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<document id="23C28E0312D0CEF54A7736E39E80A010" ID-DOI="10.12782/specdiv.26.297" ID-ISSN="2189-7301" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5739111" ID-ZooBank="1E87A39C-02DE-4710-BFEF-E5C2FBCD54FB" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1638231351736" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Nonaka, Masanori &amp; Hayashibara, Takeshi" docDate="2021" docId="CC5187C7FFDBFF98FC3BFB2CFC5EFA86" docLanguage="en" docName="SpeciesDiversity.26.2.297-342.pdf" docOrigin="Species Diversity 26" docStyle="DocumentStyle:27FECD2C3CD153DA405029F2D33C9514.7:SpeciesDiversity.2012-.journal_article" docStyleId="27FECD2C3CD153DA405029F2D33C9514" docStyleName="SpeciesDiversity.2012-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="7" docTitle="Hemicorallium regale" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="322" masterDocId="3068FFBFFFCEFF81FF9BFFDBFF84FFD7" masterDocTitle="A Report on Coralliidae (Cnidaria: Octocorallia) Specimens Collected from the Emperor Seamounts with Descriptions of Three New Species" masterLastPageNumber="342" masterPageNumber="297" pageNumber="318" updateTime="1699434610184" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="B3DAD739D61693F7E383CC06426B0202">A Report on Coralliidae (Cnidaria: Octocorallia) Specimens Collected from the Emperor Seamounts with Descriptions of Three New Species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="1A78EA121B33C6F0E35AD1E536F94079">Nonaka, Masanori</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="3E06698B3E8D1CEB1EE2776BB0CEBF4E">Okinawa Churashima Foundation Research Center, Motobu-cho, Okinawa 905 - 0206, Japan E-mail: m-nonaka @ okichura. jp &amp; Corresponding author</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="C4397720F58D1FBC9232DDF628A31B41">Hayashibara, Takeshi</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="B4F16DD62C83715A63DC05252068036F">Seikai National Fisheries Research Institute, Ishigaki, Okinawa 907 - 0451, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="9A92BB89B1C1F1818DA34B8E2620DDCC">Species Diversity</mods:title>
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<heading id="1F0F81BDFFDBFF94FC3BFB2CFAA8FAC7" box="[928,1324,1271,1296]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="21" pageNumber="318" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="83F84D52FFDBFF94FC3BFB2CFAA8FAC7" ID-CoL="6LPM6" authority="(Bayer, 1956)" baseAuthorityName="Bayer" baseAuthorityYear="1956" box="[928,1324,1271,1296]" class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" genus="Hemicorallium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="21" pageNumber="318" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="regale">
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<emphasis id="768CEAC3FFDBFF94FC3BFB2CFBB9FAD8" bold="true" box="[928,1085,1271,1295]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="318">Hemicorallium</emphasis>
cf. 
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(
<bibRefCitation id="20694B20FFDBFF94FB36FB23FAA0FAC7" author="Bayer, F. M." box="[1197,1316,1272,1296]" pageId="21" pageNumber="318" pagination="67 - 95" refId="ref23669" refString="Bayer, F. M. 1956. Descriptions and redescriptions of the Hawaiian octocorals collected by the U. S. Fish Commission steamer &quot; Albatross &quot; (2. Gorgonacea: Scleraxonia). Pacific Science 10: 67 - 95." type="journal article" year="1956">Bayer, 1956</bibRefCitation>
)
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(
<figureCitation id="DCC32A54FFDBFF94FC68FAC3FBE1FAE7" box="[1011,1125,1304,1328]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStart-2="Fig" captionStart-3="Fig" captionStartId-0="25.[156,187,2000,2022]" captionStartId-1="25.[821,852,672,694]" captionStartId-2="26.[156,187,1859,1881]" captionStartId-3="27.[156,187,1104,1126]" captionTargetBox-0="[177,745,1244,1961]" captionTargetBox-1="[842,1410,206,633]" captionTargetBox-2="[188,1398,207,1820]" captionTargetBox-3="[177,745,206,1064]" captionTargetId-0="figure-325@25.[176,746,1243,1962]" captionTargetId-1="figure-355@25.[841,1411,205,634]" captionTargetId-2="figure-8@26.[187,1399,205,1821]" captionTargetId-3="figure-250@27.[176,746,205,1065]" captionTargetPageId-0="25" captionTargetPageId-1="25" captionTargetPageId-2="26" captionTargetPageId-3="27" captionText-0="Fig. 32. Hemicorallium cf.regale, NSMT-Co 1733. A, Entire specimens; B, autozooid side; C, opposite side. Scale bars: A, 10mm; B, C, 2.0mm." captionText-1="Fig. 33. Surface detail of Hemicorallium cf. regale, NSMT-Co 1733. Abbreviations: AZ, autozooid; SZ, siphonozooid. Scale bar: 1.0mm." captionText-2="Fig. 34. Hemicorallium cf. regale, NSMT-Co 1733. Sclerites: from tentacles, autozooid mounds, branch tips and colony base. Scale bar: 0.05mm." captionText-3="Fig. 35. Hemicorallium cf. regale, NSMT-Co 1733. Composition of sclerites from each part sampled." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5739178" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5739174" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5739180" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5739182" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5739178/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5739174/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/5739180/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/5739182/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="318">Figs 32–35</figureCitation>
; 
<tableCitation id="097A036AFFDBFF94FBF5FAC3FB45FAE7" box="[1134,1217,1304,1328]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="4.[157,205,190,212]" captionText="Table 2. Summary of measurements of taxonomic characters for each specimen examined. Measurements reported are the" pageId="21" pageNumber="318">Tables 2</tableCitation>
, 
<tableCitation id="097A036AFFDBFF94FB50FAC3FB5CFAE7" box="[1227,1240,1304,1328]" captionStart="Table 6" captionStartId="27.[835,883,853,876]" captionText="Table 6. Hemicorallium cf. regale and H. cf. sulcatum. Summary of measurements of length and width of common (more than 11%) sclerites. Measurements are reported the average ± standard deviation in µm. Bold numbers indicate most abundant sclerite type. “+” means not common (less than 10%) sclerites. “−” means not found." pageId="21" pageNumber="318">6</tableCitation>
)
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<treatmentCitation id="C55910C0FFDBFF94FCAEFA82FB2FFAA6" author="Bayer, F. M." box="[821,1195,1369,1394]" page="78" pageId="21" pageNumber="318" year="1956">
<taxonomicName id="83F84D52FFDBFF94FCAEFA82FB2FFAA6" ID-CoL="5ZZM6" authority="Bayer 1956: 77 - 78" authorityName="Bayer" authorityPageNumber="77 - 78" authorityYear="1956" box="[821,1195,1369,1394]" class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" genus="Corallium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="21" pageNumber="318" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="regale">
<emphasis id="768CEAC3FFDBFF94FCAEFA82FC59FAA6" box="[821,989,1369,1393]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="318">Corallium regale</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="20694B20FFDBFF94FC7CFA81FB2FFAA6" author="Bayer, F. M." box="[999,1195,1369,1394]" pageId="21" pageNumber="318" pagination="67 - 95" refId="ref23669" refString="Bayer, F. M. 1956. Descriptions and redescriptions of the Hawaiian octocorals collected by the U. S. Fish Commission steamer &quot; Albatross &quot; (2. Gorgonacea: Scleraxonia). Pacific Science 10: 67 - 95." type="journal article" year="1956">Bayer 1956: 77–78</bibRefCitation>
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, figs 5c, 7e-g; 
<treatmentCitation id="C55910C0FFDBFF94FAD3FA82FBD3FA45" author="Nonaka, M. &amp; Muzik, K." page="106" pageId="21" pageNumber="318" year="2010">
<bibRefCitation id="20694B20FFDBFF94FAD3FA82FBD3FA45" author="Nonaka, M. &amp; Muzik, K." pageId="21" pageNumber="318" pagination="84 - 127" refId="ref24316" refString="Nonaka, M. and Muzik, K. 2010. Jewels of the deep sea: precious corals. Pp. 84 - 127. In: Uchida, S. (Ed.) Into the Unknown, Researching Mysterious Deep-sea Animals. Proceedings of an International Symposium, 23 - 24 Feb 2007. Okinawa Churaumi Aquarium, Okinawa." type="book chapter" year="2010">Nonaka and Muzik 2010: 106–107</bibRefCitation>
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, figs 41–42; 
<treatmentCitation id="C55910C0FFDBFF94FB4FFAA1FAF7FA45" author="Tu, T. H. &amp; Dai, C. F. &amp; Jeng, M. S." box="[1236,1395,1402,1426]" page="5" pageId="21" pageNumber="318" year="2012">
<bibRefCitation id="20694B20FFDBFF94FB4FFAA1FAF7FA45" author="Tu, T. H. &amp; Dai, C. F. &amp; Jeng, M. S." box="[1236,1395,1402,1426]" pageId="21" pageNumber="318" pagination="1 - 17" refId="ref24711" refString="Tu, T. H., Dai, C. F. and Jeng, M. S. 2012. Precious corals (Octocorallia: Coralliidae) from the northern West Pacific region with descriptions of two New Species. Zootaxa 3395: 1 - 17." type="journal article" year="2012">Tu et al. 2012: 5</bibRefCitation>
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(in key), fig. 13; Nonaka and Muzik 2012: 79 (in key), table 1.
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</paragraph>
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="64E811FFFFDBFF94FCAEFA60FC7DF9C3" pageId="21" pageNumber="318">
<treatmentCitation id="C55910C0FFDBFF94FCAEFA60FB62FA04" author="Tu, T. H. &amp; Dai, C. F. &amp; Jeng, M. S." box="[821,1254,1467,1491]" page="181" pageId="21" pageNumber="318" year="2015">
<taxonomicName id="83F84D52FFDBFF94FCAEFA60FB62FA04" ID-CoL="6LPM6" authority="Tu et al. 2015 b: 181" authorityName="Tu" authorityPageNumber="181" authorityYear="2015" box="[821,1254,1467,1491]" class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" genus="Hemicorallium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="21" pageNumber="318" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="regale">
<emphasis id="768CEAC3FFDBFF94FCAEFA60FB88FA04" box="[821,1036,1467,1491]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="318">Hemicorallium regale</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="20694B20FFDBFF94FB8EFA60FB62FA04" author="Tu, T. H. &amp; Dai, C. F. &amp; Jeng, M. S." box="[1045,1254,1467,1491]" pageId="21" pageNumber="318" pagination="173 - 184" refId="ref24823" refString="Tu, T. H., Dai, C. F., and Jeng, M. S. 2015 b. Phylogeny and systematics of deep-sea precious corals (Anthozoa: Octocorallia: Coralliidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 84: 173 - 184." type="journal article" year="2015">Tu et al. 2015b: 181</bibRefCitation>
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(in list), table 1; 
<treatmentCitation id="C55910C0FFDBFF94FCD5FA07FB93FA24" author="Tu, T. H. &amp; Dai, C. F. &amp; Jeng, M. S." box="[846,1047,1499,1523]" page="1035" pageId="21" pageNumber="318" year="2016">
<bibRefCitation id="20694B20FFDBFF94FCD5FA07FB93FA24" author="Tu, T. H. &amp; Dai, C. F. &amp; Jeng, M. S." box="[846,1047,1499,1523]" pageId="21" pageNumber="318" pagination="1003 - 1038" refId="ref24872" refString="Tu, T. H., Dai, C. F., and Jeng, M. S. 2016. Taxonomic revision of Coralliidae with descriptions of new species from New Caledonia and the Hawaiian Archipelago. Marine Biology Research 12: 1003 - 1038." type="journal article" year="2016">Tu et al. 2016: 1035</bibRefCitation>
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(in key), table II; 
<treatmentCitation id="C55910C0FFDBFF94FB49FA00FC26F9C3" author="Nonaka, M. &amp; Muzik, K." page="16" pageId="21" pageNumber="318" year="2016">
<bibRefCitation id="20694B20FFDBFF94FB49FA00FC26F9C3" author="Nonaka, M. &amp; Muzik, K." pageId="21" pageNumber="318" pagination="15 - 36" refId="ref24426" refString="Nonaka, M. and Muzik, K. 2016. The first records of two species of precious coral (Octocorallia: Coralliidae) from the Ryukyu Archipelago. Fauna Ryukyuana 29: 15 - 36." type="journal article" year="2016">Nonaka and Muzik 2016: 16</bibRefCitation>
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(in list).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="444736D1FFDBFF94FCD5F9E6FB02F9A1" blockId="21.[821,1432,1597,2077]" pageId="21" pageNumber="318">
<emphasis id="768CEAC3FFDBFF94FCD5F9E6FBA2F982" bold="true" box="[846,1062,1597,1621]" pageId="21" pageNumber="318">Material examined.</emphasis>
NSMT-Co 1733, Colahan Seamount, 
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, 
<date id="30461011FFDBFF94FC66F985FB06F9A1" box="[1021,1154,1630,1654]" pageId="21" pageNumber="318" value="2011-06-24">24 June 2011</date>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0CE2655AFFDBFF94FCD5F9A5FBB0F80C" pageId="21" pageNumber="318" type="diagnosis">
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<emphasis id="768CEAC3FFDBFF94FCD5F9A5FC3AF941" bold="true" box="[846,958,1662,1686]" pageId="21" pageNumber="318">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Colony is branching almost in one plane. Contracted autozooids form cylindrical mounds, distributed unevenly on only one side of the colony, about 
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in diameter. Siphonozooids are distributed around the autozooids. Coenenchyme is thin, with a smooth surface, pale pink in color. Axis is stout with a smooth surface, pale red to pink in color. The burrows of commensal polychaetes are present on the surface of the axis. Tentacles contain shorter (
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long) thorny rods. Coenenchyme contains spherical 6- radiates, and 8-radiates, no double-clubs. Distributed in depths of about 
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<emphasis id="768CEAC3FFDBFF94FCD5F83FFAB1F82B" bold="true" box="[846,1333,2020,2044]" pageId="21" pageNumber="318">Description of specimen NSMT-Co 1733.</emphasis>
Colony form. The specimen consists of 4 branchlets, about 
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long (
<figureCitation id="DCC32A54FFD9FF96FED0FB4DFE2DFB79" box="[331,425,1174,1198]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="25.[156,187,2000,2022]" captionTargetBox="[177,745,1244,1961]" captionTargetId="figure-325@25.[176,746,1243,1962]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Fig. 32. Hemicorallium cf.regale, NSMT-Co 1733. A, Entire specimens; B, autozooid side; C, opposite side. Scale bars: A, 10mm; B, C, 2.0mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5739178" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5739178/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="320">Fig. 32A</figureCitation>
). The branching is almost in one plane, but whole colony form not determined (
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). Branchlets are about 
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in diameter, with rounded cross sections.
</paragraph>
<caption id="10876659FFD8FF97FF07F898FF74F8A2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5739166" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5739166" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5739166/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="319" startId="22.[156,187,1859,1881]" targetBox="[188,1398,207,1820]" targetPageId="22">
<paragraph id="444736D1FFD8FF97FF07F898FF74F8A2" blockId="22.[156,1432,1859,1909]" pageId="22" pageNumber="319">
Fig. 27. 
<taxonomicName id="83F84D52FFD8FF97FF60F898FE51F88F" box="[251,469,1859,1880]" class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" genus="Hemicorallium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="22" pageNumber="319" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="laauense">
<emphasis id="768CEAC3FFD8FF97FF60F898FE51F88F" box="[251,469,1859,1880]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="319">Hemicorallium laauense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, NSMT-Co 1731. Sclerites: from tentacles, autozooid mounds, branch tips and colony base. Scale bar: 0.05 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="10876659FFD9FF96FCAEFC02FB2BFBF1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5739168" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5739168" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5739168/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="320" startId="23.[821,852,985,1007]" targetBox="[842,1410,206,945]" targetPageId="23">
<paragraph id="444736D1FFD9FF96FCAEFC02FB2BFBF1" blockId="23.[821,1431,985,1063]" pageId="23" pageNumber="320">
Fig. 29. 
<taxonomicName id="83F84D52FFD9FF96FC08FC02FBEBFC39" box="[915,1135,985,1006]" class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" genus="Hemicorallium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="23" pageNumber="320" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="laauense">
<emphasis id="768CEAC3FFD9FF96FC08FC02FBEBFC39" box="[915,1135,985,1006]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="320">Hemicorallium laauense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, NSMT-Co 1732. A, Specimen branches; B, surface detail. Abbreviations: AZ, autozoid; SZ, siphonozooid. Scale bars: A, 10mm; B, 1.0 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="10876659FFD9FF96FF07FBF7FE59FB89" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5739170" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5739170" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5739170/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="320" startId="23.[156,187,1068,1090]" targetBox="[177,745,206,1028]" targetPageId="23">
<paragraph id="444736D1FFD9FF96FF07FBF7FE59FB89" blockId="23.[156,767,1068,1118]" pageId="23" pageNumber="320">
Fig. 28. 
<taxonomicName id="83F84D52FFD9FF96FF60FBF7FE52FB96" box="[251,470,1068,1089]" class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" genus="Hemicorallium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="23" pageNumber="320" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="laauense">
<emphasis id="768CEAC3FFD9FF96FF60FBF7FE52FB96" box="[251,470,1068,1089]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="320">Hemicorallium laauense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, NSMT-Co 1731. Composition of sclerites from each part sampled.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="444736D1FFD9FF96FF2EFAC3FD7FFA04" blockId="23.[156,768,1174,2077]" pageId="23" pageNumber="320">
Polyps. The autozooids are not retracted into the coenenchyme, making cylindrical mounds. They tend to be distributed on one side of the colony (
<figureCitation id="DCC32A54FFD9FF96FE46FA82FDD5FAA5" box="[477,593,1369,1394]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="25.[156,187,2000,2022]" captionTargetBox="[177,745,1244,1961]" captionTargetId="figure-325@25.[176,746,1243,1962]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Fig. 32. Hemicorallium cf.regale, NSMT-Co 1733. A, Entire specimens; B, autozooid side; C, opposite side. Scale bars: A, 10mm; B, C, 2.0mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5739178" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5739178/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="320">Fig. 32B, C</figureCitation>
), rather crowded (
<figureCitation id="DCC32A54FFD9FF96FF38FAA1FE84FA45" box="[163,256,1402,1426]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="25.[156,187,2000,2022]" captionTargetBox="[177,745,1244,1961]" captionTargetId="figure-325@25.[176,746,1243,1962]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Fig. 32. Hemicorallium cf.regale, NSMT-Co 1733. A, Entire specimens; B, autozooid side; C, opposite side. Scale bars: A, 10mm; B, C, 2.0mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5739178" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5739178/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="320">Fig. 32B</figureCitation>
). They are 1.24± 
<quantity id="83009B34FFD9FF96FE2EFAA1FD8FFA45" box="[437,523,1402,1426]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="23" pageNumber="320" unit="mm" value="0.13">0.13 mm</quantity>
in diameter and about 
<quantity id="83009B34FFD9FF96FF07FA40FF76FA65" box="[156,242,1435,1459]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.36" pageId="23" pageNumber="320" unit="mm" value="1.36">1.36 mm</quantity>
in height (
<tableCitation id="097A036AFFD9FF96FEFCFA40FE33FA64" box="[359,439,1435,1459]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="4.[157,205,190,212]" captionText="Table 2. Summary of measurements of taxonomic characters for each specimen examined. Measurements reported are the" pageId="23" pageNumber="320">Table 2</tableCitation>
). Siphonozooids are distributed around the autozooids (
<figureCitation id="DCC32A54FFD9FF96FE17FA60FE50FA04" box="[396,468,1467,1491]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="25.[821,852,672,694]" captionTargetBox="[842,1410,206,633]" captionTargetId="figure-355@25.[841,1411,205,634]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Fig. 33. Surface detail of Hemicorallium cf. regale, NSMT-Co 1733. Abbreviations: AZ, autozooid; SZ, siphonozooid. Scale bar: 1.0mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5739174" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5739174/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="320">Fig. 33</figureCitation>
), about 
<quantity id="83009B34FFD9FF96FDBEFA60FDFFFA04" box="[549,635,1467,1491]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="320" unit="mm" value="0.06">0.06 mm</quantity>
in diameter.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="444736D1FFD9FF96FF2EFA07FDEAF982" blockId="23.[156,768,1174,2077]" pageId="23" pageNumber="320">
Axis. The surface of the axis is smooth (
<figureCitation id="DCC32A54FFD9FF96FDCDFA07FD37FA23" box="[598,691,1500,1524]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="25.[156,187,2000,2022]" captionTargetBox="[177,745,1244,1961]" captionTargetId="figure-325@25.[176,746,1243,1962]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Fig. 32. Hemicorallium cf.regale, NSMT-Co 1733. A, Entire specimens; B, autozooid side; C, opposite side. Scale bars: A, 10mm; B, C, 2.0mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5739178" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5739178/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="320">Fig. 32C</figureCitation>
). There are no rounded pits on the surface of the axis at the position of each autozooids. The burrows of commensal organisms are found on the surface of the axis (
<figureCitation id="DCC32A54FFD9FF96FD90F9E6FDE7F982" box="[523,611,1597,1621]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="25.[156,187,2000,2022]" captionTargetBox="[177,745,1244,1961]" captionTargetId="figure-325@25.[176,746,1243,1962]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Fig. 32. Hemicorallium cf.regale, NSMT-Co 1733. A, Entire specimens; B, autozooid side; C, opposite side. Scale bars: A, 10mm; B, C, 2.0mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5739178" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5739178/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="320">Fig. 32B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="444736D1FFD9FF96FF2EF985FF7CF960" blockId="23.[156,768,1174,2077]" pageId="23" pageNumber="320">
Coenenchyme. Coenenchyme is too thin to be measured. The surface is smooth and small warts are not remarkable (
<figureCitation id="DCC32A54FFD9FF96FF38F944FF6FF960" box="[163,235,1695,1719]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="25.[821,852,672,694]" captionTargetBox="[842,1410,206,633]" captionTargetId="figure-355@25.[841,1411,205,634]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Fig. 33. Surface detail of Hemicorallium cf. regale, NSMT-Co 1733. Abbreviations: AZ, autozooid; SZ, siphonozooid. Scale bar: 1.0mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5739174" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5739174/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="320">Fig. 33</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="444736D1FFD9FF96FF2EF964FE75F92F" blockId="23.[156,768,1174,2077]" pageId="23" pageNumber="320">
Color. The dry coenenchyme is pale pink. The axes are pink to pale red in color (
<figureCitation id="DCC32A54FFD9FF96FE07F93BFE61F92F" box="[412,485,1760,1784]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="25.[156,187,2000,2022]" captionTargetBox="[177,745,1244,1961]" captionTargetId="figure-325@25.[176,746,1243,1962]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Fig. 32. Hemicorallium cf.regale, NSMT-Co 1733. A, Entire specimens; B, autozooid side; C, opposite side. Scale bars: A, 10mm; B, C, 2.0mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5739178" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5739178/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="320">Fig. 32</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="444736D1FFD9FF96FF2EF8DBFE33F84D" blockId="23.[156,768,1174,2077]" pageId="23" pageNumber="320">
Sclerites. The tentacles contain mainly rods (69%; 0.075± 
<quantity id="83009B34FFD9FF96FF73F8FAFECEF8EF" box="[232,330,1825,1849]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="23" pageNumber="320" unit="mm" value="0.014">0.014 mm</quantity>
long, 0.027± 
<quantity id="83009B34FFD9FF96FE46F8FAFDBBF8EF" box="[477,575,1825,1849]" metricMagnitude="-6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="320" unit="mm" value="0.005">0.005 mm</quantity>
wide), symmetric 8-radiates (15%; 0.061± 
<quantity id="83009B34FFD9FF96FE3BF899FD87F88E" box="[416,515,1858,1882]" metricMagnitude="-6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="320" unit="mm" value="0.008">0.008 mm</quantity>
long, 0.038± 
<quantity id="83009B34FFD9FF96FD07F89AFD7AF88E" box="[668,766,1857,1881]" metricMagnitude="-6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="320" unit="mm" value="0.005">0.005 mm</quantity>
width), and a few 6-radiates, 7-radiates, multi-radiates and others (
<figureCitation id="DCC32A54FFD9FF96FF73F859FEB7F84C" box="[232,307,1922,1947]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="26.[156,187,1859,1881]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,207,1820]" captionTargetId="figure-8@26.[187,1399,205,1821]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="Fig. 34. Hemicorallium cf. regale, NSMT-Co 1733. Sclerites: from tentacles, autozooid mounds, branch tips and colony base. Scale bar: 0.05mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5739180" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5739180/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="320">Figs 34</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="DCC32A54FFD9FF96FEA6F859FED3F84D" box="[317,343,1922,1946]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="27.[156,187,1104,1126]" captionTargetBox="[177,745,206,1064]" captionTargetId="figure-250@27.[176,746,205,1065]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="Fig. 35. Hemicorallium cf. regale, NSMT-Co 1733. Composition of sclerites from each part sampled." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5739182" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5739182/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="320">35</figureCitation>
; 
<tableCitation id="097A036AFFD9FF96FEFAF859FE2EF84D" box="[353,426,1922,1946]" captionStart="Table 6" captionStartId="27.[835,883,853,876]" captionText="Table 6. Hemicorallium cf. regale and H. cf. sulcatum. Summary of measurements of length and width of common (more than 11%) sclerites. Measurements are reported the average ± standard deviation in µm. Bold numbers indicate most abundant sclerite type. “+” means not common (less than 10%) sclerites. “−” means not found." pageId="23" pageNumber="320">Table 6</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="444736D1FFD9FF96FF2EF878FB50FB18" blockId="23.[156,768,1174,2077]" lastBlockId="23.[820,1432,1174,2076]" pageId="23" pageNumber="320">
The autozooid mounds contain mainly symmetric 6-radiates (34%; 0.058± 
<quantity id="83009B34FFD9FF96FE10F818FE6AF80C" box="[395,494,1987,2011]" metricMagnitude="-6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="320" unit="mm" value="0.005">0.005 mm</quantity>
long, 0.044± 
<quantity id="83009B34FFD9FF96FD07F81FFD7AF80C" box="[668,766,1988,2012]" metricMagnitude="-6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="320" unit="mm" value="0.004">0.004 mm</quantity>
wide), asymmetric 6-radiates (22%; 0.056± 
<quantity id="83009B34FFD9FF96FDFBF83FFD47F82B" box="[608,707,2020,2044]" metricMagnitude="-6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="320" unit="mm" value="0.005">0.005 mm</quantity>
long, 0.043± 
<quantity id="83009B34FFD9FF96FF73F7DEFECEF7CB" box="[232,330,2053,2077]" metricMagnitude="-6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="320" unit="mm" value="0.004">0.004 mm</quantity>
wide), 7-radiates (20%; 0.062± 
<quantity id="83009B34FFD9FF96FD07F7DFFD7AF7CB" box="[668,766,2052,2076]" metricMagnitude="-6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="320" unit="mm" value="0.005">0.005 mm</quantity>
long, 0.044± 
<quantity id="83009B34FFD9FF96FC27FB4DFB9BFB79" box="[956,1055,1174,1198]" metricMagnitude="-6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="320" unit="mm" value="0.002">0.002 mm</quantity>
wide). A few 8-radiates and multiradiates are present (
<figureCitation id="DCC32A54FFD9FF96FB9EFB6CFBD4FB18" box="[1029,1104,1207,1231]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="26.[156,187,1859,1881]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,207,1820]" captionTargetId="figure-8@26.[187,1399,205,1821]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="Fig. 34. Hemicorallium cf. regale, NSMT-Co 1733. Sclerites: from tentacles, autozooid mounds, branch tips and colony base. Scale bar: 0.05mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5739180" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5739180/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="320">Figs 34</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="DCC32A54FFD9FF96FBC2FB6CFBF7FB18" box="[1113,1139,1207,1231]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="27.[156,187,1104,1126]" captionTargetBox="[177,745,206,1064]" captionTargetId="figure-250@27.[176,746,205,1065]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="Fig. 35. Hemicorallium cf. regale, NSMT-Co 1733. Composition of sclerites from each part sampled." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5739182" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5739182/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="320">35</figureCitation>
; 
<tableCitation id="097A036AFFD9FF96FBE6FB6CFB43FB18" box="[1149,1223,1207,1231]" captionStart="Table 6" captionStartId="27.[835,883,853,876]" captionText="Table 6. Hemicorallium cf. regale and H. cf. sulcatum. Summary of measurements of length and width of common (more than 11%) sclerites. Measurements are reported the average ± standard deviation in µm. Bold numbers indicate most abundant sclerite type. “+” means not common (less than 10%) sclerites. “−” means not found." pageId="23" pageNumber="320">Table 6</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="444736D1FFD9FF96FCD5FB0CFB1BFA45" blockId="23.[820,1432,1174,2076]" pageId="23" pageNumber="320">
The branch tips contain mainly asymmetric 8-radiates (31%; 0.056± 
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long, 0.038± 
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wide), symmetric 8-radiates (27%; 0.061± 
<quantity id="83009B34FFD9FF96FB7FFAC3FAC3FAE7" box="[1252,1351,1304,1328]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="23" pageNumber="320" unit="mm" value="0.013">0.013 mm</quantity>
long, 0.038± 
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wide), 7-radiates (15%; 0.056± 
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long, 0.039± 
<quantity id="83009B34FFD9FF96FC5BFA81FBA6FAA6" box="[960,1058,1370,1394]" metricMagnitude="-6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="320" unit="mm" value="0.004">0.004 mm</quantity>
wide), and a few 6-radiates, and multi-radiates (
<figureCitation id="DCC32A54FFD9FF96FC4BFAA1FB9FFA45" box="[976,1051,1402,1426]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="26.[156,187,1859,1881]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,207,1820]" captionTargetId="figure-8@26.[187,1399,205,1821]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="Fig. 34. Hemicorallium cf. regale, NSMT-Co 1733. Sclerites: from tentacles, autozooid mounds, branch tips and colony base. Scale bar: 0.05mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5739180" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5739180/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="320">Figs 34</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="DCC32A54FFD9FF96FBBEFAA1FBBBFA45" box="[1061,1087,1402,1426]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="27.[156,187,1104,1126]" captionTargetBox="[177,745,206,1064]" captionTargetId="figure-250@27.[176,746,205,1065]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="Fig. 35. Hemicorallium cf. regale, NSMT-Co 1733. Composition of sclerites from each part sampled." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5739182" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5739182/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="320">35</figureCitation>
; 
<tableCitation id="097A036AFFD9FF96FBD3FAA1FB16FA45" box="[1096,1170,1402,1426]" captionStart="Table 6" captionStartId="27.[835,883,853,876]" captionText="Table 6. Hemicorallium cf. regale and H. cf. sulcatum. Summary of measurements of length and width of common (more than 11%) sclerites. Measurements are reported the average ± standard deviation in µm. Bold numbers indicate most abundant sclerite type. “+” means not common (less than 10%) sclerites. “−” means not found." pageId="23" pageNumber="320">Table 6</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="444736D1FFD9FF96FCD5FA41FC43F982" blockId="23.[820,1432,1174,2076]" pageId="23" pageNumber="320">
Basal coenenchyme contains mainly symmetric 8-radiates (32%; 0.065± 
<quantity id="83009B34FFD9FF96FC6CFA60FBDEFA05" box="[1015,1114,1467,1491]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="23" pageNumber="320" unit="mm" value="0.012">0.012 mm</quantity>
long, 0.040± 
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wide) and asymmetric 8-radiates (21%; 0.061± 
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long, 0.042± 
<quantity id="83009B34FFD9FF96FC1BFA27FC67F9C3" box="[896,995,1532,1556]" metricMagnitude="-6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="320" unit="mm" value="0.006">0.006 mm</quantity>
wide). There are a few crosses, 6-radiates, 7-radiates and multi-radiates (
<figureCitation id="DCC32A54FFD9FF96FBE8F9C6FB46F9E2" box="[1139,1218,1565,1589]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="26.[156,187,1859,1881]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,207,1820]" captionTargetId="figure-8@26.[187,1399,205,1821]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="Fig. 34. Hemicorallium cf. regale, NSMT-Co 1733. Sclerites: from tentacles, autozooid mounds, branch tips and colony base. Scale bar: 0.05mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5739180" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5739180/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="320">Figs 34</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="DCC32A54FFD9FF96FB4AF9C7FB6FF9E3" box="[1233,1259,1564,1588]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="27.[156,187,1104,1126]" captionTargetBox="[177,745,206,1064]" captionTargetId="figure-250@27.[176,746,205,1065]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="Fig. 35. Hemicorallium cf. regale, NSMT-Co 1733. Composition of sclerites from each part sampled." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5739182" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5739182/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="320">35</figureCitation>
; 
<tableCitation id="097A036AFFD9FF96FB62F9C6FAC2F9E3" box="[1273,1350,1564,1589]" captionStart="Table 6" captionStartId="27.[835,883,853,876]" captionText="Table 6. Hemicorallium cf. regale and H. cf. sulcatum. Summary of measurements of length and width of common (more than 11%) sclerites. Measurements are reported the average ± standard deviation in µm. Bold numbers indicate most abundant sclerite type. “+” means not common (less than 10%) sclerites. “−” means not found." pageId="23" pageNumber="320">Table 6</tableCitation>
) in the coenenchyme.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0CE2655AFFD9FF98FCD5F985FC5EFA86" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="322" pageId="23" pageNumber="320" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="444736D1FFD9FF96FCD5F985FBD9F86C" blockId="23.[820,1432,1174,2076]" pageId="23" pageNumber="320">
<emphasis id="768CEAC3FFD9FF96FCD5F985FC35F9A1" bold="true" box="[846,945,1630,1654]" pageId="23" pageNumber="320">Remarks.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="83F84D52FFD9FF96FC50F985FB21F9A1" box="[971,1189,1630,1654]" class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" genus="Hemicorallium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="23" pageNumber="320" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="regale">
<emphasis id="768CEAC3FFD9FF96FC50F985FB21F9A1" box="[971,1189,1630,1654]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="320">Hemicorallium regale</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was first described in 1956 based on a specimen collected around French Frigate Shoals (
<quantity id="83009B34FFD9FF96FC1DF944FC73F961" box="[902,1015,1695,1719]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.040000000000001" metricValueMax="7.109999999999999" metricValueMin="6.970000000000001" pageId="23" pageNumber="320" unit="m" value="704.0" valueMax="711.0" valueMin="697.0">697–711 m</quantity>
deep) in 
<collectingRegion id="863CF833FFD9FF96FBF9F944FB2DF960" box="[1122,1193,1695,1719]" country="United States of America" name="Hawaii" pageId="23" pageNumber="320">Hawaii</collectingRegion>
in 1902 (
<bibRefCitation id="20694B20FFD9FF96FA88F944FA09F961" author="Bayer, F. M." box="[1299,1421,1694,1719]" pageId="23" pageNumber="320" pagination="67 - 95" refId="ref23669" refString="Bayer, F. M. 1956. Descriptions and redescriptions of the Hawaiian octocorals collected by the U. S. Fish Commission steamer &quot; Albatross &quot; (2. Gorgonacea: Scleraxonia). Pacific Science 10: 67 - 95." type="journal article" year="1956">Bayer 1956</bibRefCitation>
). This species resembles 
<taxonomicName id="83F84D52FFD9FF96FBB6F91BFB2DF900" baseAuthorityName="Kishinouye" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[1069,1193,1727,1751]" class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" genus="Hemicorallium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="23" pageNumber="320" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="sulcatum">
<emphasis id="768CEAC3FFD9FF96FBB6F91BFB2DF900" box="[1069,1193,1727,1751]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="320">C. sulcatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="83F84D52FFD9FF96FB7DF91BFAE0F900" authorityName="Bayer" authorityYear="1955" box="[1254,1380,1727,1751]" class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" genus="Corallium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="23" pageNumber="320" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="imperiale">
<emphasis id="768CEAC3FFD9FF96FB7DF91BFAE0F900" box="[1254,1380,1727,1751]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="320">C. imperiale</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but can be distinguished by presence of the unique spherically shaped 6-radiates in the coenenchyme. Such sclerites have been found in 
<taxonomicName id="83F84D52FFD9FF96FC49F8FAFBDFF8EE" baseAuthorityName="Johnson" baseAuthorityYear="1899" box="[978,1115,1825,1849]" class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" genus="Corallium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="23" pageNumber="320" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="maderense">
<emphasis id="768CEAC3FFD9FF96FC49F8FAFBDFF8EE" box="[978,1115,1825,1849]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="320">C. maderense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="83F84D52FFD9FF96FB08F8FAFB7EF8EE" baseAuthorityName="Johnson" baseAuthorityYear="1899" box="[1171,1274,1825,1849]" class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" genus="Corallium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="23" pageNumber="320" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tricolor">
<emphasis id="768CEAC3FFD9FF96FB08F8FAFB7EF8EE" box="[1171,1274,1825,1849]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="320">C. tricolor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but these two species are distributed in the Atlantic, not the Pacific. This species is the reddest in color of the precious corals from 
<collectingRegion id="863CF833FFD9FF96FCAFF859FCF9F84D" box="[820,893,1922,1946]" country="United States of America" name="Hawaii" pageId="23" pageNumber="320">Hawaii</collectingRegion>
, but was not collected in quantities large enough to prove commercially valuable.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="444736D1FFD9FF96FCD5F818FB87F82B" blockId="23.[820,1432,1174,2076]" pageId="23" pageNumber="320">The following features of specimen NSMT-Co 1733 fit the original description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="444736D1FFD9FF96FCAFF7DEFAD6F7CB" blockId="23.[820,1432,1174,2076]" box="[820,1362,2052,2076]" pageId="23" pageNumber="320">· The coenenchyme is thin, without fine protrusions.</paragraph>
<caption id="10876659FFD6FF99FF07F898FF74F8A2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5739172" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5739172" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5739172/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="321" startId="24.[156,187,1859,1881]" targetBox="[188,1398,207,1820]" targetPageId="24">
<paragraph id="444736D1FFD6FF99FF07F898FF74F8A2" blockId="24.[156,1432,1859,1909]" pageId="24" pageNumber="321">
Fig. 30. 
<taxonomicName id="83F84D52FFD6FF99FF60F898FE51F88F" box="[251,469,1859,1880]" class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" genus="Hemicorallium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="24" pageNumber="321" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="laauense">
<emphasis id="768CEAC3FFD6FF99FF60F898FE51F88F" box="[251,469,1859,1880]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="321">Hemicorallium laauense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, NSMT-Co 1732. Sclerites: from tentacles, autozooid mounds, branch tips and colony base. Scale bar: 0.05 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="10876659FFD7FF98FCAEFD7BFCFAFD39" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5739174" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5739174" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5739174/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="322" startId="25.[821,852,672,694]" targetBox="[842,1410,206,633]" targetPageId="25">
<paragraph id="444736D1FFD7FF98FCAEFD7BFCFAFD39" blockId="25.[821,1432,672,750]" pageId="25" pageNumber="322">
Fig. 33. Surface detail of 
<taxonomicName id="83F84D52FFD7FF98FBDBFD7BFAA3FD62" box="[1088,1319,672,694]" class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" genus="Hemicorallium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="25" pageNumber="322" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="regale">
<emphasis id="768CEAC3FFD7FF98FBDBFD7BFB41FD62" box="[1088,1221,672,693]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="322">Hemicorallium</emphasis>
cf. 
<emphasis id="768CEAC3FFD7FF98FB68FD7BFAA3FD62" box="[1267,1319,672,693]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="322">regale</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, NSMT-Co 1733. Abbreviations: AZ, autozooid; SZ, siphonozooid. Scale bar: 1.0mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="444736D1FFD7FF98FCAEFCEAFC39FCBE" blockId="25.[821,1432,816,1361]" pageId="25" pageNumber="322">· The axis is reddish or pink, with burrows of commensal organisms.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="444736D1FFD7FF98FCAEFCA9FA8FFC1C" blockId="25.[821,1432,816,1361]" pageId="25" pageNumber="322">
· The contracted autozooids are cylindrically shaped, 
<quantity id="83009B34FFD7FF98FCD5FC49FC20FC7D" box="[846,932,914,938]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.36" pageId="25" pageNumber="322" unit="mm" value="1.36">1.36 mm</quantity>
in height and 
<quantity id="83009B34FFD7FF98FBA5FC49FB10FC7D" box="[1086,1172,914,938]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.24" pageId="25" pageNumber="322" unit="mm" value="1.24">1.24 mm</quantity>
in diameter, and are unevenly distributed on one side of the colony.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="444736D1FFD7FF98FCAEFC0FFBB2FB9A" blockId="25.[821,1432,816,1361]" pageId="25" pageNumber="322">
· The dominant sclerites are 6-radiates and 8-radiates, and some 6-radiates have a spherical shape (
<figureCitation id="DCC32A54FFD7FF98FB78FC2FFAA9FBDB" box="[1251,1325,1012,1036]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="26.[156,187,1859,1881]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,207,1820]" captionTargetId="figure-8@26.[187,1399,205,1821]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="Fig. 34. Hemicorallium cf. regale, NSMT-Co 1733. Sclerites: from tentacles, autozooid mounds, branch tips and colony base. Scale bar: 0.05mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5739180" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5739180/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="322">Fig. 34</figureCitation>
). The rodshaped sclerites in the tentacles are thorny and relative short (
<quantity id="83009B34FFD7FF98FC14FBEEFC70FB9B" box="[911,1012,1077,1101]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" pageId="25" pageNumber="322" unit="mm" value="0.075">0.075 mm</quantity>
long).
</paragraph>
<caption id="10876659FFD7FF98FF07FBEBFE59FBB5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5739176" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5739176" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5739176/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="322" startId="25.[156,187,1072,1094]" targetBox="[177,745,206,1032]" targetPageId="25">
<paragraph id="444736D1FFD7FF98FF07FBEBFE59FBB5" blockId="25.[156,767,1072,1122]" pageId="25" pageNumber="322">
Fig. 31. 
<taxonomicName id="83F84D52FFD7FF98FE99FBEBFE58FB92" box="[258,476,1072,1093]" class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" genus="Hemicorallium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="25" pageNumber="322" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="laauense">
<emphasis id="768CEAC3FFD7FF98FE99FBEBFE58FB92" box="[258,476,1072,1093]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="322">Hemicorallium laauense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, NSMT-Co 1732. Composition of sclerites from each part sampled.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="444736D1FFD7FF98FCD5FB8DFC5EFA86" blockId="25.[821,1432,816,1361]" pageId="25" pageNumber="322">
However, the height of the autozooids, and the length of the rod sclerites are shorter than those described for 
<taxonomicName id="83F84D52FFD7FF98FCAEFB4CFC16FB79" box="[821,914,1174,1198]" class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" genus="Hemicorallium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="25" pageNumber="322" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="regale">
<emphasis id="768CEAC3FFD7FF98FCAEFB4CFC16FB79" box="[821,914,1174,1198]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="322">H. regale</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in 
<bibRefCitation id="20694B20FFD7FF98FC21FB4CFBB5FB79" author="Bayer, F. M." box="[954,1073,1174,1199]" pageId="25" pageNumber="322" pagination="67 - 95" refId="ref23669" refString="Bayer, F. M. 1956. Descriptions and redescriptions of the Hawaiian octocorals collected by the U. S. Fish Commission steamer &quot; Albatross &quot; (2. Gorgonacea: Scleraxonia). Pacific Science 10: 67 - 95." type="journal article" year="1956">Bayer 1956</bibRefCitation>
. 
<taxonomicName id="83F84D52FFD7FF98FBA4FB4CFB18FB79" box="[1087,1180,1174,1198]" class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" genus="Hemicorallium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="25" pageNumber="322" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="regale">
<emphasis id="768CEAC3FFD7FF98FBA4FB4CFB18FB79" box="[1087,1180,1174,1198]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="322">H. regale</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was probably pinnately branched, but branching pattern cannot be determined from the present specimen. Therefore, this specimen is only tentatively identified as 
<taxonomicName id="83F84D52FFD7FF98FBB2FB22FB27FAC7" box="[1065,1187,1272,1296]" class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" genus="Hemicorallium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="25" pageNumber="322" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="regale">
<emphasis id="768CEAC3FFD7FF98FBB2FB22FBB8FAC7" box="[1065,1084,1273,1296]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="322">H</emphasis>
. cf. 
<emphasis id="768CEAC3FFD7FF98FBF2FB23FB27FAC7" box="[1129,1187,1272,1296]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="322">regale</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in this study. For accurate identification, comparison with the 
<typeStatus id="9B438873FFD7FF98FB4DFAC3FAABFAE7" box="[1238,1327,1304,1328]" pageId="25" pageNumber="322" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
specimen will be required.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>