392 lines
39 KiB
XML
392 lines
39 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1066.69697" ID-GBIF-Dataset="89be094e-6732-48a6-b5aa-74053d16f748" ID-GBIF-Taxon="189600050" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1066-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="BD84F4C3157550C9B64120B2BE53F01A" ID-ZooBank="133CE040A5AF44F1BC9A558C2F06A8AA" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1066-1" checkinTime="1635480455043" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Filander, Zoleka N., Kitahara, Marcelo V., Cairns, Stephen D., Sink, Kerry J. & Lombard, Amanda T." docDate="2021" docId="4BD4AD9AB4B38DF9B955EA8E31869A15" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1066: 1-198" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1066" docPubDate="2021-10-28" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1066.69697" docTitle="Cyathotrochus pileus" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" id="BD84F4C3157550C9B64120B2BE53F01A" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="BD84F4C3157550C9B64120B2BE53F01A" masterDocTitle="Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from South Africa" masterLastPageNumber="198" masterPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1635513010010" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from South Africa</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Filander, Zoleka N.</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6905-4440</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Biodiversity and Coastal Research, Oceans and Coasts, Department of Environment, Forestry, and Fisheries, Cape Town, South Africa & Zoology Department, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">zfilander@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Kitahara, Marcelo V.</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Departamento de Ciencias do Mar, Santos, Brazil & Centro de Biologia Marinha, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Sebastiao, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Cairns, Stephen D.</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC, USA</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Sink, Kerry J.</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>South African National Biodiversity Institute, Cape Town, South Africa & Institute for Coastal and Marine Research, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Lombard, Amanda T.</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Institute for Coastal and Marine Research, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part>
|
||
<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number>2021-10-28</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number>1066</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start>1</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end>198</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location>
|
||
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1066.69697</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1066.69697</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1066-1</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">133CE040A5AF44F1BC9A558C2F06A8AA</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">BD84F4C3157550C9B64120B2BE53F01A</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="189600050" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4BD4AD9AB4B38DF9B955EA8E31869A15" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4BD4AD9AB4B38DF9B955EA8E31869A15" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Alcock, 1902)" baseAuthorityName="Alcock" baseAuthorityYear="1902" class="Anthozoa" family="Turbinoliidae" genus="Cyathotrochus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyathotrochus pileus" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pileus">Cyathotrochus pileus (Alcock, 1902)</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. A, B Cyathotrochus pileus (SAMC _ A 087424, off Durban, 270 m) A calicular view B lateral view C, D Deltocyathoides orientalis (BIVa 2, locality unknown, 80) C calicular view D basal view E, F Deltocyathoides sentus (USNM 91551, off Shaka's Rock, 300 m) G, H Sphenotrochus (Eusthenotrochus) gilchristi (SAMC _ A 090086, off Cape Point, 24 m) G calicular view H lateral view I, J Sphenotrochus (Sphenotrochus) aurantiacus (SAM _ H 1416, off the Agulhas, 366 m) I calicular view J lateral view K, L Sphenotrochus (Sphenotrochus) evexicostatus (SAMC _ A 090085, locality data unknown, 43 m) K calicular view L lateral view M, N Sphenotrochus (Sphenotrochus) imbricaticostatus (USNM 91715 _ Holotype, off Kosi-Kumpungwini (Sifungwe) Estuary, 44 m) K calicular view L lateral view O, P Tropidocyathus lessonii (SAMC _ A 073218, off Kosi Bay Estuary, 74 m) O calicular view P lateral view. Scale bars: 10 mm (A-H, J-M, O-P); 2 mm (I, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1066.69697.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/604118" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fig. 15A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tenison-Woods" authorityYear="1878" class="Anthozoa" family="Turbinoliidae" genus="Endopachys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Endopachys australiae" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="australiae">Endopachys australiae</taxonomicName>
|
||
Tenison-Woods, 1878: 333, pl. 6, fig. 1A-C.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Turbinoliidae" genus="Tropidocyathus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tropidocyathus bougainvillea" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="bougainvillea">Tropidocyathus bougainvillea</taxonomicName>
|
||
Milne-Edwards & Haime, 1857: 57.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Alcock" authorityYear="1902" class="Anthozoa" family="Turbinoliidae" genus="Trochocyathus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trochocyathus pileus" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pileus">Trochocyathus pileus</taxonomicName>
|
||
Alcock, 1902a: 96-97. -
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Alcock, A" journalOrPublisher="Tijdschrift der Nederlandsche Dierkundige Vereeniging" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B8" refString="Alcock, A, 1902c. Report on the deep-sea Madreporaria of the Siboga-Expedition. Siboga-Expeditie 16a: 1-52. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11383" title="Report on the deep-sea Madreporaria of the Siboga-Expedition. Siboga-Expeditie 16 a: 1 - 52. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 11383" year="1902 c">Alcock 1902c</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 15-16, pl. 2, figs 11, 11A
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Faustino, L" journalOrPublisher="Monographs, Philippine Bureau of Science 22" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B92" refString="Faustino, L, 1927. Recent Madreporaria of the Philippine Islands. Monographs, Philippine Bureau of Science 22" title="Recent Madreporaria of the Philippine Islands." year="1927">. -Faustino 1927</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 8, 34, 39, 81
