174 lines
20 KiB
XML
174 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document id="3E33CBF046E13995C9809E92D20C86A9" ID-CLB-Dataset="7890" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4871.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="344f8a86-21a1-428e-ae4f-01ea6082254a" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4423340" ID-ZooBank="C21A719F-9A6B-4227-8386-1AFA22620614" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1610022441531" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Guglielmone, Alberto A., Petney, Trevor N. & Robbins, Richard G." docDate="2020" docId="C04787D4FFF1FFDAFF07FAF96651CC0B" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4871.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4871 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Ixodes diversifossus Neumann 1899" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="25" masterDocId="3C7EFFACFFE9FFC2FF90FFA76543CB47" masterDocTitle="Ixodidae (Acari: Ixodoidea): descriptions and redescriptions of all known species from 1758 to December 31, 2019" masterLastPageNumber="322" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="25" updateTime="1698923194747" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="846876D99AF80C0434E9A09A57CA3010" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="F700582D25FBD02BB55E4F0BB6E34457">
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<mods:title id="67F9C11A7CC91BA39C8F3B6133B35B0E">Ixodidae (Acari: Ixodoidea): descriptions and redescriptions of all known species from 1758 to December 31, 2019</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="A947CD2FAF0935A14D1874C413612402" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="C92A8065F03D04CA6C567E505C0CC037">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="713681741FE082DD86AD64973D22913E">Guglielmone, Alberto A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="E1387393ED3CA20086F32F419352D6BC" type="email">guglielmone.alberto@inta.gob.ar</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:roleTerm id="AB955E00B5698712416CD853C5F7859B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="E0F6911A8E6D9264C1C40DA04F0CE184">Petney, Trevor N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="D8E35B137A16179A7DA5E25782372AC8" type="ORCID">0000-0002-9135-4546</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="4BB777CAE9FEBD916D3EDF582583EC6B" type="email">trevor.petney@smnk.de</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:roleTerm id="64D8CB7C146832CFCFA3990ABB9F0ED0">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="961A75247EE7971306A70ED95AD1C0A4">Robbins, Richard G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="8AD3D03297E907410EA1C942BAF09CC8" type="ORCID">0000-0001-5430-2889</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="CFF4A2FCC8AE64B345E45A433E328F60" type="email">guglielmone.alberto@inta.gob.ar</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="FF4888F96B09E12681770F7A47B352A6">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="1F9EC6C629C9AC0F93CB3E774A4C6DA1">
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<mods:date id="30AA0171AA8585F35831E674658C2CBA">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="D8B60E269FA515E3DE604CB9938C9887">2020-11-05</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="65C91D1B7B23E904C6261372EA0620F2" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="77CBC2379023E0E9399F29F6894CA45E">4871</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="4ADEC0DD3351CA9700EAB01CC783948E" type="issue">
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<mods:start id="725A92C9BB5A8529CBCDCD18F82095C9">1</mods:start>
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<mods:identifier id="B576CBF318AFEF2C6DCD55B5C7F5ADB4" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4871.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="C04787D4FFF1FFDAFF07FAF96651CC0B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4576227" ID-GBIF-Taxon="179989706" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4576227" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C04787D4FFF1FFDAFF07FAF96651CC0B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C04787D4FFF1FFDAFF07FAF96651CC0B" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<subSubSection id="00F46549FFF1FFDAFF07FAF9672CCE3F" box="[151,623,1374,1401]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="485136C2FFF1FFDAFF07FAF9672CCE3F" blockId="24.[151,1436,1374,1869]" box="[151,623,1374,1401]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF1FFDAFF07FAF965F9CE3F" bold="true" box="[151,186,1374,1400]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">69.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFF1FFDAFF57FAF96728CE3F" ID-CoL="3QGCQ" authority="Neumann, 1899" authorityName="Neumann" authorityYear="1899" box="[199,619,1374,1401]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="diversifossus">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF1FFDAFF57FAF964EDCE3E" bold="true" box="[199,430,1374,1401]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Ixodes diversifossus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF1FFDAFE25FAF86728CE3F" author="Neumann, L. G." box="[437,619,1374,1401]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="107 - 294" refId="ref233314" refString="Neumann, L. G. (1899) Revision de la famille des ixodides (3 e memoire). Memoires de la Societe Zoologique de France, 12, 107 - 294." type="journal article" year="1899">Neumann, 1899</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="00F46549FFF1FFDAFDE4FAF9603ACE3F" box="[628,1401,1374,1401]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="485136C2FFF1FFDAFDE4FAF9603ACE3F" blockId="24.[151,1436,1374,1869]" box="[628,1401,1374,1401]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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A Nearctic species known only to parasitize
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFF1FFDAFBF7FAF96198CE3F" authorityName="Bowdich" authorityYear="1821" box="[1127,1243,1374,1400]" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Carnivora</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFF1FFDAFB76FAF96035CE3F" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1825" box="[1254,1398,1374,1400]" class="Mammalia" family="Procyonidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Procyonidae</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="00F46549FFF1FFDAFF07FA256651CC0B" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="description">
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<paragraph id="485136C2FFF1FFDAFF07FA256469CEDB" blockId="24.[151,1436,1374,1869]" box="[151,298,1410,1436]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF1FFDAFF07FA2565F8CEDB" bold="true" box="[151,187,1410,1436]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">M:</emphasis>
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unknown
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="485136C2FFF1FFDAFF07FA016434CE87" blockId="24.[151,1436,1374,1869]" box="[151,375,1446,1473]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF1FFDAFF07FA0165F1CE87" bold="true" box="[151,178,1446,1472]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">F:</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFF1FFDAFF29FA006434CE87" authority="Guglielmone & Petney & Robbins, 2020" authorityName="Guglielmone & Petney & Robbins" authorityYear="2020" box="[185,375,1446,1473]" pageId="24" pageNumber="289" rank="subGenus" status="subgen. nov." subGenus="Neumann">
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF1FFDAFF29FA006434CE87" author="Neumann, L. G." box="[185,375,1446,1473]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="107 - 294" refId="ref233314" refString="Neumann, L. G. (1899) Revision de la famille des ixodides (3 e memoire). Memoires de la Societe Zoologique de France, 12, 107 - 294." type="journal article" year="1899">Neumann (1899)</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="485136C2FFF1FFDAFF07FA6D6467CEA3" blockId="24.[151,1436,1374,1869]" box="[151,292,1482,1508]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF1FFDAFF07FA6D65F6CEA3" bold="true" box="[151,181,1482,1508]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">N:</emphasis>
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unknown
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="485136C2FFF1FFDAFF07FA496461CD4F" blockId="24.[151,1436,1374,1869]" box="[151,290,1518,1544]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF1FFDAFF07FA4965F0CD4F" bold="true" box="[151,179,1518,1544]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">L:</emphasis>
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unknown
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="485136C2FFF1FFDAFF07F9B5640BCD6B" blockId="24.[151,1436,1374,1869]" box="[151,328,1554,1580]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF1FFDAFF07F9B5640BCD6B" bold="true" box="[151,328,1554,1580]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Redescriptions</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="485136C2FFF1FFDAFF07F991606ACD17" blockId="24.[151,1436,1374,1869]" box="[151,1321,1590,1617]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF1FFDAFF07F99165F1CD17" bold="true" box="[151,178,1590,1616]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">F:</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF1FFDAFF29F9916745CD17" author="Nuttall, G. H. F. & Warburton, C." box="[185,518,1590,1616]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="133 - 293" refId="ref234795" refString="Nuttall, G. H. F. & Warburton, C. (1911) Ticks. A monograph of the Ixodoidea. Part II. The Ixodidae. Section II. Genus I. Ixodes Latreille 1795. Cambridge University Press, London, pp. 133 - 293. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 24075" type="book chapter" year="1911">Nuttall and Warburton (1911)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF1FFDAFD82F9916673CD16" author="Cooley, R. A. & Kohls, G. M." box="[530,816,1590,1617]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 246" refId="ref193302" refString="Cooley, R. A. & Kohls, G. M. (1945) The genus Ixodes in North America. National Institute of Health Bulletin, 184, 1 - 246." type="journal article" year="1945">Cooley and Kohls (1945)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF1FFDAFCACF9916134CD17" author="Keirans, J. E. & Clifford, C. M." box="[828,1143,1590,1616]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 149" refId="ref217945" refString="Keirans, J. E. & Clifford, C. M. (1978) The genus Ixodes in the United States: a scanning electron microscope study and key to adults. Journal of Medical Entomology, Supplement 2, 1 - 149. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / jmedent / 15. suppl 2.1" type="journal article" year="1978">Keirans and Clifford (1978)</bibRefCitation>
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; see note below
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="485136C2FFF1FFDAFF07F9FD6651CC0B" blockId="24.[151,1436,1374,1869]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF1FFDAFF07F9FD659BCD33" bold="true" box="[151,216,1626,1652]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Note:</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFF1FFDAFF4FF9FD64FCCD33" authorityName="in Banks" authorityYear="1908" box="[223,447,1626,1652]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="diversifossus">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF1FFDAFF4FF9FD64FCCD33" box="[223,447,1626,1652]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Ixodes diversifossus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is known from two mutilated females, one of which is missing. This species is very similar to
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFF1FFDAFF49F9D964E2CDDF" authorityName="Neumann" authorityYear="1904" box="[217,417,1662,1688]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="boliviensis">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF1FFDAFF49F9D964E2CDDF" box="[217,417,1662,1688]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Ixodes boliviensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, as discussed in
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF1FFDAFDCCF9D966D6CDDF" author="Keirans, J. E. & Clifford, C. M." box="[604,917,1662,1688]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 149" refId="ref217945" refString="Keirans, J. E. & Clifford, C. M. (1978) The genus Ixodes in the United States: a scanning electron microscope study and key to adults. Journal of Medical Entomology, Supplement 2, 1 - 149. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / jmedent / 15. suppl 2.1" type="journal article" year="1978">Keirans and Clifford (1978)</bibRefCitation>
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and
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF1FFDAFC5CF9D961B2CDDF" author="Guglielmone, A. A. & Robbins, R. G. & Apanaskevich, D. A. & Petney, T. N. & Estrada-Pena, A. & Horak, I. G." box="[972,1265,1662,1688]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="311 - 327" refId="ref205297" refString="Guglielmone, A. A., Robbins, R. G., Apanaskevich, D. A., Petney, T. N., Estrada-Pena, A. & Horak, I. G. (2009) Comments on controversial tick (Acari: Ixodida) species names and species described or resurrected from 2003 to 2008. Experimental and Applied Acarology, 48, 311 - 327. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10493 - 009 - 9246 - 2" type="journal article" year="2009">
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Guglielmone
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF1FFDAFBF5F9D861DECDDF" box="[1125,1181,1662,1688]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">et al.</emphasis>
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(2009)
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</bibRefCitation>
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, among others; therefore, a comparison of
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<typeStatus id="97558860FFF1FFDAFE5BF9046745CDFA" box="[459,518,1699,1725]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">types</typeStatus>
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will be required to determine whether
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFF1FFDAFC53F90561CECDFB" authorityName="Neumann" authorityYear="1904" box="[963,1165,1698,1724]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="boliviensis">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF1FFDAFC53F90561CECDFB" box="[963,1165,1698,1724]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Ixodes boliviensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is a synonym of
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFF1FFDAFAC3F905646BCDA7" authorityName="in Banks" authorityYear="1908" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="diversifossus">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF1FFDAFAC3F905646BCDA7" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Ixodes diversifossus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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or a valid species. According to
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF1FFDAFD0DF9616698CDA7" author="Keirans, J. E. & Clifford, C. M." box="[669,987,1734,1760]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 149" refId="ref217945" refString="Keirans, J. E. & Clifford, C. M. (1978) The genus Ixodes in the United States: a scanning electron microscope study and key to adults. Journal of Medical Entomology, Supplement 2, 1 - 149. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / jmedent / 15. suppl 2.1" type="journal article" year="1978">Keirans and Clifford (1978)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFF1FFDAFC78F96161F7CDA7" authorityName="Hadwen and Nuttall, 1916 in Nuttall" authorityYear="1916" box="[1000,1204,1734,1760]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinipalpis">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF1FFDAFC78F96161F7CDA7" box="[1000,1204,1734,1760]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Ixodes spinipalpis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFF1FFDAFB7CF96160DFCDA7" authorityName="Marx" authorityYear="1899" box="[1260,1436,1734,1760]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dentatus">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF1FFDAFB7CF96160DFCDA7" box="[1260,1436,1734,1760]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Ixodes dentatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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have frequently been confused with
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF1FFDAFDBCF94D6650CC43" box="[556,787,1770,1796]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFF1FFDAFDBCF94D664CCC43" authorityName="in Banks" authorityYear="1908" box="[556,783,1770,1796]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="diversifossus">Ixodes diversifossus</taxonomicName>
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.
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</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF1FFDAFC89F94D6120CC43" author="Nuttall, G. H. F. & Warburton, C." box="[793,1123,1770,1796]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="133 - 293" refId="ref234795" refString="Nuttall, G. H. F. & Warburton, C. (1911) Ticks. A monograph of the Ixodoidea. Part II. The Ixodidae. Section II. Genus I. Ixodes Latreille 1795. Cambridge University Press, London, pp. 133 - 293. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 24075" type="book chapter" year="1911">Nuttall and Warburton (1911)</bibRefCitation>
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state that the figures of
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFF1FFDAFAFFF94C674ECC6F" authority="in Banks (1908)" authorityName="in Banks" authorityYear="1908" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="diversifossus">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF1FFDAFAFFF94C6417CC6F" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Ixodes diversifossus</emphasis>
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in
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF1FFDAFEE6F8A9674ECC6F" author="Banks, N." box="[374,525,1806,1832]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" refId="ref185264" refString="Banks, N. (1908) A revision of the Ixodoidea, or ticks of the United States. United States Department of Agriculture, Bureau of Entomology, Technical Series 15. United States Department of Agriculture, Bureau of Entomology, Washington, D. C., 61 pp." type="book" year="1908">Banks (1908)</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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are unreliable.
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<collectingRegion id="8A2AF820FFF1FFDAFD2AF8A967A1CC6F" box="[698,738,1806,1832]" country="South Sudan" name="Lakes" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">See</collectingRegion>
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also
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFF1FFDAFC8CF8A966A0CC6F" authorityName="Neumann" authorityYear="1904" box="[796,995,1806,1832]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="boliviensis">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF1FFDAFC8CF8A966A0CC6F" box="[796,995,1806,1832]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Ixodes boliviensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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for additional taxonomic problems that may have a bearing on the status of
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF1FFDAFDBAF8956651CC0B" box="[554,786,1842,1868]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFF1FFDAFDBAF895664DCC0B" authorityName="in Banks" authorityYear="1908" box="[554,782,1842,1868]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="diversifossus">Ixodes diversifossus</taxonomicName>
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.
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |