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<mods:title id="42F667AA571A0B7F50F7208A3A4C96B4">Type Specimens Of Birds In The American Museum Of Natural History. Part 6. Passeriformes: Prunellidae, Turdidae, Orthonychidae, Timaliidae, Paradoxornithidae, Picathartidae, And Polioptilidae</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName id="4C34EFF6BA7A9D13FF49FD71FDDFFD71" authority="Hartert" authorityName="Hartert" box="[166,608,673,697]" class="Aves" family="Muscicapidae" genus="Phoenicurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="frontalis" subSpecies="sinae">
<emphasis id="B9404867BA7A9D13FF49FD71FDDFFD71" bold="true" box="[166,608,673,697]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="B9404867BA7A9D13FF49FD71FE48FD71" bold="true" box="[166,503,673,697]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Phoenicurus frontalis sinae</emphasis>
Hartert
</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<treatmentCitation id="0A95B264BA7A9D13FF94FD03FF54FCCB" author="Hartert, E." page="78" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" year="1918">
<taxonomicName id="4C34EFF6BA7A9D13FF94FD03FF54FCCB" authority="Hartert, 1918 b: 78 (Kansu)" authorityName="Hartert" authorityYear="1918" class="Aves" family="Muscicapidae" genus="Phoenicurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="frontalis" subSpecies="sinae">
<emphasis id="B9404867BA7A9D13FF94FD03FE13FD20" box="[123,428,723,744]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Phoenicurus frontalis sinae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA5E984BA7A9D13FE55FD03FD35FD20" author="Hartert, E." box="[442,650,723,744]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="78" refId="ref96729" refString="Hartert, E. 1918 b. [Dr. E. Hartert exhibited a new subspecies of Redstart which he described as follows: -]. Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club 38: 78." type="journal article" year="1918">Hartert, 1918b: 78</bibRefCitation>
(Kansu)
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.
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</paragraph>
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB24B35BBA7A9D13FF94FCD9FDF4FCF1" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
Now
<taxonomicName id="4C34EFF6BA7A9D13FF51FCD9FDEEFCD6" ID-CoL="77BLQ" authority="Vigors, 1832" authorityName="Vigors" authorityYear="1832" box="[190,593,777,798]" class="Aves" family="Muscicapidae" genus="Phoenicurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="frontalis">
<emphasis id="B9404867BA7A9D13FF51FCD9FE13FCD6" box="[190,428,777,798]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Phoenicurus frontalis</emphasis>
Vigors, 1832
</taxonomicName>
. See
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA5E984BA7A9D13FF7CFCF4FEF7FCF1" author="Ripley, S. D." box="[147,328,804,825]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="13 - 227" refId="ref102558" refString="Ripley, S. D. 1964. Family Muscicapidae. Subfamily Turdinae. In E. Mayr and R. A. Paynter, Jr. (editors), Check-list of birds of the world, vol. 10: 13 - 227. Cambridge, MA: Museum of Comparative Zoology, 502 pp." type="book chapter" year="1964">Ripley, 1964: 78</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, and
<treatmentCitation id="0A95B264BA7A9D13FE6BFCF4FDF9FCF1" author="Cheng, T." box="[388,582,804,825]" page="597" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" year="1987">
<bibRefCitation id="EFA5E984BA7A9D13FE6BFCF4FDF9FCF1" author="Cheng, T." box="[388,582,804,825]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refId="ref91609" refString="Cheng, T. 1987. A synopsis of the avifauna of China. Beijing: Science Press and Hamburg and Berlin: Paul Parey Scientific Publishers, 1222 pp." type="book" year="1987">Cheng, 1987: 597</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8B9475BA7A9D13FF77FC84FDE9FC0D" blockId="15.[123,652,852,1741]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<materialsCitation id="3B5C9E28BA7A9D13FF77FC84FDE9FC0D" collectingDate="1884-03" collectionCode="AMNH" collectorName="Nikolai M. Przewalski. From &amp; Rothschild Collection." country="China" location="Gansu" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" specimenCode="AMNH 578483" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Gansu" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="548F2AD7BA7A9D13FF77FC84FEB1FCA3" box="[152,270,852,875]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
:
<specimenCode id="DB923C0EBA7A9D13FEC8FC84FE54FCA3" box="[295,491,852,875]" collectionCode="AMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">AMNH 578483</specimenCode>
, adult male, collected in
<collectingRegion id="49F05A97BA7A9D13FEFFFCA2FEE5FC41" box="[272,346,882,905]" country="China" name="Gansu" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Gansu</collectingRegion>
(5
<collectingRegion id="49F05A97BA7A9D13FE60FCA2FE64FC41" box="[399,475,882,905]" country="China" name="Gansu" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Kansu</collectingRegion>
) Prov., central
<collectingCountry id="F323D4E5BA7A9D13FF94FC40FF7CFC6F" box="[123,195,912,935]" name="China" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">China</collectingCountry>
, in
<date id="FF8AB2B5BA7A9D13FF1BFC40FE37FC6F" box="[244,392,912,935]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" value="1884-03">
<collectingDate id="EFCE4B5DBA7A9D13FF1BFC40FE37FC6F" box="[244,392,912,935]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" value="1884-03">March 1884</collectingDate>
</date>
, by
<collectorName id="26C1F1A3BA7A9D13FE50FC40FEA8FC0D" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Nikolai M. Przewalski. From</collectorName>
the
<collectorName id="26C1F1A3BA7A9D13FEA1FC7EFDE9FC0D" box="[334,598,942,965]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Rothschild Collection.</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C32EC7FEBA7A9D13FF77FC1CFE9BF905" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B8B9475BA7A9D13FF77FC1CFDB4F9F0" blockId="15.[123,652,852,1741]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
COMMENTS: In the original description, Hartert designated as type an adult male collected by Przewalski in
<collectingRegion id="49F05A97BA7A9D13FE54FBD7FDBAFBD6" box="[443,517,1031,1054]" country="China" name="Gansu" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Kansu</collectingRegion>
in
<date id="FF8AB2B5BA7A9D13FDD0FBD7FF06FBF4" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" value="1884-03">March 1884</date>
. AMNH 578483 is the only such specimen that came to AMNH with the Rothschild Collection.
<bibRefCitation id="EFA5E984BA7A9D13FEBFFBB1FD82FBB0" author="Hartert, E." box="[336,573,1121,1144]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="78" refId="ref96729" refString="Hartert, E. 1918 b. [Dr. E. Hartert exhibited a new subspecies of Redstart which he described as follows: -]. Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club 38: 78." type="journal article" year="1918">Hartert (1918b: 78)</bibRefCitation>
noted that he compared
<specimenCount id="9D325FFCBA7A9D13FEB6FBAFFE44FB5E" box="[345,507,1151,1174]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="generic">38 specimens</specimenCount>
of the new form with 16 typical
<emphasis id="B9404867BA7A9D13FE9CFB4DFDB1FB7C" box="[371,526,1181,1204]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
P. f.
<taxonomicName id="4C34EFF6BA7A9D13FE44FB4DFDB1FB7C" authorityName="Vigors" authorityYear="1832" box="[427,526,1181,1204]" class="Aves" family="Muscicapidae" genus="Phoenicurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="frontalis">frontalis</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
. There are
<specimenCount id="9D325FFCBA7A9D13FF94FB6BFE93FB1A" box="[123,300,1211,1234]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="generic">38 specimens</specimenCount>
collected at Tai­pai­shan, Tsinling Mts., by collectors for Alan Owston (AMNH 578490578527), four of which are immatures and juveniles (routinely omitted from Harterts totals). In addition, there are (besides the
<typeStatus id="548F2AD7BA7A9D13FEF3FA80FE3BFAAF" box="[284,388,1360,1383]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
)
<specimenCount id="9D325FFCBA7A9D13FE74FA80FDF0FAAF" box="[411,591,1360,1383]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="generic">two specimens</specimenCount>
collected by Przewalski in
<collectingRegion id="49F05A97BA7A9D13FE27FABEFDA5FA4D" box="[456,538,1390,1413]" country="China" name="Gansu" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Kansu</collectingRegion>
, AMNH 578484 (in 1874) and 578485 (in July, no year), and AMNH 578487 collected by David on
<date id="FF8AB2B5BA7A9D13FF20FA17FE1BFA16" box="[207,420,1479,1502]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" value="1869-11-02">2 November 1869</date>
at Moupin (includ­ ed by Hartert in the range). All 41 of these specimens would have been available to Hartert and are considered
<typeStatus id="548F2AD7BA7A9D13FE7BF9F1FDB8F9F0" box="[404,519,1569,1592]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8B9475BA7A9D13FF77F9EFFE9BF905" blockId="15.[123,652,852,1741]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<bibRefCitation id="EFA5E984BA7A9D13FF77F9EFFD94F99E" author="Sibley, C. G. &amp; B. L. Monroe, Jr." box="[152,555,1599,1622]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refId="ref104528" refString="Sibley, C. G., and B. L. Monroe, Jr. 1990. Distribution and taxonomy of birds of the world. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1111 pp." type="book" year="1990">Sibley and Monroe (1990: 537)</bibRefCitation>
treated
<taxonomicName id="4C34EFF6BA7A9D13FF94F98DFEB1F9BC" authorityName="T. Forster" authorityYear="1817" box="[123,270,1629,1652]" class="Aves" family="Muscicapidae" genus="Phoenicurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9404867BA7A9D13FF94F98DFEB1F9BC" box="[123,270,1629,1652]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Phoenicurus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the tribe
<taxonomicName id="4C34EFF6BA7A9D13FE4AF98DFDA1F9BC" box="[421,542,1629,1652]" class="Aves" family="Muscicapidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="tribe" tribe="Saxicolini">Saxicolini</taxonomicName>
, subfamily
<taxonomicName id="4C34EFF6BA7A9D13FF41F9ABFEECF95A" box="[174,339,1659,1682]" class="Aves" family="Muscicapidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Muscicapinae">Muscicapinae</taxonomicName>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFA5E984BA7A9D13FE84F9ABFD35F95A" author="Dickinson, E. C." box="[363,650,1659,1682]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refId="ref93312" refString="Dickinson, E. C. (editor). 2003. The Howard and Moore complete checklist of the birds of the world. 3 rd ed. London: Christopher Helm, 1039 pp." type="book" year="2003">Dickinson (2003: 681)</bibRefCitation>
placed it in the subfamily
<taxonomicName id="4C34EFF6BA7A9D13FE45F949FD8AF978" authorityName="Vigors" authorityYear="1825" box="[426,565,1689,1712]" class="Aves" family="Muscicapidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Saxicolinae">Saxicolinae</taxonomicName>
, family
<taxonomicName id="4C34EFF6BA7A9D13FF94F966FE9FF905" authorityName="Fleming" authorityYear="1822" box="[123,288,1718,1741]" class="Aves" family="Muscicapidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Muscicapidae</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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