773 lines
92 KiB
XML
773 lines
92 KiB
XML
<document id="B29B2C2C5857B084A2DA0981EADED2E7" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2021.746.1321" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b2f74aea-802a-48ea-95c5-36fb3f34bc82" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4709138" ID-ZooBank="90ACC242-A5C2-4644-B09F-E57F63D3FF88" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="diego" IM.tables_approvedBy="diego" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1619079058727" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Nguyen, Tung T., Lam, Dang H. & Nguyen, Anh D." docDate="2021" docId="883287E0FFC59571CE34A1E1FACB2E01" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-746_94-111.pdf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 746" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.746.1321" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Metaphire decemtheca Nguyen & Lam & Nguyen 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="F717F325-F04E-409A-93B1-0A3997E11E9E" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="107" masterDocId="740BFF98FFCC957CCC54A30CFFD62C15" masterDocTitle="Notes on the earthworm species, Metaphire anomala (Michaelsen, 1907) (Clitellata, Megascolecidae) in Southern Vietnam, with descriptions of two new species" masterLastPageNumber="111" masterPageNumber="94" pageNumber="103" updateTime="1701998378233" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="5D567189F4A65BF60F3E1B9C537BEC44">Notes on the earthworm species, Metaphire anomala (Michaelsen, 1907) (Clitellata, Megascolecidae) in Southern Vietnam, with descriptions of two new species</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm id="80EE404FFA95C16D5224FAE04BB7C210">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="7A32319DF4D9999EA23AE529EB364493">Nguyen, Tung T.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="38DA3E10D8B9E1729FFCB465657C8E15">Department of Biology, School of Education, Can Tho University, Can Tho City, Vietnam. Department of Soil Ecology, Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, Vietnam. Academy of Science and Technology, 18, Hoangquocviet, Caugiay, Hanoi, Vietnam. Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18, Hoangquocviet, Caugiay, Hanoi, Vietnam.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="AAE706187CD20ED016478AA4B56E7F78" type="email">thanhtung@ctu.edu.vn</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:roleTerm id="2364CC21E7F1AA8F655246F36039EB55">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="34912A2C661C4F433D5182B357BD9EF9">Lam, Dang H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="B79909CA3D70B57A010AEBBAFC53B502">Department of Biology, School of Education, Can Tho University, Can Tho City, Vietnam. Department of Soil Ecology, Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, Vietnam. Academy of Science and Technology, 18, Hoangquocviet, Caugiay, Hanoi, Vietnam. Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18, Hoangquocviet, Caugiay, Hanoi, Vietnam.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="32D65FB117748FF6DBDD196DABF6BBF5" type="email">lamhaidangct@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="583F04589599FC60125FEE8A2C1F7946">Nguyen, Anh D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="22067A8B0F8F25D0C09075CDCA5D03F8">Department of Soil Ecology, Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, Vietnam. Academy of Science and Technology, 18, Hoangquocviet, Caugiay, Hanoi, Vietnam & Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18, Hoangquocviet, Caugiay, Hanoi, Vietnam.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="D115321AC4040E23DBD99061CF27FD3E" type="email">ducanh410@yahoo.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="C6CD2CBF48FB7F1C740F5EECA1C2741B">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="2CA06D65CA17AE48F2FC182E9D8D4D8F">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="58626B378AF0668D24669E500E3D629F">746</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="1F666BEC53C1319003995A382149DC4B" type="DOI">10.5852/ejt.2021.746.1321</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="883287E0FFC59571CE34A1E1FACB2E01" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4709917" ID-GBIF-Taxon="181530368" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4709917" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:F717F325-F04E-409A-93B1-0A3997E11E9E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/883287E0FFC59571CE34A1E1FACB2E01" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="107" pageId="9" pageNumber="103">
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<subSubSection id="4881657DFFC59575CE34A1E1FC022F1D" box="[608,980,749,776]" pageId="9" pageNumber="103" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="002436F6FFC59575CE34A1E1FC022F1D" blockId="9.[375,1212,749,849]" box="[608,980,749,776]" pageId="9" pageNumber="103">
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<heading id="5B6C819AFFC59575CE34A1E1FC022F1D" box="[608,980,749,776]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="103" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="C79B4D75FFC59575CE34A1E1FCA52F1D" authority="Nguyen & Lam & Nguyen, 2021" authorityName="Nguyen & Lam & Nguyen" authorityYear="2021" box="[608,883,749,776]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="9" pageNumber="103" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="decemtheca" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC59575CE34A1E1FCA52F1D" bold="true" box="[608,883,749,776]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="103">Metaphire decemtheca</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="29DC579FFFC59575CF2EA1E2FC022F1D" box="[890,980,750,776]" pageId="9" pageNumber="103" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="4881657DFFC59575CD23A01EFC9B2F44" pageId="9" pageNumber="103" type="description">
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<uri id="740A3AF4FFC59575CD23A01EFB6A2F38" box="[375,1212,786,813]" pageId="9" pageNumber="103">
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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<uuid id="743D0C23FFC59575CECDA01EFB6A2F38" box="[665,1212,786,813]" pageId="9" pageNumber="103">F717F325-F04E-409A-93B1-0A3997E11E9E</uuid>
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</uri>
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<paragraph id="002436F6FFC59575CEB3A03AFC9B2F44" blockId="9.[375,1212,749,849]" box="[743,845,822,849]" pageId="9" pageNumber="103">
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<figureCitation id="98A02A73FFC59575CEB3A03AFC9B2F44" box="[743,845,822,849]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStartId-0="7.[189,232,1856,1882]" captionStartId-1="10.[189,232,1987,2013]" captionTargetBox-0="[226,1363,268,1815]" captionTargetBox-1="[189,1398,840,1948]" captionTargetId-0="figure-16@7.[222,1366,265,1816]" captionTargetId-1="figure-162@10.[189,1398,816,1951]" captionTargetPageId-0="7" captionTargetPageId-1="10" captionText-0="Fig. 2. Metaphire decemtheca sp. nov., holotype (CTU-EW.183.h01). A1, A2. Ventral view of male pore region. B1, B2. Right spermathecae. C1, C2. Intestinal caecum. D. Ventral view of spermathecal pore region. E1, E2. Lateral view of spermathecal pores region. F1, F2. Left prostatic gland. G. Testis sacs and seminal vesicles. H. Male pore region transverse body section. Scale bars = 1 mm." captionText-1="Fig. 3. The distribution of the two new species in Southern Vietnam." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4709142" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4709146" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4709142/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4709146/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="103">Figs 2–3</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="4881657DFFC59575CCE9A075FBB42825" pageId="9" pageNumber="103" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="002436F6FFC59575CCE9A075FEE02F86" blockId="9.[189,310,889,915]" box="[189,310,889,915]" pageId="9" pageNumber="103">
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<heading id="5B6C819AFFC59575CCE9A075FEE02F86" bold="true" box="[189,310,889,915]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="103" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC59575CCE9A075FEE02F86" bold="true" box="[189,310,889,915]" pageId="9" pageNumber="103">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="002436F6FFC59575CCE9A0A5FBB42825" blockId="9.[189,1399,937,1073]" pageId="9" pageNumber="103">Medium-sized worm. Prostomium epilobous. First dorsal pore in 12/13. Clitellum annular, within xiv– xvi. Five pairs of spermathecal pores on ventrolateral intersegments 4/5/6/7/8/9. Male pores on the setal ring of xviii; copulatory pouches present. A pair of genital markings in xviii. Holandric. Testis sacs connected. Intestinal caeca simple. Septum 8/9 absent or very thin, 9/10 absent.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="4881657DFFC59575CCE9A755FB7A28B6" box="[189,1196,1113,1188]" pageId="9" pageNumber="103" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="002436F6FFC59575CCE9A755FE922866" blockId="9.[189,324,1113,1139]" box="[189,324,1113,1139]" pageId="9" pageNumber="103">
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<heading id="5B6C819AFFC59575CCE9A755FE922866" bold="true" box="[189,324,1113,1139]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="103" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC59575CCE9A755FE922866" bold="true" box="[189,324,1113,1139]" pageId="9" pageNumber="103">Etymology</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="002436F6FFC59575CCE9A785FB7A28B6" blockId="9.[189,1196,1161,1188]" box="[189,1196,1161,1188]" pageId="9" pageNumber="103">
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The epithet ‘
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<taxonomicName id="C79B4D75FFC59575CD07A785FE0B28B6" authorityName="Nguyen & Lam & Nguyen" authorityYear="2021" box="[339,477,1161,1187]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="9" pageNumber="103" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="decemtheca">
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<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC59575CD07A785FE0B28B6" box="[339,477,1161,1187]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="103">decemtheca</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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’ emphasises the number of spermathecae of the new species.
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<subSubSection id="4881657DFFC59575CCE9A7C0FDB32AD5" pageId="9" pageNumber="103" type="materials_examined">
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<heading id="5B6C819AFFC59575CCE9A7C0FE7C28F3" bold="true" box="[189,426,1228,1254]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="103" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC59575CCE9A7C0FE7C28F3" bold="true" box="[189,426,1228,1254]" pageId="9" pageNumber="103">Material examined</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="002436F6FFC59575CCBEA7F0FAB3294A" blockId="9.[189,1398,1276,1375]" pageId="9" pageNumber="103">
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<materialsCitation id="B0F33CABFFC59575CCBEA7F0FAB3294A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3081186303" collectedFrom="natural forest" collectingDate="2019-10-19" collectionCode="CTU-EW" collectorName="Nguyen Thanh Tung & Nguyen Thi Bao Ngoc" country="Vietnam" elevation="50" latitude="8.704722" location="Con Son Island" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="106.59111" pageId="9" pageNumber="103" specimenCode="CTU-EW.183.h01" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Ba Ria-Vung Tau Province" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC59575CCBEA7F0FE8A2903" bold="true" box="[234,348,1276,1302]" pageId="9" pageNumber="103">
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<typeStatus id="DF208854FFC59575CCBEA7F0FE8A2903" box="[234,348,1276,1302]" pageId="9" pageNumber="103" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry id="788C7666FFC59575CCE9A62CFE92292F" box="[189,324,1312,1338]" name="Vietnam" pageId="9" pageNumber="103">VIETNAM</collectingCountry>
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<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC59575CD1EA62CFE82292F" bold="true" box="[330,340,1312,1338]" pageId="9" pageNumber="103">•</emphasis>
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<specimenCount id="169DFD7FFFC59575CD0EA62DFE79292E" box="[346,431,1313,1339]" pageId="9" pageNumber="103">mature</specimenCount>
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;
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<collectingRegion id="C25FF814FFC59575CDEDA62DFD25292F" box="[441,755,1312,1339]" country="Vietnam" name="Ba Ria-Vung Tau" pageId="9" pageNumber="103">Ba Ria-Vung Tau Province</collectingRegion>
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,
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;
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,
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;
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a.s.l.
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</elevation>
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;
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<date id="74251036FFC59575CCE9A649FE8F294A" box="[189,345,1349,1375]" pageId="9" pageNumber="103" value="2019-10-19">
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<collectingDate id="6461E9DEFFC59575CCE9A649FE8F294A" box="[189,345,1349,1375]" pageId="9" pageNumber="103" value="2019-10-19">19 Oct. 2019</collectingDate>
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</date>
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;
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<collectorName id="AD6E5320FFC59575CD31A649FD81294A" box="[357,599,1349,1375]" pageId="9" pageNumber="103">Nguyen Thanh Tung</collectorName>
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and
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||
<collectorName id="AD6E5320FFC59575CEC4A649FC4C294A" box="[656,922,1349,1375]" pageId="9" pageNumber="103">Nguyen Thi Bao Ngoc</collectorName>
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leg.;
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<collectedFrom id="B387750BFFC59575CF88A649FBAA294A" box="[988,1148,1349,1375]" pageId="9" pageNumber="103">natural forest</collectedFrom>
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;
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<specimenCode id="503D9E8DFFC59575C8D3A649FAB7294A" box="[1159,1377,1349,1375]" collectionCode="CTU-EW" pageId="9" pageNumber="103">CTU-EW.183.h01</specimenCode>
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.
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||
</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="002436F6FFC59575CCBEA684FBA229D3" blockId="9.[189,1140,1416,1478]" pageId="9" pageNumber="103">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="B0F33CABFFC59575CCBEA684FBA229D3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3081186304" collectedFrom="natural forest" collectingDate="2019-10-19" collectionCode="CTU-EW" collectorName="Nguyen Thanh Tung & Nguyen Thi Bao Ngoc" country="Vietnam" elevation="50" latitude="8.704722" location="VIETNAM" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="106.59111" pageId="9" pageNumber="103" specimenCode="CTU-EW.183.p02" specimenCount="9" stateProvince="Ba Ria-Vung Tau Province" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC59575CCBEA684FEB129B7" bold="true" box="[234,359,1416,1442]" pageId="9" pageNumber="103">
|
||
<typeStatus id="DF208854FFC59575CCBEA684FEB129B7" box="[234,359,1416,1442]" pageId="9" pageNumber="103" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="788C7666FFC59575CCE9A6A0FE9229D3" box="[189,324,1452,1478]" name="Vietnam" pageId="9" pageNumber="103">VIETNAM</collectingCountry>
|
||
•
|
||
<specimenCount id="169DFD7FFFC59575CD09A6A0FE0229D3" box="[349,468,1452,1478]" pageId="9" pageNumber="103">9 matures</specimenCount>
|
||
; same collection data as for holotype;
|
||
<specimenCode id="503D9E8DFFC59575CFC2A6A0FBB929D3" box="[918,1135,1452,1478]" collectionCode="CTU-EW" pageId="9" pageNumber="103">CTU-EW.183.p02</specimenCode>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="002436F6FFC59575CCBEA6E2FE702A1D" blockId="9.[189,1399,1518,1728]" box="[234,422,1518,1544]" pageId="9" pageNumber="103">
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC59575CCBEA6E2FE702A1D" bold="true" box="[234,422,1518,1544]" pageId="9" pageNumber="103">Other material</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="002436F6FFC59575CCE9A51FFDB32AD5" blockId="9.[189,1399,1518,1728]" pageId="9" pageNumber="103">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="B0F33CABFFC59575CCE9A51FFEA82A47" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3081186317" collectedFrom="natural forest" collectingDate="2019-10-19" collectionCode="CTU-EW" collectorName="Nguyen Thanh Tung & Nguyen Thi Bao Ngoc" country="Vietnam" elevation="50" latitude="8.704722" location="Ba Ria-Vung Tau Province" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="106.59111" pageId="9" pageNumber="103" specimenCode="CTU-EW.183.03" specimenCount="38" stateProvince="Ba Ria-Vung Tau Province">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="788C7666FFC59575CCE9A51FFE972A38" box="[189,321,1555,1581]" name="Vietnam" pageId="9" pageNumber="103">VIETNAM</collectingCountry>
|
||
–
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC59575CD27A51FFD272A38" bold="true" box="[371,753,1555,1581]" pageId="9" pageNumber="103">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="C25FF814FFC59575CD27A51FFD032A38" box="[371,725,1555,1581]" country="Vietnam" name="Ba Ria-Vung Tau" pageId="9" pageNumber="103">Ba Ria-Vung Tau Province</collectingRegion>
|
||
•
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<specimenCount id="169DFD7FFFC59575CF56A51FFC582A3B" box="[770,910,1555,1582]" pageId="9" pageNumber="103">38 matures</specimenCount>
|
||
; same collection data as for holotype;
|
||
<specimenCode id="503D9E8DFFC59575CCE9A534FEA82A47" box="[189,382,1592,1618]" collectionCode="CTU-EW" pageId="9" pageNumber="103">CTU-EW.183.03</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC59575CDD6A534FE5A2A47" bold="true" box="[386,396,1592,1618]" pageId="9" pageNumber="103">•</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="B0F33CABFFC59575CDC6A534FBC82A63" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3081186309" collectedFrom="natural forest" collectingDate="2019-10-18" collectionCode="CTU-EW" collectorName="Nguyen Thanh Tung & Nguyen Thi Bao Ngoc" country="Vietnam" elevation="10" latitude="8.730556" location="Con Son Island" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="106.62528" pageId="9" pageNumber="103" specimenCode="CTU-EW.183.04" specimenCount="23" stateProvince="Ba Ria-Vung Tau">
|
||
<specimenCount id="169DFD7FFFC59575CDC6A534FDC72A47" box="[402,529,1592,1618]" pageId="9" pageNumber="103">23 matures</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<location id="0544602DFFC59575CE4EA534FD1E2A47" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:883287E0FFC59571CE34A1E1FACB2E01:0544602DFFC59575CE4EA534FD1E2A47" box="[538,712,1592,1618]" country="Vietnam" latitude="8.730556" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="106.62528" name="Con Son Island" pageId="9" pageNumber="103" stateProvince="Ba Ria-Vung Tau">Con Son Island</location>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="65AF5031FFC59575CE86A53AFC852A47" box="[722,851,1590,1618]" degrees="8" direction="north" minutes="43" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="103" precision="15" seconds="50" value="8.730556">8°43′50″ N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="65AF5031FFC59575CF09A53AFC2E2A47" box="[861,1016,1590,1618]" degrees="106" direction="east" minutes="37" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="103" precision="15" seconds="31" value="106.62528">106°37′31″ E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<elevation id="8BB6D1C5FFC59575C856A534FBA32A47" box="[1026,1141,1592,1618]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="103" unit="m" value="10.0">
|
||
<quantity id="C7639B13FFC59575C856A534FBED2A47" box="[1026,1083,1592,1618]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="103" unit="m" value="10.0">10 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l.
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
;
|
||
<date id="74251036FFC59575C8D4A534FAC52A47" box="[1152,1299,1592,1618]" pageId="9" pageNumber="103" value="2019-10-18">
|
||
<collectingDate id="6461E9DEFFC59575C8D4A534FAC52A47" box="[1152,1299,1592,1618]" pageId="9" pageNumber="103" value="2019-10-18">18 Oct. 2019</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName id="AD6E5320FFC59575C948A534FE912A62" pageId="9" pageNumber="103">Nguyen Thanh Tung</collectorName>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectorName id="AD6E5320FFC59575CD29A551FDA82A62" box="[381,638,1628,1655]" pageId="9" pageNumber="103">Nguyen Thi Bao Ngoc</collectorName>
|
||
leg.;
|
||
<collectedFrom id="B387750BFFC59575CEE8A550FC852A63" box="[700,851,1628,1654]" pageId="9" pageNumber="103">natural forest</collectedFrom>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCode id="503D9E8DFFC59575CF0AA550FBC82A63" box="[862,1054,1628,1654]" collectionCode="CTU-EW" pageId="9" pageNumber="103">CTU-EW.183.04</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC59575C871A550FBF92A63" bold="true" box="[1061,1071,1628,1654]" pageId="9" pageNumber="103">•</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="B0F33CABFFC59575C862A550FDB62AD5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3081186319" collectedFrom="residential gardens" collectingDate="2019-10-18" collectionCode="CTU-EW" collectorName="Nguyen Thanh Tung & Nguyen Thi Bao Ngoc" country="Vietnam" elevation="10" latitude="8.733055" location="Con Son Island" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="106.622505" pageId="9" pageNumber="103" specimenCode="CTU-EW.183.05" specimenCount="55" stateProvince="Ba Ria-Vung Tau">
|
||
<specimenCount id="169DFD7FFFC59575C862A550FB602A62" box="[1078,1206,1628,1655]" pageId="9" pageNumber="103">55 matures</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<location id="0544602DFFC59575C895A550FAA52A63" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:883287E0FFC59571CE34A1E1FACB2E01:0544602DFFC59575C895A550FAA52A63" box="[1217,1395,1628,1654]" country="Vietnam" latitude="8.733055" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="106.622505" name="Con Son Island" pageId="9" pageNumber="103" stateProvince="Ba Ria-Vung Tau">Con Son Island</location>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="65AF5031FFC59575CCE9A573FE962A8E" box="[189,320,1663,1691]" degrees="8" direction="north" minutes="43" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="103" precision="15" seconds="59" value="8.733055">8°43′59″ N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="65AF5031FFC59575CD18A573FE3F2A8E" box="[332,489,1663,1691]" degrees="106" direction="east" minutes="37" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="103" precision="15" seconds="21" value="106.622505">106°37′21″ E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<elevation id="8BB6D1C5FFC59575CDA0A58DFDBA2A8E" box="[500,620,1665,1691]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="103" unit="m" value="10.0">
|
||
<quantity id="C7639B13FFC59575CDA0A58DFDF92A8E" box="[500,559,1665,1691]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="103" unit="m" value="10.0">10 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l.
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
;
|
||
<date id="74251036FFC59575CE2CA58DFCD92A8E" box="[632,783,1665,1691]" pageId="9" pageNumber="103" value="2019-10-18">
|
||
<collectingDate id="6461E9DEFFC59575CE2CA58DFCD92A8E" box="[632,783,1665,1691]" pageId="9" pageNumber="103" value="2019-10-18">18 Oct. 2019</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName id="AD6E5320FFC59575CF4EA58DFBD32A8E" box="[794,1029,1665,1691]" pageId="9" pageNumber="103">Nguyen Thanh Tung</collectorName>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectorName id="AD6E5320FFC59575C868A58DFAE92A8E" box="[1084,1343,1665,1691]" pageId="9" pageNumber="103">Nguyen Thi Bao Ngoc</collectorName>
|
||
leg.;
|
||
<collectedFrom id="B387750BFFC59575CCE9A5A9FE442AAA" box="[189,402,1701,1727]" pageId="9" pageNumber="103">residential gardens</collectedFrom>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCode id="503D9E8DFFC59575CDC9A5A9FDB62AD5" box="[413,608,1701,1728]" collectionCode="CTU-EW" pageId="9" pageNumber="103">CTU-EW.183.05</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="4881657DFFC59577CCE9A5E4FABE287F" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="105" pageId="9" pageNumber="103" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="002436F6FFC59575CCE9A5E4FE982B17" blockId="9.[189,334,1768,1794]" box="[189,334,1768,1794]" pageId="9" pageNumber="103">
|
||
<heading id="5B6C819AFFC59575CCE9A5E4FE982B17" bold="true" box="[189,334,1768,1794]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="103" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC59575CCE9A5E4FE982B17" bold="true" box="[189,334,1768,1794]" pageId="9" pageNumber="103">Description</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="002436F6FFC59575CCE9A414FB862BFD" blockId="9.[189,1399,1815,2025]" pageId="9" pageNumber="103">
|
||
Body cylindrical, medium-sized worms. Length
|
||
<quantity id="C7639B13FFC59575CF55A41BFC452B27" box="[769,915,1815,1842]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2449999999999999" metricValueMax="1.85" metricValueMin="0.64" pageId="9" pageNumber="103" unit="mm" value="124.5" valueMax="185.0" valueMin="64.0">64–185 mm</quantity>
|
||
, diameter ca 3.0–6.0 mm, segments 79– 124, weight 1.1–3.9 gr. Dorsum slightly dark grey with reddish browns stripes or absent, ventrum paler. Prostomium epilobous. First dorsal pore in 12/13. Perichaetine; setae at pre-clitellar segments stouter and sparser than that at post-clitella segments; setal numbers:
|
||
<quantity id="C7639B13FFC59575CFDFA489FC242B8A" box="[907,1010,1925,1952]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1303" metricValueMax="1.2953999999999999" metricValueMin="0.9652" pageId="9" pageNumber="103" unit="in" value="44.5" valueMax="51.0" valueMin="38.0">38–51 in</quantity>
|
||
viii,
|
||
<quantity id="C7639B13FFC59575C879A489FB422B8A" box="[1069,1172,1925,1952]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3081" metricValueMax="1.4478" metricValueMin="1.1684" pageId="9" pageNumber="103" unit="in" value="51.5" valueMax="57.0" valueMin="46.0">46–57 in</quantity>
|
||
xxx, 8–13 between
|
||
<specimenCount id="169DFD7FFFC59575CCE9A4A6FEFA2BD1" box="[189,300,1962,1988]" pageId="9" pageNumber="103" type="male">two male</specimenCount>
|
||
pores on xviii. Setal distance: aa> ab, zz = zy. Clitellum annular (3/4xiv–3/4xvi), slightly brown, without dorsal pores and setae. Female pore single, mid-ventral in xiv.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="002436F6FFC69576CCE9A205FE642DA5" blockId="10.[189,1399,265,432]" pageId="10" pageNumber="104">Five pairs of spermathecal pores on ventrolateral intersegments 4/5/6/7/8/9. Ventral distance between spermathecal pores ca 0.38–0.45 body circumference. Genital markings absent in spermathecal region. Male pores on line with setal ring in xviii; copulatory pouches present; ventral distance between male pores is 0.38 body circumference. One pair of flat ellipsoidal genital markings in xviii located next to male pores ventrally.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="002436F6FFC69576CCE9A2DBFC372E4E" blockId="10.[189,1399,471,603]" pageId="10" pageNumber="104">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="C25FF814FFC69576CCE9A2DBFF282DE4" box="[189,254,471,497]" country="Spain" name="Ceuta" pageId="10" pageNumber="104">Septa</collectingRegion>
|
||
5/6/7/8 thick, 8/9 absent or membrane (if present), 9/10 absent, 10/11/12/13 thin. Oesophageal gizzard between 7/8 and 10/11. Intestine origin at xv; caeca simple, somewhat rudimentary lobulated dorsally, within xxvii–xxv. Last hearts in xiii. Pharyngeal micronephridia developed in 5/6/7. Lymph glands sac-like, present from 27/28. Typhlosole simple, lamelliform.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="002436F6FFC69576CCE9A18DFAAE2EA8" blockId="10.[189,1400,641,702]" pageId="10" pageNumber="104">Spermathecal paired in v–ix. Spermathecal ampulla oval-shaped, ducts stout, short, about one-third of ampulla length. Diverticula shorter than ampulla, strongly and constrainedly waved, attached to the base of ampulla</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="54E4667EFFC69576CCE9A4CFFC342BC8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4709146" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4709146" box="[189,994,1987,2014]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4709146/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="104" startId="10.[189,232,1987,2013]" targetBox="[189,1398,840,1948]" targetPageId="10">
|
||
<paragraph id="002436F6FFC69576CCE9A4CFFC342BC8" blockId="10.[189,994,1987,2014]" box="[189,994,1987,2014]" pageId="10" pageNumber="104">
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC69576CCE9A4CFFEDC2BC8" bold="true" box="[189,266,1987,2013]" pageId="10" pageNumber="104">Fig. 3.</emphasis>
|
||
The distribution of the two new species in Southern Vietnam.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="002436F6FFC79577CCE9A205FE3A2D52" blockId="11.[189,1399,265,327]" pageId="11" pageNumber="105">ducts; seminal chamber small oval-shaped. Spermathecal ducts without nephridia. Accessory glands absent in the spermathecal region.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="002436F6FFC79577CCE9A263FE362DE0" blockId="11.[189,1399,367,501]" pageId="11" pageNumber="105">Holandric. Testis sacs in x and xi, connected ventrally. Seminal vesicles developed in xi and xii. Ovaries on septum 12/13 posteriorly. Ovisacs developed on 12/13, poorly developed on 13/14. Prostate glands deeply lobuled within xvi-xx; duct S-shaped, enlarged basally. Accessory glands sessile massed corresponding to external genital markings.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="002436F6FFC79577CCE9A111FEB02E2D" blockId="11.[189,358,541,568]" box="[189,358,541,568]" pageId="11" pageNumber="105">
|
||
<heading id="5B6C819AFFC79577CCE9A111FEB02E2D" bold="true" box="[189,358,541,568]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="105" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC79577CCE9A111FEB02E2D" bold="true" box="[189,358,541,568]" pageId="11" pageNumber="105">DNA barcode</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="002436F6FFC79577CCE9A141FD122EBA" blockId="11.[189,1398,589,687]" pageId="11" pageNumber="105">
|
||
COI barcode data (partial) is for the
|
||
<typeStatus id="DF208854FFC79577CED3A141FD212E72" box="[647,759,589,615]" pageId="11" pageNumber="105" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
uploaded to GenBank under the accession numbers
|
||
<accessionNumber id="1FC8AB15FFC79577CCE9A17DFE982E9E" box="[189,334,625,651]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/MW076201" pageId="11" pageNumber="105">MW076201</accessionNumber>
|
||
,
|
||
<accessionNumber id="1FC8AB15FFC79577CD08A17DFE3C2E9E" box="[348,490,625,651]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/MW076202" pageId="11" pageNumber="105">MW076202</accessionNumber>
|
||
and
|
||
<accessionNumber id="1FC8AB15FFC79577CE7DA17DFD6C2E9E" box="[553,698,625,651]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/MW076203" pageId="11" pageNumber="105">MW076203</accessionNumber>
|
||
. The new species shares the identity of 85.8% and 86.1% with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C79B4D75FFC79577CCACA199FE432EBA" box="[248,405,661,687]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="11" pageNumber="105" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC79577CCACA199FEBA2EBA" box="[248,364,661,687]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="105">Amynthas</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<accessionNumber id="1FC8AB15FFC79577CDF0A198FDFE2EBA" box="[420,552,660,687]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/KT252973" pageId="11" pageNumber="105">KT252973</accessionNumber>
|
||
, KT205464).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="002436F6FFC79577CCE9A1DBFECB2EE4" blockId="11.[189,285,727,753]" box="[189,285,727,753]" pageId="11" pageNumber="105">
|
||
<heading id="5B6C819AFFC79577CCE9A1DBFECB2EE4" bold="true" box="[189,285,727,753]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="105" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC79577CCE9A1DBFECB2EE4" bold="true" box="[189,285,727,753]" pageId="11" pageNumber="105">Habitat</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="002436F6FFC79577CCE9A00AFE482F51" blockId="11.[189,1398,774,837]" pageId="11" pageNumber="105">
|
||
The species was found in the leaf litter of soil layer at a depth of
|
||
<quantity id="C7639B13FFC79577CF96A00AFBFA2F34" box="[962,1068,774,801]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="105" unit="cm" value="5.0" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="0.0">0–10 cm</quantity>
|
||
, near streams, and scattered on Con Son Island.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="002436F6FFC79577CCE9A060FEE82F93" blockId="11.[189,318,876,902]" box="[189,318,876,902]" pageId="11" pageNumber="105">
|
||
<heading id="5B6C819AFFC79577CCE9A060FEE82F93" bold="true" box="[189,318,876,902]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="105" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC79577CCE9A060FEE82F93" bold="true" box="[189,318,876,902]" pageId="11" pageNumber="105">Variations</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="002436F6FFC79577CCE9A090FABE287F" blockId="11.[189,1399,924,1131]" pageId="11" pageNumber="105">
|
||
There are two morphological
|
||
<typeStatus id="DF208854FFC79577CE43A090FD832FA3" box="[535,597,924,950]" pageId="11" pageNumber="105">types</typeStatus>
|
||
found on Con Son Island. The first
|
||
<typeStatus id="DF208854FFC79577CFA7A090FBF02FA3" box="[1011,1062,924,950]" pageId="11" pageNumber="105">type</typeStatus>
|
||
was found in natural forests, with the presence of reddish-brown stripes, a bigger size (l =
|
||
<quantity id="C7639B13FFC79577CFCCA0CCFBEE2FCF" box="[920,1080,960,986]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.515" metricValueMax="1.7" metricValueMin="1.33" pageId="11" pageNumber="105" unit="mm" value="151.5" valueMax="170.0" valueMin="133.0">133–170 mm</quantity>
|
||
, d = 5.0–
|
||
<quantity id="C7639B13FFC79577C8FDA0CCFAD12FCF" box="[1193,1287,960,987]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="11" pageNumber="105" unit="mm" value="6.5">6.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
), the first dorsal pore in 13/14 and ventral distance between spermathecal pores ca 0.38–0.4 body circumference. The second
|
||
<typeStatus id="DF208854FFC79577CD1CA704FEAD2837" box="[328,379,1032,1058]" pageId="11" pageNumber="105">type</typeStatus>
|
||
found in residential gardens and forest edges exhibited no stripes, a smaller size (l =
|
||
<quantity id="C7639B13FFC79577C91FA704FEF62853" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.3" metricValueMax="12.2" metricValueMin="6.4" pageId="11" pageNumber="105" unit="mm" value="93.0" valueMax="122.0" valueMin="64.0">64– 122 mm</quantity>
|
||
, d = 3.0–
|
||
<quantity id="C7639B13FFC79577CDDCA720FE332853" box="[392,485,1068,1094]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" pageId="11" pageNumber="105" unit="mm" value="3.4">3.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
), the first dorsal pore in 12/13 and ventral distance between spermathecal pores ca 0.43–0.45 body circumference. The COI genetic distance also showed the variations of 2.2–11.3%.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="4881657DFFC79577CCE9A79EFE562BFD" pageId="11" pageNumber="105" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="002436F6FFC79577CCE9A79EFEF928B9" blockId="11.[189,303,1170,1196]" box="[189,303,1170,1196]" pageId="11" pageNumber="105">
|
||
<heading id="5B6C819AFFC79577CCE9A79EFEF928B9" bold="true" box="[189,303,1170,1196]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="105" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC79577CCE9A79EFEF928B9" bold="true" box="[189,303,1170,1196]" pageId="11" pageNumber="105">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="002436F6FFC79577CCE9A7CDFE9129A1" blockId="11.[189,1400,1217,1460]" pageId="11" pageNumber="105">
|
||
A few
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C79B4D75FFC79577CD5BA7CDFE0A28CE" box="[271,476,1217,1243]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="11" pageNumber="105" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC79577CD5BA7CDFE5428CE" box="[271,386,1217,1243]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="105">Metaphire</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have been described with five pairs of spermathecal pores, including
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C79B4D75FFC79577C953A7CEFE9728EA" authorityName="Goto & Hatai" authorityYear="1899" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="11" pageNumber="105" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="megascolidioides">
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC79577C953A7CEFE9728EA" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="105">M. megascolidioides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C79B4D75FFC79577CD26A7EAFD4028EA" authority="Michaelsen, 1934" authorityName="Michaelsen" authorityYear="1934" box="[370,662,1253,1279]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="11" pageNumber="105" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="fordi">
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC79577CD26A7EAFE1D28EA" box="[370,459,1253,1279]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="105">M. fordi</emphasis>
|
||
Michaelsen, 1934
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.The new species is very similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C79B4D75FFC79577C85AA7EAFB2528EA" authorityName="Goto & Hatai" authorityYear="1899" box="[1038,1267,1253,1279]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="11" pageNumber="105" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="megascolidioides">
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC79577C85AA7EAFB2528EA" box="[1038,1267,1253,1279]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="105">M. megascolidioides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with its first dorsal pore in 12/13 and an absence of genital markings in the spermathecal region. However,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C79B4D75FFC79577C89AA606FAA12936" authority="Nguyen & Lam & Nguyen, 2021" authorityName="Nguyen & Lam & Nguyen" authorityYear="2021" box="[1230,1399,1289,1315]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="11" pageNumber="105" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="decemtheca" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC79577C89AA606FAA12936" box="[1230,1399,1289,1315]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="105">M. decemtheca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="29DC579FFFC79577CCE9A622FEC2295D" box="[189,276,1326,1352]" pageId="11" pageNumber="105" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is distinguished by having male pores on xviii, a pair of genital markings in xviii, separate intestinal caeca and a small size (l =
|
||
<quantity id="C7639B13FFC79577CDB6A65DFDBD2979" box="[482,619,1361,1388]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2449999999999999" metricValueMax="1.85" metricValueMin="0.64" pageId="11" pageNumber="105" unit="mm" value="124.5" valueMax="185.0" valueMin="64.0">64–185 mm</quantity>
|
||
, d = 3.0–6.0 mm) whereas
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C79B4D75FFC79577CFC1A65EFBAD297E" authorityName="Goto & Hatai" authorityYear="1899" box="[917,1147,1361,1387]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="11" pageNumber="105" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="megascolidioides">
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC79577CFC1A65EFBAD297E" box="[917,1147,1361,1387]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="105">M. megascolidioides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has male pores on xix, three pairs of genital markings in xvii, xviii and xx, manicate intestinal caeca and a larger size (l =
|
||
<quantity id="C7639B13FFC79577C945A679FAA52985" box="[1297,1395,1397,1424]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="11" pageNumber="105" unit="mm" value="240.0">240 mm</quantity>
|
||
, d =
|
||
<quantity id="C7639B13FFC79577CCBCA695FEED29A1" box="[232,315,1433,1460]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="11" pageNumber="105" unit="mm" value="15.0">15 mm</quantity>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="002436F6FFC79577CCE9A6D7FC622A90" blockId="11.[189,1399,1499,1669]" pageId="11" pageNumber="105">
|
||
The new species is also distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C79B4D75FFC79577CEE9A6D0FCCA29E0" authorityName="Michaelsen" authorityYear="1934" box="[701,796,1499,1525]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="11" pageNumber="105" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="fordi">
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC79577CEE9A6D0FCCA29E0" box="[701,796,1499,1525]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="105">M. fordi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by having a larger size (l =
|
||
<quantity id="C7639B13FFC79577C820A6D7FAD429E3" box="[1140,1282,1499,1526]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2449999999999999" metricValueMax="1.85" metricValueMin="0.64" pageId="11" pageNumber="105" unit="mm" value="124.5" valueMax="185.0" valueMin="64.0">64–185 mm</quantity>
|
||
, d = 3.0– 6.0 mm vs l =
|
||
<quantity id="C7639B13FFC79577CD2DA6F3FE2C2A0F" box="[377,506,1535,1562]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.7" metricValueMax="6.4" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="105" unit="mm" value="57.0" valueMax="64.0" valueMin="50.0">50–64 mm</quantity>
|
||
, d =
|
||
<quantity id="C7639B13FFC79577CE14A6F3FD6F2A0F" box="[576,697,1535,1562]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="105" unit="mm" value="1.25" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.0">1–1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
) and the first dorsal pore in 12/13 (vs 11/12). Additionally,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C79B4D75FFC79577CCE9A528FEB12A28" authority="Nguyen & Lam & Nguyen, 2021" authorityName="Nguyen & Lam & Nguyen" authorityYear="2021" box="[189,359,1571,1597]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="11" pageNumber="105" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="decemtheca" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC79577CCE9A528FEB12A28" box="[189,359,1571,1597]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="105">M. decemtheca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="29DC579FFFC79577CD3AA528FE132A2B" box="[366,453,1572,1598]" pageId="11" pageNumber="105" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
has no genital markings in the spermathecal region, but does have one pair of large, round genital markings located next to the openings of copulatory pouches in xviii. By contrast,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C79B4D75FFC79577C8BBA544FA9C2A74" authorityName="Michaelsen" authorityYear="1934" box="[1263,1354,1607,1633]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="11" pageNumber="105" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="fordi">
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC79577C8BBA544FA9C2A74" box="[1263,1354,1607,1633]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="105">M. fordi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has small circular papillae paired in both spermathecal and male regions.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="002436F6FFC79577CCE9A5A2FE562BFD" blockId="11.[189,1400,1710,2024]" pageId="11" pageNumber="105">
|
||
In terms of the morphology of the male region, the new species is very similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C79B4D75FFC79577C84FA5A2FEEE2AF9" authority="Nguyen & Lam, 2017" authorityName="Nguyen & Lam" authorityYear="2017" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="11" pageNumber="105" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="grandiverticulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC79577C84FA5A2FAD62ADD" box="[1051,1280,1710,1736]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="105">M. grandiverticulata</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="640A4B07FFC79577C957A5A2FEEE2AF9" author="Nguyen T. T. & Nguyen P. H. & Truong T. A. & Nguyen Q. N." pageId="11" pageNumber="105" pagination="96 - 107" refId="ref9346" refString="Nguyen T. T., Nguyen P. H., Truong T. A. & Nguyen Q. N. 2017 b. Diversity and distribution of earthworms in Ba Ria, Vung Tau Province. Journal of Science, Can Tho University 53 (A): 96 - 107." type="journal article" year="2017">Nguyen & Lam, 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by having a pair of large, round genital markings located next to the openings of its copulatory pouches and an absence of genital markings in the spermathecal region. However,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C79B4D75FFC79577C83FA5FAFAC12B05" authority="Nguyen & Lam & Nguyen, 2021" authorityName="Nguyen & Lam & Nguyen" authorityYear="2021" box="[1131,1303,1782,1808]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="11" pageNumber="105" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="decemtheca" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC79577C83FA5FAFAC12B05" box="[1131,1303,1782,1808]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="105">M. decemtheca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="29DC579FFFC79577C94BA5FAFAAE2B05" box="[1311,1400,1782,1808]" pageId="11" pageNumber="105" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
has five pairs of spermathecal pores on 4/5/6/7/8/9, a larger size (l =
|
||
<quantity id="C7639B13FFC79577CFF8A415FBE32B21" box="[940,1077,1817,1844]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2449999999999999" metricValueMax="1.85" metricValueMin="0.64" pageId="11" pageNumber="105" unit="mm" value="124.5" valueMax="185.0" valueMin="64.0">64–185 mm</quantity>
|
||
, d = 3.0–6.0 mm), connected testis sacs, oval-shaped spermathecal ampulla, stout ducts, strongly and constrainedly waved diverticula and a small oval-shaped seminal chamber. Meanwhile,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C79B4D75FFC79577CEA2A46EFC082B69" authorityName="Nguyen & Lam" authorityYear="2017" box="[758,990,1890,1916]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="11" pageNumber="105" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="grandiverticulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC79577CEA2A46EFC082B69" box="[758,990,1890,1916]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="105">M. grandiverticulata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has four pairs of spermathecal pores on 5/6/7/8/9, a smaller size (l =
|
||
<quantity id="C7639B13FFC79577CE61A48AFD622BB5" box="[565,692,1926,1952]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.05" metricValueMax="9.2" metricValueMin="6.9" pageId="11" pageNumber="105" unit="mm" value="80.5" valueMax="92.0" valueMin="69.0">69–92 mm</quantity>
|
||
, d =
|
||
<quantity id="C7639B13FFC79577CEA0A48AFC542BB5" box="[756,898,1926,1952]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="2.7" metricValueMin="2.3" pageId="11" pageNumber="105" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="2.7" valueMin="2.3">2.3–2.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
), separated testis sacs, a small heart-shaped spermathecal ampulla, extremely short muscular ducts, stout and long unwaved diverticula and a bullet-shaped seminal chamber.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="54E4667EFFC09570CCE9A205FCE52D53" ID-Table-UUID="54E4667EFFC09570CCE9A205FCE52D53" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/54E4667EFFC09570CCE9A205FCE52D53" pageId="12" pageNumber="106" startId="12.[189,258,265,291]" targetBox="[198,1393,372,710]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="12">
|
||
<paragraph id="002436F6FFC09570CCE9A205FCE52D53" blockId="12.[189,1398,265,327]" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC09570CCE9A205FEC92D36" bold="true" box="[189,287,265,291]" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">Table 4.</emphasis>
|
||
The K2P intra- and interspecific genetic distances between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C79B4D75FFC09570CF8DA205FB782D36" box="[985,1198,265,291]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="12" pageNumber="106" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC09570CF8DA205FB842D36" box="[985,1106,265,291]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">Metaphire</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
using the 609 bp COI fragment. The intraspecific distances are in bold.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="002436F6FFC09570CC88A278FAA72ED0" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">
|
||
<table id="729BC456FFC06A83CC92A278FAA72ED3" box="[198,1393,372,710]" gridcols="8" gridrows="9" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">
|
||
<tr id="BEAB34B4FFC06A83CC92A278FAA72D92" box="[198,1393,372,391]" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">
|
||
<th id="FD7A5DC8FFC06A83CC92A278FEEA2D92" box="[198,316,372,391]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C79B4D75FFC09570CC88A278FEF02D92" baseAuthorityName="Gates" baseAuthorityYear="1945" box="[220,294,372,391]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="12" pageNumber="106" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="bahli">
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC09570CC88A278FEF02D92" bold="true" box="[220,294,372,391]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">M. bahli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="FD7A5DC8FFC06A83CD1AA278FE122D92" box="[334,452,372,391]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C79B4D75FFC09570CD00A278FE682D92" baseAuthorityName="Rosa" baseAuthorityYear="1890" box="[340,446,372,391]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="12" pageNumber="106" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="peguana">
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC09570CD00A278FE682D92" bold="true" box="[340,446,372,391]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">M. peguana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="FD7A5DC8FFC06A83CD81A278FD9B2D92" box="[469,589,372,391]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C79B4D75FFC09570CD81A278FD9B2D92" authorityName="Nguyen & Lam & Nguyen" authorityYear="2021" box="[469,589,372,391]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="12" pageNumber="106" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="iranomala">
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC09570CD81A278FD9B2D92" bold="true" box="[469,589,372,391]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">M. iranomala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="FD7A5DC8FFC06A83CE09A278FCC42D92" box="[605,786,372,391]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C79B4D75FFC09570CE09A278FCC42D92" authorityName="Nguyen & Lam" authorityYear="2017" box="[605,786,372,391]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="12" pageNumber="106" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="grandiverticulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC09570CE09A278FCC42D92" bold="true" box="[605,786,372,391]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">M. grandiverticulata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="FD7A5DC8FFC06A83CF4BA278FC722D92" box="[799,932,372,391]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C79B4D75FFC09570CF4BA278FC722D92" authorityName="Nguyen & Lam & Nguyen" authorityYear="2021" box="[799,932,372,391]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="12" pageNumber="106" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="decemtheca">
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC09570CF4BA278FC722D92" bold="true" box="[799,932,372,391]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">M. decemtheca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="FD7A5DC8FFC06A83CFE6A278FBFF2D92" box="[946,1065,372,391]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C79B4D75FFC09570CFECA278FBF52D92" baseAuthorityName="Michaelsen" baseAuthorityYear="1907" box="[952,1059,372,391]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="12" pageNumber="106" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="anomala">
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC09570CFECA278FBF52D92" bold="true" box="[952,1059,372,391]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">M. anomala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="FD7A5DC8FFC06A83C86EA278FB3B2D92" box="[1082,1261,372,391]" gridcol="6" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C79B4D75FFC09570C86EA278FB3B2D92" authorityName="Goto & Hatai" authorityYear="1899" box="[1082,1261,372,391]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="12" pageNumber="106" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="megascolidioides">
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC09570C86EA278FB3B2D92" bold="true" box="[1082,1261,372,391]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">M. megascolidioides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="FD7A5DC8FFC06A83C8AFA278FAA72D92" box="[1275,1393,372,391]" gridcol="7" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C79B4D75FFC09570C8ABA278FABB2D92" baseAuthorityName="Perrier" baseAuthorityYear="1872" box="[1279,1389,372,391]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Polypheretima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="12" pageNumber="106" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="elongata">
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC09570C8ABA278FABB2D92" bold="true" box="[1279,1389,372,391]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">Po. elongata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="BEAB34B4FFC06A83CC92A297FAA72DBA" box="[198,1393,411,431]" gridrow="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">
|
||
<th id="FD7A5DC8FFC06A83CC92A297FAA72DBA" box="[198,1393,411,431]" colspan="8" colspanRight="7" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC09570CC92A297FEEA2DBB" bold="true" box="[198,316,411,431]" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">0.008 ± 0.002</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="BEAB34B4FFC06A83CC92A2CFFAA72DC3" box="[198,1393,451,470]" gridrow="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="106" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1">
|
||
<th id="FD7A5DC8FFC06A83CC92A2CFFEEA2DC3" box="[198,316,451,470]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">0.166 ± 0.017</th>
|
||
<td id="FD7A5DC8FFC06A83CD1AA2CFFE122DC3" box="[334,452,451,470]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC09570CD1AA2CFFE122DC3" bold="true" box="[334,452,451,470]" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">0.028 ± 0.005</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="BEAB34B4FFC06A83CC92A2E7FAA72DEB" box="[198,1393,491,510]" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="106" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1">
|
||
<th id="FD7A5DC8FFC06A83CC92A2E7FEEA2DEB" box="[198,316,491,510]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">0.183 ± 0.017</th>
|
||
<td id="FD7A5DC8FFC06A83CD1AA2E7FE122DEB" box="[334,452,491,510]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">0.185 ± 0.017</td>
|
||
<td id="FD7A5DC8FFC06A83CD81A2E7FD9B2DEB" box="[469,589,491,510]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC09570CD82A2E7FD9A2DEB" bold="true" box="[470,588,491,510]" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">0.062 ± 0.007</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="BEAB34B4FFC06A83CC92A11FFAA72E33" box="[198,1393,531,550]" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="106" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1">
|
||
<th id="FD7A5DC8FFC06A83CC92A11FFEEA2E33" box="[198,316,531,550]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">0.209 ± 0.019</th>
|
||
<td id="FD7A5DC8FFC06A83CD1AA11FFE122E33" box="[334,452,531,550]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">0.235 ± 0.022</td>
|
||
<td id="FD7A5DC8FFC06A83CD81A11FFD9B2E33" box="[469,589,531,550]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">0.206 ± 0.019</td>
|
||
<td id="FD7A5DC8FFC06A83CE09A11FFCC42E33" box="[605,786,531,550]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC09570CE28A11FFD252E33" bold="true" box="[636,755,531,550]" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">0.023 ± 0.005</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="BEAB34B4FFC06A83CC92A137FAA72E5B" box="[198,1393,571,590]" gridrow="5" pageId="12" pageNumber="106" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1">
|
||
<th id="FD7A5DC8FFC06A83CC92A137FEEA2E5B" box="[198,316,571,590]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">0.179 ± 0.017</th>
|
||
<td id="FD7A5DC8FFC06A83CD1AA137FE122E5B" box="[334,452,571,590]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">0.199 ± 0.018</td>
|
||
<td id="FD7A5DC8FFC06A83CD81A137FD9B2E5B" box="[469,589,571,590]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">0.175 ± 0.016</td>
|
||
<td id="FD7A5DC8FFC06A83CE09A137FCC42E5B" box="[605,786,571,590]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">0.183 ± 0.017</td>
|
||
<td id="FD7A5DC8FFC06A83CF4BA137FC722E5B" box="[799,932,571,590]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC09570CF73A137FC4A2E5B" bold="true" box="[807,924,571,590]" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">0.081 ± 0.011</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="BEAB34B4FFC06A83CC92A16FFAA72E63" box="[198,1393,611,630]" gridrow="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="106" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1">
|
||
<th id="FD7A5DC8FFC06A83CC92A16FFEEA2E63" box="[198,316,611,630]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">0.177 ± 0.018</th>
|
||
<td id="FD7A5DC8FFC06A83CD1AA16FFE122E63" box="[334,452,611,630]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">0.194 ± 0.019</td>
|
||
<td id="FD7A5DC8FFC06A83CD81A16FFD9B2E63" box="[469,589,611,630]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">0.130 ± 0.014</td>
|
||
<td id="FD7A5DC8FFC06A83CE09A16FFCC42E63" box="[605,786,611,630]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">0.202 ± 0.020</td>
|
||
<td id="FD7A5DC8FFC06A83CF4BA16FFC722E63" box="[799,932,611,630]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">0.178 ± 0.017</td>
|
||
<td id="FD7A5DC8FFC06A83CFE6A16FFBFF2E63" box="[946,1065,611,630]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC09570CFE6A16FFBFF2E63" bold="true" box="[946,1065,611,630]" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">0.003 ± 0.002</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="BEAB34B4FFC06A83CC92A187FAA72E8B" box="[198,1393,651,670]" gridrow="7" pageId="12" pageNumber="106" rowspan-7="1">
|
||
<th id="FD7A5DC8FFC06A83CC92A187FEEA2E8B" box="[198,316,651,670]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">0.224 ± 0.021</th>
|
||
<td id="FD7A5DC8FFC06A83CD1AA187FE122E8B" box="[334,452,651,670]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">0.191 ± 0.018</td>
|
||
<td id="FD7A5DC8FFC06A83CD81A187FD9B2E8B" box="[469,589,651,670]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">0.173 ± 0.017</td>
|
||
<td id="FD7A5DC8FFC06A83CE09A187FCC42E8B" box="[605,786,651,670]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">0.201 ± 0.020</td>
|
||
<td id="FD7A5DC8FFC06A83CF4BA187FC722E8B" box="[799,932,651,670]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">0.177 ± 0.018</td>
|
||
<td id="FD7A5DC8FFC06A83CFE6A187FBFF2E8B" box="[946,1065,651,670]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">0.172 ± 0.018</td>
|
||
<td id="FD7A5DC8FFC06A83C86EA187FB3B2E8B" box="[1082,1261,651,670]" gridcol="6" gridrow="7" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC09570C80CA187FB192E8B" bold="true" box="[1112,1231,651,670]" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">0.003 ± 0.002</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="BEAB34B4FFC06A83CC92A1BEFAA72ED3" box="[198,1393,690,710]" gridrow="8" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">
|
||
<th id="FD7A5DC8FFC06A83CC92A1BEFEEA2ED3" box="[198,316,690,710]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">0.175 ± 0.018</th>
|
||
<td id="FD7A5DC8FFC06A83CD1AA1BEFE122ED3" box="[334,452,690,710]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">0.180 ± 0.018</td>
|
||
<td id="FD7A5DC8FFC06A83CD81A1BEFD9B2ED3" box="[469,589,690,710]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">0.181 ± 0.017</td>
|
||
<td id="FD7A5DC8FFC06A83CE09A1BEFCC42ED3" box="[605,786,690,710]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">0.194 ± 0.020</td>
|
||
<td id="FD7A5DC8FFC06A83CF4BA1BEFC722ED3" box="[799,932,690,710]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">0.166 ± 0.016</td>
|
||
<td id="FD7A5DC8FFC06A83CFE6A1BEFBFF2ED3" box="[946,1065,690,710]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">0.177 ± 0.018</td>
|
||
<td id="FD7A5DC8FFC06A83C86EA1BEFB3B2ED3" box="[1082,1261,690,710]" gridcol="6" gridrow="8" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">0.187 ± 0.018</td>
|
||
<td id="FD7A5DC8FFC06A83C8AFA1BEFAA72ED3" box="[1275,1393,690,710]" gridcol="7" gridrow="8" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">0.002 ± 0.002</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<subSubSection id="4881657DFFC09571CCE9A1F4FACB2E01" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="107" pageId="12" pageNumber="106" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="002436F6FFC09570CCE9A1F4FE6F2F00" blockId="12.[189,441,760,789]" box="[189,441,760,789]" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC09570CCE9A1F4FE6F2F00" bold="true" box="[189,441,760,789]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">Molecular analysis</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="002436F6FFC09570CCE9A021FDD42F52" blockId="12.[189,514,813,839]" box="[189,514,813,839]" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">
|
||
<heading id="5B6C819AFFC09570CCE9A021FDD42F52" bold="true" box="[189,514,813,839]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="106" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC09570CCE9A021FDD42F52" bold="true" box="[189,514,813,839]" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">Statement of DNA dataset</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="002436F6FFC09570CCE9A050FB872FF4" blockId="12.[189,1399,860,993]" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">
|
||
The COI dataset comprises a 609 bp fragment from 36 sequences of 8 earthworm species including an outgroup species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C79B4D75FFC09570CDEFA08CFD0E2F8F" baseAuthorityName="Perrier" baseAuthorityYear="1872" box="[443,728,896,922]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Polypheretima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="12" pageNumber="106" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="elongata">
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC09570CDEFA08CFD0E2F8F" box="[443,728,896,922]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">Polypheretima elongata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<tableCitation id="4D19034DFFC09570CEBDA08CFC952F8F" box="[745,835,896,922]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="3.[189,258,265,291]" captionTargetId="graphics-16@3.[189,1398,323,2019]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Table 1. Specimen vouchers and accession numbers deposited in GenBank" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/54E4667EFFCF957FCCE9A205FBF82D36" pageId="12" pageNumber="106" tableUuid="54E4667EFFCF957FCCE9A205FBF82D36">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
). The nucleotide frequencies of A, T, G and C were 29.7%, 28.7%, 18.6% and 23.0%, respectively. The GC content was 41.6%. The combined dataset contained 210 (34.5%) parsimony informative and 216 (35.5%) variable sites.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="002436F6FFC09570CCE9A704FE5D2837" blockId="12.[189,395,1032,1058]" box="[189,395,1032,1058]" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">
|
||
<heading id="5B6C819AFFC09570CCE9A704FE5D2837" bold="true" box="[189,395,1032,1058]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="106" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC09570CCE9A704FE5D2837" bold="true" box="[189,395,1032,1058]" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">Genetic distance</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="002436F6FFC09570CCE9A73BFEE72916" blockId="12.[189,1398,1079,1283]" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">
|
||
The average K2P distance is 16.0% between earthworm morphospecies. The K2P distance between species varies from 13.0% (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C79B4D75FFC09570CE40A757FCC02860" authority="Nguyen & Lam & Nguyen, 2021" authorityName="Nguyen & Lam & Nguyen" authorityYear="2021" box="[532,790,1115,1141]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="12" pageNumber="106" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="iranomala" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC09570CE40A757FCC02860" box="[532,790,1115,1141]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">Metaphire iranomala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="29DC579FFFC09570CF74A757FCA82860" box="[800,894,1115,1141]" pageId="12" pageNumber="106" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C79B4D75FFC09570CFE9A750FB992860" baseAuthorityName="Michaelsen" baseAuthorityYear="1907" box="[957,1103,1115,1141]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="12" pageNumber="106" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="anomala">
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC09570CFE9A750FB992860" box="[957,1103,1115,1141]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">M. anomala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) to 23.5% (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C79B4D75FFC09570C8B1A750FAA02860" baseAuthorityName="Rosa" baseAuthorityYear="1890" box="[1253,1398,1116,1141]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="12" pageNumber="106" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="peguana">
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC09570C8B1A750FAA02860" box="[1253,1398,1116,1141]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">M. peguana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C79B4D75FFC09570CCA1A773FE25288D" authorityName="Nguyen & Lam" authorityYear="2017" box="[245,499,1150,1176]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="12" pageNumber="106" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="grandiverticulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC09570CCA1A773FE25288D" box="[245,499,1150,1176]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">M. grandiverticulata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). The intraspecific distance varies from 0.2% (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C79B4D75FFC09570C81EA772FAB9288D" baseAuthorityName="Perrier" baseAuthorityYear="1872" box="[1098,1391,1150,1176]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Polypheretima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="12" pageNumber="106" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="elongata">
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC09570C81EA772FAB9288D" box="[1098,1391,1150,1176]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">Polypheretima elongata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C79B4D75FFC09570CCE9A7AFFE6128A9" authorityName="Goto & Hatai" authorityYear="1899" box="[189,439,1186,1212]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="12" pageNumber="106" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="megascolidioides">
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC09570CCE9A7AFFE6128A9" box="[189,439,1186,1212]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">M. megascolidioides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) to 8.0% (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C79B4D75FFC09570CE69A7AFFD2528A9" authority="Nguyen & Lam & Nguyen, 2021" authorityName="Nguyen & Lam & Nguyen" authorityYear="2021" box="[573,755,1186,1212]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="12" pageNumber="106" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="decemtheca" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC09570CE69A7AFFD2528A9" box="[573,755,1186,1212]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">M. decemtheca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="29DC579FFFC09570CEA9A7AEFCB628A9" box="[765,864,1186,1212]" pageId="12" pageNumber="106" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
). The new species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C79B4D75FFC09570C805A7AFFAD128A9" authority="Nguyen & Lam & Nguyen, 2021" authorityName="Nguyen & Lam & Nguyen" authorityYear="2021" box="[1105,1287,1186,1212]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="12" pageNumber="106" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="decemtheca" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC09570C805A7AFFAD128A9" box="[1105,1287,1186,1212]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">M. decemtheca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="29DC579FFFC09570C945A7AEFAA428A9" box="[1297,1394,1186,1212]" pageId="12" pageNumber="106" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, has the K2P divergence of 17.7% with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C79B4D75FFC09570CEC0A7CAFC5B28CA" authorityName="Goto & Hatai" authorityYear="1899" box="[660,909,1221,1247]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="12" pageNumber="106" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="megascolidioides">
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC09570CEC0A7CAFC5B28CA" box="[660,909,1221,1247]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">M. megascolidioides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and of 18.3% with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C79B4D75FFC09570C828A7CAFAA028CA" authorityName="Nguyen & Lam" authorityYear="2017" box="[1148,1398,1221,1247]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="12" pageNumber="106" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="grandiverticulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC09570C828A7CAFAA028CA" box="[1148,1398,1221,1247]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">M. grandiverticulata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<tableCitation id="4D19034DFFC09570CC91A7E5FEF52916" box="[197,291,1257,1283]" captionStart="Table 4" captionStartId="12.[189,258,265,291]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Table 4. The K2P intra- and interspecific genetic distances between Metaphire species using the 609 bp COI fragment. The intraspecific distances are in bold." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/54E4667EFFC09570CCE9A205FCE52D53" pageId="12" pageNumber="106" tableUuid="54E4667EFFC09570CCE9A205FCE52D53">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="002436F6FFC09570CCE9A627FE2429C6" blockId="12.[189,1398,1323,1491]" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">
|
||
The species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C79B4D75FFC09570CD0CA627FD8D2950" authority="Nguyen & Lam & Nguyen, 2021" authorityName="Nguyen & Lam & Nguyen" authorityYear="2021" box="[344,603,1323,1349]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="12" pageNumber="106" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="iranomala" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC09570CD0CA627FD8D2950" box="[344,603,1323,1349]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">Metaphire iranomala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="29DC579FFFC09570CE32A627FD132950" box="[614,709,1323,1349]" pageId="12" pageNumber="106" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
has genetic variations of 0.2% to 9.4%. The maximum distance between
|
||
<specimenCount id="169DFD7FFFC09570CDCFA643FDC5297C" box="[411,531,1359,1385]" pageId="12" pageNumber="106" type="generic" typeStatus="types">two types</specimenCount>
|
||
is 9.4%, but it is considered to be less than the average distance of 16%. Therefore, it is suggested that two morphological
|
||
<typeStatus id="DF208854FFC09570CF31A67EFC722999" box="[869,932,1394,1420]" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">types</typeStatus>
|
||
still reflect one species. Similarly, the species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C79B4D75FFC09570CD4BA69AFE0F29BA" authority="Nguyen & Lam & Nguyen, 2021" authorityName="Nguyen & Lam & Nguyen" authorityYear="2021" box="[287,473,1429,1455]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="12" pageNumber="106" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="decemtheca" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC09570CD4BA69AFE0F29BA" box="[287,473,1429,1455]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">M. decemtheca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="29DC579FFFC09570CDB1A69AFD9329A5" box="[485,581,1430,1456]" pageId="12" pageNumber="106" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
also has genetic divergences of 2.2% to 11.3% corresponding to morphological variations.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="002436F6FFC09570CCE9A6F6FECD2B41" blockId="12.[189,1399,1530,1876]" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">
|
||
The K2P species divergences were reported, but were different for earthworm groups, for example, 13-15% for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C79B4D75FFC09570CD04A512FD402A2D" authority="Eisen, 1874" authorityName="Eisen" authorityYear="1874" box="[336,662,1566,1592]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbricidae" genus="Allolobophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="12" pageNumber="106" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC09570CD04A512FE292A2D" box="[336,511,1566,1592]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">Allolobophora</emphasis>
|
||
Eisen, 1874
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="640A4B07FFC09570CEF3A512FCA52A2D" author="King R. A. & Tibble A. L. & Symondson W. O. C." box="[679,883,1566,1592]" pageId="12" pageNumber="106" pagination="4684 - 4698" refId="ref8629" refString="King R. A., Tibble A. L. & Symondson W. O. C. 2008. Opening a can of worms: unprecedented sympatric cryptic diversity within British lumbricid earthworms. Molecular Ecology 17: 4684 - 4698. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 294 X. 2008.03931. x" type="journal article" year="2008">
|
||
King
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC09570CEB9A513FCFC2A2D" box="[749,810,1566,1592]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2008
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), 13.2% for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C79B4D75FFC09570C85EA513FB672A2D" baseAuthorityName="Savigny" baseAuthorityYear="1826" box="[1034,1201,1566,1592]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbricidae" genus="Eisenia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="12" pageNumber="106" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="fetida">
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC09570C85EA513FB672A2D" box="[1034,1201,1566,1592]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">Eisenia fetida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC09570C8E5A512FB6F2A2D" bold="true" box="[1201,1209,1566,1592]" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">/</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC09570C8EEA512FAD12A2D" box="[1210,1287,1566,1592]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">andrei</emphasis>
|
||
complex (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="640A4B07FFC09570CC91A54DFE1D2A49" author="Rombke J. & Aira M. & Backeljau T. & Breugelmans K. & Dominguez J. & Funke E. & Graf N. & Hajibabaei M. & Perez-Losada M. & Porto P. G. & Schmelz R. M. & Vierna J. & Vizcaino A. & Pfenninger M." box="[197,459,1601,1628]" pageId="12" pageNumber="106" pagination="3 - 11" refId="ref9677" refString="Rombke J., Aira M., Backeljau T., Breugelmans K., Dominguez J., Funke E., Graf N., Hajibabaei M., Perez-Losada M., Porto P. G., Schmelz R. M., Vierna J., Vizcaino A. & Pfenninger M. 2016. DNA barcoding of earthworms (Eisenia fetida / andrei complex) from 28 ecotoxicological test laboratories. Applied Soil Ecology 104: 3 - 11. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. apsoil. 2015.02.010" type="journal article" year="2016">
|
||
Römbke
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC09570CD6EA54EFEAB2A4E" box="[314,381,1601,1627]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2016
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), more than 14% in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C79B4D75FFC09570CE8AA54DFBA52A49" authority="Orley, 1885" authorityName="Orley" authorityYear="1885" box="[734,1139,1601,1630]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbricidae" genus="Octolasion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="12" pageNumber="106" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="lacteum">
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC09570CE8AA54DFC192A4E" box="[734,975,1601,1627]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">Octolasion lacteum</emphasis>
|
||
Örley, 1885
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C79B4D75FFC09570C8D2A54DFE412A6A" authority="Hoffmeister, 1843" authorityName="Hoffmeister" authorityYear="1843" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbricidae" genus="Lumbricus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="12" pageNumber="106" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="rubellus">
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC09570C8D2A54DFAA02A4E" box="[1158,1398,1601,1627]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">Lumbricus rubellus</emphasis>
|
||
Hoffmeister, 1843
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="640A4B07FFC09570CDF2A569FD5C2A6A" author="Klarica J. & Kloss-Brandsttatter A. & Traugott M. & Juen A." box="[422,650,1637,1663]" pageId="12" pageNumber="106" pagination="23 - 30" refId="ref8692" refString="Klarica J., Kloss-Brandsttatter A., Traugott M. & Juen A. 2012. Comparing four mitochondrial genes in earthworms - implications for identification, phylogenetics, and discovery of cryptic species. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 45: 23 - 30. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. soilbio. 2011.09.018" type="journal article" year="2012">
|
||
Klarica
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC09570CE53A56AFD952A6A" box="[519,579,1637,1663]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2012
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), more than 18.7% in pheretimoid species (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="640A4B07FFC09570C8DBA569FABF2A6A" author="Chang C. - H. & Lin S. - M. & Chen J. - H." box="[1167,1385,1637,1663]" pageId="12" pageNumber="106" pagination="958 - 968" refId="ref7992" refString="Chang C. - H., Lin S. - M. & Chen J. - H. 2008. Molecular systematics and phylogeography of the gigantic earthworms of the Metaphire formosae species group (Clitellata, Megascolecidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 49: 958 - 968. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2008.08.025" type="journal article" year="2008">
|
||
Chang
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC09570C8B2A56AFAF42A6A" box="[1254,1314,1637,1663]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2008
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), 19.8% in the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C79B4D75FFC09570CDFCA585FD3E2AB6" authority="Linnaeus, 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[424,744,1672,1699]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbricidae" genus="Lumbricus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="12" pageNumber="106" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC09570CDFCA585FDFE2AB6" box="[424,552,1673,1699]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">Lumbricus</emphasis>
|
||
Linnaeus, 1758
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="640A4B07FFC09570CEA3A585FC1A2AB6" author="James S. W. & Porco D. & Decaens T. & Richard B. & Rougerie R. & Ersaeus C." box="[759,972,1673,1699]" pageId="12" pageNumber="106" pagination="15629" refId="ref8435" refString="James S. W., Porco D., Decaens T., Richard B., Rougerie R. & Ersaeus C. 2010. DNA barcoding reveals cryptic diversity in Lumbricus terrestris L., 1758 (Clitellata): resurrection of L. herculeus (Savigny, 1826). PLoS One 5: e 15629. https: // doi. org / 10.1371 / journal. pone. 0015629" type="journal article" year="2010">
|
||
James
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC09570CF1DA585FC532AB6" box="[841,901,1673,1699]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2010
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), 8.9
|
||
<subScript id="9C1F34B3FFC09570C852A59CFBD92AB5" attach="none" box="[1030,1039,1680,1696]" fontSize="7" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">–</subScript>
|
||
22.9% in the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C79B4D75FFC09570C8AFA584FEBA2AD3" authority="Kinberg, 1867" authorityName="Kinberg" authorityYear="1867" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Pheretima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="12" pageNumber="106" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC09570C8AFA584FAA02AB7" box="[1275,1398,1672,1698]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">Pheretima</emphasis>
|
||
Kinberg, 1867
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, 14.2
|
||
<subScript id="9C1F34B3FFC09570CDF9A5B8FE602AD1" attach="none" box="[429,438,1716,1732]" fontSize="7" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">–</subScript>
|
||
21.9% in the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C79B4D75FFC09570CEF0A5A0FC062AD3" authority="Kinberg, 1867" authorityName="Kinberg" authorityYear="1867" box="[676,976,1708,1734]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="12" pageNumber="106" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC09570CEF0A5A0FCCC2AD3" box="[676,794,1708,1734]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">Amynthas</emphasis>
|
||
Kinberg, 1867
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, 7.5
|
||
<subScript id="9C1F34B3FFC09570C857A5B8FBDA2AD1" attach="none" box="[1027,1036,1716,1732]" fontSize="7" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">–</subScript>
|
||
18.0% in the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C79B4D75FFC09570C8AEA5A0FE632AFF" authority="Sim & Easton, 1972" authorityName="Sim & Easton" authorityYear="1972" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Pithemera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="12" pageNumber="106" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC09570C8AEA5A0FAA12AD3" box="[1274,1399,1708,1734]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">Pithemera</emphasis>
|
||
Sim & Easton, 1972
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and 11.7–21.0% in the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C79B4D75FFC09570CF70A5DCFB622AFF" authority="Michaelsen, 1934" authorityName="Michaelsen" authorityYear="1934" box="[804,1204,1744,1770]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Polypheretima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="12" pageNumber="106" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC09570CF70A5DCFC052AFF" box="[804,979,1744,1770]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">Polypheretima</emphasis>
|
||
Michaelsen, 1934
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="640A4B07FFC09570C891A5DCFF282B18" author="Aspe N. M. & James S. W." pageId="12" pageNumber="106" pagination="89 - 97" refId="ref7776" refString="Aspe N. M. & James S. W. 2018. Molecular phylogeny and biogeographic distribution of pheretimoid earthworms (Clitellata: Megascolecidae) of the Philippine archipelago. European Journal of Soil Biology 85: 89 - 97. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ejsobi. 2018.02.001" type="journal article" year="2018">Aspe & James 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Recently,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="640A4B07FFC09570CDDBA5FFFD142B18" author="Jeratthitikul E. & Bantaowong U. & Panha S." box="[399,706,1779,1805]" pageId="12" pageNumber="106" pagination="39 - 47" refId="ref8510" refString="Jeratthitikul E., Bantaowong U. & Panha S. 2017. DNA barcoding of the Thai species of terrestrial earthworms in the genera Amynthas and Metaphire (Haplotaxida: Megascolecidae). European Journal of Soil Biology 81: 39 - 47. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ejsobi. 2017.06.004" type="journal article" year="2017">
|
||
Jeratthitikul
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC09570CE7DA5F8FDBE2B18" box="[553,616,1779,1805]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2017)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
also calculated the average species distance of 20% for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C79B4D75FFC09570CCE9A41BFEE52B24" authorityName="Kinberg" authorityYear="1867" box="[189,307,1815,1841]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="12" pageNumber="106" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC09570CCE9A41BFEE52B24" box="[189,307,1815,1841]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">Amynthas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C79B4D75FFC09570CD3BA41BFD9C2B24" box="[367,586,1815,1841]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="12" pageNumber="106" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC09570CD3BA41BFE3C2B24" box="[367,490,1815,1841]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">Metaphire</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="788C7666FFC09570CE27A41BFD372B24" box="[627,737,1815,1841]" name="Thailand" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">Thailand</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Our calculation of 16% only applies to the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C79B4D75FFC09570C8AFA41BFECD2B41" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="12" pageNumber="106" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC09570C8AFA41BFAA02B24" box="[1275,1398,1815,1841]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">Metaphire</emphasis>
|
||
species.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="002436F6FFC09570CCE9A470FE2F2B83" blockId="12.[189,505,1916,1942]" box="[189,505,1916,1942]" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">
|
||
<heading id="5B6C819AFFC09570CCE9A470FE2F2B83" bold="true" box="[189,505,1916,1942]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="106" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC09570CCE9A470FE2F2B83" bold="true" box="[189,505,1916,1942]" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">Phylogenetic relationship</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="002436F6FFC09571CCE9A4A7FD4B2D7F" blockId="12.[189,1399,1963,2025]" lastBlockId="13.[189,1398,265,362]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="107" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">
|
||
A phylogenetic tree was reconstructed for a 609 bp dataset using the Likelihood ML and Inference BI analysis(
|
||
<figureCitation id="98A02A73FFC09570CD7CA4C2FEBB2BFD" box="[296,365,1998,2024]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="13.[189,232,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[185,1393,1049,1879]" captionTargetId="figure-298@13.[164,1419,1042,1883]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Fig. 4. The phylogenetic diagram inferred from the 594 bp dataset using the Maximum Likelihood (ML) and Bayesian Inference (BI) analysis. The values at node show the bootstrap and BI. The information in parentheses are locations and number of spermathecal pores." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4709148" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4709148/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
).Two new species are clearly separated from their congeners.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C79B4D75FFC09570C872A4C2FACA2BFD" authority="Nguyen & Lam & Nguyen, 2021" authorityName="Nguyen & Lam & Nguyen" authorityYear="2021" box="[1062,1308,1998,2024]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="12" pageNumber="106" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="iranomala" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC09570C872A4C2FACA2BFD" box="[1062,1308,1998,2024]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="106">Metaphire iranomala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="29DC579FFFC09570C974A4C3FAA12BFC" box="[1312,1399,1999,2025]" pageId="12" pageNumber="106" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is a sister clade of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C79B4D75FFC19571CDF0A206FDE32D36" baseAuthorityName="Michaelsen" baseAuthorityYear="1907" box="[420,565,265,291]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="13" pageNumber="107" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="anomala">
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC19571CDF0A206FDE32D36" box="[420,565,265,291]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="107">M. anomala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with strong supports of bootstrap and BI values (90% and 1.00 bpp, respectively). Two subclades of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C79B4D75FFC19571CE6BA221FD342D53" authority="Nguyen & Lam & Nguyen, 2021" authorityName="Nguyen & Lam & Nguyen" authorityYear="2021" box="[575,738,300,326]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="13" pageNumber="107" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="iranomala" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC19571CE6BA221FD342D53" box="[575,738,300,326]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="107">M. iranomala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="29DC579FFFC19571CEB8A221FC9F2D52" box="[748,841,301,327]" pageId="13" pageNumber="107" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
are also well supported with bootstrap and BI values (89% and 0.92 bpp, respectively).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="002436F6FFC19571CCE9A29DFACB2E01" blockId="13.[189,1399,401,533]" pageId="13" pageNumber="107">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C79B4D75FFC19571CCE9A29DFE132DBE" authority="Nguyen & Lam & Nguyen, 2021" authorityName="Nguyen & Lam & Nguyen" authorityYear="2021" box="[189,453,401,427]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="13" pageNumber="107" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="decemtheca" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC19571CCE9A29DFE132DBE" box="[189,453,401,427]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="107">Metaphire decemtheca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="29DC579FFFC19571CD9FA29DFDF22DBE" box="[459,548,401,427]" pageId="13" pageNumber="107" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is related to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C79B4D75FFC19571CEE7A29EFC732DBE" authorityName="Nguyen & Lam" authorityYear="2017" box="[691,933,401,427]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="13" pageNumber="107" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="grandiverticulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC19571CEE7A29EFC732DBE" box="[691,933,401,427]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="107">M. grandiverticulata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C79B4D75FFC19571CF8EA29EFB1D2DBE" authorityName="Goto & Hatai" authorityYear="1899" box="[986,1227,401,427]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="13" pageNumber="107" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="megascolidioides">
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC19571CF8EA29EFB1D2DBE" box="[986,1227,401,427]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="107">M. megascolidioides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with moderate bootstrap support and strong BI values of 75% and 0.95 bpp. Within the clade of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C79B4D75FFC19571C834A2B9FAC62DDB" authority="Nguyen & Lam & Nguyen, 2021" authorityName="Nguyen & Lam & Nguyen" authorityYear="2021" box="[1120,1296,436,462]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="13" pageNumber="107" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="decemtheca" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="32EFEAE4FFC19571C834A2B9FAC62DDB" box="[1120,1296,436,462]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="107">M. decemtheca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="29DC579FFFC19571C942A2B9FAA42DDA" box="[1302,1394,437,463]" pageId="13" pageNumber="107" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, two morphological variations also represent two linages: CTU-EW.183.06 and CTU-EW.183.p02 + CTU- EW.183.03. The relationship is well supported with bootstrap of 96% and BI value of 1.00 bpp.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |