469 lines
58 KiB
XML
469 lines
58 KiB
XML
<document id="AA9C0AE08F3437A4BAD244C1401B9AD5" ID-CLB-Dataset="25155" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2019.569" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ee4333ce-4fde-4a61-85e9-effa3d1b5999" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3517522" ID-ZooBank="79BE13FC-B840-4C39-8D25-3328BDCC44D2" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1571893727309" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Cole, Mary L." docDate="2019" docId="101687E3D54DFFE8FDE8AA61FEBAD6D6" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-569_cole.pdf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 569" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Chondrocyclus trifimbriatus Connolly 1929" docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="33" masterDocId="EC2FFF9BD550FFC8FFF9A93CFFA3D317" masterDocTitle="Revision of Chondrocyclus s. l. (Mollusca: Cyclophoridae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species" masterLastPageNumber="92" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="30" updateTime="1698760991196" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="3A25D6C07A63BF252BEEC9419E2BAC79">Revision of Chondrocyclus s. l. (Mollusca: Cyclophoridae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E4FD3126833E54465AF34A1B22DA3711">Cole, Mary L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="DCD4733D399B20106442A9BD0AAD9F32">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="50C1ECCDDEA8C548153FF9BB2E7484B6">
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<mods:date id="AB15774E96E2FA03BDDCEE3C99042586">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="D78D750AE29475F9C96AC9195E20DADF">2019-10-22</mods:number>
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<treatment id="101687E3D54DFFE8FDE8AA61FEBAD6D6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5586679" ID-GBIF-Taxon="159834426" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5586679" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:101687E3D54DFFE8FDE8AA61FEBAD6D6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/101687E3D54DFFE8FDE8AA61FEBAD6D6" lastPageId="32" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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<subSubSection id="D0A5657ED54DFFD5FDE8AA61FB80D06F" box="[529,1059,861,888]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="980036F5D54DFFD5FDE8AA61FB80D06F" blockId="29.[529,1059,861,925]" box="[529,1059,861,888]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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<heading id="C3488199D54DFFD5FDE8AA61FB80D06F" box="[529,1059,861,888]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="5FBF4D76D54DFFD5FDE8AA61FB80D06F" ID-CoL="5XZJ2" authority="Connolly" authorityName="Connolly" authorityYear="1929" box="[529,1059,861,888]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Chondrocyclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="trifimbriatus">
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<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D54DFFD5FDE8AA61FCC4D06F" bold="true" box="[529,871,861,888]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Chondrocyclus trifimbriatus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="FC2E4B04D54DFFD5FC97AA61FB80D06F" author="Connolly M." box="[878,1059,861,888]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="238" refId="ref47737" refString="Connolly M. 1929. New non-marine mollusca from South Africa. Annals of the Natal Museum 6: 238." type="journal article" year="1929">Connolly, 1929</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D0A5657ED54DFFD5FD37AABEFCC4D08B" box="[718,871,898,925]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="description">
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<paragraph id="980036F5D54DFFD5FD37AABEFCC4D08B" blockId="29.[529,1059,861,925]" box="[718,871,898,925]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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<figureCitation id="00842A70D54DFFD5FD37AABEFC84D08A" box="[718,807,898,925]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="31.[189,232,1893,1919]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,263,1850]" captionTargetId="figure@31.[189,1399,263,1850]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Fig. 15. Chondrocyclus trifimbriatus Connolly, 1929. A. Holotype (NHMUK 1928.3.16.5). B. Dorsal view (ELM W3661). C. Ventral view (ELM W3661). D, F. Operculum (NMSA A8000). E. Portion of radula (ELM W3661). G. Penis, dorsal view (NMSA W1115). Scale bars: A = 3 mm; B–C = 2 mm; D, F–G = 500 µm; E = 20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3517552" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3517552/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figs 15</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="00842A70D54DFFD5FCCDAABEFCC4D08B" box="[820,871,898,924]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="32.[189,232,740,766]" captionTargetBox="[194,1391,261,694]" captionTargetId="figure@32.[189,1398,255,699]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="Fig. 16. Distribution map of Chondrocyclus species in the Eastern clade. A. Species in KwaZulu-Natal and the eastern half of the Eastern Cape, on the coast and extending inland. B. Species on the Eastern Cape coast. Note that the range of C. pondoensis sp. nov. overlaps with that of C. putealis Connolly, 1939 and C. cooperae sp. nov. T indicates type localities. Major cities and rivers are labelled." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3517554" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3517554/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">16A</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D0A5657ED54DFFD5FF44AAF9FB37D751" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="980036F5D54DFFD5FF44AAF9FDB2D713" blockId="29.[189,1399,964,1028]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="B8AF11DBD54DFFD5FF44AAF9FDB2D713" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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<treatmentCitation id="191E10E4D54DFFD5FF44AAF9FCA6D0C8" author="Connolly M." box="[189,773,965,991]" page="241" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" year="1929">
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<taxonomicName id="5FBF4D76D54DFFD5FF44AAF9FCA6D0C8" ID-CoL="5XZJ2" authority="Connolly" authorityName="Connolly" authorityPageNumber="241" authorityYear="1929" box="[189,773,965,991]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Chondrocyclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="trifimbriatus">
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<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D54DFFD5FF44AAF9FDAAD0C8" box="[189,521,965,991]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Chondrocyclus trifimbriatus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="FC2E4B04D54DFFD5FDE9AAF9FCA6D0C8" author="Connolly M." box="[528,773,965,991]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="238" refId="ref47737" refString="Connolly M. 1929. New non-marine mollusca from South Africa. Annals of the Natal Museum 6: 238." type="journal article" year="1929">Connolly, 1929: 241</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
, pl. xiv, figs 35–39 (
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<typeStatus id="47048857D54DFFD5FC0FAAF9FB89D0C8" box="[1014,1066,965,991]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">type</typeStatus>
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loc.: Karkloof, bush behind Karkloof Falls [Falcon]).
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="980036F5D54DFFD5FF44AD10FB37D751" blockId="29.[189,1172,1068,1095]" box="[189,1172,1068,1095]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="B8AF11DBD54DFFD5FF44AD10FB37D751" box="[189,1172,1068,1095]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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<treatmentCitation id="191E10E4D54DFFD5FF44AD10FCB7D750" author="Connolly M." box="[189,788,1068,1095]" page="538" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" year="1939">
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<taxonomicName id="5FBF4D76D54DFFD5FF44AD10FCB7D750" ID-CoL="5XZJ2" authority="Connolly 1939" authorityName="Connolly" authorityPageNumber="538" authorityYear="1939" box="[189,788,1068,1095]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Chondrocyclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="trifimbriatus">
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<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D54DFFD5FF44AD10FDABD751" box="[189,520,1068,1094]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Chondrocyclus trifimbriatus</emphasis>
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–
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<bibRefCitation id="FC2E4B04D54DFFD5FDDCAD10FCB7D750" author="Connolly M." box="[549,788,1068,1095]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="1 - 660" refId="ref47758" refString="Connolly M. 1939. A monographic survey of South African non-marine Mollusca. Annals of the South African Museum 33: 1 - 660." type="journal article" year="1939">Connolly 1939: 538</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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. —
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<treatmentCitation id="191E10E4D54DFFD5FCBAAD10FB33D751" author="Herbert D. & Kilburn D." box="[835,1168,1068,1094]" page="92" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" year="2004">
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<bibRefCitation id="FC2E4B04D54DFFD5FCBAAD10FB33D751" author="Herbert D. & Kilburn D." box="[835,1168,1068,1094]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" refId="ref49472" refString="Herbert D. & Kilburn D. 2004. Field Guide to the Land Snails and Slugs of Eastern South Africa. Natal Museum, Pietermaritzburg." type="book" year="2004">Herbert & Kilburn 2004: 92</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="D0A5657ED54DFFD5FF44AD52FAD4D678" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="980036F5D54DFFD5FF44AD52FE95D79F" blockId="29.[189,310,1134,1160]" box="[189,310,1134,1160]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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||
<heading id="C3488199D54DFFD5FF44AD52FE95D79F" bold="true" box="[189,310,1134,1160]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D54DFFD5FF44AD52FE95D79F" bold="true" box="[189,310,1134,1160]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="980036F5D54DFFD5FF44ADA2FAD4D678" blockId="29.[189,1399,1182,1392]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Shell small, depressed, lenticular; periostracum with dense axial costae developing five rows of flanges on last whorl: just below suture, at periphery, around umbilicus and two weaker rows on either side of periphery; operculum duplex, exterior portion shallowly concave with step-shaped multispiral lamella terminating in a long solid fringe reflexed over peristome; radula with three large cusps on second lateral tooth, cusps of rachidian, first and second lateral teeth fairly uniform in size; penis flattened dorsoventrally and laterally expanded on left side from about midway down the shaft, intromittent organ relatively long.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D0A5657ED54DFFD5FF44ACA4FB78D511" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="980036F5D54DFFD5FF44ACA4FEE7D6A5" blockId="29.[189,324,1432,1458]" box="[189,324,1432,1458]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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<heading id="C3488199D54DFFD5FF44ACA4FEE7D6A5" bold="true" box="[189,324,1432,1458]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D54DFFD5FF44ACA4FEE7D6A5" bold="true" box="[189,324,1432,1458]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Etymology</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="980036F5D54DFFD5FF44ACFBFB78D511" blockId="29.[189,1399,1479,1543]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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The specific name is derived from the Latin ‘
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<taxonomicName id="5FBF4D76D54DFFD5FD25ACF4FCA4D6F6" authorityName="Bruggen" authorityYear="2008" box="[732,775,1480,1505]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Cyathopoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tres">
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<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D54DFFD5FD25ACF4FCA4D6F6" box="[732,775,1480,1505]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">tres</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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’, meaning ‘three’, and ‘
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<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D54DFFD5FBD2ACF4FB2ED6F5" box="[1067,1165,1480,1506]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">fimbriae</emphasis>
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’, meaning ‘fringe’, with reference to the three spiral cords of compacted flange-like bristles on the last whorl.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D0A5657ED54DFFD6FF44AF13FECCD25E" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="980036F5D54DFFD5FF44AF13FE4FD55E" blockId="29.[189,492,1583,1609]" box="[189,492,1583,1609]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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<heading id="C3488199D54DFFD5FF44AF13FE4FD55E" bold="true" box="[189,492,1583,1609]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" reason="3">
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||
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D54DFFD5FF44AF13FE4FD55E" bold="true" box="[189,492,1583,1609]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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||
<typeStatus id="47048857D54DFFD5FF44AF13FF59D55E" box="[189,250,1583,1609]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Type</typeStatus>
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material examined
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</emphasis>
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="980036F5D54DFFD5FF13AF63FEFFD56E" blockId="29.[189,1399,1631,1730]" box="[234,348,1631,1657]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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||
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D54DFFD5FF13AF63FEFFD56E" bold="true" box="[234,348,1631,1657]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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||
<typeStatus id="47048857D54DFFD5FF13AF63FEFFD56E" box="[234,348,1631,1657]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="980036F5D54DFFD5FF44AFBFFE70D5D5" blockId="29.[189,1399,1631,1730]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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||
<collectingCountry id="E0A87665D54DFFD5FF44AFBFFE30D58A" box="[189,403,1667,1693]" name="South Africa" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">SOUTH AFRICA</collectingCountry>
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||
–
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<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D54DFFD5FE43AFBFFDDCD58A" bold="true" box="[442,639,1667,1693]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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||
<collectingRegion id="5A7BF817D54DFFD5FE43AFBFFDDCD58A" box="[442,639,1667,1693]" country="South Africa" name="KwaZulu-Natal" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">KwaZulu-Natal</collectingRegion>
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</emphasis>
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[Natal] • Karkloof, Natal; presented by W. Falcon; NHMUK 1928.3.16.5. (
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<figureCitation id="00842A70D54DFFD5FE99AF94FE69D5D5" box="[352,458,1703,1730]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="31.[189,232,1893,1919]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,263,1850]" captionTargetId="figure@31.[189,1399,263,1850]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Fig. 15. Chondrocyclus trifimbriatus Connolly, 1929. A. Holotype (NHMUK 1928.3.16.5). B. Dorsal view (ELM W3661). C. Ventral view (ELM W3661). D, F. Operculum (NMSA A8000). E. Portion of radula (ELM W3661). G. Penis, dorsal view (NMSA W1115). Scale bars: A = 3 mm; B–C = 2 mm; D, F–G = 500 µm; E = 20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3517552" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3517552/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 15A</figureCitation>
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||
)
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="980036F5D54DFFD5FF44AFD6FE5AD413" blockId="29.[189,505,1770,1796]" box="[189,505,1770,1796]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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||
<heading id="C3488199D54DFFD5FF44AFD6FE5AD413" bold="true" box="[189,505,1770,1796]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" reason="3">
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||
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D54DFFD5FF44AFD6FE5AD413" bold="true" box="[189,505,1770,1796]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Other material examined</emphasis>
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="980036F5D54DFFD6FF44AE26FECCD25E" blockId="29.[189,1399,1818,2027]" lastBlockId="30.[189,1398,267,329]" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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||
<materialsCitation id="28D73CA8D54DFFD5FF44AE26FC59D44E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2429182724" collectionCode="NMSA" collectorName="W. Falcon" country="South Africa" elevation="1350" latitude="-29.315" location="The Start'" longLatPrecision="48" longitude="30.25" municipality="Karkloof River valley" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" specimenCode="A8000" specimenCount="6" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">
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||
<collectingCountry id="E0A87665D54DFFD5FF44AE26FE33D423" box="[189,400,1818,1844]" name="South Africa" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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||
<collectionCode id="FEAEAE30D54DFFD5FF44AE26FEBCD423" box="[189,287,1818,1844]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">SOUTH</collectionCode>
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||
AFRICA
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||
</collectingCountry>
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||
–
|
||
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D54DFFD5FE4BAE26FDD4D423" bold="true" box="[434,631,1818,1844]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="5A7BF817D54DFFD5FE4BAE26FDD4D423" box="[434,631,1818,1844]" country="South Africa" name="KwaZulu-Natal" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">KwaZulu-Natal</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D54DFFD5FD79AE27FD29D423" box="[640,650,1819,1844]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">•</emphasis>
|
||
<specimenCount id="8EB9FD7CD54DFFD5FD6DAE26FC89D423" box="[660,810,1818,1844]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="generic">6 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="7864AC8FD54DFFD5FCC1AE26FB9DD423" box="[824,1086,1818,1844]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Karkloof River valley</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
, southwest of ‘
|
||
<location id="9D60602ED54DFFD5FB08AE26FAD1D423" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:101687E3D54DFFE8FDE8AA61FEBAD6D6:9D60602ED54DFFD5FB08AE26FAD1D423" box="[1265,1394,1818,1844]" country="South Africa" latitude="-29.315" longLatPrecision="48" longitude="30.25" municipality="Karkloof River valley" name="The Start'" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">The Start’</location>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="FD8B5032D54DFFD5FF44AE02FE9DD44E" box="[189,318,1854,1881]" degrees="29.3150" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" precision="5" value="-29.315">29.3150° S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="FD8B5032D54DFFD5FEB7AE02FE60D44E" box="[334,451,1854,1881]" degrees="30.250" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" precision="55" value="30.25">30.250° E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<elevation id="1392D1C6D54DFFD5FE2AAE02FDD1D44E" box="[467,626,1854,1881]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="m" value="1350.0">
|
||
<quantity id="5F479B10D54DFFD5FE2AAE02FD8CD44E" box="[467,559,1854,1881]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="m" value="1350.0">1350 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l.
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName id="354A5323D54DFFD5FD7BAE03FD5ED44E" box="[642,765,1855,1881]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">W. Falcon</collectorName>
|
||
coll.;
|
||
<collectionCode id="FEAEAE30D54DFFD5FCB7AE03FC02D44E" box="[846,929,1855,1881]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" name="KwaZulu-Natal Museum" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="Museum">NMSA</collectionCode>
|
||
<specimenCode id="C8199E8ED54DFFD5FC53AE03FC1CD44E" box="[938,959,1855,1881]" collectionCode="NMSA" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" name="KwaZulu-Natal Museum" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="Museum">A</specimenCode>
|
||
8000
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="28D73CA8D54DFFD5FBE0AE03FBFAD4B5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2429182659" collectingDate="2003-10-20" collectionCode="NMSA" collectorName="D. Herbert & M. Bursey & T. Nangammbi" country="South Africa" elevation="1200" latitude="-28.7227" location="Chibini area" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="31.1282" municipality="Nkandla Forest Reserve" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" specimenCode="W1115" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">
|
||
<specimenCount id="8EB9FD7CD54DFFD5FBE0AE03FB13D44E" box="[1049,1200,1855,1881]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="7864AC8FD54DFFD5FB46AE03FEBDD469" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Nkandla Forest Reserve</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="9D60602ED54DFFD5FED2AE5FFE63D469" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:101687E3D54DFFE8FDE8AA61FEBAD6D6:9D60602ED54DFFD5FED2AE5FFE63D469" box="[299,448,1891,1918]" country="South Africa" latitude="-28.7227" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="31.1282" municipality="Nkandla Forest Reserve" name="Chibini area" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">Chibini area</location>
|
||
, scarp forest;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="FD8B5032D54DFFD5FD9EAE5FFD44D46A" box="[615,743,1891,1917]" degrees="28.7227" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" precision="5" value="-28.7227">28.7227°S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="FD8B5032D54DFFD5FD0FAE5FFCDAD469" box="[758,889,1891,1918]" degrees="31.1282" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" precision="5" value="31.1282">31.1282°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; ±
|
||
<elevation id="1392D1C6D54DFFD5FC62AE5FFB95D46A" box="[923,1078,1891,1918]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="m" value="1200.0">
|
||
<quantity id="5F479B10D54DFFD5FC62AE5FFC56D469" box="[923,1013,1891,1918]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="m" value="1200.0">1200 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l.
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
;
|
||
<date id="EC011035D54DFFD5FBBCAE5FFB40D46A" box="[1093,1251,1891,1917]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" value="2003-10-20">
|
||
<collectingDate id="FC45E9DDD54DFFD5FBBCAE5FFB40D46A" box="[1093,1251,1891,1917]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" value="2003-10-20">
|
||
20
|
||
<date id="EC011035D54DFFD5FB92AE5FFB40D46A" box="[1131,1251,1891,1917]" month="10" monthName="Oct" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" year="2003">Oct. 2003</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName id="354A5323D54DFFD5FB09AE58FAD0D46A" box="[1264,1395,1891,1918]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">D. Herbert</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="354A5323D54DFFD5FF44AEB4FE9BD4B5" box="[189,312,1928,1954]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">M. Bursey</collectorName>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectorName id="354A5323D54DFFD5FE89AEB4FDBCD4B5" box="[368,543,1928,1954]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<collectionCode id="FEAEAE30D54DFFD5FE89AEB4FE20D4B5" box="[368,387,1928,1954]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">T</collectionCode>
|
||
. Nangammbi
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
leg.; under logs and in leaf litter;
|
||
<collectionCode id="FEAEAE30D54DFFD5FC52AEB4FC5DD4B5" box="[939,1022,1928,1954]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" name="KwaZulu-Natal Museum" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="Museum">NMSA</collectionCode>
|
||
<specimenCode id="C8199E8ED54DFFD5FBFDAEBBFB83D4B5" box="[1028,1056,1927,1954]" collectionCode="NMSA" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" name="KwaZulu-Natal Museum" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="Museum">W</specimenCode>
|
||
1115
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="28D73CA8D54DFFD5FB88AEB4FEBFD4FC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2429182636" collectingDate="2010-10-29" collectionCode="ELM" collectorName="M. Cole" country="South Africa" elevation="680" latitude="-28.8852" location="Eshowe" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="31.3797" municipality="Entumeni Forest" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">
|
||
<specimenCount id="8EB9FD7CD54DFFD5FB88AEB4FB5AD4B5" box="[1137,1273,1928,1954]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="7864AC8FD54DFFD5FAFDAEB4FEAAD4D0" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Entumeni Forest</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="5F479B10D54DFFD5FEEFAE91FEF0D4D1" box="[278,339,1964,1991]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="km" value="7.0">7 km</quantity>
|
||
west of
|
||
<location id="9D60602ED54DFFD5FE45AE90FDBED4D1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:101687E3D54DFFE8FDE8AA61FEBAD6D6:9D60602ED54DFFD5FE45AE90FDBED4D1" box="[444,541,1964,1990]" country="South Africa" latitude="-28.8852" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="31.3797" municipality="Entumeni Forest" name="Eshowe" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">Eshowe</location>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="FD8B5032D54DFFD5FDD3AE90FD09D4D1" box="[554,682,1964,1991]" degrees="28.8852" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" precision="5" value="-28.8852">28.8852°S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="FD8B5032D54DFFD5FD40AE90FC9FD4D0" box="[697,828,1964,1991]" degrees="31.3797" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" precision="5" value="31.3797">31.3797°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<elevation id="1392D1C6D54DFFD5FCB3AE90FC74D4D1" box="[842,983,1964,1991]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.8" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="m" value="680.0">
|
||
<quantity id="5F479B10D54DFFD5FCB3AE90FC35D4D0" box="[842,918,1964,1991]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.8" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="m" value="680.0">680 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l.
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
;
|
||
<date id="EC011035D54DFFD5FC1FAE90FB26D4D1" box="[998,1157,1964,1990]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" value="2010-10-29">
|
||
<collectingDate id="FC45E9DDD54DFFD5FC1FAE90FB26D4D1" box="[998,1157,1964,1990]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" value="2010-10-29">
|
||
29
|
||
<date id="EC011035D54DFFD5FBF5AE90FB26D4D1" box="[1036,1157,1964,1990]" month="10" monthName="Oct" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" year="2010">Oct. 2010</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName id="354A5323D54DFFD5FB6BAE91FB50D4D1" box="[1170,1267,1964,1991]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">M. Cole</collectorName>
|
||
leg.;
|
||
<collectionCode id="FEAEAE30D54DFFD5FAC1AE91FAD5D4D0" box="[1336,1398,1965,1991]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9trn-613c" name="East London Museum" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">ELM</collectionCode>
|
||
D16966
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="28D73CA8D54DFFD5FECBAEEDFBBBD4FC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2429182685" box="[306,1048,2001,2027]" collectingDate="2010-10-29" collectionCode="ELM" collectorName="M. Cole" country="South Africa" elevation="680" latitude="-28.8852" location="Eshowe" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="31.3797" municipality="Entumeni Forest" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" specimenCode="W3692" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">
|
||
<specimenCount id="8EB9FD7CD54DFFD5FECBAEEDFE1AD4FC" box="[306,441,2001,2027]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
; same collection data as for preceding;
|
||
<collectionCode id="FEAEAE30D54DFFD5FC86AEEDFC1ED4FC" box="[895,957,2001,2027]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9trn-613c" name="East London Museum" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">ELM</collectionCode>
|
||
<specimenCode id="C8199E8ED54DFFD5FC3BAEEDFC7DD4FC" box="[962,990,2001,2027]" collectionCode="ELM" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9trn-613c" name="East London Museum" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">W</specimenCode>
|
||
3692
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="28D73CA8D54DFFD6FBD6AEEDFCA5D232" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2429182569" collectingDate="2010-01-13" collectionCode="ELM" collectorName="M. Cole" country="South Africa" elevation="680" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="31" latitude="-28.8852" location="Eshowe" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="31.3797" municipality="Entumeni Forest" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">
|
||
<specimenCount id="8EB9FD7CD54DFFD5FBD6AEEDFB15D4FC" box="[1071,1206,2001,2027]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
; same collection data as for preceding;
|
||
<date id="EC011035D54EFFD6FE39A837FDF4D232" box="[448,599,267,294]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" value="2010-01-13">
|
||
<collectingDate id="FC45E9DDD54EFFD6FE39A837FDF4D232" box="[448,599,267,294]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" value="2010-01-13">
|
||
13
|
||
<date id="EC011035D54EFFD6FE1DA830FDF4D232" box="[484,599,267,294]" month="01" monthName="Jan" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" year="2010">Jan. 2010</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectionCode id="FEAEAE30D54EFFD6FD9AA830FD02D231" box="[611,673,268,294]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9trn-613c" name="East London Museum" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">ELM</collectionCode>
|
||
D17003
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="28D73CA8D54EFFD6FCE7A837FEC9D25E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2429182697" collectingDate="2010-01-13" collectionCode="ELM" collectorName="M. Cole" country="South Africa" elevation="680" latitude="-28.8852" location="Eshowe" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="31.3797" municipality="Entumeni Forest" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" specimenCount="3" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">
|
||
<specimenCount id="8EB9FD7CD54EFFD6FCE7A837FC11D232" box="[798,946,267,293]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="generic">3 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
; same collection data as for preceding;
|
||
<collectionCode id="FEAEAE30D54EFFD6FF44A813FF58D25E" box="[189,251,303,329]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9trn-613c" name="East London Museum" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">ELM</collectionCode>
|
||
W03661
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D0A5657ED54EFFD6FF44A84CFAC5D69F" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="980036F5D54EFFD6FF44A84CFEEDD29D" blockId="30.[189,334,368,394]" box="[189,334,368,394]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<heading id="C3488199D54EFFD6FF44A84CFEEDD29D" bold="true" box="[189,334,368,394]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D54EFFD6FF44A84CFEEDD29D" bold="true" box="[189,334,368,394]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Description</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="980036F5D54EFFD6FF44A89CFA88D073" blockId="30.[189,1399,415,869]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
SHELL (
|
||
<figureCitation id="00842A70D54EFFD6FEE8A8A3FEC1D2AD" box="[273,354,415,442]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="31.[189,232,1893,1919]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,263,1850]" captionTargetId="figure@31.[189,1399,263,1850]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Fig. 15. Chondrocyclus trifimbriatus Connolly, 1929. A. Holotype (NHMUK 1928.3.16.5). B. Dorsal view (ELM W3661). C. Ventral view (ELM W3661). D, F. Operculum (NMSA A8000). E. Portion of radula (ELM W3661). G. Penis, dorsal view (NMSA W1115). Scale bars: A = 3 mm; B–C = 2 mm; D, F–G = 500 µm; E = 20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3517552" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3517552/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
|
||
A–C). Small, depressed, lenticular, adult diameter
|
||
<quantity id="5F479B10D54EFFD6FC55A89CFBE5D2AD" box="[940,1094,416,442]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.135" metricValueMax="4.37" metricValueMin="3.9" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="4.135" valueMax="4.37" valueMin="3.9">3.9–4.37 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<quantity id="5F479B10D54EFFD6FBADA8A3FB5CD2AD" box="[1108,1279,415,442]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.845" metricValueMax="5.32" metricValueMin="4.37" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="4.845" valueMax="5.32" valueMin="4.37">4.37–5.32 mm</quantity>
|
||
Entumeni population), height
|
||
<quantity id="5F479B10D54EFFD6FE57A8FFFDFDD2C9" box="[430,606,451,478]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.305" metricValueMax="2.66" metricValueMin="1.95" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="2.305" valueMax="2.66" valueMin="1.95">1.95–2.66 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<quantity id="5F479B10D54EFFD6FD8AA8FFFC86D2C9" box="[627,805,451,478]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.625" metricValueMax="2.86" metricValueMin="2.39" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="2.625" valueMax="2.86" valueMin="2.39">2.39–2.86 mm</quantity>
|
||
Entumeni population), diameter:height 1.65–2.0 (
|
||
<quantity id="5F479B10D54EFFD6FF3CA8DBFED4D116" box="[197,375,487,513]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.82" metricValueMax="2.02" metricValueMin="1.62" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="1.82" valueMax="2.02" valueMin="1.62">1.62–2.02 mm</quantity>
|
||
Entumeni population) (n = 5
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5FBF4D76D54EFFD6FD0CA8DBFC13D116" authorityName="- Connolly" authorityYear="1939" box="[757,944,487,513]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Chondrocyclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="trifimbriatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D54EFFD6FD0CA8DBFC13D116" box="[757,944,487,513]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">C. trifimbriatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<typeStatus id="47048857D54EFFD6FBFAA8DBFB95D116" box="[1027,1078,487,513]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality; n = 6 Entumeni population). Spire not much raised, protoconch sub-mammillate (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FC2E4B04D54EFFD6FC24AB36FB3BD133" author="Connolly M." box="[989,1176,522,548]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="238" refId="ref47737" refString="Connolly M. 1929. New non-marine mollusca from South Africa. Annals of the Natal Museum 6: 238." type="journal article" year="1929">
|
||
Connolly
|
||
<date id="EC011035D54EFFD6FBA0AB36FB3BD133" box="[1113,1176,522,548]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" value="1929">1929</date>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Embryonic shell two whorls, microscopically malleate, junction between embryonic shell and teleoconch evident with development of costae on teleoconch. Teleoconch comprising 2.75 whorls, convex, rapidly increasing, suture deeply impressed. Aperture circular, last whorl descending near aperture, peristome simple, continuous and free. Umbilicus wide and deep, exposing all the whorls. Periostracum glossy, honeybrown and lacquer-like with dense lamellate axial costae at regular intervals, approx. 150–155 (n = 4) on last whorl in specimens from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="47048857D54EFFD6FDB3ABDCFDDED1ED" box="[586,637,736,762]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality, but varying between populations (see Remarks below), expanded into quadrangularly-shaped flanges at periphery, immediately below the suture and around the umbilicus, the row at the periphery the strongest, and with two less prominent rows of lower-standing flanges on either side of periphery. Shell translucent, glossy, corneous yellow-brown when fresh.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="980036F5D54EFFD6FF44AAB0FC74D0B1" blockId="30.[189,983,908,934]" box="[189,983,908,934]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">LIVING ANIMAL. Creamy white with slight pigmentation on tentacles.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="980036F5D54EFFD6FF44AAF2FBF0D761" blockId="30.[189,1398,973,1142]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
OPERCULUM (
|
||
<figureCitation id="00842A70D54EFFD6FEACAAF2FE40D0FF" box="[341,483,973,1000]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="31.[189,232,1893,1919]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,263,1850]" captionTargetId="figure@31.[189,1399,263,1850]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Fig. 15. Chondrocyclus trifimbriatus Connolly, 1929. A. Holotype (NHMUK 1928.3.16.5). B. Dorsal view (ELM W3661). C. Ventral view (ELM W3661). D, F. Operculum (NMSA A8000). E. Portion of radula (ELM W3661). G. Penis, dorsal view (NMSA W1115). Scale bars: A = 3 mm; B–C = 2 mm; D, F–G = 500 µm; E = 20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3517552" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3517552/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Fig. 15D, F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Duplex, lamella of outer multispiral portion with 4.25 whorls, step-shaped; on outer surface of lamellar blade a long, solid fringe curves upwards and then outwards forming a groove between fringe and lamellar blade, spanned by a very loose network of bristles; a very short solid horizontal fringe emanates just below main fringe; upper edge of lamella thin and projects above fringe in side view; outer surface of lamellar blade tuberculate at high magnification.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="980036F5D54EFFD6FF44ADA2FD61D634" blockId="30.[189,1399,1181,1315]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5FBF4D76D54EFFD6FF44ADA2FEBAD7A1" box="[189,281,1182,1208]" pageId="30" pageNumber="82" rank="species" species="radula">RADULA</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="00842A70D54EFFD6FED2ADA2FE37D7AF" box="[299,404,1181,1208]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="31.[189,232,1893,1919]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,263,1850]" captionTargetId="figure@31.[189,1399,263,1850]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Fig. 15. Chondrocyclus trifimbriatus Connolly, 1929. A. Holotype (NHMUK 1928.3.16.5). B. Dorsal view (ELM W3661). C. Ventral view (ELM W3661). D, F. Operculum (NMSA A8000). E. Portion of radula (ELM W3661). G. Penis, dorsal view (NMSA W1115). Scale bars: A = 3 mm; B–C = 2 mm; D, F–G = 500 µm; E = 20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3517552" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3517552/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Fig. 15E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Rachidian with five cusps, approx. equivalent length; first and second lateral teeth similar, each with five cusps, first three cusps approx. equivalent in size, the fourth very small and the fifth (from centre) vestigial; cusps increase in size very slightly from central tooth outwards, but there is not a large difference in size between cusps.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="980036F5D54EFFD6FF44AC77FAC5D69F" blockId="30.[189,1398,1354,1416]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
PENIS (
|
||
<figureCitation id="00842A70D54EFFD6FEF5AC76FEDBD672" box="[268,376,1354,1381]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="31.[189,232,1893,1919]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,263,1850]" captionTargetId="figure@31.[189,1399,263,1850]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Fig. 15. Chondrocyclus trifimbriatus Connolly, 1929. A. Holotype (NHMUK 1928.3.16.5). B. Dorsal view (ELM W3661). C. Ventral view (ELM W3661). D, F. Operculum (NMSA A8000). E. Portion of radula (ELM W3661). G. Penis, dorsal view (NMSA W1115). Scale bars: A = 3 mm; B–C = 2 mm; D, F–G = 500 µm; E = 20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3517552" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3517552/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Fig. 15G</figureCitation>
|
||
). flattened dorsoventrally and laterally expanded on left side from about midway down the shaft, with numerous annular rugae, smooth distal end narrows, intromittent organ relatively long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D0A5657ED54EFFD6FF44AC93FC9ED5FB" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="980036F5D54EFFD6FF44AC93FE4DD6DE" blockId="30.[189,494,1455,1482]" box="[189,494,1455,1482]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<heading id="C3488199D54EFFD6FF44AC93FE4DD6DE" bold="true" box="[189,494,1455,1482]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D54EFFD6FF44AC93FE4DD6DE" bold="true" box="[189,494,1455,1482]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Distribution and habitat</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="980036F5D54EFFD6FF44ACE2FE86D574" blockId="30.[189,1399,1502,1635]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
Originally known only from Karkloof River Valley, downstream of Karkloof Falls, but the species appears to have disappeared from the Karkloof vicinity (
|
||
<figureCitation id="00842A70D54EFFD6FC9AAF3EFC71D50A" box="[867,978,1538,1565]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="32.[189,232,740,766]" captionTargetBox="[194,1391,261,694]" captionTargetId="figure@32.[189,1398,255,699]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="Fig. 16. Distribution map of Chondrocyclus species in the Eastern clade. A. Species in KwaZulu-Natal and the eastern half of the Eastern Cape, on the coast and extending inland. B. Species on the Eastern Cape coast. Note that the range of C. pondoensis sp. nov. overlaps with that of C. putealis Connolly, 1939 and C. cooperae sp. nov. T indicates type localities. Major cities and rivers are labelled." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3517554" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3517554/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Fig. 16A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Specimens recently discovered at Entumeni and Nkandla forests are considered here to be
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5FBF4D76D54EFFD6FCA9AF1AFBA6D528" authorityName="- Connolly" authorityYear="1939" box="[848,1029,1573,1600]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Chondrocyclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="trifimbriatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D54EFFD6FCA9AF1AFBA6D528" box="[848,1029,1573,1600]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">C. trifimbriatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on comparison with
|
||
<typeStatus id="47048857D54EFFD6FABDAF1AFAD4D557" box="[1348,1399,1574,1600]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">type</typeStatus>
|
||
material.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="980036F5D54EFFD6FF44AFB7FC9ED5FB" blockId="30.[189,1399,1675,1773]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
No habitat data available for original specimens, but indigenous Eastern Mistbelt Forest (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FC2E4B04D54EFFD6FB12AFB7FEE4D5DF" author="von Maltitz G. & Mucina L. & Geldenhuys C. & Lawes M. & Eeley H. & Adie H. & Vink D. & Fleming G. & Bailey C." pageId="30" pageNumber="31" refId="ref52802" refString="von Maltitz G., Mucina L., Geldenhuys C., Lawes M., Eeley H., Adie H., Vink D., Fleming G. & Bailey C. 2003. Classification System for South African Indigenous Forests. CSIR, Pretoria." type="book" year="2003">
|
||
von Maltitz
|
||
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D54EFFD6FF44AF93FF5DD5DF" box="[189,254,1710,1736]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
<date id="EC011035D54EFFD6FEF2AF92FEE4D5DF" box="[267,327,1710,1736]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" value="2003">2003</date>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) occurs in the Karkloof vicinity. Recently collected specimens occur in Scarp forests (Entumeni) and Mistbelt/Scarp (Nkandla) in leaf litter.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D0A5657ED54EFFE8FF44AE28FEBAD6D6" lastPageId="32" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="980036F5D54EFFD6FF44AE28FE8CD439" blockId="30.[189,303,1812,1838]" box="[189,303,1812,1838]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<heading id="C3488199D54EFFD6FF44AE28FE8CD439" bold="true" box="[189,303,1812,1838]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D54EFFD6FF44AE28FE8CD439" bold="true" box="[189,303,1812,1838]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="980036F5D54EFFE8FF44AE7EFBE2D770" blockId="30.[189,1399,1858,2027]" lastBlockId="32.[189,1399,960,1127]" lastPageId="32" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
There are morphological differences between populations from different localities. Specimens from Entumeni (
|
||
<figureCitation id="00842A70D54EFFD6FEC6AE5AFE32D496" box="[319,401,1894,1921]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="31.[189,232,1893,1919]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,263,1850]" captionTargetId="figure@31.[189,1399,263,1850]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Fig. 15. Chondrocyclus trifimbriatus Connolly, 1929. A. Holotype (NHMUK 1928.3.16.5). B. Dorsal view (ELM W3661). C. Ventral view (ELM W3661). D, F. Operculum (NMSA A8000). E. Portion of radula (ELM W3661). G. Penis, dorsal view (NMSA W1115). Scale bars: A = 3 mm; B–C = 2 mm; D, F–G = 500 µm; E = 20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3517552" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3517552/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
|
||
B–C) lack the spiral row of flanges just below the suture and the weak row below the periphery. Specimens from Nkandla also bear fewer spiral cords than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5FBF4D76D54EFFD6FC03AEB6FB12D4B3" authorityName="- Connolly" authorityYear="1939" box="[1018,1201,1930,1956]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Chondrocyclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="trifimbriatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D54EFFD6FC03AEB6FB12D4B3" box="[1018,1201,1930,1956]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">C. trifimbriatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: there is a spiral cord just below suture and one between periphery and umbilicus but the weak cords on either side of periphery are absent. Although not many specimens were available to measure (four from Karkloof, six from Entumeni and two from Nkandla), D:H ratio is similar throughout but the axial costae on last whorl are more dense in Entumeni specimens (approx. 200) and less dense in Nkandla specimens (117) compared to
|
||
<quantity id="5F479B10D570FFE8FEA1AD3AFE7ED737" box="[344,477,1030,1057]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8735" metricValueMax="3.937" metricValueMin="3.81" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" unit="in" value="152.5" valueMax="155.0" valueMin="150.0">150–155 in</quantity>
|
||
Karkloof specimens. The opercula of specimens from Entumeni and Nkandla are similar to the operculum of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5FBF4D76D570FFE8FDC6AD16FD54D754" authorityName="- Connolly" authorityYear="1939" box="[575,759,1065,1092]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Chondrocyclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="trifimbriatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D570FFE8FDC6AD16FD54D754" box="[575,759,1065,1092]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">C. trifimbriatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="47048857D570FFE8FC88AD16FC07D753" box="[881,932,1066,1092]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality (
|
||
<figureCitation id="00842A70D570FFE8FBE1AD15FB2BD753" box="[1048,1160,1065,1092]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="31.[189,232,1893,1919]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,263,1850]" captionTargetId="figure@31.[189,1399,263,1850]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Fig. 15. Chondrocyclus trifimbriatus Connolly, 1929. A. Holotype (NHMUK 1928.3.16.5). B. Dorsal view (ELM W3661). C. Ventral view (ELM W3661). D, F. Operculum (NMSA A8000). E. Portion of radula (ELM W3661). G. Penis, dorsal view (NMSA W1115). Scale bars: A = 3 mm; B–C = 2 mm; D, F–G = 500 µm; E = 20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3517552" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3517552/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 15D</figureCitation>
|
||
). The radulae of all populations agree with the descriptions and figure of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FC2E4B04D570FFE8FCD4AD70FC4BD770" author="Connolly M." box="[813,1000,1100,1127]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="238" refId="ref47737" refString="Connolly M. 1929. New non-marine mollusca from South Africa. Annals of the Natal Museum 6: 238." type="journal article" year="1929">
|
||
Connolly (
|
||
<date id="EC011035D570FFE8FC53AD71FC4BD770" box="[938,1000,1101,1127]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="1929">1929</date>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FC2E4B04D570FFE8FC0CAD71FB97D770" author="Connolly M." box="[1013,1076,1101,1127]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="1 - 660" refId="ref47758" refString="Connolly M. 1939. A monographic survey of South African non-marine Mollusca. Annals of the South African Museum 33: 1 - 660." type="journal article" year="1939">
|
||
<date id="EC011035D570FFE8FC0CAD71FB97D770" box="[1013,1076,1101,1127]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="1939">1939</date>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="CCC0667DD54FFFD7FF44AE59FDA3D4FE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3517552" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3517552" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3517552/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" startId="31.[189,232,1893,1919]" targetBox="[189,1399,263,1850]" targetPageId="31">
|
||
<paragraph id="980036F5D54FFFD7FF44AE59FDA3D4FE" blockId="31.[189,1398,1893,2026]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D54FFFD7FF44AE59FEB8D468" bold="true" box="[189,283,1893,1919]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Fig. 15.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5FBF4D76D54FFFD7FEDDAE59FC90D468" authority="Connolly, 1929" authorityName="Connolly" authorityYear="1929" box="[292,819,1893,1919]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Chondrocyclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="trifimbriatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D54FFFD7FEDDAE59FDD2D468" box="[292,625,1893,1919]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Chondrocyclus trifimbriatus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FC2E4B04D54FFFD7FD83AE59FC90D468" author="Connolly M." box="[634,819,1893,1919]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="238" refId="ref47737" refString="Connolly M. 1929. New non-marine mollusca from South Africa. Annals of the Natal Museum 6: 238." type="journal article" year="1929">Connolly, 1929</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D54FFFD7FCB8AE59FCF5D468" bold="true" box="[833,854,1893,1919]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">A</emphasis>
|
||
. Holotype (NHMUK 1928.3.16.5).
|
||
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D54FFFD7FAFDAE59FABBD468" bold="true" box="[1284,1304,1893,1919]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">B</emphasis>
|
||
. Dorsal view (ELM W3661).
|
||
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D54FFFD7FE44AEB4FE71D4B5" bold="true" box="[445,466,1928,1954]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">C</emphasis>
|
||
. Ventral view (ELM W3661).
|
||
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D54FFFD7FCC7AEB5FCD7D4B4" bold="true" box="[830,884,1929,1955]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">D, F</emphasis>
|
||
. Operculum (NMSA A8000).
|
||
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D54FFFD7FB25AEB5FB53D4B4" bold="true" box="[1244,1264,1929,1955]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">E</emphasis>
|
||
. Portion of radula (ELM W3661).
|
||
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D54FFFD7FE35AE97FE40D4D2" bold="true" box="[460,483,1963,1989]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">G</emphasis>
|
||
. Penis, dorsal view (NMSA W1115). Scale bars: A = 3 mm; B–C = 2 mm; D, F–G = 500 µm; E = 20 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="CCC0667DD570FFE8FF44ABD8FAA0D07F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3517554" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3517554" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3517554/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" startId="32.[189,232,740,766]" targetBox="[194,1391,261,694]" targetPageId="32">
|
||
<paragraph id="980036F5D570FFE8FF44ABD8FAA0D07F" blockId="32.[189,1398,740,873]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D570FFE8FF44ABD8FEB9D1E9" bold="true" box="[189,282,740,766]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 16.</emphasis>
|
||
Distribution map of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5FBF4D76D570FFE8FDE9ABD9FD62D1E8" authorityName="Ancey" authorityYear="1898" box="[528,705,741,767]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Chondrocyclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D570FFE8FDE9ABD9FD62D1E8" box="[528,705,741,767]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Chondrocyclus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species in the Eastern clade.
|
||
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D570FFE8FBE2ABD8FB93D1E9" bold="true" box="[1051,1072,740,766]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">A</emphasis>
|
||
. Species in KwaZulu-Natal and the eastern half of the Eastern Cape, on the coast and extending inland.
|
||
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D570FFE8FBBEAA34FBF8D035" bold="true" box="[1095,1115,776,802]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">B</emphasis>
|
||
. Species on the Eastern Cape coast. Note that the range of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5FBF4D76D570FFE8FD98AA17FCAAD052" authority="Cole, 2019" authorityName="Cole" authorityYear="2019" box="[609,777,811,837]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Chondrocyclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pondoensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D570FFE8FD98AA17FCAAD052" box="[609,777,811,837]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">C. pondoensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B1F8579CD570FFE8FCEBAA17FCCCD052" box="[786,879,811,837]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
overlaps with that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5FBF4D76D570FFE8FB80AA17FF5BD07F" authority="Connolly, 1939" authorityName="Connolly" authorityYear="1939" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Chondrocyclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="putealis">
|
||
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D570FFE8FB80AA17FB58D052" box="[1145,1275,811,837]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">C. putealis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FC2E4B04D570FFE8FAFDAA17FF5BD07F" author="Connolly M." pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="1 - 660" refId="ref47758" refString="Connolly M. 1939. A monographic survey of South African non-marine Mollusca. Annals of the South African Museum 33: 1 - 660." type="journal article" year="1939">Connolly, 1939</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5FBF4D76D570FFE8FEC8AA73FE63D07F" authority="Cole, 2019" authorityName="Cole" authorityYear="2019" box="[305,448,847,873]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Chondrocyclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="cooperae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D570FFE8FEC8AA73FE63D07F" box="[305,448,847,873]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">C. cooperae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B1F8579CD570FFE8FE3EAA73FD81D07E" box="[455,546,847,873]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
T indicates type localities. Major cities and rivers are labelled.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="980036F5D570FFE8FF44ADB3FEBAD6D6" blockId="32.[189,1399,1166,1473]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
Few specimens were available for study since they seemed to be very rare in the two forests where they were found, and more sampling from these and other forests in north-central
|
||
<collectingRegion id="5A7BF817D570FFE8FBD7AD8DFB45D7DC" box="[1070,1254,1201,1227]" country="South Africa" name="KwaZulu-Natal" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">KwaZulu-Natal</collectingRegion>
|
||
are required to resolve more conclusively whether
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5FBF4D76D570FFE8FD73ADE9FCE1D7F9" authorityName="Connolly" authorityYear="1929" box="[650,834,1236,1263]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Chondrocyclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="trifimbriatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D570FFE8FD73ADE9FCE1D7F9" box="[650,834,1236,1263]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">C. trifimbriatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occurs throughout the region or whether there may be additional narrow-range species. The only localities represented in the molecular study were Entumeni and Ngome (considered to contain a separate species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5FBF4D76D570FFE8FC43AC27FBDAD622" authority="Cole, 2019" authorityName="Cole" authorityYear="2019" box="[954,1145,1307,1333]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Chondrocyclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pulcherrimus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D570FFE8FC43AC27FBDAD622" box="[954,1145,1307,1333]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">C. pulcherrimus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B1F8579CD570FFE8FB7BAC27FB42D622" box="[1154,1249,1307,1333]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
). The highly fragmented forests of north-central
|
||
<collectingRegion id="5A7BF817D570FFE8FDA3AC02FCAED64F" box="[602,781,1342,1368]" country="South Africa" name="KwaZulu-Natal" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Kwazulu-Natal</collectingRegion>
|
||
contain many examples of species, in unrelated taxa, with extremely narrow distributions (e.g.,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FC2E4B04D570FFE8FD5EAC5DFC96D66C" author="Huber B. A." box="[679,821,1377,1403]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="477 - 527" refId="ref49814" refString="Huber B. A. 2003. Southern African pholcid spiders: revision and cladistic analysis of Quamtana gen. nov. and Spermophora Hentz (Araneae: Pholcidae), with notes on male-female covariation. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 139 (4): 477 - 527. https: // doi. org / 10.1046 / j. 0024 - 4082.2003.00082. x" type="journal article" year="2003">
|
||
Huber
|
||
<date id="EC011035D570FFE8FD0EAC5DFC96D66C" box="[759,821,1377,1403]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="2003">2003</date>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FC2E4B04D570FFE8FCB9AC5DFBFED66C" author="Herbert D. & Kilburn D." box="[832,1117,1377,1403]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" refId="ref49472" refString="Herbert D. & Kilburn D. 2004. Field Guide to the Land Snails and Slugs of Eastern South Africa. Natal Museum, Pietermaritzburg." type="book" year="2004">
|
||
Herbert & Kilburn
|
||
<date id="EC011035D570FFE8FBE6AC5DFBFED66C" box="[1055,1117,1377,1403]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="2004">2004</date>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FC2E4B04D570FFE8FB9EAC5DFACDD66C" author="Tilbury C. & Tolley K." box="[1127,1390,1377,1403]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="43 - 57" refId="ref52577" refString="Tilbury C. & Tolley K. 2009. A new species of dwarf chameleon (Sauria; Chamaeleonidae, Bradypodion Fitzinger) from KwaZulu Natal South Africa with notes on recent climatic shifts and their influence on speciation in the genus. Zootaxa 2226 (1): 43 - 57. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2226.1.4" type="journal article" year="2009">
|
||
Tilbury & Tolley
|
||
<date id="EC011035D570FFE8FACBAC5DFACDD66C" box="[1330,1390,1377,1403]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="2009">2009</date>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) suggesting that the observed morphological differences between populations may indicate undescribed species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |