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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.73.e101372" ID-Pensoft-Pub="2625-8498-73-717" ID-Pensoft-UUID="318B657A15AB5708B3C35FC1A82B4945" ID-ZooBank="8F3D5EDA2F184E5CA53E2F7741FF1339" ModsDocID="2625-8498-73-717" checkinTime="1695893367890" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Szyndlar, Zbigniew &amp; Georgalis, Georgios L." docDate="2023" docId="03213AB1A46C3714DB8ED541CE1EB5EF" docLanguage="en" docName="VertZool 73: 717-886" docOrigin="Vertebrate Zoology 73" docPubDate="2023-09-27" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.73.e101372" docTitle="Tropidophis Bibron in Ramon de la Sagra, 1838 - 1843" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="318B657A15AB5708B3C35FC1A82B4945" lastPageNumber="717" masterDocId="318B657A15AB5708B3C35FC1A82B4945" masterDocTitle="An illustrated atlas of the vertebral morphology of extant non-caenophidian snakes, with special emphasis on the cloacal and caudal portions of the column" masterLastPageNumber="886" masterPageNumber="717" pageNumber="717" updateTime="1695893367890" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:title id="29CF702BA4AC69A155541BDF2CC4351D">An illustrated atlas of the vertebral morphology of extant non-caenophidian snakes, with special emphasis on the cloacal and caudal portions of the column</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="8208041912E4E4195E370A9026F6E2D7">Szyndlar, Zbigniew</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="8B89CC09421E767C3264635D74F1D7E1">Institute of Systematics and Evolution of Animals, Polish Academy of Sciences, Slawkowska 17, 31 - 016 Krakow, Poland</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="7E067CF4496230E82BAF1CD97D1C5E81">Georgalis, Georgios L.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="E93CC64E80B2B70E180FDDDE3DC21134" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7759-6146</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="94F6DF984048353AF2DE62ECE26B4340">Institute of Systematics and Evolution of Animals, Polish Academy of Sciences, Slawkowska 17, 31 - 016 Krakow, Poland</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="FB3E4140FF705D4813CEC6B45AEEFF09" type="email">dimetrodon82@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="F191474E23200CDE7437DE5481D1C0D8">Vertebrate Zoology</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="BF5E3B8E6A0BD90908533FCE441154E6">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="D5B5515B5F466756026814BA9E623099">73</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="CDD57614FC94309034AD14AC4044C2CB">journal article</mods:classification>
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<treatment id="03213AB1A46C3714DB8ED541CE1EB5EF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03213AB1A46C3714DB8ED541CE1EB5EF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03213AB1A46C3714DB8ED541CE1EB5EF" lastPageNumber="717" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">
<subSubSection id="4DC834D08FFAA2369FDF97DFD000B91C" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="CECB4406F7F44056A15C47B754311911" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">
<taxonomicName id="3567DB0FD4B938BEB5A16352D3F0C317" ID-CoL="833G" ID-ENA="39246" authority="Bibron in Ramon de la Sagra, 1838 - 1843" authorityName="Bibron in Ramon de la Sagra, 1838 -" authorityYear="1843" class="Squamata" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tropidophis" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
Tropidophis Bibron in
<normalizedToken id="E73B81910D244A012B70EE320A8804D6" originalValue="Ramón">Ramon</normalizedToken>
de la Sagra, 1838-1843
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="24865C107B7979C5CE5354759CEF6362" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="FAF5624019EFB8D82FFF34B033DB4BCB" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A19B1B59CD9784902C73D90AD9F1A180" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">
<taxonomicName id="E5B987A5E7A379F8C1C1A47C5091893D" baseAuthorityName="Cope" baseAuthorityYear="1868" class="Squamata" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tropidophis canus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="canus">
<emphasis id="B2DABF2E99EE113CA481477784B41986" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">Tropidophis canus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Cope, 1868) (
<materialsCitation id="429E8F2A5DFFD20B2A1FCF3B3D75B80F" accessionNumber="R73066, R81127, R46690" collectingDate="2023-01-01" collectingDateMax="2023-12-31" collectingDateMin="2023-01-01" collectorName="UF Herp, Barbour, Shreve, Gundlach" location="Peters in Peters" municipality="Steindachner" specimenCount="1">
AMNH
<accessionNumber id="D76C954F7397157A106FE38C61E7DAB7" httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nucleotide/R73066">R73066</accessionNumber>
;
<collectorName id="96039A02156BE77EBC809249C142FEE6">UF Herp</collectorName>
[Morphosource.org: Media 000445131, ark:/87602/m4/445131];
<taxonomicName id="19581C6511A5B761EA2A0AD2598385D0" authorityName="Schwartz" authorityYear="1957" class="Squamata" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tropidophis feicki" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="feicki">
<emphasis id="1336E405353ACE8F792F9B1F6E1D6EA7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">Tropidophis feicki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Schwartz, 1957 (AMNH
<accessionNumber id="EC1E484DC99436EAFE67A4F63715DEF1" httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nucleotide/R81127">R81127</accessionNumber>
);
<taxonomicName id="2374D557B5E8BA2451AC15DBFA757020" authorityName="Barbour &amp; Shreve" authorityYear="1936" class="Squamata" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tropidophis greenwayi" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="greenwayi">
<emphasis id="5A71BE7342F2836AEE3C834172C99A2A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">Tropidophis greenwayi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<collectorName id="668F9DCB1A057BDD79325EDD0A1A5D23">Barbour</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="68E52143473DFCF06EEF75294872942C">Shreve</collectorName>
, 1936 (
<collectorName id="BC9836A7445D6172E3F75CF247B9B05E">UF Herp</collectorName>
42392 [Morphosource.org: Media 000445141, ark:/87602/m4/445141]);
<taxonomicName id="A3C88FA822AB1BAA9B2A963D489AA1BB" baseAuthorityName="Cope" baseAuthorityYear="1879" class="Squamata" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tropidophis haetianus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="haetianus">
<emphasis id="53B9591D7FADA8F369758420FD415B7D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">Tropidophis haetianus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<collectorName id="00169023B44C2F8541E1C25A7C5DA184">UF Herp</collectorName>
59679 [Morphosource.org: Media 000372277, ark:/87602/m4/372277);
<taxonomicName id="61429071379CB733DC743EC44AE11E69" authorityName="Stull" authorityYear="1928" class="Squamata" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tropidophis jamaicensis" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jamaicensis">
<emphasis id="FA552147D68FFA678557C2D2477F2D41" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">Tropidophis jamaicensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Stull, 1928 (NHMUK 1964.1239);
<taxonomicName id="C28DD3763A6F8B66D573DD403E2DBCDF" baseAuthorityName="Schlegel" baseAuthorityYear="1837" class="Squamata" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tropidophis melanurus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="melanurus">
<emphasis id="D2EB675BE4A63E7074F2CBE379F011C3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">Tropidophis melanurus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Schlegel, 1837) (AMNH
<accessionNumber id="0D58180095A67CBAD53BCA8775AD36F3" httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nucleotide/R46690">R46690</accessionNumber>
);
<taxonomicName id="539AE2E9007BCCE70452AC6A7E919071" baseAuthorityName="Gundlach &amp; Peters" baseAuthorityYear="1864" class="Squamata" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tropidophis semicinctus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="semicinctus">
<emphasis id="B1D3486731452177A4D652F7CF678067" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">Tropidophis semicinctus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<collectorName id="D423565C0E58000721A655944D3B632F">Gundlach</collectorName>
&amp;
<location id="7CFDD751E61233D8BC8CA5F166186920" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03213AB1A46C3714DB8ED541CE1EB5EF:7CFDD751E61233D8BC8CA5F166186920" municipality="Steindachner" name="Peters in Peters">Peters in Peters</location>
, 1864) (AMNH R7386);
<taxonomicName id="D82CB82CED54A9E516A83EC5958A13C4" baseAuthorityName="Steindachner" baseAuthorityYear="1880" class="Squamata" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tropidophis taczanowskyi" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="taczanowskyi">
<emphasis id="6E5680A09B5CA0F318FE6B6D3E19F420" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">Tropidophis taczanowskyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<collectingMunicipality id="4665EA155190606A31D4DADE1E40983F">Steindachner</collectingMunicipality>
, 1880) (NHMUK 44.2.27.8)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0300A6E67BD287C007B8B9FB259B9ADD" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" type="description">
<paragraph id="6B60259246623EAC37A28282ED36947E" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">Description (Figs 31-35).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D02D12A2452B2C2F38795DF8A7D8C899" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">
<emphasis id="4295575D2E7E9F3D9FD9120D370A0794" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">
<emphasis id="9AE95142FCDF7B6A318F1F5B81D6A5FF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">Trunk vertebrae</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
The description is primarily based on the complete skeleton of
<taxonomicName id="8E5E603E2C1087EA7F33E413D3CE1102" authorityName="Stull" authorityYear="1928" class="Squamata" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tropidophis jamaicensis" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jamaicensis">
<emphasis id="2C3949235B7F3B3ABB2E5E5CA8935FFC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">Tropidophis jamaicensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(NHMUK 1964.1239). Centrum as long as wide; cotyle and condyle orbicular; neural arch moderately vaulted; posterior median notch of the neural arch shallow to moderately deep; neural spine as high as long; prezygapophyseal accessory processes vestigial; hypapophyses plate-like and with a distinct anteroventral corner, present throughout the trunk portion of the column; paracotylar foramina present. Note that a vertebra from the same specimen of
<taxonomicName id="96418F35295E2F63E0FCFE1532D08D03" lsidName="T. jamaicensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" rank="species" species="jamaicensis">
<emphasis id="F728885C048EB9D2A624678320B53101" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">T. jamaicensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was previously figured by
<bibRefCitation id="AC9794F4F417C6869370307587015E69" author="Szyndlar, Z" journalOrPublisher="Institute of Systematics and Evolution of Animals, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" refId="B614" refString="Szyndlar, Z, Rage, J-C, 2003. Non-erycine Booidea from the Oligocene and Miocene of Europe. Institute of Systematics and Evolution of Animals, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow" title="Non-erycine Booidea from the Oligocene and Miocene of Europe." year="2003">Szyndlar and Rage (2003</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 2O) as
<taxonomicName id="A9F11F66DA4D992D2B1902A49B226EED" baseAuthorityName="Cope" baseAuthorityYear="1879" class="Squamata" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tropidophis haetianus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="haetianus">
<emphasis id="A8BC4F45A39327C14FEC7A4236783216" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">Tropidophis haetianus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, as the former species was back then considered a subspecies of the latter.
</paragraph>
<caption id="8DC23E6AF05243DD2C429FC836C198FA" doi="10.3897/vz.73.e101372.figure31" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/912921" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" start="Figure 31" startId="F31">
<paragraph id="682092023D9A2D5F4467C8F60E7FBE96" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">
<emphasis id="C7D52FCAB1461E6C589362635AD97F44" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">Figure 31.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="EEBBB5B47885782FB91946A1EDA19577" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Tropidophiidae</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="E16CC5B06560EECBE894CE8487A61A86" authorityName="Stull" authorityYear="1928" class="Squamata" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tropidophis jamaicensis" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jamaicensis">
<emphasis id="5F373C76FF411535543982FFCA6838F1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">Tropidophis jamaicensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(NHMUK 1964.1239), trunk vertebrae.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="8A53FCEB14C8E613CF3862FC80786194" doi="10.3897/vz.73.e101372.figure32" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/912922" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" start="Figure 32" startId="F32">
<paragraph id="12CF7869138E11BF8D8AFE8DBF4F2D2E" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">
<emphasis id="70E5193A3FB04424A4595BD77D965B5E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">Figure 32.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="3EEB4571D00A6A72EB8BAFC06C1DA426" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Tropidophiidae</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="1BD8B8F756140CA3A563FB4694A387A0" authorityName="Stull" authorityYear="1928" class="Squamata" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tropidophis jamaicensis" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jamaicensis">
<emphasis id="7980D7EE94C9ADB53651022ABEF13E58" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">Tropidophis jamaicensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(NHMUK 1964.1239), posteriormost trunk, cloacal, and caudal vertebrae.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="1B670957B944481C812320AC33981C63" doi="10.3897/vz.73.e101372.figure33" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/912923" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" start="Figure 33" startId="F33">
<paragraph id="54C64064BAD198672541237AA4DAC5BC" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">
<emphasis id="7538A93FCE2FD1CD123AA513AA16A31B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">Figure 33.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="F2C93A10480FE1792305322D38694C53" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Tropidophiidae</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="9E200801D379E0D0F0343795BE21B796" authorityName="Stull" authorityYear="1928" class="Squamata" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tropidophis jamaicensis" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jamaicensis">
<emphasis id="66E24AD0031B876D81AA207F586B24A8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">Tropidophis jamaicensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(NHMUK 1964.1239), caudal vertebrae.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="C06DAA174A6B44058021DE7E92627DCD" doi="10.3897/vz.73.e101372.figure34" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/912924" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" start="Figure 34" startId="F34">
<paragraph id="01E2741E30EB6DD7C46D479A1F35E118" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">
<emphasis id="AFC4EE227A736E54987022C51147F611" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">Figure 34.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="7340DA6F27B46CB850669D7FB1D58F30" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Tropidophiidae</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="CCC74C30D3EBA78F60BDB014144C50D1" authorityName="Stull" authorityYear="1928" class="Squamata" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tropidophis jamaicensis" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jamaicensis">
<emphasis id="E64557F1AFFC66E727D51F9700CBC120" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">Tropidophis jamaicensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(NHMUK 1964.1239), caudal vertebrae.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="7B4790D4DBD04D528CD43FB66DD0EE1D" doi="10.3897/vz.73.e101372.figure35" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/912925" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" start="Figure 35" startId="F35">
<paragraph id="355334DE963C688455307AEE1AB9364B" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">
<emphasis id="92754B7B92D343C1DBBE2D35AC14A24F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">Figure 35.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="49A5F881A5BA2313A40DD353BEFF938D" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Tropidophiidae</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="D6BE88E300A40B098CDD49DFFF9E4CDA" baseAuthorityName="Steindachner" baseAuthorityYear="1880" class="Squamata" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tropidophis taczanowskyi" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="taczanowskyi">
<emphasis id="230E0A2DB334FC4BC365F4000119AE98" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">Tropidophis taczanowskyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(NHMUK 44.2.27.8), trunk vertebrae.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="02780D6DDA346000809FDC00CF735B0E" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">
Mid-trunk vertebrae of
<taxonomicName id="1DAE950456FDED9E0CF389F9758ADECD" baseAuthorityName="Steindachner" baseAuthorityYear="1880" class="Squamata" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tropidophis taczanowskyi" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="taczanowskyi">
<emphasis id="960ABEA431AEACB837C25943FF5EFFDD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">Tropidophis taczanowskyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(four vertebrae studied) morphologically closely resemble those of
<taxonomicName id="4556EDFB695F0ECE0C5F1F39E1EBC6B6" lsidName="T. jamaicensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" rank="species" species="jamaicensis">
<emphasis id="83678A91BD13BD2A652552037178104C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">T. jamaicensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; the main difference is that their hypapophyses are shorter, though still these possess the typical anteroventral corner. A similar situation with
<taxonomicName id="1CFD6F7322239EC6D6FC2492B5994A4D" lsidName="T. jamaicensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" rank="species" species="jamaicensis">
<emphasis id="8956B7470541B6E573848C801807E720" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">T. jamaicensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is also observed in the skeleton of
<taxonomicName id="ADEDC5B0AFE2FC73974A99B6C5DF8089" authorityName="Barbour &amp; Shreve" authorityYear="1936" class="Squamata" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tropidophis greenwayi" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="greenwayi">
<emphasis id="011842B3C94BB9E6B90F6F7ABE0C23C2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">Tropidophis greenwayi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: here the hypapophysis of the mid-trunk vertebrae is also plate-like with a distinct anteroventral corner.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="56F6CD956B455BF2E29415BA4970DF84" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">
As for other species of the genus, published figures of trunk vertebrae of
<taxonomicName id="BD0F3143D9A856895DEF0EE831F6772B" baseAuthorityName="Cope" baseAuthorityYear="1868" class="Squamata" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tropidophis canus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="canus">
<emphasis id="79921B0F6514C2495AA7A9AA23320F4D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">Tropidophis canus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="2A053ECA84A63FD500773BACD56D6C18" author="Bogert, CM" journalOrPublisher="American Museum Novitates" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" pagination="1 - 26" refId="B67" refString="Bogert, CM, 1968b. The variations and affinities of the dwarf boas of the genus Ungaliophis. American Museum Novitates 2340: 1 - 26" title="The variations and affinities of the dwarf boas of the genus Ungaliophis." volume="2340" year="1968 b">Bogert 1968b</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 7B),
<taxonomicName id="ADA4F8C17436EB47BD6E7BE60AB8C5C3" baseAuthorityName="Cope" baseAuthorityYear="1879" class="Squamata" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tropidophis haetianus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="haetianus">
<emphasis id="1C0245EB24F5EAB3C5707113B2F5336C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">Tropidophis haetianus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="7E3FB2F500EAE1AE3A9EE84D3856794B" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geobios.2020.09.005" author="Head, JJ" journalOrPublisher="Anatomical Record" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" refId="B246" refString="Head, JJ, 2021. A South American snake lineage from the Eocene Greenhouse of North America and a reappraisal of the fossil record of ''anilioid&quot; snakes. Geobios 66-67: 55-65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geobios.2020.09.005" title="A South American snake lineage from the Eocene Greenhouse of North America and a reappraisal of the fossil record of '' anilioid &quot; snakes. Geobios 66 - 67: 55 - 65." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geobios.2020.09.005" year="2021">Head 2021</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 4B), and
<taxonomicName id="4BA1DE5C77E3AFADFF3C064DDFCC5390" baseAuthorityName="Schlegel" baseAuthorityYear="1837" class="Squamata" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tropidophis melanurus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="melanurus">
<emphasis id="CE3DB25197DC55629C6EAD5C137A871B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">Tropidophis melanurus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="452F2E9DBF76B8CF2376854323C0AA1C" DOI="https://doi.org/10.4202/app.00766.2020" author="Syromyatnikova, E" journalOrPublisher="Acta Palaeontologica Polonica" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" pagination="395 - 407" refId="B603" refString="Syromyatnikova, E, Aranda, E, Fiol Gonzalez, S, 2021. First insight into the diversity of snakes in the Pleistocene of Cuba. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 66: 395 - 407, DOI: https://doi.org/10.4202/app.00766.2020" title="First insight into the diversity of snakes in the Pleistocene of Cuba." url="https://doi.org/10.4202/app.00766.2020" volume="66" year="2021">Syromyatnikova et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 2C), demonstrate that these three species are also provided with a plate-like hypapophysis, possessing a distinct right-angled anteroventral corner produced anteriorly. Also for
<taxonomicName id="86AB6B2B2AA2139B1382AC0F33DB826B" authorityName="Ortega-Andrade, Bentley, Koch, Yanez-Munoz &amp; Entiauspe-Neto" authorityYear="2022" class="Squamata" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tropidophis cacuangoae" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cacuangoae">
<emphasis id="1F8F9DA9589A0EA78EC1F2C7A2C8FF92" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">Tropidophis cacuangoae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation id="50A3FF31AAE6019A1D586FC02F3F0C5F" DOI="https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.854.2021" author="Ortega-Andrade, HM" journalOrPublisher="European Journal of Taxonomy" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" pagination="1 - 107" refId="B416" refString="Ortega-Andrade, HM, Bentley, A, Koch, C, Yanez-Munoz, MH, Entiauspe-Neto, OM, 2022. A time relic: A new species of dwarf boa, Tropidophis Bibron, 1840 (Serpentes: Amerophidia), from the Upper Amazon Basin. European Journal of Taxonomy 854: 1 - 107, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.854.2021" title="A time relic: A new species of dwarf boa, Tropidophis Bibron, 1840 (Serpentes: Amerophidia), from the Upper Amazon Basin." url="https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.854.2021" volume="854" year="2022">Ortega-Andrade et al., 2022</bibRefCitation>
, the sole published X-ray image of the holotype (
<bibRefCitation id="97B90647EB7C0857707B49C0B025F6E4" DOI="https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.854.2021" author="Ortega-Andrade, HM" journalOrPublisher="European Journal of Taxonomy" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" pagination="1 - 107" refId="B416" refString="Ortega-Andrade, HM, Bentley, A, Koch, C, Yanez-Munoz, MH, Entiauspe-Neto, OM, 2022. A time relic: A new species of dwarf boa, Tropidophis Bibron, 1840 (Serpentes: Amerophidia), from the Upper Amazon Basin. European Journal of Taxonomy 854: 1 - 107, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.854.2021" title="A time relic: A new species of dwarf boa, Tropidophis Bibron, 1840 (Serpentes: Amerophidia), from the Upper Amazon Basin." url="https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.854.2021" volume="854" year="2022">Ortega-Andrade et al. 2022</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 8), depicts the body almost continuously in lateral view and thus the prominent hypapophyses with right-angled anteroventral corner appear to be prominent especially in the mid- and posterior trunk portion of the column. Note though that for
<taxonomicName id="57B6539AFF93AEEE7534496C97FB6073" baseAuthorityName="Schlegel" baseAuthorityYear="1837" class="Squamata" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tropidophis melanurus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="melanurus">
<emphasis id="B2314DF5439DF34E70385C5FB0707FC3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">Tropidophis melanurus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, other published figures (
<bibRefCitation id="67468F0A6EC319AA65BF7713083CFCF1" author="Bogert, CM" journalOrPublisher="American Museum Novitates" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" pagination="1 - 38" refId="B66" refString="Bogert, CM, 1968a. A new genus and species of dwarf boa from Southern Mexico. American Museum Novitates 2354: 1 - 38" title="A new genus and species of dwarf boa from Southern Mexico." volume="2354" year="1968 a">Bogert 1968a</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 9A;
<bibRefCitation id="920C2141D3572EAEC53F9678CEF7156F" author="Dowling, HG" journalOrPublisher="American Museum of Natural History, HISS Publishing, New York" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" refId="B154" refString="Dowling, HG, Duellman, WE, 1978. Systematic herpetology: A synopsis of families and higher categories. Herpetological Information Search Service, New York." title="Systematic herpetology: A synopsis of families and higher categories. Herpetological Information Search Service, New York." year="1978">Dowling and Duellman 1978</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 104.2;
<bibRefCitation id="097F1193457A4463294D17372C790AA0" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1017/S1464793102005924" author="Lee, M" journalOrPublisher="Biological Reviews" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" pagination="333 - 402" refId="B346" refString="Lee, M, Scanlon, JD, 2002. Snake phylogeny based on osteology, soft anatomy and behaviour. Biological Reviews 77: 333 - 402, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S1464793102005924" title="Snake phylogeny based on osteology, soft anatomy and behaviour." url="https://doi.org/10.1017/S1464793102005924" volume="77" year="2002">Lee and Scanlon 2002</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 10G) do show a different degree of inclination of the anteroventral corner (possessing a distinct
<normalizedToken id="E9D37528F0F6D7DD0214C18A0B6210B1" originalValue="“spur”">&quot;spur&quot;</normalizedToken>
in the anteroventral corner), and therefore in this species, the distinct right-angled anteroventral corner of the hypapophysis is evident only in part of the trunk region.
<taxonomicName id="857455B6C6818114935D1A2270C064A6" authorityName="Schwartz" authorityYear="1957" class="Squamata" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tropidophis feicki" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="feicki">
<emphasis id="8A3AE072C8F8E573F870471384E85FBB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">Tropidophis feicki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="B7137441470BB01C2FAC6B30C056B820" author="Bogert, CM" journalOrPublisher="American Museum Novitates" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" pagination="1 - 38" refId="B66" refString="Bogert, CM, 1968a. A new genus and species of dwarf boa from Southern Mexico. American Museum Novitates 2354: 1 - 38" title="A new genus and species of dwarf boa from Southern Mexico." volume="2354" year="1968 a">Bogert 1968a</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 8C) has a short hypapophysis similar to that of
<taxonomicName id="7F221D98CCACC3ACEC8A65572FBA8B2D" lsidName="T. taczanowskyi" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" rank="species" species="taczanowskyi">
<emphasis id="BE05D99CDF6A50C809404FAD33DA51C2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">T. taczanowskyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; for
<taxonomicName id="4716AAFAB353C540F9F4C30C082BE336" baseAuthorityName="Gundlach &amp; Peters" baseAuthorityYear="1864" class="Squamata" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tropidophis semicinctus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="semicinctus">
<emphasis id="C26EC56568C488B46E43963C92759FA8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">Tropidophis semicinctus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<bibRefCitation id="D115A4BDCF67344F4F54ECE17B01B82F" author="Bogert, CM" journalOrPublisher="American Museum Novitates" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" pagination="1 - 38" refId="B66" refString="Bogert, CM, 1968a. A new genus and species of dwarf boa from Southern Mexico. American Museum Novitates 2354: 1 - 38" title="A new genus and species of dwarf boa from Southern Mexico." volume="2354" year="1968 a">Bogert (1968a)</bibRefCitation>
stated that it is even less strongly developed.
<bibRefCitation id="6B0B9B58288EC035A8FB1E6674266F91" author="Bogert, CM" journalOrPublisher="American Museum Novitates" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" pagination="1 - 38" refId="B66" refString="Bogert, CM, 1968a. A new genus and species of dwarf boa from Southern Mexico. American Museum Novitates 2354: 1 - 38" title="A new genus and species of dwarf boa from Southern Mexico." volume="2354" year="1968 a">Bogert (1968a)</bibRefCitation>
regarded the structures in
<taxonomicName id="401F8F6A1D26FC1049218FEF20F86107" lsidName="T. feicki" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" rank="species" species="feicki">
<emphasis id="88466D70ACB6B412AEE358BEB2801795" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">T. feicki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="5BDB4B1D53C6D8DB0181E139E8C7C725" lsidName="T. semicinctus" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" rank="species" species="semicinctus">
<emphasis id="24428DDCC8E7BD9F3945FC76725681DF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">T. semicinctus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to represent a haemal keel instead, but of course, the &quot;terminology boundaries&quot; between these elements are somehow a philosophical question (see also Discussion below). We consider the structure of
<taxonomicName id="8F83DFB40088F5FF044FB239B01FD120" lsidName="T. feicki" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" rank="species" species="feicki">
<emphasis id="CD9563EA84CBFDDA95395BB9D2FE84E2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">T. feicki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(and apparently also of
<taxonomicName id="F206418AEA30A32D2A4AE844BAA085B2" lsidName="T. semicinctus" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" rank="species" species="semicinctus">
<emphasis id="CD58E420F75A1D388A0A08F1826DBE49" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">T. semicinctus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) as a short hypapophysis, as was also previously suggested by
<bibRefCitation id="38036670D1CE66C65D52B70BAF23B154" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108938891.006" author="Smith, KT" editor="Gower, D" journalOrPublisher="Cambridge University Press, Cambridge" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" pagination="55 - 84" refId="B571" refString="Smith, KT, Georgalis, GL, 2022. The diversity and distribution of Palaeogene snakes - A review, with comments on vertebral sufficiency. In: Gower, D, Zaher, H, Eds., , The Origin and Early Evolution of Snakes. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge: 55 - 84, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108938891.006" title="The diversity and distribution of Palaeogene snakes - A review, with comments on vertebral sufficiency." url="https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108938891.006" volumeTitle=", The Origin and Early Evolution of Snakes." year="2022">Smith and Georgalis (2022)</bibRefCitation>
for that species, and in any case, we highlight that this taxon also possesses the characteristic right-angled anteroventral corner in mid-trunk vertebrae. As for other vertebral features, it is worth noting that except for
<taxonomicName id="FB43AE79A04B8313C7E94EC290DA6D0C" authorityName="Stull" authorityYear="1928" class="Squamata" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tropidophis jamaicensis" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jamaicensis">
<emphasis id="3F8ED96F556A242D5785D23CBB796DF1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">Tropidophis jamaicensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="D1EB72E0EF501A65979224E9F594F631" lsidName="T. melanurus" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" rank="species" species="melanurus">
<emphasis id="CD06326F4C5C8969DD91B07ABCA624FA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">T. melanurus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the remaining species of the genus (at least the studied or the already published ones) do not possess paracotylar foramina.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="08A6B093BB4839863AA5D5AD2B27A8AA" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">
<emphasis id="EE4653F53ADFD75080DBD0B7DDFCE8D1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">
<emphasis id="F7A3EC7B154809A8699152E73276060B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">Trunk</emphasis>
/
<emphasis id="35BD11B90F6693ADB107E0C5AA9B37CB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">caudal transition</emphasis>
</emphasis>
. The description is again mainly based on
<taxonomicName id="DAAF95E29AFE3F0A043FC247A5D99066" authorityName="Stull" authorityYear="1928" class="Squamata" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tropidophis jamaicensis" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jamaicensis">
<emphasis id="0780D0A0E21FABF3B5CEE0BB883DEB4C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">Tropidophis jamaicensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The hypapophysis of the last trunk vertebra is slightly longer than in mid-trunk vertebrae; in the following cloacal and anterior caudal vertebrae it becomes gradually shorter, inclined posteriorly, and pointed distally. A shallow groove appears on the tip of the hypapophysis of the 7th caudal vertebra (i.e., V 183) of
<taxonomicName id="8A8A70E92FEC68B2CC09DC7561C3115D" lsidName="T. jamaicensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" rank="species" species="jamaicensis">
<emphasis id="A00270DB9B1FD47D58138FA53FA0264A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">T. jamaicensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(but in
<taxonomicName id="29119965D6FCDA255DBE3AF3C7980109" lsidName="T. greenwayi" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" rank="species" species="greenwayi">
<emphasis id="918AA2CBF66DBFDCC2A0AB6822BE6DE2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">T. greenwayi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the slightly grooved hypapophysis already appears from the 3d caudal vertebra); in more posterior caudal vertebrae the subcentral structures are distally forked (grooved) hypapophyses rather than true paired haemapophyses, with this pattern continuing up to the very end of the tail. Posteriormost caudal vertebrae are fused.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="38E885FDAAADE14D61F48CE008F105D8" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">
<emphasis id="151CF0D0547235C8C883B177DBFEDE9A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">
<emphasis id="28A2676C52D535690F0AA12104F41912" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">Number of vertebrae</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="51EAABC0DA9E911B7E07BAA614B9F724" baseAuthorityName="Cope" baseAuthorityYear="1868" class="Squamata" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tropidophis canus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="canus">
<emphasis id="F263398AD98E89B7AFBA1AC827162E9C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">Tropidophis canus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(UF Herp 20220): 193 (162+3+28, including a final fusion);
<taxonomicName id="45EB83EEAFB23C39A7741FFA1DFA66A9" authorityName="Barbour &amp; Shreve" authorityYear="1936" class="Squamata" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tropidophis greenwayi" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="greenwayi">
<emphasis id="86CFA2C2A65AC183068DB6CE5B69201C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">Tropidophis greenwayi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(UF Herp 42392): 193 (156+3+34, including a final fusion);
<taxonomicName id="875452AA49AAC4CF01A65C9CC1322CE4" baseAuthorityName="Cope" baseAuthorityYear="1879" class="Squamata" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tropidophis haetianus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="haetianus">
<emphasis id="73A5A9056E69DA83C17EE03AE0101603" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">Tropidophis haetianus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(UF Herp 59679): 216 (176+3+37, including a final fusion);
<taxonomicName id="7A2F2F22832E93CEEA00ADB393B32E9F" authorityName="Stull" authorityYear="1928" class="Squamata" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tropidophis jamaicensis" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jamaicensis">
<emphasis id="7BF3988F60072054FA9F11D7AEAC3DD9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">Tropidophis jamaicensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(NHMUK 1964.1239): 207 (173+3+31, including a final fusion).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9853AAA09CA0CBAE6963B3E98A28579F" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">
Data from the literature and unpublished data from personal communications:
<taxonomicName id="28E25016E54CBAEEAD3A0055A48A908C" authorityName="Ortega-Andrade, Bentley, Koch, Yanez-Munoz &amp; Entiauspe-Neto" authorityYear="2022" class="Squamata" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tropidophis cacuangoae" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cacuangoae">
<emphasis id="69AB8B540B6ADB807C06EFB1FCE0F6A3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">Tropidophis cacuangoae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: 157-160 trunk vertebrae plus 30-39 cloacal and caudal vertebrae, including a final fusion (
<bibRefCitation id="0AA9C4CB54A58B1F7289392E34661068" DOI="https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.854.2021" author="Ortega-Andrade, HM" journalOrPublisher="European Journal of Taxonomy" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" pagination="1 - 107" refId="B416" refString="Ortega-Andrade, HM, Bentley, A, Koch, C, Yanez-Munoz, MH, Entiauspe-Neto, OM, 2022. A time relic: A new species of dwarf boa, Tropidophis Bibron, 1840 (Serpentes: Amerophidia), from the Upper Amazon Basin. European Journal of Taxonomy 854: 1 - 107, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.854.2021" title="A time relic: A new species of dwarf boa, Tropidophis Bibron, 1840 (Serpentes: Amerophidia), from the Upper Amazon Basin." url="https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.854.2021" volume="854" year="2022">Ortega-Andrade et al. 2022</bibRefCitation>
);
<taxonomicName id="9CE3E3DE57060D7FEA9D3AA59D1C8C65" baseAuthorityName="Cope" baseAuthorityYear="1879" class="Squamata" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tropidophis haetianus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="haetianus">
<emphasis id="3230992BCC126E6C6C49532DBAB39AD7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">Tropidophis haetianus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: 192 trunk vertebrae plus 4 cloacal vertebrae plus 38 caudal vertebrae (NHMUK 1897.12.31.6; Jason Head, unpublished data, personal communication to GLG);
<taxonomicName id="174B34EB42782DBB3E58AFB38AD5BBDB" baseAuthorityName="Schlegel" baseAuthorityYear="1837" class="Squamata" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tropidophis melanurus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="melanurus">
<emphasis id="4EADE13DDEAE1746410920F7C35FE272" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">Tropidophis melanurus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: ~196-198 trunk and cloacal vertebrae plus 41 caudal vertebrae (
<bibRefCitation id="FA968EEFD381A5D2A69C9626F678AF5D" author="Alexander, AA" journalOrPublisher="Zoologische Mededelingen" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" pagination="171 - 190" refId="B10" refString="Alexander, AA, Gans, C, 1966. The pattern of dermal-vertebral correlation in snakes and amphisbaenians. Zoologische Mededelingen 31: 171 - 190" title="The pattern of dermal-vertebral correlation in snakes and amphisbaenians." volume="31" year="1966">Alexander and Gans 1966</bibRefCitation>
);
<taxonomicName id="350C35718F001FECCCFA5CB53AED7DF8" baseAuthorityName="Gundlach &amp; Peters" baseAuthorityYear="1864" class="Squamata" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tropidophis semicinctus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="semicinctus">
<emphasis id="C44316617D84578E1CDAADBC3D1056FD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="717">Tropidophis semicinctus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: 211 trunk and cloacal vertebrae plus 37+ caudal vertebrae (
<bibRefCitation id="6945AF2D8E820BF75158368FDBB1CB59" author="Alexander, AA" journalOrPublisher="Zoologische Mededelingen" pageId="0" pageNumber="717" pagination="171 - 190" refId="B10" refString="Alexander, AA, Gans, C, 1966. The pattern of dermal-vertebral correlation in snakes and amphisbaenians. Zoologische Mededelingen 31: 171 - 190" title="The pattern of dermal-vertebral correlation in snakes and amphisbaenians." volume="31" year="1966">Alexander and Gans 1966</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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