222 lines
26 KiB
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222 lines
26 KiB
XML
<document id="F7197D26793AE176C215D323FB7A3079" ID-CLB-Dataset="7890" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4871.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="344f8a86-21a1-428e-ae4f-01ea6082254a" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4423340" ID-ZooBank="C21A719F-9A6B-4227-8386-1AFA22620614" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1610022441531" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Guglielmone, Alberto A., Petney, Trevor N. & Robbins, Richard G." docDate="2020" docId="C04787D4FF0FFF25FF07F8C8618DC9C3" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4871.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4871 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Rhipicephalus oculatus Neumann 1901" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="232" masterDocId="3C7EFFACFFE9FFC2FF90FFA76543CB47" masterDocTitle="Ixodidae (Acari: Ixodoidea): descriptions and redescriptions of all known species from 1758 to December 31, 2019" masterLastPageNumber="322" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="231" updateTime="1698923194747" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="E0DD4023F63347C61CA02805D562F8C1" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="6ADA8ACDB7576C7ACEBBC1CC55CEB21D">
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<mods:title id="370C0A319699885121108F06BF9A04D4">Ixodidae (Acari: Ixodoidea): descriptions and redescriptions of all known species from 1758 to December 31, 2019</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="F5A92CA2A638BC6069EFA230B9DD1C82" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="CF871E4947FA4C3F0631FADE31638CE2">Guglielmone, Alberto A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="A4110AB2F9BB5533EEC3E5BFB3ED038E" type="email">guglielmone.alberto@inta.gob.ar</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="4F584EC8A0700F8B6B4D0873A657657E">Petney, Trevor N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="D2299C7F7D5B6386F874DA7C6AE0FB5A" type="email">trevor.petney@smnk.de</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="FD6FFA23A956421D238CAD662A8A1E28">Robbins, Richard G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="19889190A8F0BF1697AE39E484F27217" type="email">guglielmone.alberto@inta.gob.ar</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="375DB71A0E5B3CACDE14570B098175E4">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="ED5FFC854726993829DAE10F3AD140E1">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="6BCF39BAF8AB450F4282E5162EBB083E">
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<mods:date id="6103CA6417FB7499F144FB14AC515277">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="7AAD9F2318816223CBEB45CCB54709B8">2020-11-05</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="A39A5908B056F3D007F7462BE6F8D699">4871</mods:number>
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<treatment id="C04787D4FF0FFF25FF07F8C8618DC9C3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4582415" ID-GBIF-Taxon="179990435" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4582415" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C04787D4FF0FFF25FF07F8C8618DC9C3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C04787D4FF0FFF25FF07F8C8618DC9C3" lastPageId="231" lastPageNumber="232" pageId="230" pageNumber="231">
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<subSubSection id="00F46549FF0FFF24FF07F8C867E1CCCD" box="[151,674,1903,1930]" pageId="230" pageNumber="231" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="485136C2FF0FFF24FF07F8C867E1CCCD" blockId="230.[151,1437,1903,2038]" box="[151,674,1903,1930]" pageId="230" pageNumber="231">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF0FFF24FF07F8C865F9CCCE" bold="true" box="[151,186,1903,1929]" pageId="230" pageNumber="231">54.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF0FFF24FF57F8C867DDCCCD" ID-CoL="795GW" authority="Neumann, 1901" authorityName="Neumann" authorityYear="1901" box="[199,670,1903,1930]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Rhipicephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="230" pageNumber="231" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oculatus">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF0FFF24FF57F8C86499CCCD" bold="true" box="[199,474,1903,1930]" italics="true" pageId="230" pageNumber="231">Rhipicephalus oculatus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF0FFF24FE74F8D767DDCCCD" author="Neumann, L. G." box="[484,670,1904,1930]" pageId="230" pageNumber="231" pagination="249 - 372" refId="ref233349" refString="Neumann, L. G. (1901) Revision de la famille des ixodides (4 e memoire). Memoires de la Societe Zoologique de France, 14, 249 - 372." type="journal article" year="1901">Neumann, 1901</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="00F46549FF0FFF24FD3BF8D7618ACCB2" pageId="230" pageNumber="231" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="485136C2FF0FFF24FD3BF8D7618ACCB2" blockId="230.[151,1437,1903,2038]" pageId="230" pageNumber="231">
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An Afrotropical species, all of whose parasitic stages are usually found on
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF0FFF24FE99F83464DECCEA" box="[265,413,1939,1965]" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="230" pageNumber="231" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Lagomorpha</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF0FFF24FE39F834675ECCEA" box="[425,541,1939,1965]" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="230" pageNumber="231" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Leporidae</taxonomicName>
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, but all parasitic stages have also been collected from
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF0FFF24FB0AF8346068CCEA" authorityName="Owen" authorityYear="1848" box="[1178,1323,1939,1965]" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="230" pageNumber="231" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Artiodactyla</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF0FFF24FAA8F83460DACCEA" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1821" box="[1336,1433,1939,1965]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="230" pageNumber="231" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Bovidae</taxonomicName>
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. Nymphs and larvae have been recovered from
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF0FFF24FD26F8106603CC96" box="[694,832,1975,2001]" class="Aves" kingdom="Animalia" order="Galliformes" pageId="230" pageNumber="231" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Galliformes</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF0FFF24FCDEF810668ECC96" box="[846,973,1975,2001]" class="Aves" family="Numididae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Galliformes" pageId="230" pageNumber="231" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Numididae</taxonomicName>
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, and larvae alone have been taken from
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF0FFF24FF07F87C6442CCB2" box="[151,257,2011,2037]" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="230" pageNumber="231" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Rodentia</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF0FFF24FE9BF87C643FCCB2" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1825" box="[267,380,2011,2037]" class="Mammalia" family="Pedetidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="230" pageNumber="231" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Pedetidae</taxonomicName>
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. There are no records of
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF0FFF24FD02F87C66DBCCB2" box="[658,920,2011,2037]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Rhipicephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="230" pageNumber="231" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oculatus">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF0FFF24FD02F87C66DBCCB2" box="[658,920,2011,2037]" italics="true" pageId="230" pageNumber="231">Rhipicephalus oculatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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causing human parasitism.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="00F46549FF0EFF25FF07FF31618DC9C3" pageId="231" pageNumber="232" type="description">
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<paragraph id="485136C2FF0EFF25FF07FF3164C3CBF7" blockId="231.[151,1437,150,645]" box="[151,384,150,177]" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF0EFF25FF07FF3165F8CBF7" bold="true" box="[151,187,150,176]" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">M:</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF0EFF25FF52FF3064C3CBF7" authority="Guglielmone & Petney & Robbins, 2020" authorityName="Guglielmone & Petney & Robbins" authorityYear="2020" box="[194,384,150,177]" pageId="231" pageNumber="289" rank="subGenus" status="subgen. nov." subGenus="Neumann">
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF0EFF25FF52FF3064C3CBF7" author="Neumann, L. G." box="[194,384,150,177]" pageId="231" pageNumber="232" pagination="249 - 372" refId="ref233349" refString="Neumann, L. G. (1901) Revision de la famille des ixodides (4 e memoire). Memoires de la Societe Zoologique de France, 14, 249 - 372." type="journal article" year="1901">Neumann (1901)</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="485136C2FF0EFF25FF07FF1D6434CB93" blockId="231.[151,1437,150,645]" box="[151,375,186,213]" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF0EFF25FF07FF1D65F1CB93" bold="true" box="[151,178,186,212]" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">F:</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF0EFF25FF29FF1C6434CB93" authority="Guglielmone & Petney & Robbins, 2020" authorityName="Guglielmone & Petney & Robbins" authorityYear="2020" box="[185,375,186,213]" pageId="231" pageNumber="289" rank="subGenus" status="subgen. nov." subGenus="Neumann">
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF0EFF25FF29FF1C6434CB93" author="Neumann, L. G." box="[185,375,186,213]" pageId="231" pageNumber="232" pagination="249 - 372" refId="ref233349" refString="Neumann, L. G. (1901) Revision de la famille des ixodides (4 e memoire). Memoires de la Societe Zoologique de France, 14, 249 - 372." type="journal article" year="1901">Neumann (1901)</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="485136C2FF0EFF25FF07FF796725CBBF" blockId="231.[151,1437,150,645]" box="[151,614,222,249]" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF0EFF25FF07FF7965F6CBBF" bold="true" box="[151,181,222,248]" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">N:</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF0EFF25FF2CFF7964F7CBBE" author="Keirans, J. E. & Walker, J. B. & Horak, I. G. & Heyne, H." box="[188,436,222,249]" pageId="231" pageNumber="232" pagination="229 - 246" refId="ref219291" refString="Keirans, J. E., Walker, J. B., Horak, I. G. & Heyne, H. (1993 b) Rhipicephalus exophthalmos sp. n., a new tick species from southern Africa, and redescription of Rhipicephalus oculatus Neumann, 1901, with which it has hitherto been confused (Acari: Ixodida: Ixodidae). Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, 60, 229 - 246." type="journal article" year="1993">
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Keirans
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF0EFF25FE8AFF786411CBBF" box="[282,338,222,248]" italics="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">et al.</emphasis>
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(1993b)
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</bibRefCitation>
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; see note below
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="485136C2FF0EFF25FF07FEA56726CA5B" blockId="231.[151,1437,150,645]" box="[151,613,258,285]" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF0EFF25FF07FEA565F0CA5B" bold="true" box="[151,179,258,284]" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">L:</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF0EFF25FF2AFEA564F0CA5A" author="Keirans, J. E. & Walker, J. B. & Horak, I. G. & Heyne, H." box="[186,435,258,285]" pageId="231" pageNumber="232" pagination="229 - 246" refId="ref219291" refString="Keirans, J. E., Walker, J. B., Horak, I. G. & Heyne, H. (1993 b) Rhipicephalus exophthalmos sp. n., a new tick species from southern Africa, and redescription of Rhipicephalus oculatus Neumann, 1901, with which it has hitherto been confused (Acari: Ixodida: Ixodidae). Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, 60, 229 - 246." type="journal article" year="1993">
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Keirans
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF0EFF25FE88FEA46412CA5B" box="[280,337,258,284]" italics="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">et al.</emphasis>
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(1993b)
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</bibRefCitation>
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; see note below
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="485136C2FF0EFF25FF07FE81640BCA07" blockId="231.[151,1437,150,645]" box="[151,328,294,320]" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF0EFF25FF07FE81640BCA07" bold="true" box="[151,328,294,320]" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">Redescriptions</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="485136C2FF0EFF25FF07FEED66C8CA23" blockId="231.[151,1437,150,645]" box="[151,907,330,357]" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF0EFF25FF07FEED65F8CA23" bold="true" box="[151,187,330,356]" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">M:</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF0EFF25FF52FEED64F9CA22" author="Keirans, J. E. & Walker, J. B. & Horak, I. G. & Heyne, H." box="[194,442,330,357]" pageId="231" pageNumber="232" pagination="229 - 246" refId="ref219291" refString="Keirans, J. E., Walker, J. B., Horak, I. G. & Heyne, H. (1993 b) Rhipicephalus exophthalmos sp. n., a new tick species from southern Africa, and redescription of Rhipicephalus oculatus Neumann, 1901, with which it has hitherto been confused (Acari: Ixodida: Ixodidae). Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, 60, 229 - 246." type="journal article" year="1993">
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Keirans
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF0EFF25FEB0FEEC641BCA23" box="[288,344,330,356]" italics="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">et al.</emphasis>
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(1993b)
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</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF0EFF25FE55FEED67EBCA23" author="Walker, J. B. & Keirans, J. E. & Horak, I. G." box="[453,680,330,356]" pageId="231" pageNumber="232" refId="ref254360" refString="Walker, J. B., Keirans, J. E. & Horak, I. G. (2000) The genus Rhipicephalus (Acari: Ixodidae): a guide to the brown ticks of the world. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 643 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / CBO 9780511661754" type="book" year="2000">
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Walker
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF0EFF25FD8CFEEC6716CA23" box="[540,597,330,356]" italics="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">et al.</emphasis>
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(2000)
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</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF0EFF25FD24FEED66C8CA23" author="Horak, I. G. & Heyne, H. & Williams, R. & Gallivan, G. J. & Spickett, A. & Bezuidenhout, J. D. & Estrada-Pena, A." box="[692,907,330,356]" pageId="231" pageNumber="232" refId="ref214046" refString="Horak, I. G., Heyne, H., Williams, R., Gallivan, G. J., Spickett, A., Bezuidenhout, J. D. & Estrada-Pena, A. (2018) The ixodid ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) of southern Africa. Springer, Cham, 676 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 319 - 70642 - 9" type="book" year="2018">
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Horak
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF0EFF25FC91FEEC667ACA23" box="[769,825,330,356]" italics="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">et al.</emphasis>
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(2018)
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</bibRefCitation>
|
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="485136C2FF0EFF25FF07FEC966C2CACF" blockId="231.[151,1437,150,645]" box="[151,897,366,393]" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF0EFF25FF07FEC965F1CACF" bold="true" box="[151,178,366,392]" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">F:</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF0EFF25FF29FEC964F3CACE" author="Keirans, J. E. & Walker, J. B. & Horak, I. G. & Heyne, H." box="[185,432,366,393]" pageId="231" pageNumber="232" pagination="229 - 246" refId="ref219291" refString="Keirans, J. E., Walker, J. B., Horak, I. G. & Heyne, H. (1993 b) Rhipicephalus exophthalmos sp. n., a new tick species from southern Africa, and redescription of Rhipicephalus oculatus Neumann, 1901, with which it has hitherto been confused (Acari: Ixodida: Ixodidae). Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, 60, 229 - 246." type="journal article" year="1993">
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Keirans
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF0EFF25FE87FEC8640CCACF" box="[279,335,366,392]" italics="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">et al.</emphasis>
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(1993b)
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</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF0EFF25FE2CFEC967DCCACF" author="Walker, J. B. & Keirans, J. E. & Horak, I. G." box="[444,671,366,392]" pageId="231" pageNumber="232" refId="ref254360" refString="Walker, J. B., Keirans, J. E. & Horak, I. G. (2000) The genus Rhipicephalus (Acari: Ixodidae): a guide to the brown ticks of the world. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 643 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / CBO 9780511661754" type="book" year="2000">
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Walker
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF0EFF25FD83FEC86708CACF" box="[531,587,366,392]" italics="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">et al.</emphasis>
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(2000)
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</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF0EFF25FD3BFEC966C2CACF" author="Horak, I. G. & Heyne, H. & Williams, R. & Gallivan, G. J. & Spickett, A. & Bezuidenhout, J. D. & Estrada-Pena, A." box="[683,897,366,392]" pageId="231" pageNumber="232" refId="ref214046" refString="Horak, I. G., Heyne, H., Williams, R., Gallivan, G. J., Spickett, A., Bezuidenhout, J. D. & Estrada-Pena, A. (2018) The ixodid ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) of southern Africa. Springer, Cham, 676 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 319 - 70642 - 9" type="book" year="2018">
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Horak
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF0EFF25FD68FEC86673CACF" box="[760,816,366,392]" italics="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">et al.</emphasis>
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(2018)
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</bibRefCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="485136C2FF0EFF25FF07FE3564DFCAEB" blockId="231.[151,1437,150,645]" box="[151,412,402,428]" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF0EFF25FF07FE3565F6CAEB" bold="true" box="[151,181,402,428]" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">N:</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF0EFF25FF2BFE3564DFCAEB" author="Walker, J. B. & Keirans, J. E. & Horak, I. G." box="[187,412,402,428]" pageId="231" pageNumber="232" refId="ref254360" refString="Walker, J. B., Keirans, J. E. & Horak, I. G. (2000) The genus Rhipicephalus (Acari: Ixodidae): a guide to the brown ticks of the world. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 643 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / CBO 9780511661754" type="book" year="2000">
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Walker
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF0EFF25FE82FE346408CAEB" box="[274,331,402,428]" italics="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">et al.</emphasis>
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(2000)
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</bibRefCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="485136C2FF0EFF25FF07FE1164D8CA97" blockId="231.[151,1437,150,645]" box="[151,411,438,464]" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF0EFF25FF07FE1165F0CA97" bold="true" box="[151,179,438,464]" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">L:</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF0EFF25FF2AFE1164D8CA97" author="Walker, J. B. & Keirans, J. E. & Horak, I. G." box="[186,411,438,464]" pageId="231" pageNumber="232" refId="ref254360" refString="Walker, J. B., Keirans, J. E. & Horak, I. G. (2000) The genus Rhipicephalus (Acari: Ixodidae): a guide to the brown ticks of the world. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 643 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / CBO 9780511661754" type="book" year="2000">
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Walker
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF0EFF25FE81FE10640ACA97" box="[273,329,438,464]" italics="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">et al.</emphasis>
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(2000)
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</bibRefCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="485136C2FF0EFF25FF07FE7D618DC9C3" blockId="231.[151,1437,150,645]" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF0EFF25FF07FE7D659BCAB3" bold="true" box="[151,216,474,500]" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">Note:</emphasis>
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descriptions of the nymph and larva of
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF0EFF25FD03FE7D66DACAB3" box="[659,921,474,500]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Rhipicephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="231" pageNumber="232" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oculatus">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF0EFF25FD03FE7D66DACAB3" box="[659,921,474,500]" italics="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">Rhipicephalus oculatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, as in
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF0EFF25FC70FE7D61CDCAB3" author="Howard, C. W." box="[992,1166,474,500]" pageId="231" pageNumber="232" pagination="73 - 169" refId="ref215418" refString="Howard, C. W. (1908) A list of the ticks of South Africa, with descriptions and keys to all the forms known. Annals of the Transvaal Museum, 1, 73 - 169. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 84612" type="journal article" year="1908">Howard (1908)</bibRefCitation>
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, were published prior to the study of
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF0EFF25FEB1FE59675BC95E" author="Keirans, J. E. & Walker, J. B. & Horak, I. G. & Heyne, H." box="[289,536,510,537]" pageId="231" pageNumber="232" pagination="229 - 246" refId="ref219291" refString="Keirans, J. E., Walker, J. B., Horak, I. G. & Heyne, H. (1993 b) Rhipicephalus exophthalmos sp. n., a new tick species from southern Africa, and redescription of Rhipicephalus oculatus Neumann, 1901, with which it has hitherto been confused (Acari: Ixodida: Ixodidae). Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, 60, 229 - 246." type="journal article" year="1993">
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Keirans
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF0EFF25FEEFFE5864F4C95F" box="[383,439,510,536]" italics="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">et al.</emphasis>
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(1993b)
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</bibRefCitation>
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, but, according to the latter authors, the immature stages used by
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF0EFF25FB61FE5960DFC95F" author="Howard, C. W." box="[1265,1436,510,536]" pageId="231" pageNumber="232" pagination="73 - 169" refId="ref215418" refString="Howard, C. W. (1908) A list of the ticks of South Africa, with descriptions and keys to all the forms known. Annals of the Transvaal Museum, 1, 73 - 169. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 84612" type="journal article" year="1908">Howard (1908)</bibRefCitation>
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for his descriptions represent a different species. Misidentifications also occur in several redescriptions of the male and female of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF0EFF25FEA8FDE1677CC927" box="[312,575,582,608]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Rhipicephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="231" pageNumber="232" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oculatus">
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|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF0EFF25FEA8FDE1677CC927" box="[312,575,582,608]" italics="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">Rhipicephalus oculatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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|
, as in
|
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF0EFF25FD18FDE0666AC927" author="Zumpt, F." box="[648,809,582,609]" pageId="231" pageNumber="232" pagination="479 - 500" refId="ref257172" refString="Zumpt, F. (1942 c) Zur Kenntnis der afrikanischer Rhipicephalusarten. V. Vorstudie zu einer Revision der Gattung Rhipicephalus Koch. Zeitschrift fur Parasitenkunde, 12, 479 - 500. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 02121659" type="journal article" year="1942">Zumpt (1942c</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF0EFF25FCA5FDE1662DC926" author="Zumpt, F." box="[821,878,582,609]" pageId="231" pageNumber="232" pagination="57 - 169" refId="ref257359" refString="Zumpt, F. (1950) Preliminary study to a revision of the genus Rhipicephalus Koch. Key to the adult ticks of the genus Rhipicephalus and description of two new species. Mocambique, 60, 57 - 169. [this paper is usually cited as having been published in 1949]" type="journal article" year="1950">1950</bibRefCitation>
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) and Theiler and Salisbury (1953), among others. The species most often confused with
|
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF0EFF25FDD4FDCD6608C9C3" box="[580,843,618,644]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Rhipicephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="231" pageNumber="232" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oculatus">
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF0EFF25FDD4FDCD6608C9C3" box="[580,843,618,644]" italics="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">Rhipicephalus oculatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
|
|
was
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF0EFF25FC14FDCD618DC9C3" box="[900,1230,618,644]" italics="true" pageId="231" pageNumber="232">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF0EFF25FC14FDCD6189C9C3" box="[900,1226,618,644]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Rhipicephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="231" pageNumber="232" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="exophthalmos">Rhipicephalus exophthalmos</taxonomicName>
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.
|
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |