plazi/treatments-xml
2
0
Fork 0
Code Issues Pull requests Releases Activity
treatments-xml/data/03/8D/87/038D87B8FF9BFFCD64B3FD155CA5F963.xml
maintenance bc2564723d added 03
2024-06-21 12:22:17 +02:00

383 lines
45 KiB
XML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<document id="E43B2B5637EC93B651B90D4CBCCD1E75" ID-CLB-Dataset="55700" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5133.2.2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ab46536f-264d-4372-b58e-c16649a0dd75" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6521605" ID-ZooBank="A227A794-4435-4FBE-B021-45EF51C56203" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1651754307656" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Coetzee, Maureen" docDate="2022" docId="038D87B8FF9BFFCD64B3FD155CA5F963" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5133.2.2.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5133 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Anopheles coustani Laveran 1900" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="186" masterDocId="FFB4FFC0FF98FFC96424F8045921FD39" masterDocTitle="Literature review of the systematics, biology and role in malaria transmission of species in the Afrotropical Anopheles subgenus Anopheles (Diptera: Culicidae)" masterLastPageNumber="200" masterPageNumber="182" pageNumber="185" updateTime="1699329786491" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
<mods:mods id="0E487B339ED95B553BA1CCD17D8EDE05" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="E8ECA696B5019947855E713877C29D89">
<mods:title id="2D3F5F3FAB7229FBB1638AFF953DA17C">Literature review of the systematics, biology and role in malaria transmission of species in the Afrotropical Anopheles subgenus Anopheles (Diptera: Culicidae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="970C8FE2E56C2179FC3551EB79E7DF21" type="personal">
<mods:role id="A8BB0EAA6748B23CA1DEC931EB0EEBDD">
<mods:roleTerm id="399E2FECC7FF8D4CD8731CF1EC2067FA">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="14853893D5DA95C01F87582DF874F7A5">Coetzee, Maureen</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="22794927DF301D18DEAB7FCD460EAC29">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="5BFADB9418286110AF647454C9A436BA" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="013356F2E6EDAEDF192FB94AC8395D50">
<mods:title id="67E98DFFF7CD6306F87C669A1F1FF164">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="042E361DDB2CF81843C815540F3AF792">
<mods:date id="2F0E85E6974D7A2E64228E9044C1C671">2022</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="94C533C00844FFE6E0DA607308EDA22A" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="2234FDFD20B13D1BB0274281074CC18F">2022-05-04</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="BFA1BF671E02DEC718E95FCCD4A1B8C7" type="volume">
<mods:number id="24FCD4518B6222ADB3F532A27188FCD9">5133</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="9A323D8C7E8F08BCC57E9AC457539291" type="issue">
<mods:number id="84497FCED24A8F56D9883C5B39D2029D">2</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="364BB771420DA6DE487C03278CE85BE3" unit="page">
<mods:start id="9B49B99D3339EC430B4DDA9E09406450">182</mods:start>
<mods:end id="F4E2653FA7FEC56610C748F5DF6D17C0">200</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="182D7755508E2D8817E5A05705433BB6">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="48F24F87EF745B31ED62E6B30D581DF5" type="CLB-Dataset">55700</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="117B13014E206C33CCCE69EC44C88B46" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5133.2.2</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="3B85850ECEF76FB28FE3335A67D4AAF2" type="GBIF-Dataset">ab46536f-264d-4372-b58e-c16649a0dd75</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="5D09BDF44275796048E932D619E5B2B8" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="41E2A1F10540E458DF5206D7720A5654" type="Zenodo-Dep">6521605</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="D99C9B7C95308F3647F0BC4759056CCC" type="ZooBank">A227A794-4435-4FBE-B021-45EF51C56203</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="038D87B8FF9BFFCD64B3FD155CA5F963" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6522886" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195192428" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6522886" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038D87B8FF9BFFCD64B3FD155CA5F963" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038D87B8FF9BFFCD64B3FD155CA5F963" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="186" pageId="3" pageNumber="185">
<subSubSection id="C33E6525FF9BFFCA64B3FD155B5FF815" box="[151,638,1297,1324]" pageId="3" pageNumber="185" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B9B36AEFF9BFFCA64B3FD155B5FF815" blockId="3.[151,638,1297,1324]" box="[151,638,1297,1324]" pageId="3" pageNumber="185">
<heading id="D0D381C2FF9BFFCA64B3FD155B5FF815" bold="true" box="[151,638,1297,1324]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="185" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C244D2DFF9BFFCA64B3FD155B5FF815" ID-CoL="89Z37" authority="Laveran, 1900" authorityName="Laveran" authorityYear="1900" box="[151,638,1297,1324]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="185" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coustani">
<emphasis id="B950EABCFF9BFFCA64B3FD155B5FF815" bold="true" box="[151,638,1297,1324]" pageId="3" pageNumber="185">
<emphasis id="B950EABCFF9BFFCA64B3FD155889F815" bold="true" box="[151,424,1297,1324]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="185">Anopheles coustani</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB54B5FFF9BFFCA6594FD165B5FF815" author="Laveran" box="[432,638,1298,1324]" pageId="3" pageNumber="185" pagination="109 - 110" refId="ref9663" refString="Laveran, [A.] (1900) Sur un Anopheles provenant de Madagascar. Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Seiances et Meimoires de la Socieitei de Biologie, 52, 109 - 110." type="journal article" year="1900">Laveran, 1900</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33E6525FF9BFFCA64B3FD535B14F895" pageId="3" pageNumber="185" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B9B36AEFF9BFFCA64B3FD535A6BF856" blockId="3.[151,842,1366,1452]" box="[151,842,1366,1391]" pageId="3" pageNumber="185">
1901.
<taxonomicName id="4C244D2DFF9BFFCA64F3FD525BC2F857" ID-CoL="87S2V" authority="de Grandpre &amp; de Charmoy" authorityName="de Grandpre &amp; de Charmoy" box="[215,739,1366,1391]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="185" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mauritianus">
<emphasis id="B950EABCFF9BFFCA64F3FD5258E1F857" box="[215,448,1366,1390]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="185">Anopheles mauritianus</emphasis>
de Grandpre &amp; de Charmoy
</taxonomicName>
, synonym
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9B36AEFF9BFFCA64B3FD715BF4F8B7" blockId="3.[151,842,1366,1452]" box="[151,725,1397,1422]" pageId="3" pageNumber="185">
1901.
<taxonomicName id="4C244D2DFF9BFFCA64F3FD715B4CF8B4" ID-CoL="87S72" authority="Theobald" authorityName="Theobald" box="[215,621,1397,1421]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="185" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="paludis" variety="similis">
<emphasis id="B950EABCFF9BFFCA64F3FD7158B0F8B4" box="[215,401,1397,1421]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="185">Anopheles paludis</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="B950EABCFF9BFFCA65E7FD715B24F8B4" box="[451,517,1397,1421]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="185">similis</emphasis>
Theobald
</taxonomicName>
, synonym
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9B36AEFF9BFFCA64B3FD905B14F895" blockId="3.[151,842,1366,1452]" box="[151,565,1428,1452]" pageId="3" pageNumber="185">
1983.
<taxonomicName id="4C244D2DFF9BFFCA64F3FD9058BDF892" ID-CoL="89Z37" authorityName="Laveran" authorityYear="1900" box="[215,412,1428,1452]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="185" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coustani">
<emphasis id="B950EABCFF9BFFCA64F3FD9058BDF892" box="[215,412,1428,1452]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="185">Anopheles coustani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. A, Coetzee
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33E6525FF9BFFCA64B3FDDF5B97FBC9" pageId="3" pageNumber="185" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B9B36AEFF9BFFCA64B3FDDF5AC1F8CD" blockId="3.[151,1437,1498,1777]" box="[151,992,1498,1525]" pageId="3" pageNumber="185">
<materialsCitation id="3B4C3CF3FF9BFFCA64B3FDDF5AFAF8CD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3763101312" box="[151,987,1498,1525]" collectionCode="LOCALITY" country="Madagascar" location="Ankarafantsika" municipality="Ampijoroa forest" pageId="3" pageNumber="185" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="549F880CFF9BFFCA64B3FDDF59FCF8CC" box="[151,221,1499,1525]" pageId="3" pageNumber="185">TYPE</typeStatus>
<collectionCode id="ED35AE6BFF9BFFCA64C0FDDE5853F8CD" box="[228,370,1498,1524]" pageId="3" pageNumber="185">LOCALITY</collectionCode>
:
<location id="8EFB6075FF9BFFCA655FFDDE5B08F8CD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038D87B8FF9BFFCD64B3FD155CA5F963:8EFB6075FF9BFFCA655FFDDE5B08F8CD" box="[379,553,1498,1524]" country="Madagascar" municipality="Ampijoroa forest" name="Ankarafantsika" pageId="3" pageNumber="185">Ankarafantsika</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BFFACD4FF9BFFCA6616FDDE5BD2F8CD" box="[562,755,1498,1524]" pageId="3" pageNumber="185">Ampijoroa forest</collectingMunicipality>
station,
<collectingCountry id="F333763EFF9BFFCA6776FDDE5AFAF8CD" box="[850,987,1498,1524]" name="Madagascar" pageId="3" pageNumber="185">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9B36AEFF9BFFCA64E3FDFA5B97FBC9" blockId="3.[151,1437,1498,1777]" pageId="3" pageNumber="185">
The original description of this species by
<bibRefCitation id="EFB54B5FFF9BFFCA6696FDFB5A40FB21" author="Laveran" box="[690,865,1534,1561]" pageId="3" pageNumber="185" pagination="109 - 110" refId="ref9663" refString="Laveran, [A.] (1900) Sur un Anopheles provenant de Madagascar. Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Seiances et Meimoires de la Socieitei de Biologie, 52, 109 - 110." type="journal article" year="1900">Laveran (1900)</bibRefCitation>
states that the specimens came from an unknown marsh locality on
<collectingCountry id="F333763EFF9BFFCA6540FE2658CCFB05" box="[356,493,1570,1596]" name="Madagascar" pageId="3" pageNumber="185">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
. It is not known why
<bibRefCitation id="EFB54B5FFF9BFFCA66C2FE275A5CFB05" author="Evans, A. M." box="[742,893,1570,1597]" pageId="3" pageNumber="185" refId="ref8223" refString="Evans, A. M. (1938) Mosquitoes of the Ethiopian Region. II. - Anophelini adults and early stages. British Museum (Natural History), London, x, 404 pp." type="book" year="1938">Evans (1938)</bibRefCitation>
gave the type locality as the island of
<collectingCountry id="F333763EFF9BFFCA6112FE265CB9FB05" box="[1334,1432,1570,1596]" name="Réunion" pageId="3" pageNumber="185">Reunion</collectingCountry>
, but this error was perpetuated in later works by
<bibRefCitation id="EFB54B5FFF9BFFCA669FFE425AA8FB59" author="de Meillon, B." box="[699,905,1606,1632]" pageId="3" pageNumber="185" pagination="1 - 272" refId="ref7995" refString="de Meillon, B. (1947) The Anophelini of the Ethiopian Geographical Region. Publications of the South African Institute for Medical Research, 10 (49), 1 - 272" type="journal article" year="1947">de Meillon (1947)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="EFB54B5FFF9BFFCA67E6FE425C27FB58" author="Gillies, M. T. &amp; de Meillon, B." box="[962,1286,1606,1633]" pageId="3" pageNumber="185" pagination="1 - 343" refId="ref8483" refString="Gillies, M. T. &amp; de Meillon, B. (1968) The Anophelinae of Africa south of the Sahara (Ethiopian Zoogeographical Region). Publications of the South African Institute for Medical Research, 54, 1 - 343." type="journal article" year="1968">Gillies &amp; de Meillon (1968)</bibRefCitation>
. “
<taxonomicName id="4C244D2DFF9BFFCA613FFE425CBCFB59" box="[1307,1437,1606,1632]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="199" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="synoptic">A Synoptic</taxonomicName>
Catalog of the Mosquitoes of the World” (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB54B5FFF9BFFCA66A6FE6E5A6BFBBC" author="Stone, A. &amp; Knight, K. L. &amp; Starcke, H." box="[642,842,1642,1669]" pageId="3" pageNumber="185" refId="ref11372" refString="Stone, A., Knight, K. L. &amp; Starcke, H. (1959) A synoptic catalog of the mosquitoes of the world (Diptera, Culicidae). The Thomas Say Foundation. Volume VI. Entomological Society of America, College Park, Maryland, vi + 358 pp." type="book" year="1959">
Stone
<emphasis id="B950EABCFF9BFFCA66E9FE6F5A20FBBD" box="[717,769,1642,1668]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="185">et al</emphasis>
. 1959
</bibRefCitation>
) gives the correct type locality but later catalogues (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB54B5FFF9BFFCA64BBFE8A58B4FB91" author="Knight, K. L. &amp; Stone, A." box="[159,405,1678,1704]" pageId="3" pageNumber="185" refId="ref9536" refString="Knight, K. L. &amp; Stone, A. (1977) A catalog of the mosquitoes of the world. The Thomas Say Foundation. Vol. VI. 2 nd Edition. Entomological Society of America, College Park, Maryland, xi + 611 pp." type="book" year="1977">Knight &amp; Stone 1977</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFB54B5FFF9BFFCA6585FE8A5B07FB91" author="White, G. B." box="[417,550,1678,1704]" pageId="3" pageNumber="185" pagination="114 - 148" refId="ref12052" refString="White, G. B. (1980) Family Culicidae. In: Crosskey, R. W. (Ed.), Catalogue of the Diptera of the Afrotropical Region. British Museum (Natural History), London, pp. 114 - 148." type="book chapter" year="1980">White 1980</bibRefCitation>
) list it as
<collectingCountry id="F333763EFF9BFFCA66B1FE8A5BD9FB91" box="[661,760,1678,1704]" name="Réunion" pageId="3" pageNumber="185">Reunion</collectingCountry>
.
<bibRefCitation id="EFB54B5FFF9BFFCA6726FE8A5A8FFB90" author="Coetzee, M." box="[770,942,1678,1705]" pageId="3" pageNumber="185" pagination="125 - 131" refId="ref7688" refString="Coetzee, M. (1995) Anopheles crypticus, new species from South Africa is distinguished from Anopheles coustani (Diptera: Culicidae). Mosquito Systematics, 26 (3), 125 - 131. [for 1994]." type="journal article" year="1995">Coetzee (1995)</bibRefCitation>
discussed the confusion of the type locality and designated a
<typeStatus id="549F880CFF9BFFCA657FFEB75895FBF4" box="[347,436,1715,1741]" pageId="3" pageNumber="185" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
for
<taxonomicName id="4C244D2DFF9BFFCA65C7FEB65B51FBF5" authorityName="Laveran" authorityYear="1900" box="[483,624,1714,1740]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="185" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coustani">
<emphasis id="B950EABCFF9BFFCA65C7FEB65B51FBF5" box="[483,624,1714,1740]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="185">An. coustani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with the above type locality. The most recent catalogue of
<bibRefCitation id="EFB54B5FFF9BFFCA6129FEB65827FBC9" author="Wilkerson, R. C. &amp; Linton, Y. - M. &amp; Strickman, D." pageId="3" pageNumber="185" refId="ref12101" refString="Wilkerson, R. C., Linton, Y. - M. &amp; Strickman, D. (2021) Mosquitoes of the world. Vols. 1 &amp; 2. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Maryland, 1332 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1186 / s 13071 - 021 - 04848 - 6" type="book" year="2021">
Wilkerson
<emphasis id="B950EABCFF9BFFCA61ACFEB7598CFBC9" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="185">et al</emphasis>
. (2021)
</bibRefCitation>
gives the type locality as
<collectingCountry id="F333763EFF9BFFCA660CFED25B90FBC9" box="[552,689,1750,1776]" name="Madagascar" pageId="3" pageNumber="185">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33E6525FF9BFFCD64B3FF1A5D65FC24" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="186" pageId="3" pageNumber="185" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9B36AEFF9BFFCA64B3FF1A587EFA01" blockId="3.[151,1437,1822,2029]" box="[151,351,1822,1848]" pageId="3" pageNumber="185">DESCRIPTION:</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9B36AEFF9BFFCA64E3FF475A83FA65" blockId="3.[151,1437,1822,2029]" box="[199,930,1858,1885]" pageId="3" pageNumber="185">
<emphasis id="B950EABCFF9BFFCA64E3FF475875FA65" box="[199,340,1858,1884]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="185">Wing length</emphasis>
: Normally 5.0–
<quantity id="4CDC9B4BFF9BFFCA662BFF465B4DFA64" box="[527,620,1858,1885]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.8" pageId="3" pageNumber="185" unit="mm" value="5.8">5.8 mm</quantity>
, but may be much shorter.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9B36AEFF9BFFCA64E3FF635D30FA9D" blockId="3.[151,1437,1822,2029]" pageId="3" pageNumber="185">
<emphasis id="B950EABCFF9BFFCA64E3FF635827FAB9" box="[199,262,1895,1920]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="185">Wing</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="131F2A2BFF9BFFCA653CFF625852FAB9" box="[280,371,1894,1920]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1706,1730]" captionTargetBox="[158,1428,1149,1674]" captionTargetId="figure-423@4.[152,1436,1137,1683]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Anopheles coustani: a, wing; b, palpomere; c, hindleg (from Gillies &amp; de Meillon 1968)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6521611" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6521611/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="185">Fig. 3a</figureCitation>
): Mainly dark, costa with preapical, subcostal and sector pale spots; apical pale fringe spot small, opposite R
<subScript id="17A034EBFF9BFFCA658DFF985893FA93" attach="left" box="[425,434,1948,1962]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="185">2</subScript>
; wing field with variable amount of pale scaling.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9B36AEFF9BFFCA64E3FFAA5D26FAF1" blockId="3.[151,1437,1822,2029]" box="[199,1031,1966,1993]" pageId="3" pageNumber="185">
<emphasis id="B950EABCFF9BFFCA64E3FFAA58B1FAF1" box="[199,400,1966,1992]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="185">Maxillary palpus</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="131F2A2BFF9BFFCA6586FFAA58DFFAF0" box="[418,510,1966,1993]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1706,1730]" captionTargetBox="[158,1428,1149,1674]" captionTargetId="figure-423@4.[152,1436,1137,1683]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Anopheles coustani: a, wing; b, palpomere; c, hindleg (from Gillies &amp; de Meillon 1968)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6521611" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6521611/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="185">Fig. 3b</figureCitation>
): Shaggy, with four pale bands, apex pale.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9B36AEFF9BFFCD64E3FFD759C5FDEC" blockId="3.[151,1437,1822,2029]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1437,151,1114]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="186" pageId="3" pageNumber="185">
<emphasis id="B950EABCFF9BFFCA64E3FFD75820FAD5" box="[199,257,2003,2028]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="185">Legs</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="131F2A2BFF9BFFCA6536FFD6584AFAD5" box="[274,363,2002,2028]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1706,1730]" captionTargetBox="[158,1428,1149,1674]" captionTargetId="figure-423@4.[152,1436,1137,1683]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Anopheles coustani: a, wing; b, palpomere; c, hindleg (from Gillies &amp; de Meillon 1968)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6521611" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6521611/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="185">Fig. 3c</figureCitation>
): Hindtarsomeres 4 and 5 all pale, apical 0.66 of 3 pale; hindtarsomere 1 with base and apex broadly pale; hindtibia with apical pale spot greatly enlarged ventrally to form a longitudinal white stripe.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9B36AEFF9CFFCD64E3F8DB5D65FC24" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1114]" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">
<emphasis id="B950EABCFF9CFFCD64E3F8DB5815FDC1" box="[199,308,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">Variation</emphasis>
: The black band at the base of hindtarsomere 3 may be absent, very narrow or 0.5 as long as the tarsomere. The apical white stripe on the hindtibia may be interrupted distally.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33E6525FF9CFFCD64E3F9235A8DFEF0" pageId="4" pageNumber="186" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8B9B36AEFF9CFFCD64E3F9235838FCB0" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1114]" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">LARVAL HABITAT: The preferred habitats of this species are natural collections of clear water with aquatic and semi-aquatic vegetation, such as swamps, ponds, backwaters of streams, springs, ditches and rice fields.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9B36AEFF9CFFCD64E3F9975A8DFEF0" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1114]" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">
ADULT BIOLOGY: Adult females can be anthropophilic or zoophilic, mostly feeding outdoors and rarely found resting indoors.
<bibRefCitation id="EFB54B5FFF9CFFCD65B2F9B35BF0FCEB" author="Gillies, M. T. &amp; de Meillon, B." box="[406,721,439,466]" pageId="4" pageNumber="186" pagination="1 - 343" refId="ref8483" refString="Gillies, M. T. &amp; de Meillon, B. (1968) The Anophelinae of Africa south of the Sahara (Ethiopian Zoogeographical Region). Publications of the South African Institute for Medical Research, 54, 1 - 343." type="journal article" year="1968">Gillies &amp; de Meillon (1968)</bibRefCitation>
reported positive salivary gland infections of malarial parasites in
<taxonomicName id="4C244D2DFF9CFFCD6491F9DF5863FCCD" authorityName="Laveran" authorityYear="1900" box="[181,322,475,501]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="186" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coustani">
<emphasis id="B950EABCFF9CFFCD6491F9DF5863FCCD" box="[181,322,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">An. coustani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="F333763EFF9CFFCD65A3F9DF58CDFCCC" box="[391,492,475,501]" name="Tanzania" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
(0.18%) and the
<collectingCountry id="F333763EFF9CFFCD6695F9DF5BCAFCCC" box="[689,747,475,501]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">DRC</collectingCountry>
(0.09%) and concluded that it played an insignificant role in malaria transmission. However, more recent research has shown females to be infected with
<taxonomicName id="4C244D2DFF9CFFCD60B4F9FB5CBDFF20" box="[1168,1436,511,537]" family="Plasmodiidae" genus="Plasmodium" kingdom="Chromista" order="Eucoccidiida" pageId="4" pageNumber="186" phylum="Miozoa" rank="species" species="falciparum">
<emphasis id="B950EABCFF9CFFCD60B4F9FB5CBDFF20" box="[1168,1436,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">Plasmodium falciparum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the
<collectingRegion id="49E0F84CFF9CFFCD64F9FA2758A2FF04" box="[221,387,547,573]" country="Kenya" name="Taita/Taveta" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">Taveta District</collectingRegion>
of
<collectingCountry id="F333763EFF9CFFCD658DFA2758D3FF04" box="[425,498,547,573]" name="Kenya" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">Kenya</collectingCountry>
(0.85–1.78%) (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB54B5FFF9CFFCD6686FA275A8AFF04" author="Mwangangi, J. M. &amp; Muturi, E. J. &amp; Muriu, S. M. &amp; Nzovu, J. &amp; Midega, J. T. &amp; Mbogo, C." box="[674,939,547,573]" pageId="4" pageNumber="186" pagination="114" refId="ref10117" refString="Mwangangi, J. M., Muturi, E. J., Muriu, S. M., Nzovu, J., Midega, J. T. &amp; Mbogo, C. (2013) The role of Anopheles arabiensis and Anopheles coustani in indoor and outdoor malaria transmission in Taveta District, Kenya. Parasites &amp; Vectors, 6, 114. https: // doi. org / 10.1186 / 1756 - 3305 - 6 - 114" type="journal article" year="2013">
Mwangangi
<emphasis id="B950EABCFF9CFFCD6715FA275A48FF04" box="[817,873,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">et al.</emphasis>
2013
</bibRefCitation>
) and Lake Victoria islands (18.75%) (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB54B5FFF9CFFCD6172FA27583BFF58" author="Ogola, E. &amp; Villinger, J. &amp; Mabuka, D. &amp; Omondi, D. &amp; Orindi, B. &amp; Mutunga, J. &amp; Owino, V. &amp; Masiga, D. K." pageId="4" pageNumber="186" pagination="360" refId="ref10501" refString="Ogola, E., Villinger, J., Mabuka, D., Omondi, D., Orindi, B., Mutunga, J., Owino, V. &amp; Masiga, D. K. (2017) Composition of Anopheles mosquitoes, their blood-meal hosts, and Plasmodium falciparum infection rates in three islands with disparate bed net coverage in Lake Victoria, Kenya. Malaria Journal, 16, 360. https: // doi. org / 10.1186 / s 12936 - 017 - 2015 - 5" type="journal article" year="2017">
Ogola
<emphasis id="B950EABCFF9CFFCD64B3FA4359F2FF58" box="[151,211,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">et al.</emphasis>
2017
</bibRefCitation>
), also
<collectingRegion id="49E0F84CFF9CFFCD654CFA435898FF58" box="[360,441,583,609]" country="Central African Republic" name="Bangui" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">Bangui</collectingRegion>
in the
<collectingCountry id="F333763EFF9CFFCD6635FA435A13FF58" box="[529,818,583,609]" name="Central African Republic" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">Central African Republic</collectingCountry>
(2.3%) (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB54B5FFF9CFFCD67B8FA435D59FF5B" author="Ndiath, M. O. &amp; Eiglmeier, K. &amp; Ole Sangba, M. L. &amp; Holm, I. &amp; Kazanji, M. &amp; Vernick, K. D." box="[924,1144,583,610]" pageId="4" pageNumber="186" pagination="387" refId="ref10201" refString="Ndiath, M. O., Eiglmeier, K., Ole Sangba, M. L., Holm, I., Kazanji, M. &amp; Vernick, K. D. (2016) Composition and genetics of malaria vector populations in the Central African Republic. Malaria Journal, 15, 387. https: // doi. org / 10.1186 / s 12936 - 016 - 1431 - 2" type="journal article" year="2016">
Ndiath
<emphasis id="B950EABCFF9CFFCD67D1FA435D10FF58" box="[1013,1073,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">et al.</emphasis>
2016
</bibRefCitation>
). Both
<taxonomicName id="4C244D2DFF9CFFCD60EBFA435C48FF58" box="[1231,1385,583,609]" family="Plasmodiidae" genus="Plasmodium" kingdom="Chromista" order="Eucoccidiida" pageId="4" pageNumber="186" phylum="Miozoa" rank="species" species="falciparum">
<emphasis id="B950EABCFF9CFFCD60EBFA435C48FF58" box="[1231,1385,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">P. falciparum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C244D2DFF9CFFCD64B3FA6F59D0FFBD" baseAuthorityName="Grassi &amp; Feletti" baseAuthorityYear="1890" box="[151,241,619,644]" family="Plasmodiidae" genus="Plasmodium" kingdom="Chromista" order="Eucoccidiida" pageId="4" pageNumber="186" phylum="Miozoa" rank="species" species="vivax">
<emphasis id="B950EABCFF9CFFCD64B3FA6F59D0FFBD" box="[151,241,619,644]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">P. vivax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were found in females from Ankazobe (0.01–0.05%) (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB54B5FFF9CFFCD674BFA6F5DB7FFBC" author="Nepomichene, T. N. &amp; Tata, E. &amp; Boyer, S." box="[879,1174,618,645]" pageId="4" pageNumber="186" pagination="475" refId="ref10363" refString="Nepomichene, T. N., Tata, E. &amp; Boyer, S. (2015) Malaria case in Madagascar, probable implication of a new vector, Anopheles coustani. Malaria Journal, 14, 475. https: // doi. org / 10.1186 / s 12936 - 015 - 1004 - 9" type="journal article" year="2015">
Nepomichene
<emphasis id="B950EABCFF9CFFCD6033FA6F5D73FFBC" box="[1047,1106,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">et al.</emphasis>
2015
</bibRefCitation>
) and the
<collectingRegion id="49E0F84CFF9CFFCD6123FA6F59CAFF90" inferredBySuffix="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">Maevatanana District</collectingRegion>
(0.14–0.84%) of
<collectingCountry id="F333763EFF9CFFCD6597FA8B5B1BFF90" box="[435,570,655,681]" name="Madagascar" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB54B5FFF9CFFCD666CFA8B5A80FF90" author="Goupeyou-Youmsi, J. &amp; Rakotondranaivo, T. &amp; Puchot, N. &amp; Peterson, I. &amp; Girod, R. &amp; Vigan-Womas, I. &amp; Paul, R. &amp; Ndiath, M. O. &amp; Bourgouin, C." box="[584,929,655,681]" pageId="4" pageNumber="186" pagination="430" refId="ref8566" refString="Goupeyou-Youmsi, J., Rakotondranaivo, T., Puchot, N., Peterson, I., Girod, R., Vigan-Womas, I., Paul, R., Ndiath, M. O. &amp; Bourgouin, C. (2020) Differential contribution of Anopheles coustani and Anopheles arabiensis to the transmission of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax in two neighbouring villages of Madagascar. Parasites &amp; Vectors, 13, 430. https: // doi. org / 10.1186 / s 13071 - 020 - 04282 - 0" type="journal article" year="2020">
Goupeyou-Youmsi
<emphasis id="B950EABCFF9CFFCD6702FA8B5A7FFF90" box="[806,862,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">et al.</emphasis>
2020
</bibRefCitation>
), but only
<taxonomicName id="4C244D2DFF9CFFCD603DFA8B5D51FF91" baseAuthorityName="Grassi &amp; Feletti" baseAuthorityYear="1890" box="[1049,1136,655,680]" family="Plasmodiidae" genus="Plasmodium" kingdom="Chromista" order="Eucoccidiida" pageId="4" pageNumber="186" phylum="Miozoa" rank="species" species="vivax">
<emphasis id="B950EABCFF9CFFCD603DFA8B5D51FF91" box="[1049,1136,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">P. vivax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was found in southeastern
<collectingCountry id="F333763EFF9CFFCD64B3FAB7583FFFF4" box="[151,286,691,717]" name="Madagascar" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
(3.2%) (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB54B5FFF9CFFCD65A7FAB75B78FFF4" author="Finney, M. &amp; McKenzie, B. A. &amp; Rabaovola, B. &amp; Sutcliffe, A. &amp; Dotson, E. &amp; Zohdy, S." box="[387,601,691,717]" pageId="4" pageNumber="186" pagination="25" refId="ref8261" refString="Finney, M., McKenzie, B. A., Rabaovola, B., Sutcliffe, A., Dotson, E. &amp; Zohdy, S. (2021) Widespread zoophagy and detection of Plasmodium spp. in Anopheles mosquitoes in southeastern Madagascar. Malaria Journal, 20, 25. https: // doi. org / 10.1186 / s 12936 - 020 - 03539 - 4" type="journal article" year="2021">
Finney
<emphasis id="B950EABCFF9CFFCD65FFFAB75B34FFF4" box="[475,533,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">et al.</emphasis>
2021
</bibRefCitation>
).
<bibRefCitation id="EFB54B5FFF9CFFCD664FFAB75AA3FFF7" author="Abduselam, N. &amp; Zeynudin, A. &amp; Berens-Riha, N. &amp; Seyoum, D. &amp; Pritsch, M. &amp; Tibebu, H. &amp; Eba, K. &amp; Hoelscher, M. &amp; Wieser, A. &amp; Yewhalaw, D." box="[619,898,691,718]" pageId="4" pageNumber="186" pagination="552" refId="ref6461" refString="Abduselam, N., Zeynudin, A., Berens-Riha, N., Seyoum, D., Pritsch, M., Tibebu, H., Eba, K., Hoelscher, M., Wieser, A. &amp; Yewhalaw, D. (2016) Similar trends of susceptibility in Anopheles arabiensis and Anopheles pharoensis to Plasmodium vivax infection in Ethiopia. Parasites &amp; Vectors, 9, 552. https: // doi. org / 10.1186 / s 13071 - 016 - 1839 - 0" type="journal article" year="2016">
Abduselam
<emphasis id="B950EABCFF9CFFCD66D7FAB75A0CFFF4" box="[755,813,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">et al.</emphasis>
(2016)
</bibRefCitation>
, however, were unable to experimentally infect Ethiopian
<taxonomicName id="4C244D2DFF9CFFCD652AFAD358BFFFC9" authorityName="Laveran" authorityYear="1900" box="[270,414,727,753]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="186" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coustani">
<emphasis id="B950EABCFF9CFFCD652AFAD358BFFFC9" box="[270,414,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">An. coustani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with
<taxonomicName id="4C244D2DFF9CFFCD65C0FAD35B1FFFC9" baseAuthorityName="Grassi &amp; Feletti" baseAuthorityYear="1890" box="[484,574,727,752]" family="Plasmodiidae" genus="Plasmodium" kingdom="Chromista" order="Eucoccidiida" pageId="4" pageNumber="186" phylum="Miozoa" rank="species" species="vivax">
<emphasis id="B950EABCFF9CFFCD65C0FAD35B1FFFC9" box="[484,574,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">P. vivax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. DNA of
<taxonomicName id="4C244D2DFF9CFFCD6693FAD35A70FFC8" box="[695,849,727,753]" family="Plasmodiidae" genus="Plasmodium" kingdom="Chromista" order="Eucoccidiida" pageId="4" pageNumber="186" phylum="Miozoa" rank="species" species="falciparum">
<emphasis id="B950EABCFF9CFFCD6693FAD35A70FFC8" box="[695,849,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">P. falciparum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was found by qPCR in
<specimenCount id="9D22FD27FF9CFFCD6054FAD35DD3FFC8" box="[1136,1266,727,753]" pageId="4" pageNumber="186" type="female">six females</specimenCount>
from northern
<collectingCountry id="F333763EFF9CFFCD64B3FAFF59CCFE2C" box="[151,237,763,789]" name="Zambia" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">Zambia</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB54B5FFF9CFFCD64D9FAFF58DFFE2C" author="Ciubotariu, I. I. &amp; Jones, C. M. &amp; Kobayashi, T. &amp; Bobanga, T. &amp; Muleba, M. &amp; Pringle, J. C. &amp; Stevenson, J. C. &amp; Carpi, G. &amp; Norris, D. E." box="[253,510,763,789]" pageId="4" pageNumber="186" pagination="1782 - 1792" refId="ref7424" refString="Ciubotariu, I. I., Jones, C. M., Kobayashi, T., Bobanga, T., Muleba, M., Pringle, J. C., Stevenson, J. C., Carpi, G. &amp; Norris, D. E. (2020) Genetic diversity of Anopheles coustani (Diptera: Culicidae) in malaria transmission foci in southern and central Africa. Journal of Medical Entomology, 57 (6), 1782 - 1792. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / jme / tjaa 132" type="journal article" year="2020">
Ciubotariu
<emphasis id="B950EABCFF9CFFCD655BFAFF5898FE2C" box="[383,441,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">et al.</emphasis>
2020
</bibRefCitation>
).
<bibRefCitation id="EFB54B5FFF9CFFCD6635FAFF5A54FE2F" author="Antonio-Nkondjio, C. &amp; Kerah, C. H. &amp; Simard, F. &amp; Awono-Ambene, P. &amp; Chouaibou, M. &amp; Tchuinkam, T. &amp; Fontenille, D." box="[529,885,763,790]" pageId="4" pageNumber="186" pagination="1215 - 1221" refId="ref6648" refString="Antonio-Nkondjio, C., Kerah, C. H., Simard, F., Awono-Ambene, P., Chouaibou, M., Tchuinkam, T. &amp; Fontenille, D. (2006) Complexity of the malaria vectorial system in Cameroon: contribution of secondary vectors to malaria transmission. Journal of Medical Entomology, 43 (6), 1215 - 1221. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / jmedent / 43.6.1215" type="journal article" year="2006">
Antonio-Nkondjio
<emphasis id="B950EABCFF9CFFCD66CCFAFF5A03FE2C" box="[744,802,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">et al.</emphasis>
(2006)
</bibRefCitation>
found females infected with
<taxonomicName id="4C244D2DFF9CFFCD60E0FAFF5C66FE2C" authorityName="Marchiafava &amp; Celli" authorityYear="1885" box="[1220,1351,763,789]" family="Plasmodiidae" genus="Plasmodium" kingdom="Chromista" order="Eucoccidiida" pageId="4" pageNumber="186" phylum="Miozoa" rank="species" species="malariae">
<emphasis id="B950EABCFF9CFFCD60E0FAFF5C66FE2C" box="[1220,1351,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">P. malariae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(3.2%) in
<collectingCountry id="F333763EFF9CFFCD6491FB1B580CFE00" box="[181,301,799,825]" name="Cameroon" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">Cameroon</collectingCountry>
. Rift Valley Fever virus was isolated from
<taxonomicName id="4C244D2DFF9CFFCD6734FB1B5ABCFE01" authorityName="Laveran" authorityYear="1900" box="[784,925,799,825]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="186" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coustani">
<emphasis id="B950EABCFF9CFFCD6734FB1B5ABCFE01" box="[784,925,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">An. coustani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the Haute Matsiatra region of
<collectingCountry id="F333763EFF9CFFCD6131FB1B5CBDFE00" box="[1301,1436,799,825]" name="Madagascar" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB54B5FFF9CFFCD64BBFB47588AFE64" author="Ratovonjato, J. &amp; Olive, M. M. &amp; Tantely, L. M. &amp; Andrianaivolambo, L. &amp; Tata, E. &amp; Razainirina, J. &amp; Jeanmaire, E. &amp; Reynes, J. M. &amp; Elissa, N." box="[159,427,835,861]" pageId="4" pageNumber="186" pagination="753 - 759" refId="ref10816" refString="Ratovonjato, J., Olive, M. M., Tantely, L. M., Andrianaivolambo, L., Tata, E., Razainirina, J., Jeanmaire, E., Reynes, J. M. &amp; Elissa, N. (2011) Detection, isolation, and genetic characterization of Rift Valley fever virus from Anopheles (Anopheles) coustani, Anopheles (Anopheles) squamosus, and Culex (Culex) antennatus of the Haute Matsiatra region, Madagascar. Vector-Borne Zoonotic Diseases, 11 (6), 753 - 759. https: // doi. org / 10.1089 / vbz. 2010.0031" type="journal article" year="2011">
Ratovonjato
<emphasis id="B950EABCFF9CFFCD6515FB475848FE64" box="[305,361,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">et al.</emphasis>
2011
</bibRefCitation>
), Wesselsbron virus in
<collectingCountry id="F333763EFF9CFFCD668AFB475BD6FE64" box="[686,759,835,861]" name="Kenya" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">Kenya</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB54B5FFF9CFFCD6722FB475ACDFE64" author="Villinger, J. &amp; Mbaya, M. K. &amp; Ouso, D. &amp; Kipanga, P. N. &amp; Lutomiah, J. &amp; Masiga, D. K." box="[774,1004,835,861]" pageId="4" pageNumber="186" pagination="466 - 480" refId="ref11898" refString="Villinger, J., Mbaya, M. K., Ouso, D., Kipanga, P. N., Lutomiah, J. &amp; Masiga, D. K. (2017) Arbovirus and insect-specific virus discovery in Kenya by novel six genera multiplex high-resolution melting analysis. Molecular Ecology Resources, 17 (3), 466 - 480. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / 1755 - 0998.12584" type="journal article" year="2017">
Villinger
<emphasis id="B950EABCFF9CFFCD6756FB475A8AFE64" box="[882,939,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">et al.</emphasis>
2017
</bibRefCitation>
) and Zika virus in
<collectingRegion id="49E0F84CFF9CFFCD60E5FB475C18FE64" box="[1217,1337,835,861]" country="Senegal" name="Kedougou" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">Kedougou</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F333763EFF9CFFCD6160FB475CBCFE64" box="[1348,1437,835,861]" name="Senegal" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">Senegal</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB54B5FFF9CFFCD64BBFB635847FEB8" author="Diallo, D. &amp; Sall, A. A. &amp; Diagne, C. T. &amp; Faye, Oum &amp; Faye, Ous &amp; Ba, Y. &amp; Hanley, K. A. &amp; Buenemann, M. &amp; Weaver, S. C. &amp; Diallo, M." box="[159,358,871,897]" pageId="4" pageNumber="186" pagination="109442" refId="ref8029" refString="Diallo, D., Sall, A. A., Diagne, C. T., Faye, Oum., Faye, Ous., Ba, Y., Hanley, K. A., Buenemann, M., Weaver, S. C. &amp; Diallo, M. (2014) Zika virus emergence in mosquitoes in southeastern Senegal, 2011. Plos One, 9 (10), e 109442. https: // doi. org / 10.1371 / journal. pone. 0109442" type="journal article" year="2014">
Diallo
<emphasis id="B950EABCFF9CFFCD64C8FB635805FEB8" box="[236,292,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">et al.</emphasis>
2014
</bibRefCitation>
).
<bibRefCitation id="EFB54B5FFF9CFFCD6553FB635B58FEB8" author="Makanga, B. &amp; Costantini, C. &amp; Rahola, N. &amp; Yangari P. &amp; Rougeron, V. &amp; Ayala, D. &amp; Prugnolle, F. &amp; Paupy, C." box="[375,633,871,897]" pageId="4" pageNumber="186" pagination="7578 - 7584" refId="ref9831" refString="Makanga, B., Costantini, C., Rahola, N., Yangari P., Rougeron, V., Ayala, D., Prugnolle, F. &amp; Paupy, C. (2017) &quot; Show me which parasites you carry and I will tell you what you eat &quot;, or how to infer the trophic behaviour of hematophagous arthropods feeding on wildlife. Ecology and Evolution, 7 (19), 7578 - 7584. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / ece 3.2769" type="journal article" year="2017">
Makanga
<emphasis id="B950EABCFF9CFFCD65CFFB635B04FEB8" box="[491,549,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">et al.</emphasis>
(2017)
</bibRefCitation>
in
<collectingCountry id="F333763EFF9CFFCD66B8FB635BCBFEB8" box="[668,746,871,897]" name="Gabon" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">Gabon</collectingCountry>
collected mosquitoes in two wild-life reserves and inferred their host preference through identification of haemosporidian infections in the mosquitoes. Out of 29
<taxonomicName id="4C244D2DFF9CFFCD6150FB8F59DAFEF1" authorityName="Laveran" authorityYear="1900" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="186" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coustani">
<emphasis id="B950EABCFF9CFFCD6150FB8F59DAFEF1" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">An. coustani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
examined, two were found positive for ungulate parasites.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33E6525FF9CFFCD64E3FBD75CA5F963" pageId="4" pageNumber="186" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B9B36AEFF9CFFCD64E3FBD75CA5F963" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1114]" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">
DISTRIBUTION: Common throughout the Afrotropical Region, from
<collectingCountry id="F333763EFF9CFFCD6061FBD75DB2FED4" box="[1093,1171,979,1005]" name="Oman" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">Oman</collectingCountry>
, southwestern
<collectingCountry id="F333763EFF9CFFCD6172FBD759CAF928" name="Saudi Arabia" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">Saudi Arabia</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F333763EFF9CFFCD6507FBF35858F928" box="[291,377,1015,1041]" name="Yemen" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">Yemen</collectingCountry>
in the north southward to
<collectingRegion id="49E0F84CFF9CFFCD668BFBF35A43F928" box="[687,866,1015,1041]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">Cape Province</collectingRegion>
in
<collectingCountry id="F333763EFF9CFFCD67A3FBF35D02F928" box="[903,1059,1015,1041]" name="South Africa" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">South Africa</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB54B5FFF9CFFCD6016FBF35C21F928" author="de Meillon, B." box="[1074,1280,1015,1041]" pageId="4" pageNumber="186" pagination="1 - 272" refId="ref7995" refString="de Meillon, B. (1947) The Anophelini of the Ethiopian Geographical Region. Publications of the South African Institute for Medical Research, 10 (49), 1 - 272" type="journal article" year="1947">de Meillon 1947</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFB54B5FFF9CFFCD612FFBF35CB6F928" author="Glick, J. I." box="[1291,1431,1015,1041]" pageId="4" pageNumber="186" pagination="125 - 153" refId="ref8528" refString="Glick, J. I. (1992) Illustrated key to the female Anopheles of southwestern Asia and Egypt (Diptera: Culicidae). Mosquito Systematics, 24 (2), 125 - 153." type="journal article" year="1992">Glick 1992</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFB54B5FFF9CFFCD64B3FC1F5841F90C" author="Irish, S. R. &amp; Kyalo, D. &amp; Snow, R. W. &amp; Coetzee, M." box="[151,352,1051,1077]" pageId="4" pageNumber="186" pagination="401 - 449" refId="ref9235" refString="Irish, S. R., Kyalo, D., Snow, R. W. &amp; Coetzee, M. (2020) Updated list of Anopheles species (Diptera: Culicidae) by country in the Afrotropical Region and associated islands. Zootaxa, 4747 (3), 401 - 449. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4747.3.1" type="journal article" year="2020">
Irish
<emphasis id="B950EABCFF9CFFCD64FCFC1F5837F90C" box="[216,278,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">et al.</emphasis>
2020
</bibRefCitation>
), and on the associated islands of
<collectingCountry id="F333763EFF9CFFCD6721FC1F5ABDF90C" box="[773,924,1051,1077]" name="Madagascar" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F333763EFF9CFFCD678DFC1F5D00F90C" box="[937,1057,1051,1077]" name="Mauritius" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">Mauritius</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F333763EFF9CFFCD6079FC1F5DE4F90C" box="[1117,1221,1051,1077]" name="Réunion" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">Reunion</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB54B5FFF9CFFCD60F2FC1F5CAFF90F" author="Grjebine, A." box="[1238,1422,1051,1078]" pageId="4" pageNumber="186" refId="ref8700" refString="Grjebine, A. (1966) Faune de Madagascar. XXII. Insectes Dipteres Culicidae Anophelinae. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Office de la Recherche Scientifique et Technique Outre-Mer, Paris, 487 pp., table, map, 8 pls." type="book" year="1966">Grjebine 1966</bibRefCitation>
); extending up to altitudes of
<quantity id="4CDC9B4BFF9CFFCD65D4FC3B5B74F960" box="[496,597,1087,1113]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="4" pageNumber="186" unit="m" value="2700.0">2,700 m</quantity>
in
<collectingCountry id="F333763EFF9CFFCD6658FC3B5BC5F960" box="[636,740,1087,1113]" name="Ethiopia" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">Ethiopia</collectingCountry>
and
<quantity id="4CDC9B4BFF9CFFCD6705FC3B5AA4F960" box="[801,901,1087,1113]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="4" pageNumber="186" unit="m" value="2300.0">2,300 m</quantity>
in
<collectingCountry id="F333763EFF9CFFCD6788FC3B5D3AF960" box="[940,1051,1087,1113]" name="Tanzania" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB54B5FFF9CFFCD600FFC3B5C57F963" author="Gillies, M. T. &amp; de Meillon, B." box="[1067,1398,1087,1114]" pageId="4" pageNumber="186" pagination="1 - 343" refId="ref8483" refString="Gillies, M. T. &amp; de Meillon, B. (1968) The Anophelinae of Africa south of the Sahara (Ethiopian Zoogeographical Region). Publications of the South African Institute for Medical Research, 54, 1 - 343." type="journal article" year="1968">Gillies &amp; de Meillon 1968</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
Reference in a new issue View git blame Copy permalink