458 lines
62 KiB
XML
458 lines
62 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="BE720CF8A3466A643BE3ADFF4B5A726C">Revision of Chondrocyclus s. l. (Mollusca: Cyclophoridae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="4A7AFDA7739C7F6319B9E3F6E22089FB">Cole, Mary L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="083FA2D657D8B3FD877C8A1DE40634CC">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="037DE9D3ECCF52CCB5197E84F1AB53CE">
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<mods:date id="FD8DF48907A6EC38F6FAC9DD4E607382">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="14C5FC11CA5A56E527A95FF7B3ABDDD0">2019-10-22</mods:number>
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<treatment id="101687E3D512FF8BFDB3A8CAFBB8D4FC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5586691" ID-GBIF-Taxon="159834435" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5586691" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:7B7B852C-8B49-494A-A652-B313EBDC6372" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/101687E3D512FF8BFDB3A8CAFBB8D4FC" lastPageId="67" lastPageNumber="68" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
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<subSubSection id="D0A5657ED512FF8AFDB3A8CAFB64D122" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="980036F5D512FF8AFDB3A8CAFC49D107" blockId="66.[364,1223,502,601]" box="[586,1002,502,529]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
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<heading id="C3488199D512FF8AFDB3A8CAFC49D107" box="[586,1002,502,529]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="5FBF4D76D512FF8AFDB3A8CAFC90D106" ID-CoL="7PVT4" authority="Cole, 2019" authorityName="Cole" authorityYear="2019" box="[586,819,502,529]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Afrocyclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="oxygala" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D512FF8AFDB3A8CAFC90D106" bold="true" box="[586,819,502,529]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Afrocyclus oxygala</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="B1F8579CD512FF8AFCC3A8CAFC49D107" box="[826,1002,502,528]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="980036F5D512FF8AFE95AB26FB64D122" blockId="66.[364,1223,502,601]" box="[364,1223,538,565]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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<uuid id="EC190C20D512FF8AFD72AB26FB64D122" box="[651,1223,538,565]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">7B7B852C-8B49-494A-A652-B313EBDC6372</uuid>
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</uri>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D0A5657ED512FF8AFD7EAB03FC0FD14E" box="[647,940,575,601]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="description">
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<paragraph id="980036F5D512FF8AFD7EAB03FC0FD14E" blockId="66.[364,1223,502,601]" box="[647,940,575,601]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
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<figureCitation id="00842A70D512FF8AFD7EAB03FD78D14E" box="[647,731,575,601]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="20.[189,232,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,463,1886]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[189,1398,463,1886]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Fig. 11. Holotypes of species of Afrocyclus gen. nov. A–B. A. oxygala gen. et sp. nov., diameter 2.86 mm (NMSA P0638/T4153). C–D. A. potteri gen. et sp. nov., diameter 2.86 mm (NMSA P1125/T4283). E–F. A. bhaca gen. et sp. nov., diameter 2.87 mm (NMSA P1124/T4282)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3517544" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3517544/files/figure.png" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Figs 11</figureCitation>
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A–B, 28B, 29, 30
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||
</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D0A5657ED512FF8AFF44ABBDFB39D18C" box="[189,1178,641,668]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="980036F5D512FF8AFF44ABBDFB39D18C" blockId="66.[189,1178,641,668]" box="[189,1178,641,668]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="B8AF11DBD512FF8AFF44ABBDFB39D18C" box="[189,1178,641,668]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
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<treatmentCitation id="191E10E4D512FF8AFF44ABBDFCB9D18B" author="Connolly M." box="[189,794,641,668]" page="540" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" year="1939">
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<taxonomicName id="5FBF4D76D512FF8AFF44ABBDFCB9D18B" ID-CoL="7QNT2" authority="- Connolly 1939: 540" authorityName="- Connolly" authorityPageNumber="540" authorityYear="1939" box="[189,794,641,668]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Chondrocyclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="isipingoensis">
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<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D512FF8AFF44ABBDFDADD18C" box="[189,526,641,667]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Chondrocyclus isipingoensis</emphasis>
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–
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<bibRefCitation id="FC2E4B04D512FF8AFDD2ABBDFCB9D18B" author="Connolly M." box="[555,794,641,668]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="1 - 660" refId="ref47758" refString="Connolly M. 1939. A monographic survey of South African non-marine Mollusca. Annals of the South African Museum 33: 1 - 660." type="journal article" year="1939">Connolly 1939: 540</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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. —
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<treatmentCitation id="191E10E4D512FF8AFCB0ABBDFB36D18C" author="Herbert D. & Kilburn D." box="[841,1173,641,667]" page="91" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" year="2004">
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<bibRefCitation id="FC2E4B04D512FF8AFCB0ABBDFB36D18C" author="Herbert D. & Kilburn D." box="[841,1173,641,667]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" refId="ref49472" refString="Herbert D. & Kilburn D. 2004. Field Guide to the Land Snails and Slugs of Eastern South Africa. Natal Museum, Pietermaritzburg." type="book" year="2004">Herbert & Kilburn 2004: 91</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D0A5657ED512FF8AFF44ABF8FDECD06D" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="980036F5D512FF8AFF44ABF8FE95D1C9" blockId="66.[189,310,708,734]" box="[189,310,708,734]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
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<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D512FF8AFF44ABF8FE95D1C9" bold="true" box="[189,310,708,734]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="980036F5D512FF8AFF44ABCFFDECD06D" blockId="66.[189,1398,755,891]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Shell very small, depressed, discoidal; periostracum with axial costae producing spiral rows of simple hairs; operculum very fragile and duplex, exterior portion very shallowly concave, with low multispiral lamella terminating in a solid fringe, radula with two large cusps on second lateral tooth and rachidian tooth without serrated upper edge.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D0A5657ED512FF8AFF44AA9FFD92D705" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="980036F5D512FF8AFF44AA9FFEE7D0AA" blockId="66.[189,324,931,957]" box="[189,324,931,957]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
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<heading id="C3488199D512FF8AFF44AA9FFEE7D0AA" bold="true" box="[189,324,931,957]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D512FF8AFF44AA9FFEE7D0AA" bold="true" box="[189,324,931,957]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Etymology</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="980036F5D512FF8AFF44AAEFFD92D705" blockId="66.[189,1399,979,1042]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
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The specific name is derived from the Greek ‘
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||
<taxonomicName id="5FBF4D76D512FF8AFD24AAEFFC99D0FA" authorityName="Cole" authorityYear="2019" box="[733,826,979,1005]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Afrocyclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="oxygala">
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||
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D512FF8AFD24AAEFFC99D0FA" box="[733,826,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">oxygala</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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’, meaning ‘sour milk’, a translation of the name of the
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<typeStatus id="47048857D512FF8AFEF1AAC4FE98D705" box="[264,315,1016,1042]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">type</typeStatus>
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locality, Maasstrom.
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||
</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D0A5657ED512FF8AFF44AD06FDD3D5F0" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="980036F5D512FF8AFF44AD06FE4FD744" blockId="66.[189,492,1081,1108]" box="[189,492,1081,1108]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
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<heading id="C3488199D512FF8AFF44AD06FE4FD744" bold="true" box="[189,492,1081,1108]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D512FF8AFF44AD06FE4FD744" bold="true" box="[189,492,1081,1108]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Type material examined</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="980036F5D512FF8AFF13AD56FEFFD793" blockId="66.[189,1398,1130,1229]" box="[234,348,1130,1156]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
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<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D512FF8AFF13AD56FEFFD793" bold="true" box="[234,348,1130,1156]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
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<typeStatus id="47048857D512FF8AFF13AD56FEFFD793" box="[234,348,1130,1156]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="980036F5D512FF8AFF44ADB2FB77D7DB" blockId="66.[189,1398,1130,1229]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
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<materialsCitation id="28D73CA8D512FF8AFF44ADB2FB77D7DB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2429182714" collectingDate="2011-01-24" collectionCode="NMSA" collectorName="M. Cole & R. Daniels & V. Ndibo" country="South Africa" latitude="-32.683" location="Maasstrom Farm" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="26.083" municipality="Bedford" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" specimenCode="P0638" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Eastern Cape" typeStatus="holotype">
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<collectingCountry id="E0A87665D512FF8AFF44ADB2FE2DD7BF" box="[189,398,1166,1192]" name="South Africa" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">SOUTH AFRICA</collectingCountry>
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–
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<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D512FF8AFE53ADB2FDF0D7B0" bold="true" box="[426,595,1165,1192]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
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<collectingRegion id="5A7BF817D512FF8AFE53ADB2FDF0D7B0" box="[426,595,1165,1192]" country="South Africa" name="Eastern Cape" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Eastern Cape</collectingRegion>
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</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D512FF8AFDA3ADB3FDC7D7BF" box="[602,612,1167,1192]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">•</emphasis>
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<collectingMunicipality id="7864AC8FD512FF8AFD93ADB2FD6ED7BF" box="[618,717,1166,1192]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Bedford</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<location id="9D60602ED512FF8AFD21ADB2FC01D7BF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:101687E3D512FF8BFDB3A8CAFBB8D4FC:9D60602ED512FF8AFD21ADB2FC01D7BF" box="[728,930,1166,1192]" country="South Africa" latitude="-32.683" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="26.083" municipality="Bedford" name="Maasstrom Farm" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">Maasstrom Farm</location>
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, forest in kloof;
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<geoCoordinate id="FD8B5032D512FF8AFB98ADB2FB42D7BF" box="[1121,1249,1166,1192]" degrees="32.6830" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" precision="5" value="-32.683">32.6830°S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="FD8B5032D512FF8AFB17ADB2FAD2D7BF" box="[1262,1393,1166,1192]" degrees="26.0830" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" precision="5" value="26.083">26.0830°E</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<date id="EC011035D512FF8AFF44AD8EFEF7D7DB" box="[189,340,1202,1229]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" value="2011-01-24">
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<collectingDate id="FC45E9DDD512FF8AFF44AD8EFEF7D7DB" box="[189,340,1202,1229]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" value="2011-01-24">24 Jan. 2011</collectingDate>
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</date>
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;
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||
<collectorName id="354A5323D512FF8AFE99AD8FFE60D7DB" box="[352,451,1202,1229]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">M. Cole</collectorName>
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,
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||
<collectorName id="354A5323D512FF8AFE36AD8FFDEFD7DB" box="[463,588,1202,1229]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">R. Daniels</collectorName>
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and
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||
<collectorName id="354A5323D512FF8AFD7DAD8FFD4ED7DB" box="[644,749,1202,1229]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">V. Ndibo</collectorName>
|
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leg.;
|
||
<collectionCode id="FEAEAE30D512FF8AFCD6AD8EFC21D7DB" box="[815,898,1202,1228]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" name="KwaZulu-Natal Museum" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="Museum">NMSA</collectionCode>
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<specimenCode id="C8199E8ED512FF8AFC70AD8EFC75D7DA" box="[905,982,1202,1229]" collectionCode="NMSA" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" name="KwaZulu-Natal Museum" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="Museum">P0638</specimenCode>
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/T4153. (
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<figureCitation id="00842A70D512FF8AFBB8AD8EFB32D7DB" box="[1089,1169,1202,1228]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="20.[189,232,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,463,1886]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[189,1398,463,1886]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Fig. 11. Holotypes of species of Afrocyclus gen. nov. A–B. A. oxygala gen. et sp. nov., diameter 2.86 mm (NMSA P0638/T4153). C–D. A. potteri gen. et sp. nov., diameter 2.86 mm (NMSA P1125/T4283). E–F. A. bhaca gen. et sp. nov., diameter 2.87 mm (NMSA P1124/T4282)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3517544" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3517544/files/figure.png" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
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A–B)
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||
</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="980036F5D512FF8AFF13ADC9FEC4D618" blockId="66.[189,1399,1269,1767]" box="[234,359,1269,1295]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
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<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D512FF8AFF13ADC9FEC4D618" bold="true" box="[234,359,1269,1295]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
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<typeStatus id="47048857D512FF8AFF13ADC9FEC4D618" box="[234,359,1269,1295]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="980036F5D512FF8AFF44AC25FDD3D5F0" blockId="66.[189,1399,1269,1767]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="28D73CA8D512FF8AFF44AC25FF58D64F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2429182551" collectingDate="2011-01-24" collectionCode="ELM" collectorName="M. Cole & R. Daniels & V. Ndibo" country="South Africa" latitude="-32.683" location="Maasstrom Farm" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="26.083" municipality="Bedford" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" specimenCount="9" stateProvince="Eastern Cape" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E0A87665D512FF8AFF44AC25FE2CD624" box="[189,399,1305,1331]" name="South Africa" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">SOUTH AFRICA</collectingCountry>
|
||
–
|
||
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D512FF8AFE54AC25FDF4D624" bold="true" box="[429,599,1305,1331]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="5A7BF817D512FF8AFE54AC25FDF4D624" box="[429,599,1305,1331]" country="South Africa" name="Eastern Cape" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Eastern Cape</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D512FF8AFDA6AC26FDC9D624" box="[607,618,1306,1331]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">•</emphasis>
|
||
<specimenCount id="8EB9FD7CD512FF8AFD88AC25FCA5D624" box="[625,774,1305,1331]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="generic">9 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
; same collection data as for holotype;
|
||
<collectionCode id="FEAEAE30D512FF8AFB33AC25FAABD624" box="[1226,1288,1305,1331]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9trn-613c" name="East London Museum" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">ELM</collectionCode>
|
||
D16895/ T151
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="28D73CA8D512FF8AFEE2AC01FB23D640" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2429182535" box="[283,1152,1341,1368]" collectingDate="2011-01-24" collectionCode="ELM" collectorName="M. Cole & R. Daniels & V. Ndibo" country="South Africa" latitude="-32.683" location="Maasstrom Farm" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="26.083" municipality="Bedford" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" specimenCount="3" stateProvince="Eastern Cape" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="8EB9FD7CD512FF8AFEE2AC01FE11D640" box="[283,434,1341,1367]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="generic">3 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
; same collection data as for holotype;
|
||
<collectionCode id="FEAEAE30D512FF8AFC75AC02FC69D64F" box="[908,970,1342,1368]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9trn-613c" name="East London Museum" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">ELM</collectionCode>
|
||
W03646/T172
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="28D73CA8D512FF8AFB66AC01FC8FD66B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2429182516" collectingDate="2011-01-24" collectionCode="NHMUK" collectorName="M. Cole & R. Daniels & V. Ndibo" country="South Africa" latitude="-32.683" location="Maasstrom Farm" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="26.083" municipality="Bedford" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" specimenCode="NHMUK 20160078" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Eastern Cape" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="8EB9FD7CD512FF8AFB66AC01FA8FD640" box="[1183,1324,1341,1367]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
; same collection data as for holotype;
|
||
<specimenCode id="C8199E8ED512FF8AFDC7AC5EFC8FD66B" box="[574,812,1378,1404]" collectionCode="NHMUK" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="Museum">NHMUK 20160078</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="28D73CA8D512FF8AFCB5AC5EFB63D6B6" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2429182515" collectingDate="2007-01-01" collectionCode="ELM" collectorName="M. Bursey" country="South Africa" latitude="-32.683" location="Maasstrom Farm" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="26.083" municipality="Bedford" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Eastern Cape" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="8EB9FD7CD512FF8AFCB5AC5EFC74D66B" box="[844,983,1378,1404]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="7864AC8FD512FF8AFC1FAC5EFBEAD66B" box="[998,1097,1378,1404]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Bedford</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="9D60602ED512FF8AFBAEAC5EFA86D66B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:101687E3D512FF8BFDB3A8CAFBB8D4FC:9D60602ED512FF8AFBAEAC5EFA86D66B" box="[1111,1317,1378,1404]" country="South Africa" latitude="-32.683" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="26.083" municipality="Bedford" name="Maasstrom Farm" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">Maasstrom Farm</location>
|
||
, forest in kloof;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="FD8B5032D512FF8AFECAACBAFE17D6B7" box="[307,436,1414,1440]" degrees="32.6830" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" precision="5" value="-32.683">32.6830°S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="FD8B5032D512FF8AFE3EACBAFDE9D6B6" box="[455,586,1414,1441]" degrees="26.0830" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" precision="5" value="26.083">26.0830°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<date id="EC011035D512FF8AFDA5ACBAFD52D6B7" box="[604,753,1414,1441]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" value="2007-01-01">
|
||
<collectingDate id="FC45E9DDD512FF8AFDA5ACBAFD52D6B7" box="[604,753,1414,1441]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" value="2007-01-01">1 Jan. 2007</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName id="354A5323D512FF8AFCFAACBBFC27D6B6" box="[771,900,1415,1441]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">M. Bursey</collectorName>
|
||
leg.;
|
||
<collectionCode id="FEAEAE30D512FF8AFC28ACBBFBACD6B6" box="[977,1039,1415,1441]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9trn-613c" name="East London Museum" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">ELM</collectionCode>
|
||
D15108/T153
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="28D73CA8D512FF8AFB1DACBAFCC8D6D2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2429182501" collectingDate="2007-01-01" collectionCode="ELM" collectorName="M. Bursey" country="South Africa" latitude="-32.683" location="Maasstrom Farm" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="26.083" municipality="Bedford" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" specimenCode="W3122" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Eastern Cape" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="8EB9FD7CD512FF8AFB1DACBAFAD1D6B7" box="[1252,1394,1414,1440]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
; same collection data as for preceding;
|
||
<collectionCode id="FEAEAE30D512FF8AFD70AC97FD64D6D2" box="[649,711,1451,1477]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9trn-613c" name="East London Museum" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">ELM</collectionCode>
|
||
<specimenCode id="C8199E8ED512FF8AFD36AC96FC85D6D2" box="[719,806,1450,1477]" collectionCode="ELM" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9trn-613c" name="East London Museum" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">W3122</specimenCode>
|
||
/T154
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="28D73CA8D512FF8AFC7EAC96FD2BD6FE" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2429182632" collectionCode="NMSA" collectorName="J. Farquhar" country="South Africa" location="Maasstrom Forest" municipality="Bedford" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" specimenCode="V6684" specimenCount="5" stateProvince="Eastern Cape" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="8EB9FD7CD512FF8AFC7EAC96FBBED6D3" box="[903,1053,1450,1477]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="generic">5 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="7864AC8FD512FF8AFBD3AC96FB2ED6D3" box="[1066,1165,1450,1476]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Bedford</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="9D60602ED512FF8AFB63AC97FAD1D6D2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:101687E3D512FF8BFDB3A8CAFBB8D4FC:9D60602ED512FF8AFB63AC97FAD1D6D2" box="[1178,1394,1451,1477]" country="South Africa" municipality="Bedford" name="Maasstrom Forest" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">Maasstrom Forest</location>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName id="354A5323D512FF8AFF44ACF3FEE0D6FE" box="[189,323,1487,1513]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">J. Farquhar</collectorName>
|
||
leg.;
|
||
<collectionCode id="FEAEAE30D512FF8AFE71ACF3FE78D6FE" box="[392,475,1487,1513]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" name="KwaZulu-Natal Museum" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="Museum">NMSA</collectionCode>
|
||
<specimenCode id="C8199E8ED512FF8AFE1AACF2FD90D6FE" box="[483,563,1486,1513]" collectionCode="NMSA" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" name="KwaZulu-Natal Museum" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="Museum">V6684</specimenCode>
|
||
/T5154
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="28D73CA8D512FF8AFD5DACF3FAC5D519" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2429182513" collectingDate="2002-01-19" collectionCode="NMSA" collectorName="D. Herbert" country="South Africa" latitude="-32.677" location="Glen Avon Falls" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="25.6368" municipality="Somerset East" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" specimenCode="W0754" specimenCount="40" stateProvince="Eastern Cape" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="8EB9FD7CD512FF8AFD5DACF3FCEBD6FE" box="[676,840,1487,1513]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="generic">40 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="7864AC8FD512FF8AFCACACF3FBA3D6FE" box="[853,1024,1487,1513]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Somerset East</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="9D60602ED512FF8AFBF7ACF3FB71D6FE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:101687E3D512FF8BFDB3A8CAFBB8D4FC:9D60602ED512FF8AFBF7ACF3FB71D6FE" box="[1038,1234,1487,1513]" country="South Africa" latitude="-32.677" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="25.6368" municipality="Somerset East" name="Glen Avon Falls" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">Glen Avon Falls</location>
|
||
, forest beside base of falls;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="FD8B5032D512FF8AFEAFACCFFE75D51A" box="[342,470,1523,1549]" degrees="32.6770" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" precision="5" value="-32.677">32.6770°S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="FD8B5032D512FF8AFE1BACCFFDC6D519" box="[482,613,1523,1550]" degrees="25.6368" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" precision="5" value="25.6368">25.6368°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<date id="EC011035D512FF8AFD89ACCFFCA5D51A" box="[624,774,1523,1550]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" value="2002-01-19">
|
||
<collectingDate id="FC45E9DDD512FF8AFD89ACCFFCA5D51A" box="[624,774,1523,1550]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" value="2002-01-19">19 Jan. 2002</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName id="354A5323D512FF8AFCE9ACC8FC2ED51A" box="[784,909,1523,1550]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">D. Herbert</collectorName>
|
||
leg.; in leaf-litter;
|
||
<collectionCode id="FEAEAE30D512FF8AFB9AACCFFB15D51A" box="[1123,1206,1523,1549]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" name="KwaZulu-Natal Museum" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="Museum">NMSA</collectionCode>
|
||
<specimenCode id="C8199E8ED512FF8AFB42ACCFFAB1D519" box="[1211,1298,1523,1550]" collectionCode="NMSA" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" name="KwaZulu-Natal Museum" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="Museum">W0754</specimenCode>
|
||
/T4155
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="28D73CA8D512FF8AFF44AF2BFC2DD541" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2429182511" collectingDate="2011-01-25" collectionCode="ELM" collectorName="M. Cole & V. Ndibo & R. Daniels" country="South Africa" latitude="-32.677" location="Glen Avon" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="25.6367" municipality="Somerset East" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" specimenCount="72" stateProvince="Eastern Cape" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="8EB9FD7CD512FF8AFF44AF2BFEC2D526" box="[189,353,1559,1585]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="generic">72 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="7864AC8FD512FF8AFE96AF2BFDB9D525" box="[367,538,1559,1586]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Somerset East</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="9D60602ED512FF8AFDD1AF2BFD09D525" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:101687E3D512FF8BFDB3A8CAFBB8D4FC:9D60602ED512FF8AFDD1AF2BFD09D525" box="[552,682,1559,1586]" country="South Africa" latitude="-32.677" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="25.6367" municipality="Somerset East" name="Glen Avon" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">Glen Avon</location>
|
||
, downstream of falls;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="FD8B5032D512FF8AFC4FAF2BFB95D526" box="[950,1078,1559,1585]" degrees="32.6770" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" precision="5" value="-32.677">32.6770°S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="FD8B5032D512FF8AFBBCAF2BFB6AD525" box="[1093,1225,1559,1586]" degrees="25.6367" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" precision="5" value="25.6367">25.6367° E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<date id="EC011035D512FF8AFB2EAF2BFAD1D526" box="[1239,1394,1559,1586]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" value="2011-01-25">
|
||
<collectingDate id="FC45E9DDD512FF8AFB2EAF2BFAD1D526" box="[1239,1394,1559,1586]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" value="2011-01-25">25 Jan. 2011</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName id="354A5323D512FF8AFF44AF00FE81D541" box="[189,290,1596,1622]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">M. Cole</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="354A5323D512FF8AFEC8AF00FE3FD541" box="[305,412,1596,1622]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">V. Ndibo</collectorName>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectorName id="354A5323D512FF8AFE22AF00FDF9D541" box="[475,602,1596,1622]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">R. Daniels</collectorName>
|
||
leg.;
|
||
<collectionCode id="FEAEAE30D512FF8AFD58AF00FD7CD541" box="[673,735,1596,1622]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9trn-613c" name="East London Museum" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">ELM</collectionCode>
|
||
D16896/T155
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="28D73CA8D512FF8AFC55AF07FDC6D56C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2429182504" collectingDate="2011-01-25" collectionCode="ELM" collectorName="M. Cole & V. Ndibo & R. Daniels" country="South Africa" latitude="-32.677" location="Glen Avon" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="25.6367" municipality="Somerset East" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" specimenCount="50" stateProvince="Eastern Cape" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="8EB9FD7CD512FF8AFC55AF07FBF2D541" box="[940,1105,1595,1622]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="generic">50 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
; same collection data as for preceding;
|
||
<collectionCode id="FEAEAE30D512FF8AFE88AF5DFE0CD56C" box="[369,431,1633,1659]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9trn-613c" name="East London Museum" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">ELM</collectionCode>
|
||
W03647/T156
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="28D73CA8D512FF8AFD7FAF5CFE91D589" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2429182521" collectingDate="2011-01-25" collectionCode="NHMUK" collectorName="M. Cole & V. Ndibo & R. Daniels" country="South Africa" latitude="-32.677" location="Glen Avon" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="25.6367" municipality="Somerset East" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" specimenCode="NHMUK 20160076" specimenCount="3" stateProvince="Eastern Cape" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="8EB9FD7CD512FF8AFD7FAF5CFCBDD56D" box="[646,798,1632,1658]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="generic">3 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
; same collection data as for preceding;
|
||
<specimenCode id="C8199E8ED512FF8AFAF1AF5DFE91D589" collectionCode="NHMUK" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="Museum">NHMUK 20160076</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="28D73CA8D512FF8AFEA8AFB8FB18D589" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2429182534" box="[337,1211,1668,1695]" collectingDate="2011-01-25" collectionCode="NHMUK" collectorName="M. Cole & V. Ndibo & R. Daniels" country="South Africa" latitude="-32.677" location="Glen Avon" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="25.6367" municipality="Somerset East" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" specimenCode="NHMUK 20160077" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Eastern Cape" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="8EB9FD7CD512FF8AFEA8AFB8FE4AD589" box="[337,489,1668,1694]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
; same collection data as for preceding;
|
||
<specimenCode id="C8199E8ED512FF8AFC34AFB9FB18D589" box="[973,1211,1668,1695]" collectionCode="NHMUK" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="Museum">NHMUK 20160077</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="28D73CA8D512FF8AFB22AFB8FC20D5D4" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2429182506" collectingDate="2011-01-25" collectionCode="RMNH" collectorName="M. Cole & V. Ndibo & R. Daniels" country="South Africa" latitude="-32.677" location="Glen Avon" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="25.6367" municipality="Somerset East" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" specimenCount="3" stateProvince="Eastern Cape" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="8EB9FD7CD512FF8AFB22AFB8FAD1D589" box="[1243,1394,1668,1694]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="generic">3 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
; same collection data as for preceding;
|
||
<collectionCode id="FEAEAE30D512FF8AFD7BAF94FD7DD5D4" box="[642,734,1704,1731]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="Museum">RMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
.MOL.338285
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="28D73CA8D512FF8AFC65AF95FDCFD5F0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2429182512" collectingDate="2011-01-25" collectionCode="NMW" collectorName="M. Cole & V. Ndibo & R. Daniels" country="South Africa" latitude="-32.677" location="Glen Avon" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="25.6367" municipality="Somerset East" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" specimenCount="4" stateProvince="Eastern Cape" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="8EB9FD7CD512FF8AFC65AF95FB93D5D4" box="[924,1072,1705,1731]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="generic">4 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
; same collection data as for preceding;
|
||
<collectionCode id="FEAEAE30D512FF8AFEB9AFF1FE2DD5F0" box="[320,398,1741,1767]" country="Austria" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c7yt-hh77" name="Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">NMW</collectionCode>
|
||
.Z.2016.003.00003
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D0A5657ED512FF8BFF44AE33FC68D0C7" lastPageId="67" lastPageNumber="68" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="980036F5D512FF8AFF44AE33FEEDD43E" blockId="66.[189,334,1807,1833]" box="[189,334,1807,1833]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
|
||
<heading id="C3488199D512FF8AFF44AE33FEEDD43E" bold="true" box="[189,334,1807,1833]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D512FF8AFF44AE33FEEDD43E" bold="true" box="[189,334,1807,1833]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Description</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="980036F5D512FF8BFF44AE03FA92D2D4" blockId="66.[189,1399,1855,2027]" lastBlockId="67.[189,1399,267,452]" lastPageId="67" lastPageNumber="68" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
|
||
SHELL (
|
||
<figureCitation id="00842A70D512FF8AFEE9AE03FEC2D44E" box="[272,353,1855,1882]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="68.[189,232,1858,1884]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1814]" captionTargetId="figure@68.[189,1399,265,1814]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="Fig. 30. Afrocyclus oxygala gen. et sp. nov. A. Aperture view (ELM D16896). B. Dorsal view (ELM W3647). C. Ventral view (ELM W3647). D. Portion of juvenile shell, showing detail of periostracum (ELM W3647). E. Portion of radula (ELM W3646). F–G. Operculum (ELM W3647). H–I. Penis, showing position, dorsal and lateral views (ELM W3647). Scale bars: A–D, H = 1 mm; E = 20 µm; F–G = 200 µm; I = 500 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3517582" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3517582/files/figure.png" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Fig. 30</figureCitation>
|
||
A–C). Very small, depressed, discoidal, adult diameter 2.19–3.0 mm, height
|
||
<quantity id="5F479B10D512FF8AFB31AE03FAD1D44D" box="[1224,1394,1855,1882]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="1.68" metricValueMin="1.12" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" unit="mm" value="1.4" valueMax="1.68" valueMin="1.12">1.12–1.68 mm</quantity>
|
||
, diameter:height 1.61–2.12 (n = 29). Spire low, each whorl just rising above the next, apex acutely mammillate and tilted (
|
||
<figureCitation id="00842A70D512FF8AFE2CAEB4FDE7D4B5" box="[469,580,1928,1954]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="68.[189,232,1858,1884]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1814]" captionTargetId="figure@68.[189,1399,265,1814]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="Fig. 30. Afrocyclus oxygala gen. et sp. nov. A. Aperture view (ELM D16896). B. Dorsal view (ELM W3647). C. Ventral view (ELM W3647). D. Portion of juvenile shell, showing detail of periostracum (ELM W3647). E. Portion of radula (ELM W3646). F–G. Operculum (ELM W3647). H–I. Penis, showing position, dorsal and lateral views (ELM W3647). Scale bars: A–D, H = 1 mm; E = 20 µm; F–G = 200 µm; I = 500 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3517582" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3517582/files/figure.png" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Fig. 30A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Embryonic shell (
|
||
<figureCitation id="00842A70D512FF8AFCC9AEB4FC39D4B5" box="[816,922,1928,1954]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="63.[189,232,1894,1920]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,477,1864]" captionTargetId="figure@63.[189,1398,477,1864]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="Fig. 28. Protoconch detail of species of Afrocyclus gen. nov. A. Afrocyclus isipingoensis (Sturany, 1898) gen. et comb. nov. from Durban (near type locality) (ELM W3648). B. A. oxygala gen. et sp. nov. (ELM W3647). C. A. potteri gen. et sp. nov. (ELM W4052). D. A. bhaca gen. et sp. nov. (NMSA V4889). Scale bars: A–D = 200 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3517578" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3517578/files/figure.png" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Fig. 28B</figureCitation>
|
||
) just over 2.25 whorls, microscopically malleate, junction between embryonic shell and teleoconch evident with termination of malleation. Teleoconch comprising just over two whorls, very rapidly increasing, convex, suture impressed. Aperture circular, last whorl descending steeply nearing aperture, peristome simple, continuous and free. Umbilicus very wide, exposing all the whorls (
|
||
<figureCitation id="00842A70D513FF8BFCCFA80FFC06D25A" box="[822,933,307,333]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="68.[189,232,1858,1884]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1814]" captionTargetId="figure@68.[189,1399,265,1814]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="Fig. 30. Afrocyclus oxygala gen. et sp. nov. A. Aperture view (ELM D16896). B. Dorsal view (ELM W3647). C. Ventral view (ELM W3647). D. Portion of juvenile shell, showing detail of periostracum (ELM W3647). E. Portion of radula (ELM W3646). F–G. Operculum (ELM W3647). H–I. Penis, showing position, dorsal and lateral views (ELM W3647). Scale bars: A–D, H = 1 mm; E = 20 µm; F–G = 200 µm; I = 500 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3517582" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3517582/files/figure.png" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Fig. 30C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Periostracum glossy and lacquer-like with lamellate axial costae at regular intervals (
|
||
<figureCitation id="00842A70D513FF8BFD00A866FCCAD263" box="[761,873,346,372]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="68.[189,232,1858,1884]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1814]" captionTargetId="figure@68.[189,1399,265,1814]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="Fig. 30. Afrocyclus oxygala gen. et sp. nov. A. Aperture view (ELM D16896). B. Dorsal view (ELM W3647). C. Ventral view (ELM W3647). D. Portion of juvenile shell, showing detail of periostracum (ELM W3647). E. Portion of radula (ELM W3646). F–G. Operculum (ELM W3647). H–I. Penis, showing position, dorsal and lateral views (ELM W3647). Scale bars: A–D, H = 1 mm; E = 20 µm; F–G = 200 µm; I = 500 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3517582" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3517582/files/figure.png" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Fig. 30D</figureCitation>
|
||
), the average number on last whorl varying between 63 and 95 (
|
||
<tableCitation id="D53D034ED513FF8BFE5BA8BEFE59D28B" box="[418,506,385,412]" captionStart="Table 5" captionStartId="64.[189,258,268,294]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="Table 5. Measurements of populations of the Afrocyclus isipingoensis (Sturany, 1898) gen. et comb. nov. species complex; D = shell diameter, H = height, costae = number of axial ribs on body whorl, Avg = average." pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Table 5</tableCitation>
|
||
), which produce three spiral rows of long, simple hairs at periphery; intervals between costae usually with approx. five microscopic axial threads. Shell translucent when fresh.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="980036F5D513FF8BFF44A8D3FD67D1E1" blockId="67.[189,1399,495,758]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
|
||
OPERCULUM (
|
||
<figureCitation id="00842A70D513FF8BFEAFA8D3FE0ED11E" box="[342,429,495,521]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="68.[189,232,1858,1884]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1814]" captionTargetId="figure@68.[189,1399,265,1814]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="Fig. 30. Afrocyclus oxygala gen. et sp. nov. A. Aperture view (ELM D16896). B. Dorsal view (ELM W3647). C. Ventral view (ELM W3647). D. Portion of juvenile shell, showing detail of periostracum (ELM W3647). E. Portion of radula (ELM W3646). F–G. Operculum (ELM W3647). H–I. Penis, showing position, dorsal and lateral views (ELM W3647). Scale bars: A–D, H = 1 mm; E = 20 µm; F–G = 200 µm; I = 500 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3517582" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3517582/files/figure.png" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Fig. 30</figureCitation>
|
||
E–F). Very fragile and duplex, outer portion consists of multispiral lamella with five–six whorls, height of lamellar blade very low thus operculum is very shallowly concave to almost flat, thickened horizontal ridge on lamellar blade just above disc surface; long fringe of fused bristles emanates from this ridge, fused to blade and then curving outwards, leaving no furrow between fringe and vertical portion of blade, fringe of each whorl does not appear to be fused to lamella of following whorl, fringe of outer whorl fairly long and overlaps disc slightly; inner portion of operculum is a thin disc, without a prominent tubercle in centre.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="980036F5D513FF8BFF44AA1EFAC1D09D" blockId="67.[189,1398,801,907]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
|
||
RADULA (
|
||
<figureCitation id="00842A70D513FF8BFED5AA1DFE38D02C" box="[300,411,801,828]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="68.[189,232,1858,1884]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1814]" captionTargetId="figure@68.[189,1399,265,1814]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="Fig. 30. Afrocyclus oxygala gen. et sp. nov. A. Aperture view (ELM D16896). B. Dorsal view (ELM W3647). C. Ventral view (ELM W3647). D. Portion of juvenile shell, showing detail of periostracum (ELM W3647). E. Portion of radula (ELM W3646). F–G. Operculum (ELM W3647). H–I. Penis, showing position, dorsal and lateral views (ELM W3647). Scale bars: A–D, H = 1 mm; E = 20 µm; F–G = 200 µm; I = 500 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3517582" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3517582/files/figure.png" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Fig. 30G</figureCitation>
|
||
). Rachidian with five cusps, central one very long, outermost two relatively short, first lateral tooth with four cusps and a vestigial fifth, third cusp (from centre) very long; second lateral tooth with two large cusps, second cusp (from centre) larger, a third small cusp and a vestigial fourth.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="980036F5D513FF8BFF44AA8AFC68D0C7" blockId="67.[189,971,950,976]" box="[189,971,950,976]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
|
||
PENIS (
|
||
<figureCitation id="00842A70D513FF8BFEF5AA8AFEC2D0C7" box="[268,353,950,976]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="68.[189,232,1858,1884]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1814]" captionTargetId="figure@68.[189,1399,265,1814]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="Fig. 30. Afrocyclus oxygala gen. et sp. nov. A. Aperture view (ELM D16896). B. Dorsal view (ELM W3647). C. Ventral view (ELM W3647). D. Portion of juvenile shell, showing detail of periostracum (ELM W3647). E. Portion of radula (ELM W3646). F–G. Operculum (ELM W3647). H–I. Penis, showing position, dorsal and lateral views (ELM W3647). Scale bars: A–D, H = 1 mm; E = 20 µm; F–G = 200 µm; I = 500 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3517582" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3517582/files/figure.png" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Fig. 30</figureCitation>
|
||
H–I). Relatively short, shaft more or less cylindrical.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D0A5657ED513FF8BFF44AAC7FD68D767" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="980036F5D513FF8BFF44AAC7FE4DD702" blockId="67.[189,494,1019,1046]" box="[189,494,1019,1046]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
|
||
<heading id="C3488199D513FF8BFF44AAC7FE4DD702" bold="true" box="[189,494,1019,1046]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D513FF8BFF44AAC7FE4DD702" bold="true" box="[189,494,1019,1046]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Distribution and habitat</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="980036F5D513FF8BFF44AD13FD68D767" blockId="67.[189,1399,1070,1137]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="5A7BF817D513FF8BFF44AD13FEFDD75F" box="[189,350,1070,1097]" country="South Africa" name="Eastern Cape" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Eastern Cape</collectingRegion>
|
||
, southern end of Great Escarpment, in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="5A7BF817D513FF8BFCC5AD13FC78D75F" box="[828,987,1070,1097]" country="South Africa" name="Eastern Cape" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Eastern Cape</collectingRegion>
|
||
Escarpment Thicket (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FC2E4B04D513FF8BFB1CAD12FF5AD766" author="Hoare D. B. & Mucina L. & Rutherford M. C. & Vlok J. H. J. & Euston-Brown D. I. W. & Palmer A. R. & Powrie L. W. & Lechmere-Oertel R. G. & Proches, S. M. & Dold A. P. & Ward R. A." pageId="67" pageNumber="68" pagination="540 - 567" refId="ref49701" refString="Hoare D. B., Mucina L., Rutherford M. C., Vlok J. H. J., Euston-Brown D. I. W., Palmer A. R., Powrie L. W., Lechmere-Oertel R. G., Proches, S. M., Dold A. P. & Ward R. A. 2006. Albany Thicket biome. In: Mucina L. & Rutherford M. C. (eds) The Vegetation of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland. Strelitzia 19: 540 - 567. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria." type="journal article" year="2006">
|
||
Hoare
|
||
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D513FF8BFAC0AD13FAD4D75F" box="[1337,1399,1070,1096]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2006
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) associated with river valleys (
|
||
<figureCitation id="00842A70D513FF8BFD9FAD6AFD1DD767" box="[614,702,1110,1136]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="65.[189,232,1964,1990]" captionTargetBox="[212,1355,1037,1917]" captionTargetId="figure@65.[189,1398,1005,1945]" captionTargetPageId="65" captionText="Fig. 29. Distribution map of Afrocyclus gen. nov. T indicates type localities. Provinces and major cities are labelled." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3517580" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3517580/files/figure.png" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Fig. 29</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D0A5657ED513FF8BFF44ADA0FBB8D4FC" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="980036F5D513FF8BFF44ADA0FE8CD7A1" blockId="67.[189,303,1180,1206]" box="[189,303,1180,1206]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
|
||
<heading id="C3488199D513FF8BFF44ADA0FE8CD7A1" bold="true" box="[189,303,1180,1206]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D513FF8BFF44ADA0FE8CD7A1" bold="true" box="[189,303,1180,1206]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="980036F5D513FF8BFF44ADF2FAD4D62F" blockId="67.[189,1399,1230,1336]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
|
||
The molecular phylogeny suggests that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5FBF4D76D513FF8BFD62ADF3FCB9D7FF" authority="Cole, 2019" authorityName="Cole" authorityYear="2019" box="[667,794,1230,1257]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Afrocyclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="oxygala" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D513FF8BFD62ADF3FCB9D7FF" box="[667,794,1230,1257]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">A. oxygala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B1F8579CD513FF8BFCDDADF3FC78D7FE" box="[804,987,1231,1257]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
belongs to a lineage distinct from all other populations of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5FBF4D76D513FF8BFE27ADCAFDF9D607" authority="Cole, 2019" authorityName="Cole" authorityYear="2019" box="[478,602,1270,1296]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Afrocyclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D513FF8BFE27ADCAFDF9D607" box="[478,602,1270,1296]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Afrocyclus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B1F8579CD513FF8BFD9AADCAFD73D607" box="[611,720,1270,1296]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
sampled (
|
||
<figureCitation id="00842A70D513FF8BFCB4ADC9FC30D607" box="[845,915,1269,1296]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="1.[189,232,1752,1778]" captionTargetBox="[193,1366,655,1702]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[189,1398,644,1706]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Fig. 1. Bayesian Inference majority consensus tree of the “taxa complete” concatenated CO1-16S sequence dataset for Chondrocyclus s.l. Ancey, 1898 (84 sequences) and seven other caenogastropods with the tree rooted on Pomacea insularum (d’Orbigny, 1837) (modified from Cole et al. 2019). Colours indicate major clades of Chondrocyclus Ancey, 1898 and correspond with colours used in maps. Support values are given as posterior probabilities for Bayesian analysis above nodes (only values ≥ 0.95 are shown) and as bootstrap percentages for ML analysis below nodes (only values ≥ 65% are shown); maximal support (Bayesian = 1, ML = 100%) is indicated by an asterisk. Scale bar indicates substitutions per site." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3517524" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3517524/files/figure.png" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
) but further study is required to resolve phylogenetic relationships between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5FBF4D76D513FF8BFD98AC21FD7DD620" authority="Cole, 2019" authorityName="Cole" authorityYear="2019" box="[609,734,1309,1335]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Afrocyclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="oxygala" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D513FF8BFD98AC21FD7DD620" box="[609,734,1309,1335]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">A. oxygala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B1F8579CD513FF8BFD1CAC22FC30D62F" box="[741,915,1310,1336]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
and other species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5FBF4D76D513FF8BFB70AC21FAA6D620" authority="Cole, 2019" authorityName="Cole" authorityYear="2019" box="[1161,1285,1309,1335]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Afrocyclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D513FF8BFB70AC21FAA6D620" box="[1161,1285,1309,1335]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Afrocyclus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B1F8579CD513FF8BFAF5AC22FAD4D62F" box="[1292,1399,1310,1336]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="980036F5D513FF8BFF44AC5FFC45D5F7" blockId="67.[189,1399,1379,1760]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
|
||
The species is readily distinguished by having only three rows of long hairs on lamellate costae round the periphery (although in adults the hairs were usually worn off), while
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5FBF4D76D513FF8BFC18ACB7FB39D6B3" authorityName="Cole" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="- Connolly" baseAuthorityYear="2019" box="[993,1178,1419,1445]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Chondrocyclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="isipingoensis" status="gen. et comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D513FF8BFC18ACB7FB39D6B3" box="[993,1178,1419,1445]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">A. isipingoensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B1F8579CD513FF8BFB58ACB7FAD4D6B2" box="[1185,1399,1418,1445]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" rank="species">gen. et comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
has four rows around the periphery.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5FBF4D76D513FF8BFD86AC8EFCA2D6DB" authority="Cole, 2019" authorityName="Cole" authorityYear="2019" box="[639,769,1458,1484]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Afrocyclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="oxygala" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D513FF8BFD86AC8EFCA2D6DB" box="[639,769,1458,1484]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">A. oxygala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B1F8579CD513FF8BFCF5AC8EFC6AD6DB" box="[780,969,1458,1484]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
lacks the additional spiral rows of hairs present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5FBF4D76D513FF8BFE84ACE6FD9BD6E4" authorityName="Cole" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="- Connolly" baseAuthorityYear="2019" box="[381,568,1498,1524]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Chondrocyclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="isipingoensis" status="gen. et comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D513FF8BFE84ACE6FD9BD6E4" box="[381,568,1498,1524]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">A. isipingoensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B1F8579CD513FF8BFDB8ACE6FC81D6E3" box="[577,802,1497,1524]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" rank="species">gen. et comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
: one row of very short hairs below the suture and approx. five-seven rows of shorter hairs between the periphery and umbilicus.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5FBF4D76D513FF8BFBB1AF3DFB66D50C" authority="Cole, 2019" authorityName="Cole" authorityYear="2019" box="[1096,1221,1537,1563]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Afrocyclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="oxygala" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D513FF8BFBB1AF3DFB66D50C" box="[1096,1221,1537,1563]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">A. oxygala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B1F8579CD513FF8BFB32AF3DFAD4D50C" box="[1227,1399,1537,1563]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
has a higher spire (and consequently deeper umbilicus) and a more strongly sculptured protoconch (
|
||
<figureCitation id="00842A70D513FF8BFF3FAF73FE90D57D" box="[198,307,1615,1642]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="63.[189,232,1894,1920]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,477,1864]" captionTargetId="figure@63.[189,1398,477,1864]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="Fig. 28. Protoconch detail of species of Afrocyclus gen. nov. A. Afrocyclus isipingoensis (Sturany, 1898) gen. et comb. nov. from Durban (near type locality) (ELM W3648). B. A. oxygala gen. et sp. nov. (ELM W3647). C. A. potteri gen. et sp. nov. (ELM W4052). D. A. bhaca gen. et sp. nov. (NMSA V4889). Scale bars: A–D = 200 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3517578" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3517578/files/figure.png" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Fig. 28B</figureCitation>
|
||
). The operculum has a smooth inner disc without a tubercle in its centre. The radula more closely resembles those of species in the Southern-Eastern
|
||
<collectingRegion id="5A7BF817D513FF8BFC88AF4BFC0ED586" box="[881,941,1655,1681]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Cape</collectingRegion>
|
||
clade (smooth upper edge of rachidian and two large cusps on second lateral tooth) than those of other specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5FBF4D76D513FF8BFB78AFA2FB5ED5AF" authority="Cole, 2019" authorityName="Cole" authorityYear="2019" box="[1153,1277,1694,1720]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Afrocyclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D513FF8BFB78AFA2FB5ED5AF" box="[1153,1277,1694,1720]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Afrocyclus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B1F8579CD513FF8BFAF1AFA3FAD4D5AE" box="[1288,1399,1695,1721]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
examined. The penis of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5FBF4D76D513FF8BFE2EAFFAFDF6D5F7" authority="Cole, 2019" authorityName="Cole" authorityYear="2019" box="[471,597,1734,1760]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Afrocyclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="oxygala" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D513FF8BFE2EAFFAFDF6D5F7" box="[471,597,1734,1760]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">A. oxygala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B1F8579CD513FF8BFDA5AFFAFCAFD5F7" box="[604,780,1734,1760]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is relatively short.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="980036F5D513FF8BFF44AE37FBB8D4FC" blockId="67.[189,1399,1803,2027]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
|
||
This lineage occurs at the western extremity of the distribution of gen. nov. and the populations at
|
||
<collectingRegion id="5A7BF817D513FF8BFF44AE0FFE89D45A" box="[189,298,1843,1869]" country="United Kingdom" name="Somerset" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Somerset</collectingRegion>
|
||
East and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="5A7BF817D513FF8BFE61AE0FFE5BD45A" box="[408,504,1843,1869]" country="United Kingdom" name="Bedford" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Bedford</collectingRegion>
|
||
are on opposite sides of the upper Great Fish River Valley (
|
||
<figureCitation id="00842A70D513FF8BFB59AE0FFB55D45A" box="[1184,1270,1843,1869]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="65.[189,232,1964,1990]" captionTargetBox="[212,1355,1037,1917]" captionTargetId="figure@65.[189,1398,1005,1945]" captionTargetPageId="65" captionText="Fig. 29. Distribution map of Afrocyclus gen. nov. T indicates type localities. Provinces and major cities are labelled." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3517580" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3517580/files/figure.png" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Fig. 29</figureCitation>
|
||
). Although considered an arid barrier for dispersal of montane taxa (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FC2E4B04D513FF8BFCB2AE66FBAAD463" author="Weimarck H." box="[843,1033,1882,1908]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" refId="ref52996" refString="Weimarck H. 1941. Phytogeographical Groups, Centres and Intervals Within the Cape Flora. Lund, Leipzig." type="book" year="1941">Weimarck 1941</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FC2E4B04D513FF8BFBEDAE66FB48D462" author="Stuckenberg B. R." box="[1044,1259,1882,1909]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" pagination="190 - 205" refId="ref52471" refString="Stuckenberg B. R. 1962. The distribution of the montane palaeogenic element in the South African invertebrate fauna. Annals of the Cape Provincial Museums 2: 190 - 205." type="journal article" year="1962">Stuckenberg 1962</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), this valley has not consistently been a major hindrance to connectivity along this region of the Great Escarpment (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FC2E4B04D513FF8BFF3CAE95FE2AD4D4" author="Clark V. R. & Barker N. P. & McMaster C. & Mucina L." box="[197,393,1961,1987]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" pagination="94 - 104" refId="ref47553" refString="Clark V. R., Barker N. P., McMaster C. & Mucina L. 2010. The Boschberg (Somerset East, Eastern Cape) - a floristic cross-roads of the southern Great Escarpment. South African Journal of Botany 77 (1): 94 - 104. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. sajb. 2010.06.005" type="journal article" year="2010">
|
||
Clark
|
||
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D513FF8BFEF7AE96FEE4D4D4" box="[270,327,1961,1987]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2010
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and may have been an area of persistence of thicket during the Last Glacial Maximum (24000 to 18000 years ago) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FC2E4B04D513FF8BFDF6AEEDFD72D4FC" author="Potts A. J. & Hedderson T. A. & Franklin J. & Cowling R. M." box="[527,721,2001,2027]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" pagination="310 - 322" refId="ref51788" refString="Potts A. J., Hedderson T. A., Franklin J. & Cowling R. M. 2012. The Last Glacial Maximum distribution of South African subtropical thicket inferred from community distribution modelling. Journal of Biogeography 40 (2): 310 - 322. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2699.2012.02788. x" type="journal article" year="2012">
|
||
Potts
|
||
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D513FF8BFDAAAEEEFD2ED4FC" box="[595,653,2001,2027]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2012
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and perhaps prior maxima.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |