265 lines
34 KiB
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265 lines
34 KiB
XML
<document id="6E25F8C37132C3DE10824D07462D726C" ID-CLB-Dataset="7890" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4871.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="344f8a86-21a1-428e-ae4f-01ea6082254a" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4423340" ID-ZooBank="C21A719F-9A6B-4227-8386-1AFA22620614" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1610022441531" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Guglielmone, Alberto A., Petney, Trevor N. & Robbins, Richard G." docDate="2020" docId="C04787D4FF04FF2CFF07FA5C6023CACE" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4871.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4871 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Rhipicephalus sulcatus Neumann 1908" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="239" masterDocId="3C7EFFACFFE9FFC2FF90FFA76543CB47" masterDocTitle="Ixodidae (Acari: Ixodoidea): descriptions and redescriptions of all known species from 1758 to December 31, 2019" masterLastPageNumber="322" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="238" updateTime="1698923194747" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="84FC7026EBB452CC8B83F7831519F5A0" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="A269271C6B71D25BC73C3ADA70E03576">
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<mods:title id="C9A23890A090E21E3C672C6EF9F34A6A">Ixodidae (Acari: Ixodoidea): descriptions and redescriptions of all known species from 1758 to December 31, 2019</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="B2A8CB443CFD91E4796CBE11312833DD" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="67C564950D3BA4A14668786DD0870443">Guglielmone, Alberto A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="876625F4FD870F99634580C8DF234E45" type="email">guglielmone.alberto@inta.gob.ar</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:name id="DDFABA1341CF0CAB5C92628703B4AADD" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="996BE51C1B8E09054A870FCA5757D72D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="3581271A7D350DD2053764004A77103F">Petney, Trevor N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="EBD038F6907EBE893221D37074C56E97" type="email">trevor.petney@smnk.de</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="A1338E01C5EB2C027D599B69AF234B98">Robbins, Richard G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="F28038B2F9999764C4A3BE37A0520A6A" type="ORCID">0000-0001-5430-2889</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="20149AAE9BD3AC7954D6B35B727CB95C" type="email">guglielmone.alberto@inta.gob.ar</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="0D100E6C3797CB3FF936C267F50729A3">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="2B2B4A24F04D987EDB1B453A8E3FBF6F">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="F1E6D651402025A6A35EBF4185A503D2">
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<mods:date id="246AB0851AAB73E41825120B1BD899BE">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="B536C3551DABB385834A75E3755FE517">2020-11-05</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="C6118CEA83940A91E9448454FD433982">4871</mods:number>
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<treatment id="C04787D4FF04FF2CFF07FA5C6023CACE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4582473" ID-GBIF-Taxon="179990399" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4582473" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C04787D4FF04FF2CFF07FA5C6023CACE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C04787D4FF04FF2CFF07FA5C6023CACE" lastPageId="238" lastPageNumber="239" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">
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<subSubSection id="00F46549FF04FF2FFF07FA5C67DDCD52" box="[151,670,1530,1557]" pageId="237" pageNumber="238" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="485136C2FF04FF2FFF07FA5C67DDCD52" blockId="237.[151,1436,1530,2026]" box="[151,670,1530,1557]" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF04FF2FFF07FA5C65F9CD52" bold="true" box="[151,186,1531,1557]" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">75.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF04FF2FFF57FA5D67D9CD52" ID-CoL="6WTHJ" authority="Neumann, 1908c" authorityName="Neumann" authorityYear="1908" box="[199,666,1530,1557]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Rhipicephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="237" pageNumber="238" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sulcatus">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF04FF2FFF57FA5D6491CD52" bold="true" box="[199,466,1530,1557]" italics="true" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">Rhipicephalus sulcatus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF04FF2FFE48FA5C67D9CD52" author="Neumann, L. G." box="[472,666,1531,1557]" pageId="237" pageNumber="238" pagination="352 - 355" refId="ref233789" refString="Neumann, L. G. (1908 c) Description d'une nouvelle espece d'ixodine. Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 14, 352 - 355." type="journal article" year="1908">Neumann, 1908c</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="00F46549FF04FF2FFD31FA5C66DACD7E" pageId="237" pageNumber="238" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="485136C2FF04FF2FFD31FA5C66DACD7E" blockId="237.[151,1436,1530,2026]" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">
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An Afrotropical species whose adults have been found on
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF04FF2FFAB3FA5C60DFCD52" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[1315,1436,1531,1557]" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="237" pageNumber="238" phylum="Chordata" rank="class">Mammalia</taxonomicName>
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(several orders).
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF04FF2FFEC4F9B86714CD7E" box="[340,599,1567,1593]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Rhipicephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="237" pageNumber="238" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sulcatus">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF04FF2FFEC4F9B86714CD7E" box="[340,599,1567,1593]" italics="true" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">Rhipicephalus sulcatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is a rare parasite of humans.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="00F46549FF04FF2CFF07F9E46023CACE" lastPageId="238" lastPageNumber="239" pageId="237" pageNumber="238" type="description">
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<paragraph id="485136C2FF04FF2FFF07F9E464CECD1A" blockId="237.[151,1436,1530,2026]" box="[151,397,1603,1629]" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF04FF2FFF07F9E465F8CD1A" bold="true" box="[151,187,1603,1629]" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">M:</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF04FF2FFF52F9E464CECD1A" authority="Guglielmone & Petney & Robbins, 2020" authorityName="Guglielmone & Petney & Robbins" authorityYear="2020" box="[194,397,1603,1629]" pageId="237" pageNumber="289" rank="subGenus" status="subgen. nov." subGenus="Neumann">
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF04FF2FFF52F9E464CECD1A" author="Neumann, L. G." box="[194,397,1603,1629]" pageId="237" pageNumber="238" pagination="352 - 355" refId="ref233789" refString="Neumann, L. G. (1908 c) Description d'une nouvelle espece d'ixodine. Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 14, 352 - 355." type="journal article" year="1908">Neumann (1908c)</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="485136C2FF04FF2FFF07F9C064C0CDC6" blockId="237.[151,1436,1530,2026]" box="[151,387,1639,1665]" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF04FF2FFF07F9C065F1CDC6" bold="true" box="[151,178,1639,1665]" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">F:</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF04FF2FFF29F9C064C0CDC6" authority="Guglielmone & Petney & Robbins, 2020" authorityName="Guglielmone & Petney & Robbins" authorityYear="2020" box="[185,387,1639,1665]" pageId="237" pageNumber="289" rank="subGenus" status="subgen. nov." subGenus="Neumann">
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF04FF2FFF29F9C064C0CDC6" author="Neumann, L. G." box="[185,387,1639,1665]" pageId="237" pageNumber="238" pagination="352 - 355" refId="ref233789" refString="Neumann, L. G. (1908 c) Description d'une nouvelle espece d'ixodine. Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 14, 352 - 355." type="journal article" year="1908">Neumann (1908c)</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="485136C2FF04FF2FFF07F92C6743CDE2" blockId="237.[151,1436,1530,2026]" box="[151,512,1674,1701]" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF04FF2FFF07F92C65F6CDE2" bold="true" box="[151,181,1675,1701]" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">N:</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF04FF2FFF2CF92C6743CDE2" author="Theiler, G. & Robinson, B. N." box="[188,512,1674,1701]" pageId="237" pageNumber="238" pagination="93 - 136" refId="ref250861" refString="Theiler, G. & Robinson, B. N. (1953) Ticks in the South African Zoological Survey Collection. Part VII. Six lesser known African rhipicephalids. Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, 26, 93 - 136." type="journal article" year="1953">Theiler and Robinson (1953)</bibRefCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="485136C2FF04FF2FFF07F90864BDCD8E" blockId="237.[151,1436,1530,2026]" box="[151,510,1710,1737]" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF04FF2FFF07F90865F0CD8E" bold="true" box="[151,179,1711,1737]" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">L:</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF04FF2FFF2AF90864BDCD8E" author="Theiler, G. & Robinson, B. N." box="[186,510,1710,1737]" pageId="237" pageNumber="238" pagination="93 - 136" refId="ref250861" refString="Theiler, G. & Robinson, B. N. (1953) Ticks in the South African Zoological Survey Collection. Part VII. Six lesser known African rhipicephalids. Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, 26, 93 - 136." type="journal article" year="1953">Theiler and Robinson (1953)</bibRefCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="485136C2FF04FF2FFF07F975640BCDAB" blockId="237.[151,1436,1530,2026]" box="[151,328,1746,1772]" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF04FF2FFF07F975640BCDAB" bold="true" box="[151,328,1746,1772]" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">Redescriptions</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="485136C2FF04FF2FFF07F9506462CC1E" blockId="237.[151,1436,1530,2026]" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF04FF2FFF07F95065F8CC56" bold="true" box="[151,187,1783,1809]" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">M:</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF04FF2FFF55F9506430CC56" author="Zumpt, F." box="[197,371,1783,1809]" pageId="237" pageNumber="238" pagination="479 - 500" refId="ref257172" refString="Zumpt, F. (1942 c) Zur Kenntnis der afrikanischer Rhipicephalusarten. V. Vorstudie zu einer Revision der Gattung Rhipicephalus Koch. Zeitschrift fur Parasitenkunde, 12, 479 - 500. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 02121659" type="journal article" year="1942">Zumpt (1942c)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF04FF2FFE11F9506793CC56" author="Theiler, G. & Robinson, B. N." box="[385,720,1782,1809]" pageId="237" pageNumber="238" pagination="93 - 136" refId="ref250861" refString="Theiler, G. & Robinson, B. N. (1953) Ticks in the South African Zoological Survey Collection. Part VII. Six lesser known African rhipicephalids. Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, 26, 93 - 136." type="journal article" year="1953">Theiler and Robinson (1953)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF04FF2FFD4FF95066FECC56" author="Hoogstraal, H." box="[735,957,1782,1809]" pageId="237" pageNumber="238" refId="ref207749" refString="Hoogstraal, H. (1956 a) African Ixodoidea. I. Ticks of the Sudan (with special reference to Equatoria Province and with preliminary reviews of the genera Boophilus, Margaropus and Hyalomma). Research Report NM 005 050.29. 07. Department of the Navy, Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, Washington D. C., 1101 pp." type="book" year="1956">Hoogstraal (1956a)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF04FF2FFC5BF95061D2CC56" author="Tendeiro, J." box="[971,1169,1782,1809]" pageId="237" pageNumber="238" pagination="21 - 95" refId="ref249760" refString="Tendeiro, J. (1959 a) Sobre quelques ixodides du Mozambique et de la Guinee Portugaise. I. Boletim Cultural da Guine Portuguesa, 14, 21 - 95." type="journal article" year="1959">Tendeiro (1959a)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF04FF2FFB30F95065A7CC71" author="Morel, P. C. & Vassiliades, G." pageId="237" pageNumber="238" pagination="343 - 386" refId="ref231670" refString="Morel, P. C. & Vassiliades, G. (1963) Les Rhipicephalus du groupe sanguineus: especes Africaines (Acariens: Ixodoidea). Revue d'Elevage et de Medecine Veterinaire des Pays Tropicaux, 15, 343 - 386. https: // doi. org / 10.19182 / remvt. 7132" type="journal article" year="1963">Morel and Vassiliades (1963)</bibRefCitation>
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, Elbl and
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF04FF2FFEC3F8BC674ECC71" author="Anastos, G." box="[339,525,1819,1846]" pageId="237" pageNumber="238" pagination="1 - 555" refId="ref197602" refString="Elbl, A. & Anastos, G. (1966 c) Ixodid ticks (Acarina, Ixodidae) of Central Africa. Volume III. Genus Rhipicephalus Koch, 1844. Annales du Musee Royal de l' Afrique Centrale, Serie 8, Sciences Zoologique, 147, 1 - 555." type="journal article" year="1966">Anastos (1966c)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF04FF2FFD89F8BC6618CC72" author="Matthysse, J. G. & Colbo, M. H." box="[537,859,1819,1845]" pageId="237" pageNumber="238" refId="ref229829" refString="Matthysse, J. G. & Colbo, M. H. (1987) The ixodid ticks of Uganda. Entomological Society of America, College, Park, Maryland, 426 pp." type="book" year="1987">Matthysse and Colbo (1987)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF04FF2FFCF7F8BC611ECC71" author="Pegram, R. G. & Clifford, C. M. & Walker, J. B. & Keirans, J. E." box="[871,1117,1819,1846]" pageId="237" pageNumber="238" pagination="3 - 26" refId="ref237162" refString="Pegram, R. G., Clifford, C. M., Walker, J. B. & Keirans, J. E. (1987 b) Clarification of the Rhipicephalus sanguineus group (Acari, Ixodoidea, Ixodidae). I. R. sulcatus Neumann, 1908 and Rhipicephalus turanicus Pomerantsev, 1936. Systematic Parasitology, 10, 3 - 26. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 00009099" type="journal article" year="1987">
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Pegram
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF04FF2FFC53F8BC66B8CC72" box="[963,1019,1819,1845]" italics="true" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">et al.</emphasis>
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(1987b)
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</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF04FF2FFBF8F8BC6008CC72" author="Walker, J. B. & Keirans, J. E. & Horak, I. G." box="[1128,1355,1819,1845]" pageId="237" pageNumber="238" refId="ref254360" refString="Walker, J. B., Keirans, J. E. & Horak, I. G. (2000) The genus Rhipicephalus (Acari: Ixodidae): a guide to the brown ticks of the world. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 643 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / CBO 9780511661754" type="book" year="2000">
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Walker
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF04FF2FFB2FF8BC61B4CC72" box="[1215,1271,1819,1845]" italics="true" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">et al.</emphasis>
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(2000)
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</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF04FF2FFAC6F8BC6462CC1E" author="Horak, I. G. & Heyne, H. & Williams, R. & Gallivan, G. J. & Spickett, A. & Bezuidenhout, J. D. & Estrada-Pena, A." pageId="237" pageNumber="238" refId="ref214046" refString="Horak, I. G., Heyne, H., Williams, R., Gallivan, G. J., Spickett, A., Bezuidenhout, J. D. & Estrada-Pena, A. (2018) The ixodid ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) of southern Africa. Springer, Cham, 676 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 319 - 70642 - 9" type="book" year="2018">
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Horak
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF04FF2FFF07F898658CCC1E" box="[151,207,1855,1881]" italics="true" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">et al.</emphasis>
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(2018)
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</bibRefCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="485136C2FF04FF2FFF07F8C46462CC82" blockId="237.[151,1436,1530,2026]" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF04FF2FFF07F8C465F1CC3A" bold="true" box="[151,178,1891,1917]" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">F:</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF04FF2FFF2CF8C46428CC3A" author="Zumpt, F." box="[188,363,1891,1917]" pageId="237" pageNumber="238" pagination="479 - 500" refId="ref257172" refString="Zumpt, F. (1942 c) Zur Kenntnis der afrikanischer Rhipicephalusarten. V. Vorstudie zu einer Revision der Gattung Rhipicephalus Koch. Zeitschrift fur Parasitenkunde, 12, 479 - 500. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 02121659" type="journal article" year="1942">Zumpt (1942c)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF04FF2FFEEAF8C46788CC3A" author="Theiler, G. & Robinson, B. N." box="[378,715,1890,1917]" pageId="237" pageNumber="238" pagination="93 - 136" refId="ref250861" refString="Theiler, G. & Robinson, B. N. (1953) Ticks in the South African Zoological Survey Collection. Part VII. Six lesser known African rhipicephalids. Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, 26, 93 - 136." type="journal article" year="1953">Theiler and Robinson (1953)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF04FF2FFD4AF8C466FACC3A" author="Hoogstraal, H." box="[730,953,1890,1917]" pageId="237" pageNumber="238" refId="ref207749" refString="Hoogstraal, H. (1956 a) African Ixodoidea. I. Ticks of the Sudan (with special reference to Equatoria Province and with preliminary reviews of the genera Boophilus, Margaropus and Hyalomma). Research Report NM 005 050.29. 07. Department of the Navy, Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, Washington D. C., 1101 pp." type="book" year="1956">Hoogstraal (1956a)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF04FF2FFC58F8C461CCCC3A" author="Tendeiro, J." box="[968,1167,1890,1917]" pageId="237" pageNumber="238" pagination="21 - 95" refId="ref249760" refString="Tendeiro, J. (1959 a) Sobre quelques ixodides du Mozambique et de la Guinee Portugaise. I. Boletim Cultural da Guine Portuguesa, 14, 21 - 95." type="journal article" year="1959">Tendeiro (1959a)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF04FF2FFB0EF8C465A7CCE5" author="Morel, P. C. & Vassiliades, G." pageId="237" pageNumber="238" pagination="343 - 386" refId="ref231670" refString="Morel, P. C. & Vassiliades, G. (1963) Les Rhipicephalus du groupe sanguineus: especes Africaines (Acariens: Ixodoidea). Revue d'Elevage et de Medecine Veterinaire des Pays Tropicaux, 15, 343 - 386. https: // doi. org / 10.19182 / remvt. 7132" type="journal article" year="1963">Morel and Vassiliades (1963)</bibRefCitation>
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, Elbl and
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF04FF2FFEC3F820674ECCE5" author="Anastos, G." box="[339,525,1927,1954]" pageId="237" pageNumber="238" pagination="1 - 555" refId="ref197602" refString="Elbl, A. & Anastos, G. (1966 c) Ixodid ticks (Acarina, Ixodidae) of Central Africa. Volume III. Genus Rhipicephalus Koch, 1844. Annales du Musee Royal de l' Afrique Centrale, Serie 8, Sciences Zoologique, 147, 1 - 555." type="journal article" year="1966">Anastos (1966c)</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF04FF2FFD89F8206618CCE6" author="Matthysse, J. G. & Colbo, M. H." box="[537,859,1927,1953]" pageId="237" pageNumber="238" refId="ref229829" refString="Matthysse, J. G. & Colbo, M. H. (1987) The ixodid ticks of Uganda. Entomological Society of America, College, Park, Maryland, 426 pp." type="book" year="1987">Matthysse and Colbo (1987)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF04FF2FFCF7F820611ECCE5" author="Pegram, R. G. & Clifford, C. M. & Walker, J. B. & Keirans, J. E." box="[871,1117,1927,1954]" pageId="237" pageNumber="238" pagination="3 - 26" refId="ref237162" refString="Pegram, R. G., Clifford, C. M., Walker, J. B. & Keirans, J. E. (1987 b) Clarification of the Rhipicephalus sanguineus group (Acari, Ixodoidea, Ixodidae). I. R. sulcatus Neumann, 1908 and Rhipicephalus turanicus Pomerantsev, 1936. Systematic Parasitology, 10, 3 - 26. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 00009099" type="journal article" year="1987">
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Pegram
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|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF04FF2FFC53F82066B8CCE6" box="[963,1019,1927,1953]" italics="true" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">et al.</emphasis>
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(1987b)
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</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF04FF2FFBF8F8206008CCE6" author="Walker, J. B. & Keirans, J. E. & Horak, I. G." box="[1128,1355,1927,1953]" pageId="237" pageNumber="238" refId="ref254360" refString="Walker, J. B., Keirans, J. E. & Horak, I. G. (2000) The genus Rhipicephalus (Acari: Ixodidae): a guide to the brown ticks of the world. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 643 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / CBO 9780511661754" type="book" year="2000">
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Walker
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|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF04FF2FFB2FF82061B4CCE6" box="[1215,1271,1927,1953]" italics="true" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">et al.</emphasis>
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(2000)
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</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF04FF2FFAC6F8206462CC82" author="Horak, I. G. & Heyne, H. & Williams, R. & Gallivan, G. J. & Spickett, A. & Bezuidenhout, J. D. & Estrada-Pena, A." pageId="237" pageNumber="238" refId="ref214046" refString="Horak, I. G., Heyne, H., Williams, R., Gallivan, G. J., Spickett, A., Bezuidenhout, J. D. & Estrada-Pena, A. (2018) The ixodid ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) of southern Africa. Springer, Cham, 676 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 319 - 70642 - 9" type="book" year="2018">
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Horak
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|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF04FF2FFF07F80C658CCC82" box="[151,207,1963,1989]" italics="true" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
(2018)
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|
</bibRefCitation>
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</paragraph>
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|
<paragraph id="485136C2FF04FF2FFF07F86866B6CCAE" blockId="237.[151,1436,1530,2026]" box="[151,1013,1999,2026]" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF04FF2FFF07F86865F6CCAE" bold="true" box="[151,181,1999,2025]" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">N:</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF04FF2FFF2CF8686745CCAD" author="Morel, P. C. & Vassiliades, G." box="[188,518,1999,2026]" pageId="237" pageNumber="238" pagination="343 - 386" refId="ref231670" refString="Morel, P. C. & Vassiliades, G. (1963) Les Rhipicephalus du groupe sanguineus: especes Africaines (Acariens: Ixodoidea). Revue d'Elevage et de Medecine Veterinaire des Pays Tropicaux, 15, 343 - 386. https: // doi. org / 10.19182 / remvt. 7132" type="journal article" year="1963">Morel and Vassiliades (1963)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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|
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF04FF2FFD82F868664ACCAD" author="Pegram, R. G. & Clifford, C. M. & Walker, J. B. & Keirans, J. E." box="[530,777,1999,2026]" pageId="237" pageNumber="238" pagination="3 - 26" refId="ref237162" refString="Pegram, R. G., Clifford, C. M., Walker, J. B. & Keirans, J. E. (1987 b) Clarification of the Rhipicephalus sanguineus group (Acari, Ixodoidea, Ixodidae). I. R. sulcatus Neumann, 1908 and Rhipicephalus turanicus Pomerantsev, 1936. Systematic Parasitology, 10, 3 - 26. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 00009099" type="journal article" year="1987">
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|
Pegram
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF04FF2FFDFFF86867E4CCAE" box="[623,679,1999,2025]" italics="true" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
(1987b)
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
,
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF04FF2FFC84F86866B6CCAE" author="Walker, J. B. & Keirans, J. E. & Horak, I. G." box="[788,1013,1999,2025]" pageId="237" pageNumber="238" refId="ref254360" refString="Walker, J. B., Keirans, J. E. & Horak, I. G. (2000) The genus Rhipicephalus (Acari: Ixodidae): a guide to the brown ticks of the world. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 643 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / CBO 9780511661754" type="book" year="2000">
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|
Walker
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF04FF2FFCFBF86866E0CCAE" box="[875,931,1999,2025]" italics="true" pageId="237" pageNumber="238">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
(2000)
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
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|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="485136C2FF07FF2CFF07FF3066B0CBF6" blockId="238.[151,1436,151,393]" box="[151,1011,151,178]" pageId="238" pageNumber="239">
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|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF07FF2CFF07FF3065F0CBF6" bold="true" box="[151,179,151,177]" pageId="238" pageNumber="239">L:</emphasis>
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|
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF07FF2CFF2AFF306746CBF5" author="Morel, P. C. & Vassiliades, G." box="[186,517,151,178]" pageId="238" pageNumber="239" pagination="343 - 386" refId="ref231670" refString="Morel, P. C. & Vassiliades, G. (1963) Les Rhipicephalus du groupe sanguineus: especes Africaines (Acariens: Ixodoidea). Revue d'Elevage et de Medecine Veterinaire des Pays Tropicaux, 15, 343 - 386. https: // doi. org / 10.19182 / remvt. 7132" type="journal article" year="1963">Morel and Vassiliades (1963)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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|
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF07FF2CFD81FF306644CBF5" author="Pegram, R. G. & Clifford, C. M. & Walker, J. B. & Keirans, J. E." box="[529,775,151,178]" pageId="238" pageNumber="239" pagination="3 - 26" refId="ref237162" refString="Pegram, R. G., Clifford, C. M., Walker, J. B. & Keirans, J. E. (1987 b) Clarification of the Rhipicephalus sanguineus group (Acari, Ixodoidea, Ixodidae). I. R. sulcatus Neumann, 1908 and Rhipicephalus turanicus Pomerantsev, 1936. Systematic Parasitology, 10, 3 - 26. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 00009099" type="journal article" year="1987">
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|
Pegram
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF07FF2CFDFDFF3067E6CBF6" box="[621,677,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="238" pageNumber="239">et al.</emphasis>
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|
(1987b)
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
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|
,
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF07FF2CFC82FF3066B0CBF6" author="Walker, J. B. & Keirans, J. E. & Horak, I. G." box="[786,1011,151,177]" pageId="238" pageNumber="239" refId="ref254360" refString="Walker, J. B., Keirans, J. E. & Horak, I. G. (2000) The genus Rhipicephalus (Acari: Ixodidae): a guide to the brown ticks of the world. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 643 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / CBO 9780511661754" type="book" year="2000">
|
|
Walker
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF07FF2CFCF9FF3066E1CBF6" box="[873,930,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="238" pageNumber="239">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
(2000)
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="485136C2FF07FF2CFF07FF1C6023CACE" blockId="238.[151,1436,151,393]" pageId="238" pageNumber="239">
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|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF07FF2CFF07FF1C659BCB92" bold="true" box="[151,216,187,213]" pageId="238" pageNumber="239">Note:</emphasis>
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|
the descriptions of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF07FF2CFE26FF1C66FCCB92" authority="in Walker et al. (2000)" authorityName="in Walker" authorityYear="2000" box="[438,959,187,213]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Rhipicephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="238" pageNumber="239" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sulcatus">
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF07FF2CFE26FF1C67FACB92" box="[438,697,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="238" pageNumber="239">Rhipicephalus sulcatus</emphasis>
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|
in
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF07FF2CFD4DFF1C66FCCB92" author="Walker, J. B. & Keirans, J. E. & Horak, I. G." box="[733,959,187,213]" pageId="238" pageNumber="239" refId="ref254360" refString="Walker, J. B., Keirans, J. E. & Horak, I. G. (2000) The genus Rhipicephalus (Acari: Ixodidae): a guide to the brown ticks of the world. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 643 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / CBO 9780511661754" type="book" year="2000">
|
|
Walker
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF07FF2CFCA4FF1C662ECB92" box="[820,877,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="238" pageNumber="239">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
(2000)
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
do not agree with those in
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF07FF2CFB60FF1C647CCBBD" author="Morel, P. C. & Vassiliades, G." pageId="238" pageNumber="239" pagination="343 - 386" refId="ref231670" refString="Morel, P. C. & Vassiliades, G. (1963) Les Rhipicephalus du groupe sanguineus: especes Africaines (Acariens: Ixodoidea). Revue d'Elevage et de Medecine Veterinaire des Pays Tropicaux, 15, 343 - 386. https: // doi. org / 10.19182 / remvt. 7132" type="journal article" year="1963">Morel and Vassiliades (1963)</bibRefCitation>
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because the former authors include characters of both
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF07FF2CFC2BFF786182CBBE" box="[955,1217,223,249]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Rhipicephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="238" pageNumber="239" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sulcatus">
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF07FF2CFC2BFF786182CBBE" box="[955,1217,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="238" pageNumber="239">Rhipicephalus sulcatus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF07FF2CFB6CFF786442CA5B" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Rhipicephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="238" pageNumber="239" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="turanicus">
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF07FF2CFB6CFF786442CA5B" italics="true" pageId="238" pageNumber="239">Rhipicephalus turanicus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, but
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF07FF2CFEA7FEA46756CA5A" author="Walker, J. B. & Keirans, J. E. & Horak, I. G." box="[311,533,259,285]" pageId="238" pageNumber="239" refId="ref254360" refString="Walker, J. B., Keirans, J. E. & Horak, I. G. (2000) The genus Rhipicephalus (Acari: Ixodidae): a guide to the brown ticks of the world. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 643 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / CBO 9780511661754" type="book" year="2000">
|
|
Walker
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF07FF2CFE1DFEA46486CA5A" box="[397,453,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="238" pageNumber="239">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
(2000)
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
are themselves confused concerning
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF07FF2CFC23FEA46180CA5B" box="[947,1219,259,285]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Rhipicephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="238" pageNumber="239" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="turanicus">
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF07FF2CFC23FEA46180CA5B" box="[947,1219,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="238" pageNumber="239">Rhipicephalus turanicus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(see
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF07FF2CFB6CFEA46442CA07" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Rhipicephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="238" pageNumber="239" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="turanicus">
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF07FF2CFB6CFEA46442CA07" italics="true" pageId="238" pageNumber="239">Rhipicephalus turanicus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
).
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF07FF2CFE8AFE8064BBCA06" author="Horak, I. G. & Heyne, H. & Williams, R. & Gallivan, G. J. & Spickett, A. & Bezuidenhout, J. D. & Estrada-Pena, A." box="[282,504,295,321]" pageId="238" pageNumber="239" refId="ref214046" refString="Horak, I. G., Heyne, H., Williams, R., Gallivan, G. J., Spickett, A., Bezuidenhout, J. D. & Estrada-Pena, A. (2018) The ixodid ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) of southern Africa. Springer, Cham, 676 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 319 - 70642 - 9" type="book" year="2018">
|
|
Horak
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF07FF2CFEFAFE8064E7CA06" box="[362,420,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="238" pageNumber="239">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
(2018)
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
also warn that
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF07FF2CFD3BFE8066F2CA06" box="[683,945,295,321]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Rhipicephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="238" pageNumber="239" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sulcatus">
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF07FF2CFD3BFE8066F2CA06" box="[683,945,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="238" pageNumber="239">Rhipicephalus sulcatus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
can easily be confused with alleged South African
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF07FF2CFF64FEEC674FCA23" box="[244,524,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="238" pageNumber="239">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF07FF2CFF64FEEC674BCA23" box="[244,520,331,357]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Rhipicephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="238" pageNumber="239" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="turanicus">Rhipicephalus turanicus</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
Therefore, the descriptions and redescriptions above should be considered provisional until further studies, including molecular genetic analyses, clarify the status of
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF07FF2CFBC5FEC86023CACE" box="[1109,1376,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="238" pageNumber="239">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF07FF2CFBC5FEC86018CACE" box="[1109,1371,367,393]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Rhipicephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="238" pageNumber="239" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sulcatus">Rhipicephalus sulcatus</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
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</document> |