483 lines
67 KiB
XML
483 lines
67 KiB
XML
<document id="47F6448FA41BF17EB5CF767A7B7C51D9" ID-CLB-Dataset="7890" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4871.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="344f8a86-21a1-428e-ae4f-01ea6082254a" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4423340" ID-ZooBank="C21A719F-9A6B-4227-8386-1AFA22620614" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1610022441531" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Guglielmone, Alberto A., Petney, Trevor N. & Robbins, Richard G." docDate="2020" docId="C04787D4FFD2FFFEFF07F9776011CFAF" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4871.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4871 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Ixodes ricinus" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="61" masterDocId="3C7EFFACFFE9FFC2FF90FFA76543CB47" masterDocTitle="Ixodidae (Acari: Ixodoidea): descriptions and redescriptions of all known species from 1758 to December 31, 2019" masterLastPageNumber="322" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="60" updateTime="1698923194747" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="B669BB9216172D16759C402FCE78714C" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="5135744CBC3296E031E00C685730F074">
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<mods:title id="8CBAF85EBA41D09CD0F96BED4C1EA503">Ixodidae (Acari: Ixodoidea): descriptions and redescriptions of all known species from 1758 to December 31, 2019</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="6580E420294EDC6B11BCBD5F082C9AFB" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="14E26CED33BB592DF1F2AD0F26F31BEE">Guglielmone, Alberto A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="500994EFD6E2F4DF92028658D33A60AB" type="email">guglielmone.alberto@inta.gob.ar</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:roleTerm id="656DC2101998A540E5DE51DEB2C4C01B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="73FD6B3EF24280BDEE80DCC010EA3BC1">Petney, Trevor N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="02E694324BE7F993379DEE679D66DF75" type="email">trevor.petney@smnk.de</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="36411FBAEDEB1B21E56D77D13EF5BB86">Robbins, Richard G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="8B611A65ABBB928098C63B9BAFABE5B9" type="ORCID">0000-0001-5430-2889</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="E59C25CDC437862A6B855523B40B14F7" type="email">guglielmone.alberto@inta.gob.ar</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="3A4AA2889D7BF43526190005CF79236B">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="227F0AA915F2C64B1B246A9BE7B798DE">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="0DB374A03D16B4FCF92BE194D21AEA13">
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<mods:date id="20B6E5D0F271A65B2DB9ECD4D56CC4E2">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="17AE8914EE8493068D46FEBD1E7B2CDD">2020-11-05</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="868058C0ADADE9A09AEEF4853EFCC31A" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="4C90F50E7902176210E8BE0D2E3EA04C">4871</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="77B14C40609C017933115AED05AB85EB" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4871.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="C04787D4FFD2FFFEFF07F9776011CFAF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4582829" ID-GBIF-Taxon="179989853" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4582829" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C04787D4FFD2FFFEFF07F9776011CFAF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C04787D4FFD2FFFEFF07F9776011CFAF" lastPageId="60" lastPageNumber="61" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
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<subSubSection id="00F46549FFD2FFF9FF07F9776725CDAC" box="[151,614,1744,1771]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="485136C2FFD2FFF9FF07F9776725CDAC" blockId="59.[151,1436,1744,2025]" box="[151,614,1744,1771]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFD2FFF9FF07F977658BCDAD" bold="true" box="[151,200,1744,1770]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">194.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFD2FFF9FF67F9776721CDAC" ID-CoL="3QGLK" authority="(Linnaeus, 1758)" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[247,610,1744,1771]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ricinus">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFD2FFF9FF67F97764D9CDAD" bold="true" box="[247,410,1744,1771]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Ixodes ricinus</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFD2FFF9FE38F977671ACDAC" author="Linnaeus, C." box="[424,601,1744,1771]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refId="ref226375" refString="Linnaeus, C. (1758) Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Vol. 1. Editio decima, reformata. Impensis Direct. Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae, 823 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 542" type="book" year="1758">Linnaeus, 1758</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="00F46549FFD2FFF9FDFAF97667D2CC10" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="485136C2FFD2FFF9FDFAF97667D2CC10" blockId="59.[151,1436,1744,2025]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
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A Palearctic species, all of whose parasitic stages are found on
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFD2FFF9FAB3F97760DFCDAD" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[1315,1436,1744,1770]" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="class">Mammalia</taxonomicName>
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(several orders); larvae and nymphs are also commonly recovered from
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFD2FFF9FC2DF9526119CC48" box="[957,1114,1781,1807]" class="Aves" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Passeriformes</taxonomicName>
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(several families) and
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFD2FFF9FACBF9526591CC73" class="Reptilia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Squamata</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFD2FFF9FF4BF8BE6416CC74" box="[219,341,1817,1843]" class="Reptilia" family="Lacertidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Lacertidae</taxonomicName>
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; larvae have been collected from
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFD2FFF9FD54F8BE6674CC74" box="[708,823,1817,1843]" class="Reptilia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Squamata</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFD2FFF9FCD0F8BE6009CC74" authority="(Mendoza-Roldan & Colella 2019)" baseAuthorityName="Mendoza-Roldan & Colella" baseAuthorityYear="2019" box="[832,1354,1817,1843]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Colubridae (Mendoza-Roldán & Colella 2019)</taxonomicName>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFD2FFF9FAC3F8BE65A6CC10" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ricinus">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFD2FFF9FAC3F8BE65A6CC10" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Ixodes ricinus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is a very frequent parasite of humans.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="00F46549FFD2FFFEFF07F8C56011CFAF" lastPageId="60" lastPageNumber="61" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="description">
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<paragraph id="485136C2FFD2FFF9FF07F8C56050CC3B" blockId="59.[151,1436,1744,2025]" box="[151,1299,1890,1916]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFD2FFF9FF07F8C565F8CC3B" bold="true" box="[151,187,1890,1916]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">M:</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFD2FFF9FF52F8C56437CC3B" author="De Geer, C." box="[194,372,1890,1916]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refId="ref194211" refString="De Geer, C. (1778) Memoire pour servir a l'histoire des insects. Vol. 7. P. Hesselberg, Stockholm, 950 pp." type="book" year="1778">De Geer (1778)</bibRefCitation>
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, under the name
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFD2FFF9FDA3F8C567AACC3B" box="[563,745,1890,1916]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Acarus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reduvius">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFD2FFF9FDA3F8C567AACC3B" box="[563,745,1890,1916]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Acarus reduvius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, a synonym of
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFD2FFF9FC06F8C56177CC3C" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[918,1076,1890,1916]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ricinus">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFD2FFF9FC06F8C56177CC3C" box="[918,1076,1890,1916]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Ixodes ricinus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, but see note below
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="485136C2FFD2FFF9FF07F821619DCCE7" blockId="59.[151,1436,1744,2025]" box="[151,1246,1926,1953]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFD2FFF9FF07F82165F1CCE7" bold="true" box="[151,178,1926,1952]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">F:</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFD2FFF9FF29F8216430CCE6" author="Linnaeus, C." box="[185,371,1926,1953]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refId="ref226375" refString="Linnaeus, C. (1758) Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Vol. 1. Editio decima, reformata. Impensis Direct. Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae, 823 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 542" type="book" year="1758">Linnaeus (1758)</bibRefCitation>
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, under the name
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFD2FFF9FDA2F8216794CCE7" box="[562,727,1926,1952]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Acarus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ricinus">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFD2FFF9FDA2F8216794CCE7" box="[562,727,1926,1952]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Acarus ricinus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and given its current status in
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFD2FFF9FBBEF821619DCCE7" author="Latreille, P. A." box="[1070,1246,1926,1952]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refId="ref225365" refString="Latreille, P. A. (1804) Histoire naturelle, generale et particuliere des crustaces et des insectes. Tome VIII. F. Dufart, Paris, 411 pp." type="book" year="1804">Latreille (1804)</bibRefCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="485136C2FFD2FFF9FF07F80D6043CC83" blockId="59.[151,1436,1744,2025]" box="[151,1280,1962,1989]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFD2FFF9FF07F80D65F6CC83" bold="true" box="[151,181,1962,1988]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">N:</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFD2FFF9FF2CF80D6424CC83" author="Megnin, P." box="[188,359,1962,1988]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refId="ref230027" refString="Megnin, P. (1880) Les par asites et les malad ies parasitaires chez l'homme, les animaux domestiques et les animaux sauvages. G. Masson, Editeur, Libraire de l'Academie de Medecine, Paris, 478 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 95258" type="book" year="1880">Mégnin (1880)</bibRefCitation>
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, under the name
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFD2FFF9FDB6F80D6796CC83" box="[550,725,1962,1988]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reduvius">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFD2FFF9FDB6F80D6796CC83" box="[550,725,1962,1988]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Ixodes reduvius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, a synonym of
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFD2FFF9FC13F80D6162CC83" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[899,1057,1962,1988]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ricinus">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFD2FFF9FC13F80D6162CC83" box="[899,1057,1962,1988]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Ixodes ricinus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, but see note below
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="485136C2FFD2FFFEFF07F868640BCBF7" blockId="59.[151,1436,1744,2025]" lastBlockId="60.[151,1437,150,1256]" lastPageId="60" lastPageNumber="61" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFD2FFF9FF07F86865F0CCAE" bold="true" box="[151,179,1999,2025]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">L:</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFD2FFF9FF2AF8696426CCAE" author="Megnin, P." box="[186,357,1998,2025]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refId="ref230027" refString="Megnin, P. (1880) Les par asites et les malad ies parasitaires chez l'homme, les animaux domestiques et les animaux sauvages. G. Masson, Editeur, Libraire de l'Academie de Medecine, Paris, 478 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 95258" type="book" year="1880">Mégnin (1880)</bibRefCitation>
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, under the name
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFD2FFF9FDB5F8696797CCAF" box="[549,724,1998,2024]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reduvius">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFD2FFF9FDB5F8696797CCAF" box="[549,724,1998,2024]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Ixodes reduvius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, a synonym of
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFD2FFF9FC11F869615CCCAF" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[897,1055,1998,2024]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ricinus">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFD2FFF9FC11F869615CCCAF" box="[897,1055,1998,2024]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Ixodes ricinus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, but see note below
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFD5FFFEFF07FF31640BCBF7" bold="true" box="[151,328,150,176]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Redescriptions</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="485136C2FFD5FFFEFF07FF1D6746CA07" blockId="60.[151,1437,150,1256]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFD5FFFEFF07FF1D65F8CB93" bold="true" box="[151,187,186,212]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">M:</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFD5FFFEFF55FF1D642DCB92" author="Wheler, E. G." box="[197,366,186,213]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="400 - 429" refId="ref255433" refString="Wheler, E. G. (1906) British ticks. Journal of Agricultural Science, 1, 400 - 429. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0021859600000447" type="journal article" year="1906">Wheler (1906)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="485136C2FFD5FFFEFF07FCB96011CFAF" blockId="60.[151,1437,150,1256]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFD5FFFEFF07FCB9659BC87F" bold="true" box="[151,216,798,824]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Note:</emphasis>
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the redescriptions above include morphological variations that raise the question of whether all the workers listed were redescribing the same species; for instance,
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFD5FFFEFC90FCE56166C81A" author="Senevet, G. & Ripert, C." box="[768,1061,834,861]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="73 - 93" refId="ref245865" refString="Senevet, G. & Ripert, C. (1964) A propos de quelques larves d'ixodines de l'Afrique du Nord. Archives de l'Institut Pasteur d'Algerie, 42, 73 - 93." type="journal article" year="1964">Sénevet and Ripert (1964)</bibRefCitation>
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state that larvae of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFD5FFFEFB6FFCE560DFC81B" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[1279,1436,834,860]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ricinus">
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFD5FFFEFB6FFCE560DFC81B" box="[1279,1436,834,860]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Ixodes ricinus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
from
|
|
<collectingCountry id="30F97652FFD5FFFEFF45FCC1646AC8C7" box="[213,297,870,896]" name="Algeria" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Algeria</collectingCountry>
|
|
have reduced dentition in relation to typical specimens. Several populations of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFD5FFFEFB2DFCC1601EC8C7" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[1213,1373,870,896]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ricinus">
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFD5FFFEFB2DFCC1601EC8C7" box="[1213,1373,870,896]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Ixodes ricinus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
were recently described as a new species,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFD5FFFEFDA0FC2D67B5C8E3" authorityName="Estrada-Pena, Nava and Petney" authorityYear="2014" box="[560,758,906,932]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inopinatus">
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFD5FFFEFDA0FC2D67B5C8E3" box="[560,758,906,932]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Ixodes inopinatus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, and names such as
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFD5FFFEFC4AFC2D6127C8E3" authorityName="C.L.Koch" authorityYear="1844" box="[986,1124,906,932]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufus">
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFD5FFFEFC4AFC2D6127C8E3" box="[986,1124,906,932]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Ixodes rufus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFD5FFFEFBE1FC2D605EC8E3" authorityName="C.L.Koch" authorityYear="1844" box="[1137,1309,906,932]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sulcatus">
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFD5FFFEFBE1FC2D605EC8E3" box="[1137,1309,906,932]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Ixodes sulcatus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFD5FFFEFAC3FC2D6594C88F" authorityName="C.L.Koch" authorityYear="1844" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sciuri">
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFD5FFFEFAC3FC2D6594C88F" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Ixodes sciuri</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, considered synonyms of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFD5FFFEFD92FC0967E2C88F" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[514,673,942,968]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ricinus">
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFD5FFFEFD92FC0967E2C88F" box="[514,673,942,968]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Ixodes ricinus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
in the past, are now treated as
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFD5FFFEFB96FC0861E1C88F" box="[1030,1186,942,968]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">nomina dubia</emphasis>
|
|
in
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFD5FFFEFB58FC0965A7C8AA" author="Guglielmone, A. A. & Sanchez, M. E. & Franco, L. G. & Nava, S. & Rueda, L. M. & Robbins, R. G." pageId="60" pageNumber="61" refId="ref205724" refString="Guglielmone, A. A., Sanchez, M. E., Franco, L. G., Nava, S., Rueda, L. M. & Robbins, R. G. (2015, continuously updated) Hard ticks (Acari: Ixodida: Ixodidae): a non-profit open-access web portal for original descriptions of tick species (valid and invalid), dubious and uncertain names, and selected nomina nuda. Available from: http: // rafaela. inta. gob. ar / nombresgarrapatas / (accession 1 November 2019)" type="url" year="2015">
|
|
Guglielmone
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFD5FFFEFAF3FC0860DEC88F" box="[1379,1437,942,968]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
(2015)
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
, following
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFD5FFFEFEF6FC7567D3C8AB" author="Estrada-Pena, A. & Nava, S. & Petney, T. N." box="[358,656,978,1004]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="734 - 743" refId="ref199120" refString="Estrada-Pena, A., Nava, S. & Petney, T. N. (2014) Description of all stages of Ixodes inopinatus n. sp. (Acari: Ixodidae). Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases, 5, 734 - 743. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ttbdis. 2014.05.003" type="journal article" year="2014">
|
|
Estrada-Peña
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFD5FFFEFD92FC746778C8AB" box="[514,571,978,1004]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
(2014)
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
, because it is uncertain whether they are synonyms of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFD5FFFEFB6DFC7560DFC8AB" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[1277,1436,978,1004]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ricinus">
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFD5FFFEFB6DFC7560DFC8AB" box="[1277,1436,978,1004]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Ixodes ricinus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
or
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFD5FFFEFF28FC5164C3CF57" authorityName="Estrada-Pena, Nava and Petney" authorityYear="2014" box="[184,384,1014,1040]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inopinatus">
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFD5FFFEFF28FC5164C3CF57" box="[184,384,1014,1040]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Ixodes inopinatus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
. Some redescriptions under the name
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFD5FFFEFCA9FC51669ACF57" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[825,985,1014,1040]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ricinus">
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFD5FFFEFCA9FC51669ACF57" box="[825,985,1014,1040]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Ixodes ricinus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
may actually represent cryptic species; therefore, descriptions other than that of the female, and some of the redescriptions above, should be considered cautiously. This is especially relevant for the original descriptions because
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFD5FFFEFC4FFB99613DCF1F" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[991,1150,1086,1112]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ricinus">
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFD5FFFEFC4FFB99613DCF1F" box="[991,1150,1086,1112]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Ixodes ricinus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
has many synonyms (see the list in
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFD5FFFEFE95FBC5671ACF3B" author="Guglielmone, A. A. & Nava, S." box="[261,601,1122,1149]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 256" refId="ref204627" refString="Guglielmone, A. A. & Nava, S. (2014) Names for Ixodidae (Acari: Ixodoidea): valid, synonyms, incertae sedis, nomina dubia, nomina nuda, lapsus, incorrect and suppressed names - with notes on confusions and misidentifications. Zootaxa, 3767 (1), 1 - 256. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3767.1.1" type="journal article" year="2014">Guglielmone and Nava (2014)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
and
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFD5FFFEFD1FFBC566FECF3A" author="Guglielmone, A. A. & Sanchez, M. E. & Franco, L. G. & Nava, S. & Rueda, L. M. & Robbins, R. G." box="[655,957,1122,1149]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" refId="ref205724" refString="Guglielmone, A. A., Sanchez, M. E., Franco, L. G., Nava, S., Rueda, L. M. & Robbins, R. G. (2015, continuously updated) Hard ticks (Acari: Ixodida: Ixodidae): a non-profit open-access web portal for original descriptions of tick species (valid and invalid), dubious and uncertain names, and selected nomina nuda. Available from: http: // rafaela. inta. gob. ar / nombresgarrapatas / (accession 1 November 2019)" type="url" year="2015">
|
|
Guglielmone
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFD5FFFEFCB8FBC4661CCF3B" box="[808,863,1122,1148]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
(2015))
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
, and it is quite possible that descriptions of the male and immature stages of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFD5FFFEFD80FB2167ECCFE7" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[528,687,1158,1184]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ricinus">
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFD5FFFEFD80FB2167ECCFE7" box="[528,687,1158,1184]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Ixodes ricinus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
were published before
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFD5FFFEFC29FB206128CFE7" author="De Geer, C." box="[953,1131,1158,1185]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" refId="ref194211" refString="De Geer, C. (1778) Memoire pour servir a l'histoire des insects. Vol. 7. P. Hesselberg, Stockholm, 950 pp." type="book" year="1778">De Geer (1778)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
or
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFD5FFFEFB03FB21607CCFE7" author="Megnin, P." box="[1171,1343,1158,1184]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" refId="ref230027" refString="Megnin, P. (1880) Les par asites et les malad ies parasitaires chez l'homme, les animaux domestiques et les animaux sauvages. G. Masson, Editeur, Libraire de l'Academie de Medecine, Paris, 478 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 95258" type="book" year="1880">Mégnin (1880)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
, respectively. There are also several redescriptions of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFD5FFFEFD0FFB0D667ECF83" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[671,829,1194,1220]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ricinus">
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFD5FFFEFD0FFB0D667ECF83" box="[671,829,1194,1220]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Ixodes ricinus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
under the name
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFD5FFFEFC67FB0D61E5CF83" box="[1015,1190,1194,1220]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reduvius">
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFD5FFFEFC67FB0D61E5CF83" box="[1015,1190,1194,1220]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Ixodes reduvius</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, but none of these are included in the above lists. See
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFD5FFFEFE69FB6967F2CFAF" authorityName="Dzhaparidze" authorityYear="1950" box="[505,689,1230,1256]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eldaricus">
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFD5FFFEFE69FB6967F2CFAF" box="[505,689,1230,1256]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Ixodes eldaricus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFD5FFFEFD78FB6966D5CFAF" baseAuthorityName="Panzer" baseAuthorityYear="1798" box="[744,918,1230,1256]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="frontalis">
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFD5FFFEFD78FB6966D5CFAF" box="[744,918,1230,1256]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Ixodes frontalis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
for their confusion with
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFD5FFFEFB3DFB696011CFAF" box="[1197,1362,1230,1256]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFD5FFFEFB3DFB69600DCFAF" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[1197,1358,1230,1256]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ricinus">Ixodes ricinus</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |