329 lines
47 KiB
XML
329 lines
47 KiB
XML
<document id="0DBFBB006AC8B249B241CFAF4B1C7C92" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.394.6446" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8534078f-1f99-4b9e-866b-80609e341172" ID-PMC="PMC3978267" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-394-1" ID-PubMed="24715784" ID-ZooBank="32F5211696ED46C68BF9BE59C09F0B1A" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2014" ModsDocID="1313-2970-394-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 394" ModsDocTitle="A revision of the ant genus Mystrium in the Malagasy region with description of six new species and remarks on Amblyopone and Stigmatomma (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Amblyoponinae)" checkinTime="1451246058701" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Yoshimura, Masashi & Fisher, Brian L." docDate="2014" docId="A7A448112EB3C934479225CE4D208D14" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 394: 1-99" docOrigin="ZooKeys 394" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.394.6446" docTitle="Mystrium voeltzkowi Forel 1897" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="76" masterDocId="FF955F09FFA4FFC3FFC5FFA24014FFB0" masterDocTitle="A revision of the ant genus Mystrium in the Malagasy region with description of six new species and remarks on Amblyopone and Stigmatomma (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Amblyoponinae)" masterLastPageNumber="99" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="72" updateTime="1701316919487" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="2BCFFDE58C62AF2CE3FD56196F912F76">A revision of the ant genus Mystrium in the Malagasy region with description of six new species and remarks on Amblyopone and Stigmatomma (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Amblyoponinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="4D3E9542E05AB22DB6C77B4922F6BFF0">Yoshimura, Masashi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="60E4EE61B864C1F568AD54A1D54EF194">Fisher, Brian L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="B6A99C4191C8133D3DF3BAAAA721EBAC">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:identifier id="03BE585994DFB706C222B24E675E1A03" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.394.6446</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="A7A448112EB3C934479225CE4D208D14" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152052262" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A7A448112EB3C934479225CE4D208D14" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A7A448112EB3C934479225CE4D208D14" lastPageId="75" lastPageNumber="76" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
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<subSubSection id="551E31C9FA48F304C806AD01BD4A51FF" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="36C881D04BDA1F4E1C8E267AC5B4E1F6" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
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<taxonomicName id="A166820D0D37259136F58F3C767E2E76" ID-CoL="45FPY" LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Mystrium_voeltzkowi" authority="Forel, 1897" authorityName="Forel" authorityYear="1897" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Mystrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mystrium voeltzkowi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="voeltzkowi">Mystrium voeltzkowi Forel, 1897</taxonomicName>
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Figs 1B, 4B, 5A, 11B, 13B, 13D, 15, 16B, 19B, 20B, 20D, 20F, 24A, 27A, 27C, 37H, 38H, 39H, 40H, 41H, 50F, 51F, 52F, 53F, 54F, 55F, 56F
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="64CC812C039CB3D80183C046313CA0BC" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="A3D7E3C2E48C8896BF195B4A38EAB9E0" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
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<taxonomicName id="D8278E37FA0167B8DAFD75114B9B76D6" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Mystrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mystrium voeltzkowi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="voeltzkowi">Mystrium voeltzkowi</taxonomicName>
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Forel, 1897. MADAGASCAR. Syntypes: four workers were confirmed, one male [lectotype is designated below].
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="88890118B375B9144F18F61B71FEE762" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
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<taxonomicName id="1EDA4C460A37EF82B35488BAF417D7E3" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Mystrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mystrium fallax" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fallax">Mystrium fallax</taxonomicName>
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Forel, 1897. syn n. [lectotype is designated below].
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="59BCBD09B8149172739306F31DCE8C4C" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
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<taxonomicName id="D4037AFCAAF3C98C9DCD5DB36ADA71B6" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Mystrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mystrium fallax" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fallax">Mystrium fallax</taxonomicName>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="76CC70C9DA68AC6FBD64E250DF389385" author="Brown, WL" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="143 - 230" title="Contributions toward a reclassification of the Formicidae. III. Tribe Amblyoponini (Hymenoptera)." volume="122" year="1960">Brown 1960</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EB4F1DB8E437A07C78B3576A9101E11C" author="Menozzi, C" journalOrPublisher="Zoologischer Anzeiger" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="518 - 536" title="Revisione delle formiche del genere Mystrium Roger." volume="82" year="1929">Menozzi 1929</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="61662D1714D094B7E5CB1E15A8C2912A" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
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<taxonomicName id="3FBFF06DC0BCF3C1CB6350605D422F8E" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Mystrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mystrium voeltzkowi subsp. fallax" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="voeltzkowi" subSpecies="fallax">Mystrium voeltzkowi fallax</taxonomicName>
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: Emery 1911.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="92D1199013FC7FDD4301C226AFBF22C4" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" type="lectotype of mystrium voeltzkowi">
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<paragraph id="4F73517DBC60850F71532540ED9BB5F2" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
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Lectotype of
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<taxonomicName id="BE38891013D10E5149BDCE003C7FF483" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Mystrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mystrium voeltzkowi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="voeltzkowi">Mystrium voeltzkowi</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A4752090AF8E0AD7921CD501B5F6E453" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
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[here designated]. Worker: CASENT0101952 (the specimen on the bottom side with open mandible out of the two workers on the same pin), MADAGASCAR,
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<normalizedToken id="7171E96DB45C68EFCCAC5B037CFBE8AB" originalValue="Nossi-Bé">Nossi-Be</normalizedToken>
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(Nosy Be), Voeltzkow [MHNG: examined].
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="FFF84307795990649BBD9354D775EB78" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" type="lectotype of mystrium fallax">
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<paragraph id="6A811275B7A5A7C16686B5F64BD96E98" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
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<pageBreakToken id="79E281D5A9A75037235565A25361F4D1" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" start="start">Lectotype</pageBreakToken>
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of
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<taxonomicName id="B1D4F9F49C68A72A4A913FF14F0D5E41" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Mystrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mystrium fallax" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fallax">Mystrium fallax</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="DC8B26229DC460BDBBF31ED3347EFA10" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
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[here designated]. Ergatoid queen: CASENT0101995, MADAGASCAR,
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<normalizedToken id="D2A7B7578EE431CF7FEC7F1DF2FA3FF4" originalValue="Nossi-Bé">Nossi-Be</normalizedToken>
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(Nosy Be), Voeltzkow [MHNG: same data with lectotype of
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<taxonomicName id="DEEF85AD3262FE969C7EEB57EF468921" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Mystrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mystrium voeltzkowi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="voeltzkowi">Mystrium voeltzkowi</taxonomicName>
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, examined].
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="5D959F3BB39971AEE7AFF8CEF4A77A47" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" type="worker">
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<paragraph id="C766F2F03A541434E8DCA53C8ED0ED17" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Worker.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9AF9086C3BDB288A11CE3C1CA4844850" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Description. Measurements: lectotype. HL 2.08, HW 2.12, SL 1.63, ML 2.67, HD 1.35, WL 2.58, PnW 1.17, PpW 1.00, PtW 0.97, PtL 0.66, CI 102.0, SI 76.9, MI 125.8, PpI 84.9, PtI 147.6.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="FBA735993D9E4A50E38C587F023B70C9" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">HL 1.45-2.15, HW 1.41-2.26, SL 1.05-1.65, ML 1.47-2.72, HD 0.96-1.46, WL 1.72-2.68, PnW 0.80-1.20, PpW 0.69-1.09, PtW 0.70-1.03, PtL 0.46-0.67, CI 96.6-104.7, SI 71.7-80.1, MI 104.0-125.7, PpI 86.2-91.0, PtI 141.7-164.6 (9 specimens measured).</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="EB4EFB5544EE7E88DE55437769B3EE09" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
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Posterolateral corner of head strongly expanding posteriorly. Posterior face of vertex forming blunt angle with dorsal face on median line of the head, so that declivity of vertex on lateral part distinctly steeper than on median part. Ventral half of vertex sculptured. Eye moderately small. Anterior margin of clypeus straight to weakly convex with moderately long conical setae. Genal tooth of head moderately developed, reaching about half of lateral lobe of clypeus. Masticatory surface of mandible in full-face view visible on basal half and invisible on distal half, width of dorsal surface of mandible almost identical from mandibular shaft to distal portion. Second maxillary palpomere longer than third. First flagellomere (third antennal segment) about 1.0
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<normalizedToken id="57E128FAB0BE41B7CFF650055FB5E20A" originalValue="–1.3×">-1.3x</normalizedToken>
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length of pedicel (second antennal segment). Pronotal dorsum covered with strong to weak longitudinal striae often waved and irregular, but median stria always deeply, straightly and clearly impressed. Shallow, fine longitudinal striae irregularly impressed on lateral surface of pronotum. Mesonotum not differentiated from propodeum in dorsal view in small individuals but differentiated in large individuals, its length shorter than that of propodeum. Metanotal groove indistinct in small individuals and shallowly and gently impressed in large individuals; mesonotum higher than pronotum in lateral view. Metapleural gland bulla strongly developed, so that propodeal declivity in lateral view convex posteriorly on ventral side. Petiole widened on posterior 1/4-1/2, gently narrowed anteriorly in dorsal view, anterior margin straight to gently rounded and not edged by striae.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="BDC814E6E7A8CFCEADD50BDFECFD895D" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Body color reddish brown to black. Four distal segments of antennal club brighter.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="9B19974B22D7A39C068A546C59F3348F" lastPageId="73" lastPageNumber="74" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" type="ergatoid queen">
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<paragraph id="254DBD575C4C35ABE961151BBB274532" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Ergatoid queen.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="97103DAC3423E6654282CCF0334B5175" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Description. Measurements: HL 1.18-1.59, HW 1.12-1.63, SL 0.88-1.35, ML 1.13-1.64, HD 0.82-1.13, WL 1.56-2.34, PnW 0.70-0.99, PpW 0.70-1.14, PtW 0.68-0.95, PtL 0.38-0.57, CI 95.2-106.4, SI 76.1-85.7, MI 93.1-108.7, PpI 97.1-115.9, PtI 161.8-186.9 (10 specimens measured).</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="EFF347810B44496D1854E108B8053B9C" lastPageId="73" lastPageNumber="74" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
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Wings absent or vestigial and reduced to quite small appendages. Wing sclerites undeveloped. Posterolateral corner of head gently expanding posteriorly, expansion distinctly weaker than that in workers. Vertex usually thin, forming blunt angle between dorsal and posterior faces on median line of head, so that declivity of vertex on lateral part distinctly steeper than median part. Ventral half of vertex sculptured, not differentiated from dorsal region. Eye small but distinct. Ocelli absent. Anterior margin of clypeus straight to weakly convex with short conical setae. Genal tooth of head absent, usually even not angular, but angular in smallest individuals. Masticatory margin of mandible almost invisible in full-face view, dorsal surface on distal portion
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<pageBreakToken id="036A833E63D02131BFAE25FE713A38FE" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" start="start">as</pageBreakToken>
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wide as that on mandibular shaft. Spatulate seta present on basal side of each basal denticle on masticatory margin of mandible. First flagellomere (third antennal segment) moderately long, about 1.1
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<normalizedToken id="0A69D2318F295611B73A497FDC654BE0" originalValue="–1.2×">-1.2x</normalizedToken>
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length of pedicel (second antennal segment). Setae on pronotum almost simple, narrowing distally with strongly sharpened apex. Metapleural gland bulla extremely developed and expanding dorsally to propodeal spiracle, so that propodeal declivity in lateral view strongly convex posteriorly on ventral 2/3. Petiole relatively long in dorsal view, about 0.5
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<normalizedToken id="7CC052C402EC37CC5953B851B38694B9" originalValue="–0.8×">-0.8x</normalizedToken>
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length of abdominal segment III.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7F7BB3EE808CB4A3CA4BD0ABC1CEE19F" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Body color brown to reddish brown.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="4024D685E8362BF2A4604B2E3ED9955B" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="male">
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<paragraph id="8473DBF4B1D3E1611670AB561A4BC3A5" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Male.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="DA505B1EBEF4D3362056C751C60BE2DF" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Description. Measurements: HL 1.27, HW 1.87, SL 0.42, EL 0.91, WL 2.97, MnW 1.72, CI 146.9, SI 22.2, EI 71.4, MnI 92.0 (1 specimen from original type series measured).</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D602D79048E5A3B2E27A25BFD483243C" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
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Eye quite large, occupying about 0.75
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<normalizedToken id="45687066B170BC04E4A65BA82B853E94" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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head length. Ocelli protruding from dorsal margin of head in full-face view. Dorsal margin of head in full-face view rounded. Both anterior and lateral ocelli large. Distance between lateral ocellus and eye equal to or shorter than diameter of lateral ocellus. Posterior half of vertex clearly differentiated from dorsal half, dorsal face distinctly shorter than posterior face. Palpal formula 4,3. First maxillary palpomere flattened and distinctly wider than second segment. Second maxillary palpomere longer than third. Notauli shallowly and weakly impressed on mesoscutum, but often unclear. Petiole in dorsal view thin, length 0.55
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<normalizedToken id="461BB002967B8D189A349CB951902FDE" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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that of abdominal tergite III. Petiolar dorsum covered with shallow, irregular punctures. Abdominal tergum VIII without deep punctures, almost smooth.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="EA5C7A1B65DAD4278A4646095BA73140" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Distal portion of abdominal sternum IX smooth and not punctured. Basal ring moderately long, gently expanding basally. Telomere distinctly extending distally farther than digitus. Basoventral expansion of aedeagus well developed basoventrally, distinctly longer than dorsal extension. Ventral margin of the aedeagus gently curved ventrally in lateral view. Aedeagus distinctly narrowing distally on distal half and apex rounded.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F6AE583D6B0E281B76C0FE1A5F667FCE" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">On forewing, cu-a located far basal from junction of Media (M) and Cubitus (Cu).</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="5F5AA75B50D05D820A67EA64089D09CB" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Body color yellowish to reddish brown.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C62A78D47D8DA70DDF3C2D37AD71755A" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="B74FDBE59CC3958E51FCFA77F025FAA1" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E01F826266F65D679999AC9779609430" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">MADAGASCAR and MAYOTTE: as in Figure 56F.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A47A45417F8CA51BDFDB5FF612E746F0" lastPageId="74" lastPageNumber="75" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="additional material examined">
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<paragraph id="27F42600CDA349E8103D518827D28EAD" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Additional material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1F9EA9D3F4DCC77951FA7DD1EF263C2E" lastPageId="74" lastPageNumber="75" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
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In addition to the type material, specimens from the following localities were examined in this study: MADAGASCAR. Antsiranana.
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<normalizedToken id="14A3B5D86252A40927709E51BF72311A" originalValue="Réserve">Reserve</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken id="E3B13959F5C8AF0993D464FA6DF54263" originalValue="Spéciale">Speciale</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken id="9265E0D13C43892BF7A98D702FC0907C" originalValue="d’Ambre">d'Ambre</normalizedToken>
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, 3.5 km 235° SW Sakaramy (-12.46889°, 49.24217°), tropical dry forest, 325 m alt.; Parc National Montagne
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<normalizedToken id="F797A1E9C8AB301CB0FBCE6BD9A61680" originalValue="d’Ambre">d'Ambre</normalizedToken>
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, 3.6 km 235° SW Joffreville (-12.53444°, 49.1795°), montane rainforest, 925 m alt.;
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<normalizedToken id="BDC383FDDA59E4FA0BCCC2BF5D683913" originalValue="Réserve">Reserve</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken id="64B5E141AEF065369278B8CF5BECE83C" originalValue="Spéciale">Speciale</normalizedToken>
|
||
de
|
||
<normalizedToken id="3DE783C54632688D7B458453F3EC14C2" originalValue="l’Ankarana">l'Ankarana</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 13.6 km 192° SSW Anivorano Nord (-12.86361°, 49.22583°), tropical dry forest, 210 m alt.; 22.9 km 224° SW Anivorano Nord (-12.90889°, 49.10983°), tropical dry forest, 80 m alt.;
|
||
<normalizedToken id="788D3B3CFCC2D11AE8338F73D2108625" originalValue="Forêt">Foret</normalizedToken>
|
||
<normalizedToken id="925EC8ABA2E03A73EDF8A837C7865E2E" originalValue="d’Ampondrabe">d'Ampondrabe</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 26.3 km 10° NNE Daraina (-12.97°, 49.7°), tropical dry forest, 175 m alt.;
|
||
<normalizedToken id="C2083CD9F414D4E5973247486C06D708" originalValue="Forêt">Foret</normalizedToken>
|
||
<normalizedToken id="305F26A294D3B9B758D04D08905008FA" originalValue="d’Analabe">d'Analabe</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 30.0 km 72° ENE Daraina (-13.08333°, 49.90833°), littoral rainforest, 30 m alt.;
|
||
<normalizedToken id="153C2E15FB0E258AACA871FC8618C4AB" originalValue="Forêt">Foret</normalizedToken>
|
||
<normalizedToken id="0D14F969E6C245CFC747E78A826ECF01" originalValue="d’">d'</normalizedToken>
|
||
Andavakoera, 21.4 km 75° ENE Ambilobe; 4.6 km 356° N Betsiaka (-13.11833°, 49.23°), rainforest, 425 m alt.;
|
||
<normalizedToken id="3C3B78C74F7286489DF8E6119F8F0B8C" originalValue="Forêt">Foret</normalizedToken>
|
||
de Bekaraoka, 6.8 km 60° ENE Daraina (-13.16667°, 49.71°), tropical dry forest, 150 m alt.;
|
||
<normalizedToken id="14E7F5E4EB978BA2B1F125484337628E" originalValue="Forêt">Foret</normalizedToken>
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="AC307D01957CC96B69291255E7EF1A8F" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" start="start">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="D4DA8477B70A482655C57BFFEE5D6F93" originalValue="d’">d'</normalizedToken>
|
||
</pageBreakToken>
|
||
Antsahabe, 11.4 km 275° W Daraina (-13.21167°, 49.55667°), tropical dry forest, 550 m alt.; Nosy Be,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="0FCAB0771D57D77762012429BB63459A" originalValue="Réserve">Reserve</normalizedToken>
|
||
Naturelle
|
||
<normalizedToken id="DB7A873BAD100E6C8DFB60440FC6D5D4" originalValue="Intégrale">Integrale</normalizedToken>
|
||
de Lokobe, 6.3 km 112° ESE Hellville (-13.41933°, 48.33117°), rainforest, 30 m alt.;
|
||
<normalizedToken id="7282585F790CEBF7E1DB7F0D4631C5FF" originalValue="Forêt">Foret</normalizedToken>
|
||
<normalizedToken id="62D4CB8E8C9A5821F6D67A88560FC344" originalValue="d’Anabohazo">d'Anabohazo</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 21.6 km 247° WSW Maromandia (-14.30889°, 47.91433°), tropical dry forest, 120 m alt.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4EE7A54D01D15005F83070E0028DCA0D" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">MAYOTTE. Mt. Combani (-12.8°, 45.13333°), forest litter, 420 m alt.; (-12.80486°, 45.15266°), rainforest, 460 m alt.; (-12.80632°, 45.15314°), rainforest, 370 m alt.; Dapani (-12.96279°, 45.15037°), rainforest, 135 m alt.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="298A01B8F791C64A5C5B8DF4A827D79C" lastPageId="75" lastPageNumber="76" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph id="9CF05349B4BDE35EDD390CA1DB6CFF66" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3AD673E4BA48830B4DD01DB3F349C2BA" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
|
||
The worker of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1DDD2B37772336CC29CDEBCE157FAB31" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Mystrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mystrium voeltzkowi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="voeltzkowi">Mystrium voeltzkowi</taxonomicName>
|
||
is distinguished from other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DC4E29B614328A94603D66135A6C3504" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Mystrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mystrium" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Mystrium</taxonomicName>
|
||
workers by the combination of the following characters: the vertex forming a blunt angle between posterior and dorsal faces on the median line of the head (Fig. 16B), small compound eye (Fig. 20D), the genal tooth of the head reaching to half of the lateral lobe of the clypeus (Fig. 20B), and a medial pair of conical setae on the clypeus that is smaller than adjacent pair (Fig. 19B). In addition, the characters of a central longitudinal furrow on the pronotal dorsum (Fig. 13B) but without deep, stout striae impressed on dorsal and lateral surface of pronotum, and the posterior declivity of the propodeum convex posteriorly on the ventral half (Fig. 20F), so that the margin is somewhat rounded in lateral view, are also useful. The workers of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0615B9DFAFFF974C53456AADAC20E57F" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Mystrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mystrium mirror" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mirror">Mystrium mirror</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6378834B3268706A7B15E9AAC7D90AF3" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Mystrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mystrium shadow" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shadow">Mystrium shadow</taxonomicName>
|
||
are quite similar to those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="89847C999D38598FE105BD35E701B34E" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Mystrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mystrium voeltzkowi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="voeltzkowi">Mystrium voeltzkowi</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and the differences among the three species in workers are even slighter in small-sized individuals. When the comparison is made in workers within the same body size range,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9920692AFEBEF146E7EF3417D495A63A" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Mystrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mystrium voeltzkowi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="voeltzkowi">Mystrium voeltzkowi</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DE57FB46B49BDD316B88B9574056FD5" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Mystrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mystrium shadow" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shadow">Mystrium shadow</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the small central clypeal conical setae (Fig. 19B), and from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="419F16A3A2ACC90FDA0DD5A0FE8AC8FF" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Mystrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mystrium mirror" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mirror">Mystrium mirror</taxonomicName>
|
||
by either a rounded declivity of the propodeum (Fig. 20F) or smaller compound eye (Fig. 20D). The queen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4987735646A23864725808517BEAEA39" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Mystrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mystrium voeltzkowi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="voeltzkowi">Mystrium voeltzkowi</taxonomicName>
|
||
is easily distinguished from the other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="922D1928C7370DD282E533CA3BB49616" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Mystrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mystrium" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Mystrium</taxonomicName>
|
||
queens by the mesosoma without developed wing sclerites (ergatoid: as in Fig. 25C), the developed metanotal gland bulla expanding dorsally to the propodeal spiracle (Fig. 24A), and the brighter body color. Among males, only genital characters distinguish
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BF1A35546A177F0FF73A1B5853F2E849" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Mystrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mystrium voeltzkowi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="voeltzkowi">Mystrium voeltzkowi</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="132404A611DC8FBB33AAAEF66A48363A" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Mystrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mystrium mirror" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mirror">Mystrium mirror</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Fig. 27).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A6765009AA48DBA1C61522204C908E3A" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
|
||
The male of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6F4C5CDF5E79BE140BDD9CF81DE0A246" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Mystrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mystrium voeltzkowi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="voeltzkowi">Mystrium voeltzkowi</taxonomicName>
|
||
was described with conspecific workers from the same colony in the original description (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3266EE35FE0C435C8211C4C21D0E2B5E" author="Forel, A" journalOrPublisher="Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="185 - 208" title="Ameisen aus Nossi-Be, Majunga, Juan de Nova (Madagaskar), den Aldabra-Inseln und Sansibar, gesammelt von Herrn Dr. A. Voeltzkow aus Berlin. Mit einem Anhang ueber die von Herrn Privatdocenten Dr. A. Brauer in Marburg auf den Seychellen und von Herrn Perrot auf Ste. Marie (Madagaskar) gesammelten Ameisen." volume="21" year="1897">Forel 1897</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). We confirmed one male in the Forel collection in MHNG; its pin has the same collection label as the other syntypes. This is the only reliable male description in all previous male descriptions of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B02733C636399139B4CD98B249A31272" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Mystrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mystrium" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Mystrium</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A373C3D483DCB37602CA60106C3DEBE1" lastPageId="75" lastPageNumber="76" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6739FCD6037CF996AA28A6AE4771928C" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Mystrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mystrium fallax" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fallax">Mystrium fallax</taxonomicName>
|
||
Forel, 1897 is synonymized with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57B06BF8843A5290D36284B3F617EF7F" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Mystrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mystrium voeltzkowi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="voeltzkowi">Mystrium voeltzkowi</taxonomicName>
|
||
in this study.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4451156E82C153A18F84AEB8BC0D3B2E" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Mystrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mystrium fallax" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fallax">Mystrium fallax</taxonomicName>
|
||
was apparently described by a simple mistake. According to the original description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="877DBBA3F11DD731FE850B41CE704542" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Mystrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mystrium voeltzkowi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="voeltzkowi">Mystrium voeltzkowi</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="98D7822DF09260D112E5CA7AD8468FFF" author="Forel, A" journalOrPublisher="Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="185 - 208" title="Ameisen aus Nossi-Be, Majunga, Juan de Nova (Madagaskar), den Aldabra-Inseln und Sansibar, gesammelt von Herrn Dr. A. Voeltzkow aus Berlin. Mit einem Anhang ueber die von Herrn Privatdocenten Dr. A. Brauer in Marburg auf den Seychellen und von Herrn Perrot auf Ste. Marie (Madagaskar) gesammelten Ameisen." volume="21" year="1897">Forel (1897)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, he received a vial containing workers, two other reddish individuals, and males which were collected in
|
||
<normalizedToken id="9CEF280E17B0DE21FA99AF66BD909EBA" originalValue="Nossi-Bé">Nossi-Be</normalizedToken>
|
||
by Dr. Voeltzkow. When
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2F5889A3E25CB341A7743D5A409C4C3A" author="Forel, A" journalOrPublisher="Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="185 - 208" title="Ameisen aus Nossi-Be, Majunga, Juan de Nova (Madagaskar), den Aldabra-Inseln und Sansibar, gesammelt von Herrn Dr. A. Voeltzkow aus Berlin. Mit einem Anhang ueber die von Herrn Privatdocenten Dr. A. Brauer in Marburg auf den Seychellen und von Herrn Perrot auf Ste. Marie (Madagaskar) gesammelten Ameisen." volume="21" year="1897">Forel (1897)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described the worker and male as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48116145746C459ADC4EE910771F82E7" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Mystrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mystrium voeltzkowi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="voeltzkowi">Mystrium voeltzkowi</taxonomicName>
|
||
, he tentatively regarded the two reddish individuals in the same vial as a different species due to the distinct differences in their appearance (as Figs 50F vs. 53F), and named these specimens
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A6A46B6B8F15847FF01293C3CC1BF937" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Mystrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mystrium fallax" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fallax">Mystrium fallax</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Forel doubted that the two small reddish individuals belonged to the same colony as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A47191DD48AA0C680A4447AB98FD9C4D" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Mystrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mystrium voeltzkowi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="voeltzkowi">Mystrium voeltzkowi</taxonomicName>
|
||
; and later
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6375E6EB44194A00ABEA897BBE408184" author="Menozzi, C" journalOrPublisher="Zoologischer Anzeiger" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="518 - 536" title="Revisione delle formiche del genere Mystrium Roger." volume="82" year="1929">Menozzi (1929)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
even determined these to be a species distinct from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B9DE10671F6E2D97BB5A3F21BBD0C84E" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Mystrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mystrium voeltzkowi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="voeltzkowi">Mystrium voeltzkowi</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However, the type specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6B55996CD757DEA7603C03D9E8E0EA9F" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Mystrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mystrium fallax" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fallax">Mystrium fallax</taxonomicName>
|
||
were probably
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="84FB87FA448D9C6F24C0E691903A48F8" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" start="start">from</pageBreakToken>
|
||
the same colony of types of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F115D3691843389E1107CFA7F5F9FEF6" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Mystrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mystrium voeltzkowi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="voeltzkowi">Mystrium voeltzkowi</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The mistake was due to the remarkable polymorphism in this species. Once the original descriptions of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="977598ADFC77D91AB5C50AF58BBE4D86" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Mystrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mystrium fallax" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fallax">Mystrium fallax</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9F91296CBD43EDD05B10B337D859279F" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Mystrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mystrium voeltzkowi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="voeltzkowi">Mystrium voeltzkowi</taxonomicName>
|
||
were published, the association between the large black worker (Fig. 50F) and the small reddish individuals (Fig. 53F) was not clarified for more than 110 years. Now accumulated material clearly shows the small reddish individuals are conspecific with the black large worker, and an ecological study (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A94D52F0A02087A4C868FBBFD7E4AE98" author="Molet, M" journalOrPublisher="Naturwissenschaften" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="280 - 287" title="Winged queens replaced by reproductives smaller than workers in Mystrium ants." url="10.1007/s00114-006-0190-2" volume="94" year="2007 a">Molet et al. 2007a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) revealed these small reddish individuals are ergatoid queens of this strange species (Fig. 1B).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="117D79E34E187D675AEF9582D950AB10" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
|
||
The distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="971D67E7F5EF0BF05EDCAC751E694F6B" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Mystrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mystrium voeltzkowi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="voeltzkowi">Mystrium voeltzkowi</taxonomicName>
|
||
is limited to Mayotte and the northern part of Madagascar (Fig. 56F). The collection localities of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F630E7FD8B45DE3EE1173A41C350D0DF" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Mystrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mystrium mirror" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mirror">Mystrium mirror</taxonomicName>
|
||
are in tropical dry forest, gallery forest, and spiny forest (Fig. 56C), while those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4D688EC447A2AAB46E17AB48B264A418" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Mystrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mystrium voeltzkowi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="voeltzkowi">Mystrium voeltzkowi</taxonomicName>
|
||
are in tropical dry forest, montane rainforest, littoral rainforest, and rainforest (Fig. 56F). The distinct development of the metapleural grand bulla observed in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="636B4B85D27FD26472E31303A9A16A75" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Mystrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mystrium voeltzkowi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="voeltzkowi">Mystrium voeltzkowi</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Figs 20F, 24A) may be related to its nesting environment, which has higher moisture levels and requires stricter control of fungi.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="20E09F1FB53DAF7435596CAE9674DCCB" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
|
||
The reference to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D42495BA00137F90989CA54DCD0440CE" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Mystrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mystrium voeltzkowi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="voeltzkowi">Mystrium voeltzkowi</taxonomicName>
|
||
in recent molecular phylogenetic studies (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13B4E05544EF177922B86BFFDFE835FC" author="Brady, SG" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="18172 - 18177" title="Evaluating alternative hypotheses for the early evolution and diversification of ants." url="10.1073/pnas.0605858103" volume="103" year="2006">Brady et al. 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5451AB284D4ECC9DF88505AF1D5DE72E" author="Kueck, P" journalOrPublisher="PLoS ONE" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="e 21031 - 6" title="Improved phylogenetic analyses corroborate a plausible position of Martialis heureka in the ant tree of life." url="10.1371/journal.pone.0021031" year="2011">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="F8C4EB2E38024E7EAAEE69AF331FC073" originalValue="Kück">Kueck</normalizedToken>
|
||
et al. 2011
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="87D40DDA300141CEC4A9A10DF6E7EDAC" author="Moreau, CS" journalOrPublisher="Evolution" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="2240 - 2257" title="Testing the museum versus cradle tropical biological diversity hypothesis: phylogeny, diversification, and ancestral biogeographic range evolution of the ants." url="10.1111/evo.12105" volume="67" year="2013">Moreau and Bell 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="59B23285ABEE0405BEE6E7E2D86472E0" author="Ouellette, GD" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" pagination="359 - 369" title="Molecular systematics of basal subfamilies of ants using 28 S rRNA (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)." url="10.1016/j.ympev.2006.03.017" volume="40" year="2006">Ouellette et al. 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DE40909AECBD243A4888CABB339F5D9B" author="Saux, C" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" pagination="457 - 468" title="Dracula ant phylogeny as inferred by nuclear 28 S rDNA sequences and implications for ant systematics (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Amblyoponinae)." url="10.1016/j.ympev.2004.06.017" volume="33" year="2004">Saux et al. 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and ecological studies (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C99BD88B1E833B57D314C3DFC54797EB" author="Molet, M" journalOrPublisher="Biological journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="198 - 207" title="Shift from independent to dependent colony foundation and evolution of ' multi-purpose' ergatoid queens in Mystrium ants (subfamily Amblyoponinae)." url="10.1111/j.1095-8312.2009.01257.x" volume="98" year="2009">Molet et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="83526D527558853606250E9F586BBA87" author="Molet, M" journalOrPublisher="Naturwissenschaften" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="280 - 287" title="Winged queens replaced by reproductives smaller than workers in Mystrium ants." url="10.1007/s00114-006-0190-2" volume="94" year="2007 a">Molet et al. 2007a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) need to be reassessed. Material identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABBB88CD8DE3FFB7597E8FFA8D58AACF" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Mystrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mystrium voeltzkowi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="voeltzkowi">Mystrium voeltzkowi</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E80367E64BDDBAEB984F6D9268FDF861" author="Saux, C" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" pagination="457 - 468" title="Dracula ant phylogeny as inferred by nuclear 28 S rDNA sequences and implications for ant systematics (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Amblyoponinae)." url="10.1016/j.ympev.2004.06.017" volume="33" year="2004">Saux et al. (2004)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
are confirmed here.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09EB1B979B89C75302B28FFBB1B5073E" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Mystrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mystrium mysticum" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mysticum">Mystrium mysticum</taxonomicName>
|
||
material in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E83DDBBEBB186F2D02588D545E8C538B" author="Brady, SG" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="18172 - 18177" title="Evaluating alternative hypotheses for the early evolution and diversification of ants." url="10.1073/pnas.0605858103" volume="103" year="2006">Brady et al. (2006)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7CF4F8C6F10AA7DFA76BB93D9DF65BD9" author="Ouellette, GD" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" pagination="359 - 369" title="Molecular systematics of basal subfamilies of ants using 28 S rRNA (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)." url="10.1016/j.ympev.2006.03.017" volume="40" year="2006">Ouellette et al. (2006)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1E1CC921D47DE86F62A6571D38F9FF0F" author="Kueck, P" journalOrPublisher="PLoS ONE" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="e 21031 - 6" title="Improved phylogenetic analyses corroborate a plausible position of Martialis heureka in the ant tree of life." url="10.1371/journal.pone.0021031" year="2011">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="05580A8184187649BE9443D1E34EBE21" originalValue="Kück">Kueck</normalizedToken>
|
||
et al. (2011)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E65B2F9F8C76D210B19C2BBF57D15AE2" author="Moreau, CS" journalOrPublisher="Evolution" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="2240 - 2257" title="Testing the museum versus cradle tropical biological diversity hypothesis: phylogeny, diversification, and ancestral biogeographic range evolution of the ants." url="10.1111/evo.12105" volume="67" year="2013">Moreau and Bell (2013)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
is actually
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A23E978DAB1557C3B239EB3DECFC77DC" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Mystrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mystrium voeltzkowi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="voeltzkowi">Mystrium voeltzkowi</taxonomicName>
|
||
. This complicated species also has been represented by species codes as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D72A83B089C75212D27540464BC95001" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Mystrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mystrium" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Mystrium</taxonomicName>
|
||
<normalizedToken id="380F7EF0BD50586D704494F64033224A" originalValue="‘red’">'red'</normalizedToken>
|
||
in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B90D0D114B64ABD3113769B4AF4DFCFE" author="Molet, M" journalOrPublisher="Biological journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="198 - 207" title="Shift from independent to dependent colony foundation and evolution of ' multi-purpose' ergatoid queens in Mystrium ants (subfamily Amblyoponinae)." url="10.1111/j.1095-8312.2009.01257.x" volume="98" year="2009">Molet et al. (2009)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="23BCEEA0E94995098571AB75B6D61AF4" author="Molet, M" journalOrPublisher="Naturwissenschaften" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="280 - 287" title="Winged queens replaced by reproductives smaller than workers in Mystrium ants." url="10.1007/s00114-006-0190-2" volume="94" year="2007 a">Molet et al. (2007a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="ED07FAA8F05B68D720720FCC1CCEACD5" author="Molet, M" journalOrPublisher="American Naturalist" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="328 - 341" title="Evolution of novel mosaic castes in ants: modularity, phenotypic plasticity, and colonial buffering." url="10.1086/667368" volume="180" year="2012">Molet et al. (2012)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="24821714D3073384E06035E32D100F51" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Mystrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mystrium" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Mystrium</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp.2 in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="16051D92F5370594E7F82AB2BFB6C758" author="Saux, C" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" pagination="457 - 468" title="Dracula ant phylogeny as inferred by nuclear 28 S rDNA sequences and implications for ant systematics (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Amblyoponinae)." url="10.1016/j.ympev.2004.06.017" volume="33" year="2004">Saux et al. (2004)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, and as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="23D53C7FD73080FA306F893BBD573938" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Mystrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mystrium" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Mystrium</taxonomicName>
|
||
mysticum2 in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CD8EB5AF04734D53CA995F1471B99545" author="Ouellette, GD" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" pagination="359 - 369" title="Molecular systematics of basal subfamilies of ants using 28 S rRNA (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)." url="10.1016/j.ympev.2006.03.017" volume="40" year="2006">Ouellette et al. (2006)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. These complications represent the typical difficulty of species-level identification in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="78B81803AB856044E433925031FD8716" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Mystrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mystrium" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Mystrium</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |