treatments-xml/data/14/45/4C/14454C1E80933547BCAA5F580F7A6F05.xml
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<mods:title id="E0D8552EAAB4FD4B1EDB0497D94BEF86">Revision of genus Pericalus from China, with descriptions of four new species (Carabidae, Lebiini, Pericalina)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="B145AA80334A4824C19F685F71ED3AA7">Shi, Hongliang</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="42B686F5996AC553D1396ABC7D6A3D24">Liang, Hongbin</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="14454C1E80933547BCAA5F580F7A6F05" ID-GBIF-Taxon="143970618" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:14454C1E80933547BCAA5F580F7A6F05" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/14454C1E80933547BCAA5F580F7A6F05" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="18" pageNumber="37">
<subSubSection id="9A266AD8F6AD6143C375F55C8E080250" pageId="18" pageNumber="37" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="C24F648B16A0ED36BE5EB98D7EF20758" pageId="18" pageNumber="37">
<taxonomicName id="BB0B87835B16E84B8337216982862D89" ID-CoL="8M6M7" authority="Fedorenko, 2017" authorityName="Fedorenko" authorityYear="2017" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pericalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pericalus obtusipennis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obtusipennis">
<pageBreakToken id="3C37564E1C8E9AD262518DDD0358BD75" pageId="18" pageNumber="37" start="start">Pericalus</pageBreakToken>
(s. str.) obtusipennis Fedorenko, 2017
</taxonomicName>
Figs 15, 27, 35, 49, 50, 60
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="359FC397EE76C7F556972B8E591493B4" pageId="19" pageNumber="38" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="65C301E39963C36CCB1C8D71E7BF9255" pageId="19" pageNumber="38">
<bibRefCitation id="FC874DD4C5D7CCB3704E8CC30E4335F2" author="Fedorenko, DN" journalOrPublisher="Russian Entomological Journal" pageId="24" pageNumber="43" pagination="303 - 312" title="A new species of Pericalus s. str. (Coleoptera: Carabidae, Lebiini) from Vietnam, with notes on some Oriental members of the subgenus." volume="26" year="2017">
<pageBreakToken id="87385DD21485082BB47671A9FDE6F13F" pageId="19" pageNumber="38" start="start">Fedorenko</pageBreakToken>
2017
</bibRefCitation>
: 308 (type locality: Vietnam [Lao Cai]; holotype in ZMMU).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="EFE7F1FA65B985F2CD8333D251FDFFC4" pageId="19" pageNumber="38" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="6AD56E1477743E72C1E7CA29CE94724E" pageId="19" pageNumber="38">Material examined</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D702154784F088F0A51B10CD690671DC" pageId="19" pageNumber="38">(7 ex.). 1 male (IZAS), &quot;China, Yunnan prov., Nujiang, Lushui county, Pianma town, Gangfang vill., Xiaobadi; 2051 m, 2015.VI.9, light trap, Yang X.D. lgt.&quot;; 2 males (IZAS), &quot;China, Yunnan prov., Lushui county, Pianma township, 1900m&quot;. 1 male (IZAS), &quot;CHINA, Yunnan Prov., Lushui Co., Pianma, Ganheluo, riverside, 26.06210N, 98.61966E, 2100 m, 2005.V.13 day, Liang H.B. collector&quot;. 1 male (IZAS), &quot;CHINA, Yunnan Prov., Tengchong Co., Wuhe, Zhengding Forest station, 24.85458N, 98.73743E &quot;; 1828 m, 2005.V.26 N, Liang H.B. collector&quot;. 1 female (IZAS), &quot;CHINA, Yunnan Prov., Longling Co., Longjiang, Xiaoheishan, riverside, 24.82888N, 98.76001E, 2020 m, 2005.V.26 N, Kavanaugh D. collector&quot;. 1 female (IZAS), &quot;Yunnan, Yingjiang county, Famuchang, 1770 m, 1980.IV.16, Li Hongxing leg&quot;.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D7C846B16091A0EB395E2BEBBD167587" pageId="19" pageNumber="38" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="6891735B4E4DB59ADAA979B71330B150" pageId="19" pageNumber="38">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2D95FB657025893B542DCDCB0D08C234" pageId="19" pageNumber="38">Medium body size, length 8.8-10.8 mm; dorsal surface black, elytra with faint cupreous hue; anterior patch zigzag, three to five intervals in width; when widest, occupying the third to seventh intervals; posterior patch separated, composed of four small spots, in intervals 2-3, 4-5, 6, and 7-8 respectively. Pronotum transverse, PW/PL 1.55-1.60; lateral margins sinuate before posterior angles; disc with very fine wrinkles. Elytra flat; apex slightly curved; outer apical angles rounded; sutural angles blunt; third interval with three setigerous pores, the middle one at approximately anterior three-fifth; eighth and ninth intervals with sparse fine setae. Median lobe of aedeagus strongly dilated, total length / greatest width approximately 3.7 (Fig. 35).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FAA71BE566C66E15D694403E79FC525D" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="19" pageNumber="38" type="comparisons">
<paragraph id="FBE6C693762AAA543EAA57B1FB649E42" pageId="19" pageNumber="38">Comparison.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1F9A5269FEA44DC0BFA99CA913205746" pageId="19" pageNumber="38">
This species is most similar with
<taxonomicName id="DD25C80081421B75EB1FFD35461E96C7" lsidName="P. obscuratus" pageId="19" pageNumber="38" rank="species" species="obscuratus">P. obscuratus</taxonomicName>
sp. n. in the genus. For comparisons between them, see Comparison section of that new species.
<taxonomicName id="89A2F2A95B3E839DAB16BB5A4646557E" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pericalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pericalus obtusipennis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obtusipennis">Pericalus obtusipennis</taxonomicName>
is also very similar to
<taxonomicName id="D1D5642F2CB61DE451C093CCF4538C55" lsidName="P. distinctus" pageId="19" pageNumber="38" rank="species" species="distinctus">P. distinctus</taxonomicName>
from India and Myanmar. Detailed discussions on these two species are provided below.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="13F86A799CCF01D0D2748ED332B425B1" pageId="19" pageNumber="38">
<taxonomicName id="05F8521494F67BE8A28A6259876BEF34" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pericalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pericalus obtusipennis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obtusipennis">Pericalus obtusipennis</taxonomicName>
might be confused with
<taxonomicName id="526301B5A6EDFF14E40A7C3D84845CE4" lsidName="P. ornatus" pageId="19" pageNumber="38" rank="species" species="ornatus">P. ornatus</taxonomicName>
or
<taxonomicName id="944DB469ED20BBD05B435278A2303834" lsidName="P. acutidens" pageId="19" pageNumber="38" rank="species" species="acutidens">P. acutidens</taxonomicName>
due to their similar elytra pattern and sympatric distribution. But
<taxonomicName id="5750DC54719E5BF37DCB9B90F3313D3C" lsidName="P. obtusipennis" pageId="19" pageNumber="38" rank="species" species="obtusipennis">P. obtusipennis</taxonomicName>
is different from the latter two species in several external characters: (1) elytral outer apical angles rounded in
<taxonomicName id="67CF4596CABCFC029EFB7A1AEDF95D38" lsidName="P. obtusipennis" pageId="19" pageNumber="38" rank="species" species="obtusipennis">P. obtusipennis</taxonomicName>
; acuminate, acute or obtuse in other two species; (2) elytral anterior patch zigzag in
<taxonomicName id="82E04407D438C35B238DCC0E6EEE2CBD" lsidName="P. obtusipennis" pageId="19" pageNumber="38" rank="species" species="obtusipennis">P. obtusipennis</taxonomicName>
, always very narrow and strongly transverse (similar to that in
<taxonomicName id="87B62808FE2C91CA633C01C5C4EE2FD0" lsidName="P. acutidens" pageId="19" pageNumber="38" rank="species" species="acutidens">P. acutidens</taxonomicName>
); but rounded or nearly rounded in
<taxonomicName id="2591ED7EDCBDE57B9369CF9DD31586E0" lsidName="P. ornatus" pageId="19" pageNumber="38" rank="species" species="ornatus">P. ornatus</taxonomicName>
, rarely somewhat zigzag, but wider; (3) in
<taxonomicName id="413057F2E3955C5455C54D3892CABFA7" lsidName="P. obtusipennis" pageId="19" pageNumber="38" rank="species" species="obtusipennis">P. obtusipennis</taxonomicName>
, elytral posterior patches always with a separate small spot on the sixth interval, placed much beyond to that in the fourth and fifth intervals (Fig. 15); in the other two species, spot in sixth interval usually absent (Figs 9, 10); if present, adjacent to the larger spot in the fourth and fifth interval (Figs 11, 12); (4) all three species with very faint metallic hue on elytra, but cupreous in
<taxonomicName id="8CCAEED5781A73B7C5FF556A810ECCEF" lsidName="P. obtusipennis" pageId="19" pageNumber="38" rank="species" species="obtusipennis">P. obtusipennis</taxonomicName>
and cyan in the other two species. Moreover,
<taxonomicName id="0D898CE4C56B699E217339C3C2166838" lsidName="P. obtusipennis" pageId="19" pageNumber="38" rank="species" species="obtusipennis">P. obtusipennis</taxonomicName>
has the median lobe of the aedeagus strongly dilated, very different from those of all other known species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="898575B4FD27622563E21CBE061A6042" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="19" pageNumber="38">
From the elytral pattern and outer angle,
<taxonomicName id="4E9AA0D2A2BF9E0374B4E3D531AE0FC2" lsidName="P. obtusipennis" pageId="19" pageNumber="38" rank="species" species="obtusipennis">P. obtusipennis</taxonomicName>
is also similar to
<taxonomicName id="06B17C95266E014620FD9B10E084CC28" lsidName="P. amplus" pageId="19" pageNumber="38" rank="species" species="amplus">P. amplus</taxonomicName>
with which it is sympatric with in Yunnan and N. Vietnam. These two species can be
<pageBreakToken id="AA6A12397EB72A541421E46798786D9D" pageId="20" pageNumber="39" start="start">distinguished</pageBreakToken>
by: (1)
<taxonomicName id="496DB0CEF54EFA9B3EB2F1C0D169AE8F" lsidName="P. obtusipennis" pageId="20" pageNumber="39" rank="species" species="obtusipennis">P. obtusipennis</taxonomicName>
with three setigerous pores in elytral third interval;
<taxonomicName id="56DC46C0E931023B85251D0BE0C186C3" lsidName="P. amplus" pageId="20" pageNumber="39" rank="species" species="amplus">P. amplus</taxonomicName>
with four pores; (2) wrinkles along inner margin of eyes a little coarser and sparser in
<taxonomicName id="E9F170D21F0935BD3CD1F89E2EEF486E" lsidName="P. obtusipennis" pageId="20" pageNumber="39" rank="species" species="obtusipennis">P. obtusipennis</taxonomicName>
, with 7-8 wrinkles on each side; a little finer and denser in
<taxonomicName id="028D9482D035AFFCAF66CFB48F0F3199" lsidName="P. amplus" pageId="20" pageNumber="39" rank="species" species="amplus">P. amplus</taxonomicName>
, with 9-10 wrinkles on each side; (3) elytra a little more convex in
<taxonomicName id="6FFB5606AD9F7E8BCDDF38FAEA3FE94C" lsidName="P. amplus" pageId="20" pageNumber="39" rank="species" species="amplus">P. amplus</taxonomicName>
; (4) male genitalia very different (Figs 35, 40).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6BEAA5E6A8BBAC8524A6D759FF2A89E9" pageId="20" pageNumber="39" type="description">
<paragraph id="EBF65996F4399336482101765FB65E71" pageId="20" pageNumber="39">Supplemental description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E1151D022386924CC24455D1385E8A9E" pageId="20" pageNumber="39">Male genitalia (Fig. 35). Median lobe of aedeagus rather stout, total length / greatest width approximately 3.7 (in lateral view), strongly dilated after basal bend, and abruptly narrowed before apical lamella; ventral margin nearly straight in the middle, dorsal margin evenly curved; apical orifice large, reaching one third length of the median lobe, opened to the left; apical lamella small, digitiform, length approximately 1.5 times as basal width; endophallus with fine scales all through length, without spines. Female genitalia. Internal reproductive system (Fig. 50): spermatheca pedunculate, inserted on the joint of common oviduct and bursa copulatrix; spermathecal body fusiform, longer than the pedicel; spermathecal gland inserted on the joint of spermathecal pedicel, apex shortly dilated. Gonocoxite 2 of ovipositor (Fig. 49) scimitar-shaped, abruptly bent to the outer side at apical fourth; length approximately six times as basal width; outer margin with four dorsolateral ensiform setae, the basal one much finer than the other three; inner margin with one doromedial ensiform seta near apex.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="87E2CEC73338ABD56EC57B592CD8F277" pageId="20" pageNumber="39" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="24609E92FF150038A2A91881DDBCE451" pageId="20" pageNumber="39">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="59E6A8D46B33210568A095B98B3DFC8A" pageId="20" pageNumber="39">
Vietnam (Lao Cai), China (Yunnan) (Fig. 60). This species is sympatric with
<taxonomicName id="A840364A6083FFD0E319B83113C2A1C1" lsidName="P. acutidens" pageId="20" pageNumber="39" rank="species" species="acutidens">P. acutidens</taxonomicName>
sp. n. in west Yunnan, but seems to prefer a higher elevation (1700-2000 m) and is much rarer.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="07B2C41A940A4C3C96813F78182D9E69" pageId="20" pageNumber="39" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="BE3FE058C13FCF60CD15950355F81382" pageId="20" pageNumber="39">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="97568777DF412724987471E5F96BCE68" pageId="20" pageNumber="39">
The little known species
<taxonomicName id="7E3E221CA73D2BBF8E1B967810C12ED4" lsidName="P. distinctus" pageId="20" pageNumber="39" rank="species" species="distinctus">P. distinctus</taxonomicName>
Dupuis, recorded from India and Myanmar, is very similar to
<taxonomicName id="86C848C0B26070A55C82F828AC7063FE" lsidName="P. obtusipennis" pageId="20" pageNumber="39" rank="species" species="obtusipennis">P. obtusipennis</taxonomicName>
. From the very brief original description (
<bibRefCitation id="BE1D0A75E311B317650E76C85A93BA33" author="Dupuis, P" journalOrPublisher="Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique" pageId="24" pageNumber="43" pagination="81 - 87" title="H. Sauter's Formosa-Ausbeute. (3 e contribution). Carabidae." volume="57" year="1913">Dupuis 1913</bibRefCitation>
) and comments added later (
<bibRefCitation id="663E1F0055D196128F288EE806185E95" author="Andrewes, HE" journalOrPublisher="The Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London (B)" pageId="24" pageNumber="43" pagination="185 - 190" title="Keys to some Indian genera of Carabidae (Col.). IX. The genera Pericalus and Catascopus." volume="6" year="1937">Andrewes 1937</bibRefCitation>
), diagnostic characters of
<taxonomicName id="75EFF9013621F32069F0F4EC50C00212" lsidName="P. distinctus" pageId="20" pageNumber="39" rank="species" species="distinctus">P. distinctus</taxonomicName>
can be summarized as follows: elytral outer apical angles rounded or obtuse; elytral anterior patch composed of a transverse band, in intervals third to sixth, slightly obliquely backwards on each side; posterior patch similar to that of
<taxonomicName id="CA65761E6899272B79AFBC22446024F6" lsidName="P. ornatus" pageId="20" pageNumber="39" rank="species" species="ornatus">P. ornatus</taxonomicName>
; third interval with three setigerous pores; legs and antennae pale reddish brown, much lighter than
<taxonomicName id="FAA389D1B2D170156DC5F3A3098BE7E5" lsidName="P. ornatus" pageId="20" pageNumber="39" rank="species" species="ornatus">P. ornatus</taxonomicName>
. Most of these characters agree with those of
<taxonomicName id="0CC1555FA53BCB942184C12EEA20313E" lsidName="P. obtusipennis" pageId="20" pageNumber="39" rank="species" species="obtusipennis">P. obtusipennis</taxonomicName>
, except for pale legs and antennae. We did not examine any confirmed material of
<taxonomicName id="361FDB1001D122BCCAD10FAF54CD70D0" lsidName="P. distinctus" pageId="20" pageNumber="39" rank="species" species="distinctus">P. distinctus</taxonomicName>
in the present study and cannot compare it with
<taxonomicName id="1E551D7D294E5CBE12D4722405614A99" lsidName="P. obtusipennis" pageId="20" pageNumber="39" rank="species" species="obtusipennis">P. obtusipennis</taxonomicName>
further. But, with the very distinctive male genitalia, our examined specimens from Yunnan can be readily identified as
<taxonomicName id="4FB111EB8A2DD30A08A49A2C235DEB74" lsidName="P. obtusipennis" pageId="20" pageNumber="39" rank="species" species="obtusipennis">P. obtusipennis</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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