2017; 2 shells; NBCB 1063. Same data except for 27.III.2019; 7 specimens in ethanol 70%; NBCB 1066.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8DE22FA9225642967B3F31A0B0ADFA93" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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District Lhuentse: Songkhangchhu;
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<geoCoordinate id="FD4918668030EE5D8F3D1FA7D4D5DEC7" degrees="27" direction="north" minutes="31" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="54" value="27.531666">27°31'54"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="FC7FD4E2A0B9A20F46919568F108BD4F" degrees="91" direction="east" minutes="11" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="17" value="91.18806">91°11'17"E</geoCoordinate>
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; 1152 m a.s.l.; J. Wangchuk leg. 27.III.2019; 3 specimens in ethanol 70%; NBCB 1068.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="973C2CC6383D063B6AE761EE6AB1060B" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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District Lhuentse: Fawan;
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<geoCoordinate id="111B44BF3EDACD62C5BD99AD5A0A1569" degrees="27" direction="north" minutes="29" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="22" value="27.489445">27°29'22"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="B01565DAFA361AC0C2AFC22065E2F692" degrees="91" direction="east" minutes="10" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="57" value="91.182495">91°10'57"E</geoCoordinate>
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; 940 m a.s.l.; J. Wangchuk leg. 27.III.2019; 3 specimens in ethanol 70%; NBCB 1069.
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1238B14274AACA8AE64A5E5CF8794EB1" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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||
District Mongar: Chhuburee;
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<geoCoordinate id="EA7E1FEE9FA324BF7B4C0703496E45F4" degrees="27" direction="north" minutes="15" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="41" value="27.261389">27°15'41"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="C1EAC2453DB1C4EC29A9771AC05777E3" degrees="91" direction="east" minutes="09" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="02" value="91.15056">91°09 02"E</geoCoordinate>
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; 818 m a.s.l.; J. Wangchuk leg. 3.V.2017; 2 shells; NBCB 1062. Same data except for 26.III.2019; 5 specimens in ethanol 70%; NBCB 1065.
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D92E9C8B3859FB056191384B21F9D561" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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District Mongar: Rekpalung;
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<geoCoordinate id="773F649315E4F50E4D1422F070994DE8" degrees="27" direction="north" minutes="19" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="34" value="27.326113">27°19'34"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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||
<geoCoordinate id="B8E9456619378F8AC2674EFBD6D4B02B" degrees="91" direction="east" minutes="13" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="28" value="91.22444">91°13'28"E</geoCoordinate>
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; 885 m a.s.l.; J. Wangchuk leg. 27.III.2019; 3 specimens in ethanol 70%; NBCB 1070.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BBC63C57BC32965B50A57D5C1359404" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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District Trongsa: Chendebji;
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<geoCoordinate id="7AB45CDC25AE51FD9F999C8243BEF366" degrees="27" direction="north" minutes="29" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="24" value="27.49">27°29'24"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="8EB3BE936A002343A794414956751EC0" degrees="90" direction="east" minutes="20" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="18" value="90.33833">90°20'18"E</geoCoordinate>
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; 2631 m a.s.l., J. Wangchuk photographed 12.I.2018.
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="EBFADA95245247ED05F15DA6D6435684" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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District Wangdue Phodrang: 40 km SSE of Wangdue Phodrang;
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<geoCoordinate id="CBFE12072BA2C46FF4BB96586A8E0F3B" degrees="27" direction="north" minutes="09" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="25" value="27.156944">27°09'25"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="AD435CCCAAC3C28029AA3E77A40AA884" degrees="90" direction="east" minutes="04" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="05" value="90.068054">90°04'05"E</geoCoordinate>
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; 527 m a.s.l.; E. Gittenberger, Choki Gyeltshen & Kezang Tobgay leg. 24.IX.2019; 23 shells; 23 specimens in ethanol 70%; 10 specimens in ethanol 97%; NBCB 1084.
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="34C7016E4AC64ED7A57D5E8BEBC60D36" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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District Zhemgang, Kekhar,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="D651965D06F8B4BF1115E5289EA09D5C" degrees="27" direction="north" minutes="12" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="37" value="27.21028">27°12'37"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="DD2A0163D6B6922316DB1F31490CBBEE" degrees="90" direction="east" minutes="46" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="28" value="90.774445">90°46'28"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; 1540 m a.s.l., J. Wangchuk leg. photographed 17.I.2018.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D623426527D15DE7235571D0D0E1B99A" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="shell">
|
||
<paragraph id="F465C8C0FA917EB58ACDDC0B4B155757" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Shell.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="44A4C5809BE5AB261048CB60ED985683" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
Shell slender conical, with up to c. 5 shouldered, moderately convex whorls, separated by an incised suture; with obsolete growth lines and poorly discernible dense spiral lirae. Pale yellowish grey, with a light brown apertural border when fully grown. Apex not flattened, often decollate. Aperture triangular with broadly rounded edges, its parietal side about double the length of the columellar side; palatal side straight,
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="7E38668EA6C0B213F7F9B0D65C304C00" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" start="start">passing</pageBreakToken>
|
||
into the slightly curved basal border with a more strongly curved transitional part. Parietal border of the aperture attached, at least in the middle and not or only slightly protruding. Umbilicus closed or nearly so.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C8F9C5978735CFBB2E63DAA3B6A65CA8" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="1A2471416158D5EADD67A086AEFD0834" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Measurements.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="7C870EAF66EC43EF0B57272B05CCC494" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
According to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79C5AAC48352E0319FAA171E02DE1596" author="Davis, GM" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="426 - 442" publicationUrl="http://www.jstor.org/stable/4064915" refId="B3" refString="Davis, GM, Rao, NVS, Hoagland, KE, 1986. In search of Tricula (Gastropoda: Prosobranchia): Tricula defined, and a new genus described. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 138: 426 - 442, http://www.jstor.org/stable/4064915" title="In search of Tricula (Gastropoda: Prosobranchia): Tricula defined, and a new genus described." url="http://www.jstor.org/stable/4064915" volume="138" year="1986">Davis et al. (1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 431) the shell height of males and females combined (
|
||
<emphasis id="E0140ED7EC981B4C4232E4185B8DA6F9" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">N</emphasis>
|
||
= 10) is 3.32-3.72 mm. However, for the lectotype a larger shell height is indicated, i.e. 3.92 mm (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8CC870C477A4C3158ADE49C5FB71D153" author="Davis, GM" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="426 - 442" publicationUrl="http://www.jstor.org/stable/4064915" refId="B3" refString="Davis, GM, Rao, NVS, Hoagland, KE, 1986. In search of Tricula (Gastropoda: Prosobranchia): Tricula defined, and a new genus described. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 138: 426 - 442, http://www.jstor.org/stable/4064915" title="In search of Tricula (Gastropoda: Prosobranchia): Tricula defined, and a new genus described." url="http://www.jstor.org/stable/4064915" volume="138" year="1986">Davis et al. 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 429, fig. 3A, 430). That shell is not even a relatively large specimen. Additional shells figured by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B98A229684C951EAE171734B4F62DC6B" author="Davis, GM" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="426 - 442" publicationUrl="http://www.jstor.org/stable/4064915" refId="B3" refString="Davis, GM, Rao, NVS, Hoagland, KE, 1986. In search of Tricula (Gastropoda: Prosobranchia): Tricula defined, and a new genus described. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 138: 426 - 442, http://www.jstor.org/stable/4064915" title="In search of Tricula (Gastropoda: Prosobranchia): Tricula defined, and a new genus described." url="http://www.jstor.org/stable/4064915" volume="138" year="1986">Davis et al. (1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 429, 430, fig. 3F, G, H, K, L) and printed at the same scale, are larger.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="87167A35F956752E3DC4DB2E05E043EA" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
The shells that are known from Bhutan (
|
||
<emphasis id="25CE05CD01E03BD7B2625157B3633D7D" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">N</emphasis>
|
||
= 73) are relatively small, with 5-
|
||
<normalizedToken id="D7FA06389630F366765AFF6F9B8EDCC3" originalValue="5½">51/2</normalizedToken>
|
||
whorls measuring H 2.8-3.6 mm, B 1.3-1.7 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="099545DE4852BC624CAFBD556C24C1DB" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="0BA79229E018E7AB5ED923363061643F" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3A7882EA69E0AC63B9432970FB35563F" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="5CBE3413D7C18536B23BDEC85F751028" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Records of the sympatric Erhaia jannei and E. pelkiae (star), E. wangchuki (triangle), and Tricula montana (dots) in Bhutan." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/402716" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">1</figureCitation>
|
||
). According to Subba Rao (1989: 68) this species occurs in the Indian states of Himachal Pradesh ("Jhiri valley") and Uttarakhand (= Uttaranchal).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DA2FFC7AC9DC09D41C0DC732E1393838" author="Nesemann, H" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Biology and Evolution" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refId="B13" refString="Nesemann, H, Sharma, S, Sharma, G, Khanal, SN, Pradhan, B, Shah, DN, Tachamo, RD, 2007. Class Gastropoda. In: Nesemann H, Sharma S, Sharma G, Khanal SN, Pradhan B, Shah DN, Tachamo RD (Eds) Aquatic Invertebrates of the Ganga River System, Volume 1: Mollusca, Annelida, Crustacea (in part): 57-102." title="Class Gastropoda. In: Nesemann H, Sharma S, Sharma G, Khanal SN, Pradhan B, Shah DN, Tachamo RD (Eds) Aquatic Invertebrates of the Ganga River System, Volume 1: Mollusca, Annelida, Crustacea (in part): 57 - 102." year="2007">Nesemann et al. (2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 62) refers to it as widely distributed in the western and central Himalaya, in Nepal mainly at 1300-2100 m a.s.l. The records for Bhutan, at altitudes of 527-2631 m a.s.l., extend its range eastwards.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D1AEBF26B2AC216272E0470DA6038D5C" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="habitat">
|
||
<paragraph id="A1D8D13CD1A2031B9CE65C45A89FCC53" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Habitat.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0E2E8B2899CE482390C235295934C05A" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
This species was found in Bhutan without accompanying
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5A44028750185DA0A686672DEDDFB70C" authorityName="Davis & Kuo" authorityYear="1985" class="Gastropoda" family="Amnicolidae" genus="Erhaia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Erhaia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="7859000949A3EFC417389D15752EF2C2" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Erhaia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species mostly in densely vegetated, shaded areas with more or less overgrown springs and streamlets (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation id="5D9A0B5D0F7EBF7609D6CD9D39E6E03E" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Records of the sympatric Erhaia jannei and E. pelkiae (star), E. wangchuki (triangle), and Tricula montana (dots) in Bhutan." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/402716" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">1</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="96ACEEB9443642631BD672CB4FC3195A" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 13. Habitat of Tricula montana; Bhutan, district Mongar, Chhuburee, 818 m a. s. l. Photo by JW." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/402720" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">13</figureCitation>
|
||
-
|
||
<figureCitation id="89DAF3F4FD3AFF1AE81090C20C0F4A74" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 15. Habitat of Tricula montana; Bhutan, district Lhuentse, Khardungchhu, 1634 m a. s. l. Photo by JW." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/402722" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">15</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EEBE18CC1B82D1268E6BF6E409110CD9" author="Davis, GM" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="426 - 442" publicationUrl="http://www.jstor.org/stable/4064915" refId="B3" refString="Davis, GM, Rao, NVS, Hoagland, KE, 1986. In search of Tricula (Gastropoda: Prosobranchia): Tricula defined, and a new genus described. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 138: 426 - 442, http://www.jstor.org/stable/4064915" title="In search of Tricula (Gastropoda: Prosobranchia): Tricula defined, and a new genus described." url="http://www.jstor.org/stable/4064915" volume="138" year="1986">Davis et al. (1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 427) describe a similar habitat for the Nainital District near the type locality of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0E51EDA02AA2E23F96509F8535E8C011" lsidName="T. montana" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rank="species" species="montana">
|
||
<emphasis id="2128CBCF6A39C66D2C4946BC9F488B2B" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">T. montana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The locality in the district of Wangdue Phodrang is an overgrown, dripping wet, vertical, rocky wall along the road.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BF21E34FE060D7E954FAAAAB2D40D708" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="31BAFDF594B6A1C4062BD42956A162C6" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" start="start">The</pageBreakToken>
|
||
shells from Mongar, Chhuburee, and from Lhuentse, Jarkangchhu, are all decollate (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="63A70CA8B8CD5AC060DF6F6FEC7D5A96" captionStart="Figures 16, 17" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figures 16, 17. Tricula montana (Benson, 1843), Bhutan 16 District Lhuentse, Khardungchhu, 1634 m a. s. l. (H 3.1 mm) 17 Bhutan, district Mongar, Chhuburee, 818 m a. s. l. (decollate specimen, H 3.0 mm). Photos by J. Goud." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/402723" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">17</figureCitation>
|
||
), whereas shells from the other localities still have their apical whorls present (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="673C513AEE302C45BAA65F872D6A30E2" captionStart="Figures 16, 17" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figures 16, 17. Tricula montana (Benson, 1843), Bhutan 16 District Lhuentse, Khardungchhu, 1634 m a. s. l. (H 3.1 mm) 17 Bhutan, district Mongar, Chhuburee, 818 m a. s. l. (decollate specimen, H 3.0 mm). Photos by J. Goud." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/402723" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">16</figureCitation>
|
||
). This might be a consequence of unknown differences in water quality at those different localities.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="506BB25C9559D6B3BEEF2629AC819EAC" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="dna data">
|
||
<paragraph id="0460D33D604F13BCB760E2A6D4F6D9CC" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">DNA data.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DF8BEDA9514C3CCD3D77F60A650BF3D8" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
Two snails from Chhuburee and two snails from Khardungchhu were sequenced. These specimens shared the same haplotype per population for both 16S rRNA (GenBank acc. nos. MT239080 and MT239079, for Chhuburee and Khardungchhu,) and COI (GenBank acc. nos. MT237718 and MT237717, for Chhuburee and Khardungchhu). The two populations differed genetically by 1.0% and 4.9% for 16S rRNA and COI, respectively. Because the monophyly of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="88050E144E971EBD286FB0A1C6372543" authorityName="Benson" authorityYear="1843" class="Gastropoda" family="Pomatiopsidae" genus="Tricula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tricula" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="90150E3774E60F4F5905310C5E8AD59D" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Tricula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
remains uncertain (see e.g.,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="14BB660F17B0165D5CCB994337E696A6" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-14-29" author="Liu, L" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Biology and Evolution" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refId="B12" refString="Liu, L, Huo, G-N, He, H-B, Zhou, B, Attwood, SW, 2014. A phylogeny for the Pomatiopsidae (Gastropoda: Rissooidea): a resource for taxonomic, parasitological and biodiversity studies. BMC Evolutionary Biology 14: 29. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-14-29" title="A phylogeny for the Pomatiopsidae (Gastropoda: Rissooidea): a resource for taxonomic, parasitological and biodiversity studies. BMC Evolutionary Biology 14: 29." url="https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-14-29" year="2014">Liu et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), we compared these sequences with additional data available from GenBank. For 16S rRNA, the lowest genetic distances, i.e., 3.1% and 3.3%, were identified between snails from Chhuburee and Khardungchhu, respectively, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DF81CC2175A65F620D1C2541DCB212AC" authorityName="Benson" authorityYear="1843" class="Gastropoda" family="Pomatiopsidae" genus="Tricula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tricula" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="353C7448D579E95284740699FAA4DBE0" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Tricula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. from China, Hunan, Xiangxi, Fenghuang (GenBank acc. no. EU311736), and 3.3% and 3.5% between snails from Chhuburee and Khardungchhu, respectively, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7E4EA7641821A18E15CDBF466974EE6C" lsidName="T. ludongbini" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rank="species" species="ludongbini">
|
||
<emphasis id="3D4FF9966F65742934866DDD5D3E2AAF" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">T. ludongbini</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Davis & Y.-H. Guo, 1986 from China, Yunnan, Panlong River, Hei Long Tan (GenBank acc. no. KC832717).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="7608CC58CB5DAE9A5E325DD3D9C8D5CB" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
The genetic distances between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A313B75F0F18C59458E959CF05E4124D" lsidName="T. montana" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rank="species" species="montana">
|
||
<emphasis id="4A5D5B635B04554ED47A22B511CADD8E" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">T. montana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Chhuburee and Khardungchhu were considerably higher for COI, with 8.9% and 9.3%, respectively, between snails
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="5E209EAA0C056EE00E5064DF25F5E439" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" start="start">from</pageBreakToken>
|
||
Chhuburee and Khardungchhu and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8E3413885EE5341B0152B6FE36892189" authorityName="Benson" authorityYear="1843" class="Gastropoda" family="Pomatiopsidae" genus="Tricula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tricula" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="396ECC36D16495419AFF5274AEE42940" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Tricula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. from China, Sichuan, Dayi, Tian Gong Mia, Huang Ba (GenBank acc. no. AF253070), and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8026D18FC066E5509561EFD4FD911841" class="Gastropoda" family="Pomatiopsidae" genus="Tricula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tricula hortensis" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="hortensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="3733E5E4CF8D65A02469FAE8ED2D2631" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Tricula hortensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Attwood & Brown, 2003 from China (GenBank acc. no. JQ082621).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="0451D8B09453A6F68CFB40F109FDE726" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="notes">
|
||
<paragraph id="DBCC16111FB74B123D006AE59AE27379" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Notes.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="67EB8A36C46F5977289328AE3EB95BFF" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
The species was identified conchologically by using the data provided by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B91C12C9FA661E301CDAC20934D9FAB9" author="Benson, WH" journalOrPublisher="Calcutta Journal of Natural History: and Miscellany of the Arts and Sciences in India" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="465 - 468" refId="B1" refString="Benson, WH, 1843. Description of Camptoceras, a new genus of the Lymnaeadae, allied to Ancylus, and of Tricula, a new type of form allied to Melania. Calcutta Journal of Natural History: and Miscellany of the Arts and Sciences in India 3 (12): 465 - 468" title="Description of Camptoceras, a new genus of the Lymnaeadae, allied to Ancylus, and of Tricula, a new type of form allied to Melania." volume="3" year="1843">Benson (1843)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="42895F52542A2856CA3870EC3DADFADA" author="Davis, GM" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="426 - 442" publicationUrl="http://www.jstor.org/stable/4064915" refId="B3" refString="Davis, GM, Rao, NVS, Hoagland, KE, 1986. In search of Tricula (Gastropoda: Prosobranchia): Tricula defined, and a new genus described. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 138: 426 - 442, http://www.jstor.org/stable/4064915" title="In search of Tricula (Gastropoda: Prosobranchia): Tricula defined, and a new genus described." url="http://www.jstor.org/stable/4064915" volume="138" year="1986">Davis et al. (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2B5E259D344549CED9C2BBCB5DEA6B0F" author="Nesemann, H" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Biology and Evolution" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refId="B13" refString="Nesemann, H, Sharma, S, Sharma, G, Khanal, SN, Pradhan, B, Shah, DN, Tachamo, RD, 2007. Class Gastropoda. In: Nesemann H, Sharma S, Sharma G, Khanal SN, Pradhan B, Shah DN, Tachamo RD (Eds) Aquatic Invertebrates of the Ganga River System, Volume 1: Mollusca, Annelida, Crustacea (in part): 57-102." title="Class Gastropoda. In: Nesemann H, Sharma S, Sharma G, Khanal SN, Pradhan B, Shah DN, Tachamo RD (Eds) Aquatic Invertebrates of the Ganga River System, Volume 1: Mollusca, Annelida, Crustacea (in part): 57 - 102." year="2007">Nesemann et al. (2007)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, taking also the distributional data (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="790B8FB0339D3BD250DF8EF97780E711" author="Nesemann, H" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Biology and Evolution" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refId="B13" refString="Nesemann, H, Sharma, S, Sharma, G, Khanal, SN, Pradhan, B, Shah, DN, Tachamo, RD, 2007. Class Gastropoda. In: Nesemann H, Sharma S, Sharma G, Khanal SN, Pradhan B, Shah DN, Tachamo RD (Eds) Aquatic Invertebrates of the Ganga River System, Volume 1: Mollusca, Annelida, Crustacea (in part): 57-102." title="Class Gastropoda. In: Nesemann H, Sharma S, Sharma G, Khanal SN, Pradhan B, Shah DN, Tachamo RD (Eds) Aquatic Invertebrates of the Ganga River System, Volume 1: Mollusca, Annelida, Crustacea (in part): 57 - 102." year="2007">Nesemann et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 62) into account.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FB3D1697F10BDBCABD7309926B24421D" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
Some species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D7C0FC40615BAC06539EC9E6EF883691" authorityName="Benson" authorityYear="1843" class="Gastropoda" family="Pomatiopsidae" genus="Tricula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tricula" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="7F7E716A01C42248D6226A6A28AAEE41" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Tricula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
may transmit schistosomes that could in principle infect humans and other mammals. No data in respect of this are known for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C09D259F238574648369CB6E87F269A3" lsidName="T. montana" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" rank="species" species="montana">
|
||
<emphasis id="E68C88877FE1DE302A7E94234AB4D45B" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">T. montana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DDBF3BA0E5A41CC3E98FBC4B6862331D" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
See
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0F5982599B4632565344DA446F814BC0" author="Davis, GM" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="426 - 442" publicationUrl="http://www.jstor.org/stable/4064915" refId="B3" refString="Davis, GM, Rao, NVS, Hoagland, KE, 1986. In search of Tricula (Gastropoda: Prosobranchia): Tricula defined, and a new genus described. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 138: 426 - 442, http://www.jstor.org/stable/4064915" title="In search of Tricula (Gastropoda: Prosobranchia): Tricula defined, and a new genus described." url="http://www.jstor.org/stable/4064915" volume="138" year="1986">Davis et al. (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
for a detailed account on this species, with data on shell morphology, anatomy of males and females, biogeography, and systematic relationships.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="634A716AC21F2567B19843D8966C874E" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/402721" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" start="Figure 14" startId="F6">
|
||
<paragraph id="5BEE7895735A3F9000771EDE5BEBBFC1" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="FA05B2D470E55CA2E4EA2A631ADC3143" bold="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figure 14.</emphasis>
|
||
Habitat of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="08565FC7F20B8B53FFA2BF52F854B5EA" baseAuthorityName="Benson" baseAuthorityYear="1843" class="Gastropoda" family="Pomatiopsidae" genus="Tricula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tricula montana" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="montana">
|
||
<emphasis id="AA648F6A1B22D9E24049C04B01B3FDF0" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Tricula montana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; Bhutan, district Lhuentse, Jarkangchhu, 1333 m a.s.l. Photo by JW
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="3CBB1DF691E320F3A179C74D78F0B6B5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/402722" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" start="Figure 15" startId="F7">
|
||
<paragraph id="5BE828C9C740B1E5FE4995CE23B78146" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD4A70064AEAAAE42EAAB9669D52ADF9" bold="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figure 15.</emphasis>
|
||
Habitat of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="74C6123D849CD2532F2ABECFAEF0B4B0" baseAuthorityName="Benson" baseAuthorityYear="1843" class="Gastropoda" family="Pomatiopsidae" genus="Tricula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tricula montana" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="montana">
|
||
<emphasis id="41BED0972D9737052DA1B52915FEF7A3" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Tricula montana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; Bhutan, district Lhuentse, Khardungchhu, 1634 m a.s.l. Photo by JW.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="ECC8CC1374D0553F0CC118E39F68541D" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/402723" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" start="Figures 16, 17" startId="F8">
|
||
<paragraph id="41B4FB9E7B389C4F6B6A649FE896E2A8" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="1389E69FA97F1780A4264109EE9279CA" bold="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figures 16, 17.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0AB805989CCCD6F7FC8B4BBBA72DD56E" baseAuthorityName="Benson" baseAuthorityYear="1843" class="Gastropoda" family="Pomatiopsidae" genus="Tricula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tricula montana" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="montana">
|
||
<emphasis id="D9E26F393CFD667E04EFB809E765C592" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Tricula montana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Benson, 1843), Bhutan
|
||
<emphasis id="41B9EDD8596CE3A005F799F30C080BDA" bold="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">16</emphasis>
|
||
District Lhuentse, Khardungchhu, 1634 m a.s.l. (H 3.1 mm)
|
||
<emphasis id="48FC25B7C22CA83089C6B9584EFF882C" bold="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">17</emphasis>
|
||
Bhutan, district Mongar, Chhuburee, 818 m a.s.l. (decollate specimen, H 3.0 mm). Photos by J. Goud.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="9DF5425EE85AEED498D0DC81D91EBA50" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/402724" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" start="Figure 18" startId="F9">
|
||
<paragraph id="E069A3DDC50B3A77DB2700304EDE217D" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="CF5B5F33C9DDAABFACE036BC368C41F6" bold="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figure 18.</emphasis>
|
||
Maximum likelihood tree reconstructed with RAxML BlackBox (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="500478C58D485A75C330AE89691A6C9C" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/10635150802429642" author="Stamatakis, A" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Biology" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="758 - 771" refId="B17" refString="Stamatakis, A, Hoover, P, Rougemont, J, 2008. A rapid bootstrap algorithm for the RAxML web servers. Systematic Biology 57: 758 - 771, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10635150802429642" title="A rapid bootstrap algorithm for the RAxML web servers." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/10635150802429642" volume="57" year="2008">Stamatakis et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; GTR+G substitution model for each partition and 100 bootstrap replicates) based on the 16S rRNA and COI dataset of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B64C7944677FD28895F2B2B12AD52E77" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-14-29" author="Liu, L" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Biology and Evolution" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refId="B12" refString="Liu, L, Huo, G-N, He, H-B, Zhou, B, Attwood, SW, 2014. A phylogeny for the Pomatiopsidae (Gastropoda: Rissooidea): a resource for taxonomic, parasitological and biodiversity studies. BMC Evolutionary Biology 14: 29. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-14-29" title="A phylogeny for the Pomatiopsidae (Gastropoda: Rissooidea): a resource for taxonomic, parasitological and biodiversity studies. BMC Evolutionary Biology 14: 29." url="https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-14-29" year="2014">Liu et al. (2014)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B052DD6F3A4D6641F26F79EBD47C9119" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2008.04.021" author="Guan, F" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="702 - 707" refId="B10" refString="Guan, F, Niu, AO, Attwood, SW, Zhu, YH, 2008. Molecular phylogenetics of triculine snails (Gastropoda: Pomatiopsidae) from southern China. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 48: 702 - 707, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2008.04.021" title="Molecular phylogenetics of triculine snails (Gastropoda: Pomatiopsidae) from southern China." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2008.04.021" volume="48" year="2008">Guan et al. (2008)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, with new data in red. Numbers on branches denote bootstrap values>50.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |