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<document ID-CLB-Dataset="100335" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3fc6193c-cd79-4419-a24e-7c5545e0bd30" ID-PMC="PMC9848802" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1113-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="EB46BF265F2E51B3A83799886C5F084A" ID-PubMed="36762231" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1113-1" checkinTime="1658252710949" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Bribiesca-Contreras, Guadalupe, Dahlgren, Thomas G., Amon, Diva J., Cairns, Stephen, Drennan, Regan, Durden, Jennifer M., Eleaume, Marc P., Hosie, Andrew M., Kremenetskaia, Antonina, McQuaid, Kirsty, O'Hara, Timothy D., Rabone, Muriel, Simon-Lledo, Erik, Smith, Craig R., Watling, Les, Wiklund, Helena &amp; Glover, Adrian G." docDate="2022" docId="0B801D6B36735E0B8261B07B0B18B015" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1113: 1-110" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1113" docPubDate="2022-07-18" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172" docTitle="Porphyrocrinus sp. CCZ _ 165" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" id="EB46BF265F2E51B3A83799886C5F084A" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="EB46BF265F2E51B3A83799886C5F084A" masterDocTitle="Benthic megafauna of the western Clarion-Clipperton Zone, Pacific Ocean" masterLastPageNumber="110" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1732669336981" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="FFC56F37D365566EA1C6229D939BCFC8">Benthic megafauna of the western Clarion-Clipperton Zone, Pacific Ocean</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="6B1837F08C61E557C8C15135E6E59F47">Bribiesca-Contreras, Guadalupe</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="3F93AC473EDBB53F09115B0C0AD4215B" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8163-8724</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="8D8E3C1483C5307BCB3FB95BBE61AC3F">Life Sciences Department, Natural History Museum, London, UK</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="10391D49EC1D0734EB159ED1EAAC6ACD" type="email">l.bribiesca-contreras@nhm.ac.uk</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="5690D63B98F78F0AE9501CB11AC20380">Dahlgren, Thomas G.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="7EB6B3212E73D726FFA26A977BD6D2ED" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6854-2031</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="C65972560A8B6C993694CC0D566D880F">Department of Marine Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden &amp; Norwegian Research Centre, NORCE, Bergen, Norway</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="85DE1C771137E8986A431406A912D16F">Amon, Diva J.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="782E0EFB4B4390CD3C2F727BF54506B6">SpeSeas, D'Abadie, Trinidad and Tobago</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="5738C9CDCDE3477824C37DD9E76D2418">Cairns, Stephen</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="F0ED62FABB163C5E4165CDD8C262DD43" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7209-9271</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="C153BA73C42A7BCCD9907DF0107E4C49">Department of Invertebrate Zoology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D. C., USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="FCE3E2AD3D440F72347537F2FBD12B82">Drennan, Regan</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="32887C0499B546C60BAB31980EAA80CF" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0137-5464</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="AC2CA532E8C4D429A92FC4108FCED502">National Oceanography Centre, Southampton, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="CBEF5112FC3FFF0313693E41FB3A5FB1">Durden, Jennifer M.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="E5A2209ACCE32DE03EC9DE857D173D6F" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6529-9109</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="9F91C54A56F18ABA5FB3B6BBE4434F9E">UMR ISYEB, Department Origines et Evolution, Museum national d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="8FFBE6E90C56DFB87185920223D9E5F5">Eleaume, Marc P.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="E499D06E1BBF791D4428028712BF282A">Collections &amp; Research, Western Australia Museum, Perth, Australia</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="1A54339A6C6FF38E54AFDCA07C34EE0A">Hosie, Andrew M.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="46576FBC17592A5E785C6B30432B52F5" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5683-662X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="8DEC3C2C43EDB40BFC977DA0B3212D0C">Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="6CF091E3FF03FAA16F5E59D7366E46FD">Kremenetskaia, Antonina</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="4C0DB8A3CEE97B8DB78F75788D234EB4" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8851-3318</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="9D651D31B45AD7182BAB6511F97AF4D0">School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="4680AF6294F447BB8BC4EA67DFFB21B9">McQuaid, Kirsty</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="44E2900DAFFE9CB6E5661F5884A91169" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0395-8332</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="68BB9D9B9A9DD15789D3391579F277C3">Museums Victoria, Melbourne, Australia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:name id="4A8B2DBACBFF5559D7818E6FCF0EEA28" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="2079F349C90D96A209839B23CFDA112E">O'Hara, Timothy D.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="EA4AC07B718E5CBA92972E59AC66A411">Department of Oceanography, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="20BCB0E675E5FB307965D164E4ADDAE0">Rabone, Muriel</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="57D0E9A814BDAE824E1E0913AD4B9387" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8351-2313</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="3152490FA540B2FB304E0B75F6EE0FCD">National Oceanography Centre, Southampton, UK</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="674314214274129DB0D6BBB1AC4CE4A7" type="personal">
<mods:role id="39E270ECABC06DBACB5884C3D63AD062">
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="D3AAAB249186AFDEC968DB356424F6AC">Simon-Lledo, Erik</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="117C65E878561D171CF5979A19D98C75">UMR ISYEB, Department Origines et Evolution, Museum national d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="5AE92E0E3787D55CE6E8D7B557B43F21">Smith, Craig R.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="C10448D70E51F105B65FA99E00DEC8A8" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3976-0889</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="B967A0A504DEF5CE3CE8743742407FBB">School of Life Sciences, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="8DE1FE0088A225E50ED3BEE22DC7736B">Watling, Les</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="D93442628D296A6185143BB6F8075FA9" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6901-1168</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="6AD4F3E7AE6C6FFCAABB3AEF2D1616FB">School of Life Sciences, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="386F6A4591D07B2B1D954C4511007086">Wiklund, Helena</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="738353EFE5792642514326F9255EF048" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8252-3504</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="D13B18C80E2A7F07D7244E58DE5CBDCE">Department of Marine Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="0366565C4F2BD0B0A3FB622A151710DB" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="FF71B4C28A07EC7A2759200EFB9AD993">Glover, Adrian G.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="1AC3292BFDEFBC125EE2A15123E55E1C" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9489-074X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="5095097AFAD8BF9FAF8F364CA6D25F1D">National Oceanography Centre, Southampton, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="ABC1232A024ACA69CC9B1F70849584C0">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="1B55186F903EA024274EEC71FCFE504E">
<mods:title id="A1F67520BE4E78AA27E91E0B19D5FD46">ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="A5F5D7F0544E0256029FA4437AE07CCA">
<mods:date id="8421EAAB1EF054F7709A983E36268EB6">2022</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="7273DFF5B3BA679FBF7694294BE1BF82" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="CAC9FE05F53926F9EA4859E2AA0CFE74">2022-07-18</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="B9F568D0E69567AE3EA01E1CCE567157">1113</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="629A9F5CF35B910381439C3046FDAA36">1</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="EC80EF69B91E492E5D102B3FCA68973E">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="A0B04C5515C6127D7FFD573148DEEFEF" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="96DEEA08C5B882B5D5C5D152FBC2BC26" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1113-1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="0B801D6B36735E0B8261B07B0B18B015" ID-GBIF-Taxon="197823870" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0B801D6B36735E0B8261B07B0B18B015" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0B801D6B36735E0B8261B07B0B18B015" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" scope_class="Polychaeta" scope_family="Aphroditidae" scope_order="Phyllodocida" scope_phylum="Annelida" scope_subOrder="Aphroditiformia">
<subSubSection id="24C8E94F114D62CFED81DBA113120EDF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="551F78726F4346277ABBC74AE269998D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
cf.
<taxonomicName id="6CE328E437CB3468F95889BACE707F45" LSID="0B801D6B-3673-5E0B-8261-B07B0B18B015" authority="sp. CCZ _ 165" authorityName="sp. CCZ _ 165" class="Anthozoa" family="Phrynocrinidae" genus="Porphyrocrinus" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Porphyrocrinus" order="Comatulida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">Porphyrocrinus sp. CCZ_165</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="53FE9FC2C0CF022BB3F6458231F5FE90" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph id="81C2EFE7D2C597CB9555F51DA565C174" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<figureCitation id="F22A3871695715C4833F0E2A6EDD8AEA" captionStart="Figure 29" captionStartId="F29" captionText="Figure 29. cf. Porphyrocrinus sp. CCZ _ 165 A in situ image B xenomorph stalk attached to a polymetallic nodule C detached crown before preservation. Scale bars: 1 cm (A). Image attribution: Durden and Smith (A); Wiklund, Durden, Drennan, and McQuaid (B, C)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172.figure29" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/716355" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fig. 29</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5DEF2955AA0496BE6CCEED968EC000C7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="F4B0CE5483F67E0A212E5ADF34BEF8EA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Material.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F5438C96EC8D6FAA0370AEC44AB77E2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<materialsCitation id="D11AC50CAB22F9C8BB40D4315F74C683" accessionNumber="ON400718, ON406616" collectingDate="2018-06-06" collectorName="Smith, Durden, GenBank, Voucher" elevation="5002" latitude="6.9879" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-149.9327" specimenCount="1">
Clarion-Clipperton Zone •
<specimenCount id="FA3AB32E4E44D6DCF242B2F21475C8EA" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
; APEI 4;
<geoCoordinate id="8B1AC9B912019D1B73AB4622ECB754DF" degrees="6.9879" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="6.9879">6.9879°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="61FF96D52DAB0592F86A83B0AE7029D1" degrees="149.9327" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-149.9327">149.9327°W</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity id="A56AC34C2FBD30D448453519096B9CB3" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.002" unit="m" value="5002.0">
<elevation id="972BCF4A49AADFB5C59597E822BD8B4D" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.002" unit="m" value="5002.0">5002 m</elevation>
</quantity>
deep;
<collectingDate id="82568F4F2D04B998F425714F4F1CD19C" value="2018-06-06">06 Jun. 2018</collectingDate>
;
<collectorName id="AEFB7F0C6BF9285515E667E4959967B8">Smith</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="C9172687793D79B674711D7E958F25DE">Durden</collectorName>
leg.;
<collectorName id="86BEA716D97D0E3D7D8004369EF7CF95">GenBank</collectorName>
:
<accessionNumber id="DBAC04182630D9A6DB68BD12F47300E1" httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nucleotide/ON400718">ON400718</accessionNumber>
(COI),
<accessionNumber id="1D21990E9C82664ACCDCEC1B423B4E6C" httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nucleotide/ON406616">ON406616</accessionNumber>
(16S); NHMUK 2022.76;
<collectorName id="50BC0E8B8070DF3B253F2001802E31E7">Voucher</collectorName>
code: CCZ_165
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0AD689B2C1B24D87CC2B868B1E49C0E0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph id="B7387374FB76E3A2BDB770D4EC66CEA7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4EE1F5073FC72046A9FB4C893CBF160A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Single specimen, attached to a nodule by a xenomorphic stalk (Fig.
<figureCitation id="FA3FFC34418F3FA54608D613BD59CB91" captionStart="Figure 29" captionStartId="F29" captionText="Figure 29. cf. Porphyrocrinus sp. CCZ _ 165 A in situ image B xenomorph stalk attached to a polymetallic nodule C detached crown before preservation. Scale bars: 1 cm (A). Image attribution: Durden and Smith (A); Wiklund, Durden, Drennan, and McQuaid (B, C)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172.figure29" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/716355" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">29A</figureCitation>
). Crown (Fig.
<figureCitation id="912B81FFD48179244A66E6EB5798EF77" captionStart="Figure 29" captionStartId="F29" captionText="Figure 29. cf. Porphyrocrinus sp. CCZ _ 165 A in situ image B xenomorph stalk attached to a polymetallic nodule C detached crown before preservation. Scale bars: 1 cm (A). Image attribution: Durden and Smith (A); Wiklund, Durden, Drennan, and McQuaid (B, C)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172.figure29" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/716355" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">29C</figureCitation>
) detached from stalk (Fig, 29B); L = 32 mm, composed of a crown and short proximal part of stalk. Proximal stalk composed of 5 very thin discoidal columnals up to 0.54 mm in diameter. Basal circlet truncated conical with distal diameter 0.54 mm and adoral diameter 0.78 mm; basals five, pentagonal in shape, with sunken lateral edges. Marked angle (~ 120°) between basals and radials. Radials five, pentagonal in shape; distal diameter 1.48 mm. Crown has five undivided arms. IBr1 are in close apposition with thin lateral flanges. Brachial formula 1+2 3+4 5+6 7+8 8+9 etc. First pinnule at IBr6; following pinnules every second ossicle; P1 has eight segments 4.04 mm in length; P2 is similar with eight pinnulars and 4.9 mm in length; P1 and P2 display lateral discoidal plates along ambulacral groove.
</paragraph>
<caption id="374FA06E62FE1E1D9C01D64EE117E103" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172.figure29" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/716355" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 29" startId="F29">
<paragraph id="C33EEBBAFE5D7264297B17DFB6D63177" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="5822E9F972A71887DF1CC900F81515C8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 29.</emphasis>
cf.
<taxonomicName id="EE15CC157DDED1D759B47DCF2C40E767" class="Anthozoa" family="Phrynocrinidae" genus="Porphyrocrinus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Porphyrocrinus" order="Antipatharia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="897BF5A46973496398EDA14E13EF16A2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Porphyrocrinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. CCZ_165
<emphasis id="5BAF8DEA6839E57ADEDD6CA4BBB8A280" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
in situ image
<emphasis id="2E163C087252FA7184B6667A67617D20" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
xenomorph stalk attached to a polymetallic nodule
<emphasis id="EDB5FC97A37CA8D415F54B8F2B5ECD2C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
detached crown before preservation. Scale bars:1 cm (
<emphasis id="06EFAE74CA1368DAE7CA495B4BB65AD6" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
). Image attribution: Durden and Smith (
<emphasis id="2B6B5B0F977D9A03EBDD44480EC53E0D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
); Wiklund, Durden, Drennan, and McQuaid (
<emphasis id="A488058432B930161D5F0775AE81B3B4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B, C</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="977B89AACF565F0B28881777325BEDBF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="82D63141F82B646115CDBF754BC822D0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BA7779BE1C4E1A9CD36FC82AE286543A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Morphological characters are concordant with those of the family
<taxonomicName id="8C13A153742119F87142E89BB9067B8B" class="Crinoidea" family="Phrynocrinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Millericrinida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Phrynocrinidae</taxonomicName>
and the genus
<taxonomicName id="4ECF0A4F0AF08BBAF982E1507771ED6D" class="Anthozoa" family="Phrynocrinidae" genus="Porphyrocrinus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Porphyrocrinus" order="Antipatharia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FDFF8F775502DA37ECC69D83610F36A1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Porphyrocrinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as understood by
<bibRefCitation id="172F8EFABC0A341D9C60CB352E3C4F73" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4147.1.1" author="Messing, CG" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 35" refId="B66" refString="Messing, CG, 2016. Porphyrocrinus daniellalevyae n. sp. (Echinodermata: Crinoidea), a sea lily from the tropical western Atlantic with a unique crown pattern. Zootaxa 4147 (1): 1 - 35, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4147.1.1" title="Porphyrocrinus daniellalevyae n. sp. (Echinodermata: Crinoidea), a sea lily from the tropical western Atlantic with a unique crown pattern." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4147.1.1" volume="4147" year="2016">Messing (2016)</bibRefCitation>
. This is the first record of the genus in the Eastern Pacific. Only two specimens have been previously recorded from similar depths but collected from the Eastern Atlantic and attributed to
<taxonomicName id="CF5220FAB3DE727DBED2B6CDDE6C6DBA" authorityName="Gislen" authorityYear="1933" baseAuthorityName="Gislen" baseAuthorityYear="1933" class="Anthozoa" family="Phrynocrinidae" genus="Porphyrocrinus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Porphyrocrinus incrassatus" order="Antipatharia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="incrassatus">Porphyrocrinus cf. incrassatus</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="817B5BD368D7F33986EA87FF9B715D4D" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3425.1.1" author="Eleaume, M" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 22" refId="B25" refString="Eleaume, M, Bohn, J-M, Roux, M, Ameziane, N, 2012. Stalked crinoids (Echinodermata) collected by the R/V Polarstern and Meteor in the south Atlantic and in Antarctica. Zootaxa 3425 (1): 1 - 22, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3425.1.1" title="Stalked crinoids (Echinodermata) collected by the R / V Polarstern and Meteor in the south Atlantic and in Antarctica." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3425.1.1" volume="3425" year="2012">
<normalizedToken id="9725C3AE150CEB57DA2A02C5DEF33093" originalValue="Eléaume">Eleaume</normalizedToken>
et al. 2012
</bibRefCitation>
). In the phylogenetic tree the specimen is recovered in a monophyletic clade with other sequences from members of the family (Fig.
<figureCitation id="65F1B19F76920A3554034962B80ED754" captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="F28" captionText="Figure 28. Rooted Bayesian phylogeny of Crinoidea. Concatenated (16 S, 18 S, 28 S, COI, and CytB) median consensus BEAST tree with posterior probability (PP) and bootstrap (BS) values indicated. Only values of PP&gt; 0.70 and BS&gt; 50 are shown, with values of PP&gt; 0.95 and BS&gt; 90 indicated with a circle. Nodes not recovered on the RAxML tree are indicated with a hyphen. Sequences generated in this study are highlighted in violet." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172.figure28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/716354" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">28</figureCitation>
) and represents a new species. Based on genetic divergence of the COI gene (0.5% K2P), the specimen found in the eastern CCZ (
<taxonomicName id="7F832334A5BE150F073966F9F56B3E9D" class="Crinoidea" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="class">Crinoidea</taxonomicName>
sp. NHM_055;
<bibRefCitation id="82EA5D9A3A6714155E84A5B5348C662B" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e7251" author="Glover, AG" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Marine Science and Engineering" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B33" refString="Glover, AG, Wiklund, H, Rabone, M, Amon, DJ, Smith, CR, O'Hara, T, Mah, CL, Dahlgren, TG, 2016b. Abyssal fauna of the UK-1 polymetallic nodule exploration claim, Clarion-Clipperton Zone, central Pacific Ocean: Echinodermata. Biodiversity Data Journal 4: e7251. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e7251" title="Abyssal fauna of the UK- 1 polymetallic nodule exploration claim, Clarion-Clipperton Zone, central Pacific Ocean: Echinodermata. Biodiversity Data Journal 4: e 7251." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e7251" year="2016 b">Glover et al. 2016b</bibRefCitation>
) belongs to the same species. However, the specimen in
<bibRefCitation id="D0FBC7524C50A56695FD66ABCE514C0A" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e7251" author="Glover, AG" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Marine Science and Engineering" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B33" refString="Glover, AG, Wiklund, H, Rabone, M, Amon, DJ, Smith, CR, O'Hara, T, Mah, CL, Dahlgren, TG, 2016b. Abyssal fauna of the UK-1 polymetallic nodule exploration claim, Clarion-Clipperton Zone, central Pacific Ocean: Echinodermata. Biodiversity Data Journal 4: e7251. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e7251" title="Abyssal fauna of the UK- 1 polymetallic nodule exploration claim, Clarion-Clipperton Zone, central Pacific Ocean: Echinodermata. Biodiversity Data Journal 4: e 7251." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e7251" year="2016 b">Glover et al. (2016b)</bibRefCitation>
was not identified to family level or lower taxonomic level due to its early developmental stage, lacking key diagnostic morphological features.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="78E5527D346286DD0E192A53570C96E3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="ecology">
<paragraph id="5A8B21D4ADB149E13F66A7EA70A40E70" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5AC915ECDFED5B24C829DC11A82C5BA6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">The specimen was found attached to a nodule in the abyssal sediments of APEI 4 at 5001 m depth.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="214719331BEF09C5444164982EBA9514" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="comparisons">
<paragraph id="79FC45AB369EB8417ABF66F80D37F1DE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Comparison with image-based catalogue.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AACAC43B483885877F5CAE75AFD253E1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
No similar
<taxonomicName id="E2F591DC8D3F82A34F127F4BD0F14377" class="Anthozoa" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Comatulida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="order">Comatulida</taxonomicName>
morphotypes have been catalogued so far from seabed imagery in the eastern CCZ or in abyssal areas of the Kiribati EEZ. Consequently, the in situ image of CCZ_065 was catalogued as a new morphotype (i.e.,
<taxonomicName id="587A89D75D3E2E3540C73C8510FF33FF" class="Anthozoa" family="Phrynocrinidae" genus="Porphyrocrinus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Porphyrocrinus" order="Antipatharia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C451FA27B5E411855A231DB47283913C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Porphyrocrinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. indet., CRI_008). Note however, that the in situ image of CCZ_065 was collected from an oblique angle and zoomed-in camera, generating a detailed view of a specimen that, owing to its small size, would be otherwise difficult to identify in quantitative assessments, e.g., where images are usually collected vertically-facing, fully zoomed out, and at a higher altitude above the seabed.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="355FDDCABDC926BE3B44441F4EFF3A2B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="847591DB19C780A028B36421AB54EFC2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Superfamily
<taxonomicName id="5E3384C7DC30208B08335F6A26B936C8" class="Anthozoa" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Antipatharia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="superFamily" superFamily="Antedonoidea">Antedonoidea</taxonomicName>
Norman, 1865
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A745794B99AEF33E5673B12E29753A63" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="8882A127C406E57936695FBEB8836FAE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Family
<taxonomicName id="4B76F34284AFBC95610C93C67C3A2C36" class="Crinoidea" family="Antedonidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Comatulida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Antedonidae</taxonomicName>
Norman, 1865
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="921976F0C95BB5BD3D804C711F142884" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="BB8E5DCC7998C7271FED3200270CE21A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Subfamily
<taxonomicName id="F56E9AC9A6DD41479FF261DAD04E7DE0" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Bathymetrinae">Bathymetrinae</taxonomicName>
AH Clark, 1909
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="16AC4D61FE5DA2C2321AEEEA709BCA5E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="E62C2EE518B0D233DCA65563DCB5675D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="0CA3A456D0A810FEDA198ADE0D3EF999" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Bathymetrinae">Bathymetrinae</taxonomicName>
inc. CCZ_176
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D9EE7D3CBF9413E48E109F9AF51A24AF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Fig.
<figureCitation id="33E11DD61BCF9FDCE1DAEB7C81BB286B" captionStart="Figure 30" captionStartId="F30" captionText="Figure 30. Bathymetrinae inc. CCZ _ 176 A side view of adult specimen. Specimen CCZ _ 186 B pentacrinoid stage attached to a glass sponge stalk C pentacrinoid stage. Scale bars: 5 mm (A); 1 mm (B); 0.5 mm (C). Image attribution: Wiklund, Durden, Drennan, and McQuaid (A, B); Bribiesca-Contreras 2019 (C)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172.figure30" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/716356" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">30</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="17BA7994E8115F07919F474E7DBD9513" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="0027B42CA9B2AB9A1A6365E1EA7BA12B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Material.</emphasis>
Clarion-Clipperton Zone • 1 adult specimen; APEI 4;
<geoCoordinate id="D746A8B5DA1AF70C7D892FB9F43EA0D2" degrees="6.9879" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="6.9879">6.9879°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="59602CE6CDFAC8577DEA7F116A0DB18B" degrees="149.9326" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-149.9326">149.9326°W</geoCoordinate>
; 5009 m deep; 06 Jun. 2018; Smith &amp; Durden leg.; GenBank: ON400719 (COI), ON406617 (16S); NHMUK 2022.77; Voucher code: CCZ_176. • 1 specimen pentacrinoid stage; APEI 1;
<geoCoordinate id="9C6343C118D25CD48AF8E4F327BA2761" degrees="11.2751" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="11.2751">11.2751°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="700FF8AC5D304238C6BD107CD4DDFC16" degrees="153.7444" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-153.7444">153.7444°W</geoCoordinate>
; 5241 m deep; 09 Jun. 2018; Smith &amp; Durden leg.; GenBank: ON400723 (COI), ON406618 (16S); NHMUK 2022.60; Voucher code: CCZ_186.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="532A230D3277C61E96EB163FBECEAA84" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="E73413E4FBB629A9D3A066723C45D799" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</emphasis>
Two specimens, one adult (CCZ_176; Fig.
<figureCitation id="19283093DE5D371C99FAC777745CAA2B" captionStart="Figure 30" captionStartId="F30" captionText="Figure 30. Bathymetrinae inc. CCZ _ 176 A side view of adult specimen. Specimen CCZ _ 186 B pentacrinoid stage attached to a glass sponge stalk C pentacrinoid stage. Scale bars: 5 mm (A); 1 mm (B); 0.5 mm (C). Image attribution: Wiklund, Durden, Drennan, and McQuaid (A, B); Bribiesca-Contreras 2019 (C)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172.figure30" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/716356" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">30A, B</figureCitation>
) and one pentacrinoid stage (CCZ_186; Fig.
<figureCitation id="594A72E8F2C9321675B7A515CC11742D" captionStart="Figure 30" captionStartId="F30" captionText="Figure 30. Bathymetrinae inc. CCZ _ 176 A side view of adult specimen. Specimen CCZ _ 186 B pentacrinoid stage attached to a glass sponge stalk C pentacrinoid stage. Scale bars: 5 mm (A); 1 mm (B); 0.5 mm (C). Image attribution: Wiklund, Durden, Drennan, and McQuaid (A, B); Bribiesca-Contreras 2019 (C)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172.figure30" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/716356" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">30C, D</figureCitation>
), both whitish when alive and attached to a glass sponge stalk. Adult with 10 arms; centrodorsal low conical. Cirri ~ 17, length 7.5 mm; c1 W&gt; L; c2 W = L; c3 longest L = 0.95 mm, W at centre of ossicle = 0,25, W distal = 0,45; following cirrals decreasing in length to c8 or c9; c3 to c17 with everted distal edge; c8 to c14 with a spine on distal edge; c17 slightly longer than wide; claw same length as c17; opposing spine small. No basal visible. Radial 5, visible, extending beyond the rim of centrodorsal. First brachitaxis of two ossicles well separated laterally. Ibr1 rectangular slightly incised by Ibr2; Ibr2 axillery, losangic. Subsequent brachials very long; syzygies at 3+4, 9+10. First pinnule P1 on br2, 14 segments very thin and slender, composed of very long segments starting at p3 with L &lt;6
<normalizedToken id="5F926197D221FF41B03B9819A004DE55" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
W. In pentacrinoid stage, five arms are visible, with orals, and stalk.
</paragraph>
<caption id="8E1FABE79F02FCE29E87873B345D701C" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172.figure30" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/716356" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 30" startId="F30">
<paragraph id="F5FAA75BC8E347F19EFE9DB0EEB02E42" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="B39D27531C5244AD6CCDF4F6DC98A7AF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 30.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="EE155DC09A6FC7FEC6263BE0DB1EDE59" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Bathymetrinae">Bathymetrinae</taxonomicName>
inc. CCZ_176
<emphasis id="A1179A7C8FB56513AB7E23E9D5618DA9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
side view of adult specimen. Specimen CCZ_186
<emphasis id="BD2B3E6609D57E54236C9FF4CA927F9F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
pentacrinoid stage attached to a glass sponge stalk
<emphasis id="8E1D78C4EEC450B8BBD25F1FCB53A508" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
pentacrinoid stage. Scale bars: 5 mm (
<emphasis id="91F6936B14F1813E7BC9E98BDE8B6588" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
); 1 mm (
<emphasis id="75BE24D284C93EC9B2A0CCF23EC76370" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
); 0.5 mm (
<emphasis id="89BA099E2826B9012B057FAE3C2E7764" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
). Image attribution: Wiklund, Durden, Drennan, and McQuaid (
<emphasis id="14D159F22C4FACE82ED6F9F6B92CA409" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A, B</emphasis>
); Bribiesca-Contreras 2019 (
<emphasis id="CE82657D2B89F85C60CF8D675D678525" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="7C2D6D770A954C133A54B32BA5FC07B9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="CBACC7F0F592C1C0ACFE814C2D1F8B1C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</emphasis>
Morphological characters are concordant with those of the subfamily
<taxonomicName id="0A7054410F1C527400CA380CDE96E518" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Bathymetrinae">Bathymetrinae</taxonomicName>
in the family
<taxonomicName id="B4E74BC3AA5E064032E544562C965FC9" class="Crinoidea" family="Antedonidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Comatulida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Antedonidae</taxonomicName>
. The closest match (2.7% K2P) to the COI sequences is a sequence of
<taxonomicName id="E9001C1A1FE9A6ABAE9AC29376806D18" baseAuthorityName="AH Clark" baseAuthorityYear="1907" class="Crinoidea" family="Zenometridae" genus="Psathyrometra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Psathyrometra fragilis" order="Comatulida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="fragilis">
<emphasis id="8C820F8CF0C812C7D2D56AA2479A483B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Psathyrometra fragilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(AH Clark, 1907) from Rodriguez Seamount (1887 m; SIO-BIC E4433), within the family
<taxonomicName id="FB530189B38A2A0DD0CFDEA124040529" class="Crinoidea" family="Zenometridae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Comatulida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Zenometridae</taxonomicName>
. However, in the phylogenetic analysis the specimens were recovered in a different clade from
<taxonomicName id="717C1680ECB503583F8811F0A8BACC00" class="Crinoidea" family="Zenometridae" genus="Psathyrometra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Psathyrometra" order="Comatulida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="784FA27395C6A45441EC519ECB0C018B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Psathyrometra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
spp. (Fig.
<figureCitation id="E2AF32A156D8D895B81A135222C2FD8B" captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="F28" captionText="Figure 28. Rooted Bayesian phylogeny of Crinoidea. Concatenated (16 S, 18 S, 28 S, COI, and CytB) median consensus BEAST tree with posterior probability (PP) and bootstrap (BS) values indicated. Only values of PP&gt; 0.70 and BS&gt; 50 are shown, with values of PP&gt; 0.95 and BS&gt; 90 indicated with a circle. Nodes not recovered on the RAxML tree are indicated with a hyphen. Sequences generated in this study are highlighted in violet." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172.figure28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/716354" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">28</figureCitation>
), but in a well-supported clade with two species (
<taxonomicName id="41EFB294FE5DECF568E3090A604BC9A6" class="Crinoidea" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="class">Crinoidea</taxonomicName>
sp. NHM_056,
<taxonomicName id="E215625D2D6CBE8F0AE4443FDE1B18FD" class="Crinoidea" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="class">Crinoidea</taxonomicName>
sp. NHM_300) from the eastern CCZ (
<bibRefCitation id="CAB41DC064F40E72ABED7229C70CC91C" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e7251" author="Glover, AG" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Marine Science and Engineering" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B33" refString="Glover, AG, Wiklund, H, Rabone, M, Amon, DJ, Smith, CR, O'Hara, T, Mah, CL, Dahlgren, TG, 2016b. Abyssal fauna of the UK-1 polymetallic nodule exploration claim, Clarion-Clipperton Zone, central Pacific Ocean: Echinodermata. Biodiversity Data Journal 4: e7251. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e7251" title="Abyssal fauna of the UK- 1 polymetallic nodule exploration claim, Clarion-Clipperton Zone, central Pacific Ocean: Echinodermata. Biodiversity Data Journal 4: e 7251." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e7251" year="2016 b">Glover et al. 2016b</bibRefCitation>
). The two species previously recorded in the eastern CCZ were delimited only from genetic sequences, as they seem to be early pentacrinoid stages and thus lack morphological characters for identification. However, based on the genetic divergence values with the species
<taxonomicName id="F93429D13C4A446EEAF7F3447DF23944" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Bathymetrinae">Bathymetrinae</taxonomicName>
inc. CCZ_176 (~ 10% K2P), the two eastern CCZ species are most likely members of the subfamily
<taxonomicName id="95941B7A93A66619B68AB219E2F9BFDE" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Bathymetrinae">Bathymetrinae</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2488E373C88D57AF76CB8CD16DF02EF4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="33828C4F90F88399341C8F1D18EA5385" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ecology.</emphasis>
The adult specimen was found attached to a glass sponge stalk (Fig.
<figureCitation id="B45321691C7C08F31ED28067877715B2" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Metridioidea stet. CCZ _ 164 A in situ image of specimen CCZ _ 164 B detail of oral disc C lateral view of specimen. Scale bars: 2 cm (A); 2 mm (B); 5 mm (C). Image attribution: Durden and Smith (A), Wiklund, Durden, Drennan, and McQuaid (B, C)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/716337" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11A</figureCitation>
), along with an anemone, in abyssal sediments of APEI 4 at 5001 m depth. After careful examination of the material in the laboratory, a pentacrinoid stage was found attached to a sponge stalk (Figs
<figureCitation id="842383ED6F0E06A48A023EC0225D8726" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Catherinum cf. albatrossianum (Pilsbry, 1907). Specimen CCZ _ 073: A left B right lateral views. Scale bars: 2 mm. Image attribution: Hosie (A, B)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/716332" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">6A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="A03574D2258BC59822C2FCBC3E8A330F" captionStart="Figure 30" captionStartId="F30" captionText="Figure 30. Bathymetrinae inc. CCZ _ 176 A side view of adult specimen. Specimen CCZ _ 186 B pentacrinoid stage attached to a glass sponge stalk C pentacrinoid stage. Scale bars: 5 mm (A); 1 mm (B); 0.5 mm (C). Image attribution: Wiklund, Durden, Drennan, and McQuaid (A, B); Bribiesca-Contreras 2019 (C)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172.figure30" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/716356" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">30B</figureCitation>
), along with the cirriped
<taxonomicName id="6CAD6A50D229874874115AF681D540E4" baseAuthorityName="Hoek" baseAuthorityYear="1883" class="Echinoidea" family="Scalpellidae" genus="Catherinum" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Catherinum novaezelandiae" order="Aspidodiadematoida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="novaezelandiae">Catherinum cf. novaezelandiae</taxonomicName>
(specimen CCZ_185) and the anemone
<taxonomicName id="37225708C68A51950ADB4C8B8F552326" authorityName="Zevina" authorityYear="1978" class="Echinoidea" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Aspidodiadematoida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="superFamily" superFamily="Metridioidea">Metridioidea</taxonomicName>
stet. CCZ_164, in abyssal sediments of APEI 1 at 5241 m depth.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="79380AE025A583D32565ADD3E8EA08D2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="E96EE330E41FBDDEDE92B4D6D4612369" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Comparison with image-based catalogue.</emphasis>
A very similar
<taxonomicName id="63E1779605A0A94809E61060DE35F283" authorityName="Zevina" authorityYear="1978" class="Echinoidea" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Comatulida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="order">Comatulida</taxonomicName>
morphotype (i.e.,
<taxonomicName id="656F8C662277977E463C67A74C30B182" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Bathymetrinae">Bathymetrinae</taxonomicName>
gen. indet., CRI_001) has been commonly encountered in seabed image surveys conducted across the eastern CCZ, both in nodule fields and in seamount areas (
<bibRefCitation id="267C2A82DBD97DFE5A17E332D0548DF5" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.5.e11794" author="Amon, DJ" journalOrPublisher="Scientific Reports" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B6" refString="Amon, DJ, Ziegler, AF, Kremenetskaia, A, Mah, CL, Mooi, R, O'Hara, T, Pawson, DL, Roux, M, Smith, CR, 2017b. Megafauna of the UKSRL exploration contract area and eastern Clarion-Clipperton Zone in the Pacific Ocean: Echinodermata. Biodiversity Data Journal 11794: e11794. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.5.e11794" title="Megafauna of the UKSRL exploration contract area and eastern Clarion-Clipperton Zone in the Pacific Ocean: Echinodermata. Biodiversity Data Journal 11794: e 11794." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.5.e11794" year="2017 b">Amon et al. 2017b</bibRefCitation>
). In contrast, CRI_001 was not encountered in image surveys conducted within abyssal areas of the Kiribati EEZ, where the presence of Crinoids was substantially lower than at the eastern CCZ (e.g., only nine specimens representing three morphotypes encountered in ~ 15,000 m2 of seabed surveyed;
<bibRefCitation id="A22633960DAEF1F4E8E50BB955CE46E3" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00605" author="Simon-Lledo, E" journalOrPublisher="Limnology and Oceanography" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B87" refString="Simon-Lledo, E, Thompson, S, Yool, A, Flynn, A, Pomee, C, Parianos, J, Jones, DOB, 2019d. Preliminary Observations of the Abyssal Megafauna of Kiribati. Frontiers in Marine Science 605: e605. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00605" title="Preliminary Observations of the Abyssal Megafauna of Kiribati. Frontiers in Marine Science 605: e 605." url="https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00605" year="2019 d">
<normalizedToken id="A98B3D82510CE962171B00B2E8C04741" originalValue="Simon-Lledó">Simon-Lledo</normalizedToken>
et al. 2019d
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EA58366635FB5A061AB395B92600040E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="F8036EC17E04EEF07C5AFEC0F9DE5B25" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Class
<taxonomicName id="2F94E9AFEA98086AC3ED610BE34F5D94" authorityName="Zevina" authorityYear="1978" class="Echinoidea" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="class">Echinoidea</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BD988E7DFF24C692B3ABDFAF5A6608D5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
To date, there are 1455 records of echinoids occurring deeper than 3000 m in the CCZ, 11 of these representing preserved specimens (
<bibRefCitation id="FC02120BC26081C54103172EBE6477EF" author="O'Loughlin, PM" journalOrPublisher="Part II, Topical Studies in Oceanography" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B75" refString="OBIS (2022) Ocean Biodiversity Information System. Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO." year="2011">OBIS 2022</bibRefCitation>
). Two specimens belonging to different species were collected. Sequences for the barcoding gene COI were successfully amplified for both specimens and included in a COI-only phylogenetic tree.
</paragraph>
<caption id="1DFE3DDF58B2782A1A58421834E9FB78" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172.figure31" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/716357" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 31" startId="F31">
<paragraph id="8C530D4E953C339A0C964552A42FCDFD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="32FAF66CEA4322A3BD286EF5199043CA" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 31.</emphasis>
Phylogenetic tree of
<taxonomicName id="E68CC5CB0CD155634B95E497D735861D" authorityName="Zevina" authorityYear="1978" class="Echinoidea" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="class">Echinoidea</taxonomicName>
. COI-only median consensus BEAST tree with posterior probability (PP) and bootstrap (BS) values indicated. Only values of PP&gt; 0.70 and BS&gt; 50 are shown, with values of PP&gt; 0.95 and BS&gt; 90 indicated with a circle. Nodes not recovered on the RAxML tree are indicated with a hyphen. Sequences generated in this study are highlighted in violet.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="6AF390B7AF7EDCEB4780C801AB106BFB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="7366B08E819844D8EAE1884F6EF06555" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Subclass
<taxonomicName id="626E3FC2FE1FEFFBB115D00010CB12F6" authorityName="Zevina" authorityYear="1978" class="Echinoidea" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="subClass" subClass="Euechinoidea">Euechinoidea</taxonomicName>
Bronn, 1860
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AC1636D69CF1D5B8061A0ECC8A639D35" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="B8DE0546CADB64ADB9E3566DAD6E1437" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Infraclass
<taxonomicName id="5E57313F46F218F55889A1AADFA55F7A" authorityName="Zevina" authorityYear="1978" class="Echinoidea" infraClass="Audolonta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="infraClass">Audolonta</taxonomicName>
Jackson, 1912
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="ED096B45087EACA673CDEEB3C43BE460" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="0F78097731C4F33E0724657C388C506B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Superoder
<taxonomicName id="330DA9D0999D47F00AD11CDC64B27D83" authorityName="Zevina" authorityYear="1978" class="Echinoidea" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="superOrder" superOrder="Echinothuriacea">Echinothuriacea</taxonomicName>
Jensen, 1982
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6C86A9062D0B2AE0CBE9DF417F75A381" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="1B5585ED7F95FD07FB234FB52A92EF09" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Order
<taxonomicName id="6EA9BAF748EBBCC67784ECB8EEB9A5EA" authorityName="Zevina" authorityYear="1978" class="Echinoidea" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Aspidodiadematoida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="order">Aspidodiadematoida</taxonomicName>
Kroh &amp; Smith, 2010
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA169F487E38B53056BFBCA5C85D6C0B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="639D7FD95FA794ABCA7E1AF357BAAF25" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Family
<taxonomicName id="C4D3DCDD13E3C08FAEC3620F78C247A5" authorityName="Duncan" authorityYear="1889" class="Echinoidea" family="Aspidodiadematidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Aspidodiadematoida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Aspidodiadematidae</taxonomicName>
Duncan, 1889
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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