352 lines
39 KiB
XML
352 lines
39 KiB
XML
<document id="8CAE98BD6FB9FC0DD42AB94FC2DDB3F2" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.274217" ID-GBIF-Dataset="927255e3-71ba-48d3-b594-f0bb3d28eccf" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="274217" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459835914316" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Gershwin, Lisa-Ann & Zeidler, Wolfgang" docDate="2008" docId="03A4EA4CFF91FFCA67DBF07437F0EC16" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01744p018.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1744" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Chrysaora wurlerra Gershwin & Zeidler, 2008, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="15" masterDocId="FF9D9234FF9BFFC4674CF74E3262EF2D" masterDocTitle="Some new and previously unrecorded Scyphomedusae (Cnidaria: Scyphozoa) from southern Australian coastal waters" masterLastPageNumber="18" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="11" updateTime="1698223637663" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="2916E40F07C1FB48727D2B547AACC41E" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="41E4D45221764D8CC969938DE9FA4D58">
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<mods:title id="A010D31CB91D00221D1D38A6C8C9CDF3">Some new and previously unrecorded Scyphomedusae (Cnidaria: Scyphozoa) from southern Australian coastal waters</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="B711F9FF6A266DF0697DC423D8D0B02C" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="877C09FDE000EB80BCBE42B9B1C37C38">
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<mods:roleTerm id="1570BAA93E846A184BE52A744F43B6EF">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="FA39DE5689EBAC82A40D272BBD09CFD2">Gershwin, Lisa-Ann</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="69BA70DA697A9A7500C849E98501576E" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="BD7606B51B3F39A6DD015C3972821564">
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<mods:roleTerm id="385A3ABD12A3D5FE491F849FD4C67B8E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="3FA3A88B869DEC886E6D1D8BAA4A620E">Zeidler, Wolfgang</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="B668BA5327C57EFDECEF9C9A05D4EE40">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem id="82C110E451B1900D6E2BAC068D2504D6" type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo id="848094F04E33AACDDC9E247628A9AD9C">
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<mods:title id="6EFE50E7AC7B81E82CD369A9DAAB5DAE">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="086B0AFB4130E5718A59C8A53BD83318">
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<mods:date id="4AA83719200088850810DA644A1FCB27">2008</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="C29C40F3C23C5211A88B9A2A0E2782EE" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="54775E61997A3E61B07ED2FB1B049FC0">1744</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="BD234BD7D6F733B7F0295EE52A604FDC">1</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="6C9E8A179B5AD6EE23AC532D1D13DE8E">18</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification id="7D54D44F7A6827A03E90263821B4495D">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="ADA0519CA7DF3635A412FD6C37C92AE8" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.274217</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="C4E842AC482EF98AAF4F5C9394A725E2" type="GBIF-Dataset">927255e3-71ba-48d3-b594-f0bb3d28eccf</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="A50CBCA459A8B0C86C5D0A9E0E67E377" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="0087F7F75610341E0848820E226828AA" type="Zenodo-Dep">274217</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="03A4EA4CFF91FFCA67DBF07437F0EC16" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5306117" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119358937" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5306117" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A4EA4CFF91FFCA67DBF07437F0EC16" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A4EA4CFF91FFCA67DBF07437F0EC16" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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<subSubSection id="C31708D1FF91FFCE67DBF0743298E85A" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BB25B5AFF91FFCE67DBF0743391E879" blockId="10.[151,499,1850,1911]" box="[151,499,1850,1876]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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<heading id="D0FAEC36FF91FFCE67DBF0743391E879" bold="true" box="[151,499,1850,1876]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B9798748FF91FFCE67DBF0743391E879" bold="true" box="[151,499,1850,1876]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0D20D9FF91FFCE67DBF07433E5E879" box="[151,391,1850,1876]" class="Scyphozoa" family="Pelagiidae" genus="Chrysaora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Semaeostomeae" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="wurlerra" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B9798748FF91FFCE67DBF07433E5E879" bold="true" box="[151,391,1850,1876]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Chrysaora wurlerra</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24A3A33FF91FFCE66D9F0743391E879" box="[405,499,1850,1876]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB25B5AFF91FFCE67DBF0133298E85A" blockId="10.[151,499,1850,1911]" box="[151,250,1885,1911]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">(Plate 5)</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31708D1FF91FFCF67DBF0E936AAEE57" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BB25B5AFF91FFCE67DBF0E93637E8C7" blockId="10.[151,1435,1959,2026]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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<emphasis id="B9798748FF91FFCE67DBF0E933EFE8EC" bold="true" box="[151,397,1959,1985]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Material examined.</emphasis>
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<typeStatus id="54B6E5F8FF91FFCE66DAF0E63063E8EC" box="[406,513,1960,1985]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="holotype">
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<emphasis id="B9798748FF91FFCE66DAF0E63063E8EC" box="[406,513,1960,1985]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Holotype</emphasis>
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</typeStatus>
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: AM G13681, Nobby Beach, Hawkesbury River,
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<collectionCode id="ED1CC39FFF91FFCE6315F0E636F9E8EF" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15627" box="[1113,1179,1960,1986]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15627" name="Royal Botanic Gardens, National Herbarium of New South Wales" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">NSW</collectionCode>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE393D9DFF91FFCE63E4F0E63770E8EF" box="[1192,1298,1960,1986]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" precision="925" value="-33.55">33° 33’S</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate id="EE393D9DFF91FFCE6257F0E637F5E8EF" box="[1307,1431,1960,1986]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" precision="925" value="151.23334">151° 14’E</geoCoordinate>
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, coll. R. Haddock,
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<date id="FFB37D9AFF91FFCE6620F09E3396E8C7" box="[364,500,2000,2026]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" value="1968-10-16">16.10.1968</date>
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; female (BD
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<quantity id="4CF5F6BFFF91FFCE65DCF09E3168E8C7" box="[656,778,2000,2026]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.259" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="125.9">125.9 mm</quantity>
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, longest oral arm
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<quantity id="4CF5F6BFFF91FFCE6497F09E362BE8C7" box="[987,1097,2000,2026]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.27" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="92.7">92.7 mm</quantity>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB25B5AFF90FFCF67DBF7D636AAEE57" blockId="11.[151,1437,152,1938]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<emphasis id="B9798748FF90FFCF67DBF7D6336CEF9C" box="[151,270,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<typeStatus id="54B6E5F8FF90FFCF67DBF7D6336CEF9C" box="[151,270,152,177]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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: AM G13682, collected with
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<typeStatus id="54B6E5F8FF90FFCF6526F7D630B3EF9F" box="[618,721,152,178]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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(40 tentacle stage, unless noted otherwise): five females (BD
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<quantity id="4CF5F6BFFF90FFCF67DBF78E3363EFF7" box="[151,257,192,218]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.2299999999999995" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="72.3">72.3 mm</quantity>
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with 24 tentacles plus nubs, 76.8 &
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<quantity id="4CF5F6BFFF90FFCF65F9F78E317CEFF7" box="[693,798,192,218]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.76" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="77.6">77.6 mm</quantity>
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with vacuoles, 98 &
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<quantity id="4CF5F6BFFF90FFCF6352F78E36F5EFF7" box="[1054,1175,192,218]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.145" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="114.5">114.5 mm</quantity>
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) and three males (BD 87.0 mm with 24 tentacles plus nubs, 84.4 &
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<quantity id="4CF5F6BFFF90FFCF65F5F7A63170EE2F" box="[697,786,232,258]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.7" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="87.0">87 mm</quantity>
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). AM G16022, from
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<typeStatus id="54B6E5F8FF90FFCF635CF7A63620EE2F" box="[1040,1090,232,258]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">type</typeStatus>
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locality,
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<date id="FFB37D9AFF90FFCF63FEF7A63776EE2F" box="[1202,1300,232,258]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="1972-01-04">4.i.1972</date>
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; two males (BD
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<quantity id="4CF5F6BFFF90FFCF679FF65E335CEE07" box="[211,318,272,298]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.88" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="78.8">78.8 mm</quantity>
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with 24 tentacles &
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<quantity id="4CF5F6BFFF90FFCF6571F65E30DEEE07" box="[573,700,272,298]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.068" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="106.8">106.8 mm</quantity>
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). AM G13729, from
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<typeStatus id="54B6E5F8FF90FFCF64F1F65E318DEE07" box="[957,1007,272,298]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">type</typeStatus>
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locality,
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<date id="FFB37D9AFF90FFCF632CF65E3680EE07" box="[1120,1250,272,298]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="1971-08-03">3.viii.1971</date>
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; four immature specimens (BD
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<quantity id="4CF5F6BFFF90FFCF6610F67633AEEE7F" box="[348,460,312,338]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.37" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="23.7">23.7 mm</quantity>
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, 8 tentacle stage plus nubs and 43.7, 51.6 & 53.0 mm with 24 tentacles). AM G13683, Manly, Sydney,
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<collectionCode id="ED1CC39FFF90FFCF668EF62E3066EE57" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15627" box="[450,516,352,378]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15627" name="Royal Botanic Gardens, National Herbarium of New South Wales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">NSW</collectionCode>
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, no date; female (BD
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<quantity id="4CF5F6BFFF90FFCF6448F62E310FEE57" box="[772,877,352,378]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.11" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="61.1">61.1 mm</quantity>
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with eggs, 24 tentacle stage).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31708D1FF90FFCF678AF6C93024EEDF" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BB25B5AFF90FFCF678AF6C93024EEDF" blockId="11.[151,1437,152,1938]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<emphasis id="B9798748FF90FFCF678AF6C93324EE8C" bold="true" box="[198,326,391,417]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C0D20D9FF90FFCF6603F6C633AEEE8C" box="[335,460,392,417]" class="Scyphozoa" family="Pelagiidae" genus="Chrysaora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Semaeostomeae" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9798748FF90FFCF6603F6C633AEEE8C" box="[335,460,392,417]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Chrysaora</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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with 40 tentacles, with crescentic row of vacuoles at base of each central tentacle per octant; with tentacles flat and ribbon-like, in conspicuous 2-1-2 arrangement; with oral arms long and tapering; reaching over
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<quantity id="4CF5F6BFFF90FFCF66E1F696306DEEDF" box="[429,527,472,498]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="125.0">125 mm</quantity>
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BD.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31708D1FF90FFCF678AF6B1338CEAF7" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BB25B5AFF90FFCF678AF6B13735ED47" blockId="11.[151,1437,152,1938]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<emphasis id="B9798748FF90FFCF678AF6B13392ED34" bold="true" box="[198,496,511,537]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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Description of
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<typeStatus id="54B6E5F8FF90FFCF6631F6B13389ED34" box="[381,491,511,537]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Bell much flatter than a hemisphere, with fairly thin jelly,
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<quantity id="4CF5F6BFFF90FFCF63D0F54E3770ED37" box="[1180,1298,512,538]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.259" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="125.9">125.9 mm</quantity>
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BD; exumbrella sprinkled with low nematocyst warts, coalescing in center, radiating out toward margin; subumbrella with numerous bumpy nematocyst warts over gastro-genital region, smooth over radial gastric pouches.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB25B5AFF90FFCF6789F53630E4ECAF" blockId="11.[151,1437,152,1938]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Tentacles 40, grouped five per octant, lacking longitudinal muscle ridges, flat and ribbon-like throughout length; issuing from margin between or proximal to margin in 2-1-2 array in three forms; centermost tentacle in each group attached at level of rhopalium, with crescentic row of vacuoles defining attachment point; second and fourth tentacle attached somewhat more peripherally; first and fifth tentacle placed in close proximity to second and fourth, respectively, but issuing from subumbrella under fused lappets. Marginal lappets 32, of two forms; those flanking central tentacle tongue-shaped, angled away from tentacle; those flanking rhopalia bilobed at point of first and fifth tentacles.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB25B5AFF90FFCF6789F4DE36D8EB0F" blockId="11.[151,1437,152,1938]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Radial gastric pouches 16, of equal width proximally, with 45° bend in peripheral quarter to encompass five tentacles within each tentacular pouch; extending into marginal lappets, with extension of both adjacent tentacular and rhopaliar pouches into bilobed lappets. Radial gastric septa 16, distally running along rhopalial side of first and fifth tentacles, proximally teardrop-shaped with minute lateral diverticula.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB25B5AFF90FFCF6789F37E3174EBB7" blockId="11.[151,1437,152,1938]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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Oral arms four, interradial, lacking stiffness, tapering, tending to curve counter-clockwise; moderately speckled with raised nematocyst warts; longest oral arm
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<quantity id="4CF5F6BFFF90FFCF647AF31631C1EB5F" box="[822,931,1112,1138]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.27" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="92.7">92.7 mm</quantity>
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. Gonads four, interradial, contained within subumbrellar pouches; genital ostia small, rectangular.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB25B5AFF90FFCF6789F3E6367AEBC7" blockId="11.[151,1437,152,1938]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Rhopalia eight, four perradial, four interradial, finger-shaped on gelatinous base attached to body; subumbrellar niche open; exumbrellar sensory pore broadly rounded, blind-ending.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB25B5AFF90FFCF67DBF3B633C0EA3F" blockId="11.[151,1437,152,1938]" box="[151,418,1272,1298]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Color in life unknown.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB25B5AFF90FFCF678AF251338CEAF7" blockId="11.[151,1437,152,1938]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<emphasis id="B9798748FF90FFCF678AF2513323EA14" bold="true" box="[198,321,1311,1337]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Variation.</emphasis>
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Not all the
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<typeStatus id="54B6E5F8FF90FFCF669EF26E3020EA17" box="[466,578,1312,1338]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
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exhibit the tentacle-base vacuoles observable in the
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<typeStatus id="54B6E5F8FF90FFCF63F8F26E377CEA17" box="[1204,1310,1312,1338]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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. However, the other characters are constant. It is interesting to note from the growth series that the tentacles issue from the subumbrella while the lappets are still fused. This is observable not only with the first and fifth tentacles in those specimens in which these tentacles are emerging, but also in the second and fourth tentacles in the smallest specimen (G13729).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31708D1FF90FFCF678AF2A9368DE907" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="8BB25B5AFF90FFCF678AF2A9368DE907" blockId="11.[151,1437,152,1938]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<emphasis id="B9798748FF90FFCF678AF2A93331E92C" bold="true" box="[198,339,1511,1537]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Etymology.</emphasis>
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From the Aboriginal
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<emphasis id="B9798748FF90FFCF6514F2A630E4E92C" box="[600,646,1512,1537]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">wur</emphasis>
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(= fire) and
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<emphasis id="B9798748FF90FFCF6453F2A6313BE92C" box="[799,857,1512,1537]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">lerra</emphasis>
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(= river), in reference to “stinging water” (
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9C26ABFF90FFCF6212F2A632B7E907" author="Reed" pageId="11" pageNumber="18" refString="Reed, A. W. (1977) Aboriginal Place Names and their meanings. A. H. & A. W. Reed, Terrey Hills, NSW, 144 pp." type="book" year="1977">Reed 1977</bibRefCitation>
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), as “sea nettles” (i.e.,
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<taxonomicName id="4C0D20D9FF90FFCF66ACF15E303FE904" box="[480,605,1552,1577]" class="Scyphozoa" family="Pelagiidae" genus="Chrysaora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Semaeostomeae" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9798748FF90FFCF66ACF15E303FE904" box="[480,605,1552,1577]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Chrysaora</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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spp.) tend to give very sharp stings; noun in apposition.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31708D1FF90FFC8678AF17930AAE9C8" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB25B5AFF90FFCF678AF1793191E9E7" blockId="11.[151,1437,152,1938]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9798748FF90FFCF678AF1793305E97C" bold="true" box="[198,359,1591,1617]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Apart from one specimen collected at Manly, all other specimens came from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B6E5F8FF90FFCF6253F1763730E97F" box="[1311,1362,1592,1618]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality, Nobby Beach, Hawkesbury River, New South
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31A1BCAFF90FFCF65A8F12E314DE957" box="[740,815,1632,1658]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Wales</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Notably, this species seems to be primarily an estuarine form whereas
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D20D9FF90FFCF663FF1C6306BE98C" box="[371,521,1672,1697]" class="Scyphozoa" family="Pelagiidae" genus="Chrysaora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Semaeostomeae" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="southcotti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9798748FF90FFCF663FF1C6306BE98C" box="[371,521,1672,1697]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">C. southcotti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is more coastal/oceanic. Whether this is an artifact of the small sample size of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D20D9FF90FFCF67DBF1FE3343E9E4" box="[151,289,1712,1737]" class="Scyphozoa" family="Pelagiidae" genus="Chrysaora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Semaeostomeae" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="wurlerra">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9798748FF90FFCF67DBF1FE3343E9E4" box="[151,289,1712,1737]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">C. wurlerra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, or due to a real difference in habitat preference, is unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB25B5AFF90FFCF678AF1963302E8BF" blockId="11.[151,1437,152,1938]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
Curiously, most of the specimens were collected in spring. It is unclear how old they were, but it is possible that they were strobilated in the winter and were still growing when captured inasmuch as many displayed at least some immature characters (e.g., 24 tentacles). If so, this would further separate them from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D20D9FF90FFCF6263F06632A9E844" class="Scyphozoa" family="Pelagiidae" genus="Chrysaora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Semaeostomeae" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="southcotti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9798748FF90FFCF6263F06632A9E844" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">C. southcotti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which begins to appear about December-January, reaches peak numbers about February, and is gone by mid-late autumn.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB25B5AFF97FFC867DBF1E530AAE9C8" blockId="12.[151,1436,1707,1765]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9798748FF97FFC867DBF1E53369E9EE" bold="true" box="[151,267,1707,1731]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">PLATE 5.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D20D9FF97FFC86659F1E23392E9EE" box="[277,496,1708,1731]" class="Scyphozoa" family="Pelagiidae" genus="Chrysaora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Semaeostomeae" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="wurlerra" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9798748FF97FFC86659F1E23392E9EE" box="[277,496,1708,1731]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Chrysaora wurlerra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24A3A33FF97FFC8654DF1E5303BE9EE" box="[513,601,1707,1731]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9798748FF97FFC8654DF1E5303BE9EE" bold="true" box="[513,601,1707,1731]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B6E5F8FF97FFC86526F1E230A9E9EE" box="[618,715,1708,1731]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
. A. Whole animal, subumbrellar view. B. Tentacle base vacuoles (arrows). C. Blind exumbrellar rhopaliar pit (arrow).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31708D1FF97FFCA678AF05A37F0EC16" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB25B5AFF97FFC9678AF05A37F1EE8F" blockId="12.[151,1436,1812,2038]" lastBlockId="13.[151,1436,152,418]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9798748FF97FFC8678AF05A335DE803" bold="true" box="[198,319,1812,1838]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D20D9FF97FFC8660BF05A3056E800" box="[327,564,1812,1837]" class="Scyphozoa" family="Pelagiidae" genus="Chrysaora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Semaeostomeae" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="wurlerra">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9798748FF97FFC8660BF05A3056E800" box="[327,564,1812,1837]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Chrysaora wurlerra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is immediately distinguished from its congeners in possessing vacuoles at the base of the central tentacle. It bears a superficial resemblance to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D20D9FF97FFC864F8F072362BE878" box="[948,1097,1852,1877]" class="Scyphozoa" family="Pelagiidae" genus="Chrysaora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Semaeostomeae" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="southcotti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9798748FF97FFC864F8F072362BE878" box="[948,1097,1852,1877]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">C. southcotti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, described above, but differs in its much larger size, its possession of flat, ribbon-like tentacles, and by the crescentic row of vacuoles at the base of the central tentacles. In addition, nematocyst warts are less dense on the manubrium and oral arms, and on the exumbrella they appear in strongly defined streaks. The oral arms in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D20D9FF97FFC86324F0FA3763E8E0" box="[1128,1281,1972,1997]" class="Scyphozoa" family="Pelagiidae" genus="Chrysaora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Semaeostomeae" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="southcotti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9798748FF97FFC86324F0FA3763E8E0" box="[1128,1281,1972,1997]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">C. southcotti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are stiff and short, while in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D20D9FF97FFC86600F09233BBE8D8" box="[332,473,2012,2037]" class="Scyphozoa" family="Pelagiidae" genus="Chrysaora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Semaeostomeae" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="wurlerra">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9798748FF97FFC86600F09233BBE8D8" box="[332,473,2012,2037]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">C. wurlerra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
they are long, tapering, and weak. Furthermore,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D20D9FF97FFC8636AF09236DCE8D8" box="[1062,1214,2012,2037]" class="Scyphozoa" family="Pelagiidae" genus="Chrysaora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Semaeostomeae" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="southcotti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9798748FF97FFC8636AF09236DCE8D8" box="[1062,1214,2012,2037]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">C. southcotti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
reaches tentacular maturity by about
|
||
<quantity id="4CF5F6BFFF96FFC9663FF7D633A8EF9F" box="[371,458,152,178]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="38.0">38 mm</quantity>
|
||
, and has eggs in the gonads by
|
||
<quantity id="4CF5F6BFFF96FFC9640BF7D631FCEF9F" box="[839,926,152,178]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="35.0">35 mm</quantity>
|
||
, whereas
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D20D9FF96FFC96358F7D636C2EF9C" box="[1044,1184,152,177]" class="Scyphozoa" family="Pelagiidae" genus="Chrysaora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Semaeostomeae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="wurlerra">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9798748FF96FFC96358F7D636C2EF9C" box="[1044,1184,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">C. wurlerra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
most often begins to sprout the first and fifth tentacles at about
|
||
<quantity id="4CF5F6BFFF96FFC965EEF78E309AEFF7" box="[674,760,192,218]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="70.0">70 mm</quantity>
|
||
and has eggs in the gonads at about
|
||
<quantity id="4CF5F6BFFF96FFC96388F78E377CEFF7" box="[1220,1310,192,218]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="60.0">60 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9C26ABFF96FFC96267F78E3287EE2F" author="Littleford" pageId="13" pageNumber="18" refString="Littleford, R. A. (1938) A study of the life history of Dactylometra quinquecirrha, L. Agassiz, and the taxonomic validity of this species, Thesis, University of Maryland pp. 1 - 47, pls. I - XIX." type="book chapter" year="1938">Littleford (1938)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
stated that species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D20D9FF96FFC966A8F7A63003EE2C" box="[484,609,232,257]" class="Scyphozoa" family="Pelagiidae" genus="Chrysaora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Semaeostomeae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9798748FF96FFC966A8F7A63003EE2C" box="[484,609,232,257]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Chrysaora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
could not be distinguished by the age at which sexual maturity occurs; he was looking at a difference between
|
||
<quantity id="4CF5F6BFFF96FFC9652EF65E30C8EE07" box="[610,682,272,298]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="cm" value="15.0">15 cm</quantity>
|
||
and
|
||
<quantity id="4CF5F6BFFF96FFC965ADF65E314EEE07" box="[737,812,272,298]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="cm" value="20.0">20 cm</quantity>
|
||
, and found many intergrading forms. However, while it may have been true for his medusae, it does not appear to be the case for ours. In the present case the differences in size are approximately double:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D20D9FF96FFC96522F62E309AEE54" box="[622,760,352,377]" class="Scyphozoa" family="Pelagiidae" genus="Chrysaora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Semaeostomeae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="wurlerra">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9798748FF96FFC96522F62E309AEE54" box="[622,760,352,377]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">C. wurlerra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
begins to develop eggs at about
|
||
<quantity id="4CF5F6BFFF96FFC96334F62E36D1EE57" box="[1144,1203,352,378]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="cm" value="6.0">6 cm</quantity>
|
||
and reaches a maximum size of about
|
||
<quantity id="4CF5F6BFFF96FFC96633F6C633AAEE8F" box="[383,456,392,418]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="cm" value="12.0">12 cm</quantity>
|
||
while
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D20D9FF96FFC96554F6C630CCEE8C" box="[536,686,392,417]" class="Scyphozoa" family="Pelagiidae" genus="Chrysaora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Semaeostomeae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="southcotti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9798748FF96FFC96554F6C630CCEE8C" box="[536,686,392,417]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">C. southcotti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has eggs at about
|
||
<quantity id="4CF5F6BFFF96FFC964C9F6C631DDEE8F" box="[901,959,392,418]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="cm" value="3.0">3 cm</quantity>
|
||
and reaches a maximum of about
|
||
<quantity id="4CF5F6BFFF96FFC9621DF6C637EDEE8F" box="[1361,1423,392,418]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="cm" value="6.0">6 cm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB25B5AFF96FFC967DBF1A130D8E804" blockId="13.[151,1436,1775,1834]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9798748FF96FFC967DBF1A13369E82A" bold="true" box="[151,267,1775,1799]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">PLATE 6.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D20D9FF96FFC96658F1A13050E82B" box="[276,562,1775,1798]" class="Scyphozoa" family="Cyaneidae" genus="Desmonema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Semaeostomeae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="scoresbyanna" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9798748FF96FFC96658F1A13050E82B" box="[276,562,1775,1798]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Desmonema scoresbyanna</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24A3A33FF96FFC9650EF1A130F8E82A" box="[578,666,1775,1799]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9798748FF96FFC9650EF1A130F8E82A" bold="true" box="[578,666,1775,1799]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B6E5F8FF96FFC965E5F1A13168E82B" box="[681,778,1775,1798]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9798748FF96FFC9645AF1A1314DE82A" bold="true" box="[790,815,1775,1799]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">A,</emphasis>
|
||
subumbrellar view. (Scale =
|
||
<quantity id="4CF5F6BFFF96FFC96338F1A136A7E82B" box="[1140,1221,1775,1798]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="B9798748FF96FFC96396F1A13691E82A" bold="true" box="[1242,1267,1775,1799]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">B,</emphasis>
|
||
rhopalial cone. (Scale = 2.0 mm).
|
||
<emphasis id="B9798748FF96FFC96611F05C331AE807" bold="true" box="[349,376,1810,1834]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">C,</emphasis>
|
||
rhopalium. (Scale =
|
||
<quantity id="4CF5F6BFFF96FFC96514F05C30CCE804" box="[600,686,1810,1833]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB25B5AFF96FFCA6789F0193002EEAE" blockId="13.[151,1436,1879,2028]" lastBlockId="14.[151,1436,152,827]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
Furthermore, the 2-1-2 tentacle arrangement in each octant, conspicuous in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D20D9FF96FFC9630DF01636AEE85C" box="[1089,1228,1880,1905]" class="Scyphozoa" family="Pelagiidae" genus="Chrysaora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Semaeostomeae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="wurlerra">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9798748FF96FFC9630DF01636AEE85C" box="[1089,1228,1880,1905]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">C. wurlerra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, is less conspicuous in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D20D9FF96FFC967A7F0CE33E1E8B4" box="[235,387,1920,1945]" class="Scyphozoa" family="Pelagiidae" genus="Chrysaora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Semaeostomeae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="southcotti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9798748FF96FFC967A7F0CE33E1E8B4" box="[235,387,1920,1945]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">C. southcotti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In all 40-tentacled species that we have studied (e.g.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D20D9FF96FFC96368F0CE3693E8B4" box="[1060,1265,1920,1945]" class="Scyphozoa" family="Pelagiidae" genus="Chrysaora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Semaeostomeae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="quinquecirrha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9798748FF96FFC96368F0CE3693E8B4" box="[1060,1265,1920,1945]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">C. quinquecirrha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D20D9FF96FFC9624EF0CE3712E8B4" box="[1282,1392,1920,1945]" class="Scyphozoa" family="Pelagiidae" genus="Chrysaora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Semaeostomeae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="lactea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9798748FF96FFC9624EF0CE3712E8B4" box="[1282,1392,1920,1945]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">C. lactea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D20D9FF96FFC962CDF0CE3297E8EE" class="Scyphozoa" family="Pelagiidae" genus="Chrysaora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Semaeostomeae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pacifica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9798748FF96FFC962CDF0CE3297E8EE" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">C. pacifica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), there is some degree of this 2-1-2 arrangement, where the 1st & 2nd tentacles and 4th & 5th tentacles are closer together than either is to the middle tentacle (L. Gershwin, unpublished notes). In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D20D9FF96FFC96391F09C370AE8C6" box="[1245,1384,2002,2027]" class="Scyphozoa" family="Pelagiidae" genus="Chrysaora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Semaeostomeae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="wurlerra">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9798748FF96FFC96391F09C370AE8C6" box="[1245,1384,2002,2027]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">C. wurlerra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the 1st and 5th tentacles, even in the largest specimens, are reduced and sprouting from the subumbrella between still-fused lappets, thus suggesting that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D20D9FF95FFCA6527F78D3095EFF1" box="[619,759,195,220]" class="Scyphozoa" family="Pelagiidae" genus="Chrysaora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Semaeostomeae" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="wurlerra">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9798748FF95FFCA6527F78D3095EFF1" box="[619,759,195,220]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">C. wurlerra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
may grow much larger than we are currently aware, further separating it from its South Australian counterpart. It is possible that with continued growth, the 1st -2nd and 4th -5th tentacles separate somewhat to take on a more evenly spaced appearance, such as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D20D9FF95FFCA63B2F65737F6EE1F" box="[1278,1428,281,306]" class="Scyphozoa" family="Pelagiidae" genus="Chrysaora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Semaeostomeae" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="southcotti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9798748FF95FFCA63B2F65737F6EE1F" box="[1278,1428,281,306]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">C. southcotti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, or possibly they stay clustered as in the present specimens; however, without collection of new material in a range of sizes, we simply do not know.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB25B5AFF95FFCA6789F6DF37F0EC16" blockId="14.[151,1436,152,827]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
The “stages” through which
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D20D9FF95FFCA6557F6DF30FAEE87" box="[539,664,401,426]" class="Scyphozoa" family="Pelagiidae" genus="Chrysaora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Semaeostomeae" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9798748FF95FFCA6557F6DF30FAEE87" box="[539,664,401,426]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Chrysaora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
medusae develop bears some discussion. About a hundred years ago, there was much discussion about pelagiid medusae developing through a progressive sequence of genera (e.g.,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9C26ABFF95FFCA6795F6AF3308EED6" author="Mayer" box="[217,362,481,507]" pageId="14" pageNumber="18" refString="Mayer, A. G. (1910) Medusae of the World. Vol. 3, The Scyphomedusae. Carnegie Institution, Washington, D. C., pp. 499 - 735." type="journal article" year="1910">Mayer 1910</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, and references therein). For example,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9798748FF95FFCA647CF6AF31F4EED7" box="[816,918,481,506]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Kuragea</emphasis>
|
||
passes through the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D20D9FF95FFCA6330F6AF36B5EED7" box="[1148,1239,481,506]" class="Scyphozoa" family="Pelagiidae" genus="Pelagia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Semaeostomeae" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9798748FF95FFCA6330F6AF36B5EED7" box="[1148,1239,481,506]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Pelagia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
stage (1 tentacle per octant), then the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D20D9FF95FFCA66DDF547306CED0F" box="[401,526,521,546]" class="Scyphozoa" family="Pelagiidae" genus="Chrysaora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Semaeostomeae" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9798748FF95FFCA66DDF547306CED0F" box="[401,526,521,546]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Chrysaora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
stage (3 per octant), and then the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D20D9FF95FFCA64E2F547362DED0F" box="[942,1103,521,546]" class="Scyphozoa" family="Pelagiidae" genus="Dactylometra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Semaeostomeae" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9798748FF95FFCA64E2F547362DED0F" box="[942,1103,521,546]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Dactylometra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
stage (5 per octant), before reaching its own mature stage (with 7 tentacles per octant). Thus, it was hypothesized that each genus passes through the earlier genera in its development, a living example of Haeckel’s (1899) Biogenetic Law (i.e., that ontogeny recapitulates phylogeny). For example,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D20D9FF95FFCA65ACF5CF31ACEDB7" box="[736,974,641,666]" class="Scyphozoa" family="Pelagiidae" genus="Chrysaora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Semaeostomeae" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="wurlerra">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9798748FF95FFCA65ACF5CF31ACEDB7" box="[736,974,641,666]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Chrysaora wurlerra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(with 40 tentacles) must certainly pass through a stage with eight tentacles and then a stage with 24, yet it still would not be confused with other taxa at those developmental stages because it has its own unique set of characters. Thus, when we refer to medusae in “the 24-tentacle stage”, we merely mean a stage of tentacular development that may be a proxy for total maturity, and we are not referring to the earlier belief in an ontogenetic progression through different genera.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |