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<mods:title id="3A1791913FBEA615371E374F9849007F">Ixodidae (Acari: Ixodoidea): descriptions and redescriptions of all known species from 1758 to December 31, 2019</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="3917507103F6E5C18756C7DEC663829B">Guglielmone, Alberto A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="86C1D95B96EC01932047EFF205CA3C1A">Petney, Trevor N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="31584A250A53CD07DD14B3CD9633852A">Robbins, Richard G.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="C04787D4FF19FF33FF07F9B56191CB93" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4582497" ID-GBIF-Taxon="179990386" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4582497" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C04787D4FF19FF33FF07F9B56191CB93" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C04787D4FF19FF33FF07F9B56191CB93" lastPageId="241" lastPageNumber="241" pageId="240" pageNumber="241">
<subSubSection id="00F46549FF19FF32FF07F9B567D6CD6A" box="[151,661,1554,1581]" pageId="240" pageNumber="241" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="485136C2FF19FF32FF07F9B567D6CD6A" blockId="240.[151,1437,1554,2013]" box="[151,661,1554,1581]" pageId="240" pageNumber="241">
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF19FF32FF07F9B565F9CD6B" bold="true" box="[151,186,1554,1580]" pageId="240" pageNumber="241">84.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF19FF32FF57F9B567D2CD6A" ID-CoL="6WTHM" authority="Neumann, 1904" authorityName="Neumann" authorityYear="1904" box="[199,657,1554,1581]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Rhipicephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="240" pageNumber="241" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ziemanni">
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF19FF32FF57F9B5649ACD6A" bold="true" box="[199,473,1554,1581]" italics="true" pageId="240" pageNumber="241">Rhipicephalus ziemanni</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF19FF32FE4FF9B467D2CD6A" author="Neumann, L. G." box="[479,657,1555,1581]" pageId="240" pageNumber="241" pagination="444 - 464" refId="ref233408" refString="Neumann, L. G. (1904) Notes sur les ixodides. II. Archives de Parasitologie, 8, 444 - 464." type="journal article" year="1904">Neumann, 1904</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="00F46549FF19FF32FD0AF9B460C2CD32" pageId="240" pageNumber="241" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="485136C2FF19FF32FD0AF9B460C2CD32" blockId="240.[151,1437,1554,2013]" pageId="240" pageNumber="241">
An Afrotropical species whose adults are usually found on
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF19FF32FA8EF9B465EDCD16" authorityName="Owen" authorityYear="1848" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="240" pageNumber="241" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Artiodactyla</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF19FF32FF28F9906455CD16" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1821" box="[184,278,1591,1617]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="240" pageNumber="241" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Bovidae</taxonomicName>
, but they have also been found on
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF19FF32FD16F99067BECD16" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[646,765,1591,1617]" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="240" pageNumber="241" phylum="Chordata" rank="class">Mammalia</taxonomicName>
(several orders); adults and the undescribed nymph have been collected from
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF19FF32FEACF9FC64EDCD32" authorityName="Bowdich" authorityYear="1821" box="[316,430,1627,1653]" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="240" pageNumber="241" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Carnivora</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF19FF32FE28F9FC6748CD32" box="[440,523,1627,1653]" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="240" pageNumber="241" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Felidae</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF19FF32FDD4F9FC67E8CD32" box="[580,683,1627,1653]" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="240" pageNumber="241" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Rodentia</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF19FF32FD25F9FC6674CD32" box="[693,823,1627,1653]" class="Mammalia" family="Hystricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="240" pageNumber="241" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Hystricidae</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF19FF32FCD1F9FC6104CD33" box="[833,1095,1627,1653]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Rhipicephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="240" pageNumber="241" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ziemanni">
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF19FF32FCD1F9FC6104CD33" box="[833,1095,1627,1653]" italics="true" pageId="240" pageNumber="241">Rhipicephalus ziemanni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a rare parasite of humans.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="485136C2FF19FF32FF07F9D864C3CDDE" blockId="240.[151,1437,1554,2013]" box="[151,384,1663,1689]" pageId="240" pageNumber="241">
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF19FF32FF07F9D865F8CDDE" bold="true" box="[151,187,1663,1689]" pageId="240" pageNumber="241">M:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF19FF32FF52F9D864C3CDDE" authority="Guglielmone &amp; Petney &amp; Robbins, 2020" authorityName="Guglielmone &amp; Petney &amp; Robbins" authorityYear="2020" box="[194,384,1663,1689]" pageId="240" pageNumber="289" rank="subGenus" status="subgen. nov." subGenus="Neumann">
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF19FF32FF52F9D864C3CDDE" author="Neumann, L. G." box="[194,384,1663,1689]" pageId="240" pageNumber="241" pagination="444 - 464" refId="ref233408" refString="Neumann, L. G. (1904) Notes sur les ixodides. II. Archives de Parasitologie, 8, 444 - 464." type="journal article" year="1904">Neumann (1904)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="485136C2FF19FF32FF07F9046434CDFA" blockId="240.[151,1437,1554,2013]" box="[151,375,1699,1725]" pageId="240" pageNumber="241">
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF19FF32FF07F90465F1CDFA" bold="true" box="[151,178,1699,1725]" pageId="240" pageNumber="241">F:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF19FF32FF29F9046434CDFA" authority="Guglielmone &amp; Petney &amp; Robbins, 2020" authorityName="Guglielmone &amp; Petney &amp; Robbins" authorityYear="2020" box="[185,375,1699,1725]" pageId="240" pageNumber="289" rank="subGenus" status="subgen. nov." subGenus="Neumann">
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF19FF32FF29F9046434CDFA" author="Neumann, L. G." box="[185,375,1699,1725]" pageId="240" pageNumber="241" pagination="444 - 464" refId="ref233408" refString="Neumann, L. G. (1904) Notes sur les ixodides. II. Archives de Parasitologie, 8, 444 - 464." type="journal article" year="1904">Neumann (1904)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="485136C2FF19FF32FF07F9606400CDA6" blockId="240.[151,1437,1554,2013]" box="[151,323,1735,1761]" pageId="240" pageNumber="241">
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF19FF32FF07F96065F6CDA6" bold="true" box="[151,181,1735,1761]" pageId="240" pageNumber="241">N:</emphasis>
undescribed
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="485136C2FF19FF32FF07F94C6461CC42" blockId="240.[151,1437,1554,2013]" box="[151,290,1771,1797]" pageId="240" pageNumber="241">
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF19FF32FF07F94C65F0CC42" bold="true" box="[151,179,1771,1797]" pageId="240" pageNumber="241">L:</emphasis>
unknown
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="485136C2FF19FF32FF07F8A9640BCC6F" blockId="240.[151,1437,1554,2013]" box="[151,328,1806,1832]" pageId="240" pageNumber="241">
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF19FF32FF07F8A9640BCC6F" bold="true" box="[151,328,1806,1832]" pageId="240" pageNumber="241">Redescriptions</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="485136C2FF19FF32FF07F8946451CC36" blockId="240.[151,1437,1554,2013]" pageId="240" pageNumber="241">
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF19FF32FF07F89465F8CC0A" bold="true" box="[151,187,1843,1869]" pageId="240" pageNumber="241">M:</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF19FF32FF51F8946426CC0A" author="Theiler, G." box="[193,357,1843,1869]" pageId="240" pageNumber="241" pagination="253 - 300" refId="ref250679" refString="Theiler, G. (1947) Ticks of the South African Zoological Survey Collection. Part VI. - Little known African rhipicephalids. Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Science and Animal Industry, 21, 253 - 300." type="journal article" year="1947">Theiler (1947)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF19FF32FEE0F894674DCC0A" author="Zumpt, F." box="[368,526,1842,1869]" pageId="240" pageNumber="241" pagination="57 - 169" refId="ref257359" refString="Zumpt, F. (1950) Preliminary study to a revision of the genus Rhipicephalus Koch. Key to the adult ticks of the genus Rhipicephalus and description of two new species. Mocambique, 60, 57 - 169. [this paper is usually cited as having been published in 1949]" type="journal article" year="1950">Zumpt (1950)</bibRefCitation>
, Elbl and
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF19FF32FDECF8946675CC09" author="Anastos, G." box="[636,822,1843,1870]" pageId="240" pageNumber="241" pagination="1 - 555" refId="ref197602" refString="Elbl, A. &amp; Anastos, G. (1966 c) Ixodid ticks (Acarina, Ixodidae) of Central Africa. Volume III. Genus Rhipicephalus Koch, 1844. Annales du Musee Royal de l' Afrique Centrale, Serie 8, Sciences Zoologique, 147, 1 - 555." type="journal article" year="1966">Anastos (1966c)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF19FF32FCD1F89461C2CC0A" author="Matthysse, J. G. &amp; Colbo, M. H." box="[833,1153,1843,1869]" pageId="240" pageNumber="241" refId="ref229829" refString="Matthysse, J. G. &amp; Colbo, M. H. (1987) The ixodid ticks of Uganda. Entomological Society of America, College, Park, Maryland, 426 pp." type="book" year="1987">Matthysse and Colbo (1987)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF19FF32FB1BF894602DCC0A" author="Walker, J. B. &amp; Keirans, J. E. &amp; Horak, I. G." box="[1163,1390,1843,1869]" pageId="240" pageNumber="241" refId="ref254360" refString="Walker, J. B., Keirans, J. E. &amp; Horak, I. G. (2000) The genus Rhipicephalus (Acari: Ixodidae): a guide to the brown ticks of the world. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 643 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / CBO 9780511661754" type="book" year="2000">
Walker
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF19FF32FB72F8946059CC0A" box="[1250,1306,1843,1869]" italics="true" pageId="240" pageNumber="241">et al.</emphasis>
(2000)
</bibRefCitation>
; see note below
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="485136C2FF19FF33FF07F8DC6191CB93" blockId="240.[151,1437,1554,2013]" lastBlockId="241.[151,1436,151,213]" lastPageId="241" lastPageNumber="242" pageId="240" pageNumber="241">
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF19FF32FF07F8DC65F1CCD2" bold="true" box="[151,178,1915,1941]" pageId="240" pageNumber="241">F:</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF19FF32FF29F8DC6421CCD2" author="Theiler, G." box="[185,354,1915,1941]" pageId="240" pageNumber="241" pagination="253 - 300" refId="ref250679" refString="Theiler, G. (1947) Ticks of the South African Zoological Survey Collection. Part VI. - Little known African rhipicephalids. Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Science and Animal Industry, 21, 253 - 300." type="journal article" year="1947">Theiler (1947)</bibRefCitation>
, Elbl and
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF19FF32FE44F8DC67D1CCD1" author="Anastos, G." box="[468,658,1915,1942]" pageId="240" pageNumber="241" pagination="1 - 555" refId="ref197602" refString="Elbl, A. &amp; Anastos, G. (1966 c) Ixodid ticks (Acarina, Ixodidae) of Central Africa. Volume III. Genus Rhipicephalus Koch, 1844. Annales du Musee Royal de l' Afrique Centrale, Serie 8, Sciences Zoologique, 147, 1 - 555." type="journal article" year="1966">Anastos (1966c)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF19FF32FD0FF8DC66AACCD2" author="Matthysse, J. G. &amp; Colbo, M. H." box="[671,1001,1915,1941]" pageId="240" pageNumber="241" refId="ref229829" refString="Matthysse, J. G. &amp; Colbo, M. H. (1987) The ixodid ticks of Uganda. Entomological Society of America, College, Park, Maryland, 426 pp." type="book" year="1987">Matthysse and Colbo (1987)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF19FF32FC64F8DC619ECCD2" author="Walker, J. B. &amp; Keirans, J. E. &amp; Horak, I. G." box="[1012,1245,1915,1941]" pageId="240" pageNumber="241" refId="ref254360" refString="Walker, J. B., Keirans, J. E. &amp; Horak, I. G. (2000) The genus Rhipicephalus (Acari: Ixodidae): a guide to the brown ticks of the world. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 643 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / CBO 9780511661754" type="book" year="2000">
Walker
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF19FF32FBDDF8DC61C4CCD2" box="[1101,1159,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="240" pageNumber="241">et al.</emphasis>
(2000)
</bibRefCitation>
; see note below
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF19FF32FF07F8386599CCFE" bold="true" box="[151,218,1951,1977]" pageId="240" pageNumber="241">Note:</emphasis>
Elbl and
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF19FF32FEDDF8386748CCFD" author="Anastos, G." box="[333,523,1951,1978]" pageId="240" pageNumber="241" pagination="1 - 555" refId="ref197602" refString="Elbl, A. &amp; Anastos, G. (1966 c) Ixodid ticks (Acarina, Ixodidae) of Central Africa. Volume III. Genus Rhipicephalus Koch, 1844. Annales du Musee Royal de l' Afrique Centrale, Serie 8, Sciences Zoologique, 147, 1 - 555." type="journal article" year="1966">Anastos (1966c)</bibRefCitation>
state that some specimens of
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF19FF32FCFEF83861C1CCFF" box="[878,1154,1951,1977]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Rhipicephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="240" pageNumber="241" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ziemanni">
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF19FF32FCFEF83861C1CCFF" box="[878,1154,1951,1977]" italics="true" pageId="240" pageNumber="241">Rhipicephalus ziemanni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
collected by them were of the “
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF19FF32FF60F8646766CC9B" authorityName="Neumann" authorityYear="1907" box="[240,549,1987,2013]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Rhipicephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="240" pageNumber="241" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurantiacus">
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF19FF32FF60F8646766CC9B" box="[240,549,1987,2013]" italics="true" pageId="240" pageNumber="241">Rhipicephalus aurantiacus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<typeStatus id="97558860FF19FF32FDBDF8646727CC9A" box="[557,612,1987,2013]" pageId="240" pageNumber="241">type</typeStatus>
.”
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF19FF32FDEBF8646636CC9A" author="Camicas, J. L. &amp; Hervy, J. P. &amp; Adam, F. &amp; Morel, P. C." box="[635,885,1987,2013]" pageId="240" pageNumber="241" refId="ref189468" refString="Camicas, J. L., Hervy, J. P., Adam, F. &amp; Morel, P. C. (1998) Les tiques du monde. Nomenclature, stades decrits, hotes, repartition (Acarida, Ixodida). Orstom, Paris, 233 pp." type="book" year="1998">
Camicas
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF19FF32FD76F8646662CC9A" box="[742,801,1987,2013]" italics="true" pageId="240" pageNumber="241">et al.</emphasis>
(1998)
</bibRefCitation>
listed the nymph of
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF19FF32FBF8F864603FCC9B" box="[1128,1404,1987,2013]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Rhipicephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="240" pageNumber="241" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ziemanni">
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF19FF32FBF8F864603FCC9B" box="[1128,1404,1987,2013]" italics="true" pageId="240" pageNumber="241">Rhipicephalus ziemanni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as described, but we accept the opinion of
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF18FF33FDE3FF306627CBF6" author="Walker, J. B. &amp; Keirans, J. E. &amp; Horak, I. G." box="[627,868,151,177]" pageId="241" pageNumber="242" refId="ref254360" refString="Walker, J. B., Keirans, J. E. &amp; Horak, I. G. (2000) The genus Rhipicephalus (Acari: Ixodidae): a guide to the brown ticks of the world. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 643 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / CBO 9780511661754" type="book" year="2000">
Walker
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF18FF33FD5EFF306648CBF6" box="[718,779,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="241" pageNumber="242">et al.</emphasis>
(2000)
</bibRefCitation>
, who state that it remains undescribed.
<collectingRegion id="8A2AF820FF18FF33FAABFF306027CBF6" box="[1339,1380,151,177]" country="South Sudan" name="Lakes" pageId="241" pageNumber="242">See</collectingRegion>
also
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF18FF33FF07FF1C6488CB93" authorityName="Neumann" authorityYear="1907" box="[151,459,187,213]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Rhipicephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="241" pageNumber="242" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurantiacus">
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF18FF33FF07FF1C6488CB93" box="[151,459,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="241" pageNumber="242">Rhipicephalus aurantiacus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
for that species proposed synonymy with
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF18FF33FC28FF1C6191CB93" box="[952,1234,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="241" pageNumber="242">
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF18FF33FC28FF1C618DCB93" box="[952,1230,187,213]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Rhipicephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="241" pageNumber="242" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ziemanni">Rhipicephalus ziemanni</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>