308 lines
37 KiB
XML
308 lines
37 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="B804CCA8591E6E2607E2D49F2B99B628">Taming an ichnotaxonomical Pandora’s box: revision of dendritic and rosetted microborings (ichnofamily: Dendrinidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="3654A167C4F60F2CD5BDE543AB329E47">2017</mods:date>
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<treatment id="8878B758BA6A9F354DAD2106FE5FF9C9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3853629" ID-GBIF-Taxon="164249280" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3853629" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8878B758BA6A9F354DAD2106FE5FF9C9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/8878B758BA6A9F354DAD2106FE5FF9C9" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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<subSubSection id="48CB55C5BA6A9F344DAD2106FBCFFEE5" box="[510,1078,267,294]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="006E064EBA6A9F344DAD2106FBCFFEE5" blockId="28.[510,1078,267,329]" box="[510,1078,267,294]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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<heading id="5B26B122BA6A9F344DAD2106FBCFFEE5" box="[510,1078,267,294]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA6A9F344DAD2106FC55FEE6" authority="(Solle, 1938)" authorityName="Wisshak" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="Solle" baseAuthorityYear="1938" box="[510,940,267,294]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Clionolithes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="pannosus" status="comb. nov.">
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<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA6A9F344DAD2106FCF5FEE5" bold="true" box="[510,780,267,294]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Clionolithes pannosus</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA6A9F344F4F2106FC5DFEE6" author="Solle" box="[796,932,267,293]" firstAuthor="Solle" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="154 - 178" refId="ref53353" refString="Solle G. 1938. Die ersten Bohr-Spongien im europaischen Devon und einige andere Spuren. Senckenbergiana Lethaea 20: 154 - 178." type="journal article" year="1938">Solle, 1938</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="29966727BA6A9F344FE72106FBCFFEE5" box="[948,1078,267,294]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="48CB55C5BA6A9F344EA42123FCC5FE8A" box="[759,828,302,329]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="description">
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<paragraph id="006E064EBA6A9F344EA42123FCC5FE8A" blockId="28.[510,1078,267,329]" box="[759,828,302,329]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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<figureCitation id="98EA1ACBBA6A9F344EA42123FCC5FE8A" box="[759,828,302,329]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="28.[190,233,1859,1885]" captionTargetBox="[190,1402,1182,1833]" captionTargetId="figure@28.[190,1402,1182,1833]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="Fig. 7. Clionolithes pannosus (Solle, 1938) comb. nov. A. Holotype preserved as natural cast in a Devonian brachiopod shell from the Mosel Valley near Münstermaifeld, Germany. B–C. SEM overview and close-up of the holotype. D–F. SEM planar view, oblique view and close-up of pyritised and resinembedded holotype of junior synonym Platydendrina platycentrum Vogel et al., 1987 in a shell of Mediospirifer Bublichenko, 1959 from the Middle Devonian of New York State, USA." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3839873" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3839873/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="48CB55C5BA6A9F344CEE2165FCCEFDAF" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="006E064EBA6A9F344CEE2165FCEEFE40" blockId="28.[189,875,360,422]" box="[189,791,360,387]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="20C12160BA6A9F344CEE2165FCEEFE40" box="[189,791,360,387]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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<treatmentCitation id="8170205FBA6A9F344CEE2165FD70FE41" author="Solle G." box="[189,649,360,387]" page="164" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" year="1938">
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<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA6A9F344CEE2165FD70FE41" authority="Solle, 1938: 164" authorityName="Solle" authorityPageNumber="164" authorityYear="1938" box="[189,649,360,387]" class="Demospongiae" family="Dendrinidae" genus="Olkenbachia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lithistida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="pannosa">
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<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA6A9F344CEE2165FE44FE41" box="[189,445,360,386]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Olkenbachia pannosa</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA6A9F344D962165FD70FE41" author="Solle" box="[453,649,360,387]" firstAuthor="Solle" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="154 - 178" refId="ref53353" refString="Solle G. 1938. Die ersten Bohr-Spongien im europaischen Devon und einige andere Spuren. Senckenbergiana Lethaea 20: 154 - 178." type="journal article" year="1938">Solle, 1938: 164</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, figs 17–18.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="006E064EBA6A9F344CEE2181FC92FE65" blockId="28.[189,875,360,422]" box="[189,875,396,422]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="20C12160BA6A9F344CEE2181FC92FE65" box="[189,875,396,422]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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<treatmentCitation id="8170205FBA6A9F344CEE2181FCE2FE65" author="Vogel K. & Golubic S. & Brett C. E." box="[189,795,396,422]" page="274" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" year="1987">
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<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA6A9F344CEE2181FCE2FE65" authority="Vogel et al., 1987: 274" authorityName="Vogel" authorityPageNumber="274" authorityYear="1987" box="[189,795,396,422]" class="Hexactinellida" genus="Pyritonema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="platycentrum">
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<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA6A9F344CEE2181FDFEFE65" box="[189,519,396,422]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Platydendrina platycentrum</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA6A9F344E5D2181FCE2FE65" author="Vogel" box="[526,795,396,422]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Vogel" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="263 - 290" refId="ref54375" refString="Vogel K., Golubic S. & Brett C. E. 1987. Endolith associations and their relation to facies distribution in the Middle Devonian of New York State, USA. Lethaia 20: 263 - 290. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1502 - 3931.1987. tb 02047. x" type="journal article" year="1987">
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Vogel
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<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA6A9F344E0A2181FD6DFE65" box="[601,660,396,422]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">et al.</emphasis>
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, 1987: 274
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</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, fig. 7.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="006E064EBA6A9F344CEE21C8FC38FDC0" blockId="28.[189,1398,453,621]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="20C12160BA6A9F344CEE21C8FC38FDC0" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA6A9F344CEE21C8FE54FE1C" authorityName=", Solle" authorityYear="1938" box="[189,429,453,479]" class="Demospongiae" family="Dendrinidae" genus="Olkenbachia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lithistida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="hirsuta">
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||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA6A9F344CEE21C8FE54FE1C" box="[189,429,453,479]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Olkenbachia hirsuta</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
–
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||
<treatmentCitation id="8170205FBA6A9F344D9A21C8FDBEFE23" box="[457,583,453,480]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA6A9F344D9A21C8FDBEFE23" author="Solle" box="[457,583,453,480]" firstAuthor="Solle" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="154 - 178" refId="ref53353" refString="Solle G. 1938. Die ersten Bohr-Spongien im europaischen Devon und einige andere Spuren. Senckenbergiana Lethaea 20: 154 - 178." type="journal article" year="1938">Solle 1938</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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(partim): 162, figs 9, 15, 17–18 (figs 2–4, 8, 11, 14 =
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA6A9F3448E521CBFAC7FE1C" authorityName="Clarke" authorityYear="1908" box="[1206,1342,453,480]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Clionolithes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="radicans">
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||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA6A9F3448E521CBFAC7FE1C" box="[1206,1342,453,480]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">C. radicans</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, figs 5–7, 10 =
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<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA6A9F344D3121E4FDF1FDC0" box="[354,520,489,515]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Clionolithes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="cervicornis">
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<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA6A9F344D3121E4FDF1FDC0" box="[354,520,489,515]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">C. cervicornis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and fig. 13 =
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<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA6A9F344EF821E4FC48FDC0" box="[683,945,489,515]" class="Monothalamea" family="Astrorhizidae" genus="Nododendrina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Astrorhizida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="species" species="nodosa">
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||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA6A9F344EF821E4FC48FDC0" box="[683,945,489,515]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Nododendrina nodosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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).
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="006E064EBA6A9F344CEE2201FD80FDE4" blockId="28.[189,1398,453,621]" box="[189,633,524,551]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="20C12160BA6A9F344CEE2201FD80FDE4" box="[189,633,524,551]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA6A9F344CEE2201FEAAFDE5" authorityName="Solle" authorityYear="1938" box="[189,339,524,550]" class="Demospongiae" family="Dendrinidae" genus="Olkenbachia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lithistida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA6A9F344CEE2201FEAAFDE5" box="[189,339,524,550]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Olkenbachia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. –
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||
<treatmentCitation id="8170205FBA6A9F344DCA2201FDE5FDE5" box="[409,540,524,550]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA6A9F344DCA2201FDE5FDE5" author="Solle" box="[409,540,524,550]" firstAuthor="Solle" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="154 - 178" refId="ref53353" refString="Solle G. 1938. Die ersten Bohr-Spongien im europaischen Devon und einige andere Spuren. Senckenbergiana Lethaea 20: 154 - 178." type="journal article" year="1938">Solle 1938</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
: fig. 15.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="006E064EBA6A9F344CEE2222FDA3FD8A" blockId="28.[189,1398,453,621]" box="[189,602,559,586]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="20C12160BA6A9F344CEE2222FDA3FD8A" box="[189,602,559,586]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA6A9F344CEE2222FE9CFD8A" box="[189,357,559,585]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA6A9F344CEE2222FE9CFD8A" box="[189,357,559,585]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Platydendrina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
–
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||
<treatmentCitation id="8170205FBA6A9F344DD12222FDF5FD8A" box="[386,524,559,585]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA6A9F344DD12222FDF5FD8A" author="Vogel K." box="[386,524,559,585]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="207 - 216" refId="ref54205" refString="Vogel K. 1987. Bohrorganismen und Fazies im Mitteldevon des Staates New York, USA. Natur und Museum 117: 207 - 216." type="journal article" year="1987">Vogel 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
: fig. 6.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="006E064EBA6A9F344CEE225FFCCEFDAF" blockId="28.[189,1398,453,621]" box="[189,823,594,621]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="20C12160BA6A9F344CEE225FFCCEFDAF" box="[189,823,594,621]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA6A9F344CEE225FFE37FDAF" authorityName="Hofmann" authorityYear="1996" box="[189,462,594,620]" class="Monothalamea" family="Astrorhizidae" genus="Nododendrina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Astrorhizida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="species" species="convexa">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA6A9F344CEE225FFE37FDAF" box="[189,462,594,620]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Nododendrina convexa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
– (?)
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="8170205FBA6A9F344E40225FFD20FDAF" box="[531,729,594,620]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA6A9F344E40225FFD20FDAF" author="Thuy" box="[531,729,594,620]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Thuy" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="20132624" refId="ref53884" refString="Thuy B., Kiel S., Dulai A., Gale A. S., Kroh A., Lord A. R., Numberger-Thuy L. D., Stohr S. & Wisshak M. 2014. First glimpse into Lower Jurassic deep-sea biodiversity: in situ diversification and resilience against extinction. Proceedings of the Royal Society B 281: e 20132624. https: // doi. org / 10.1098 / rspb. 2013.2624" type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||
Thuy
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA6A9F344E0B225EFD6AFDAF" box="[600,659,594,620]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
:
|
||
<figureCitation id="98EA1ACBBA6A9F344EB7225FFCC8FDAF" box="[740,817,594,620]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[189,232,1864,1890]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[189,1383,265,2019]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 1 (page 7). Morphological characters of dendrinid microborings with respect to overall shape and symmetry of the trace, its vertical profile, openings to the substrate surface, orientation of entrance tunnel (where present), branching pattern and surface texture (in order of decreasing relevance as ichnotaxobase)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3839860" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3839860/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">fig. 1h</figureCitation>
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.
|
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="48CB55C5BA6A9F344CEE2281FCF2FC32" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="006E064EBA6A9F344CEE2281FE5BFD65" blockId="28.[189,418,652,678]" box="[189,418,652,678]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<heading id="5B26B122BA6A9F344CEE2281FE5BFD65" bold="true" box="[189,418,652,678]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA6A9F344CEE2281FE5BFD65" bold="true" box="[189,418,652,678]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Original diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="006E064EBA6A9F344CEE22B6FCFFFCFC" blockId="28.[189,1399,699,831]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Von einem relativ grossen, unregelmässig-lappigen Zentral-Hohlraum laufen kurze, breite, gebogene, nur wenig oder gar nicht verzweigte, in kurze Spitzen ausgezogene Gänge aus. [Translation: from a relatively large, irregularly-lobed central cavity, short, wide, bent, slightly branched or unbranched galleries with short pointed terminations emerge.]</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="006E064EBA6A9F344CEE2353FE56FCBB" blockId="28.[189,431,862,888]" box="[189,431,862,888]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<heading id="5B26B122BA6A9F344CEE2353FE56FCBB" bold="true" box="[189,431,862,888]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA6A9F344CEE2353FE56FCBB" bold="true" box="[189,431,862,888]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Emended diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="006E064EBA6A9F344CEE239CFCF2FC32" blockId="28.[189,1398,912,1009]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">From a flat and irregularly-lobed central cavity with a smooth surface, short and rapidly tapering galleries emerge, which are little ramified, may form anastomoses, end in short pointed terminations, and connect to the substrate surface by short spiny outgrowths.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="48CB55C5BA6A9F354CEE241CFE6CFC72" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="006E064EBA6A9F344CEE241CFE43FBE8" blockId="28.[189,442,1041,1067]" box="[189,442,1041,1067]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<heading id="5B26B122BA6A9F344CEE241CFE43FBE8" bold="true" box="[189,442,1041,1067]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA6A9F344CEE241CFE43FBE8" bold="true" box="[189,442,1041,1067]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Original description</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="006E064EBA6A9F354CEE244EFE9CFE4C" blockId="28.[189,1399,1091,1153]" lastBlockId="29.[189,1399,267,399]" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
The central cavity exhibits an irregularly-lobed shape and is relatively large with
|
||
<quantity id="C729ABABBA6A9F3448FF244EFB0DFB9D" box="[1196,1268,1091,1118]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
|
||
in longest diameter and
|
||
<quantity id="C729ABABBA6A9F344D32246BFE47FB42" box="[353,446,1126,1153]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="0.6">0.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
in maximum width. From this central cavity irregular, short, wide, bent, rarely nearly straight galleries emerge in all directions, none of which surpass the diameter of the main cavities in length. Only few of these galleries branch once or twice; they terminate in short pointed ends. The diameter of the branches exceeds
|
||
<quantity id="C729ABABBA6B9F354E04215FFD4EFEAF" box="[599,695,338,364]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="mm" value="0.2">0.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
. The overall appearance of the trace is plump. [Translated from German]
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="54AE56C6BA6A9F344CED274EFB41F829" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3839873" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3839873" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3839873/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" startId="28.[190,233,1859,1885]" targetBox="[190,1402,1182,1833]" targetPageId="28">
|
||
<paragraph id="006E064EBA6A9F344CED274EFB41F829" blockId="28.[190,1400,1859,2027]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA6A9F344CED274EFEE9F89E" bold="true" box="[190,272,1859,1885]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 7.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA6A9F344D4F274EFD36F89E" authority="(Solle, 1938)" authorityName="Wisshak" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="Solle" baseAuthorityYear="1938" box="[284,719,1859,1885]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Clionolithes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="pannosus" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA6A9F344D4F274EFDDFF89E" box="[284,550,1859,1885]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Clionolithes pannosus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA6A9F344E69274EFD3EF89E" author="Solle" box="[570,711,1859,1885]" firstAuthor="Solle" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="154 - 178" refId="ref53353" refString="Solle G. 1938. Die ersten Bohr-Spongien im europaischen Devon und einige andere Spuren. Senckenbergiana Lethaea 20: 154 - 178." type="journal article" year="1938">Solle, 1938</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="29966727BA6A9F344E88274EFC9BF89D" box="[731,866,1859,1886]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA6A9F344F3E274EFC7BF89E" bold="true" box="[877,898,1859,1885]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">A</emphasis>
|
||
. Holotype preserved as natural cast in a Devonian brachiopod shell from the Mosel Valley near Münstermaifeld, Germany.
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA6A9F3448D1276BFB40F843" bold="true" box="[1154,1209,1894,1920]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">B–C</emphasis>
|
||
. SEM overview and close-up of the holotype.
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA6A9F344E492787FDA9F867" bold="true" box="[538,592,1930,1956]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">D–F</emphasis>
|
||
. SEM planar view, oblique view and close-up of pyritised and resinembedded holotype of junior synonym
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA6A9F344EF227A0FCB0F804" box="[673,841,1965,1991]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Platydendrina</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA6A9F344F0727A0FB2FF804" authority="Vogel et al., 1987" authorityName="Vogel" authorityYear="1987" box="[852,1238,1965,1991]" class="Hexactinellida" genus="Pyritonema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="platycentrum">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA6A9F344F0727A0FC16F804" box="[852,1007,1965,1991]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">platycentrum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA6A9F344FA927A0FB2FF804" author="Vogel" box="[1018,1238,1965,1991]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Vogel" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="263 - 290" refId="ref54375" refString="Vogel K., Golubic S. & Brett C. E. 1987. Endolith associations and their relation to facies distribution in the Middle Devonian of New York State, USA. Lethaia 20: 263 - 290. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1502 - 3931.1987. tb 02047. x" type="journal article" year="1987">
|
||
Vogel
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA6A9F34481A27A3FB71F804" box="[1097,1160,1965,1991]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 1987
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in a shell of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA6A9F344CED27DDFDBFF828" authority="Bublichenko, 1959" authorityName="Bublichenko" authorityYear="1959" box="[190,582,2000,2027]" class="Rhynchonellata" family="Spinocyrtiidae" genus="Mediospirifer" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spiriferida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Brachiopoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA6A9F344CED27DDFEA6F829" box="[190,351,2000,2026]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Mediospirifer</emphasis>
|
||
Bublichenko, 1959
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Middle Devonian of New York State, USA.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="006E064EBA6B9F354CEE21B3FDE8FE1B" blockId="29.[189,529,446,472]" box="[189,529,446,472]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<heading id="5B26B122BA6B9F354CEE21B3FDE8FE1B" bold="true" box="[189,529,446,472]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA6B9F354CEE21B3FDE8FE1B" bold="true" box="[189,529,446,472]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Supplementary description</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="006E064EBA6B9F354CEE21FDFE6CFC72" blockId="29.[189,1399,496,945]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
(Note: numbers in square brackets indicate n = number of specimens measured.) The detailed original diagnosis of the junior synonym
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA6B9F354E13221EFC72FDEE" box="[576,907,531,557]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
Platydendrina
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA6B9F354EA3221EFC72FDEE" box="[752,907,531,557]" class="Hexactinellida" genus="Pyritonema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="platycentrum">platycentrum</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA6B9F354FE4221EFB6DFDED" author="Vogel" box="[951,1172,531,558]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Vogel" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="263 - 290" refId="ref54375" refString="Vogel K., Golubic S. & Brett C. E. 1987. Endolith associations and their relation to facies distribution in the Middle Devonian of New York State, USA. Lethaia 20: 263 - 290. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1502 - 3931.1987. tb 02047. x" type="journal article" year="1987">
|
||
Vogel
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA6B9F3548502219FBC7FDEE" box="[1027,1086,531,557]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(1987)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
adds the following observations and morphometrical data: “Palmate, repeatedly branched system, up to
|
||
<quantity id="C729ABABBA6B9F3548CE223AFB18FD92" box="[1181,1249,567,593]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
|
||
(1.03 ± 0.56 [16]) in diameter. Central area is occupied by a large flat surface that gradually grades into the branches. Branches diverge at angles ranging from 32° to 100° (58 ± 16 [58]). The margins between branches are scalloped forming deep rounded embayments. The width of the primary branches at the base is
|
||
<quantity id="C729ABABBA6B9F35494D22ADFF1CFD1D" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="mm" value="175.0" valueMax="300.0" valueMin="50.0">50–300 µm</quantity>
|
||
(134 ± 63 [66]), the secondary branches
|
||
<quantity id="C729ABABBA6B9F354EB022CEFCA6FD1D" box="[739,863,707,734]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="mm" value="40.0" valueMax="60.0" valueMin="20.0">20–60 µm</quantity>
|
||
(40 ± 11 [82]), whereas the tertiary (distal) branches are
|
||
<quantity id="C729ABABBA6B9F354D0822EBFE3EFCC2" box="[347,455,742,769]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="mm" value="12.5" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="5.0">5–20 µm</quantity>
|
||
(16 ± 8 [54]). Thus, there is a substantial decrease in width from the proximal to the distal branches. The branches end with tiny rhizoidal appendages only a few micrometres wide, which connect to the substrate surface. The anastomoses are common sometimes leaving rounded holes. The branches are depressed in cross section. The dorsal surfaces (interior with respect to the shell) of
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA6B9F354CEE237EFE9CFC4E" box="[189,357,883,909]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Platydendrina</emphasis>
|
||
are smooth, whereas its ventral side is beset by spiny outgrowths that connect to the substrate surface.”
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="48CB55C5BA6B9F354CEE23EDFC1CFB55" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="006E064EBA6B9F354CEE23EDFD8AFC3A" blockId="29.[189,627,991,1018]" box="[189,627,991,1018]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<heading id="5B26B122BA6B9F354CEE23EDFD8AFC3A" bold="true" box="[189,627,991,1018]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA6B9F354CEE23EDFD8AFC3A" bold="true" box="[189,627,991,1018]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Type material, locality and horizon</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="006E064EBA6B9F354CEE241FFC1CFB55" blockId="29.[189,1399,1042,1174]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
The
|
||
<typeStatus id="DF6AB8ECBA6B9F354CA1241FFEA0FBEF" box="[242,345,1042,1068]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="98EA1ACBBA6B9F354D39241FFE56FBEF" box="[362,431,1042,1068]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="28.[190,233,1859,1885]" captionTargetBox="[190,1402,1182,1833]" captionTargetId="figure@28.[190,1402,1182,1833]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="Fig. 7. Clionolithes pannosus (Solle, 1938) comb. nov. A. Holotype preserved as natural cast in a Devonian brachiopod shell from the Mosel Valley near Münstermaifeld, Germany. B–C. SEM overview and close-up of the holotype. D–F. SEM planar view, oblique view and close-up of pyritised and resinembedded holotype of junior synonym Platydendrina platycentrum Vogel et al., 1987 in a shell of Mediospirifer Bublichenko, 1959 from the Middle Devonian of New York State, USA." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3839873" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3839873/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
A–C) is preserved as a natural cast in a brachiopod shell from the Flaser-Schiefer, Kondel-Gruppe, Oberkoblenz, Devonian, from Brodenbach Valley near the river Mosel in a small quarry opposite the Teufelslei near Münstermaifeld,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="78C646DEBA6B9F354F4C2455FC77FBB1" box="[799,910,1112,1138]" name="Germany" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Germany</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Deposited in the brachiopod collection at the Senckenberg Institute in Frankfurt,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="78C646DEBA6B9F354ED92471FD0EFB55" box="[650,759,1148,1174]" name="Germany" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Germany</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="66C09E8BBA6B9F354F552471FCBBFB55" box="[774,834,1148,1174]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" name="Forschungsinstitut und Natur-Museum Senckenberg" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">SMF</collectionCode>
|
||
<collectionCode id="66C09E8BBA6B9F354F192471FC6AFB55" box="[842,915,1148,1174]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">XXVI</collectionCode>
|
||
166a).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="48CB55C5BA6B9F354CEE24C8FE5FF9C9" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="006E064EBA6B9F354CEE24C8FED6FB1C" blockId="29.[189,303,1221,1247]" box="[189,303,1221,1247]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<heading id="5B26B122BA6B9F354CEE24C8FED6FB1C" bold="true" box="[189,303,1221,1247]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA6B9F354CEE24C8FED6FB1C" bold="true" box="[189,303,1221,1247]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="006E064EBA6B9F354CEE24FAFEC8FA94" blockId="29.[189,1399,1271,1367]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
Originally established within the ichnogenus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA6B9F354E8524FAFC95FAD2" authorityName="Solle" authorityYear="1938" box="[726,876,1271,1297]" class="Demospongiae" family="Dendrinidae" genus="Olkenbachia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lithistida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA6B9F354E8524FAFC95FAD2" box="[726,876,1271,1297]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Olkenbachia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which is a junior synonym of
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA6B9F3548B324FAFA8EFAD2" box="[1248,1399,1271,1297]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA6B9F3548B324FAFA8AFAD2" authorityName="Clarke" authorityYear="1908" box="[1248,1395,1271,1297]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Clionolithes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">Clionolithes</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
The spelling has been changed to the masculine
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA6B9F354EA02516FC9BFAF7" authorityName="Wisshak" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="Solle" baseAuthorityYear="1938" box="[755,866,1307,1332]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Clionolithes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="pannosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA6B9F354EA02516FC9BFAF7" box="[755,866,1307,1332]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">pannosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in order to be consistent with the ichnogenus in gender.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="006E064EBA6B9F354CEE258BFE5FF9C9" blockId="29.[189,1399,1414,1546]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
Compared to the other ichnospecies of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA6B9F354ED7258BFCEAFA63" authorityName="Clarke" authorityYear="1908" box="[644,787,1414,1440]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Clionolithes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA6B9F354ED7258BFCEAFA63" box="[644,787,1414,1440]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Clionolithes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA6B9F354F72258AFC48FA63" authorityName="Wisshak" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="Solle" baseAuthorityYear="1938" box="[801,945,1415,1441]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Clionolithes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="pannosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA6B9F354F72258AFC48FA63" box="[801,945,1415,1441]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">C. pannosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
exhibits the shortest and least ramified galleries and the relatively largest and distinctly flat central cavity. In contrast to most other ichnospecies it may anastomose. Among all
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA6B9F354E7025C0FD4BFA24" authorityName="Clarke" authorityYear="1908" box="[547,690,1485,1511]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Clionolithes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA6B9F354E7025C0FD4BFA24" box="[547,690,1485,1511]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Clionolithes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the overall morphological appearance of this trace is closest to that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA6B9F354D7D25FDFE67F9C9" authorityName="Quenstedt" authorityYear="1849" box="[302,414,1520,1546]" class="Globothalamea" family="Anomalinidae" genus="Dendrina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" order="Rotaliida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA6B9F354D7D25FDFE67F9C9" box="[302,414,1520,1546]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Dendrina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |