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<mods:title id="369F514A18A48D787ABC426EAF92982B">Dead mans fingers point to new taxa: two new genera of New Zealand soft corals (Anthozoa, Octocorallia) and a revision of Alcyonium aurantiacum Quoy &amp; Gaimard, 1833</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="5DDFF7526F03FF673F0B9889F9DB9BE2">Kessel, Gustav M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="ABE6F1344D735FF14190843BCCF57E04">Alderslade, Philip</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="6065301739B6820078E2C2B8508C3C3A">Oceans and Atmosphere, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="EC0389AACAEF53CF5415C5A7E8071729">Bilewitch, Jaret P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="9F2A840D6A87904F610CC1E536E168FF">National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research Ltd., Wellington, Aotearoa-New Zealand.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="AA678A6398A18982A0FDE234A7794254" type="email">jaret.bilewitch@niwa.co.nz</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="4F1F130FA82407F993890159F1382038">Schnabel, Kareen E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B3818EF32F0390E0A698601FFB58FAC8">Norman, Jerry</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="40E3B206A07146A649AAFE20E6CECB66">Ngāti Kurī, Tira Me Te Wā, Aotearoa-New Zealand.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="6B9806C18FF9D90109DC1804FCBA3AF7">Ngāti Kurī, Tira Me Te Wā, Aotearoa-New Zealand. &amp; Te Wānanga o Aotearoa, Te Ringa Mauī / Ngāti Kurī / Te Ngaki, Aotearoa-New Zealand.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="8A58DE7DF722716A3D223A7E9CEF2DC8">Gardner, Jonathan P. A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="7D460137D117D4A9EC2E4834282A8004">Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, Aotearoa-New Zealand.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="23088A4068D01E5A0F4D1A61C3052F06">2022</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03C18705B50A5C59D3BD2014C944FA6C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7084541" ID-GBIF-Taxon="200635686" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7084541" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:B76BD43C-D5C4-4B63-B304-14294AF62E37" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C18705B50A5C59D3BD2014C944FA6C" lastPageId="50" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
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<paragraph id="8BD73613B50A5C5AD3BD2014CB95F8CE" blockId="49.[404,1259,1884,1948]" box="[716,948,1884,1911]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<heading id="D09F817FB50A5C5AD3BD2014CB95F8CE" box="[716,948,1884,1911]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C684D90B50A5C5AD3BD2014CB60F8CE" authority="Kessel &amp; Alderslade &amp; Bilewitch &amp; Schnabel &amp; Norman &amp; Potts &amp; Gardner, 2022" authorityName="Kessel &amp; Alderslade &amp; Bilewitch &amp; Schnabel &amp; Norman &amp; Potts &amp; Gardner" authorityYear="2022" box="[716,833,1884,1911]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Ushanaia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B50A5C5AD3BD2014CB60F8CE" bold="true" box="[716,833,1884,1911]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Ushanaia</emphasis>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22F577AB50A5C5AD2382015CB95F8CE" box="[841,948,1885,1911]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<heading id="D09F817FB50A5C5AD192208CC95CF867" bold="true" box="[227,381,1988,2014]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B50A5C5AD192208CC95CF867" bold="true" box="[227,381,1988,2014]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<typeStatus id="54D388B1B50A5C5AD192208CC901F867" box="[227,288,1988,2014]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Type</typeStatus>
species
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD73613B50A5C5AD19220BCCB17F7B7" blockId="49.[227,822,2036,2063]" box="[227,822,2036,2063]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<taxonomicName id="4C684D90B50A5C5AD19220BCC990F7B7" authority="Kessel &amp; Alderslade &amp; Bilewitch &amp; Schnabel &amp; Norman &amp; Potts &amp; Gardner, 2022" authorityName="Kessel &amp; Alderslade &amp; Bilewitch &amp; Schnabel &amp; Norman &amp; Potts &amp; Gardner" authorityYear="2022" box="[227,433,2036,2062]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Ushanaia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="fervens" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B50A5C5AD19220BCC990F7B7" box="[227,433,2036,2062]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Ushanaia fervens</emphasis>
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, here designated.
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<heading id="D09F817FB5095C59D1922666C97DFEF1" bold="true" box="[227,348,302,328]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B5095C59D1922666C97DFEF1" bold="true" box="[227,348,302,328]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="8BD73613B5095C59D1922616CD5AFD21" blockId="50.[226,1438,350,665]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Azooxanthellate soft corals with a predominantly encrusting growth form, although fleshy, lobe-like processes can also occur. Polyps monomorphic, fully retractile. True calyces absent, although retracted polyps may form low, rounded, mound-like protuberances of varying prominence depending on state of colony expansion. Anthocodial sclerites arranged as collaret and points, composed of tuberculate to warty spindles; points may contain thorny clubs distally. Tentacles contain irregular, warty, scale-like forms. Polyp neck contains tuberculate to warty rod- and spindle-like forms. Polyp mounds contain warty rod- and spindle-like forms, radiates and occasional club-like forms. Surface and interior similar in sclerite composition, containing mostly warty rod- and spindle-like forms, eight-radiate capstans and their derivatives; clubs can also be present in the surface. Sclerites pale to dark orange or colourless.</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C3726598B5095C59D1922589CB10FCB3" box="[227,817,705,778]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="etymology">
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<heading id="D09F817FB5095C59D1922589C94BFD62" bold="true" box="[227,362,705,731]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B5095C59D1922589C94BFD62" bold="true" box="[227,362,705,731]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Etymology</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD73613B5095C59D19225B8CB10FCB3" blockId="50.[227,817,752,778]" box="[227,817,752,778]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">The genus is named after the first authors partner.</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C3726598B5095C59D192247AC944FA6C" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BD73613B5095C59D192247AC9A8FCF5" blockId="50.[227,393,818,844]" box="[227,393,818,844]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<heading id="D09F817FB5095C59D192247AC9A8FCF5" bold="true" box="[227,393,818,844]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B5095C59D192247AC9A8FCF5" bold="true" box="[227,393,818,844]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Comparisons</emphasis>
</heading>
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<paragraph id="8BD73613B5095C59D192242ACACCFBED" blockId="50.[226,1438,866,1109]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
As is the case for
<taxonomicName id="4C684D90B5095C59D0B0242ACA3FFCC2" authority="Kessel &amp; Alderslade &amp; Bilewitch &amp; Schnabel &amp; Norman &amp; Potts &amp; Gardner, 2022" authorityName="Kessel &amp; Alderslade &amp; Bilewitch &amp; Schnabel &amp; Norman &amp; Potts &amp; Gardner" authorityYear="2022" box="[449,542,866,891]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Kotatea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B5095C59D0B0242ACA3FFCC2" box="[449,542,866,891]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Kotatea</emphasis>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22F577AB5095C59D356242ACAB4FCC5" box="[551,661,866,892]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(see comparisons for that genus), compared to
<taxonomicName id="4C684D90B5095C59D5A4242ACD49FCC5" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[1237,1384,866,892]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Alcyonium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="digitatum">
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B5095C59D5A4242ACD49FCC5" box="[1237,1384,866,892]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">A. digitatum</emphasis>
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and
<taxonomicName id="4C684D90B5095C59D19224CEC941FC19" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[227,352,902,928]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Alcyonium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B5095C59D19224CEC941FC19" box="[227,352,902,928]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Alcyonium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22F577AB5095C59D01824CECA21FC19" box="[361,512,902,928]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" sensu="stricto">sensu stricto</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C684D90B5095C59D37E24CECAA0FC19" authority="Kessel &amp; Alderslade &amp; Bilewitch &amp; Schnabel &amp; Norman &amp; Potts &amp; Gardner, 2022" authorityName="Kessel &amp; Alderslade &amp; Bilewitch &amp; Schnabel &amp; Norman &amp; Potts &amp; Gardner" authorityYear="2022" box="[527,641,902,928]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Ushanaia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B5095C59D37E24CECAA0FC19" box="[527,641,902,928]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Ushanaia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22F577AB5095C59D3F824CECAD4FC19" box="[649,757,902,928]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
has far stronger collaret and points and a greater variety of surface sclerites, including clubs and well-developed radiates (see
<bibRefCitation id="EFF94BE2B5095C59D55124E2CCE8FC7C" author="Hickson S. J." box="[1056,1225,938,965]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="343 - 388" refId="ref35294" refString="Hickson S. J. 1895. The anatomy of Alcyonium digitatum. Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science 37: 343 - 388. https: // doi. org / 10.1242 / jcs. s 2 - 37.148.343" type="journal article" year="1895">Hickson 1895</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFF94BE2B5095C59D5A724E2CDB8FC7D" author="Verseveldt J." box="[1238,1433,938,964]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="209 - 216" refId="ref38647" refString="Verseveldt J. 1973. On the validity of Alcyonium siderium Verrill (Coelenterata: Octocorallia). Zoologische Mededelingen 46 (16): 209 - 216." type="journal article" year="1973">Verseveldt 1973</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFF94BE2B5095C59D1952486CA7BFC51" author="Stokvis F. R. &amp; van Ofwegen L. P." box="[228,602,974,1000]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="165 - 183" refId="ref38161" refString="Stokvis F. R. &amp; van Ofwegen L. P. 2006. New and redescribed encrusting species of Alcyonium from the Atlantic Ocean (Octocorallia: Alcyonacea: Alcyoniidae). Zoologische Mededelingen 80 (4): 165 - 183." type="journal article" year="2006">Stokvis &amp; van Ofwegen 2006</bibRefCitation>
). Compared to
<taxonomicName id="4C684D90B5095C59D26C2486CCEAFC51" authority="Wright &amp; Studer, 1889" authorityName="Wright &amp; Studer" authorityYear="1889" box="[797,1227,974,1000]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Alcyonium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="haddoni">
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B5095C59D26C2486CB82FC51" box="[797,931,974,1000]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">A. haddoni</emphasis>
Wright &amp; Studer, 1889
</taxonomicName>
and other South American nominal
<taxonomicName id="4C684D90B5095C59D0B724BACA82FBB5" box="[454,675,1010,1036]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B5095C59D0B724BACA62FBB5" box="[454,579,1010,1036]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Alcyonium</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C684D90B5095C59D3DE24BACB00FBB5" authorityName="Kessel &amp; Alderslade &amp; Bilewitch &amp; Schnabel &amp; Norman &amp; Potts &amp; Gardner" authorityYear="2022" box="[687,801,1010,1036]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Ushanaia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B5095C59D3DE24BACB00FBB5" box="[687,801,1010,1036]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Ushanaia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
possesses a much more prominent radiate component among its surface and interior sclerites and does not have calyces (see
<bibRefCitation id="EFF94BE2B5095C59D567235ECDB9FB89" author="Verseveldt J. &amp; van Ofwegen L. P." box="[1046,1432,1046,1073]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="155 - 181" refId="ref38732" refString="Verseveldt J. &amp; van Ofwegen L. P. 1992. New and redescribed species of Alcyonium Linnaeus, 1758 (Anthozoa: Alcyonacea). Zoologische Mededelingen 66 (7): 155 - 181." type="journal article" year="1992">Verseveldt &amp; van Ofwegen 1992</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFF94BE2B5095C59D1932372C98EFBED" author="Casas C. &amp; Ramil F. &amp; van Ofwegen L. P." box="[226,431,1082,1108]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="299 - 311" refId="ref33970" refString="Casas C., Ramil F. &amp; van Ofwegen L. P. 1997. Octocorallia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) from the Scotia Arc, South Atlantic Ocean. I. The genus Alcyonium Linnaeus, 1758. Zoologische Mededelingen 71: 299 - 311." type="journal article" year="1997">
Casas
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B5095C59D05E2373C948FBED" box="[303,361,1082,1108]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">et al.</emphasis>
1997
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFF94BE2B5095C59D0CA2373CAC0FBED" author="van Ofwegen L. P. &amp; Haussermann V. &amp; Forsterra G." box="[443,737,1082,1109]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 19" refId="ref38510" refString="van Ofwegen L. P., Haussermann V. &amp; Forsterra G. 2007. The genus Alcyonium (Octocorallia: Alcyonacea: Alcyoniidae) in Chile. Zootaxa 1607 (1): 1 - 19. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1607.1.1" type="journal article" year="2007">
van Ofwegen
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B5095C59D32E2373CABBFBED" box="[607,666,1082,1108]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">et al.</emphasis>
2007
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD73613B5095C59D1922334CA15FABA" blockId="50.[227,1436,1148,1283]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
Unlike
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B5095C59D04D2335C9B8FB2F" box="[316,409,1149,1174]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Kotatea</emphasis>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22F577AB5095C59D0D22335CA32FB2E" box="[419,531,1149,1175]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C684D90B5095C59D3522334CAB4FB2F" authority="Kessel &amp; Alderslade &amp; Bilewitch &amp; Schnabel &amp; Norman &amp; Potts &amp; Gardner, 2022" authorityName="Kessel &amp; Alderslade &amp; Bilewitch &amp; Schnabel &amp; Norman &amp; Potts &amp; Gardner" authorityYear="2022" box="[547,661,1148,1174]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Ushanaia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B5095C59D3522334CAB4FB2F" box="[547,661,1148,1174]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Ushanaia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22F577AB5095C59D3ED2335CB2BFB2E" box="[668,778,1149,1175]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
forms encrusting colonies. Additionally,
<taxonomicName id="4C684D90B5095C59D58D2334CD4FFB2F" authorityName="Kessel &amp; Alderslade &amp; Bilewitch &amp; Schnabel &amp; Norman &amp; Potts &amp; Gardner" authorityYear="2022" box="[1276,1390,1148,1174]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Ushanaia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B5095C59D58D2334CD4FFB2F" box="[1276,1390,1148,1174]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Ushanaia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has collaret spindles that tend to be larger than those found in
<taxonomicName id="4C684D90B5095C59D2FC23E9CBCBFB03" authorityName="Kessel &amp; Alderslade &amp; Bilewitch &amp; Schnabel &amp; Norman &amp; Potts &amp; Gardner" authorityYear="2022" box="[909,1002,1185,1210]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Kotatea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B5095C59D2FC23E9CBCBFB03" box="[909,1002,1185,1210]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Kotatea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and lacks the clear presence of welldeveloped clubs in the polyp mounds and the marked difference between surface and interior sclerites that are observed in
<taxonomicName id="4C684D90B5095C59D0A023A1CA0FFABB" authorityName="Kessel &amp; Alderslade &amp; Bilewitch &amp; Schnabel &amp; Norman &amp; Potts &amp; Gardner" authorityYear="2022" box="[465,558,1257,1282]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Kotatea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B5095C59D0A023A1CA0FFABB" box="[465,558,1257,1282]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Kotatea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD73613B5095C59D1922263C944FA6C" blockId="50.[227,1436,1323,1493]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
The genus
<taxonomicName id="4C684D90B5095C59D0182264CC08FAFC" authority="van Ofwegen, Haussermann &amp; Forsterra, 2006" authorityName="van Ofwegen, Haussermann &amp; Forsterra" authorityYear="2006" box="[361,1065,1323,1349]" class="Anthozoa" family="Clavulariidae" genus="Incrustatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B5095C59D0182264C9CCFAFC" box="[361,493,1324,1349]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Incrustatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF94BE2B5095C59D0862263CC08FAFC" author="van Ofwegen L. P. &amp; Haussermann V. &amp; Forsterra G." box="[503,1065,1323,1349]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="47 - 57" refId="ref38456" refString="van Ofwegen L. P., Haussermann V. &amp; Forsterra G. 2006. A new genus of soft coral (Octocorallia: Alcyonacea: Clavulariidae) from Chile. Zootaxa 1219 (1): 47 - 57. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1219.1.2" type="journal article" year="2006">van Ofwegen, Häussermann &amp; Försterra, 2006</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C684D90B5095C59D54A2263CDB5FAFC" authority="Hickson, 1894" authorityName="Hickson" authorityYear="1894" box="[1083,1428,1323,1349]" class="Anthozoa" family="Clavulariidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="family">Clavulariidae Hickson, 1894</taxonomicName>
) is found in a similar habitat in southern South American fjords and superficially resembles
<taxonomicName id="4C684D90B5095C59D45B2207CDBDFAD0" authority="Kessel &amp; Alderslade &amp; Bilewitch &amp; Schnabel &amp; Norman &amp; Potts &amp; Gardner, 2022" authorityName="Kessel &amp; Alderslade &amp; Bilewitch &amp; Schnabel &amp; Norman &amp; Potts &amp; Gardner" authorityYear="2022" box="[1322,1436,1359,1385]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Ushanaia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B5095C59D45B2207CDBDFAD0" box="[1322,1436,1359,1385]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Ushanaia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22F577AB5095C59D192223CC970FA37" box="[227,337,1396,1422]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
in its encrusting habit, but differs markedly in having no or very few polyp sclerites (
<bibRefCitation id="EFF94BE2B5095C59D401223BC9F8FA08" author="van Ofwegen L. P. &amp; Haussermann V. &amp; Forsterra G." pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="47 - 57" refId="ref38456" refString="van Ofwegen L. P., Haussermann V. &amp; Forsterra G. 2006. A new genus of soft coral (Octocorallia: Alcyonacea: Clavulariidae) from Chile. Zootaxa 1219 (1): 47 - 57. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1219.1.2" type="journal article" year="2006">
van Ofwegen
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B5095C59D02622D0C9B3FA08" box="[343,402,1431,1457]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">et al.</emphasis>
2006
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFF94BE2B5095C59D09722DFCBA0FA08" author="McFadden C. S. &amp; van Ofwegen L. P." box="[486,897,1431,1458]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="137 - 147" refId="ref36032" refString="McFadden C. S. &amp; van Ofwegen L. P. 2013 b. A second, cryptic species of the soft coral genus Incrustatus (Anthozoa: Octocorallia: Clavulariidae) from Tierra del Fuego, Argentina, revealed by DNA barcoding. Helgoland Marine Research 67: 137 - 147. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10152 - 012 - 0310 - 7" type="journal article" year="2013">McFadden &amp; Van Ofwegen 2013b</bibRefCitation>
), whereas
<taxonomicName id="4C684D90B5095C59D57122DFCC53FA08" authorityName="Kessel &amp; Alderslade &amp; Bilewitch &amp; Schnabel &amp; Norman &amp; Potts &amp; Gardner" authorityYear="2022" box="[1024,1138,1431,1457]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Ushanaia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91CEA01B5095C59D57122DFCC53FA08" box="[1024,1138,1431,1457]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Ushanaia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
possesses strong collaret and points.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>