272 lines
26 KiB
XML
272 lines
26 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.862.35294" ID-GBIF-Dataset="bc47db01-bdba-487c-8938-86415096a2a7" ID-PMC="PMC6635403" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-862-81" ID-PubMed="31496882" ID-ZooBank="2C44CFF035214CAC8A4E1642935038A4" ModsDocID="1313-2970-862-81" checkinTime="1565091063940" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Schneider, Scott A." docDate="2019" docId="2314C042A5CCBC9788F24E2D0BE59F79" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 862: 81-87" docOrigin="ZooKeys 862" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.862.35294" docTitle="Nipponaclerda biwakoensis Kuwana 1907" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="86" masterDocId="FFB2FFEBFFD6F548FFE7FF8FBC46FF92" masterDocTitle="A key to the flat grass scale genus Nipponaclerda (Hemiptera, Coccomorpha, Aclerdidae)" masterLastPageNumber="87" masterPageNumber="81" pageNumber="85" updateTime="1668167550660" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A key to the flat grass scale genus Nipponaclerda (Hemiptera, Coccomorpha, Aclerdidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Schneider, Scott A.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2019</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>862</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>81</mods:start>
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<mods:end>87</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.862.35294</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.862.35294</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-862-81</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">2C44CFF035214CAC8A4E1642935038A4</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="158580121" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2314C042A5CCBC9788F24E2D0BE59F79" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2314C042A5CCBC9788F24E2D0BE59F79" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="86" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">
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<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="85" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="85">
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<taxonomicName LSID="2314C042A5CCBC9788F24E2D0BE59F79" authority="Kuwana, 1907" authorityName="Kuwana" authorityYear="1907" class="Insecta" family="Aclerdidae" genus="Nipponaclerda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nipponaclerda biwakoensis" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biwakoensis">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="85" start="start">Nipponaclerda</pageBreakToken>
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biwakoensis (Kuwana, 1907)
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="85" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="85">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="85">
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UNITED STATES • 11 ♀; Louisiana, Plaquemines Parish, Venice, West Bay South End;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="29" direction="north" minutes="7.5" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="29.125">29°7.5'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="89" direction="west" minutes="17.2" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-89.28667">89°17.2'W</geoCoordinate>
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; 1 March 2017; R. Diaz leg.;
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<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Phragmites" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Phragmites australis" order="Poales" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="australis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">Phragmites australis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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; USNM • 2 immatures; same collection data as for preceding; 1 March 2017; R. Diaz leg.;
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<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Phragmites" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Phragmites australis" order="Poales" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="australis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">Phragmites australis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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; USNM • 2 ♀; Texas, Jefferson County, Port Arthur, near J.D. Murphree WMA;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="29" direction="north" minutes="53.2" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="29.886667">29°53.2'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="94" direction="west" minutes="2.2" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-94.03667">94°2.2'W</geoCoordinate>
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; 11 July 2018; I.A. Knight leg.;
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<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Phragmites" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Phragmites australis" order="Poales" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="australis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">Phragmites australis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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; USNM • 1 ♀; quarantine interception at California, San Diego, originating from Japan; 2 April 1959; L. Widman leg.;
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<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Phragmites" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Phragmites" order="Poales" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">Phragmites</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. or rush; CDFA • 3 ♀; quarantine interception at California, Los Angeles, San Pedro, originating from Japan; 22 March 1960; M.F. Brown, Jr. leg.;
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<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Phragmites" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Phragmites communis" order="Poales" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="communis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">Phragmites communis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(=
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Coccomorpha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coccomorpha australis" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="australis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">australis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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); USNM • 1 ♀; quarantine interception at California, Stockton, originating from Japan; 25 May 1961; R.E. DeVol leg.;
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<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Phragmites" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Phragmites communis" order="Poales" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="communis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">Phragmites communis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(=
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Coccomorpha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coccomorpha australis" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="australis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">australis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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); USNM • same collection data as for preceding; 3 ♀; 25 May 1961; R.E. DeVol leg.;
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<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Phragmites" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Phragmites communis" order="Poales" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="communis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">Phragmites communis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(=
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Coccomorpha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coccomorpha australis" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="australis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">australis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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); CDFA • 2 ♀; quarantine interception at Hawaii, originating from Japan; 25 March 1960; L. Chilson leg.;
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<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Phragmites" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Phragmites communis" order="Poales" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="communis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">Phragmites communis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(=
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Coccomorpha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coccomorpha australis" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="australis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">australis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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) stems; USNM. CHINA • 2 ♀; Taiwan, Taichung County;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="24" direction="north" minutes="19.2" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="24.32">24°19.2'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="12" direction="east" minutes="33.5" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="12.558333">12°33.5'E</geoCoordinate>
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; 22 August 2018; S-G. Syu and J-L. Jhu leg.;
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<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Phragmites" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Phragmites australis" order="Poales" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="australis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">Phragmites australis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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; USNM • 3 ♀; Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Tin Shui Wai, Hong Kong Wetland Park, fresh water marsh;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="north" minutes="28.1" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="22.468334">22°28.1'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="11" direction="east" minutes="0.4" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="11.006667">11°0.4'E</geoCoordinate>
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; 7 August 2018; B. Brown leg.;
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<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Phragmites" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Phragmites australis" order="Poales" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="australis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">Phragmites australis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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; USNM. JAPAN • 2 ♀; Fukuoka, Nishi-Ku, Motooka;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="33" direction="north" minutes="35.5" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="33.591667">33°35.5'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="13" direction="east" minutes="13.9" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="13.231667">13°13.9'E</geoCoordinate>
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; 25 October 2018; H. Tanaka leg.;
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<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Phragmites" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Phragmites australis" order="Poales" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="australis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">Phragmites australis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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; USNM • 3 ♀, syntype; Omi; August 1902; S.I. Kuwana leg.; on rush; USNM • 5 ♀, syntype; Tokio [Tokyo]; 16 April 1906; S.I. Kuwana leg.;
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<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Phragmites" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Phragmites communis" order="Poales" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="communis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">Phragmites communis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(=
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Coccomorpha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coccomorpha australis" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="australis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">australis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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); USNM • 4 immatures; same collection data as for preceding • 1 ♀; Tokyo; 18 October 1953; R. Takahashi leg.;
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<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Phragmites" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Phragmites" order="Poales" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">Phragmites</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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; USNM.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="86" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" type="notes">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="85">Notes.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="85">
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Adult females of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="N. biwakoensis" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="biwakoensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">N. biwakoensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are similar in appearance to
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<taxonomicName lsidName="N. turanica" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="turanica">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">N. turanica</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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but the two can be easily distinguished by the traits mentioned above, and in addition by the pattern of sclerotization and by the types of setae located on the anal plate and posterior margin. The posterior end is heavily sclerotized in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="N. turanica" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="turanica">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">N. turanica</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, whereas in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="N. biwakoensis" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="biwakoensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">N. biwakoensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, moderate sclerotization is more evenly distributed along the marginal rim, becoming more heavily sclerotized in mature females.
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<taxonomicName lsidName="N. biwakoensis" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="biwakoensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">N. biwakoensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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possesses some tuberculate setae on the anal plate and bears only tuberculate or spine-like setae on the posterior body margin. In contrast, only flagellate setae are present on the anal plates of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="N. turanica" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="turanica">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">N. turanica</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and several flagellate setae fall on the posterior body margin.
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<taxonomicName lsidName="N. biwakoensis" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="biwakoensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">N. biwakoensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was well-illustrated by
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<bibRefCitation author="McConnell, HS" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Maryland Agriculture Experiment Station A" pageId="6" pageNumber="87" pagination="1 - 121" refId="B11" refString="McConnell, HS, 1954. A classification of the coccid family Aclerdidae (Coccoidea, Homoptera). . Bulletin of the Maryland Agriculture Experiment Station A 75: 1 - 121" title="A classification of the coccid family Aclerdidae (Coccoidea, Homoptera)." volume="75" year="1954">McConnell (1954)</bibRefCitation>
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; additional illustrations were published by
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<bibRefCitation author="Kuwana, S" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Imperial Central Agricultural Experiment Station, Japan" pageId="6" pageNumber="87" pagination="177 - 212" refId="B9" refString="Kuwana, S, 1907. Coccidae of Japan, I. A synoptical list of Coccidae of Japan with descriptions of thirteen new species. . Bulletin of the Imperial Central Agricultural Experiment Station, Japan 1: 177 - 212" title="Coccidae of Japan, I. A synoptical list of Coccidae of Japan with descriptions of thirteen new species." volume="1" year="1907">Kuwana (1907</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Kuwana, S" journalOrPublisher="Philippine Journal of Science" pageId="6" pageNumber="87" pagination="57 - 66" refId="B10" refString="Kuwana, S, 1932. The genus Aclerda in Japan, including Formosa. . Philippine Journal of Science 48: 57 - 66" title="The genus Aclerda in Japan, including Formosa." volume="48" year="1932">1932</bibRefCitation>
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) and
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<bibRefCitation author="Wang, T-C" journalOrPublisher="Boletin del Museo de Entomologia de la Universidad del Valle Science Press Beijing, China" pageId="6" pageNumber="87" refId="B12" refString="Wang, T-C, 1994. Economic insect fauna of China: Homoptera: Coccoidea: Coccidae, Asterolecaniidae, Lecanodiaspididae, Cerococcidae, Aclerdidae [English translation]. . Boletin del Museo de Entomologia de la Universidad del Valle Science Press Beijing, China" title="Economic insect fauna of China: Homoptera: Coccoidea: Coccidae, Asterolecaniidae, Lecanodiaspididae, Cerococcidae, Aclerdidae [English translation]." year="1994">Wang (1994)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="85">
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Several natural enemies of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="N. biwakoensis" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="biwakoensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">N. biwakoensis</emphasis>
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
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are reported in the literature. The parasitoids
|
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Astymachus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Astymachus japonicus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonicus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">Astymachus japonicus</emphasis>
|
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</taxonomicName>
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Howard,
|
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Boucekiella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Boucekiella depressa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="depressa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">Boucekiella depressa</emphasis>
|
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</taxonomicName>
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Hoffer,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Platencyrtus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Platencyrtus aclerus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aclerus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">Platencyrtus aclerus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Xu (
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<taxonomicName lsidName="Coccomorpha" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" rank="order">Hymenoptera</taxonomicName>
|
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:
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<taxonomicName family="Encyrtidae" lsidName="" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" rank="family">Encyrtidae</taxonomicName>
|
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), and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Aprostocetus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aprostocetus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">Aprostocetus</emphasis>
|
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. (
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<taxonomicName lsidName="Coccomorpha" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" rank="order">Hymenoptera</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName family="Eulophidae" lsidName="" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" rank="family">Eulophidae</taxonomicName>
|
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) have been reported from the native range (
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1479-8298.2004.00081.x" author="Kaneko, S" journalOrPublisher="Entomological Science" pageId="6" pageNumber="87" pagination="331 - 339" refId="B6" refString="Kaneko, S, 2004. Within‐plant vertical distributions of the scale insect Nipponaclerdabiwakoensis and its five parasitoids that exhibit frequent successful multiparasitism on the common reed. . Entomological Science 7: 331 - 339" title="Within‐plant vertical distributions of the scale insect Nipponaclerdabiwakoensis and its five parasitoids that exhibit frequent successful multiparasitism on the common reed." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1479-8298.2004.00081.x" volume="7" year="2004">Kaneko 2004</bibRefCitation>
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;
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7917.2003.tb00378.x" author="Xu, Z" journalOrPublisher="Entomologia Sinica" pageId="6" pageNumber="87" pagination="149 - 153" refId="B15" refString="Xu, Z, Wang, H, 2003. Two genera of Cheiloneurini (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) newly recorded from China with descriptions of two new species. . Entomologia Sinica 10: 149 - 153" title="Two genera of Cheiloneurini (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) newly recorded from China with descriptions of two new species." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7917.2003.tb00378.x" volume="10" year="2003">Xu and Wang 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), which includes China, Japan, and South Korea (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1093/database/bav118" author="Garcia Morales, M" journalOrPublisher="Ecological Engineering" pageId="5" pageNumber="86" refId="B3" refString="Garcia Morales, M, Denno, BD, Miller, DR, Miller, GL, Ben-Dov, Y, Hardy, NB, 2016. . https://doi.org/10.1093/database/bav118" url="https://doi.org/10.1093/database/bav118" year="2016">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
|
||
Morales et al. 2016
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-018-1749-5" author="Knight, IA" journalOrPublisher="Biological Invasions" pageId="6" pageNumber="87" pagination="2739 - 2744" refId="B8" refString="Knight, IA, Wilson, BE, Gill, M, Aviles, L, Cronin, JT, Nyman, JA, Schneider, SA, Diaz, R, 2018. Invasion of Nipponaclerdabiwakoensis (Hemiptera: Aclerdidae) and Phragmitesaustralis die-back in southern Louisiana, USA. . Biological Invasions 20: 2739 - 2744" title="Invasion of Nipponaclerdabiwakoensis (Hemiptera: Aclerdidae) and Phragmitesaustralis die-back in southern Louisiana, USA." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-018-1749-5" volume="20" year="2018">Knight et al. (2018)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Neastymachus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neastymachus japonicus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonicus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">Neastymachus japonicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Tachikawa,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. depressa" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="depressa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">B. depressa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Astymachus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Astymachus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">Astymachus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. (
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="Coccomorpha" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" rank="order">Hymenoptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Encyrtidae" lsidName="" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" rank="family">Encyrtidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) parasitizing populations in Louisiana, U.S.A.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="86">
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="5" pageNumber="86" start="start">It</pageBreakToken>
|
||
is difficult at present to determine the origin and timing of invasion to the United States. Specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="N. biwakoensis" pageId="5" pageNumber="86" rank="species" species="biwakoensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="86">N. biwakoensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were encountered in quarantine interceptions originating from Japan three times in California and once in Hawaii, between 1959 and 1961. But populations have only been collected from the U.S. since 2016 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-018-1749-5" author="Knight, IA" journalOrPublisher="Biological Invasions" pageId="6" pageNumber="87" pagination="2739 - 2744" refId="B8" refString="Knight, IA, Wilson, BE, Gill, M, Aviles, L, Cronin, JT, Nyman, JA, Schneider, SA, Diaz, R, 2018. Invasion of Nipponaclerdabiwakoensis (Hemiptera: Aclerdidae) and Phragmitesaustralis die-back in southern Louisiana, USA. . Biological Invasions 20: 2739 - 2744" title="Invasion of Nipponaclerdabiwakoensis (Hemiptera: Aclerdidae) and Phragmitesaustralis die-back in southern Louisiana, USA." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-018-1749-5" volume="20" year="2018">Knight et al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), suggesting their establishment is a recent event. Infestations have been found in Louisiana and eastern Texas on
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Phragmites" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Phragmites australis" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="86" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="australis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="86">Phragmites australis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which appears to be the primary host for this species.
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="N. biwakoensis" pageId="5" pageNumber="86" rank="species" species="biwakoensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="86">N. biwakoensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was also reported on species of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Agropyron" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Agropyron" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="86" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="86">Agropyron</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Juncaceae" genus="Juncus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Juncus" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="86" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="86">Juncus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Wang, T-C" journalOrPublisher="Boletin del Museo de Entomologia de la Universidad del Valle Science Press Beijing, China" pageId="6" pageNumber="87" refId="B12" refString="Wang, T-C, 1994. Economic insect fauna of China: Homoptera: Coccoidea: Coccidae, Asterolecaniidae, Lecanodiaspididae, Cerococcidae, Aclerdidae [English translation]. . Boletin del Museo de Entomologia de la Universidad del Valle Science Press Beijing, China" title="Economic insect fauna of China: Homoptera: Coccoidea: Coccidae, Asterolecaniidae, Lecanodiaspididae, Cerococcidae, Aclerdidae [English translation]." year="1994">Wang 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), but these host records should be confirmed through further sampling.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |