125 lines
16 KiB
XML
125 lines
16 KiB
XML
<document id="8B197ECB5D236091A5F17EB2B94DC123" ID-CLB-Dataset="31608" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4344.2.11" ID-GBIF-Dataset="eadc6621-31b2-41a1-b248-8bb38bd75d09" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1042988" ID-ZooBank="B1B682B2-C9F1-4CF9-B57F-CA45B1F87B46" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1510040820721" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Wagner, Daniel & Shuler, Andrew" docDate="2017" docId="03EEED386A3EFFB56ECB9CE2B7C644FB" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4344.2.11.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4344 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Stichopathes Brook 1889" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="372" masterDocId="FFD795406A3BFFB06E5C994DB7734319" masterDocTitle="The black coral fauna (Cnidaria: Antipatharia) of Bermuda with new records" masterLastPageNumber="379" masterPageNumber="367" pageNumber="372" updateTime="1698480813510" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="7D82066E3A83C23B5760D8D90B3BA4EA">The black coral fauna (Cnidaria: Antipatharia) of Bermuda with new records</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="57B507D830CF2A25AC3B75CDE4A287B7">Wagner, Daniel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D77937E1003CDB531DD5EAACF84397AB">Shuler, Andrew</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="F99B30141453A733EF2AA29F7102499D">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="4F9671A7868EB9C52814A4D0B2A28B97">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="737E5EC839A21BBEDF142D456E201006">4344</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03EEED386A3EFFB56ECB9CE2B7C644FB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6035228" ID-GBIF-Taxon="137252748" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6035228" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EEED386A3EFFB56ECB9CE2B7C644FB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EEED386A3EFFB56ECB9CE2B7C644FB" lastPageNumber="372" pageId="5" pageNumber="372">
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<heading id="D0B0EB426A3EFFB56ECB9CE2B62846D0" bold="true" box="[151,347,1455,1481]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="372" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B933803C6A3EFFB56ECB9CE2B62846D0" bold="true" box="[151,347,1455,1481]" pageId="5" pageNumber="372">
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<taxonomicName id="4C4727AD6A3EFFB56ECB9CE2B64246D0" ID-CoL="7Q2ZD" authorityName="Brook" authorityYear="1889" box="[151,305,1455,1481]" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Stichopathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="5" pageNumber="372" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B933803C6A3EFFB56ECB9CE2B64246D0" bold="true" box="[151,305,1455,1481]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="372">Stichopathes</emphasis>
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sp.
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C35D0FA56A3EFFB56ECB9CB8B7C644FB" pageId="5" pageNumber="372" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BF85C2E6A3EFFB56ECB9CB8B7C644FB" blockId="5.[151,1437,1525,2018]" pageId="5" pageNumber="372">
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<taxonomicName id="4C4727AD6A3EFFB56ECB9CB8B6564517" ID-CoL="7Q2ZD" authorityName="Brook" authorityYear="1889" box="[151,293,1525,1550]" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Stichopathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="5" pageNumber="372" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B933803C6A3EFFB56ECB9CB8B6564517" box="[151,293,1525,1550]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="372">Stichopathes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. forms unbranched colonies that are up to
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<quantity id="4CBFF1CB6A3EFFB56D429CBBB43B4517" box="[798,840,1526,1550]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="372" unit="m" value="1.0">1 m</quantity>
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in height or more and coiled distally (
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<figureCitation id="137C40AB6A3EFFB56AB29CB8B22E4517" box="[1262,1373,1525,1550]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1325,1347]" captionTargetBox="[203,1373,195,1299]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[203,1382,195,1299]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Stichopathes sp. from Bermuda showing (a) preserved specimen (scale bar = 2 cm), (b) polyps on terminal branch under light microscopy (scale bar = 2 mm), (c) skeletal spines on terminal branch under SEM (scale bar = 200 µm), and (d) close-up of polypar spine under SEM (scale bar = 50 µm)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1042996/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="372">Figure 4a</figureCitation>
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). The skeletal spines are subcylindrical and covered with distinct tubercles towards their distal third (
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<figureCitation id="137C40AB6A3EFFB56AA29F54B2E3452B" box="[1278,1424,1561,1586]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1325,1347]" captionTargetBox="[203,1373,195,1299]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[203,1382,195,1299]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Stichopathes sp. from Bermuda showing (a) preserved specimen (scale bar = 2 cm), (b) polyps on terminal branch under light microscopy (scale bar = 2 mm), (c) skeletal spines on terminal branch under SEM (scale bar = 200 µm), and (d) close-up of polypar spine under SEM (scale bar = 50 µm)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1042996/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="372">Figure 4d–e</figureCitation>
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). Polypar spines are generally 190–300 µm in height, whereas abpolypar spines are only 150–240 µm in height (
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<figureCitation id="137C40AB6A3EFFB56EC29F2CB65E4563" box="[158,301,1633,1658]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1325,1347]" captionTargetBox="[203,1373,195,1299]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[203,1382,195,1299]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Stichopathes sp. from Bermuda showing (a) preserved specimen (scale bar = 2 cm), (b) polyps on terminal branch under light microscopy (scale bar = 2 mm), (c) skeletal spines on terminal branch under SEM (scale bar = 200 µm), and (d) close-up of polypar spine under SEM (scale bar = 50 µm)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1042996/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="372">Figure 4d–e</figureCitation>
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). Skeletal spines are arranged in axial rows with adjoining rows offset in a spiral pattern around the corallum (
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<figureCitation id="137C40AB6A3EFFB56F509FC8B6F24587" box="[268,385,1669,1694]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1325,1347]" captionTargetBox="[203,1373,195,1299]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[203,1382,195,1299]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Stichopathes sp. from Bermuda showing (a) preserved specimen (scale bar = 2 cm), (b) polyps on terminal branch under light microscopy (scale bar = 2 mm), (c) skeletal spines on terminal branch under SEM (scale bar = 200 µm), and (d) close-up of polypar spine under SEM (scale bar = 50 µm)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1042996/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="372">Figure 4d</figureCitation>
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). Spine spacing is fairly even within each row, and typically ranges between 400–575 µm (
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<figureCitation id="137C40AB6A3EFFB56EC29FE4B66245DB" box="[158,273,1705,1730]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1325,1347]" captionTargetBox="[203,1373,195,1299]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[203,1382,195,1299]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Stichopathes sp. from Bermuda showing (a) preserved specimen (scale bar = 2 cm), (b) polyps on terminal branch under light microscopy (scale bar = 2 mm), (c) skeletal spines on terminal branch under SEM (scale bar = 200 µm), and (d) close-up of polypar spine under SEM (scale bar = 50 µm)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1042996/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="372">Figure 4d</figureCitation>
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). The polyps are up 1.0–
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<quantity id="4CBFF1CB6A3EFFB56C709FE4B5F245D8" box="[556,641,1705,1730]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="372" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
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in transverse diameter, and spaced 1.0–
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<quantity id="4CBFF1CB6A3EFFB56A1A9FE7B3EF45D8" box="[1094,1180,1706,1730]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="5" pageNumber="372" unit="mm" value="1.7">1.7 mm</quantity>
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apart (
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<figureCitation id="137C40AB6A3EFFB56AB79FE4B22F45DB" box="[1259,1372,1705,1730]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1325,1347]" captionTargetBox="[203,1373,195,1299]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[203,1382,195,1299]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Stichopathes sp. from Bermuda showing (a) preserved specimen (scale bar = 2 cm), (b) polyps on terminal branch under light microscopy (scale bar = 2 mm), (c) skeletal spines on terminal branch under SEM (scale bar = 200 µm), and (d) close-up of polypar spine under SEM (scale bar = 50 µm)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1042996/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="372">Figure 4c</figureCitation>
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). The coloration of living colonies was unfortunately not documented as part of this study. As noted earlier, the morphology of the spines of this species resembles a
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<typeStatus id="54FCE28C6A3EFFB56CBB9FBFB44D4413" box="[743,830,1778,1802]" pageId="5" pageNumber="372" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
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of
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<taxonomicName id="4C4727AD6A3EFFB56D3E9FBFB4834413" ID-CoL="52J4F" authorityName="Brook" authorityYear="1889" box="[866,1008,1777,1802]" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Stichopathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="5" pageNumber="372" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pourtalesi">
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<emphasis id="B933803C6A3EFFB56D3E9FBFB4834413" box="[866,1008,1777,1802]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="372">S. pourtalesi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(MCZ 90362), which was collected at
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<quantity id="4CBFF1CB6A3EFFB56ECB9E5BB7AC4437" box="[151,223,1814,1838]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.32" pageId="5" pageNumber="372" unit="m" value="232.0">232 m</quantity>
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off
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<collectingCountry id="F3501CBE6A3EFFB56F529E58B63F4437" box="[270,332,1813,1838]" name="Cuba" pageId="5" pageNumber="372">Cuba</collectingCountry>
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, and recently reassigned to an undescribed species within the genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C4727AD6A3EFFB56A0D9E58B7A8444B" ID-CoL="7Q2ZD" authority="(Bo & Opresko, 2015)" baseAuthorityName="Bo & Opresko" baseAuthorityYear="2015" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Stichopathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="5" pageNumber="372" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B933803C6A3EFFB56A0D9E58B3AC4437" box="[1105,1247,1813,1838]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="372">Stichopathes</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD621DF6A3EFFB56AB39E5BB7A7444B" author="Bo" pageId="5" pageNumber="372" refString="Bo, M. & Opresko, D. M. (2015) Redescription of Stichopathes pourtalesi Brook, 1889 (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Antipatharia: Antipathidae). Brevoria, 540, 1 - 18. https: // doi. org / 10.3099 / MCZ 16.1" type="journal article" year="2015">Bo & Opresko, 2015</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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. This reassignment was a result of the realization that the
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<typeStatus id="54FCE28C6A3EFFB56DCD9E77B4B2444B" box="[913,961,1850,1874]" pageId="5" pageNumber="372">type</typeStatus>
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series of
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<taxonomicName id="4C4727AD6A3EFFB56A659E77B3B8444B" ID-CoL="52J4F" authorityName="Brook" authorityYear="1889" box="[1081,1227,1849,1874]" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Stichopathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="5" pageNumber="372" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pourtalesi">
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<emphasis id="B933803C6A3EFFB56A659E77B3B8444B" box="[1081,1227,1849,1874]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="372">S. pourtalesi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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contains multiple species (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD621DF6A3EFFB56EA19E13B68C446F" author="Bo" box="[253,511,1885,1910]" pageId="5" pageNumber="372" refString="Bo, M. & Opresko, D. M. (2015) Redescription of Stichopathes pourtalesi Brook, 1889 (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Antipatharia: Antipathidae). Brevoria, 540, 1 - 18. https: // doi. org / 10.3099 / MCZ 16.1" type="journal article" year="2015">Bo & Opresko, 2015</bibRefCitation>
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). Future studies will need to be undertaken in order to define the diagnostic characters of
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<taxonomicName id="4C4727AD6A3EFFB56F739ECCB6CE4483" ID-CoL="7Q2ZD" baseAuthorityName="Bo & Opresko" baseAuthorityYear="2015" box="[303,445,1921,1946]" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Stichopathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="5" pageNumber="372" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B933803C6A3EFFB56F739ECCB6CE4483" box="[303,445,1921,1946]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="372">Stichopathes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp., as well as to document its biogeographical distribution.
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<taxonomicName id="4C4727AD6A3EFFB56A369ECCB38B4483" ID-CoL="7Q2ZD" baseAuthorityName="Bo & Opresko" baseAuthorityYear="2015" box="[1130,1272,1921,1946]" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Stichopathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="5" pageNumber="372" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B933803C6A3EFFB56A369ECCB38B4483" box="[1130,1272,1921,1946]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="372">Stichopathes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. specimens examined as part of this study were collected from Bermudan waters at depths ranging between
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<quantity id="4CBFF1CB6A3EFFB56A939EEBB23D44A7" box="[1231,1358,1958,1982]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.915" metricValueMax="3.04" metricValueMin="2.79" pageId="5" pageNumber="372" unit="m" value="291.5" valueMax="304.0" valueMin="279.0">279–304 m</quantity>
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(
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<tableCitation id="C6C569956A3EFFB56B009EE8B7D744FB" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,239,440,463]" captionText="TABLE 1. Black coral specimens examined as part of this study (BAMZ = Bermuda Aquarium, Museum and Zoo; NR = not reported; * = new record for Bermuda)." pageId="5" pageNumber="372">Table 1</tableCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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||
</document> |