treatments-xml/data/78/09/87/780987992A5AFF867E51970FFA816B3A.xml

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<mods:title>Review of the genus-level names proposed by Johannes Gistel in Chrysomelidae (Coleoptera)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart>Bezděk, Jan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
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<taxonomicName authority="Gistel, 1848" authorityName="Gistel" authorityYear="1848" box="[322,588,862,885]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Comisteisa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="181" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[322,588,862,885]" pageId="8" pageNumber="181">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[322,445,862,885]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="181">Comisteisa</emphasis>
Gistel, 1848
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<treatmentCitation author="GISTEL J. N. F. X." box="[151,414,900,920]" page="403" pageId="8" pageNumber="181" year="1848">
<taxonomicName authority="Gistel, 1848 a: 403" authorityName="Gistel" authorityPageNumber="403" authorityYear="1848" box="[151,414,900,920]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Comisteisa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="181" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[151,248,901,920]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="181">Comisteisa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="GISTEL J. N. F. X." box="[253,414,900,919]" pageId="8" pageNumber="181" pagination="1 - 626" refId="ref14326" refString="GISTEL J. N. F. X. 1848 a: Abtheilung I. Thierreich. Pp. 1 - 626. In: GIS- TEL J. N. F. X. &amp; BROMME T.: Handbuch der Naturgeschichte aller drei Reiche, fur Lehrer und Lernende, fur Schule und Haus. [1850], R. Hoffmann, Stuttgart, 1037 pp. + 48 pls." type="book chapter" year="1848">Gistel, 1848a: 403</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
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; 
<bibRefCitation author="GISTEL J. N. F. X." box="[422,556,900,919]" pageId="8" pageNumber="181" refId="ref14400" refString="GISTEL J. N. F. X. 1848 b: Naturgeschichte des Thierreichs. Fur hohere Schulen. Hoffmann, Stuttgart, xvi + 216 + 32 pls." type="book" year="1848">GISTEL (1848b)</bibRefCitation>
: xi, 123; 
<bibRefCitation author="GISTEL J. N. F. X." box="[634,757,900,919]" pageId="8" pageNumber="181" refId="ref14539" refString="GISTEL J. N. F. X. 1851: Naturgeschichte des Thierreichs. Fur hohere Schulen. Zweite Auflage. Scheitlin &amp; Krais, Stuttgart, xvi + 216 + 32 pls." type="book" year="1851">GISTEL (1851)</bibRefCitation>
: xi, 123.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="181" type="type_taxon">
<paragraph blockId="8.[151,760,970,2081]" pageId="8" pageNumber="181">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,305,970,993]" pageId="8" pageNumber="181">
<typeStatus box="[151,208,970,993]" pageId="8" pageNumber="181">Type</typeStatus>
species.
</emphasis>
<emphasis box="[315,577,970,994]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="181">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gistel" authorityYear="1848" box="[315,436,971,994]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Comisteisa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="181" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Comisteisa</taxonomicName>
xanthoptera
</emphasis>
Gistel, 1848 by monotypy.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="8.[151,760,970,2081]" pageId="8" pageNumber="181">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,331,1034,1057]" pageId="8" pageNumber="181">Current status.</emphasis>
Junior objective synonym of 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="181">Elytrosphaera</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="BLANCHARD E." box="[235,415,1066,1089]" pageId="8" pageNumber="181" pagination="1 - 20" refId="ref12965" refString="BLANCHARD E. 1845: Histoire des insectes, traitant de leurs moeurs et de leurs metamorphoses en general et comprenant une nouvelle classification fondee sur leurs rapports naturels. Coleopteres, Orthopteres, Thysanopteres, Nevropteres, Lepidopteres, Hemipteres, Aphanipteres, Strepsipteres, Dipteres, Anoplures et Thysanures. Firmin Didot Freres, Paris, 524 pp. + pls 1 - 20." type="book chapter" year="1845">Blanchard, 1845</bibRefCitation>
(see Comments).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="181" type="discussion">
<paragraph blockId="8.[151,760,970,2081]" pageId="8" pageNumber="181">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,287,1098,1121]" pageId="8" pageNumber="181">Comments.</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="MONROS F. &amp; BECHYNE J." box="[297,614,1098,1121]" pageId="8" pageNumber="181" pagination="1118 - 1137" refId="ref16314" refString="MONROS F. &amp; BECHYNE J. 1956: Uber einige verkannte Chrysomeliden-Namen. Entomologischen Arbeiten aus dem Museum G. Frey 7: 1118 - 1137." type="journal article" year="1956">MONRÓS &amp; BECHYNÉ (1956)</bibRefCitation>
mismatched some of Gistel’s publications. They used the reference ‘Gistl, 1837: 403’ for 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gistel" authorityYear="1848" box="[388,509,1163,1186]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Comisteisa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="181" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[388,509,1163,1186]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="181">Comisteisa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which in fact refers to 
<bibRefCitation author="GISTEL J. N. F. X." box="[151,320,1194,1217]" pageId="8" pageNumber="181" pagination="1 - 626" refId="ref14326" refString="GISTEL J. N. F. X. 1848 a: Abtheilung I. Thierreich. Pp. 1 - 626. In: GIS- TEL J. N. F. X. &amp; BROMME T.: Handbuch der Naturgeschichte aller drei Reiche, fur Lehrer und Lernende, fur Schule und Haus. [1850], R. Hoffmann, Stuttgart, 1037 pp. + 48 pls." type="book chapter" year="1848">GISTEL (1848a)</bibRefCitation>
. Using this wrong dating they gave the priority to 
<taxonomicName authority="over Elytrosphaera" authorityName="over Elytrosphaera" box="[272,615,1226,1250]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Comisteisa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="181" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[272,393,1227,1250]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="181">Comisteisa</emphasis>
over 
<emphasis box="[460,615,1226,1249]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="181">Elytrosphaera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and synonymized them. Bechyné used 
<taxonomicName box="[455,576,1259,1282]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Comisteisa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="181" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[455,576,1259,1282]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="181">Comisteisa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a valid genus name in his subsequent papers (
<bibRefCitation author="BECHYNE J." box="[495,654,1290,1313]" pageId="8" pageNumber="181" pagination="53 - 57" refId="ref12649" refString="BECHYNE J. 1957: Les Chrysomeloidea neotropicaux des collections du Museum Zool. de l'Universite a Helsingfors (2 e contribution). Notulae Entomologicae 37: 53 - 57." type="journal article" year="1957">BECHYNÉ 1957</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation author="BECHYNE J. &amp; SPRINGLOVA DE BECHYNE B." pageId="8" pageNumber="181" pagination="44 - 110" refId="ref12681" refString="BECHYNE J. &amp; SPRINGLOVA DE BECHYNE B. 1965: Notes sur les Chrysomelidae s. str. de Venezuela et pays limitrophes (Col. Phytophaga). Revista de la Facultad de Agronomia (Maracay) 3: 44 - 110." type="journal article" year="1965">BECHYNÉ &amp; SPRINGLOVA DE BECHYNÉ 1965</bibRefCitation>
). On the contrary, 
<bibRefCitation author="SEENO T. N. &amp; WILCOX J. A." pageId="8" pageNumber="181" pagination="1 - 221" refId="ref16863" refString="SEENO T. N. &amp; WILCOX J. A. 1982: Leaf beetle genera (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Entomography 1: 1 - 221." type="journal article" year="1982">SEENO &amp; WILCOX (1982)</bibRefCitation>
and 
<bibRefCitation author="DACCORDI M." box="[387,570,1354,1377]" pageId="8" pageNumber="181" pagination="60 - 84" refId="ref13391" refString="DACCORDI M. 1994: Notes for phylogenetic study of Chrysomelinae, with descriptions of new taxa and a list of all the known genera (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae, Chrysomelinae). Pp. 60 - 84. In: FURTH D. G. (ed.): Proceedings of the Third International Symposium on the Chrysomelidae, Beijing, 1992. Backhuys, Leiden, 150 pp." type="book chapter" year="1994">DACCORDI (1994)</bibRefCitation>
listed 
<taxonomicName box="[639,760,1355,1378]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Comisteisa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="181" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[639,760,1355,1378]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="181">Comisteisa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a synonym of 
<emphasis box="[335,490,1386,1409]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="181">Elytrosphaera</emphasis>
Chevrolat, 1843. However, neither application is correct.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="8.[151,760,970,2081]" pageId="8" pageNumber="181">
<bibRefCitation author="GISTEL J. N. F. X." box="[181,346,1450,1473]" pageId="8" pageNumber="181" pagination="1 - 626" refId="ref14326" refString="GISTEL J. N. F. X. 1848 a: Abtheilung I. Thierreich. Pp. 1 - 626. In: GIS- TEL J. N. F. X. &amp; BROMME T.: Handbuch der Naturgeschichte aller drei Reiche, fur Lehrer und Lernende, fur Schule und Haus. [1850], R. Hoffmann, Stuttgart, 1037 pp. + 48 pls." type="book chapter" year="1848">GISTEL (1848a)</bibRefCitation>
attributed 
<emphasis box="[469,729,1450,1474]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="181">
<taxonomicName box="[469,589,1451,1474]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Comisteisa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="181" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Comisteisa</taxonomicName>
xanthoptera
</emphasis>
to Perty but I was not able to find Pertyʼs description; therefore, the taxon has Gistel’s authorship as it is not clearly stated that Perty provided the description. However, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="181">
<taxonomicName box="[641,760,1547,1570]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Comisteisa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="181" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Comisteisa</taxonomicName>
xanthoptera
</emphasis>
was mentioned in three publications which were published earlier but always as a nomen nudum: 
<bibRefCitation author="PERTY J. A. M." pageId="8" pageNumber="181" refId="ref16541" refString="PERTY J. A. M. 1830: Delectus animalium articulatorum, quae in itinere per Brasiliam annis MDCCCXVII-MDCCCXX jussu et auspiciis Maximiliani Josephi I. Bavariae regis augistissimi peracto collegerunt Dr. J. B. de Spix et Dr. C. F. Ph. de Martius. [1830 - 1833], Monachii, 224 pp. + 40 pls." type="book" year="1830">PERTY (1830: 18)</bibRefCitation>
as ‘ 
<emphasis box="[298,553,1642,1665]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="181">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[298,424,1642,1665]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Chrysomela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="181" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chrysomela</taxonomicName>
xanthoptera
</emphasis>
Pty.’; 
<bibRefCitation author="GISTEL J. N. F. X." box="[617,760,1642,1665]" pageId="8" pageNumber="181" pagination="1" refId="ref14105" refString="GISTEL J. N. F. X. 1834: Die Insecten-Doubletten aus der Sammlung des Herrn Grafen Rudolph von Jenison Walworth zu Regensburg, welche sowohl im Kauf als im Tausche abgegeben werden. Nro. I. Kafer. George Jaquet, Munchen, 35 + [1] pp." type="journal article" year="1834">GISTEL (1834)</bibRefCitation>
as ‘ 
<emphasis box="[189,443,1674,1697]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="181">Doryphora xanthoptera</emphasis>
Pty.’; and 
<bibRefCitation author="GISTEL J. N. F. X." box="[558,760,1674,1697]" pageId="8" pageNumber="181" pagination="2" refId="ref14222" refString="GISTEL J. N. F. X. 1846: Lexikon der entomologischen Welt, der carcinologischen und arachnologischen. Adressenbuch der lebenden Entomologen und Entomophilen etc.; der Carcinologen und Arachnologen sammt ihren Schriften, dann der Naturforscher-Akademien und deren Verhandlungen, der zoologischen Ephemeriden, Bibliographien, Biographien und Real-Worterbucher, der offentlichen und Privat-Sammlungen der Welt, der Schriften uber Sammlungs- und Aufbewahrungsweise der Gliederthiere, mit doppelten Registern und einer Aufzahlung aller entomologischen, carcinologischen und arachnologischen Schriftsteller von Aristoteles an bis zur Gegenwart. E. Schweitzerbart, Stuttgart, 326 + [2] pp." type="journal article" year="1846">GISTEL (1846: 134)</bibRefCitation>
as ‘Nov. Gen. (
<emphasis box="[313,519,1706,1729]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="181">Chrys. xanthoptera</emphasis>
Perty)’.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="8.[151,760,970,2081]" lastBlockId="8.[828,1437,190,2069]" pageId="8" pageNumber="181">
Also, the situation with 
<emphasis box="[441,596,1738,1761]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="181">Elytrosphaera</emphasis>
is complicated as the authorship and 
<typeStatus box="[406,454,1770,1793]" pageId="8" pageNumber="181">type</typeStatus>
species have been unclear during the entire history of the genus. Most authors attributed 
<emphasis box="[264,419,1834,1857]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="181">Elytrosphaera</emphasis>
to Chevrolat in 
<bibRefCitation author="DEJEAN P. F. M. A." box="[601,760,1834,1857]" pageId="8" pageNumber="181" pagination="361 - 443" refId="ref13572" refString="DEJEAN P. F. M. A. 1836: Catalogue des coleopteres de la collection de M. le Comte Dejean [Livraison 5]. Mequignon-Marvis, Paris, pp. 361 - 443." type="book chapter" year="1836">DEJEAN (1836)</bibRefCitation>
(e.g. 
<bibRefCitation author="CHAPUIS F." box="[212,369,1866,1889]" pageId="8" pageNumber="181" refId="ref13336" refString="CHAPUIS F. 1874: Famille des Phytophages. In: LACORDAIRE T. &amp; CHAPUIS F.: Histoire naturelle des insectes. Genera des coleopteres ou expose methodique et critique de tous les genres proposes jusqu'ici dans cet ordre d'insectes. Tome dixieme. Roret, Paris, iv + 455 pp." type="book" year="1874">CHAPUIS 1874</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation author="DACCORDI M." box="[385,563,1866,1889]" pageId="8" pageNumber="181" pagination="417 - 463" refId="ref13463" refString="DACCORDI M. 2008: The species of Elytromena Motschulsky, 1860 with observations on Elytrosphaera Chevrolat, 1836 and related genera (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Chrysomelinae). Memoirs on Biodiversity 1: 417 - 463." type="journal article" year="2008">DACCORDI 2008</bibRefCitation>
), to Chevrolat in 
<bibRefCitation author="D'ORBIGNY C. V. D." box="[151,408,1898,1921]" pageId="8" pageNumber="181" refId="ref13610" refString="D'ORBIGNY C. V. D. (ed.) 1843: Dictionnaire universel d'histoire naturelle resumant et completant tous les faits presentes par les encyclopedies, les anciens dictionnaires scientifiques, les oeuvres completes de Buffon, et les meilleurs traites speciaux sur les diverses branches des sciences naturelles; donnant la description des etres et des divers phenomenes de la nature, l'etymologie et la definition des noms scientifiques, les principales applications des corps organiques et inorganiques, a l'agriculture, a la medecine, aux arts industriels, etc. Tome troisieme. [1842 - 1843], Renard, Martinet et Cie., Paris, 744 pp." type="book" year="1843">D’ORBIGNY (1843: 655)</bibRefCitation>
(e.g. 
<bibRefCitation author="WEISE J." box="[471,599,1898,1921]" pageId="8" pageNumber="181" refId="ref17348" refString="WEISE J. 1916: Chrysomelidae: 12. Chrysomelinae. In: SCHENKLING S. (ed.): Coleopterorum Catalogus. Pars 68. W. Junk, Berlin, 255 pp." type="book" year="1916">WEISE 1916</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation author="BLACKWELDER R. E." pageId="8" pageNumber="181" pagination="551 - 763" refId="ref12921" refString="BLACKWELDER R. E. 1946: Checklist of the coleopterous insects of Mexico, Central America, the West Indies, and South America. Part 4. Bulletin of the United States National Museum 185: i-iii + 551 - 763." type="journal article" year="1946">BLACKWELDER 1946</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation author="BECHYNE J." box="[222,383,1930,1953]" pageId="8" pageNumber="181" pagination="1 - 62" refId="ref12608" refString="BECHYNE J. 1952: Nachtrage zu den Katalogen von Blackwelder und Junk-Schenkling der neotropischen echten Chrysomeliden (Col. Phytophaga). Entomologische Arbeiten aus dem Museum G. Frey 3: 1 - 62 + pl. 1." type="journal article" year="1952">BECHYNÉ 1952</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation author="SEENO T. N. &amp; WILCOX J. A." box="[397,652,1930,1953]" pageId="8" pageNumber="181" pagination="1 - 221" refId="ref16863" refString="SEENO T. N. &amp; WILCOX J. A. 1982: Leaf beetle genera (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Entomography 1: 1 - 221." type="journal article" year="1982">SEENO &amp; WILCOX 1982</bibRefCitation>
, DACCOR- DI 1994), or to Chevrolat without specification (e.g. 
<bibRefCitation author="BLANCHARD E." box="[151,340,1994,2017]" pageId="8" pageNumber="181" pagination="1 - 20" refId="ref12965" refString="BLANCHARD E. 1845: Histoire des insectes, traitant de leurs moeurs et de leurs metamorphoses en general et comprenant une nouvelle classification fondee sur leurs rapports naturels. Coleopteres, Orthopteres, Thysanopteres, Nevropteres, Lepidopteres, Hemipteres, Aphanipteres, Strepsipteres, Dipteres, Anoplures et Thysanures. Firmin Didot Freres, Paris, 524 pp. + pls 1 - 20." type="book chapter" year="1845">BLANCHARD 1845</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation author="STAL C." box="[353,471,1994,2017]" pageId="8" pageNumber="181" pagination="469 - 478" refId="ref17151" refString="STAL C. 1858: Till kannedomen om Amerikas Chrysomeliner. Ofversigt af Kongliga Vetenskaps-Akademiens Forhandlingar 15: 469 - 478." type="journal article" year="1858">STÅL 1858</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation author="MOTSCHULSKY V. DE" box="[483,755,1994,2017]" pageId="8" pageNumber="181" pagination="1854 - 1856" refId="ref16392" refString="MOTSCHULSKY V. DE 1860: Coleopteres rapportes de la Siberie orientale et notamment des pays situes sur le bords du fleuve Amour par MM. Schrenck, Maack, Ditmar, Voznessenski etc. In: Reisen und Forschungen im Amur-Lande in den Jahren 1854 - 1856 im Auftrage der Kaiserl. Akademie der Wissenschaften zu St. Petersburg ausgefuhrt und in Verbindung mit mehreren Gelehrten herausgegeben von Dr. Leopold v. Schrenck. Band II. Zweite Lieferung. Coleopteren. Eggers &amp; Comp., St. Petersburg, pp. 77 - 257 + [1] + pls. VI-XI + 1 map." type="book chapter" year="1860">MOTSCHULSKY 1860: 250</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation author="BECHYNE J." box="[151,310,2026,2049]" pageId="8" pageNumber="181" pagination="115 - 156" refId="ref12578" refString="BECHYNE J. 1950: Notes sur les Chrysomelides de l'Amerique du Sud. II. (Col.). Revista de Entomologia 21: 115 - 156." type="journal article" year="1950">BECHYNÉ 1950</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation author="MONROS F. &amp; BECHYNE J." box="[321,606,2026,2049]" pageId="8" pageNumber="181" pagination="1118 - 1137" refId="ref16314" refString="MONROS F. &amp; BECHYNE J. 1956: Uber einige verkannte Chrysomeliden-Namen. Entomologischen Arbeiten aus dem Museum G. Frey 7: 1118 - 1137." type="journal article" year="1956">MONRÓS &amp; BECHYNÉ 1956</bibRefCitation>
). On the other hand, 
<bibRefCitation author="STAL C." box="[220,347,2058,2081]" pageId="8" pageNumber="181" pagination="455 - 470" refId="ref17173" refString="STAL C. 1860: Till kannedomen om Chrysomelidae. Ofversigt af Kongliga Vetenskaps-Akademiens Forhandlingar 17: 455 - 470." type="journal article" year="1860">STÅL (1860</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation author="STAL C." box="[360,416,2058,2081]" pageId="8" pageNumber="181" pagination="87 - 176" refId="ref17194" refString="STAL C. 1863: Monographie des chrysomelides de l'Amerique II. Nova Acta Regiae Societatis Scientiarum Upsaliensis, Seriei Tertiae 4: 87 - 176." type="journal article" year="1863">1863</bibRefCitation>
) and 
<bibRefCitation author="JACOBY M." box="[480,632,2058,2081]" pageId="8" pageNumber="181" pagination="1880 - 1892" refId="ref14936" refString="JACOBY M. 1883: Phytophaga (part.). In: GODMAN F. D. &amp; SALVIN O. (eds): Biologia Centrali-Americana. Insecta. Coleoptera. Vol. VI, Part 1. [1880 - 1892]. Taylor &amp; Francis, London, xix + 1 + 625 pp." type="book chapter" year="1883">JACOBY (1883</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation author="JACOBY M." box="[645,701,2058,2081]" pageId="8" pageNumber="181" pagination="1888 - 1892" refId="ref14995" refString="JACOBY M. 1891: Phytophaga (part.). In: GODMAN F. D. &amp; SALVIN O. (eds): Biologia Centrali-Americana. Insecta. Coleoptera. Vol. 6, part 1, Supplement. [1888 - 1892]. Taylor &amp; Francis, London, 374 pp. + 43 pls." type="book chapter" year="1891">1891</bibRefCitation>
) cre- dited 
<emphasis box="[892,1047,190,213]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="181">Elytrosphaera</emphasis>
to 
<bibRefCitation author="STAL C." box="[1088,1225,190,213]" pageId="8" pageNumber="181" pagination="469 - 478" refId="ref17151" refString="STAL C. 1858: Till kannedomen om Amerikas Chrysomeliner. Ofversigt af Kongliga Vetenskaps-Akademiens Forhandlingar 15: 469 - 478." type="journal article" year="1858">STÅL (1858)</bibRefCitation>
, and, finally, 
<bibRefCitation author="BALY J. S." pageId="8" pageNumber="181" pagination="339 - 352" refId="ref12507" refString="BALY J. S. 1858: Descriptions of new species of Chrysomelidae. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London, New Series 4 [1856 - 1858]: 339 - 352, pl. XXVII." type="book chapter" year="1858">BALY (1858</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation author="BALY J. S." box="[905,961,222,245]" pageId="8" pageNumber="181" pagination="55 - 61" refId="ref12546" refString="BALY J. S. 1859: Description of new genera and species of phytophagous insects. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Third Series 4: 55 - 61." type="book chapter" year="1859">1859</bibRefCitation>
) and 
<bibRefCitation author="BOUCHARD P. &amp; BOUSQUET Y. &amp; DAVIES A. E. &amp; GA M. A. &amp; LAWRENCE J. F. &amp; LYAL C. H. C. &amp; NEWTON A. F. &amp; REID C. A. M. &amp; SCHMITT M. &amp; SLIPINSKI S. A. &amp; SMITH A. B. T." box="[1022,1274,222,245]" pageId="8" pageNumber="181" pagination="1 - 972" refId="ref13108" refString="BOUCHARD P., BOUSQUET Y., DAVIES A. E., ALONSO-ZARAZA- GA M. A., LAWRENCE J. F., LYAL C. H. C., NEWTON A. F., REID C. A. M., SCHMITT M., SLIPINSKI S. A. &amp; SMITH A. B. T. 2011: Family-group names in Coleoptera (Insecta). ZooKeys 88: 1 - 972." type="journal article" year="2011">BOUCHARD et al. (2011)</bibRefCitation>
attributed it to 
<bibRefCitation author="BLANCHARD E." box="[828,1034,254,277]" pageId="8" pageNumber="181" pagination="1 - 20" refId="ref12965" refString="BLANCHARD E. 1845: Histoire des insectes, traitant de leurs moeurs et de leurs metamorphoses en general et comprenant une nouvelle classification fondee sur leurs rapports naturels. Coleopteres, Orthopteres, Thysanopteres, Nevropteres, Lepidopteres, Hemipteres, Aphanipteres, Strepsipteres, Dipteres, Anoplures et Thysanures. Firmin Didot Freres, Paris, 524 pp. + pls 1 - 20." type="book chapter" year="1845">BLANCHARD (1845)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="8.[828,1437,190,2069]" pageId="8" pageNumber="181">
<emphasis box="[858,1017,286,309]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="181">Elytrosphaera</emphasis>
was mentioned for the first time in DEJEAN’ s (1836) catalogue with Chevrolat’s authorship and accompanied by three nomina nuda: ‘ 
<emphasis box="[1314,1436,350,373]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="181">flavipennis</emphasis>
Dej. (= 
<emphasis box="[918,1034,383,406]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="181">auripennis</emphasis>
Chevrolat, = 
<emphasis box="[1194,1263,382,406]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="181">inflata</emphasis>
Mannerheim)’, ‘ 
<emphasis box="[837,998,415,438]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="181">sanguinipennis</emphasis>
Buquet’, and ‘ 
<emphasis box="[1167,1296,414,437]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="181">testudinaria</emphasis>
Dej.’. Thus, 
<emphasis box="[828,975,446,469]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="181">Elytrosphaera</emphasis>
in 
<bibRefCitation author="DEJEAN P. F. M. A." box="[1004,1152,446,469]" pageId="8" pageNumber="181" pagination="361 - 443" refId="ref13572" refString="DEJEAN P. F. M. A. 1836: Catalogue des coleopteres de la collection de M. le Comte Dejean [Livraison 5]. Mequignon-Marvis, Paris, pp. 361 - 443." type="book chapter" year="1836">DEJEAN (1836)</bibRefCitation>
is also a nomen nudum (see 
<bibRefCitation author="BOUSQUET Y. &amp; BOUCHARD P." box="[828,1151,478,501]" pageId="8" pageNumber="181" pagination="1 - 219" refId="ref13264" refString="BOUSQUET Y. &amp; BOUCHARD P. 2013: The genera in the second catalogue (1833 - 1836) of Dejean's Coleoptera collection. ZooKeys 282: 1 - 219." type="journal article" year="2013">BOUSQUET &amp; BOUCHARD 2013</bibRefCitation>
). Chevrolat in 
<bibRefCitation author="D'ORBIGNY C. V. D." pageId="8" pageNumber="181" refId="ref13610" refString="D'ORBIGNY C. V. D. (ed.) 1843: Dictionnaire universel d'histoire naturelle resumant et completant tous les faits presentes par les encyclopedies, les anciens dictionnaires scientifiques, les oeuvres completes de Buffon, et les meilleurs traites speciaux sur les diverses branches des sciences naturelles; donnant la description des etres et des divers phenomenes de la nature, l'etymologie et la definition des noms scientifiques, les principales applications des corps organiques et inorganiques, a l'agriculture, a la medecine, aux arts industriels, etc. Tome troisieme. [1842 - 1843], Renard, Martinet et Cie., Paris, 744 pp." type="book" year="1843">D’ORBIGNY (1843: 655)</bibRefCitation>
listed 
<emphasis box="[1025,1177,510,533]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="181">Elytrosphaera</emphasis>
without any description within the entry on ‘Chrysomélines’ and accompanied it by the name ‘ 
<emphasis box="[934,1046,575,598]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="181">auripennis</emphasis>
Chevrolat’, which is a nomen nudum. Chevrolat also provided a simple identification key to the genera of Chrysomélines but the entry with 
<emphasis box="[1285,1437,638,661]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="181">Elytrosphaera</emphasis>
is ambiguous as it contains also other genus and therefore it cannot be considered a valid description. Chevrolat in 
<bibRefCitation author="D'ORBIGNY C. V. D." box="[828,1080,734,757]" pageId="8" pageNumber="181" refId="ref13726" refString="D'ORBIGNY C. V. D. (ed.) 1844: Dictionnaire universel d'histoire naturelle resumant et completant tous les faits presentes par les encyclopedies, les anciens dictionnaires scientifiques, les oeuvres completes de Buffon, et les meilleurs traites speciaux sur les diverses branches des sciences naturelles; donnant la description des etres et des divers phenomenes de la nature, l'etymologie et la definition des noms scientifiques, les principales applications des corps organiques et inorganiques, a l'agriculture, a la medecine, aux arts industriels, etc. Tome cinquieme. [1844 - 1845], Renard, Martinet et Cie., Paris, 768 pp." type="book" year="1844">D’ORBIGNY (1844: 283)</bibRefCitation>
again listed 
<emphasis box="[1217,1369,734,757]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="181">Elytrosphaera</emphasis>
under the letter E but also without description and accompanied by the same nomina nuda which appeared in 
<bibRefCitation author="DEJEAN P. F. M. A." box="[1281,1433,798,821]" pageId="8" pageNumber="181" pagination="361 - 443" refId="ref13572" refString="DEJEAN P. F. M. A. 1836: Catalogue des coleopteres de la collection de M. le Comte Dejean [Livraison 5]. Mequignon-Marvis, Paris, pp. 361 - 443." type="book chapter" year="1836">DEJEAN (1836)</bibRefCitation>
. To sum up, 
<emphasis box="[945,1093,830,853]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="181">Elytrosphaera</emphasis>
in 
<bibRefCitation author="DEJEAN P. F. M. A." box="[1123,1273,830,853]" pageId="8" pageNumber="181" pagination="361 - 443" refId="ref13572" refString="DEJEAN P. F. M. A. 1836: Catalogue des coleopteres de la collection de M. le Comte Dejean [Livraison 5]. Mequignon-Marvis, Paris, pp. 361 - 443." type="book chapter" year="1836">DEJEAN (1836)</bibRefCitation>
and 
<bibRefCitation author="D'ORBIGNY C. V. D." pageId="8" pageNumber="181" refId="ref13610" refString="D'ORBIGNY C. V. D. (ed.) 1843: Dictionnaire universel d'histoire naturelle resumant et completant tous les faits presentes par les encyclopedies, les anciens dictionnaires scientifiques, les oeuvres completes de Buffon, et les meilleurs traites speciaux sur les diverses branches des sciences naturelles; donnant la description des etres et des divers phenomenes de la nature, l'etymologie et la definition des noms scientifiques, les principales applications des corps organiques et inorganiques, a l'agriculture, a la medecine, aux arts industriels, etc. Tome troisieme. [1842 - 1843], Renard, Martinet et Cie., Paris, 744 pp." type="book" year="1843">D’ORBIGNY (1843</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation author="D'ORBIGNY C. V. D." box="[903,958,862,885]" pageId="8" pageNumber="181" refId="ref13726" refString="D'ORBIGNY C. V. D. (ed.) 1844: Dictionnaire universel d'histoire naturelle resumant et completant tous les faits presentes par les encyclopedies, les anciens dictionnaires scientifiques, les oeuvres completes de Buffon, et les meilleurs traites speciaux sur les diverses branches des sciences naturelles; donnant la description des etres et des divers phenomenes de la nature, l'etymologie et la definition des noms scientifiques, les principales applications des corps organiques et inorganiques, a l'agriculture, a la medecine, aux arts industriels, etc. Tome cinquieme. [1844 - 1845], Renard, Martinet et Cie., Paris, 768 pp." type="book" year="1844">1844</bibRefCitation>
) is a nomen nudum.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="8.[828,1437,190,2069]" pageId="8" pageNumber="181">
The first description of 
<emphasis box="[1118,1273,894,917]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="181">Elytrosphaera</emphasis>
was published by 
<bibRefCitation author="BLANCHARD E." box="[862,1065,926,949]" pageId="8" pageNumber="181" pagination="1 - 20" refId="ref12965" refString="BLANCHARD E. 1845: Histoire des insectes, traitant de leurs moeurs et de leurs metamorphoses en general et comprenant une nouvelle classification fondee sur leurs rapports naturels. Coleopteres, Orthopteres, Thysanopteres, Nevropteres, Lepidopteres, Hemipteres, Aphanipteres, Strepsipteres, Dipteres, Anoplures et Thysanures. Firmin Didot Freres, Paris, 524 pp. + pls 1 - 20." type="book chapter" year="1845">BLANCHARD (1845)</bibRefCitation>
but without any species included; however, the name is available according to Article 67.2.2 (
<bibRefCitation author="ICZN" box="[910,1040,990,1013]" pageId="8" pageNumber="181" refId="ref14912" refString="ICZN 1999: International code of zoological nomenclature. 4 th Edition. International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London, 306 pp." type="book" year="1999">ICZN 1999</bibRefCitation>
). The nominal species that were first subsequently included and thus are deemed to be the only originally included nominal species are those described by 
<bibRefCitation author="STAL C." box="[860,993,1086,1109]" pageId="8" pageNumber="181" pagination="469 - 478" refId="ref17151" refString="STAL C. 1858: Till kannedomen om Amerikas Chrysomeliner. Ofversigt af Kongliga Vetenskaps-Akademiens Forhandlingar 15: 469 - 478." type="journal article" year="1858">STÅL (1858)</bibRefCitation>
: 
<emphasis box="[1002,1287,1086,1109]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="181">Elytrosphaera xanthopyga</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="STAL C." box="[1293,1404,1086,1109]" pageId="8" pageNumber="181" pagination="469 - 478" refId="ref17151" refString="STAL C. 1858: Till kannedomen om Amerikas Chrysomeliner. Ofversigt af Kongliga Vetenskaps-Akademiens Forhandlingar 15: 469 - 478." type="journal article" year="1858">Stål, 1858</bibRefCitation>
, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="181">E. breviuscula</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="STAL C." box="[959,1070,1118,1141]" pageId="8" pageNumber="181" pagination="469 - 478" refId="ref17151" refString="STAL C. 1858: Till kannedomen om Amerikas Chrysomeliner. Ofversigt af Kongliga Vetenskaps-Akademiens Forhandlingar 15: 469 - 478." type="journal article" year="1858">Stål, 1858</bibRefCitation>
, 
<emphasis box="[1080,1196,1119,1142]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="181">E. noverca</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="STAL C." box="[1200,1312,1118,1141]" pageId="8" pageNumber="181" pagination="469 - 478" refId="ref17151" refString="STAL C. 1858: Till kannedomen om Amerikas Chrysomeliner. Ofversigt af Kongliga Vetenskaps-Akademiens Forhandlingar 15: 469 - 478." type="journal article" year="1858">Stål, 1858</bibRefCitation>
, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="181">E. fulminigera</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="STAL C." box="[882,991,1150,1173]" pageId="8" pageNumber="181" pagination="469 - 478" refId="ref17151" refString="STAL C. 1858: Till kannedomen om Amerikas Chrysomeliner. Ofversigt af Kongliga Vetenskaps-Akademiens Forhandlingar 15: 469 - 478." type="journal article" year="1858">Stål, 1858</bibRefCitation>
, 
<emphasis box="[1000,1158,1150,1174]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="181">E. testudinaria</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="STAL C." box="[1163,1273,1150,1173]" pageId="8" pageNumber="181" pagination="469 - 478" refId="ref17151" refString="STAL C. 1858: Till kannedomen om Amerikas Chrysomeliner. Ofversigt af Kongliga Vetenskaps-Akademiens Forhandlingar 15: 469 - 478." type="journal article" year="1858">Stål, 1858</bibRefCitation>
, 
<emphasis box="[1282,1383,1150,1174]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="181">E. hospes</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="STAL C." pageId="8" pageNumber="181" pagination="469 - 478" refId="ref17151" refString="STAL C. 1858: Till kannedomen om Amerikas Chrysomeliner. Ofversigt af Kongliga Vetenskaps-Akademiens Forhandlingar 15: 469 - 478." type="journal article" year="1858">Stål, 1858</bibRefCitation>
, and 
<emphasis box="[945,1095,1182,1206]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="181">E. flavolatera</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="STAL C." box="[1104,1220,1182,1205]" pageId="8" pageNumber="181" pagination="469 - 478" refId="ref17151" refString="STAL C. 1858: Till kannedomen om Amerikas Chrysomeliner. Ofversigt af Kongliga Vetenskaps-Akademiens Forhandlingar 15: 469 - 478." type="journal article" year="1858">Stål, 1858</bibRefCitation>
. 
<bibRefCitation author="BLANCHARD E." box="[1231,1436,1182,1205]" pageId="8" pageNumber="181" pagination="1 - 20" refId="ref12965" refString="BLANCHARD E. 1845: Histoire des insectes, traitant de leurs moeurs et de leurs metamorphoses en general et comprenant une nouvelle classification fondee sur leurs rapports naturels. Coleopteres, Orthopteres, Thysanopteres, Nevropteres, Lepidopteres, Hemipteres, Aphanipteres, Strepsipteres, Dipteres, Anoplures et Thysanures. Firmin Didot Freres, Paris, 524 pp. + pls 1 - 20." type="book chapter" year="1845">BLANCHARD (1845)</bibRefCitation>
used the spelling 
<emphasis box="[1022,1177,1214,1237]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="181">Elytrosphoera</emphasis>
; however, since then it has been used only by 
<bibRefCitation author="CHAPUIS F." box="[1061,1223,1246,1269]" pageId="8" pageNumber="181" refId="ref13336" refString="CHAPUIS F. 1874: Famille des Phytophages. In: LACORDAIRE T. &amp; CHAPUIS F.: Histoire naturelle des insectes. Genera des coleopteres ou expose methodique et critique de tous les genres proposes jusqu'ici dans cet ordre d'insectes. Tome dixieme. Roret, Paris, iv + 455 pp." type="book" year="1874">CHAPUIS (1874)</bibRefCitation>
and 
<bibRefCitation author="BOUCHARD P. &amp; BOUSQUET Y. &amp; DAVIES A. E. &amp; GA M. A. &amp; LAWRENCE J. F. &amp; LYAL C. H. C. &amp; NEWTON A. F. &amp; REID C. A. M. &amp; SCHMITT M. &amp; SLIPINSKI S. A. &amp; SMITH A. B. T." pageId="8" pageNumber="181" pagination="1 - 972" refId="ref13108" refString="BOUCHARD P., BOUSQUET Y., DAVIES A. E., ALONSO-ZARAZA- GA M. A., LAWRENCE J. F., LYAL C. H. C., NEWTON A. F., REID C. A. M., SCHMITT M., SLIPINSKI S. A. &amp; SMITH A. B. T. 2011: Family-group names in Coleoptera (Insecta). ZooKeys 88: 1 - 972." type="journal article" year="2011">BOUCHARD et al. (2011)</bibRefCitation>
. An incorrect subsequent spelling 
<emphasis box="[1261,1413,1278,1301]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="181">Elytrosphaera</emphasis>
is in prevailing usage as it has been used by all other authors, thus it is deemed to be the correct original spelling based on Article 33.3.1 (
<bibRefCitation author="ICZN" box="[1041,1178,1374,1397]" pageId="8" pageNumber="181" refId="ref14912" refString="ICZN 1999: International code of zoological nomenclature. 4 th Edition. International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London, 306 pp." type="book" year="1999">ICZN 1999</bibRefCitation>
). 
<bibRefCitation author="MOTSCHULSKY V. DE" pageId="8" pageNumber="181" pagination="1854 - 1856" refId="ref16392" refString="MOTSCHULSKY V. DE 1860: Coleopteres rapportes de la Siberie orientale et notamment des pays situes sur le bords du fleuve Amour par MM. Schrenck, Maack, Ditmar, Voznessenski etc. In: Reisen und Forschungen im Amur-Lande in den Jahren 1854 - 1856 im Auftrage der Kaiserl. Akademie der Wissenschaften zu St. Petersburg ausgefuhrt und in Verbindung mit mehreren Gelehrten herausgegeben von Dr. Leopold v. Schrenck. Band II. Zweite Lieferung. Coleopteren. Eggers &amp; Comp., St. Petersburg, pp. 77 - 257 + [1] + pls. VI-XI + 1 map." type="book chapter" year="1860">MOTSCHULSKY (1860: 188)</bibRefCitation>
introduced this genus as ‘ 
<emphasis box="[1158,1327,1406,1429]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="181">Elythrosphaera</emphasis>
Motsch.’, which I consider an incorrect subsequent spelling not in prevailing usage. Motschulsky’s authorship is an evident mistake because in the index on p. 250 he attributed it to Chevrolat.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="8.[828,1437,190,2069]" pageId="8" pageNumber="181">
Chevrolat in 
<bibRefCitation author="D'ORBIGNY C. V. D." box="[994,1242,1566,1589]" pageId="8" pageNumber="181" refId="ref13610" refString="D'ORBIGNY C. V. D. (ed.) 1843: Dictionnaire universel d'histoire naturelle resumant et completant tous les faits presentes par les encyclopedies, les anciens dictionnaires scientifiques, les oeuvres completes de Buffon, et les meilleurs traites speciaux sur les diverses branches des sciences naturelles; donnant la description des etres et des divers phenomenes de la nature, l'etymologie et la definition des noms scientifiques, les principales applications des corps organiques et inorganiques, a l'agriculture, a la medecine, aux arts industriels, etc. Tome troisieme. [1842 - 1843], Renard, Martinet et Cie., Paris, 744 pp." type="book" year="1843">D’ORBIGNY (1843: 655)</bibRefCitation>
clearly mentioned ‘ 
<emphasis box="[837,957,1599,1622]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="181">auripennis</emphasis>
Chevrolat’ as the 
<typeStatus box="[1174,1222,1598,1621]" pageId="8" pageNumber="181">type</typeStatus>
species of 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="181">Elytrosphaera</emphasis>
; however, it is a nomen nudum and therefore the designation is invalid. Similarly, MOTSCHULSKY’ s (1860: 250) designation of ‘ 
<emphasis box="[1063,1345,1694,1718]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="181">Elytrosphaera flavipennis</emphasis>
Dej.’ is also invalid. 
<emphasis box="[981,1274,1726,1750]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="181">Elytrosphaera flavipennis</emphasis>
was formally described by 
<bibRefCitation author="BALY J. S." box="[971,1105,1758,1781]" pageId="8" pageNumber="181" pagination="55 - 61" refId="ref12546" refString="BALY J. S. 1859: Description of new genera and species of phytophagous insects. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Third Series 4: 55 - 61." type="book chapter" year="1859">BALY (1859)</bibRefCitation>
but it is not among the species originally included in 
<emphasis box="[1063,1217,1790,1813]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="181">Elytrosphaera</emphasis>
by 
<bibRefCitation author="STAL C." box="[1254,1386,1790,1813]" pageId="8" pageNumber="181" pagination="469 - 478" refId="ref17151" refString="STAL C. 1858: Till kannedomen om Amerikas Chrysomeliner. Ofversigt af Kongliga Vetenskaps-Akademiens Forhandlingar 15: 469 - 478." type="journal article" year="1858">STÅL (1858)</bibRefCitation>
. The 
<typeStatus box="[828,874,1822,1845]" pageId="8" pageNumber="181">type</typeStatus>
species of 
<emphasis box="[989,1142,1822,1845]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="181">Elytrosphaera</emphasis>
is 
<emphasis box="[1170,1323,1822,1846]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="181">E. xanthopyga</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="STAL C." box="[1329,1436,1822,1845]" pageId="8" pageNumber="181" pagination="469 - 478" refId="ref17151" refString="STAL C. 1858: Till kannedomen om Amerikas Chrysomeliner. Ofversigt af Kongliga Vetenskaps-Akademiens Forhandlingar 15: 469 - 478." type="journal article" year="1858">Stål, 1858</bibRefCitation>
designated by ACHARD (1923).
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="8.[828,1437,190,2069]" pageId="8" pageNumber="181">
<emphasis box="[858,1022,1886,1909]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="181">Elytrosphaera</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="BLANCHARD E." box="[1033,1227,1886,1909]" pageId="8" pageNumber="181" pagination="1 - 20" refId="ref12965" refString="BLANCHARD E. 1845: Histoire des insectes, traitant de leurs moeurs et de leurs metamorphoses en general et comprenant une nouvelle classification fondee sur leurs rapports naturels. Coleopteres, Orthopteres, Thysanopteres, Nevropteres, Lepidopteres, Hemipteres, Aphanipteres, Strepsipteres, Dipteres, Anoplures et Thysanures. Firmin Didot Freres, Paris, 524 pp. + pls 1 - 20." type="book chapter" year="1845">Blanchard, 1845</bibRefCitation>
has priority over 
<taxonomicName authority="Gistel, 1848" authorityName="Gistel" authorityYear="1848" box="[828,1104,1918,1942]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Comisteisa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="181" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[828,951,1919,1942]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="181">Comisteisa</emphasis>
Gistel, 1848
</taxonomicName>
. Because the 
<typeStatus box="[1265,1313,1918,1941]" pageId="8" pageNumber="181">type</typeStatus>
species of 
<emphasis box="[828,983,1950,1973]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="181">Elytrosphaera</emphasis>
and 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gistel" authorityYear="1848" box="[1032,1153,1951,1974]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Comisteisa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="181" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[1032,1153,1951,1974]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="181">Comisteisa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis box="[1167,1323,1950,1974]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="181">E. xanthopyga</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="STAL C." box="[1328,1436,1950,1973]" pageId="8" pageNumber="181" pagination="469 - 478" refId="ref17151" refString="STAL C. 1858: Till kannedomen om Amerikas Chrysomeliner. Ofversigt af Kongliga Vetenskaps-Akademiens Forhandlingar 15: 469 - 478." type="journal article" year="1858">Stål, 1858</bibRefCitation>
and 
<emphasis box="[874,1039,1982,2006]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="181">C. xanthoptera</emphasis>
Gistel, 1848) were synonymized by 
<bibRefCitation author="MONROS F. &amp; BECHYNE J." box="[828,1119,2014,2037]" pageId="8" pageNumber="181" pagination="1118 - 1137" refId="ref16314" refString="MONROS F. &amp; BECHYNE J. 1956: Uber einige verkannte Chrysomeliden-Namen. Entomologischen Arbeiten aus dem Museum G. Frey 7: 1118 - 1137." type="journal article" year="1956">MONRÓS &amp; BECHYNÉ (1956)</bibRefCitation>
, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gistel" authorityYear="1848" box="[1129,1248,2015,2038]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Comisteisa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="181" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[1129,1248,2015,2038]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="181">Comisteisa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is here confirmed as a junior objective synonym of 
<emphasis box="[1192,1347,2046,2069]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="181">Elytrosphaera</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>