479 lines
53 KiB
XML
479 lines
53 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="056194E84EB8462FD7728882FE929FB1">A review of the genus Kiwaia Philpott, 1930 (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) in the Palaearctic Region</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03E9725F3F5BFFC074FEFC62FE08F418" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6062799" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119381400" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6062799" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E9725F3F5BFFC074FEFC62FE08F418" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E9725F3F5BFFC074FEFC62FE08F418" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="477" pageId="5" pageNumber="476">
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<paragraph id="8BFFC3493F5BFFC374FEFC62FD31F602" blockId="5.[151,717,1015,1075]" box="[151,717,1015,1042]" pageId="5" pageNumber="476">
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<heading id="D0B774253F5BFFC374FEFC62FD31F602" bold="true" box="[151,717,1015,1042]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="476" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C40B8CA3F5BFFC374FEFC62FD31F602" ID-CoL="935VQ" authority="Povolny, 1968" authorityName="Povolny" authorityYear="1968" box="[151,717,1015,1042]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Kiwaia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="476" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palaearctica" subGenus="Empista">
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<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F5BFFC374FEFC62FD31F602" bold="true" box="[151,717,1015,1042]" pageId="5" pageNumber="476">
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<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F5BFFC374FEFC62FF10F601" bold="true" box="[151,236,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="476">Kiwaia</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F5BFFC37495FC62FEA3F601" bold="true" box="[252,351,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="476">Empista</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F5BFFC37518FC62FDFAF601" bold="true" box="[369,518,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="476">palaearctica</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD1BEB83F5BFFC3767DFC6DFD39F602" author="Povolny" box="[532,709,1016,1042]" pageId="5" pageNumber="476" refString="Povolny, D. (1968) Drei neue Arten une eine neue Gattung der Tribus Gnorimoschemini (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidea) aus Nepal. Khumbu Hemal, 3 (1), 116 - 123." type="journal article" year="1968">Povolný, 1968</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BFFC3493F5BFFC374FEFB8FFE75F623" blockId="5.[151,717,1015,1075]" box="[151,393,1050,1075]" pageId="5" pageNumber="476">
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(
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<figureCitation id="137BDFCC3F5BFFC374F6FB8FFEFFF623" box="[159,259,1050,1075]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 10" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1870,1893]" captionTargetBox="[200,1377,193,1814]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[187,1392,193,1828]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 10. Adults of Kiwaia (Empista) spp. 1, K. (E.) dryosyrta (Meyrick), HT, ♂ (India); 2, K. (E.) p. palaearctica (Povolný), HT, ♂ (Nepal); 3, K. (E.) p. palaearctica (Povolný), ♂ (Nepal); 4, K. (E.) p. palaearctica (Povolný), ♂ (Nepal); 5, K. (E.) p. secunda (Povolný), HT, ♂ (Nepal; 6, K. (E.) mengdana sp. n., HT, ♂ (China: Qinghai); 7, K. (E.) kostjuki (Povolný), HT, ♂ (Russia: Zabaikalskyi krai); 8, K. (E.) kostjuki (Povolný), ♀ (China: Hebei); 9, K. (E.) kostjuki (China: Hebei); 10, K. (E.) nyingchiensis sp. n., HT, ♂ (China: Xizang)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265643/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="476">Figs 2–5</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="137BDFCC3F5BFFC37566FB8EFEA4F623" box="[271,344,1051,1075]" captionStart="FIGURES 28 – 35" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1851,1874]" captionTargetBox="[199,1384,209,1809]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[171,1407,193,1821]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 28 – 35. Male genitalia of Kiwaia (Empista) spp. 28, K. (E.) dryosyrta (Meyrick), HT (India), slide J. F. G. C. 8252; 29, K. (E.) p. secunda (Povolný), HT (Nepal), slide Jp. 4834; 30, K. (E.) p. palaearctica (Povolný), HT (Nepal), slide Mn. 3112, ZSM 1092; 31, K. (E.) p. palaearctica (Povolný) (Nepal), slide no. 22746; 32, K. (E.) mengdana sp. n., HT (China: Qinghai), slide no. L 95446; 33, K. (E.) kostjuki (Povolný), HT (Russia: Zabaikalskyi krai), slide Bdz. 31; 34, K. (E.) kostjuki (Povolný), PT (Russia: Zabaikalskyi krai), slide (without number); 35, K. (E.) kostjuki (Povolný) (China: Hebei), prep. in glycerol (= slide no. OB 7 / 14)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265646/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="476">29–31</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="137BDFCC3F5BFFC3750AFB8FFE7CF623" box="[355,384,1050,1075]" captionStart="FIGURES 54 – 56" captionStartId="23.[151,264,1881,1904]" captionTargetBox="[167,1412,215,1850]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[151,1436,193,1860]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURES 54 – 56. Female genitalia of Kiwaia (Empista) spp. 54, K. (E.) p. palaearctica (Povolný) (Nepal), slide no. 22745; 55, K. (E.) kostjuki (Povolný) (China: Hebei), slide no. OB 124 / 13; 56, K. (E.) kostjuki (Povolný) (China: Hebei), slide no. L 03054." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265650/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="476">54</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C35A90C23F5BFFC374FEFBF6FBA2F6C4" pageId="5" pageNumber="476" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BFFC3493F5BFFC374FEFBF6FCF4F668" blockId="5.[151,1180,1122,1236]" box="[151,776,1122,1144]" pageId="5" pageNumber="476">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB50E4673F5BFFC374FEFBF6FCF4F668" box="[151,776,1122,1144]" pageId="5" pageNumber="476">
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<taxonomicName id="4C40B8CA3F5BFFC374FEFBF6FDC1F668" ID-CoL="93G9S" authority="Povolny, 1968: 117" authorityName="Povolny" authorityPageNumber="117" authorityYear="1968" box="[151,573,1122,1144]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Empista" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="476" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palaearctica">
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<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F5BFFC374FEFBF6FE93F668" box="[151,367,1123,1144]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="476">Empista palaearctica</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AE1E5583F5BFFC3751CFBF7FDC1F668" author="Povolny" box="[373,573,1122,1144]" page="117" pageId="5" pageNumber="476" year="1968">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD1BEB83F5BFFC3751CFBF7FDF0F668" author="Povolny" box="[373,524,1122,1144]" pageId="5" pageNumber="476" refString="Povolny, D. (1968) Drei neue Arten une eine neue Gattung der Tribus Gnorimoschemini (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidea) aus Nepal. Khumbu Hemal, 3 (1), 116 - 123." type="journal article" year="1968">Povolný, 1968</bibRefCitation>
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: 117
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<figureCitation id="137BDFCC3F5BFFC37621FBF7FD63F668" box="[584,671,1122,1144]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 10" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1870,1893]" captionTargetBox="[200,1377,193,1814]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[187,1392,193,1828]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 10. Adults of Kiwaia (Empista) spp. 1, K. (E.) dryosyrta (Meyrick), HT, ♂ (India); 2, K. (E.) p. palaearctica (Povolný), HT, ♂ (Nepal); 3, K. (E.) p. palaearctica (Povolný), ♂ (Nepal); 4, K. (E.) p. palaearctica (Povolný), ♂ (Nepal); 5, K. (E.) p. secunda (Povolný), HT, ♂ (Nepal; 6, K. (E.) mengdana sp. n., HT, ♂ (China: Qinghai); 7, K. (E.) kostjuki (Povolný), HT, ♂ (Russia: Zabaikalskyi krai); 8, K. (E.) kostjuki (Povolný), ♀ (China: Hebei); 9, K. (E.) kostjuki (China: Hebei); 10, K. (E.) nyingchiensis sp. n., HT, ♂ (China: Xizang)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265643/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="476">Figs 1–1</figureCitation>
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a, 2–2a, 3.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BFFC3493F5BFFC374FEFB17FD60F687" blockId="5.[151,1180,1122,1236]" box="[151,668,1153,1175]" pageId="5" pageNumber="476">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB50E4673F5BFFC374FEFB17FD60F687" box="[151,668,1153,1175]" pageId="5" pageNumber="476">
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<taxonomicName id="4C40B8CA3F5BFFC374FEFB17FD64F687" ID-CoL="93LL8" authority="Povolny, 1976: 179" authorityName="Povolny" authorityPageNumber="179" authorityYear="1976" box="[151,664,1153,1175]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Empista" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="476" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="palaearctica" subSpecies="secunda">
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<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F5BFFC374FEFB17FE34F686" box="[151,456,1153,1175]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="476">Empista palaearctica secunda</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AE1E5583F5BFFC375A6FB14FD64F687" author="Povolny" box="[463,664,1153,1175]" page="179" pageId="5" pageNumber="476" year="1976">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD1BEB83F5BFFC375A6FB14FD99F687" author="Povolny" box="[463,613,1153,1175]" pageId="5" pageNumber="476" refString="Povolny, D. (1976). Two new species of the genus Empista Povolny from Nepal (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae). Acta entomologica bohemoslovaca, 73, 174 - 182." type="journal article" year="1976">Povolný, 1976</bibRefCitation>
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: 179
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BFFC3493F5BFFC374FEFB34FBA2F6C4" blockId="5.[151,1180,1122,1236]" pageId="5" pageNumber="476">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB50E4673F5BFFC374FEFB34FBA2F6C4" pageId="5" pageNumber="476">
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<taxonomicName id="4C40B8CA3F5BFFC374FEFB34FCF8F6A6" ID-CoL="935VQ" authority="Povolny, 1976" authorityName="Povolny" authorityYear="1976" box="[151,772,1184,1206]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Kiwaia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="476" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="palaearctica" subGenus="Empista" subSpecies="palaearctica">
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<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F5BFFC374FEFB34FF1CF6A6" box="[151,224,1185,1206]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="476">Kiwaia</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F5BFFC37486FB34FEBEF6A6" box="[239,322,1185,1206]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="476">Empista</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F5BFFC37539FB35FDA9F6A5" box="[336,597,1184,1205]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="476">palaearctica palaearctica</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD1BEB83F5BFFC3760BFB35FD07F6A6" author="Povolny" box="[610,763,1184,1206]" pageId="5" pageNumber="476" refString="Povolny, D. (1976). Two new species of the genus Empista Povolny from Nepal (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae). Acta entomologica bohemoslovaca, 73, 174 - 182." type="journal article" year="1976">Povolný, 1976</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
|
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:
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<treatmentCitation id="0AE1E5583F5BFFC37764FB35FC38F6A6" author="Sattler" box="[781,964,1184,1206]" page="234" pageId="5" pageNumber="476" year="1988">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD1BEB83F5BFFC37764FB35FC6EF6A6" author="Sattler" box="[781,914,1184,1206]" pageId="5" pageNumber="476" refString="Sattler, K. (1988) The systematic status of the genera Ilseopsis Povolny, 1965, and Empista Povolny, 1968 (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae: Gnorimoschemini). Nota lepidopterologica, 10 (4), 224 - 235." type="journal article" year="1988">Sattler, 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 234
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
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;
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0AE1E5583F5BFFC377A7FB35FB64F6A6" author="Povolny" box="[974,1176,1184,1206]" page="101" pageId="5" pageNumber="476" year="2002">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD1BEB83F5BFFC377A7FB35FB9AF6A6" author="Povolny" box="[974,1126,1184,1206]" pageId="5" pageNumber="476" refString="Povolny, D. (2002) Iconographia tribus Gnorimoschemini (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) Regionis Palaearcticae. Verlag F. Slamka, Bratislava, 110 pp." type="book" year="2002">Povolný, 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 101
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
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.
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C40B8CA3F5BFFC374FEFB2AFD39F6C4" ID-CoL="93LM7" authority="Povolny, 1968" authorityName="Povolny" authorityYear="1968" box="[151,709,1214,1236]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Kiwaia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="476" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="palaearctica" subGenus="Empista" subSpecies="secunda">
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<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F5BFFC374FEFB2AFF1CF6C4" box="[151,224,1215,1236]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="476">Kiwaia</emphasis>
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(
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||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F5BFFC37486FB2AFEBEF6C4" box="[239,322,1215,1236]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="476">Empista</emphasis>
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)
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F5BFFC37539FB2AFDD5F6C4" box="[336,553,1215,1236]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="476">palaearctica secunda</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD1BEB83F5BFFC37646FB2BFD39F6C4" author="Povolny" box="[559,709,1214,1236]" pageId="5" pageNumber="476" refString="Povolny, D. (1968) Drei neue Arten une eine neue Gattung der Tribus Gnorimoschemini (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidea) aus Nepal. Khumbu Hemal, 3 (1), 116 - 123." type="journal article" year="1968">Povolný, 1968</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
|
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,
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AE1E5583F5BFFC376A6FB2BFC7AF6C4" author="Sattler" box="[719,902,1214,1236]" page="234" pageId="5" pageNumber="476" year="1988">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD1BEB83F5BFFC376A6FB2BFCAFF6C4" author="Sattler" box="[719,851,1214,1236]" pageId="5" pageNumber="476" refString="Sattler, K. (1988) The systematic status of the genera Ilseopsis Povolny, 1965, and Empista Povolny, 1968 (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae: Gnorimoschemini). Nota lepidopterologica, 10 (4), 224 - 235." type="journal article" year="1988">Sattler, 1988</bibRefCitation>
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: 234
|
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;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AE1E5583F5BFFC377F9FB2BFBA6F6C4" author="Povolny" box="[912,1114,1214,1236]" page="101" pageId="5" pageNumber="476" year="2002">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD1BEB83F5BFFC377F9FB2BFBD4F6C4" author="Povolny" box="[912,1064,1214,1236]" pageId="5" pageNumber="476" refString="Povolny, D. (2002) Iconographia tribus Gnorimoschemini (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) Regionis Palaearcticae. Verlag F. Slamka, Bratislava, 110 pp." type="book" year="2002">Povolný, 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 101
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35A90C23F5BFFC374FEFA94FE0AF44E" pageId="5" pageNumber="476" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFFC3493F5BFFC374FEFA94FEE7F7BA" blockId="5.[151,1437,1281,2026]" pageId="5" pageNumber="476">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F5BFFC374FEFA94FE7AF70A" bold="true" box="[151,390,1281,1306]" pageId="5" pageNumber="476">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
||
<typeStatus id="54FB7DEB3F5BFFC375FAFA94FE07F70A" box="[403,507,1281,1306]" pageId="5" pageNumber="476" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
♂ "
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35783D93F5BFFC3765AFA94FD87F70A" box="[563,635,1281,1306]" name="Nepal" pageId="5" pageNumber="476">Nepal</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Prov. Nr. 3 East Junbesi,
|
||
<quantity id="4CB86EAC3F5BFFC377ABFA94FBE3F709" box="[962,1055,1281,1306]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" pageId="5" pageNumber="476" unit="m" value="2750.0">2750 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFFEE5893F5BFFC37058FA94FB21F70A" box="[1073,1245,1281,1306]" pageId="5" pageNumber="476" value="1964-07-25" valueMax="1964-07-31" valueMin="1964-07-25">25–31.vii.1964</date>
|
||
, leg. W. Dierl", Staatsslg. Munchen", gen. prep. "Mn. 3132,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED515B8C3F5BFFC376FAFAB3FD31F72E" box="[659,717,1318,1342]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4b7r-7sec" name="Bavarian State Collection of Zoology" pageId="5" pageNumber="476">ZSM</collectionCode>
|
||
1092" (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED515B8C3F5BFFC37743FAB3FC95F72E" box="[810,873,1318,1342]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4b7r-7sec" name="Bavarian State Collection of Zoology" pageId="5" pageNumber="476">ZSM</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
<typeStatus id="54FB7DEB3F5BFFC37717FAB3FC13F72E" box="[894,1007,1318,1342]" pageId="5" pageNumber="476" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4608C03F5BFFC37792FAB3FBE3F72E" box="[1019,1055,1318,1342]" pageId="5" pageNumber="476" type="generic">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, 1♀, same data as
|
||
<typeStatus id="54FB7DEB3F5BFFC37092FAB0FA9CF72E" box="[1275,1376,1317,1342]" pageId="5" pageNumber="476" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, gen. slide no.
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED515B8C3F5BFFC3756BFADCFEBCF772" box="[258,320,1353,1378]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4b7r-7sec" name="Bavarian State Collection of Zoology" pageId="5" pageNumber="476">ZSM</collectionCode>
|
||
1095♂, 1096 ♀) (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED515B8C3F5BFFC37662FADFFDB6F772" box="[523,586,1354,1378]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4b7r-7sec" name="Bavarian State Collection of Zoology" pageId="5" pageNumber="476">ZSM</collectionCode>
|
||
). The
|
||
<typeStatus id="54FB7DEB3F5BFFC376FFFADCFD04F772" box="[662,760,1353,1378]" pageId="5" pageNumber="476" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C40B8CA3F5BFFC3774AFADFFBCBF772" box="[803,1079,1353,1378]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Kiwaia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="476" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="palaearctica" subSpecies="secunda">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F5BFFC3774AFADFFBCBF772" box="[803,1079,1353,1378]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="476">E. palaearctica secunda</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<typeStatus id="54FB7DEB3F5BFFC37020FADCFB4DF772" box="[1097,1201,1353,1378]" pageId="5" pageNumber="476" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
♂ "Tukucha, Palpa,
|
||
<date id="FFFEE5893F5BFFC374FEFAF8FF05F796" box="[151,249,1389,1414]" pageId="5" pageNumber="476" value="1968-05-06">6.v.1968</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CB86EAC3F5BFFC37563FAF8FE99F796" box="[266,357,1389,1414]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="5" pageNumber="476" unit="m" value="2600.0">2600 m</quantity>
|
||
" | "Jp. 4834", "
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35783D93F5BFFC37648FAF8FD95F796" box="[545,617,1389,1414]" name="Nepal" pageId="5" pageNumber="476">Nepal</collectingCountry>
|
||
, T. Kumata" |"
|
||
<typeStatus id="54FB7DEB3F5BFFC3777FFAF8FC7BF796" box="[790,903,1389,1414]" pageId="5" pageNumber="476" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, det. Povolný", gen. slide Jp. 4834 (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED515B8C3F5BFFC37150FAFBFA6CF796" box="[1337,1424,1390,1414]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/tc3a-fmpc" name="Staatliches Museum fuer Naturkunde Karlsruhe (State Museum of Natural History)" pageId="5" pageNumber="476">SMNK</collectionCode>
|
||
). Subspecies.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFFC3493F5BFFC374AEFA20FE0AF44E" blockId="5.[151,1437,1281,2026]" pageId="5" pageNumber="476">
|
||
Additional material examined.
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4608C03F5BFFC37650FA23FDA2F7DE" box="[569,606,1462,1486]" pageId="5" pageNumber="476" type="generic">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35783D93F5BFFC3761BFA20FD45F7DE" box="[626,697,1461,1486]" name="Nepal" pageId="5" pageNumber="476">Nepal</collectingCountry>
|
||
: 10500', Chautara dist., Choche Ridge,
|
||
<date id="FFFEE5893F5BFFC370C9FA20FAB8F7DE" box="[1184,1348,1461,1486]" pageId="5" pageNumber="476" value="1983-06-12" valueMax="1983-06-17" valueMin="1983-06-12">12–17.vi.1983</date>
|
||
, Allen, Brendell, Robinson, Tuck, Brit. Mus. 1983-222, Rhodo./ conifer forest;
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4608C03F5BFFC3778CFA4FFBF5F7E2" box="[997,1033,1498,1522]" pageId="5" pageNumber="476" type="generic">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, 2♀,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35783D93F5BFFC37039FA4CFB64F7E2" box="[1104,1176,1497,1522]" name="Nepal" pageId="5" pageNumber="476">Nepal</collectingCountry>
|
||
: 9500', Chautara dist., Nauling Lekh,
|
||
<date id="FFFEE5893F5BFFC37529FA68FE18F406" box="[320,484,1533,1558]" pageId="5" pageNumber="476" value="1983-06-11" valueMax="1983-06-20" valueMin="1983-06-11">11–20.vi.1983</date>
|
||
, Allen, Brendell, Robinson, Tuck, Brit. Mus. 1983-222, Rhodo./ conifer forest, B.M. Genitalia slide No. 22745 ♀, No. 22746 ♂;
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4608C03F5BFFC376F8F9B7FD4AF42A" box="[657,694,1570,1594]" pageId="5" pageNumber="476" type="generic">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35783D93F5BFFC376ADF9B4FCF7F42A" box="[708,779,1569,1594]" name="Nepal" pageId="5" pageNumber="476">Nepal</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<quantity id="4CB86EAC3F5BFFC37771F9B4FC8DF429" box="[792,881,1569,1594]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="476" unit="m" value="3500.0">3500 m</quantity>
|
||
, Chautara distr., Choche Lekh.,
|
||
<date id="FFFEE5893F5BFFC3708AF9B4FAABF42A" box="[1251,1367,1569,1594]" pageId="5" pageNumber="476" value="1983-07-09">9.vii.1983</date>
|
||
, M.G. Allen, BM 1984-136 (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED515B8C3F5BFFC375F9F9D3FE16F44E" box="[400,490,1606,1630]" pageId="5" pageNumber="476">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35A90C23F5BFFC074AEF9FCFB4BF008" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="477" pageId="5" pageNumber="476" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFFC3493F5BFFC374AEF9FCFAD6F526" blockId="5.[151,1437,1281,2026]" pageId="5" pageNumber="476">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F5BFFC374AEF9FCFEA5F492" bold="true" box="[199,345,1641,1666]" pageId="5" pageNumber="476">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Adult (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137BDFCC3F5BFFC375C6F9FCFDEBF492" box="[431,535,1641,1666]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 10" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1870,1893]" captionTargetBox="[200,1377,193,1814]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[187,1392,193,1828]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 10. Adults of Kiwaia (Empista) spp. 1, K. (E.) dryosyrta (Meyrick), HT, ♂ (India); 2, K. (E.) p. palaearctica (Povolný), HT, ♂ (Nepal); 3, K. (E.) p. palaearctica (Povolný), ♂ (Nepal); 4, K. (E.) p. palaearctica (Povolný), ♂ (Nepal); 5, K. (E.) p. secunda (Povolný), HT, ♂ (Nepal; 6, K. (E.) mengdana sp. n., HT, ♂ (China: Qinghai); 7, K. (E.) kostjuki (Povolný), HT, ♂ (Russia: Zabaikalskyi krai); 8, K. (E.) kostjuki (Povolný), ♀ (China: Hebei); 9, K. (E.) kostjuki (China: Hebei); 10, K. (E.) nyingchiensis sp. n., HT, ♂ (China: Xizang)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265643/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="476">Figs 2–5</figureCitation>
|
||
): Wingspan 13.5–16.5 mm. Head, thorax and tegulae covered with grey browntiped scales, frons lighter, light brown; labial palpus up-curved, grey with brown medial and subapical belts, inner surface of segment 2 light grey, segment 3 about 1.5 times shorter and narrower than segment 2, acute; scapus black, other antennal segments brown with whitish basal rings; forewing and tegulae black densely mottled with brown in fold, under base of costa and in cell, a few diffuse black spots on base, three black dots in cell, diffuse brown angulated subapical fascia on 3/4, termen black-spotted, cilia brown black-tipped; hindwing grey.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFFC3493F5BFFC374AEF8D4FD9AF56D" blockId="5.[151,1437,1281,2026]" pageId="5" pageNumber="476">Variation. Forewing varies from dark, blackish with poorly expresed brown pattern to light brown with black scales along costal margin and in termen.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFFC3493F5BFFC074AEF81CFF10F350" blockId="5.[151,1437,1281,2026]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1437,151,1544]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="477" pageId="5" pageNumber="476">
|
||
Male genitalia (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137BDFCC3F5BFFC37514F81CFDF8F5B2" box="[381,516,1929,1954]" captionStart="FIGURES 28 – 35" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1851,1874]" captionTargetBox="[199,1384,209,1809]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[171,1407,193,1821]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 28 – 35. Male genitalia of Kiwaia (Empista) spp. 28, K. (E.) dryosyrta (Meyrick), HT (India), slide J. F. G. C. 8252; 29, K. (E.) p. secunda (Povolný), HT (Nepal), slide Jp. 4834; 30, K. (E.) p. palaearctica (Povolný), HT (Nepal), slide Mn. 3112, ZSM 1092; 31, K. (E.) p. palaearctica (Povolný) (Nepal), slide no. 22746; 32, K. (E.) mengdana sp. n., HT (China: Qinghai), slide no. L 95446; 33, K. (E.) kostjuki (Povolný), HT (Russia: Zabaikalskyi krai), slide Bdz. 31; 34, K. (E.) kostjuki (Povolný), PT (Russia: Zabaikalskyi krai), slide (without number); 35, K. (E.) kostjuki (Povolný) (China: Hebei), prep. in glycerol (= slide no. OB 7 / 14)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265646/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="476">Figs 29–31</figureCitation>
|
||
): Uncus slightly broader than long, weakly narrowed apically, posterior margin broadly rounded; gnathos long, thin, sickle-shaped; tegumen moderately narrow, prolonged with deep anteromedial emargination; valva thin, extending to 1/2–2/3 length of uncus, of equal width but sligtly dilated apically, top weakly pointed; sacculus about 1/3 as long as valva, slender, weakly curved, acute; vinculum twice broader than long, anteromedial emargination shallow, vincular processes prolonged, apically rounded or triangular, separated from sacculus by wide gap, covered with short hairs; saccus short, tapered, slightly extending over the top of pedunculus; phallus gradually curved, caecum weakly inflated, 1/3 as long as distal portion, apical arm beakshaped.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFFC3493F58FFC074AEFED9FB4BF008" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,1544]" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">
|
||
Female genitalia (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137BDFCC3F58FFC075FDFED9FE17F375" box="[404,491,332,357]" captionStart="FIGURES 54 – 56" captionStartId="23.[151,264,1881,1904]" captionTargetBox="[167,1412,215,1850]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[151,1436,193,1860]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURES 54 – 56. Female genitalia of Kiwaia (Empista) spp. 54, K. (E.) p. palaearctica (Povolný) (Nepal), slide no. 22745; 55, K. (E.) kostjuki (Povolný) (China: Hebei), slide no. OB 124 / 13; 56, K. (E.) kostjuki (Povolný) (China: Hebei), slide no. L 03054." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265650/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">Fig. 54</figureCitation>
|
||
): Papilla analis sub-ovate, densely covered with short hairs; apophyses posteriores about four times as long as segment VIII; sternite VIII slightly longer than broad, subgenital plates broadened and distinctly projecting anteromedially, inner margins strongly edged and folded; ventromedail depression broad, covered with small microtrichia; subostial sclerite digitate, joined posteromedially; antrum one half length of apophyses anteriores, apohyses anteriores about as long as segment VIII; ductus bursae of moderate width, gradually broadend towards pyriform corpus bursae; signum reduced to short serrated sclerite.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35A90C23F58FFC074AEFDB1FCEBF14D" pageId="6" pageNumber="477" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFFC3493F58FFC074AEFDB1FCEBF14D" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,1544]" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F58FFC074AEFDB1FEC7F02D" bold="true" box="[199,315,548,573]" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C40B8CA3F58FFC0752AFDB0FDA0F02D" box="[323,604,548,573]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Kiwaia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="477" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palaearctica" subGenus="Empista">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F58FFC0752AFDB0FE68F02C" box="[323,404,549,572]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">Kiwaia</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F58FFC075CCFDB0FE42F02C" box="[421,446,549,572]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">E.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F58FFC075A6FDB1FDA0F02D" box="[463,604,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">palaearctica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has brown forewing densely mottled with grey-tipped scales along veins and particularly along costal margin.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C40B8CA3F58FFC0765FFDDCFD1FF070" box="[566,739,584,608]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Kiwaia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="477" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="centrica" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Empista">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F58FFC0765FFDDCFDACF070" box="[566,592,585,608]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">K.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F58FFC07609FDDCFD84F070" box="[608,632,585,608]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">E.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F58FFC076EEFDDCFD1FF070" box="[647,739,585,608]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">centrica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F58FFC07683FDD2FCD4F070" bold="true" box="[746,808,583,608]" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A207A2203F58FFC07683FDD2FCD4F070" box="[746,808,583,608]" pageId="6" pageNumber="477" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C40B8CA3F58FFC0775FFDDCFBD5F070" box="[822,1065,583,608]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Kiwaia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="477" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="septentrionala" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Empista">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F58FFC0775FFDDCFCACF070" box="[822,848,585,608]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">K.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F58FFC07736FDDCFC84F070" box="[863,888,585,608]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">E.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F58FFC077EEFDD2FBD5F070" box="[903,1065,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">septentrionala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F58FFC07046FDD2FB92F070" bold="true" box="[1071,1134,583,608]" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A207A2203F58FFC07046FDD2FB92F070" box="[1071,1134,583,608]" pageId="6" pageNumber="477" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C40B8CA3F58FFC070CDFDDCFAABF070" box="[1188,1367,584,608]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Kiwaia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="477" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="montana" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Empista">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F58FFC070CDFDDCFB42F070" box="[1188,1214,585,608]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">K.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F58FFC070A4FDDCFB1AF070" box="[1229,1254,585,608]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">E.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F58FFC0709CFDDCFAABF070" box="[1269,1367,585,608]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">montana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F58FFC07134FDD2FA60F070" bold="true" box="[1373,1436,583,608]" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A207A2203F58FFC07134FDD2FA60F070" box="[1373,1436,583,608]" pageId="6" pageNumber="477" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
may be confused with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C40B8CA3F58FFC075FFFDF8FD8AF095" box="[406,630,620,645]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Kiwaia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="477" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palaearctica" subGenus="Empista">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F58FFC075FFFDF8FE4DF094" box="[406,433,621,644]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">K.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F58FFC075A8FDF8FE25F094" box="[449,473,621,644]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">E.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F58FFC07583FDF9FD8AF095" box="[490,630,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">palaearctica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but dorsal margin of these species is usually lighter.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C40B8CA3F58FFC070BDFDF8FA60F095" box="[1236,1436,620,645]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Kiwaia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="477" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mengdana" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Empista">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F58FFC070BDFDF8FB12F094" box="[1236,1262,621,644]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">K.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F58FFC07097FDF8FAEBF094" box="[1278,1303,621,644]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">E.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F58FFC0714EFDF9FA60F095" box="[1319,1436,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">mengdana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F58FFC074FEFD1AFF2BF0B8" bold="true" box="[151,215,655,680]" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A207A2203F58FFC074FEFD1AFF2BF0B8" box="[151,215,655,680]" pageId="6" pageNumber="477" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is externally nearly indistinquishable,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C40B8CA3F58FFC076E3FD04FCC2F0B8" box="[650,830,655,680]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Kiwaia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="477" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="medogia" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Empista">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F58FFC076E3FD04FD58F0B8" box="[650,676,657,680]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">K.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F58FFC076DDFD04FD30F0B8" box="[692,716,657,680]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">E.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F58FFC076B4FD1AFCC2F0B8" box="[733,830,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">medogia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F58FFC0772DFD1AFC78F0B8" bold="true" box="[836,900,655,680]" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A207A2203F58FFC0772DFD1AFC78F0B8" box="[836,900,655,680]" pageId="6" pageNumber="477" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is also very similar, but darker. The differences from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C40B8CA3F58FFC074BCFD20FE6DF0DD" box="[213,401,692,717]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Kiwaia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="477" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dryosirta" subGenus="Empista">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F58FFC074BCFD20FF0CF0DC" box="[213,240,693,716]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">K.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F58FFC07569FD20FEE4F0DC" box="[256,280,693,716]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">E.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F58FFC07543FD21FE6DF0DD" box="[298,401,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">dryosirta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
see under that species. The male genitalia are similar in general to those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C40B8CA3F58FFC07099FD20FA60F0DD" box="[1264,1436,692,717]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Kiwaia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="477" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kostjuki" subGenus="Empista">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F58FFC07099FD20FAF6F0DC" box="[1264,1290,693,716]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">K.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F58FFC07172FD20FAC8F0DC" box="[1307,1332,693,716]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">E.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F58FFC0712CFD21FA60F0DD" box="[1349,1436,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">kostjuki</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C40B8CA3F58FFC074AEFD4CFE79F0E0" box="[199,389,727,752]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Gelechia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="477" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dryosyrta" subGenus="Empista">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F58FFC074AEFD4CFF1DF0E0" box="[199,225,729,752]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">K.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F58FFC07498FD4CFEF5F0E0" box="[241,265,729,752]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">E.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F58FFC07573FD42FE79F0E0" box="[282,389,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">dryosyrta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
having narrow sacculus, but differ in more slender phallus, the shorter valva and the broader gap between vincular processes and sacculus. The differences from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C40B8CA3F58FFC077E7FD68FBA9F105" box="[910,1109,764,789]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Kiwaia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="477" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mengdana" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Empista">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F58FFC077E7FD68FC54F104" box="[910,936,765,788]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">K.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F58FFC077D1FD68FC2CF104" box="[952,976,765,788]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">E.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F58FFC07789FD69FBA9F105" box="[992,1109,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">mengdana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F58FFC07035FD69FB67F105" bold="true" box="[1116,1179,764,789]" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A207A2203F58FFC07035FD69FB67F105" box="[1116,1179,764,789]" pageId="6" pageNumber="477" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
see under that species. The female genitalia are well recognizable by short signum in combination with the subgenital plates strongly projecting anteromedially and digitate subostial sclerites.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35A90C23F58FFC074AEFCF2FDC4F1D7" pageId="6" pageNumber="477" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFFC3493F58FFC074AEFCF2FDC4F1D7" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,1544]" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F58FFC074AEFCF2FEDBF190" bold="true" box="[199,295,871,896]" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">Biology.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C40B8CA3F58FFC07547FCFCFDBBF190" box="[302,583,871,896]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Kiwaia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="477" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palaearctica" subGenus="Empista">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F58FFC07547FCFCFE83F190" box="[302,383,873,896]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">Kiwaia</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F58FFC075F8FCFCFE55F190" box="[401,425,873,896]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">E.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F58FFC075D3FCF2FDBBF190" box="[442,583,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">palaearctica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
inhabits mist forest with oak,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C40B8CA3F58FFC077C8FCF2FBBAF190" box="[929,1094,871,896]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Rhododendron" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="6" pageNumber="477" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F58FFC077C8FCF2FBBAF190" box="[929,1094,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">Rhododendron</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/coniferous forest (nominative subspecies) and dry forest with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C40B8CA3F58FFC07596FC18FD24F1B5" box="[511,728,908,933]" class="Pinopsida" family="Cupressaceae" genus="Cupressus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="6" pageNumber="477" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="torulosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F58FFC07596FC18FD24F1B5" box="[511,728,908,933]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">Cupressus torulosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C40B8CA3F58FFC07683FC18FC4BF1B5" box="[746,951,908,933]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Kiwaia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="477" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="palaearctica" subGenus="Empista" subSpecies="secunda">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F58FFC07683FC18FCF8F1B4" box="[746,772,909,932]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">K.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F58FFC0777DFC18FCD1F1B4" box="[788,813,909,932]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">E.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F58FFC07757FC18FC4BF1B5" box="[830,951,908,933]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">p. secunda</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Adults fly from early May to late July at the altitudes from
|
||
<quantity id="4CB86EAC3F58FFC0750AFC3AFE44F1D7" box="[355,440,943,968]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="6" pageNumber="477" unit="m" value="2600.0">2600 m</quantity>
|
||
to
|
||
<quantity id="4CB86EAC3F58FFC075B5FC25FDC8F1D7" box="[476,564,944,968]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="477" unit="m" value="3000.0">3000 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35A90C23F58FFC074AEFC41FE08F418" pageId="6" pageNumber="477" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFFC3493F58FFC074AEFC41FE4EF1FD" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,1544]" box="[199,434,980,1005]" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F58FFC074AEFC41FE9CF1FD" bold="true" box="[199,352,980,1005]" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35783D93F58FFC0750EFC41FE52F1FD" box="[359,430,980,1005]" name="Nepal" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">Nepal</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFFC3493F58FFC074AEFC62FB93F745" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,1544]" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F58FFC074AEFC62FEEDF600" bold="true" box="[199,273,1015,1040]" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">Notes.</emphasis>
|
||
According to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD1BEB83F58FFC075DBFC62FD9DF600" author="Povolny" box="[434,609,1015,1040]" pageId="6" pageNumber="477" refString="Povolny, D. (1976). Two new species of the genus Empista Povolny from Nepal (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae). Acta entomologica bohemoslovaca, 73, 174 - 182." type="journal article" year="1976">Povolný (1976)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C40B8CA3F58FFC07601FC6CFCB4F600" box="[616,840,1015,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Kiwaia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="477" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palaearctica" subGenus="Empista">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F58FFC07601FC6CFD7FF600" box="[616,643,1017,1040]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">K.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F58FFC076FAFC6CFD57F600" box="[659,683,1017,1040]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">E.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F58FFC076D2FC62FCB4F600" box="[699,840,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">palaearctica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is separated into by two subspecies. Both subspecies are rather similar externally except that nominative subspecies looks brighter. The male genitalia of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C40B8CA3F58FFC07144FB88FF0FF648" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Kiwaia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="477" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="palaearctica" subGenus="Empista" subSpecies="secunda">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F58FFC07144FB88FABBF624" box="[1325,1351,1053,1076]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">K.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F58FFC07132FB88FA8FF624" box="[1371,1395,1053,1076]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">E.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F58FFC071EFFB88FF0FF648" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">p. secunda</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differ from those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C40B8CA3F58FFC075B7FBD4FD27F648" box="[478,731,1087,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Kiwaia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="477" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="palaearctica" subGenus="Empista" subSpecies="palaearctica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F58FFC075B7FBD4FE04F648" box="[478,504,1089,1112]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">K.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F58FFC07661FBD4FDDDF648" box="[520,545,1089,1112]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">E.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F58FFC07658FBD4FD27F648" box="[561,731,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">p. palaearctica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in phallus that is straight and its apical cornutus narrow, beakshaped. The phallus of nominative subspecies has caecum placed at obtuse angle and apical cornutus slightly stouter. Moreover, both subspecies differ in the shape of apical part of valva, that is oblique cut on inner margin in nominative subspecies and obtuse cut in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C40B8CA3F58FFC0760EFB38FCC8F6D5" box="[615,820,1196,1221]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Kiwaia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="477" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="palaearctica" subGenus="Empista" subSpecies="secunda">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F58FFC0760EFB38FD7DF6D4" box="[615,641,1197,1220]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">K.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F58FFC076FBFB38FD56F6D4" box="[658,682,1197,1220]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">E.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F58FFC076D2FB38FCC8F6D5" box="[699,820,1196,1221]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">p. secunda</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD1BEB83F58FFC0772AFB39FC0FF6D5" author="Povolny" box="[835,1011,1196,1221]" pageId="6" pageNumber="477" refString="Povolny, D. (1976). Two new species of the genus Empista Povolny from Nepal (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae). Acta entomologica bohemoslovaca, 73, 174 - 182." type="journal article" year="1976">Povolný (1976)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
mentioned that both subspecies were collected in different habitats, at different altitudes and in different time. The nominative subspecies was described from a series collected in mist-forest with prevalent oak in July at
|
||
<quantity id="4CB86EAC3F58FFC077E3FB61FC1CF71D" box="[906,992,1268,1293]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.984999999999999" pageId="6" pageNumber="477" unit="in" value="2750.0">2750 in</quantity>
|
||
East Junbesi, one female
|
||
<typeStatus id="54FB7DEB3F58FFC07161FB60FA94F71D" box="[1288,1384,1269,1293]" pageId="6" pageNumber="477" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
was collected at
|
||
<quantity id="4CB86EAC3F58FFC07548FA8DFE84F720" box="[289,376,1303,1328]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.366" pageId="6" pageNumber="477" unit="in" value="2900.0">2900 in</quantity>
|
||
Bujan Dudh Kosi-Tal.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C40B8CA3F58FFC076EDFA8CFCAFF720" box="[644,851,1303,1328]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Kiwaia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="477" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="palaearctica" subGenus="Empista" subSpecies="secunda">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F58FFC076EDFA8CFD62F720" box="[644,670,1305,1328]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">K.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F58FFC076C6FA8CFD3BF720" box="[687,711,1305,1328]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">E.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F58FFC076B0FA8CFCAFF720" box="[729,851,1303,1328]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">p. secunda</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was described from
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4608C03F58FFC0702BFA8DFB65F720" box="[1090,1177,1303,1328]" pageId="6" pageNumber="477" type="male">3 males</specimenCount>
|
||
collected in dry forest with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C40B8CA3F58FFC074A6FAA8FE5BF745" box="[207,423,1340,1365]" class="Pinopsida" family="Cupressaceae" genus="Cupressus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="6" pageNumber="477" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="torulosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F58FFC074A6FAA8FE5BF745" box="[207,423,1340,1365]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">Cupressus torulosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a dominant plant in early May at
|
||
<quantity id="4CB86EAC3F58FFC07728FAA9FC6AF744" box="[833,918,1340,1365]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="6" pageNumber="477" unit="m" value="2600.0">2600 m</quantity>
|
||
in Tukucha, Palpa.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFFC3493F58FFC074AEFACAFE08F418" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,1544]" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">
|
||
Additional specimens from BMNH collected in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C40B8CA3F58FFC0768FFACAFC77F768" box="[742,907,1375,1400]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Rhododendron" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="6" pageNumber="477" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F58FFC0768FFACAFC77F768" box="[742,907,1375,1400]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">Rhododendron</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/coniferous forest in mid-June at about
|
||
<quantity id="4CB86EAC3F58FFC0712EFAF5FA60F767" box="[1351,1436,1376,1400]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="477" unit="m" value="3000.0">3000 m</quantity>
|
||
fit well with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C40B8CA3F58FFC07547FA10FDCDF78D" box="[302,561,1412,1437]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Kiwaia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="477" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="palaearctica" subGenus="Empista" subSpecies="palaearctica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F58FFC07547FA10FEB5F78C" box="[302,329,1413,1436]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">K.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F58FFC07532FA10FE8FF78C" box="[347,371,1413,1436]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">E.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F58FFC075EFFA10FDCDF78D" box="[390,561,1412,1437]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">p. palaearctica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
both in the male and in the female genitalia. The above morphological and habitual differences seems sufficient to separate
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C40B8CA3F58FFC076A9FA3CFC5FF7D0" box="[704,931,1447,1472]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Kiwaia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="477" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palaearctica" subGenus="Empista">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F58FFC076A9FA3CFD26F7D0" box="[704,730,1449,1472]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">K.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F58FFC07685FA3CFCF9F7D0" box="[748,773,1449,1472]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">E.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F58FFC0777FFA32FC5FF7D0" box="[790,931,1447,1472]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">palaearctica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
into two subspecies. On the other hand it is quite possible that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C40B8CA3F58FFC07507FA58FDC1F7F5" box="[366,573,1484,1509]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Kiwaia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="477" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="palaearctica" subGenus="Empista" subSpecies="secunda">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F58FFC07507FA58FE74F7F4" box="[366,392,1485,1508]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">K.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F58FFC075F3FA58FE4EF7F4" box="[410,434,1485,1508]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">E.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B9341F5B3F58FFC075ADFA58FDC1F7F5" box="[452,573,1484,1509]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="477">p. secunda</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
will turn out to be a separate species after additional material including the unknown female is discovered.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |