182 lines
17 KiB
XML
182 lines
17 KiB
XML
<document id="35BE2F691A52EB5EBB865259FC3C3E86" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3721.6.5" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6c4dcdc7-99aa-468e-b32c-e144e1d79ae6" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="216030" ID-ZooBank="07687102-B2CD-4924-B827-B56409DF3BF2" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460690355829" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Fateryga, Alexander V. & Ivanov, Sergey P." docDate="2013" docId="E73F87D5FFC7FFD0FF0CC009FBC7E40C" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03721p600.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3721 (6)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Paravespa Radoszkowski 1886" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="590" masterDocId="1B06FFADFFC6FFD1FF9BC475FF8AE326" masterDocTitle="Nesting biology of Paravespa rex (von Schulthess 1924) (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Eumeninae) in the Crimea, Ukraine" masterLastPageNumber="600" masterPageNumber="589" pageNumber="590" updateTime="1698351757925" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="9817A01362BA8EAD317CE81B02E8330B" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="8E198CB9208597E335824E3FE5F8286D">
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<mods:title id="283B6B455F8A6A2D6A119796287CB29F">Nesting biology of Paravespa rex (von Schulthess 1924) (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Eumeninae) in the Crimea, Ukraine</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="0135778FCEF7272826DA758867209C6D" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="BB3E80692EBC8DC91AC1487B4F96AC29">
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<mods:roleTerm id="E285FF901FF654FD6CD53E8DEB78CAAE">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="274721FE9CB7F852E93FBC4C2EB1563E">Fateryga, Alexander V.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="20FFD45ECCB5A54CBA435D4CFE9866D0" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="B379DDAC45CD781948CDF4BD94370DE3">
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<mods:roleTerm id="BDD8903A08657ED82324185E318427E3">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="F2DD9F9EB1140AAE33BDEA7D9E7A29AD">Ivanov, Sergey P.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="98E638526A1DAE3E254709D0C84E70DF">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="67BCA3AF6296EA3752DD0CE65CD24AA5">
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<mods:title id="D2EF6F8F13FEFB9BEAAA8C0445057660">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="EC80B9C2DABD321F03FA59B8E381187E">
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<mods:date id="9872D87EBA1FA7BFDA9D2C9EAF747C38">2013</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="C167B9A1D8151FC9B4140FC1BF44B020" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="571B283CCF773C24D20FA97ABDF47A5C">3721</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="4DF8FADC43F58589F06AB044D175BE3A" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="BF8D2F93A58B688E613AA0A62363800A">6</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="6B3225D350C0819164014F1673979CEC">589</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="F9D9BAAD46D6EF619107547382F41E37">600</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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<mods:classification id="F98A0C26398E86A438A21B276A5FE44C">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="35806571102F20FD5BFA83D4F9D7A85B" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3721.6.5</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="78C5CE088DF6240140D40A8E4425E44F" type="GBIF-Dataset">6c4dcdc7-99aa-468e-b32c-e144e1d79ae6</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="3FD80F1F7EF987B0240C0927AAC70A26" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="4E7DAFE6505B294C3263C49DB5199A2C" type="Zenodo-Dep">216030</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="D2C9DDE4CCF1969FB73C0D13A366B338" type="ZooBank">07687102-B2CD-4924-B827-B56409DF3BF2</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="E73F87D5FFC7FFD0FF0CC009FBC7E40C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5617760" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119579026" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5617760" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E73F87D5FFC7FFD0FF0CC009FBC7E40C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E73F87D5FFC7FFD0FF0CC009FBC7E40C" lastPageNumber="590" pageId="1" pageNumber="590">
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<subSubSection id="278C6548FFC7FFD0FF0CC009FD89E7D1" pageId="1" pageNumber="590" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="6F2936C3FFC7FFD0FF0CC009FDE2E7B0" blockId="1.[151,616,1147,1174]" box="[151,616,1147,1174]" pageId="1" pageNumber="590">
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<heading id="346181AFFFC7FFD0FF0CC009FDE2E7B0" bold="true" box="[151,616,1147,1174]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="590" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="5DE2EAD1FFC7FFD0FF0CC009FDE2E7B0" bold="true" box="[151,616,1147,1174]" pageId="1" pageNumber="590">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="A8964D40FFC7FFD0FF75C00EFDE2E7B0" ID-CoL="63LF8" authority="Radoszkowski 1886" authorityName="Radoszkowski" authorityYear="1886" box="[238,616,1147,1174]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Paravespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="590" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="5DE2EAD1FFC7FFD0FF75C00EFEE1E7B3" bold="true" box="[238,363,1147,1173]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="590">Paravespa</emphasis>
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Radoszkowski 1886
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6F2936C3FFC7FFD0FF0CC0B6FD89E7D1" blockId="1.[151,1436,1218,1333]" pageId="1" pageNumber="590">
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<taxonomicName id="A8964D40FFC7FFD0FF0CC0B6FD86E7FE" authority="Radoszkowski 1886: 46" authorityName="Radoszkowski" authorityPageNumber="46" authorityYear="1886" box="[151,524,1218,1240]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Paravespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="590" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="5DE2EAD1FFC7FFD0FF0CC0B6FE8EE7FE" box="[151,260,1219,1240]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="590">Paravespa</emphasis>
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Radoszkowski 1886: 46
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<typeStatus id="B02D8861FFC7FFD0FD81C0B6FDC6E7FE" box="[538,588,1219,1240]" pageId="1" pageNumber="590">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
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<taxonomicName id="A8964D40FFC7FFD0FD29C0B6FBFAE7FE" authority="Radoszkowski 1886" authorityName="Radoszkowski" authorityYear="1886" box="[690,1136,1218,1240]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Paravespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="590" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="komarowii">
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<emphasis id="5DE2EAD1FFC7FFD0FD29C0B6FC19E7FE" box="[690,915,1218,1240]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="590">Paravespa komarowii</emphasis>
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Radoszkowski 1886
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</taxonomicName>
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(=
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<taxonomicName id="A8964D40FFC7FFD0FB00C0B7FEECE7D1" authority="Morawitz 1885" authorityName="Morawitz" authorityYear="1885" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Hoplomerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="590" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadricolor">
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<emphasis id="5DE2EAD1FFC7FFD0FB00C0B7FA16E7FE" box="[1179,1436,1218,1240]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="590">Hoplomerus quadricolor</emphasis>
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Morawitz 1885
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</taxonomicName>
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), by monotypy.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="278C6548FFC7FFD0FF0CC175FBC7E40C" pageId="1" pageNumber="590" type="description">
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<paragraph id="6F2936C3FFC7FFD0FF0CC175FBE8E612" blockId="1.[151,1436,1218,1333]" pageId="1" pageNumber="590">
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<emphasis id="5DE2EAD1FFC7FFD0FF0CC175FF67E630" box="[151,237,1280,1302]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="590">Theletor</emphasis>
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Kokujev 1913: 4.
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<typeStatus id="B02D8861FFC7FFD0FE2BC174FE68E630" box="[432,482,1281,1302]" pageId="1" pageNumber="590">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
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<taxonomicName id="A8964D40FFC7FFD0FDD9C175FC45E630" authority="Kokujev 1913" authorityName="Kokujev" authorityYear="1913" box="[578,975,1280,1302]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Rhynchium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="590" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caucasicum">
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<emphasis id="5DE2EAD1FFC7FFD0FDD9C175FCB8E630" box="[578,818,1280,1302]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="590">Rhynchium caucasicum</emphasis>
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Kokujev 1913
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</taxonomicName>
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, by subsequent designation of van der Vecht 1972, synonymized with
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<taxonomicName id="A8964D40FFC7FFD0FE5CC155FC8CE612" authority="Radoszkowski 1886" authorityName="Radoszkowski" authorityYear="1886" box="[455,774,1310,1333]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Paravespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="590" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="5DE2EAD1FFC7FFD0FE5CC155FDB9E613" box="[455,563,1312,1333]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="590">Paravespa</emphasis>
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Radoszkowski 1886
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</taxonomicName>
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by van der Vecht & Fischer 1972.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6F2936C3FFC7FFD0FF0CC114FBBCE52C" blockId="1.[151,1436,1377,1834]" pageId="1" pageNumber="590">
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The genus includes 17 species. Four Palaearctic species of the subgenus
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<taxonomicName id="A8964D40FFC7FFD0FC50C117FBC9E65F" box="[971,1091,1378,1401]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Paravespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="590" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="5DE2EAD1FFC7FFD0FC50C117FBC9E65F" box="[971,1091,1378,1401]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="590">Paravespa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are distributed in Western and Central Asia. However, one species,
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<emphasis id="5DE2EAD1FFC7FFD0FDA9C1F3FDCEE6BB" box="[562,580,1414,1437]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="590">P.</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="5DE2EAD1FFC7FFD0FDCDC1F3FDE3E6BB" box="[598,617,1414,1437]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="590">P.</emphasis>
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)
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<taxonomicName id="A8964D40FFC7FFD0FDE0C1F3FD17E6BB" box="[635,669,1414,1437]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Paravespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="590" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rex">
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<emphasis id="5DE2EAD1FFC7FFD0FDE0C1F3FD17E6BB" box="[635,669,1414,1437]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="590">rex</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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occurs also in Europe (the Crimea). The genus is not included to the “Fauna Europaea” database (Gusenleitner 2004). The record of the presence of
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<taxonomicName id="A8964D40FFC7FFD0FBB1C1DFFB28E6E7" box="[1066,1186,1450,1473]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Paravespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="590" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="5DE2EAD1FFC7FFD0FBB1C1DFFB28E6E7" box="[1066,1186,1450,1473]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="590">Paravespa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in Europe was firstly published by G. Kostylev, as “
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<taxonomicName id="A8964D40FFC7FFD0FD9FC1B8FD04E6C0" box="[516,654,1485,1510]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Hoplomerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="590" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="5DE2EAD1FFC7FFD0FD9FC1B8FD04E6C0" box="[516,654,1485,1510]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="590">Hoplomerus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(=
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<taxonomicName id="A8964D40FFC7FFD0FD5AC1BBFCB3E6C3" box="[705,825,1486,1509]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Paravespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="590" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="5DE2EAD1FFC7FFD0FD5AC1BBFCB3E6C3" box="[705,825,1486,1509]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="590">Paravespa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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)
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<taxonomicName id="A8964D40FFC7FFD0FCD4C1BBFBDAE6C0" authority="Schulth. & Friese" authorityName="Schulth. & Friese" box="[847,1104,1485,1510]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Paravespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="590" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rex">
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<emphasis id="5DE2EAD1FFC7FFD0FCD4C1BBFCFBE6C3" box="[847,881,1486,1509]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="590">rex</emphasis>
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Schulth. & Friese
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</taxonomicName>
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” (Kostylev 1928), and then repeated by Kurzenko (1977). These records were omitted by Gusenleitner (2004).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6F2936C3FFC7FFD0FF5CC260FC3BE598" blockId="1.[151,1436,1377,1834]" pageId="1" pageNumber="590">
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The species of the genus differ from other related genera (i.e.,
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<taxonomicName id="A8964D40FFC7FFD0FC44C263FAEEE508" authority="Bluthgen 1938" authorityName="Bluthgen" authorityYear="1938" box="[991,1380,1557,1582]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Paragymnomerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="590" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="5DE2EAD1FFC7FFD0FC44C263FB2CE50B" box="[991,1190,1558,1581]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="590">Paragymnomerus</emphasis>
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Blüthgen 1938
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="A8964D40FFC7FFD0FF0CC24CFD8AE574" authority="Bluthgen 1939" authorityName="Bluthgen" authorityYear="1939" box="[151,512,1593,1618]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Tropidodynerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="590" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="5DE2EAD1FFC7FFD0FF0CC24CFECDE574" box="[151,327,1593,1618]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="590">Tropidodynerus</emphasis>
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Blüthgen 1939
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</taxonomicName>
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) by the long parastigma, which is longer than the pterostigma, by deep, long parapsidal furrows, and by having a smooth lustrous area on scutum anteriorly. Three species,
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<taxonomicName id="A8964D40FFC7FFD0FB69C22BFAE0E553" box="[1266,1386,1630,1653]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Paravespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="590" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="5DE2EAD1FFC7FFD0FB69C22BFAE0E553" box="[1266,1386,1630,1653]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="590">Paravespa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<emphasis id="5DE2EAD1FFC7FFD0FAE5C22BFA1AE553" box="[1406,1424,1630,1653]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="590">P.</emphasis>
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)
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<taxonomicName id="A8964D40FFC7FFD0FF0CC2F4FF66E5BC" box="[151,236,1665,1690]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Paravespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="590" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandis">
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<emphasis id="5DE2EAD1FFC7FFD0FF0CC2F4FF66E5BC" box="[151,236,1665,1690]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="590">grandis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<emphasis id="5DE2EAD1FFC7FFD0FF66C2F7FE85E5BF" box="[253,271,1666,1689]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="590">P.</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="5DE2EAD1FFC7FFD0FEBFC2F7FEB8E5BF" box="[292,306,1666,1689]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="590">P</emphasis>
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.)
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<taxonomicName id="A8964D40FFC7FFD0FED7C2F7FE38E5BF" box="[332,434,1666,1689]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Paravespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="590" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mimetica">
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<emphasis id="5DE2EAD1FFC7FFD0FED7C2F7FE38E5BF" box="[332,434,1666,1689]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="590">mimetica</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<emphasis id="5DE2EAD1FFC7FFD0FE6EC2F7FD8DE5BF" box="[501,519,1666,1689]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="590">P.</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="5DE2EAD1FFC7FFD0FD87C2F7FDA0E5BF" box="[540,554,1666,1689]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="590">P</emphasis>
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.)
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<taxonomicName id="A8964D40FFC7FFD0FDDFC2F4FD40E5BC" box="[580,714,1665,1690]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Hoplomerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="590" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadricolor">
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<emphasis id="5DE2EAD1FFC7FFD0FDDFC2F4FD40E5BC" box="[580,714,1665,1690]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="590">quadricolor</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are characterized by well-developed sexual dimorphism in the coloration, the males and females of
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<emphasis id="5DE2EAD1FFC7FFD0FDAFC2D3FDCCE59B" box="[564,582,1702,1725]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="590">P.</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="5DE2EAD1FFC7FFD0FDC3C2D3FDE1E59B" box="[600,619,1702,1725]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="590">P.</emphasis>
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)
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<taxonomicName id="A8964D40FFC7FFD0FDE6C2D3FD15E59B" box="[637,671,1702,1725]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Paravespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="590" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rex">
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<emphasis id="5DE2EAD1FFC7FFD0FDE6C2D3FD15E59B" box="[637,671,1702,1725]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="590">rex</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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have similar coloration.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6F2936C3FFC7FFD0FF5CC2BCFBC7E40C" blockId="1.[151,1436,1377,1834]" pageId="1" pageNumber="590">
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All species of the genus studied until now are ground nesting. Females make vertical nest burrows on horizontal ground surfaces and surmount nest entrances by turrets. The prey of the wasps is caterpillars of noctuidmoths (
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<taxonomicName id="A8964D40FFC7FFD0FF71C364FEF2E40C" box="[234,376,1809,1834]" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="590" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Lepidoptera</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="A8964D40FFC7FFD0FE19C364FE7DE40C" box="[386,503,1809,1834]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="590" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Noctuidae</taxonomicName>
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) (Blüthgen 1957, Schmidt 1959, Gess & Gess 1988).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |