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<document id="660ADBD99EB0C5DA802FEADEA35DC4E9" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1629670148498" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Wang, Ming-Fu, Zhang, Dong &amp; Ao, Hu" docDate="2010" docId="03B8714FE90C9713ACE038429033FAF3" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02412p062.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2412" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Piezura shanxiensis Xue, Wang &amp; Wu 1998" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="60" masterDocId="FF810937E90A9714AC77396F921BFFAF" masterDocTitle="Phylogeny and biogeography of the genus Piezura Rondani (Diptera: Fanniidae)" masterLastPageNumber="62" masterPageNumber="53" pageNumber="59" updateTime="1699093568718" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
<mods:mods id="1C2FE74A31E7CCE147EA39886902E65E" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="BDAD1093D0E17EA0D40D43A54C9E17E3">
<mods:title id="E8EBABDBE016510D4408A3475377631D">Phylogeny and biogeography of the genus Piezura Rondani (Diptera: Fanniidae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="40C4E8E387B255D616192D1A0AC088FA" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="DEAD984B2B2836C58B4585D4FBDC1AF1">Wang, Ming-Fu</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="0E0AFAA885734EB44369F76760D40D16">Institute of Entomology, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="C8F1FE3A93386343B2124E08FD30A12B">Zhang, Dong</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="BCBD2F0C1D7BA661AE40F7852F8BACF4">College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="E831998CA982F86DA753A7C7D877871F">Ao, Hu</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="B3CAC7FAE1D7459C065028D4C70C4657">Institute of Entomology, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="6B85B3D3ABF53C022FAFB181FC090BB4">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="3AD6E828A46915E092BE2B8A59DF9BF3">
<mods:date id="2ABAC510E46F8C6038D4DF78259A260C">2010</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="36DD377E80CAE58CA0739403AD9F50B7" type="volume">
<mods:number id="95B77106CED0C65B1C425E7F0BD7F4C4">2412</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03B8714FE90C9713ACE038429033FAF3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5314718" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5314718" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B8714FE90C9713ACE038429033FAF3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B8714FE90C9713ACE038429033FAF3" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="60" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">
<subSubSection id="C30B93D2E90C9712ACE03842914EFEE8" box="[151,853,301,327]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BAEC059E90C9712ACE03842914EFEE8" blockId="6.[151,853,301,362]" box="[151,853,301,327]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">
<heading id="D0E67735E90C9712ACE03842914EFEE8" bold="true" box="[151,853,301,327]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B9651C4BE90C9712ACE03842914EFEE8" bold="true" box="[151,853,301,327]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">
<taxonomicName id="4C11BBDAE90C9712ACE0384290A2FEE8" ID-CoL="92W8H" authority="Xue, Wang &amp; Wu, 1998" authorityName="Xue, Wang &amp; Wu" authorityYear="1998" box="[151,697,301,327]" class="Insecta" family="Fanniidae" genus="Piezura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shanxiensis">
<emphasis id="B9651C4BE90C9712ACE038429392FEE8" bold="true" box="[151,393,301,327]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Piezura shanxiensis</emphasis>
Xue, Wang &amp; Wu, 1998
</taxonomicName>
. New status.
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30B93D2E90C9712ACE0383F9301FEC5" box="[151,282,336,362]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BAEC059E90C9712ACE0383F9301FEC5" blockId="6.[151,853,301,362]" box="[151,282,336,362]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">
<figureCitation id="132ADCDCE90C9712ACE0383F930DFEC5" box="[151,278,336,362]" captionStart="FIGURES 8–10" captionStartId="6.[151,272,1248,1272]" captionTargetBox="[168,1420,605,1201]" captionTargetId="figure-404@6.[151,1436,581,1227]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 8–10. Piezura shanxiensis Xue, Wang and Wu (holotype). 8. Terminalia in dorsal view. 9. Terminalia in lateral view. 10. Sternite 5." pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Figs. 8–10</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30B93D2E90C9712ACE038F59100FDBE" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BAEC059E90C9712ACE038F596F8FE7E" blockId="6.[151,1436,410,529]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB01E777E90C9712ACE038F596F8FE7E" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">
<treatmentCitation id="0AB0E648E90C9712ACE038F591BBFE1E" author="Wang, M. F. &amp; Wu, Y. X. &amp; Cheng, J. X. &amp; Xue, W. Q. &amp; Liu, L." box="[151,928,410,433]" page="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" year="1992">
<taxonomicName id="4C11BBDAE90C9712ACE038F591BBFE1E" ID-CoL="92W8H" authority="Wang, Wu, Cheng, Xue &amp; Liu, 1992: 2" authorityName="Wang, Wu, Cheng, Xue &amp; Liu" authorityPageNumber="2" authorityYear="1992" box="[151,928,410,433]" class="Insecta" family="Fanniidae" genus="Piezura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="graminicola" subSpecies="shanxiensis">
<emphasis id="B9651C4BE90C9712ACE038F593EFFE1E" box="[151,500,410,433]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Piezura graminicola shanxiensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF80BDA8E90C9712AD8C38F591BBFE1E" author="Wang, M. F. &amp; Wu, Y. X. &amp; Cheng, J. X. &amp; Xue, W. Q. &amp; Liu, L." box="[507,928,410,433]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" pagination="1 - 8" refId="ref5671" refString="Wang, M. F., Wu, Y. X., Cheng, J. X., Xue, W. Q. &amp; Liu, L. (1992) A study on calypterate flies from the Pangquangou State Nature Reserve in Shanxi China (Insecta: Diptera). [A separate distributed at the XIX International Congress of Entomology, Beijing, pp. 1 - 8.]" type="book chapter" year="1992">Wang, Wu, Cheng, Xue &amp; Liu, 1992: 2</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
. Unavailable name; published in a separate that does not meet the provisions of a published work (I.C.Z.N. 1999; see
<treatmentCitation id="0AB0E648E90C9712AFD938D596CDFE7E" author="Moores, A. &amp; Savage, J." box="[942,1238,442,465]" page="56" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" year="2005">
<bibRefCitation id="EF80BDA8E90C9712AFD938D596CDFE7E" author="Moores, A. &amp; Savage, J." box="[942,1238,442,465]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" pagination="41 - 59" refId="ref5062" refString="Moores, A. &amp; Savage, J. (2005) A taxonomic revision of Piezura Rondani (Diptera: Fanniidae). Zootaxa, 1096, 41 - 59." type="journal article" year="2005">Moores &amp; Savage 2005: 56</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAEC059E90C9712ACE038B596F7FE5E" blockId="6.[151,1436,410,529]" box="[151,1260,474,497]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB01E777E90C9712ACE038B596F7FE5E" box="[151,1260,474,497]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">
<taxonomicName id="4C11BBDAE90C9712ACE038B590A2FE5E" ID-CoL="92W8H" authority="Xue, Wang &amp; Wu" authorityName="Xue, Wang &amp; Wu" box="[151,697,474,497]" class="Insecta" family="Fanniidae" genus="Piezura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="graminicola" subSpecies="shanxiensis">
<emphasis id="B9651C4BE90C9712ACE038B593EFFE5E" box="[151,500,474,497]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Piezura graminicola shanxiensis</emphasis>
Xue, Wang &amp; Wu
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B9651C4BE90C9712AEB738B590CEFE5E" box="[704,725,474,497]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">in</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AB0E648E90C9712AEAB38B591F9FE5E" author="Xue, W. Q. &amp; Wang, M. F." box="[732,994,474,497]" page="811" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" year="1998">
<bibRefCitation id="EF80BDA8E90C9712AEAB38B591F9FE5E" author="Xue, W. Q. &amp; Wang, M. F." box="[732,994,474,497]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" refId="ref5824" refString="Xue, W. Q. &amp; Wang, M. F. (1998) Fanniidae. In: Xue, W. Q. &amp; Chao, C. M. (Eds.), Flies of China. Volume 1. Liaoning Science and Technology Press, Shenyang, pp. 809 - 1365." type="book" year="1998">Xue &amp; Wang, 1998: 811</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AB0E648E90C9712AF9A38B596F3FE5E" author="Wang, M. F. &amp; Xue, W. Q." box="[1005,1256,474,497]" page="55" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" year="2002">
<bibRefCitation id="EF80BDA8E90C9712AF9A38B596F3FE5E" author="Wang, M. F. &amp; Xue, W. Q." box="[1005,1256,474,497]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" pagination="54 - 59" refId="ref5747" refString="Wang, M. F. &amp; Xue, W. Q. (2002) Taxonomic study on Fanniidae of China (Diptera: Cyclorrhapha). In: Li, D. M., Kang, L. &amp; Wu, J. W. et al. (Eds.), Innovation and development in Entomology. Science and Technology Press of China, Beijing, pp. 54 - 59." type="book chapter" year="2002">Wang &amp; Xue, 2002: 55</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAEC059E90C9712ACE038959100FDBE" blockId="6.[151,1436,410,529]" box="[151,795,506,529]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB01E777E90C9712ACE038959100FDBE" box="[151,795,506,529]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">
<treatmentCitation id="0AB0E648E90C9712ACE03895910CFDBE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5054253" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5054253" author="Moores, A. &amp; Savage, J." box="[151,791,506,529]" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0387A247FFA3BE2C34147A27FEB3411C" page="56" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" year="2005">
<taxonomicName id="4C11BBDAE90C9712ACE03895910CFDBE" ID-CoL="92W8H" authority=": Moores &amp; Savage, 2005: 56" authorityName=": Moores &amp; Savage" authorityPageNumber="56" authorityYear="2005" box="[151,791,506,529]" class="Insecta" family="Fanniidae" genus="Piezura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="pardalina" subSpecies="shanxiensis">
<emphasis id="B9651C4BE90C9712ACE0389593C1FDBE" box="[151,474,506,529]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Piezura pardalina shanxiensis</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="EF80BDA8E90C9712AD9F3895910CFDBE" author="Moores, A. &amp; Savage, J." box="[488,791,506,529]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" pagination="41 - 59" refId="ref5062" refString="Moores, A. &amp; Savage, J. (2005) A taxonomic revision of Piezura Rondani (Diptera: Fanniidae). Zootaxa, 1096, 41 - 59." type="journal article" year="2005">Moores &amp; Savage, 2005: 56</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF6E90D1E90C9712ACE03D8F93AFFAB8" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" startId="6.[151,272,1248,1272]" targetBox="[168,1420,605,1201]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="8BAEC059E90C9712ACE03D8F93AFFAB8" blockId="6.[151,1436,1248,1304]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">
<emphasis id="B9651C4BE90C9712ACE03D8F934EFB57" bold="true" box="[151,341,1248,1272]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">FIGURES 8–10.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C11BBDAE90C9712AD2A3D8F9100FB58" authority="Xue, Wang and Wu" authorityName="Xue, Wang and Wu" box="[349,795,1248,1271]" class="Insecta" family="Fanniidae" genus="Piezura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shanxiensis">
<emphasis id="B9651C4BE90C9712AD2A3D8F9021FB58" box="[349,570,1248,1271]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Piezura shanxiensis</emphasis>
Xue, Wang and Wu
</taxonomicName>
(holotype).
<emphasis id="B9651C4BE90C9712AFD23D8F91A1FB57" bold="true" box="[933,954,1248,1272]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">8.</emphasis>
Terminalia in dorsal view.
<emphasis id="B9651C4BE90C9712A89C3D8F971BFB57" bold="true" box="[1259,1280,1248,1272]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">9.</emphasis>
Terminalia in lateral view.
<emphasis id="B9651C4BE90C9712AD683C6F935AFAB7" bold="true" box="[287,321,1280,1304]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">10.</emphasis>
Sternite 5.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C30B93D2E90C9713ACE03C2A93BEFDE3" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="60" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BAEC059E90C9712ACE03C2A914EF9CA" blockId="6.[151,1436,1349,2013]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">
<emphasis id="B9651C4BE90C9712ACE03C2A934BFAF0" bold="true" box="[151,336,1349,1375]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Redescription:</emphasis>
Male: Body length 4.5 mm. Eye bare; fronto-orbital plate, parafacial and gena with silverygrey pruinosity, frons about 1.7 times as wide as width of first flagellomere, frontal vitta black, with thin grayish-white pruinosity, frontal setae 5, the gaps filled with few fine setae, upper orbital setae 1, stout and curved outwards; parafacial narrow, at middle about 1/4–1/3 as wide as width of first flagellomere; antennal scape, pedicel and basal 1/5 of first flagellomere yellow, rest black, first flagellomere 2.0 times as long as wide, arista pubescent, the longest hair about 1/2 of width of first flagellomere; epistoma not projecting beyond vibrissal angle, vibrissal angle behind frontal angle in profile; gena and postcranium with black hairs; palpus yellow, claviform; proboscis short, yellowish brown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAEC059E90C9712ACB33F1F966BF8C5" blockId="6.[151,1436,1349,2013]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">
Thoracic postpronotum, lower part of katepisternum and distal 1/2 of scutellum yellow, rest of thorax black; notum with brownish-grey pruinosity, with 1 brown median vitta and 2 pairs of lateral narrow vittae;
<emphasis id="B9651C4BE90C9712ACE03FD492A5F97B" box="[151,190,1723,1748]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">acr</emphasis>
in four irregular rows, only presutural pairs stout, the distance between the two rows slightly wider than the distance between
<emphasis id="B9651C4BE90C9712ADEE3F8E93DBF955" box="[409,448,1761,1786]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">acr</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="B9651C4BE90C9712AD8B3F8E9003F955" box="[508,536,1761,1786]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">dc</emphasis>
rows,
<emphasis id="B9651C4BE90C9712AE1D3F8E909DF955" box="[618,646,1761,1786]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">dc</emphasis>
2+3,
<emphasis id="B9651C4BE90C9712AEBA3F8E90EDF955" box="[717,758,1761,1786]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">pra</emphasis>
short and hair-like, notopleuron without setulae; ventral surface and lateral margin of scutellum bare; basisternum, proepisternum, anepimeron, meron and katepimeron bare; katepisternal setae 1:2, katepisternum without ventral spines; proepisternal setae 2, proepimeral seta about 1/2 of upper proepimeral seta in length. Calypters yellowish.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAEC059E90C9712ACB33E1A96F9F81A" blockId="6.[151,1436,1349,2013]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Wing transparent; tegula brown, basicosta yellowish, costal spine inconspicuous; node of Rs bare on ventral and dorsal surfaces; vein M straight; crossveins without obvious cloud; haltere yellow.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAEC059E90C9713ACB33EAC9746FE3D" blockId="6.[151,1436,1349,2013]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1436,152,1372]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="60" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">
Legs yellow, except tarsi and apical part of femora black; fore femur with a short
<emphasis id="B9651C4BE90C9712A8EC3EAC96ACF873" box="[1179,1207,1987,2012]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">av</emphasis>
row and a stout
<emphasis id="B9651C4BE90C9712A9F73EAC9787F873" box="[1408,1436,1987,2012]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">pv</emphasis>
row, fore tibia with 1 median
<emphasis id="B9651C4BE90D9713AD8039F7900FFF1E" box="[503,532,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">ad</emphasis>
; mid coxa without any hooked spines or spine-like setae on lower and outer margins; mid femur with an incomplete
<emphasis id="B9651C4BE90D9713AE0539D2909AFF79" box="[626,641,189,214]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">a</emphasis>
row, apical part with 3
<emphasis id="B9651C4BE90D9713AFED39D291B2FF79" box="[922,937,189,214]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">a</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B9651C4BE90D9713AFCF39D291CFFF79" box="[952,980,189,214]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">av</emphasis>
row complete, in distal part becoming 11–13 pectinated setae,
<emphasis id="B9651C4BE90D9713ADD8398D93D1FF54" box="[431,458,226,251]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">pv</emphasis>
row becoming biserial in distal 1/2, with 6 or 7 pectinated setae at apex, on ventral to posteroventral surfaces with numerous short seta rows; mid tibia with 1
<emphasis id="B9651C4BE90D9713A87E3867963DFE8E" box="[1033,1062,264,289]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">ad</emphasis>
and 1
<emphasis id="B9651C4BE90D9713A8003867968FFE8E" box="[1143,1172,264,289]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">pd</emphasis>
, the distal 1/2 slightly expanded and with slender and dense ventral hairs; hind coxa with 2 or 3 setulae on posterior surface; hind femur with a complete
<emphasis id="B9651C4BE90D9713ADDA383D93A7FEC4" box="[429,444,338,363]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">a</emphasis>
row, distal 2 setae stout (at least as long as the width of hind femur),
<emphasis id="B9651C4BE90D9713A977383D9707FEC4" box="[1280,1308,338,363]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">pv</emphasis>
row stout, with numerous hair rows on ventral surface; hind tibia with 1 median
<emphasis id="B9651C4BE90D9713AFBE381791F8FE3E" box="[969,995,376,401]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">av</emphasis>
, 3 or 4
<emphasis id="B9651C4BE90D9713A84A38179641FE3E" box="[1085,1114,376,401]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">ad</emphasis>
and 1 stout median
<emphasis id="B9651C4BE90D9713A93F3817974DFE3E" box="[1352,1366,376,401]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">d</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAEC059E90D9713ACB338F293E3FD88" blockId="7.[151,1436,152,1372]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Abdomen long and flattened, ground-color reddish-yellow, with grayish-white pruinosity in lateral part; tergites 3 to 5 each with a median dark vitta, sternite 1 bare; sternite 5 with dense setae, over 30 pairs, apex distinctly indented, base distinctly protruded, about 4 times as wide as long; cercal plate slender and pointed apically and weakly bifurcate.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAEC059E90D9713ACB33B5D93BEFDE3" blockId="7.[151,1436,152,1372]" box="[196,421,562,588]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Female: Unknown.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30B93D2E90D9713ACB33B38931EFA98" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BAEC059E90D9713ACB33B3891E3FCFD" blockId="7.[151,1436,152,1372]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">
<emphasis id="B9651C4BE90D9713ACB33B38935BFDDE" bold="true" box="[196,320,599,625]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Remarks:</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF80BDA8E90D9713AD3E3B37904AFDDD" author="Xue, W. Q. &amp; Wang, M. F." box="[329,593,600,626]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" refId="ref5824" refString="Xue, W. Q. &amp; Wang, M. F. (1998) Fanniidae. In: Xue, W. Q. &amp; Chao, C. M. (Eds.), Flies of China. Volume 1. Liaoning Science and Technology Press, Shenyang, pp. 809 - 1365." type="book" year="1998">Xue and Wang (1998)</bibRefCitation>
described one new subspecies of
<taxonomicName id="4C11BBDAE90D9713AF9F3B37965FFDDE" authorityName="Rondani" authorityYear="1866" box="[1000,1092,600,625]" class="Insecta" family="Fanniidae" genus="Piezura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9651C4BE90D9713AF9F3B37965FFDDE" box="[1000,1092,600,625]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Piezura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C11BBDAE90D9713A8233B37978FFDDE" box="[1108,1428,600,626]" class="Insecta" family="Fanniidae" genus="Piezura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="graminicola" subSpecies="shanxiensis">
<emphasis id="B9651C4BE90D9713A8233B379678FDDE" box="[1108,1123,600,625]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B9651C4BE90D9713A8043B37978FFDDE" box="[1139,1428,600,625]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">graminicola shanxiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id="EF80BDA8E90D9713ACE03B1293CCFD38" author="Moores, A. &amp; Savage, J." box="[151,471,637,663]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" pagination="41 - 59" refId="ref5062" refString="Moores, A. &amp; Savage, J. (2005) A taxonomic revision of Piezura Rondani (Diptera: Fanniidae). Zootaxa, 1096, 41 - 59." type="journal article" year="2005">Moores and Savage (2005)</bibRefCitation>
, working from the Chinese description and English diagnosis, treated the taxon as a subspecies of
<taxonomicName id="4C11BBDAE90D9713AD2E3BCD90E8FD13" authority="Rondani, 1866" authorityName="Rondani" authorityYear="1866" box="[345,755,674,700]" class="Insecta" family="Fanniidae" genus="Piezura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pardalina">
<emphasis id="B9651C4BE90D9713AD2E3BCD902DFD14" box="[345,566,674,699]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Piezura pardalina</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF80BDA8E90D9713AE373BCD90E8FD13" author="Rondani, C." box="[576,755,674,700]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" pagination="68 - 217" refId="ref5395" refString="Rondani, C. (1866) Anthomyinae Italicae, collectae distinctae et in ordinem depositae. Atti della Societa Italiana de Scienze Naturali e del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano, 9, 68 - 217." type="journal article" year="1866">Rondani, 1866</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
but questioned whether it was deserving of subspecific status. We have re-examined the
<typeStatus id="54AA7EFBE90D9713AE693BA7909EFD4D" box="[542,645,712,738]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C11BBDAE90D9713AEDA3BA791F1FD4E" box="[685,1002,712,738]" class="Insecta" family="Fanniidae" genus="Piezura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="graminicola" subSpecies="shanxiensis">
<emphasis id="B9651C4BE90D9713AEDA3BA790A7FD4E" box="[685,700,712,737]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B9651C4BE90D9713AEBB3BA791F1FD4E" box="[716,1002,712,737]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">graminicola shanxiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and have provided a comprehensive description of the taxon above. We also undertook a phylogenetic analysis of all
<taxonomicName id="4C11BBDAE90D9713A8353B8296ECFCA8" box="[1090,1271,749,775]" class="Insecta" family="Fanniidae" genus="Piezura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B9651C4BE90D9713A8353B829686FCA9" box="[1090,1181,749,774]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Piezura</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
to make clear the status of this taxon. Our results support a sister-group relationship between
<taxonomicName id="4C11BBDAE90D9713A8433A7D96A4FC84" authorityName="Chillcott" authorityYear="1961" box="[1076,1215,786,812]" class="Insecta" family="Fanniidae" genus="Piezura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nearctica">
<emphasis id="B9651C4BE90D9713A8433A7D9659FC84" box="[1076,1090,786,811]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B9651C4BE90D9713A8253A7D96A4FC84" box="[1106,1215,786,811]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">nearctica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C11BBDAE90D9713A88F3A7D9780FC84" box="[1272,1435,786,812]" class="Insecta" family="Fanniidae" genus="Piezura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shanxiensis">
<emphasis id="B9651C4BE90D9713A88F3A7D971CFC84" box="[1272,1287,786,811]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B9651C4BE90D9713A9633A7D9780FC84" box="[1300,1435,786,811]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">shanxiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and also indicate that the latter is not closely related to
<taxonomicName id="4C11BBDAE90D9713AF6B3A5791EBFCFE" authorityName="Rondani" authorityYear="1866" box="[796,1008,824,849]" class="Insecta" family="Fanniidae" genus="Piezura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pardalina">
<emphasis id="B9651C4BE90D9713AF6B3A5791EBFCFE" box="[796,1008,824,849]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Piezura pardalina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAEC059E90D9713ACB33A329089FB68" blockId="7.[151,1436,152,1372]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">
<bibRefCitation id="EF80BDA8E90D9713ACB33A329017FCD8" author="Moores, A. &amp; Savage, J." box="[196,524,861,887]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" pagination="41 - 59" refId="ref5062" refString="Moores, A. &amp; Savage, J. (2005) A taxonomic revision of Piezura Rondani (Diptera: Fanniidae). Zootaxa, 1096, 41 - 59." type="journal article" year="2005">Moores and Savage (2005)</bibRefCitation>
provided a key in their work to males of
<taxonomicName id="4C11BBDAE90D9713A87C3A3296D2FCD8" box="[1035,1225,861,887]" class="Insecta" family="Fanniidae" genus="Piezura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B9651C4BE90D9713A87C3A329672FCD9" box="[1035,1129,861,886]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Piezura</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
and keyed out
<taxonomicName id="4C11BBDAE90D9713A9F23A329305FC34" class="Insecta" family="Fanniidae" genus="Piezura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shanxiensis">
<emphasis id="B9651C4BE90D9713A9F23A32978FFCD9" box="[1413,1428,861,886]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B9651C4BE90D9713ACE03AED9305FC34" box="[151,286,898,923]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">shanxiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the last couplet along with
<taxonomicName id="4C11BBDAE90D9713AEF63AED9110FC34" authorityName="Chillcott" authorityYear="1961" box="[641,779,898,924]" class="Insecta" family="Fanniidae" genus="Piezura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nearctica">
<emphasis id="B9651C4BE90D9713AEF63AED908BFC34" box="[641,656,898,923]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B9651C4BE90D9713AEE93AED9110FC34" box="[670,779,898,923]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">nearctica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However, the diagnostic characters, i.e., the number of setae on hind tibia and the vitta on abdominal tergites 3–5, are ambiguous. In this work, we find
<taxonomicName id="4C11BBDAE90D9713A9493AC79304FC49" class="Insecta" family="Fanniidae" genus="Piezura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shanxiensis">
<emphasis id="B9651C4BE90D9713A9493AC79304FC49" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Piezura shanxiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be separated from
<taxonomicName id="4C11BBDAE90D9713AE403AA290D8FC49" authorityName="Chillcott" authorityYear="1961" box="[567,707,973,999]" class="Insecta" family="Fanniidae" genus="Piezura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nearctica">
<emphasis id="B9651C4BE90D9713AE403AA2905DFC49" box="[567,582,973,998]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B9651C4BE90D9713AE223AA290D8FC49" box="[597,707,973,998]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">nearctica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having the fore femur mostly yellow except for the apical part that is black (not infuscated along most of dorsal surface), and sternite 5 with dense setae (over 30 pairs, not about 10 pairs) and about 4 times (not 3 times) as wide as long. So we can confirm that
<taxonomicName id="4C11BBDAE90D9713A8843D779787FB9E" box="[1267,1436,1048,1074]" class="Insecta" family="Fanniidae" genus="Piezura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shanxiensis">
<emphasis id="B9651C4BE90D9713A8843D779719FB9E" box="[1267,1282,1048,1073]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B9651C4BE90D9713A9653D779787FB9E" box="[1298,1436,1048,1073]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">shanxiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
should be given full species status. This species is also different from
<taxonomicName id="4C11BBDAE90D9713AFAF3D529671FBF9" authorityName="Rondani" authorityYear="1866" box="[984,1130,1085,1111]" class="Insecta" family="Fanniidae" genus="Piezura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pardalina">
<emphasis id="B9651C4BE90D9713AFAF3D5291FCFBF9" box="[984,999,1085,1110]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B9651C4BE90D9713AF803D529671FBF9" box="[1015,1130,1085,1110]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">pardalina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having the frons about 1.7 (not 0.9–1.0) times as wide as width of first flagellomere,
<emphasis id="B9651C4BE90D9713AF183D0C918DFBD3" box="[879,918,1123,1148]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">acr</emphasis>
in four (not three) irregular rows, hind tibia with 3 or 4 (not 2)
<emphasis id="B9651C4BE90D9713ADF63DE79384FB0E" box="[385,415,1160,1185]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">ad</emphasis>
, cercal plate slender and pointed apically and weakly bifurcate in ventral view, and sternite 5 with dense setae of over 30 pairs.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAEC059E90D9713ACB33DBD931EFA98" blockId="7.[151,1436,152,1372]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">
<emphasis id="B9651C4BE90D9713ACB33DBD93F8FB43" bold="true" box="[196,483,1234,1260]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Specimens examined:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B79CA04E90D9713AD9A3DBD931EFA98" collectingDate="1990-06-24" collectingDateMax="1990-06-26" collectingDateMin="1990-06-24" collectorName="Coll. M. F. Wang &amp; Y. X. Wu" country="China" county="Fangshan County" latitude="37.9" location="Pangquangou" longLatPrecision="1178" longitude="111.3" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Shanxi" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="54AA7EFBE90D9713AD9A3DBD907AFB43" box="[493,609,1234,1260]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
male,
<collectingCountry id="F30680C9E90D9713AECE3DBD9113FB43" box="[697,776,1234,1260]" name="China" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">China</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="49D50EBBE90D9713AF603DBD9169FB43" box="[791,882,1234,1260]" country="China" name="Shanxi" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Shanxi</collectingRegion>
:
<collectingCounty id="62CFB8D5E90D9713AFF73DBD967AFB43" box="[896,1121,1234,1260]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Fangshan County</collectingCounty>
:
<location id="8ECE9682E90D9713A8183DBD9703FB43" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B8714FE90C9713ACE038429033FAF3:8ECE9682E90D9713A8183DBD9703FB43" box="[1135,1304,1234,1260]" country="China" county="Fangshan County" latitude="37.9" longLatPrecision="1178" longitude="111.3" name="Pangquangou" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" stateProvince="Shanxi">Pangquangou</location>
(
<geoCoordinate id="EE25A69EE90D9713A95B3DBD978CFB43" box="[1324,1431,1234,1260]" degrees="37" direction="north" minutes="54" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" precision="925" value="37.9">37°54'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE25A69EE90D9713ACE03D979311FABD" box="[151,266,1272,1298]" degrees="111" direction="east" minutes="18" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" precision="925" value="111.3">111°18'E</geoCoordinate>
),
<date id="FFAFE699E90D9713AD563D9793B3FABD" box="[289,424,1272,1298]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" value="1990-06-26">
<collectingDate id="EFEB1F71E90D9713AD563D9793B3FABD" box="[289,424,1272,1298]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" value="1990-06-26">26.vi.1990</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="26E4A58FE90D9713ADC03D97909EFABD" box="[439,645,1272,1298]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Coll. M.F. Wang</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="26E4A58FE90D9713AEB33D979129FABD" box="[708,818,1272,1298]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Y.X. Wu</collectorName>
;
<typeStatus id="54AA7EFBE90D9713AF363D9791B5FABD" box="[833,942,1272,1298]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
,
<specimenCount id="9D170BD0E90D9713AFCB3D979609FABD" box="[956,1042,1272,1298]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
,
<date id="FFAFE699E90D9713A8563D9796BCFABD" box="[1057,1191,1272,1298]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" value="1990-06-24">
<collectingDate id="EFEB1F71E90D9713A8563D9796BCFABD" box="[1057,1191,1272,1298]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" value="1990-06-24">24.vi.1990</collectingDate>
</date>
, other data same as holotype.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30B93D2E90D9713ACB33C2D9033FAF3" box="[196,552,1346,1372]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BAEC059E90D9713ACB33C2D9033FAF3" blockId="7.[151,1436,152,1372]" box="[196,552,1346,1372]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">
<emphasis id="B9651C4BE90D9713ACB33C2D937DFAF3" bold="true" box="[196,358,1346,1372]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Distribution:</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F30680C9E90D9713AD193C2D93AFFAF3" box="[366,436,1346,1372]" name="China" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">China</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="49D50EBBE90D9713ADB33C2D9007FAF3" box="[452,540,1346,1372]" country="China" name="Shanxi" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Shanxi</collectingRegion>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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