209 lines
18 KiB
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209 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.112.24897" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6ea34267-96fa-4df6-a700-49c1b357afba" ID-PMC="PMC6277488" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-112-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FFAEFFCDFF940F55FFCCFFB2A07D303B" ID-PubMed="30524186" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1911101" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2018" ModsDocID="1314-2003-112-1" ModsDocOrigin="PhytoKeys 112" ModsDocTitle="A taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Cremastosperma (Annonaceae), including five new species" checkinTime="1555330596787" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Pirie, Michael D., Chatrou, Lars W. & Maas, Paul J. M." docDate="2018" docId="47D51406B35047C518D7CEED2D8B2CC7" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 112: 1-141" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 112" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.112.24897" docTitle="Cremastosperma longipes Pirie" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" id="FFAEFFCDFF940F55FFCCFFB2A07D303B" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="FFAEFFCDFF940F55FFCCFFB2A07D303B" masterDocTitle="A taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Cremastosperma (Annonaceae), including five new species" masterLastPageNumber="141" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1668139101010" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Cremastosperma (Annonaceae), including five new species</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Pirie, Michael D.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Chatrou, Lars W.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Maas, Paul J. M.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2018</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>112</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>141</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.112.24897</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.112.24897</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-112-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">FFAEFFCDFF940F55FFCCFFB2A07D303B</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">1911101</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="156201259" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:47D51406B35047C518D7CEED2D8B2CC7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/47D51406B35047C518D7CEED2D8B2CC7" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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16.
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<taxonomicName LSID="47D51406-B350-47C5-18D7-CEED2D8B2CC7" authority="Pirie" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Cremastosperma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cremastosperma longipes" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="longipes">Cremastosperma longipes Pirie</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="F30" captionText="Figure 25. Cremastosperma longipes Pirie. a monocarp (with stipe) and seeds b leaf, flower and flower bud (a Fernandez 8872 b Forero et al. 6576)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.112.24897.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/245320" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fig. 25</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Map 2" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Map 2. Distribution of Cremastosperma alticola Pirie & Chatrou, C. antioquense Pirie, C. chococola Pirie, C. dolichopodum Pirie & Maas, C. longipes Pirie, C. novogranatense R. E. Fr., C. osicola Pirie & Chatrou, C. panamense Maas and C. stenophyllum Pirie" figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.112.24897.map2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/245291" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, Map 2</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Cremastosperma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cremastosperma longipes" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="longipes">Cremastosperma longipes</taxonomicName>
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Pirie, Blumea 50: 51, f. 5. 2005.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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COLOMBIA,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Chocó">Choco</normalizedToken>
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: San
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<normalizedToken originalValue="José">Jose</normalizedToken>
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del Palmar, mouth of
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
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Torito (tributary of
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Hábita">Habita</normalizedToken>
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), west slope, 3 Mar 1980,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Forero, E. et al. 6576</emphasis>
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(holotype: COL! [COL000334460]; isotype: MO! [MO-047638]).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tree</emphasis>
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4.5-15 m tall; young twigs and petioles black, verrucose, sparsely to rather densely covered with white-golden appressed hairs ca. 0.4 mm long.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Leaves</emphasis>
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: petioles 10-15 mm long, 2.5-7 mm diam.; lamina narrowly elliptic to elliptic, 35-60 by 10-25 cm (leaf index 2.3-3), chartacous to subcoriacous, olive/dark brown above, lighter below, glabrous above, sparsely covered with white-golden appressed hairs ca. 0.4 mm long on veins below (densely so developing leaves), base acute, apex acuminate (acumen 10-15 mm long), primary vein deeply grooved in basal half, 2-6 mm wide at widest point; secondary veins 10-16, intersecondary veins rare, distance between from 10 mm at the base to 80 mm closer to the apex, angles with primary vein 45° at the base to 60-70° closer to the apex, not branching, forming distinct loops in the apical half to third of the leaf, smallest distance between loops and margin 3-4 mm; tertiary veins mainly percurrent.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Inflorescences</emphasis>
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of single, pendulous flowers, produced from leafless branches; peduncles 5-8 by ca. 1 mm (in flower), ca. 4 by 2 mm (in fruit); pedicels 90 (less mature) - 210 by 1 mm at the base, 1.5 at the apex (in flower), ca. 240 by 2 mm at the base, 3 mm at the apex (in fruit); peduncles and pedicels sparsely to rather densely covered with white-golden appressed hairs ca. 0.4 mm long; single lower bract, broadly elliptic, 1-2 by ca. 1 mm, acute, soon falling off, densely covered with white-golden appressed hairs ca. 0.4 mm long; upper bract attached on lower half of pedicel, elliptic, 1.5-3 by ca. 1 mm, acute, densely covered with white-golden appressed hairs ca. 0.4 mm long; closed flower buds not seen; flowers green (immature)
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">in vivo</emphasis>
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, medium brown
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">in sicco</emphasis>
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; sepals free, triangular to broadly trullate, appressed, 3-4.5 mm long, acute, soon falling off, rather densely to densely covered with white-golden appressed hairs ca. 0.4 mm long; outer petals elliptic, ca. 22 by 12 mm, inner petals narrowly elliptic, ca. 22 by 6 mm, sparsely to rather densely covered with white-golden appressed hairs ca. 0.4 mm long; stamens ca. 1.2 mm long, connective appendage ca. 1 mm wide.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Monocarps</emphasis>
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ca. 20, black
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">in sicco</emphasis>
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, ellipsoid, slightly asymmetrical, ca. 20 by 12 mm, without an apicule; stipes ca. 25 by 2 mm; fruiting receptacle ovoid, 8 mm diam.; monocarps and stipes glabrous, receptacle sparsely covered with white-golden appressed hairs ca. 0.4 mm long.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Seeds</emphasis>
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ellipsoid, 18-20 by 8-9 mm, orange/brown, with many shallow pits, raphe slightly raised, encircling seed longitudinally.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Pacific coast of Colombia (
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Chocó">Choco</normalizedToken>
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, Riseralda) and Ecuador (Esmeraldas).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="habitat">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Habitat and ecology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Humid lowland to premontane forest. At elevations of 280-1400 m. Flowering: January and March; fruiting: September.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="notes">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Notes.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Cremastosperma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cremastosperma longipes" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="longipes">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cremastosperma longipes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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can easily be distinguished from most other species of the genus by the exceptional length of the pedicel, after which the species is named. The flowers and fruits of most species of
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Cremastosperma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cremastosperma" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cremastosperma</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are borne on pedicels less than 50 mm long, with rare exceptions such as
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<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Annonaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. pedunculatum" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="pedunculatum">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. pedunculatum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Annonaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. bullatum" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="bullatum">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. bullatum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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never exceeding 150 mm in length, significantly shorter than those of
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<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Annonaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. longipes" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="longipes">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. longipes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. The only species with pedicels of a comparable length is the newly described
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<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Annonaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. dolichopodum" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="dolichopodum">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. dolichopodum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, which differs from
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<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Annonaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. longipes" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="longipes">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. longipes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in the lack of indument on the flowers and receptacle. In addition, leaves of
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<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Annonaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. longipes" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="longipes">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. longipes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are unusually large, equalling the maximum dimensions observed in
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<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Annonaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. megalophyllum" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="megalophyllum">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. megalophyllum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, a more densely collected species from Amazonian Colombia, Ecuador and Peru.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="preliminary conservation status">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Preliminary conservation status.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Cremastosperma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cremastosperma longipes" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="longipes">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cremastosperma longipes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is only known from three collections from widely spaced localities outside of protected areas. Vulnerable [VU] (Table
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<tableCitation captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Summary of IUCN preliminary conservation status per species including calculations using ConR (Dauby et al. 2017). The total number of collections is shown, including the number georeferenced (thus included in the calculations using ConR). " Unique occurrences " represent those with differing coordinates, whereby for poorly collected species, numbers of collections that could not be precisely georeferenced but nevertheless represent additional occurrences are indicated; " locations " refers to the IUCN definition as " a geographically or ecologically distinct area in which a single threat can rapidly affect all individuals of the taxon present "; and " subpopulations " are " geographically or otherwise distinct groups in the population between which there is little demographic or genetic exchange (IUCN 2012). EOO = extent of occurrence, whereby the criteria contributing to endangered status are CR <100 km 2, EN <5,000 km 2 and VU <20,000 km 2; AOO = area of occupancy, whereby the criteria are CR <10 km 2, EN <500 km 2 and VU <2,000 km 2. We estimated EOO and AOO using ConR, also indicating for (potentially) threatened species where the values would be higher taking non-georeferenced specimens into account. Known occurrences (or not) in protected areas (national parks or reserves with protected status according to the IUCN; https: // protectedplanet. net / accessed 04.09.2018) are documented and an overall threat category with IUCN code is presented which takes into account each of these factors (as discussed individually in each species treatment)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/45F44CBB3BA4F892B1D1B4BC42D3B1F1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableUuid="45F44CBB3BA4F892B1D1B4BC42D3B1F1">1</tableCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Other specimens examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">COLOMBIA. Riseralda</emphasis>
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: Geguadas-Puerto de Oro road, 800-1400 m a.s.l., 13 Sep 1991,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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J.L.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Fernández">Fernandez</normalizedToken>
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et al. 8872
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</emphasis>
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(COL).
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">ECUADOR. Esmeraldas</emphasis>
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: Fila de Bilsa,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="0" direction="north" minutes="37" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="0.6166667">0°37'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="79" direction="west" minutes="51" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-79.85">79°51'W</geoCoordinate>
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, 280 m a.s.l., 30 Jan 1991,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gentry et al. 72995</emphasis>
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(F, MO).
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</paragraph>
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<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="1911251" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.112.24897.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/245320" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 25" startId="F30">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 25.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Cremastosperma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cremastosperma longipes" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="longipes">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cremastosperma longipes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Pirie.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">a</emphasis>
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monocarp (with stipe) and seeds
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">b</emphasis>
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leaf, flower and flower bud (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">a</emphasis>
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Fernández">Fernandez</normalizedToken>
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8872
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</emphasis>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">b</emphasis>
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Forero et al. 6576</emphasis>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |