294 lines
37 KiB
XML
294 lines
37 KiB
XML
<document id="E206277F7BFD0F8C445298914D5A068D" ID-CLB-Dataset="7890" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4871.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="344f8a86-21a1-428e-ae4f-01ea6082254a" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4423340" ID-ZooBank="C21A719F-9A6B-4227-8386-1AFA22620614" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1610022441531" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Guglielmone, Alberto A., Petney, Trevor N. & Robbins, Richard G." docDate="2020" docId="C04787D4FFD7FFFDFF07F9B56735CA97" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4871.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4871 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Ixodes scapularis Say 1821" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="64" masterDocId="3C7EFFACFFE9FFC2FF90FFA76543CB47" masterDocTitle="Ixodidae (Acari: Ixodoidea): descriptions and redescriptions of all known species from 1758 to December 31, 2019" masterLastPageNumber="322" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="63" updateTime="1698923194747" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="9747379908618CA2B03630BEE275421B">
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<mods:title id="658AFA90474E34C8505C580E9B254933">Ixodidae (Acari: Ixodoidea): descriptions and redescriptions of all known species from 1758 to December 31, 2019</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="4784CE3B28C2095734DD7DEDEF3A2F95">Guglielmone, Alberto A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="CC48AF5E105CBF73A18E61FDDFCD0C9B" type="email">guglielmone.alberto@inta.gob.ar</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="430C1A5207C934EAABF2B34C97CAE1CF">Petney, Trevor N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="DB397DBBEF80480B40B712801117D585" type="email">trevor.petney@smnk.de</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="443C935C1082B3BF907B862FBAF133DD">Robbins, Richard G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="8B5495A69837D8B8F3A0D5A84A5EF945" type="email">guglielmone.alberto@inta.gob.ar</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="941528B8F8F7912C863BCA070DB740CD">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="DC413ECC7048A9E28FA5E218E4600DD7">
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<mods:date id="C0D79C3F3A9EE514DA258D17FD321499">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="4650B219B3B657B76757AA392826E977">2020-11-05</mods:number>
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<treatment id="C04787D4FFD7FFFDFF07F9B56735CA97" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4582845" ID-GBIF-Taxon="179989843" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4582845" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C04787D4FFD7FFFDFF07F9B56735CA97" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C04787D4FFD7FFFDFF07F9B56735CA97" lastPageId="63" lastPageNumber="64" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
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<subSubSection id="00F46549FFD7FFFCFF07F9B56701CD6A" box="[151,578,1554,1581]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="485136C2FFD7FFFCFF07F9B56701CD6A" blockId="62.[151,1437,1554,2013]" box="[151,578,1554,1581]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFD7FFFCFF07F9B5658BCD6B" bold="true" box="[151,200,1554,1580]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">202.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFD7FFFCFF67F9B5677ECD6A" ID-CoL="3QGM5" authority="Say, 1821" authorityName="Say" authorityYear="1821" box="[247,573,1554,1581]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scapularis">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFD7FFFCFF67F9B56481CD6A" bold="true" box="[247,450,1554,1581]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Ixodes scapularis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFD7FFFCFE5BF9B4677ECD6A" author="Say, T." box="[459,573,1555,1581]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" pagination="59 - 82" refId="ref244101" refString="Say, T. (1821) An account of the arachnides of the United States. Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 2, 59 - 82." type="journal article" year="1821">Say, 1821</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="00F46549FFD7FFFCFDD8F9B46172CC0A" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="485136C2FFD7FFFCFDD8F9B46172CC0A" blockId="62.[151,1437,1554,2013]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
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A Nearctic species with a few records from the Neotropical
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<collectingRegion id="8A2AF820FFD7FFFCFB67F9B46008CD6A" box="[1271,1355,1555,1581]" country="Iraq" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Region</collectingRegion>
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, where its presence is considered provisionally valid. All parasitic stages of
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFD7FFFCFC0CF9906122CD16" authorityName="Say" authorityYear="1821" box="[924,1121,1591,1617]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scapularis">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFD7FFFCFC0CF9906122CD16" box="[924,1121,1591,1617]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Ixodes scapularis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are usually found on
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFD7FFFCFAC8F9906596CD32" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="class">Mammalia</taxonomicName>
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(several orders), but they have also been rarely collected from
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFD7FFFCFC23F9FC612ACD32" authorityName="Vieillot" authorityYear="1816" box="[947,1129,1627,1653]" class="Aves" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Accipitriformes</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFD7FFFCFBE4F9FC6042CD32" box="[1140,1281,1627,1653]" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Accipitridae</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFD7FFFCFA9FF9FC60DACD32" box="[1295,1433,1627,1653]" class="Aves" kingdom="Animalia" order="Galliformes" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Galliformes</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFD7FFFCFF07F9D86463CDDE" box="[151,288,1663,1689]" class="Aves" family="Phasianidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Galliformes" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Phasianidae</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFD7FFFCFECEF9D86743CDDE" box="[350,512,1663,1689]" class="Aves" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Passeriformes</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFD7FFFCFD9CF9D86730CDDE" box="[524,627,1663,1689]" class="Aves" family="Corvidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Corvidae</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFD7FFFCFD3EF9D86658CDDE" box="[686,795,1663,1689]" class="Aves" family="Parulidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Parulidae</taxonomicName>
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; larvae and nymphs are commonly recovered from
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFD7FFFCFAFCF9D8644ECDFA" class="Aves" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Passeriformes</taxonomicName>
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(several families), and
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFD7FFFCFD8EF90467D2CDFA" box="[542,657,1699,1725]" class="Reptilia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Squamata</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFD7FFFCFD0BF904664DCDFA" box="[667,782,1699,1725]" class="Reptilia" family="Agamidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Agamidae</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFD7FFFCFCD9F90466FACDFA" box="[841,953,1699,1725]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Scincidae</taxonomicName>
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, but these stages have also been found on
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFD7FFFCFF07F9606410CDA6" box="[151,339,1735,1761]" class="Aves" kingdom="Animalia" order="Charadriiformes" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Charadriiformes</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFD7FFFCFEF1F96064BACDA6" box="[353,505,1735,1761]" class="Aves" family="Scolopacidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Charadriiformes" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Scolopacidae</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFD7FFFCFD98F96067EDCDA6" box="[520,686,1735,1761]" class="Aves" kingdom="Animalia" order="Falconiformes" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Falconiformes</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFD7FFFCFD2DF9606678CDA6" box="[701,827,1735,1761]" class="Aves" family="Falconidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Falconiformes" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Falconidae</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFD7FFFCFCECF9606145CDA6" box="[892,1030,1735,1761]" class="Aves" kingdom="Animalia" order="Galliformes" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Galliformes</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFD7FFFCFB85F960618CCDA6" authorityName="Gould" authorityYear="1844" box="[1045,1231,1735,1761]" class="Aves" family="Odontophoridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Galliformes" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Odontophoridae</taxonomicName>
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; adult ticks alone have been taken from
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFD7FFFCFE01F94C64BCCC42" box="[401,511,1771,1797]" class="Reptilia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Squamata</taxonomicName>
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(unknown family); nymphs alone have been found on
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFD7FFFCFBFAF94C6053CC42" box="[1130,1296,1771,1797]" class="Aves" kingdom="Animalia" order="Falconiformes" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Falconiformes</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFD7FFFCFA8AF94C60DBCC42" box="[1306,1432,1771,1797]" class="Aves" family="Falconidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Falconiformes" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Falconidae</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFD7FFFCFF07F8A8645ECC6E" box="[151,285,1807,1833]" class="Aves" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gruiformes" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Gruiformes</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFD7FFFCFEB7F8A864C7CC6E" authorityName="Vigors" authorityYear="1825" box="[295,388,1807,1833]" class="Aves" family="Gruidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gruiformes" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Gruidae</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFD7FFFCFE2FF8A86778CC6E" box="[447,571,1807,1833]" class="Reptilia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Testudines</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFD7FFFCFDD5F8A867F4CC6E" box="[581,695,1807,1833]" class="Reptilia" family="Emydidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Emydidae</taxonomicName>
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(Guglielmone
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFD7FFFCFCF1F8A866DACC6E" box="[865,921,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">et al.</emphasis>
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2014,
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFD7FFFCFC76F8A8607FCC6E" author="Guglielmone, A. A. & Robbins, R. G." box="[998,1340,1807,1833]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" refId="ref204760" refString="Guglielmone, A. A. & Robbins, R. G. (2018) Hard ticks (Acari: Ixodida: Ixodidae) parasitizing humans. A global overview. Springer, Cham, 314 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 319 - 95552 - 0" type="book" year="2018">Guglielmone & Robbins 2018</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFD7FFFCFAD7F8A865B5CC0A" author="Scott, J. D. & Clark, K. L. & Foley, J. E. & Anderson, J. F. & Bierman, B. C. & Durden, L. A." pageId="62" pageNumber="63" pagination="1 - 26" refId="ref245432" refString="Scott, J. D., Clark, K. L., Foley, J. E., Anderson, J. F., Bierman, B. C. & Durden, L. A. (2018) Extensive distribution of the Lyme disease bacterium, Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, in multiple tick species parasitizing avian and mammalian hosts across Canada. Healthcare, 6 (3, article 131, 1 - 26. https: // doi. org / 10.3390 / healthcare 6040131" type="journal article" year="2018">
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Scott
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFD7FFFCFA18F8A865F7CC0A" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">et al.</emphasis>
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2018
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</bibRefCitation>
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, Lee
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFD7FFFCFEA2F8946429CC0A" box="[306,362,1843,1869]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">et al.</emphasis>
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2019).
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFD7FFFCFE50F89467C6CC0A" authorityName="Say" authorityYear="1821" box="[448,645,1843,1869]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scapularis">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFD7FFFCFE50F89467C6CC0A" box="[448,645,1843,1869]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Ixodes scapularis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is a very frequent parasite of humans.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="00F46549FFD7FFFDFF07F8F06735CA97" lastPageId="63" lastPageNumber="64" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" type="description">
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<paragraph id="485136C2FFD7FFFCFF07F8F0641ACC36" blockId="62.[151,1437,1554,2013]" box="[151,345,1879,1905]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFD7FFFCFF07F8F065F8CC36" bold="true" box="[151,187,1879,1905]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">M:</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFD7FFFCFF52F8F0641ACC36" author="Banks, N." box="[194,345,1879,1905]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" refId="ref185264" refString="Banks, N. (1908) A revision of the Ixodoidea, or ticks of the United States. United States Department of Agriculture, Bureau of Entomology, Technical Series 15. United States Department of Agriculture, Bureau of Entomology, Washington, D. C., 61 pp." type="book" year="1908">Banks (1908)</bibRefCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFD7FFFCFF07F8DC65F1CCD2" bold="true" box="[151,178,1915,1941]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">F:</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFD7FFFCFF07F83865F6CCFE" bold="true" box="[151,181,1951,1977]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">N:</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFD7FFFCFF07F86465F0CC9A" bold="true" box="[151,179,1987,2013]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">L:</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFD6FFFDFE9AFE106401CA97" box="[266,322,438,464]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">et al.</emphasis>
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(2016)
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</bibRefCitation>
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,
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|
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFD6FFFDFE31FE116735CA97" author="Dubie, T. R. & Grantham, R. & Coburn, L. & Nodenm B. H." box="[417,630,438,464]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="1 - 14" refId="ref196140" refString="Dubie, T. R., Grantham, R., Coburn, L. & Nodenm B. H. (2017) Pictorial key for identification of immature stages of common ixodid ticks found on pastures in Oklahoma. Southwestern Entomologist, 42, 1 - 14. https: // doi. org / 10.3958 / 059.042.0101" type="journal article" year="2017">
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|
Dubie
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|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFD6FFFDFE7DFE106766CA97" box="[493,549,438,464]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">et al.</emphasis>
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(2017)
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</bibRefCitation>
|
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</paragraph>
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|
</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |