137 lines
14 KiB
XML
137 lines
14 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.421.6664" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f73c2338-91af-4022-a3ab-abf9597cba07" ID-PMC="PMC4109474" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-421-139" ID-PubMed="25061383" ID-ZBK="E09C5A85664A4305B82B45B960595BA1" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2014" ModsDocID="1313-2970-421-139" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 421" ModsDocTitle="A revision of the genus Protorthodes McDunnough with descriptions of a new genus and four new species (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Noctuinae, Eriopygini)" checkinTime="1451245671329" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Lafontaine, J. Donald, Walsh, J. Bruce & Ferris, Clifford D." docDate="2014" docId="8FA021DE479AD6D538830C6783A8539D" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 421: 139-179" docOrigin="ZooKeys 421" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.421.6664" docTitle="Protorthodes texicana Lafontaine, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="AB0E914C-193A-483D-9561-170B352D9062" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="150" masterDocId="FF925120D417AD5C7D46FF84ED57FF9A" masterDocTitle="A revision of the genus Protorthodes McDunnough with descriptions of a new genus and four new species (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Noctuinae, Eriopygini)" masterLastPageNumber="179" masterPageNumber="139" pageNumber="148" updateTime="1668158781378" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A revision of the genus Protorthodes McDunnough with descriptions of a new genus and four new species (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Noctuinae, Eriopygini)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Lafontaine, J. Donald</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Walsh, J. Bruce</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Ferris, Clifford D.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2014</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>421</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>139</mods:start>
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<mods:end>179</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.421.6664</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.421.6664</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-421-139</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">E09C5A85664A4305B82B45B960595BA1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">E09C5A85664A4305B82B45B960595BA1</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152053858" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:AB0E914C-193A-483D-9561-170B352D9062" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/8FA021DE479AD6D538830C6783A8539D" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="150" pageId="9" pageNumber="148">
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<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="148" type="multiple">
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="148">Taxon classification Animalia Lepidoptera Noctuidae</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="148" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="148">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/AB0E914C-193A-483D-9561-170B352D9062" authority="Lafontaine" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Protorthodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Protorthodes texicana" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="148" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="texicana">Protorthodes texicana Lafontaine</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="9" pageNumber="148">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figs 27-29, 63, 81; Map 8
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="149" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="149">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="10" pageNumber="149" start="start">Type</pageBreakToken>
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material.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="149">
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Holotype ♂. USA, Texas, Uvalde Co., Concan, Neals Lodges, 1300', at uv, 3 April 1990, Noel McFarland. CNC. Paratypes: 22 ♂, 23 ♀. Same locality and collector as for holotype, 23 March 1990 (1 ♀); USA, Texas, Uvalde Co., Concan, 3 Oct. 1992, E. Knudson (1 ♂). Mexico, Chiapas, San
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Cristóbal">Cristobal</normalizedToken>
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de las Casas, 7200', 4-29 May 1969, J.E.H. Martin (21 ♂, 22 ♀.). Paratypes deposited in CNC, TLSRC, USNM.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="149" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="149">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="149">This species is both Texan and Mexican, thus the name texicana.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="149" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="149">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="149">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Protorthodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Protorthodes texicana" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="149" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="texicana">Protorthodes texicana</taxonomicName>
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can be recognized by the brown forewings with the transverse lines defined by pale buff and dark-brown lines, and the reniform and orbicular spots darker brown than the ground color with a pale buff outline.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Protorthodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Protorthodes texicana" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="149" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="texicana">Protorthodes texicana</taxonomicName>
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is most likely to be confused with
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Protorthodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Protorthodes oviduca" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="149" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oviduca">Protorthodes oviduca</taxonomicName>
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or
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Protorthodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Protorthodes orobia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="149" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orobia">Protorthodes orobia</taxonomicName>
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, however,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Protorthodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Protorthodes texicana" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="149" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="texicana">Protorthodes texicana</taxonomicName>
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but does not have the reddish tints to the forewing of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Protorthodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Protorthodes oviduca" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="149" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oviduca">Protorthodes oviduca</taxonomicName>
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, and has by the less contrasting white lines on the forewing than
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Protorthodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Protorthodes orobia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="149" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orobia">Protorthodes orobia</taxonomicName>
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. The male genitalia of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Protorthodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Protorthodes texicana" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="149" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="texicana">Protorthodes texicana</taxonomicName>
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are characterized by large, heavily-sclerotized, spinulose hood-like structure that projects posteriorly from the dorsal margin of the sacculus, and the clasper-digitus combination that creates a structure with three processes; the homologies of this assemblage are best interpreted by comparison with the more rudimentary form found in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Protorthodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Protorthodes oviduca" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="149" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oviduca">Protorthodes oviduca</taxonomicName>
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. The female genitalia are characterized by the large, heavily-sclerotized, double-lobed plate covering the ostium bursae ventrally.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="150" pageId="10" pageNumber="149" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="149">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="150" pageId="10" pageNumber="149">
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Adult. Male and female similar in size, color, and maculation. Forewing length: 12-14 mm. Head - Male antenna with individual segments bipectinate, 3.8-4.0
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as wide as the central shaft (anterior rami 1.9-2.1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as wide, posterior rami 1.4-1.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as wide). Female antenna filiform, minutely setose ventrally. Palpi and head clothed with spatulate apically-forked setae, pale buff or gray basally, dark-brown patch subapically, with pale-gray and pale buff tips creating a brown color with a hoary overlay. Thorax - Covered with similar scales to those of head; with slightly raised prothoracic and metathoracic tufts.
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<pageBreakToken pageId="11" pageNumber="150" start="start">Legs</pageBreakToken>
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: Appearing speckled with mixture of buff and darker gray-brown scales. Tibiae without spiniform setae. Tarsi with three ventral rows of spiniform setae. Wings: Dorsal forewing pale brown with dusting of darker-brown scales; subbasal, antemedial, postmedial, and subterminal lines buff, partially bordered by darker-brown scales; reniform spot gray-brown, darker than forewing and with pale-buff outline, with slight constriction on anterior and posterior margin, giving it a figure 8 shape; orbicular spot similar in color, rounded or obliquely oval; fringe with two irregular rows of spatulate scales, pale-brown at base, darker toward tips. Dorsal hindwing pale fuscous basally with darker fuscous on discal spot, wing veins, and marginal area of wing; fringe pale fuscous white with irregular darker fuscous medial line. Male genitalia - Uncus mainly evenly tapered from base to apex except slightly swollen laterally subbasally, sparely covered with long hair-like setae, apex compressed and flattened. Valve gradually tapered from base, abruptly constricted subapically to define a rounded cucullus; sacculus sclerotized, about 0.4
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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length of valve, dorsal margin extended into elongated, hollow, hood-like process with outer surface covered by spines, its apex extending to base of ampulla of clasper; ventral base of clasper extending from sacculus ending in rounded lobe from which arises a heavily-sclerotized, partially articulated, tear-drop-shaped process projecting posteriorly; dorsal base of clasper articulates with long heavily-sclerotized ampulla of clasper with apex spatulate, extending posterodorsally beyond costal margin of valve; digitus appearing to be a heavily-sclerotized extension from editum; apex of digitus a stout apically blunt process with short conical setae-tipped spines at apex; cucullus densely covered with long, stiff setae projecting anterodorsally, and no apical corona; central part of transtilla densely spinulose; juxta a long narrow plate, broad basally, tapered posteriorly with subapical constriction. Aedeagus extended ventrally into short spine-like tip free of vesica. Vesica about 2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as aedeagus; vesica with submedial coil and
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<normalizedToken originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
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postmedial coil, the latter with short diverticulum on posterior side; vesica without spines or cornuti. Female genitalia - Corpus bursae membranous, rounded, without signa. Appendix bursae with two short coils, arising from posterior dorsal surface of corpus bursae. Ductus bursae 1.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as corpus bursae, anterior 2/3 membranous, posterior 1/3 covered with thin, longitudinal sclerotized striations; a heavily sclerotized, double-lobed plate covering ostial part of ductus bursae and anterior-ventral part of abdominal segment eight; abdominal segment eight 1.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as wide, lightly sclerotized; anterior apophyses 0.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as abdominal segment eight; posterior apohyses folding near middle, about 2.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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longer than anterior apophyses. Anal papillae long and tapered, 0.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as abdominal segment eight; anal papillae lightly sclerotized, long setae sparsely scattered over surface, short setae abundant near apex of papillae.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="150" type="distribution and biology">
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="150">Distribution and biology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="150">
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The immature stages are unknown.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Protorthodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Protorthodes texicana" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="150" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="texicana">Protorthodes texicana</taxonomicName>
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is known from two areas, west-central Texas and southern Mexico. Adults were collected between late March and late May and in early October. The immature stages are unknown.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |