247 lines
27 KiB
XML
247 lines
27 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.264.4304" ID-GBIF-Dataset="869fb7d2-f383-44d3-897c-c6c0945e11a0" ID-PMC="PMC3668377" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-264-85" ID-PubMed="23730179" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2013" ModsDocID="1313-2970-264-85" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 264" ModsDocTitle="Five new species and three new subspecies of Erebidae and Noctuidae (Insecta, Lepidoptera) from Northwestern North America, with notes on Chytolita Grote (Erebidae) and Hydraecia Guenée (Noctuidae)" checkinTime="1451247710553" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Crabo, Lars G., Davis, Melanie, Hammond, Paul, Tomas Mustelin, & Jon Shepard," docDate="2013" docId="6DE07DAB4BA1CA2C9321498ACC7EDA1E" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 264: 85-123" docOrigin="ZooKeys 264" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.264.4304" docTitle="Cycnia oregonensis subsp. tristis Crabo, ssp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="89" masterDocId="FFA4FFA8FFD7DC68A95BFF963540FFDB" masterDocTitle="Five new species and three new subspecies of Erebidae and Noctuidae (Insecta, Lepidoptera) from Northwestern North America, with notes on Chytolita Grote (Erebidae) and Hydraecia Guenee (Noctuidae)" masterLastPageNumber="123" masterPageNumber="85" pageNumber="87" updateTime="1668155270344" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Five new species and three new subspecies of Erebidae and Noctuidae (Insecta, Lepidoptera) from Northwestern North America, with notes on Chytolita Grote (Erebidae) and Hydraecia Guenee (Noctuidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Crabo, Lars G.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Davis, Melanie</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Hammond, Paul</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Tomas Mustelin,</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Jon Shepard,</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2013</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>264</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>85</mods:start>
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<mods:end>123</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.264.4304</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.264.4304</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-264-85</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152040343" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6DE07DAB4BA1CA2C9321498ACC7EDA1E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6DE07DAB4BA1CA2C9321498ACC7EDA1E" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="89" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="87" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="87">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Cycnia_oregonensis_tristis" authority="Crabo" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Cycnia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cycnia oregonensis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="oregonensis" subSpecies="tristis">Cycnia oregonensis tristis Crabo</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="2" pageNumber="87">ssp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figs 1, 32
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="88" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="88" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">
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Holotype male, USA, Washington, Thurston County, [WA]DNR Rocky Prairie, 4.2 mi. N of Tenino at Plumb,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="46.92">46.92°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="-122.85">122.85°W</geoCoordinate>
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, 75 m., 20.VI.1998, L. G. Crabo leg./ Barcodes of Life #CNCNoctuoidea12243. CNC. Paratypes 8 males.
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<pageBreakToken pageId="3" pageNumber="88" start="start">USA</pageBreakToken>
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. Washington. Thurston County: Plumb, N of Tenino, TNC Rocky Prairie, elev 50 m.,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="46.92">46.92°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="-122.85">122.85°W</geoCoordinate>
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, 26.VI.1990, L. G. Crabo leg. (1 male); [same locality and collector], 24.VII.1996; Puget Trough prairie (1 male); Rocky Prairie, 12.VII.1982, Don Frechin leg. (1 male); [same location data and collector as holotype], 4.VI.1998 (1 male); 20.VI.1998 (1 male); 24.VII.1998 (1 male); WA DNR Mima Mounds State Natural Area,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="46.907">46.907°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="-123.049">123.049°W</geoCoordinate>
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, 240' [73 m.], 4.VI.1998, L. G. Crabo leg., mounded prairie (1 male); Mima Prairie, Thurston County Glacial Heritage Site,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="46.86">46.86°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="-123.04">123.04°W</geoCoordinate>
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, 120' [37 m.], 10.VII.1998, D. Grosboll leg., prairie (1 male). CNC, LGCC, WSU.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="88" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="88">The name is from the Latin tristis meaning sad, a reference to the gray color of this moth and the weather in its western Washington distribution.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="88" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="88">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Cycnia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cycnia oregonensis subsp. tristis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="oregonensis" subSpecies="tristis">Cycnia oregonensis tristis</taxonomicName>
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is distinguished by the uniform medium gray color of both wings. The nominate subspecies of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Cycnia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cycnia oregonensis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oregonensis">Cycnia oregonensis</taxonomicName>
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(Fig. 2), found elsewhere in North America, has lighter yellow-cream to grayish-cream forewings with lighter veins and nearly white hindwings.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Cycnia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cycnia oregonensis subsp. tristis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="oregonensis" subSpecies="tristis">Cycnia oregonensis tristis</taxonomicName>
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resembles superficially
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Euchaetes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Euchaetes egle" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="egle">Euchaetes egle</taxonomicName>
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(Drury), an eastern North American tiger moth that occurs west to the eastern Great Plains. These moths are easily distinguished by locality.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="89" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="89" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">
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Head - Antenna of male moderately bipectinate with each branch covered with fine cilia, black, dorsal shaft covered with light-gray scales. Female unknown. Scape light to medium dark gray with slightly lighter underside. Eye rounded, smooth. Labial palp moderately short with short apical segment, covered by short flat scales except slightly longer at ventral base; basal half yellow and distal half dark gray. Head covered in hair-like yellow scales except inferior and lateral border of frons whitish gray. Thorax - Vestiture of simple hair-like scales, light to medium dark brownish gray, slightly browner than forewing color, anterior portion near head yellow. Prothoracic collar slightly lighter than central thorax, with a gradual transition to yellow on each side. Tegula covered by long hair-like scales, lighter cream than central thorax. Legs: femur of foreleg yellow with gray ventral surface; other femora and the tibiae of all legs slightly brownish gray, smoky gray dorsally and lighter gray ventrally, tibiae lacking spiniform setae; tarsi light tan gray with a slight ochre tint, with three rows of short spiniform setae on each segment. Wings - Forewing length: males 19-20 mm. Forewing nearly even slightly smoky brownish gray, slightly darker on distal third; most specimens with a thin pale streak in fold and approximately half of specimens with veins on distal wing, cubital vein, and 1A+2A similarly pale. Transverse lines and all spots absent. Fringe white with base gray like terminal wing. Dorsal hindwing slightly brownish gray, slightly darker than forewing; half of specimens with slightly paler veins similar to those on forewing, lacking lines and discal spot. Hindwing fringe white with gray base. Abdomen - Color light putty gray with dorsal half of segments
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<normalizedToken originalValue="I–VI">I-VI</normalizedToken>
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dark orange yellow; with rows of half-round black spots on segments
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<normalizedToken originalValue="I–VII">I-VII</normalizedToken>
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comprised of a single larger spot in the dorsal midline and smaller rounded spots on lateral abdomen adjacent to lighter venter; ventral segment VII with a bilobed protuberance covered by modified scales
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<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="89" start="start">(</pageBreakToken>
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likely for pheromones). Male genitalia - Uncus short, hook-like, evenly tapered to a point, flanked on each side by a large strongly sclerotized block-like process directed posterolaterally with dorsal surface smoothly convex and ventral aspect concave, covered dorsally by innumerable velvety setae. Valve simple, membranous and strap-like, 3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as wide; sacculus modified into a large sclerotized thorn-like process approximately 0.6
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long and wide as valve, with acute tip directed slightly posteromedially. Aedeagus 7
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as wide, mesially constricted, with a pointed narrow cylindrical process arising from ventral aspect of distal third just to left of midline, projecting posteriorly and 20° toward right, and curving slightly dorsad. Vesica approximately 2/3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as aedeagus, curved 90° dorsad from the tip of the aedeagus, with a large elongate conical apical diverticulum directed
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<normalizedToken originalValue="anteriorly–producing">anteriorly-producing</normalizedToken>
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appearance of entire vesica curving 180°-and bearing a small basal patch of short cornuti. Female genitalia - Unknown.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="4" pageNumber="89">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="89">
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Figures 1-20. Adults of
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<taxonomicName family="Erebidae" lsidName="" pageId="4" pageNumber="89" rank="family">Erebidae</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName family="Noctuidae" lsidName="" pageId="4" pageNumber="89" rank="family">Noctuidae</taxonomicName>
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. 1
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Cycnia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cycnia oregonensis subsp. tristis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="oregonensis" subSpecies="tristis">Cycnia oregonensis tristis</taxonomicName>
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Crabo, male paratype, WA, Thurston Co., Plumb 2
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Cycnia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cycnia oregonensis subsp. oregonensis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="oregonensis" subSpecies="oregonensis">Cycnia oregonensis oregonensis</taxonomicName>
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(Stretch), male, Canada, BC, 5 mi W of Nelson 3
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Drasteria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Drasteria parallela" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parallela">Drasteria parallela</taxonomicName>
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Crabo & Mustelin, male paratype, WA, Chelan Co., Chumstick Mountain 4
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Drasteria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Drasteria convergens" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="convergens">Drasteria convergens</taxonomicName>
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Mustelin, male, CA, Mono Co., Lee Vining 5
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Drasteria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Drasteria divergens" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="divergens">Drasteria divergens</taxonomicName>
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(Behr), male, WA, Garfield Co., FR40 at Sunset Point 6
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Eudryas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eudryas brevipennis subsp. bonneville" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="brevipennis" subSpecies="bonneville">Eudryas brevipennis bonneville</taxonomicName>
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Shepard & Crabo, female paratype, ID, [Gooding Co.], Wendell 7
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Eudryas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eudryas brevipennis subsp. brevipennis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="brevipennis" subSpecies="brevipennis">Eudryas brevipennis brevipennis</taxonomicName>
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Stretch, male, USA, CA, [Riverside Co.], Riverside 8
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Eudryas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eudryas unio" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unio">Eudryas unio</taxonomicName>
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(
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Hübner">Huebner</normalizedToken>
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), male, USA, MA, Norfolk Co., Ponkapoag Bog 9
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Resapamea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Resapamea diluvius" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="diluvius">Resapamea diluvius</taxonomicName>
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Crabo, male paratype, WA, Grant Co., Potholes 10
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Resapamea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Resapamea diluvius" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="diluvius">Resapamea diluvius</taxonomicName>
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Crabo, female paratype, WA, Grant Co., Potholes 11
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Resapamea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Resapamea diluvius" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="diluvius">Resapamea diluvius</taxonomicName>
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Crabo, female paratype, WA, Adams Co., Washtucna 12
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Resapamea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Resapamea passer" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="passer">Resapamea passer</taxonomicName>
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(
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Guenée">Guenee</normalizedToken>
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), male, Canada, SK, 2 mi N Burstall 13
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Resapamea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Resapamea passer" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="passer">Resapamea passer</taxonomicName>
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(
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Guenée">Guenee</normalizedToken>
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), male, USA, WA, Island Co., Joseph Whidbey State Park 14
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Resapamea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Resapamea passer" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="passer">Resapamea passer</taxonomicName>
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(
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Guenée">Guenee</normalizedToken>
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), female, USA, Douglas Co., Badger Mountain 15
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Resapamea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Resapamea angelika" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angelika">Resapamea angelika</taxonomicName>
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Crabo, male holotype, USA, NV, Elko Co., Angel Lake 16
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Resapamea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Resapamea innota" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="innota">Resapamea innota</taxonomicName>
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(Smith), male, USA, OR, Lake Co., Bull Prairie 17
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Resapamea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Resapamea mammuthus" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mammuthus">Resapamea mammuthus</taxonomicName>
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Crabo, male holotype, Canada, YT, Old Crow 18
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Resapamea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Resapamea hedeni" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hedeni">Resapamea hedeni</taxonomicName>
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(Graeser), male, Russia, Magadan Oblast, Tenkinsky District, Stokovyi 19
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Resapamea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Resapamea" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Resapamea</taxonomicName>
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species, possibly
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Resapamea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Resapamea hedeni" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hedeni">Resapamea hedeni</taxonomicName>
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, female, USA, AK, Unalakleet 20
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Resapamea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Resapamea" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Resapamea</taxonomicName>
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species, possibly
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Resapamea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Resapamea mammuthus" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mammuthus">Resapamea mammuthus</taxonomicName>
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, female, Canada, NWT, Aklavik.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="89" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="89">Distribution and biology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="89">
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This subspecies is restricted to gravel prairies south of Puget Sound, Washington. These prairies were created by the outwash from the Vashon Lobe of the Pleistocene glaciation, and might have been maintained as open prairies by burning by native humans to promote the growth of camas lilies (
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<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Camassia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Camassia" order="Asparagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="89" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Camassia</taxonomicName>
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spp.,
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<taxonomicName genus="Liliaceae" lsidName="Liliaceae" pageId="4" pageNumber="89" rank="genus">Liliaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) as a food source. The moth is associated with Dogbane (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Apocynum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Apocynum" order="Gentianales" pageId="4" pageNumber="89" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Apocynum</taxonomicName>
|
||
spp.,
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="Apocynaceae" lsidName="Apocynaceae" pageId="4" pageNumber="89" rank="genus">Apocynaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), the known foodplant of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Camassia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Camassia oregonensis" order="Asparagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="89" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oregonensis">Camassia oregonensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
elsewhere in North America (
|
||
<bibRefCitation pageId="4" pageNumber="89">Tietz 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). This is almost certainly the larval foodplant of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Camassia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Camassia oregonensis subsp. tristis" order="Asparagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="89" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="oregonensis" subSpecies="tristis">Camassia oregonensis tristis</taxonomicName>
|
||
, although this has not been confirmed. This moth flies during June and July.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="89" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="89">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="89">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Cycnia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cycnia oregonensis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oregonensis">Cycnia oregonensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
is found in a large part of North America, occurring from coast to coast and from the border with Mexico north to central Saskatchewan and Nova Scotia (
|
||
<bibRefCitation pageId="4" pageNumber="89">Covell 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ferguson, DC" journalOrPublisher="Text, maps, and references. Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado" pageId="31" pageNumber="116" title="Moths of Western North America 3. Distribution of Arctiidae of Western North America. Part 1." year="2000">Ferguson et al. 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). This range includes much of the PNW, including western Oregon and the area east of the Cascade Range as far north as south-central British Columbia. Throughout most of its range it is nearly uniform in color and pattern.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Cycnia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cycnia oregonensis subsp. tristis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="oregonensis" subSpecies="tristis">Cycnia oregonensis tristis</taxonomicName>
|
||
is limited to a small area near Olympia, Washington and is the only known population of this species in Washington west of the Cascades. It is distinctly grayer and less patterned than all other populations, but has an identical CO1 barcode sequence.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="89">
|
||
The type specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Euchaetes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Euchaetes oregonensis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oregonensis">Euchaetes oregonensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
Stretch was collected by Lord Walsingham on a trip through Oregon during 1871-1872 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation pageId="4" pageNumber="89">Stretch 1872-[1874]</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Comparison of his itinerary (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Essig, EO" journalOrPublisher="Pan-Pacific Entomologist" pageId="31" pageNumber="116" pagination="97 - 113" title="Itinerary of Lord Walsingham in California and Oregon, 1871 - 1872." volume="17" year="1941">Essig 1941</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) with the flight period of the moth suggests strongly that it was collected in the southwestern corner of the state between Roseburg and the California border.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Cycnia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cycnia oregonensis subsp. tristis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="oregonensis" subSpecies="tristis">Cycnia oregonensis tristis</taxonomicName>
|
||
is separated from the closest west-side populations in western Oregon by 225 kilometers. All of the specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Camassia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Camassia oregonensis subsp. oregonensis" order="Asparagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="89" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="oregonensis" subSpecies="oregonensis">Camassia oregonensis oregonensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
examined from near the likely type locality are similar to those from elsewhere in North America.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="89">
|
||
The Puget Prairies where
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Camassia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Camassia oregonensis subsp. tristis" order="Asparagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="89" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="oregonensis" subSpecies="tristis">Camassia oregonensis tristis</taxonomicName>
|
||
flies are inhabited by several other distinctive
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Lepidoptera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lepidoptera" order="Malvales" pageId="4" pageNumber="89" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Lepidoptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
with limited distributions, including the noctuid moth
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Apamea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Apamea inordinata subsp. olympia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="inordinata" subSpecies="olympia">Apamea inordinata olympia</taxonomicName>
|
||
Crabo and several uncommon butterflies.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |