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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1127.84628" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1127-155" ID-Pensoft-UUID="5E797D2798B25C2EBD6A6596A3CB817F" ID-ZooBank="8A484FF467F140E2BB0BBE756CF0883A" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1127-155" checkinTime="1667570140191" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Rodriguez, Erick J., Steck, Gary J., Moore, Matthew R., Norrbom, Allen L., Diaz, Jessica, Somma, Louis A., Ruiz-Arce, Raul, Sutton, Bruce D., Nolazco, Norma, Muller, Alies &amp; Branham, Marc A." docDate="2022" docId="2322DD6EFED358AF8BAE458A6E143CDA" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1127: 155-215" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1127" docPubDate="2022-11-03" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1127.84628" docTitle="Anastrepha korytkowskii Norrbom 2015" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" id="5E797D2798B25C2EBD6A6596A3CB817F" lastPageNumber="155" masterDocId="5E797D2798B25C2EBD6A6596A3CB817F" masterDocTitle="Exceptional larval morphology of nine species of the Anastrepha mucronota species group (Diptera, Tephritidae)" masterLastPageNumber="215" masterPageNumber="155" pageNumber="155" updateTime="1667570442589" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Exceptional larval morphology of nine species of the Anastrepha mucronota species group (Diptera, Tephritidae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Rodriguez, Erick J.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8132-0863</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">erick.rodriguez@ufl.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Steck, Gary J.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3714-0560</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Division of Plant Industry (FDACS / DPI), Gainesville, FL, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Moore, Matthew R.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6313-3690</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Division of Plant Industry (FDACS / DPI), Gainesville, FL, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Norrbom, Allen L.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5854-089X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Systematic Entomology Laboratory, USDA, ARS, c / o Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Diaz, Jessica</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7013-2349</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Somma, Louis A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4023-0997</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Division of Plant Industry (FDACS / DPI), Gainesville, FL, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Ruiz-Arce, Raul</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0790-0218</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>USDA APHIS PPQ S and T Insect Management and Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, 22675 N. Moorefield Road, Edinburg, TX 78541, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Sutton, Bruce D.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7374-3778</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Research Associate, Department of Entomology, Smithsonian Institution, USNM, Gainesville, FL, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Nolazco, Norma</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Centro de Diagnostico de Sanidad Vegetal, Servicio Nacional de Sanidad Agraria, Av. La Molina 1915, La Molina, Peru</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Muller, Alies</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4782-3536</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>(retired) Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Husbandry and Fisheries, Paramaribo, Suriname</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Branham, Marc A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2187-4503</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2022-11-03</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>1127</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>155</mods:start>
<mods:end>215</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1127.84628</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1127.84628</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1127-155</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">8A484FF467F140E2BB0BBE756CF0883A</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">5E797D2798B25C2EBD6A6596A3CB817F</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2322DD6EFED358AF8BAE458A6E143CDA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2322DD6EFED358AF8BAE458A6E143CDA" lastPageNumber="155" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="155" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="155">
<taxonomicName LSID="2322DD6E-FED3-58AF-8BAE-458A6E143CDA" authority="Norrbom, 2015" authorityName="Norrbom" authorityYear="2015" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Anastrepha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anastrepha korytkowskii" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="korytkowskii">Anastrepha korytkowskii Norrbom, 2015</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="155" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="155">
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 5357" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figures 53 - 57. Scanning electron photomicrographs of third instar of Anastrepha korytkowskii 53 pseudocephalon 54 oral ridges 55 antenna and maxillary palp 56 preoral organ 57 ventral surface of mouthhook. Abbreviations: CLP, comb-like processes. Scale bars: 10 μm (55 - 57); 20 μm (54); 50 μm (53)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1127.84628.figures53-57" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/765449" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Figs 53-57</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 5863" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figures 58 - 63. Optical photomicrographs and scanning electron photomicrographs of third instar of Anastrepha korytkowskii 58 cephaloskeleton, lateral view 59 cephaloskeleton, dorsal view 60 prothoracic spiracle, lateral view 61 prothoracic spiracle, dorsolateral view 62 caudal segment 63 anal lobe. Abbreviations: ES, epipharyngeal sclerite; LS, labial sclerite. Scale bars: 50 μm (60, 61); 100 μm (63); 200 μm (58, 59, 62)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1127.84628.figures58-63" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/765450" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">, 58-63</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 64, 65" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figures 64, 65. Scanning electron photomicrograph and optical photomicrograph of posterior spiracles of third instar of Anastrepha korytkowskii. Scale bars: 50 μm (64, 65)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1127.84628.figures64-65" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/765451" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">, 64-65</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="155" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="155">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2016-04-17" collectorName="N. Zenteno" country="Peru" county="Puerto Maldonado" elevation="232" latitude="-12.5721" location="Rio Los Amigos" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-70.0889" municipality="Centro de Investigacion" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-larva="2" stateProvince="Madre de Dios">
<collectingCountry name="Peru">Peru</collectingCountry>
<specimenCount type="larva">2 larvae</specimenCount>
;
<collectingRegion country="Peru" name="Madre de Dios">Madre de Dios</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty>Puerto Maldonado</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality>
Centro de
<normalizedToken originalValue="Investigación">Investigacion</normalizedToken>
</collectingMunicipality>
y
<normalizedToken originalValue="Capacitación">Capacitacion</normalizedToken>
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2322DD6EFED358AF8BAE458A6E143CDA:E9B982F249757C535830FD90BF196909" country="Peru" county="Puerto Maldonado" latitude="-12.5721" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-70.0889" municipality="Centro de Investigacion" name="Rio Los Amigos" stateProvince="Madre de Dios">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
Los Amigos
</location>
(CICRA), trail 21;
<geoCoordinate degrees="12.5721" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-12.5721">12.5721°S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="70.0889" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-70.0889">70.0889°W</geoCoordinate>
;
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.32" unit="m" value="232.0">
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.32" unit="m" value="232.0">232 m</quantity>
a.s.l.
</elevation>
;
<collectingDate value="2016-04-17">17 Apr. 2016</collectingDate>
;
<collectorName>N. Zenteno</collectorName>
leg.; reared from fruit of
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Quararibea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Quararibea wittii" order="Malvales" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="wittii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Quararibea wittii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; FSCA (AP20180315.02- AP20180315.03)
</materialsCitation>
<specimenCount type="larva">7 larvae</specimenCount>
; same, trail 11;
<geoCoordinate degrees="12.5636" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-12.5636">12.5636°S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="70.0847" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-70.0847">70.0847°W</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" unit="m" value="250.0">250 m</quantity>
a.s.l.;
<date value="2015-12-04">4 Dec. 2015</date>
; R. Bustamante leg.; reared from fruit of
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Quararibea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Quararibea wittii" order="Malvales" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="wittii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Quararibea wittii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; FSCA (AP20180315.01, AP20180315.04, AP20180315.05, AP20180321.03, AP20180321.04, AP20180329.01, AP20180329.05) •
<specimenCount type="larva">2 larvae</specimenCount>
; same, trail 21;
<geoCoordinate degrees="12.5708" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-12.5708">12.5708°S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="70.0847" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-70.0847">70.0847°W</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2399999999999998" unit="m" value="224.0">224 m</quantity>
a.s.l.;
<date value="2015-12-02">2 Dec. 2015</date>
; R. Bustamante leg.; reared from fruit of
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Quararibea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Quararibea wittii" order="Malvales" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="wittii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Quararibea wittii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; FSCA (AP20180315.07, AP20180516.13) •
<specimenCount type="larva">8 larvae</specimenCount>
; same, trail 21;
<geoCoordinate degrees="12.5721" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-12.5721">12.5721°S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="70.0889" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-70.0889">70.0889°W</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.32" unit="m" value="232.0">232 m</quantity>
a.s.l.;
<date value="2016-03-14" valueMax="2016-03-21" valueMin="2016-03-14">14-21 Mar. 2016</date>
; N. Zenteno leg.; reared from fruit of
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Quararibea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Quararibea wittii" order="Malvales" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="wittii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Quararibea wittii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; FSCA (AP20180315.08, AP20180315.09, AP20180329.06, AP20180329.07, AP20180329.09-AP20180329.12).
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1127.84628.figures53-57" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/765449" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" start="Figures 5357" startId="F13">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="155">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Figures 53-57.</emphasis>
Scanning electron photomicrographs of third instar of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Norrbom" authorityYear="2015" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Anastrepha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anastrepha korytkowskii" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="korytkowskii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Anastrepha korytkowskii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">53</emphasis>
pseudocephalon
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">54</emphasis>
oral ridges
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">55</emphasis>
antenna and maxillary palp
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">56</emphasis>
preoral organ
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">57</emphasis>
ventral surface of mouthhook. Abbreviations: CLP, comb-like processes. Scale bars: 10
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">55-57</emphasis>
); 20
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">54</emphasis>
); 50
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">53</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="155" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="155">
The larvae of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Malvaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. korytkowskii" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="korytkowskii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">A. korytkowskii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from those of other species of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Anastrepha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anastrepha" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Anastrepha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its peculiar short preoral lobe medial to the lobe bearing the preoral organ, fringed posterior margins of the accessory plates, posterior margins of the oral ridges (2-5 anterior ridges dentate, medial and posterior ridges entire), and 3-5 comb-like processes adjacent to the labium and posterior to the oral ridges. The posterior margins of the accessory plates resemble those of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Malvaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. crebra" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crebra">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">A. crebra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Malvaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. haplacantha" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="haplacantha">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">A. haplacantha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Malvaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. nolazcoae" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nolazcoae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">A. nolazcoae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Anastrepha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anastrepha" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Anastrepha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. Peru-82,
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Anastrepha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anastrepha protuberans" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="protuberans">Anastrepha sp. nr. protuberans</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Anastrepha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anastrepha" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Anastrepha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. Sur-16, although in
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Malvaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. korytkowskii" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="korytkowskii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">A. korytkowskii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the posterior margins of the oral ridges are distinct (as shown above).
<taxonomicName authorityName="Norrbom" authorityYear="2015" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Anastrepha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anastrepha korytkowskii" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="korytkowskii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Anastrepha korytkowskii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
further differs from the latter six species by the number of oral ridges, ventral surface of mouthhook, number of tubules and distal width of the prothoracic spiracle, and basal width of the posterior spiracle (see Tables
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="T2" captionText="Table 2. Diagnostic characters of the pseudocephalon of species within the Anastrepha mucronota group." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/4B48475A16FA11E6CB5E5C732F9E2214" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" tableUuid="4B48475A16FA11E6CB5E5C732F9E2214">2</tableCitation>
-
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 4" captionStartId="T4" captionText="Table 4. Diagnostic characters of the caudal segment of species within the Anastrepha mucronota group." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/585051FEE3CD72B0CD3933A9B3882AE0" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" tableUuid="585051FEE3CD72B0CD3933A9B3882AE0">4</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="155" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="155">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Habitus</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Third instar elongate, cylindrical, tapered anteriorly and caudal end truncate; color creamy; amphipneustic. Length 6.10-8.54 mm and width 0.93-1.57 mm at the sixth abdominal segment.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="155">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Pseudocephalon</emphasis>
(Figs
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 5357" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figures 53 - 57. Scanning electron photomicrographs of third instar of Anastrepha korytkowskii 53 pseudocephalon 54 oral ridges 55 antenna and maxillary palp 56 preoral organ 57 ventral surface of mouthhook. Abbreviations: CLP, comb-like processes. Scale bars: 10 μm (55 - 57); 20 μm (54); 50 μm (53)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1127.84628.figures53-57" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/765449" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">53-56</figureCitation>
). Antenna and maxillary palp on moderately developed lobe. Antenna with cylindrical base and apical knob. Maxillary palp bearing three papilla sensilla, two knob sensilla; dorsolateral group of sensilla bearing two well-developed papilla sensilla, aligned perpendicular to palp and surrounded by a collar. Facial mask partly globular in lateral view, upper right section lacking ridges and accessory plates and forming almost a right angle. Preoral organ bearing one unbranched peg sensillum, located apically on small, elongate-rounded lobe directly anterior to mouthhook; adjacent medial preoral lobe separate, slightly smaller and irregularly rounded. Oral ridges in 12-14 rows, margins of anterior 2-5 ridges irregularly dentate, margins of medial and posterior ridges entire (some sparsely notched); 3-5 comb-like processes adjacent to labium and posterior to oral ridges; 14-20 accessory plates in one series, but absent adjacent to the anterior five or six oral ridges, covering a much smaller area than oral ridges, with fringed posterior margins. Labium triangular, anterior surface knobby, ventrally with two visible sensilla.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="155">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Cephaloskeleton</emphasis>
(Figs
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 5357" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figures 53 - 57. Scanning electron photomicrographs of third instar of Anastrepha korytkowskii 53 pseudocephalon 54 oral ridges 55 antenna and maxillary palp 56 preoral organ 57 ventral surface of mouthhook. Abbreviations: CLP, comb-like processes. Scale bars: 10 μm (55 - 57); 20 μm (54); 50 μm (53)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1127.84628.figures53-57" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/765449" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">57</figureCitation>
-
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 5863" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figures 58 - 63. Optical photomicrographs and scanning electron photomicrographs of third instar of Anastrepha korytkowskii 58 cephaloskeleton, lateral view 59 cephaloskeleton, dorsal view 60 prothoracic spiracle, lateral view 61 prothoracic spiracle, dorsolateral view 62 caudal segment 63 anal lobe. Abbreviations: ES, epipharyngeal sclerite; LS, labial sclerite. Scale bars: 50 μm (60, 61); 100 μm (63); 200 μm (58, 59, 62)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1127.84628.figures58-63" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/765450" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">59</figureCitation>
). Total length from tip of mouthhook to end of ventral cornu 0.76-0.86 mm. Mouthhook well sclerotized, black apically and basally; length a 0.16-0.18 mm; length b 0.10-0.13 mm; height c 0.11-0.13 mm; ratio a:b 1.4-1.6; ratio a:c 1.4-1.5. Tooth long, sharp, strongly curved, concave ventrally, ventral surface eroded. Intermediate sclerite 0.15-0.17 mm long, 0.13-0.14 mm wide at ventral bridge. Epipharyngeal sclerite visible only in dorsal view, with medial lobe directed anteriorly. Labial sclerite robust, sclerotized, and triangular in dorsal view. Parastomal bar extending for almost entire length of intermediate sclerite. Dorsal arch 0.19-0.21 mm high. Dorsal cornu with well-defined sclerotized area adjacent to notch, 0.36-0.46 mm long. Dorsal bridge prominently projecting anteriorly from dorsal cornu and slightly sclerotized. Anterior sclerite irregularly shaped and sclerotized. Cornu notch (N) 0.24-0.29 mm long and cornu notch index (N/DC) 0.6-0.7. Ventral cornu sclerotized between notch and pharyngeal bar and grooves. Pharyngeal filter with weakly sclerotized anterior bar and 7-9 ridges forming a series of grooves along length of ventral cornu. Ventral cornu 0.39-0.55 mm long from pharyngeal bar to posterior end of grooves. Ventral cornu 1.2-1.4
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as sclerotized area of dorsal cornu.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="155">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Thoracic and abdominal segments</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Thoracic segments with dorsal spinules conical, symmetrical to slightly curved posteriorly; dorsal spinule pattern as follows: T1 with six or seven rows, forming scalloped plates; T2 with 2-5 rows; T3 lacking spinules; ventral spinule pattern as follows: T1 with 8-12 rows; T2 with three rows; T3 lacking spinules. Abdominal segments (A1-A8) lacking dorsal spinules; ventral creeping welts present on all abdominal segments (A1-A8); ventral spinule pattern as follows: A1 with one or two rows; A2 with six or seven rows; A3 with seven or eight rows; A4 with seven or eight rows; A5 with 6-8 rows; A6 with eight rows; A7 with 6-8 rows; A8 with 6-8 rows. Additional 2-4 irregular rows of spinules anteriorly and posteriorly to anal lobes, spinules large, conical, pointing away from anal lobes.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1127.84628.figures58-63" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/765450" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" start="Figures 5863" startId="F14">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="155">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Figures 58-63.</emphasis>
Optical photomicrographs and scanning electron photomicrographs of third instar of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Norrbom" authorityYear="2015" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Anastrepha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anastrepha korytkowskii" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="korytkowskii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Anastrepha korytkowskii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">58</emphasis>
cephaloskeleton, lateral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">59</emphasis>
cephaloskeleton, dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">60</emphasis>
prothoracic spiracle, lateral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">61</emphasis>
prothoracic spiracle, dorsolateral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">62</emphasis>
caudal segment
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">63</emphasis>
anal lobe. Abbreviations: ES, epipharyngeal sclerite; LS, labial sclerite. Scale bars: 50
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">60, 61</emphasis>
); 100
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">63</emphasis>
); 200
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">58, 59, 62</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1127.84628.figures64-65" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/765451" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" start="Figures 64, 65" startId="F15">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="155">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Figures 64, 65.</emphasis>
Scanning electron photomicrograph and optical photomicrograph of posterior spiracles of third instar of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Norrbom" authorityYear="2015" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Anastrepha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anastrepha korytkowskii" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="korytkowskii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Anastrepha korytkowskii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Scale bars: 50
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">64, 65</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="155">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Prothoracic spiracle</emphasis>
(Figs
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 5863" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figures 58 - 63. Optical photomicrographs and scanning electron photomicrographs of third instar of Anastrepha korytkowskii 58 cephaloskeleton, lateral view 59 cephaloskeleton, dorsal view 60 prothoracic spiracle, lateral view 61 prothoracic spiracle, dorsolateral view 62 caudal segment 63 anal lobe. Abbreviations: ES, epipharyngeal sclerite; LS, labial sclerite. Scale bars: 50 μm (60, 61); 100 μm (63); 200 μm (58, 59, 62)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1127.84628.figures58-63" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/765450" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">60</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 5863" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figures 58 - 63. Optical photomicrographs and scanning electron photomicrographs of third instar of Anastrepha korytkowskii 58 cephaloskeleton, lateral view 59 cephaloskeleton, dorsal view 60 prothoracic spiracle, lateral view 61 prothoracic spiracle, dorsolateral view 62 caudal segment 63 anal lobe. Abbreviations: ES, epipharyngeal sclerite; LS, labial sclerite. Scale bars: 50 μm (60, 61); 100 μm (63); 200 μm (58, 59, 62)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1127.84628.figures58-63" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/765450" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">61</figureCitation>
). Bilobed, bearing 12-18 tubules, distally rounded and arranged in a single sinuous row. Spiracle distal width 0.19-0.24 mm; basal width 0.07-0.10 mm at junction with trachea.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="155">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Caudal segment</emphasis>
(Figs
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 5863" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figures 58 - 63. Optical photomicrographs and scanning electron photomicrographs of third instar of Anastrepha korytkowskii 58 cephaloskeleton, lateral view 59 cephaloskeleton, dorsal view 60 prothoracic spiracle, lateral view 61 prothoracic spiracle, dorsolateral view 62 caudal segment 63 anal lobe. Abbreviations: ES, epipharyngeal sclerite; LS, labial sclerite. Scale bars: 50 μm (60, 61); 100 μm (63); 200 μm (58, 59, 62)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1127.84628.figures58-63" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/765450" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">62</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 5863" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figures 58 - 63. Optical photomicrographs and scanning electron photomicrographs of third instar of Anastrepha korytkowskii 58 cephaloskeleton, lateral view 59 cephaloskeleton, dorsal view 60 prothoracic spiracle, lateral view 61 prothoracic spiracle, dorsolateral view 62 caudal segment 63 anal lobe. Abbreviations: ES, epipharyngeal sclerite; LS, labial sclerite. Scale bars: 50 μm (60, 61); 100 μm (63); 200 μm (58, 59, 62)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1127.84628.figures58-63" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/765450" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">63</figureCitation>
). Dorsal (D1 and D2), intermediate (I1 and I2), lateral (L1), and ventral (V1 and V2) tubercles and sensilla weakly developed; D1 distinctly anterior to D2. Intermediate tubercles I1 and I2 more strongly developed, but associated sensilla weakly developed; I1 lateral and sometimes slightly ventral to I2. Lateral (L1) and ventral (V1 and V2) tubercles and associated sensilla weakly developed. Anal lobe entire and very protuberant.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="155">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Posterior spiracle</emphasis>
(Figs
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 5863" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figures 58 - 63. Optical photomicrographs and scanning electron photomicrographs of third instar of Anastrepha korytkowskii 58 cephaloskeleton, lateral view 59 cephaloskeleton, dorsal view 60 prothoracic spiracle, lateral view 61 prothoracic spiracle, dorsolateral view 62 caudal segment 63 anal lobe. Abbreviations: ES, epipharyngeal sclerite; LS, labial sclerite. Scale bars: 50 μm (60, 61); 100 μm (63); 200 μm (58, 59, 62)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1127.84628.figures58-63" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/765450" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">62</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 64, 65" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figures 64, 65. Scanning electron photomicrograph and optical photomicrograph of posterior spiracles of third instar of Anastrepha korytkowskii. Scale bars: 50 μm (64, 65)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1127.84628.figures64-65" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/765451" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">64</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 64, 65" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figures 64, 65. Scanning electron photomicrograph and optical photomicrograph of posterior spiracles of third instar of Anastrepha korytkowskii. Scale bars: 50 μm (64, 65)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1127.84628.figures64-65" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/765451" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">65</figureCitation>
). Located above horizontal midline. Posterior spiracle openings with thick rimae and numerous trabeculae; 56-77
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
long; 20-24
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
wide; ratio length/width 2.8-3.2. Ecdysial scar apparent. Felt chamber oval, 124-148
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
in diameter at junction with trachea. Spiracular process SP-I comprising 9-15 trunks and 21-33 tips; ratio tips/trunks 2.2- 2.3; basal width 14-28
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
; ratio basal width/length of spiracular opening 0.24-0.47. SP-II comprising 4-7 trunks and 9-17 tips. SP-III comprising 5-10 trunks and 12-19 tips. SP-IV comprising 8-15 trunks and 17-31 tips; ratio tips/trunks 2.0-2.1; basal width 12-21
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
; ratio basal width/length of spiracular opening 0.21-0.30.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="155" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="155">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Norrbom" authorityYear="2015" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Anastrepha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anastrepha korytkowskii" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="korytkowskii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Anastrepha korytkowskii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known only from Bolivia (La Paz and Santa Cruz) and eastern Peru (Cusco,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Huánuco">Huanuco</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Junín">Junin</normalizedToken>
, and Madre de Dios).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="155" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Biology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="155">
We reared this species from fruit of
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Quararibea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Quararibea wittii" order="Malvales" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="wittii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Quararibea wittii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the only known host plant (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4041.1.1" author="Norrbom, AL" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" pagination="1 - 94" refId="B48" refString="Norrbom, AL, Rodriguez, EJ, Steck, GJ, Sutton, BD, Nolazco, N, 2015. New species and host plants of Anastrepha (Diptera: Tephritidae) primarily from Peru and Bolivia. Zootaxa 4041 (1): 1 - 94, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4041.1.1" title="New species and host plants of Anastrepha (Diptera: Tephritidae) primarily from Peru and Bolivia." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4041.1.1" volume="4041" year="2015">Norrbom et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
). The larvae feed only on the pulp of the fruit.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="155" type="molecular identification">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Molecular identification.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="155">
COI barcodes were generated from 19 larvae and two adults and submitted to GenBank (MT654705-MT654725). These data further confirm the identity of the described larvae. K2P distances between
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Malvaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. korytkowskii" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="korytkowskii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">A. korytkowskii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
larvae and the three adult sequences (MT654712, MT654722, KY428387) ranged from 0.0-2.1%. BLAST searches were consistent with our new data, yielding only one good match:
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Malvaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. korytkowskii" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="korytkowskii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">A. korytkowskii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(97.77-99.04% sequence identity; KY428387). Additionally, all 19 larval barcodes returned consensus identifications of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Malvaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. korytkowskii" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="korytkowskii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">A. korytkowskii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with three votes (
<bibRefCitation author="Moore, MR" journalOrPublisher="Quito, Ecuador" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" refId="B39" refString="Moore, MR, Steck, GJ, Rodriguez, EJ, Norrbom, AL, Ruiz-Arce, R, Tood, TN, Roberts, CG, Troya, H, Vilatuna, JE, Donoso, DA, Wiegmann, BM, Cassel, BK, Soghigian, J, Xuan, J, Muller, A, Gangadin, A, Nolazco, N, Rodriguez Clavijo, PA, Arevalo Penaranda, E, Srivastava, P, Drovetski, SV, Quisberth Ramos, E, Lagrava Sanchez, JJ, Colque, F, Savaris, M, Lampert, S, Martinez, J, Canal, NA, Keil, C, Padilla, A, Tigrero, JO, Rodriguez, P, Penaloza Barria, Y, Gripenberg, S, Rivera, M, Branham, M, in press. A COI DNA barcode library for Anastrepha Schiner (Diptera: Tephritidae). PLoS ONE." title="A COI DNA barcode library for Anastrepha Schiner (Diptera: Tephritidae). PLoS ONE." year="in press">Moore et al. in press</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>