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<document ID-DOI="10.12782/specdiv.27.301" ID-ISSN="2189-7301" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7522728" ID-ZooBank="DE06A95A-7DC2-41BA-B94B-2E8DDA5FBE86" approvalRequired="1" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="1" checkinTime="1673382127269" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Olesen, JØrgen &amp; Grygier, Mark J." docDate="2022" docId="03A987D3FFDA6908B9B6761E7A05FB3A" docLanguage="en" docName="SpeciesDiversity.27.2.301-317.pdf" docOrigin="Species Diversity 27 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.12782/specdiv.27.301" docStyle="DocumentStyle:27FECD2C3CD153DA405029F2D33C9514.6:SpeciesDiversity.2012-.journal_article" docStyleId="27FECD2C3CD153DA405029F2D33C9514" docStyleName="SpeciesDiversity.2012-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="6" docTitle="Hansenocaris aquila Grygier and Olesen 2022, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="308" masterDocId="FF90FFABFFDC690FB96770607F18FF94" masterDocTitle="Two New Species of Lecithotrophic Nauplius y with Remarkable Labra from Okinawa, Japan, and a Family-Group Name for y-Larvae (Crustacea: Thecostraca: Facetotecta: Hansenocarididae fam. nov.)" masterLastPageNumber="317" masterPageNumber="301" pageNumber="307" updateTime="1673964585526" updateUser="juliana" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Two New Species of Lecithotrophic Nauplius y with Remarkable Labra from Okinawa, Japan, and a Family-Group Name for y-Larvae (Crustacea: Thecostraca: Facetotecta: Hansenocarididae fam. nov.)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Olesen, JØrgen</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, DK- 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark E-mail: jolesen @ snm. ku. dk &amp; Corresponding author</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">jolesen@snm.ku.dk</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Grygier, Mark J.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Center of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202301, Taiwan (R. O. C.) &amp; National Museum of Marine Biology &amp; Aquarium, Checheng, Pingtung 944401, Taiwan (R. O. C.)</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Species Diversity</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2022-10-13</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>27</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="issue">
<mods:number>2</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>301</mods:start>
<mods:end>317</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.12782/specdiv.27.301</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.12782/specdiv.27.301</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ISSN">2189-7301</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">7522728</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">DE06A95A-7DC2-41BA-B94B-2E8DDA5FBE86</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A987D3FFDA6908B9B6761E7A05FB3A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A987D3FFDA6908B9B6761E7A05FB3A" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="308" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="307" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph blockId="6.[209,715,1662,1751]" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">
<taxonomicName authority="Grygier and Olesen" authorityName="Grygier and Olesen" authorityYear="2022" box="[209,629,1662,1686]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Hansenocarididae" genus="Hansenocaris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="6" pageNumber="307" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aquila" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[209,423,1662,1686]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">Hansenocaris aquila</emphasis>
Grygier and Olesen
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[639,715,1663,1686]" pageId="6" pageNumber="307" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
[New Japanese name: Washi-chou-kou-mushi] (
<figureCitation box="[432,490,1727,1751]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="12.[156,187,1207,1229]" captionTargetBox="[170,1418,206,1168]" captionTargetId="figure-378@12.[169,1419,205,1169]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig. 6. Hansenocaris aquila sp. nov., holotype (NHMD-1174615), light microscopy of exuvium of last-stage nauplius, comprising subsets of full z-stack at different focus levels exported and fused into single images to increase depth of focus. A, habitus, with labrum, ventral side of faciotrunk, and dorsocaudal spine in focus; B, habitus, with dorsum of faciotrunk in focus; C, cephalic shield; D, labrum; E, spine-row of keel on labrum; F, right first antenna; G, left second antenna; H, left mandible; I, posteriolateral corner of cephalic shield showing no notch or spines; J, furcal spines. Abbreviations: ba, basis; co, coxa; en, endopod; ex, exopod; Arabic numerals 15, exopodal segments 15, numbered from proximal to distal; F-1F-4 (red overlay), derivatives of frontal plates 14; O-1O-3 (red overlay), derivatives of occipital plates 13; W, window." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522742" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522742/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="307" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph blockId="6.[156,768,1792,2077]" lastBlockId="6.[820,1438,198,2076]" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[181,293,1792,1816]" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
In last-stage nauplius, labrum wine-glassshaped in ventral view with rounded posteriolateral corners, median keel carrying 34 small spines, and robust, sharply pointed posterior spine reminiscent of eagles beak. Labral surface with characteristic ridge pattern described below. Cephalic shield clearly and completely reticulated. Dorsum of faciotrunk with 4 longitudinal spine rows, inner pair of rows longer than outer pair. Second antennae and mandibles devoid of feeding structures (lecithotrophic), segmentation of their exopods and endopods 6/5 and 1/1, respectively. First maxillae and dorsocaudal organ absent. Dorsocaudal spine nearly as long as trunk dorsum preceding it, armed with robust spines. Furcal spines small.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="307" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph blockId="6.[820,1438,198,2076]" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[846,987,328,352]" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">
<typeStatus box="[846,898,328,352]" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">Type</typeStatus>
locality.
</emphasis>
<materialsCitation country="Japan" county="Sesoko Island" latitude="26.635916" location="Off" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="127.86533" municipality="Sesoko Station" pageId="6" pageNumber="307" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Okinawa" typeStatus="holotype">
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A987D3FFDA6908B9B6761E7A05FB3A:8EDF601EFFDA6909BA9271287B0EFEF4" box="[1013,1046,328,352]" country="Japan" county="Sesoko Island" latitude="26.635916" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="127.86533" municipality="Sesoko Station" name="Off" pageId="6" pageNumber="307" stateProvince="Okinawa">Off</location>
pier at the
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A987D3FFDA6908B9B6761E7A05FB3A:8EDF601EFFDA6909BDE971287BEFFEF4" box="[1166,1271,328,352]" country="Japan" county="Sesoko Island" latitude="26.635916" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="127.86533" municipality="Sesoko Station" name="University" pageId="6" pageNumber="307" stateProvince="Okinawa">University</location>
of the
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A987D3FFDA6908B9B6761E7A05FB3A:8EDF601EFFDA6909BC2671287BA2FE15" country="Japan" county="Sesoko Island" latitude="26.635916" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="127.86533" municipality="Sesoko Station" name="Ryukyus Tropical Biosphere Research Center" pageId="6" pageNumber="307" stateProvince="Okinawa">Ryukyus Tropical Biosphere Research Center</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality box="[1228,1386,361,385]" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">Sesoko Station</collectingMunicipality>
, on
<collectingCounty box="[820,969,393,417]" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">Sesoko Island</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingRegion box="[987,1199,393,417]" country="Japan" name="Okinawa" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">Okinawa Prefecture</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry box="[1217,1273,394,417]" name="Japan" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">Japan</collectingCountry>
(
<geoCoordinate box="[1294,1438,393,417]" degrees="26" direction="north" minutes="38" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="307" precision="1" seconds="09.3" value="26.635916">26°3809.3″N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate box="[820,974,426,450]" degrees="127" direction="east" minutes="51" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="307" precision="1" seconds="55.2" value="127.86533">127°5155.2″E</geoCoordinate>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="6.[820,1438,198,2076]" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[846,1000,458,482]" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">Type material.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2005-09-22" country="Denmark" location="Natural History Museum" pageId="6" pageNumber="307" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus box="[1025,1122,458,482]" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">Holotype</typeStatus>
: exuvium of last-stage nauplius prepared as semi-permanent glycerine jelly slide-mount,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A987D3FFDA6908B9B6761E7A05FB3A:8EDF601EFFDA6909BA53726B7B5AFDB7" box="[820,1090,523,547]" country="Denmark" name="Natural History Museum" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">Natural History Museum</location>
of
<collectingCountry box="[1136,1236,523,547]" name="Denmark" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">Denmark</collectingCountry>
. NHMD-1174615; collected alive as young nauplius on
<date box="[1191,1387,556,580]" pageId="6" pageNumber="307" value="2005-09-22">
<collectingDate box="[1191,1387,556,580]" pageId="6" pageNumber="307" value="2005-09-22">22 September 2005</collectingDate>
</date>
, last stage isolated from batch culture on 25 September, its empty molt retrieved on 27 September
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation country="Denmark" location="Natural History Museum of Demark" pageId="6" pageNumber="307" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus box="[1161,1252,621,645]" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">Paratype</typeStatus>
: exuvium of laststage nauplius prepared as semi-permanent glycerine jelly slide-mount,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A987D3FFDA6908B9B6761E7A05FB3A:8EDF601EFFDA6909BADA72CE7A2DFD52" box="[957,1333,686,710]" country="Denmark" name="Natural History Museum of Demark" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">Natural History Museum of Demark</location>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1996-07-16" collectingDateMax="1996-07-19" collectingDateMin="1996-07-16" country="Denmark" location="July" pageId="6" pageNumber="307" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
NHMD-1174616; collected alive as young nauplius on
<date pageId="6" pageNumber="307" value="1996-07-16" valueMax="1996-07-19" valueMin="1996-07-16">
<collectingDate pageId="6" pageNumber="307" value="1996-07-16" valueMax="1996-07-19" valueMin="1996-07-16">1619 July 1996</collectingDate>
</date>
, final exuvium recovered on 22
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A987D3FFDA6908B9B6761E7A05FB3A:8EDF601EFFDA6909BDD2728F7BC7FC93" box="[1205,1247,751,775]" country="Denmark" name="July" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">July</location>
; unclear which of 2 cyprids mounted on same slide corresponds to this nauplius
</materialsCitation>
. Both type specimens collected and processed by M. J. Grygier.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="307" type="etymology">
<paragraph blockId="6.[820,1438,198,2076]" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[846,965,881,905]" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">Etymology.</emphasis>
The Latin name is a noun in apposition, “
<taxonomicName authorityName="Grygier and Olesen" authorityYear="2022" box="[831,894,914,938]" class="Maxillopoda" genus="Hansenocaris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="6" pageNumber="307" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aquila">
<emphasis box="[831,894,914,938]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">aquila</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
” (=“eagle”), referring to the large, strongly pointed, eagle-beak-like extension of the posterior margin of the labrum. The new Japanese name combines “washi” (Japanese for “eagle,” again referring to the labrum) with an existing Japanese name for
<taxonomicName authorityName="Grygier" authorityYear="1985" box="[1086,1200,1044,1067]" pageId="6" pageNumber="303" rank="subClass" subClass="Facetotecta">Facetotecta</taxonomicName>
(“chou-kou-rui”) plus “mushi,” meaning “bug” or “worm.”
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="308" pageId="6" pageNumber="307" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="6.[820,1438,198,2076]" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[846,1106,1109,1133]" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">
Description (
<typeStatus box="[995,1094,1109,1133]" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">holotype</typeStatus>
).
</emphasis>
A last-stage nauplius larva (
<figureCitation box="[828,887,1141,1165]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="12.[156,187,1207,1229]" captionTargetBox="[170,1418,206,1168]" captionTargetId="figure-378@12.[169,1419,205,1169]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig. 6. Hansenocaris aquila sp. nov., holotype (NHMD-1174615), light microscopy of exuvium of last-stage nauplius, comprising subsets of full z-stack at different focus levels exported and fused into single images to increase depth of focus. A, habitus, with labrum, ventral side of faciotrunk, and dorsocaudal spine in focus; B, habitus, with dorsum of faciotrunk in focus; C, cephalic shield; D, labrum; E, spine-row of keel on labrum; F, right first antenna; G, left second antenna; H, left mandible; I, posteriolateral corner of cephalic shield showing no notch or spines; J, furcal spines. Abbreviations: ba, basis; co, coxa; en, endopod; ex, exopod; Arabic numerals 15, exopodal segments 15, numbered from proximal to distal; F-1F-4 (red overlay), derivatives of frontal plates 14; O-1O-3 (red overlay), derivatives of occipital plates 13; W, window." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522742" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522742/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="6.[820,1438,198,2076]" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">
<emphasis box="[846,924,1174,1198]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">Habitus</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation box="[944,1061,1174,1198]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="12.[156,187,1207,1229]" captionTargetBox="[170,1418,206,1168]" captionTargetId="figure-378@12.[169,1419,205,1169]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig. 6. Hansenocaris aquila sp. nov., holotype (NHMD-1174615), light microscopy of exuvium of last-stage nauplius, comprising subsets of full z-stack at different focus levels exported and fused into single images to increase depth of focus. A, habitus, with labrum, ventral side of faciotrunk, and dorsocaudal spine in focus; B, habitus, with dorsum of faciotrunk in focus; C, cephalic shield; D, labrum; E, spine-row of keel on labrum; F, right first antenna; G, left second antenna; H, left mandible; I, posteriolateral corner of cephalic shield showing no notch or spines; J, furcal spines. Abbreviations: ba, basis; co, coxa; en, endopod; ex, exopod; Arabic numerals 15, exopodal segments 15, numbered from proximal to distal; F-1F-4 (red overlay), derivatives of frontal plates 14; O-1O-3 (red overlay), derivatives of occipital plates 13; W, window." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522742" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522742/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">Fig. 6A, B</figureCitation>
). Cephalic portion slightly oblateoval, trunk portion long and attenuate. Total length 500 µm; length and width of cephalic shield 265 and 210 µm, respectively; anterior width and post-labral length of trunk in ventral view 105 µm and 350 µm, respectively. Length (measured from furcal spines) and basal diameter (at position of furcal spines) of dorsocaudal spine 100 µm and 30 µm, respectively. No lateral view available but long axes of cephalic shield, trunk, and dorsocaudal spine apparently nearly in same plane (no significant bending).
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="6.[820,1438,198,2076]" lastBlockId="7.[156,768,198,2076]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="308" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">
<emphasis box="[846,995,1499,1523]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">Cephalic shield</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation box="[1009,1088,1499,1523]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="12.[156,187,1207,1229]" captionTargetBox="[170,1418,206,1168]" captionTargetId="figure-378@12.[169,1419,205,1169]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig. 6. Hansenocaris aquila sp. nov., holotype (NHMD-1174615), light microscopy of exuvium of last-stage nauplius, comprising subsets of full z-stack at different focus levels exported and fused into single images to increase depth of focus. A, habitus, with labrum, ventral side of faciotrunk, and dorsocaudal spine in focus; B, habitus, with dorsum of faciotrunk in focus; C, cephalic shield; D, labrum; E, spine-row of keel on labrum; F, right first antenna; G, left second antenna; H, left mandible; I, posteriolateral corner of cephalic shield showing no notch or spines; J, furcal spines. Abbreviations: ba, basis; co, coxa; en, endopod; ex, exopod; Arabic numerals 15, exopodal segments 15, numbered from proximal to distal; F-1F-4 (red overlay), derivatives of frontal plates 14; O-1O-3 (red overlay), derivatives of occipital plates 13; W, window." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522742" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522742/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">Fig. 6C</figureCitation>
). With dense, nearly symmetrical pattern of reticulate ridges outlining many so-called plates, or facets. Setation and pore pattern of shield not clearly visible, but posteriolateral corners lacking
<taxonomicName authorityName="Olesen &amp; Grygier" authorityYear="2022" box="[1249,1386,1597,1621]" class="Maxillopoda" genus="Hansenocaris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="6" pageNumber="307" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cristalabri">
<emphasis box="[1249,1386,1597,1621]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">H. cristalabri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-like pair of spine-bounded notches. Plates or facets centered on rounded-quadrangular window (W) at about one-third length along midline, but only those near W (
<figureCitation box="[1298,1376,1694,1718]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="12.[156,187,1207,1229]" captionTargetBox="[170,1418,206,1168]" captionTargetId="figure-378@12.[169,1419,205,1169]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig. 6. Hansenocaris aquila sp. nov., holotype (NHMD-1174615), light microscopy of exuvium of last-stage nauplius, comprising subsets of full z-stack at different focus levels exported and fused into single images to increase depth of focus. A, habitus, with labrum, ventral side of faciotrunk, and dorsocaudal spine in focus; B, habitus, with dorsum of faciotrunk in focus; C, cephalic shield; D, labrum; E, spine-row of keel on labrum; F, right first antenna; G, left second antenna; H, left mandible; I, posteriolateral corner of cephalic shield showing no notch or spines; J, furcal spines. Abbreviations: ba, basis; co, coxa; en, endopod; ex, exopod; Arabic numerals 15, exopodal segments 15, numbered from proximal to distal; F-1F-4 (red overlay), derivatives of frontal plates 14; O-1O-3 (red overlay), derivatives of occipital plates 13; W, window." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522742" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522742/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">Fig. 6C</figureCitation>
) easily identifiable with those of
<taxonomicName authority="Olesen &amp; Grygier, 2022" authorityName="Olesen &amp; Grygier" authorityYear="2022" box="[1145,1284,1727,1751]" class="Maxillopoda" genus="Hansenocaris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="6" pageNumber="307" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cristalabri" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis box="[1145,1284,1727,1751]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">H. cristalabri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1297,1381,1727,1750]" pageId="6" pageNumber="307" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
and
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ito" authorityYear="1989" box="[820,942,1759,1783]" class="Maxillopoda" genus="Hansenocaris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="6" pageNumber="307" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="furcifera">
<emphasis box="[820,942,1759,1783]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">H. furcifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Namely, region of primordial frontal plate F-1 represented by pair of small pentagonal plates flanking W and by transverse row of 4 small plates preceding these and W; region of primordial frontal plate F-2 possibly represented by array of 6 small plates preceding F-1 region, including transverse central pair and 2 longitudinally oriented lateral pairs; and primordial occipital plates O-1 and O-2 represented by 2 successive pairs of large plates posterior to W. Configuration of all other plates, including more anterior F-plates, more posterior O-plates, and most non-ax-ial plates, differing from those in
<taxonomicName authority="Olesen &amp; Grygier, 2022" authorityName="Olesen &amp; Grygier" authorityYear="2022" box="[503,637,198,222]" class="Maxillopoda" genus="Hansenocaris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cristalabri" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis box="[503,637,198,222]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">H. cristalabri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[644,722,199,222]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
and
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ito" authorityYear="1989" box="[156,273,231,255]" class="Maxillopoda" genus="Hansenocaris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="furcifera">
<emphasis box="[156,273,231,255]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">H. furcifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(cf.
<figureCitation box="[323,398,231,255]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="10.[156,187,1703,1725]" captionTargetBox="[170,1418,206,1664]" captionTargetId="figure-106@10.[169,1419,205,1665]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Fig. 4. Comparison of cephalic shield plates of Hansenocaris furcifera Itô, 1989 and Hansenocaris cristalabri sp. nov., holotype (NHMD- 1174614). AE, cephalic shields of last five naupliar instars [N1N5 respectively according to Itô (1990)] of H. furcifera with color-zone indications (key at lower right) showing successive stages of subdivision of shield plates (facets) starting with primordial plates in N1 (after Itô 1987a, 1990: figs 5EF, 7, 8E, 10B; used with permission of the editor, Publications of the Seto Marine Biological Laboratory); F, last-stage nauplius of Hansenocaris cristalabri sp. nov. with presumed plate homologies to H. furcifera indicated by color-coding and alpha-numeric labels. Putatively homologous regions in C, E, and F marked by linked dotted ellipses." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522736" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522736/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Fig. 4E</figureCitation>
) and, owing to lack of information about important “land-mark” pores and setae, also difficult to homologize with any other species primordial plates; therefore, detailed description omitted.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="7.[156,768,198,2076]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">
<emphasis box="[181,261,361,385]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Labrum</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation box="[278,450,361,385]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="12.[156,187,1207,1229]" captionTargetBox="[170,1418,206,1168]" captionTargetId="figure-378@12.[169,1419,205,1169]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig. 6. Hansenocaris aquila sp. nov., holotype (NHMD-1174615), light microscopy of exuvium of last-stage nauplius, comprising subsets of full z-stack at different focus levels exported and fused into single images to increase depth of focus. A, habitus, with labrum, ventral side of faciotrunk, and dorsocaudal spine in focus; B, habitus, with dorsum of faciotrunk in focus; C, cephalic shield; D, labrum; E, spine-row of keel on labrum; F, right first antenna; G, left second antenna; H, left mandible; I, posteriolateral corner of cephalic shield showing no notch or spines; J, furcal spines. Abbreviations: ba, basis; co, coxa; en, endopod; ex, exopod; Arabic numerals 15, exopodal segments 15, numbered from proximal to distal; F-1F-4 (red overlay), derivatives of frontal plates 14; O-1O-3 (red overlay), derivatives of occipital plates 13; W, window." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522742" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522742/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Fig. 6A, B, D, E</figureCitation>
). Excluding its robust, sharply pointed, 35 µm long posterior extension, main portion of labrum obovate or rounded-spatulate in ventral view, 80 µm long and 60 µm wide, with median keel bearing row of 3 small but distinct and equal distal spines preceded by anoth-er minute spine. Labral surface divided by ridges into facets as follows: 2 elongated and overlapping facets along each lateral margin, with more anterior pair meeting in anterior midline; paired diagonal rows of 4 facets situated medial to these, extending from anterior midline to posteriolateral margin; 1 pair of posteriomesial facets preceding 2 small pairs flanking spine at posterior margin; and keel-bearing facet(s) along labrums posterior midline.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="7.[156,768,198,2076]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">
<emphasis box="[181,315,785,808]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">First antenna</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation box="[331,408,784,808]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="12.[156,187,1207,1229]" captionTargetBox="[170,1418,206,1168]" captionTargetId="figure-378@12.[169,1419,205,1169]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig. 6. Hansenocaris aquila sp. nov., holotype (NHMD-1174615), light microscopy of exuvium of last-stage nauplius, comprising subsets of full z-stack at different focus levels exported and fused into single images to increase depth of focus. A, habitus, with labrum, ventral side of faciotrunk, and dorsocaudal spine in focus; B, habitus, with dorsum of faciotrunk in focus; C, cephalic shield; D, labrum; E, spine-row of keel on labrum; F, right first antenna; G, left second antenna; H, left mandible; I, posteriolateral corner of cephalic shield showing no notch or spines; J, furcal spines. Abbreviations: ba, basis; co, coxa; en, endopod; ex, exopod; Arabic numerals 15, exopodal segments 15, numbered from proximal to distal; F-1F-4 (red overlay), derivatives of frontal plates 14; O-1O-3 (red overlay), derivatives of occipital plates 13; W, window." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522742" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522742/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Fig. 6F</figureCitation>
). Apparently 3-segmented, excluding narrow sclerites between 3 main segments. Unarmed first segment short, cylindrical (15 µm long, 20 µm in diameter). Unarmed second segment short, cylindrical (20 µm long, 17 µm in diameter). Distal segment 45 µm long, digitiform with moderate preaxial swelling of proximal 50%. This segment thickest (19 µm) at 1/3 length, with 3 apical setae: 2 long and 1 short.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="7.[156,768,198,2076]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">
<emphasis box="[181,341,1044,1068]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Second antenna</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation box="[357,440,1044,1068]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="12.[156,187,1207,1229]" captionTargetBox="[170,1418,206,1168]" captionTargetId="figure-378@12.[169,1419,205,1169]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig. 6. Hansenocaris aquila sp. nov., holotype (NHMD-1174615), light microscopy of exuvium of last-stage nauplius, comprising subsets of full z-stack at different focus levels exported and fused into single images to increase depth of focus. A, habitus, with labrum, ventral side of faciotrunk, and dorsocaudal spine in focus; B, habitus, with dorsum of faciotrunk in focus; C, cephalic shield; D, labrum; E, spine-row of keel on labrum; F, right first antenna; G, left second antenna; H, left mandible; I, posteriolateral corner of cephalic shield showing no notch or spines; J, furcal spines. Abbreviations: ba, basis; co, coxa; en, endopod; ex, exopod; Arabic numerals 15, exopodal segments 15, numbered from proximal to distal; F-1F-4 (red overlay), derivatives of frontal plates 14; O-1O-3 (red overlay), derivatives of occipital plates 13; W, window." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522742" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522742/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Fig. 6G</figureCitation>
). Biramous with unclear proximal segmentation. Unarmed coxa about as thick as long (25 µm), unarmed basis shorter (20 µm long). Exopod 50 µm long, 6-segmented with rudimentary (perhaps not fully annular) proximal segment and further segments gradually becoming smaller distally, apparently bearing 5 setae in all. Endopod 1-segmented, cylindrical, 15 µm long and 7 µm thick, bearing 2 long apical setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="7.[156,768,198,2076]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">
<emphasis box="[181,275,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Mandible</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation box="[290,351,1304,1328]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="12.[156,187,1207,1229]" captionTargetBox="[170,1418,206,1168]" captionTargetId="figure-378@12.[169,1419,205,1169]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig. 6. Hansenocaris aquila sp. nov., holotype (NHMD-1174615), light microscopy of exuvium of last-stage nauplius, comprising subsets of full z-stack at different focus levels exported and fused into single images to increase depth of focus. A, habitus, with labrum, ventral side of faciotrunk, and dorsocaudal spine in focus; B, habitus, with dorsum of faciotrunk in focus; C, cephalic shield; D, labrum; E, spine-row of keel on labrum; F, right first antenna; G, left second antenna; H, left mandible; I, posteriolateral corner of cephalic shield showing no notch or spines; J, furcal spines. Abbreviations: ba, basis; co, coxa; en, endopod; ex, exopod; Arabic numerals 15, exopodal segments 15, numbered from proximal to distal; F-1F-4 (red overlay), derivatives of frontal plates 14; O-1O-3 (red overlay), derivatives of occipital plates 13; W, window." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522742" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522742/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
). Similar to second antenna but smaller, again with unclear proximal segmentation. Coxa longer than basis (16 µm vs. 14 µm) and of slightly greater diameter (16 µm). Exopod 40 µm long, 5-segmented, apparently bearing 4 setae. Endopod 1-segmented, 10 µm long and 34 µm thick, bearing 2 long apical setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="7.[156,768,198,2076]" lastBlockId="7.[820,1432,198,1198]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">
<emphasis box="[181,412,1499,1524]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Hind part of faciotrunk</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation box="[425,549,1499,1524]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="12.[156,187,1207,1229]" captionTargetBox="[170,1418,206,1168]" captionTargetId="figure-378@12.[169,1419,205,1169]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig. 6. Hansenocaris aquila sp. nov., holotype (NHMD-1174615), light microscopy of exuvium of last-stage nauplius, comprising subsets of full z-stack at different focus levels exported and fused into single images to increase depth of focus. A, habitus, with labrum, ventral side of faciotrunk, and dorsocaudal spine in focus; B, habitus, with dorsum of faciotrunk in focus; C, cephalic shield; D, labrum; E, spine-row of keel on labrum; F, right first antenna; G, left second antenna; H, left mandible; I, posteriolateral corner of cephalic shield showing no notch or spines; J, furcal spines. Abbreviations: ba, basis; co, coxa; en, endopod; ex, exopod; Arabic numerals 15, exopodal segments 15, numbered from proximal to distal; F-1F-4 (red overlay), derivatives of frontal plates 14; O-1O-3 (red overlay), derivatives of occipital plates 13; W, window." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522742" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522742/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Fig. 6A, B, J</figureCitation>
). Trunk divisible into long, sparsely ornamented anterior part, heavily and concentrically ornamented posterior part, and heavily armed dorsocaudal spine. Anterior 15% or so of venter with short and sparse transverse ridges, followed by somewhat swollen and rounded middle region with short transverse ridges along midline and, more laterally, paired rows of bumps evidently representing future thoracopodal setae; in posterior third, concentric ridges well expressed and bearing small spinules (
<figureCitation box="[254,365,1792,1816]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="12.[156,187,1207,1229]" captionTargetBox="[170,1418,206,1168]" captionTargetId="figure-378@12.[169,1419,205,1169]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig. 6. Hansenocaris aquila sp. nov., holotype (NHMD-1174615), light microscopy of exuvium of last-stage nauplius, comprising subsets of full z-stack at different focus levels exported and fused into single images to increase depth of focus. A, habitus, with labrum, ventral side of faciotrunk, and dorsocaudal spine in focus; B, habitus, with dorsum of faciotrunk in focus; C, cephalic shield; D, labrum; E, spine-row of keel on labrum; F, right first antenna; G, left second antenna; H, left mandible; I, posteriolateral corner of cephalic shield showing no notch or spines; J, furcal spines. Abbreviations: ba, basis; co, coxa; en, endopod; ex, exopod; Arabic numerals 15, exopodal segments 15, numbered from proximal to distal; F-1F-4 (red overlay), derivatives of frontal plates 14; O-1O-3 (red overlay), derivatives of occipital plates 13; W, window." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522742" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522742/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Fig. 6A, B</figureCitation>
). Trunk dorsum with 2 dorsal rows of spines along nearly whole length from first or second transverse ridge to base of dorsocaudal spine, with slight discontinuity posterior to midlength, and additional shorter dorsolateral pair of spine rows reaching only to dorsal rows points of discontinuity (4 spine rows in total) (
<figureCitation box="[625,700,1955,1979]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="12.[156,187,1207,1229]" captionTargetBox="[170,1418,206,1168]" captionTargetId="figure-378@12.[169,1419,205,1169]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig. 6. Hansenocaris aquila sp. nov., holotype (NHMD-1174615), light microscopy of exuvium of last-stage nauplius, comprising subsets of full z-stack at different focus levels exported and fused into single images to increase depth of focus. A, habitus, with labrum, ventral side of faciotrunk, and dorsocaudal spine in focus; B, habitus, with dorsum of faciotrunk in focus; C, cephalic shield; D, labrum; E, spine-row of keel on labrum; F, right first antenna; G, left second antenna; H, left mandible; I, posteriolateral corner of cephalic shield showing no notch or spines; J, furcal spines. Abbreviations: ba, basis; co, coxa; en, endopod; ex, exopod; Arabic numerals 15, exopodal segments 15, numbered from proximal to distal; F-1F-4 (red overlay), derivatives of frontal plates 14; O-1O-3 (red overlay), derivatives of occipital plates 13; W, window." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522742" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522742/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Fig. 6B</figureCitation>
). Dorsocaudal organ (or positionally equivalent mid-dorsal trunk pore) absent. Dorsocaudal spine (
<figureCitation box="[515,627,2020,2044]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="12.[156,187,1207,1229]" captionTargetBox="[170,1418,206,1168]" captionTargetId="figure-378@12.[169,1419,205,1169]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig. 6. Hansenocaris aquila sp. nov., holotype (NHMD-1174615), light microscopy of exuvium of last-stage nauplius, comprising subsets of full z-stack at different focus levels exported and fused into single images to increase depth of focus. A, habitus, with labrum, ventral side of faciotrunk, and dorsocaudal spine in focus; B, habitus, with dorsum of faciotrunk in focus; C, cephalic shield; D, labrum; E, spine-row of keel on labrum; F, right first antenna; G, left second antenna; H, left mandible; I, posteriolateral corner of cephalic shield showing no notch or spines; J, furcal spines. Abbreviations: ba, basis; co, coxa; en, endopod; ex, exopod; Arabic numerals 15, exopodal segments 15, numbered from proximal to distal; F-1F-4 (red overlay), derivatives of frontal plates 14; O-1O-3 (red overlay), derivatives of occipital plates 13; W, window." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522742" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522742/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Fig. 6A, B</figureCitation>
) armed with large subsidiary spines along entire length, except at sharply pointed tip. Pair of small (7 µm long), pointed furcal spines arising anterioventrally to base of dorsocaudal spine (
<figureCitation captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="12.[156,187,1207,1229]" captionTargetBox="[170,1418,206,1168]" captionTargetId="figure-378@12.[169,1419,205,1169]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig. 6. Hansenocaris aquila sp. nov., holotype (NHMD-1174615), light microscopy of exuvium of last-stage nauplius, comprising subsets of full z-stack at different focus levels exported and fused into single images to increase depth of focus. A, habitus, with labrum, ventral side of faciotrunk, and dorsocaudal spine in focus; B, habitus, with dorsum of faciotrunk in focus; C, cephalic shield; D, labrum; E, spine-row of keel on labrum; F, right first antenna; G, left second antenna; H, left mandible; I, posteriolateral corner of cephalic shield showing no notch or spines; J, furcal spines. Abbreviations: ba, basis; co, coxa; en, endopod; ex, exopod; Arabic numerals 15, exopodal segments 15, numbered from proximal to distal; F-1F-4 (red overlay), derivatives of frontal plates 14; O-1O-3 (red overlay), derivatives of occipital plates 13; W, window." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522742" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522742/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Fig. 6J</figureCitation>
). Midventral (anal?) pore not observed.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="7.[820,1432,198,1198]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">
No “ghost” of cyprid thorax (see
<bibRefCitation author="Grygier, M. J. &amp; HOeg, J. T. &amp; Dreyer, N. &amp; Olesen, J." box="[1216,1425,296,320]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" pagination="1222 - 1231" refId="ref14749" refString="Grygier, M. J., HOeg, J. T., Dreyer, N., and Olesen, J. 2019. A new internal structure of nauplius larvae: A &quot; ghostly &quot; support sling for cypris y left within the exuviae of nauplius y after metamorphosis (Crustacea: Thecostraca: Facetotecta). Journal of Morphology 280: 1222 - 1231." type="journal article" year="2019">Grygier et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
) detected inside slide-mounted exuvium.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="7.[820,1432,198,1198]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[846,1098,360,384]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">
Description (
<typeStatus box="[987,1087,360,384]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Paratype</typeStatus>
).
</emphasis>
Trunk region rotated on slide relative to cephalic region, and posteriolateral part of one side of cephalic shield distorted; therefore, some of following measurements probably different in life. Total length 530 µm; cephalic shield length along midline 277 µm, maximal width 215 µm, posterior width 147 µm; dorsal trunk length 257 µm including 97 µm long dorsocaudal spine. Dorsocaudal spine similarly spiny to that of
<typeStatus box="[1337,1429,588,612]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">holotype</typeStatus>
. Labrum 113 µm long including posterior medial spine, maximal width 70 µm; main portion with same roundedspatulate or obovate shape as that of
<typeStatus box="[1235,1324,686,710]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">holotype</typeStatus>
and with row of small spines preceding robust, beak-like posterior extension, latter relatively shorter (23 µm) than that of
<typeStatus pageId="7" pageNumber="308">holotype</typeStatus>
; cuticular ridge pattern of labrum resembling that of
<typeStatus box="[820,912,816,840]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">holotype</typeStatus>
. Four longitudinal rows of spines on trunk dorsum: 2 inner rows extending from about fourth transverse ridge to base of dorsocaudal spine, 2 outer rows extending from anterior margin only half this distance posteriorly. Limb setation as follows: first antenna with 1 long and 1 medium-long apical setae; second antenna with unarmed coxa and basis, 2 apical setae on 1-segmented endopod, and 5 setae on 6-segmented exopod (0-0-1-1-1-2); mandible similar but exopod 5-segmented with 1-1-1-2 setal arrangement. No cyprid “ghost” visible within exuvium, but pair of oval (19.5×5.5µm), purportedly “ghost”-related anterioventral invaginations present on trunk (
<figureCitation box="[1221,1297,1174,1198]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="12.[156,187,1207,1229]" captionTargetBox="[170,1418,206,1168]" captionTargetId="figure-378@12.[169,1419,205,1169]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig. 6. Hansenocaris aquila sp. nov., holotype (NHMD-1174615), light microscopy of exuvium of last-stage nauplius, comprising subsets of full z-stack at different focus levels exported and fused into single images to increase depth of focus. A, habitus, with labrum, ventral side of faciotrunk, and dorsocaudal spine in focus; B, habitus, with dorsum of faciotrunk in focus; C, cephalic shield; D, labrum; E, spine-row of keel on labrum; F, right first antenna; G, left second antenna; H, left mandible; I, posteriolateral corner of cephalic shield showing no notch or spines; J, furcal spines. Abbreviations: ba, basis; co, coxa; en, endopod; ex, exopod; Arabic numerals 15, exopodal segments 15, numbered from proximal to distal; F-1F-4 (red overlay), derivatives of frontal plates 14; O-1O-3 (red overlay), derivatives of occipital plates 13; W, window." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522742" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522742/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Fig. 6B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>