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Gardiner, J" journalOrPublisher="Scientific Reports" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="167 - 202" refId="B104" refString="Gardiner, J, Waugh, P, 1938. The flabellid and turbinolid corals. The John Murray Expedition 1933-34. Scientific Reports 5 (7): 167 - 202" title="The flabellid and turbinolid corals. The John Murray Expedition 1933 - 34." volume="5" year="1938">. -Gardiner and Waugh 1938</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 187. -
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Yabe, H" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Imperial Academy of Japan" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B326" refString="Yabe, H, Eguchi, M, 1942b. Fossil and Recent Simple Corals from Japan. Scientific Reports of the Tohoku Imperial University, series 2 (Geology) 22(2): 105-178." title="Fossil and Recent Simple Corals from Japan. Scientific Reports of the Tohoku Imperial University, series 2 (Geology) 22 (2): 105 - 178." year="1942 b">Yabe and Eguchi 1942b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 106, 123.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Alcock" baseAuthorityYear="1902" class="Anthozoa" family="Turbinoliidae" genus="Tropidocyathus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tropidocyathus pileus" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pileus">Tropidocyathus pileus</taxonomicName>
|
||
. -
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 136" refId="B34" refString="Cairns, S, 1989a. A revision of the ahermatypic Scleractinia of the Philippine Islands and adjacent waters, Part 1: Fungiacyathidae, Micrabaciidae, Turbinoliinae, Guyniidae, and Flabellidae. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 486: 1 - 136" title="A revision of the ahermatypic Scleractinia of the Philippine Islands and adjacent waters, Part 1: Fungiacyathidae, Micrabaciidae, Turbinoliinae, Guyniidae, and Flabellidae." volume="486" year="1989 a">Cairns 1989a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 34-35, pl. 17, figs A-H
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 150" refId="B37" refString="Cairns, S, 1994. Scleractinia of the temperate North Pacific. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 557: 1 - 150" title="Scleractinia of the temperate North Pacific." volume="557" year="1994">. -Cairns 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 68, pl. 29, figs D, E. -
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="New Zealand Oceanographic Institute Memoir" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 210" refId="B38" refString="Cairns, S, 1995. The marine fauna of New Zealand: Scleractinia (Cnidaria Anthozoa). New Zealand Oceanographic Institute Memoir 103: 1 - 210" title="The marine fauna of New Zealand: Scleractinia (Cnidaria Anthozoa)." volume="103" year="1995">Cairns 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 91, pl. 28, figs A-C. -
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Paris)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="27 - 243" refId="B54" refString="Cairns, S, Zibrowius, H, 1997. Cnidaria Anthozoa: azooxanthellate Scleractinia from the Philippines and Indonesian regions. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Paris) 172: 27 - 243" title="Cnidaria Anthozoa: azooxanthellate Scleractinia from the Philippines and Indonesian regions." volume="172" year="1997">Cairns and Zibrowius 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 147-148, fig. 19H, I.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Alcock" baseAuthorityYear="1902" class="Anthozoa" family="Turbinoliidae" genus="Cyathotrochus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyathotrochus pileus" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pileus">Cyathotrochus pileus</taxonomicName>
|
||
. -
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 55" refId="B39" refString="Cairns, S, 1997. A generic revision and phylogenetic analysis of the Turbinoliidae (Cnidaria: Scleractinia). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 591: 1 - 55" title="A generic revision and phylogenetic analysis of the Turbinoliidae (Cnidaria: Scleractinia)." volume="591" year="1997">Cairns 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 16, pl. 1, figs F-G, pl. 4, fig. F. -
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Records of the Western Australian Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="361 - 417" refId="B40" refString="Cairns, S, 1998. Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) of western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum 18: 361 - 417" title="Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) of western Australia." volume="18" year="1998">Cairns 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 392.- Cairns 1999: 110-111. -
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Atoll Research Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="13 - 46" refId="B57" refString="Cairns, S, Hoeksema, B, van der Land, J, 1999. Appendix: List of Extant Stony Corals. Atoll Research Bulletin 459: 13 - 46" title="Appendix: List of Extant Stony Corals." volume="459" year="1999">Cairns et al. 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 40
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Records of the Australian Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="259 - 329" refId="B45" refString="Cairns, S, 2004a. The Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) of Australia. Records of the Australian Museum 56: 259 - 329" title="The Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) of Australia." volume="56" year="2004 a">. -Cairns 2004a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 292, figs 6D, E. -
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Kitahara, M" journalOrPublisher="Papeis Avulsos de Zoologia (Sao Paulo)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B157" refString="Kitahara, M, Cairns, S, Stolarski, J, Blair, D, Miller, D, 2010b. A comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of the Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) based on mitochondrial CO1 sequence data. PLoS ONE 5: e11490. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0011490" title="A comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of the Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) based on mitochondrial CO 1 sequence data. PLoS ONE 5: e 11490. https: // doi. org / 10.1371 / journal. pone. 0011490" year="2010 b">Kitahara et al. 2010b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 9. -
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Kitahara, M" journalOrPublisher="Publications Scientifiques du Museum, Paris" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B154" refString="Kitahara, M, Cairns, S, 2021. Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos volume 32: Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from New Caledonia. Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle. Publications Scientifiques du Museum, Paris" title="Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos volume 32: Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from New Caledonia. Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle." year="2021">Kitahara and Cairns 2021</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 95-96, 98, figs 36H, 37, 38A-C.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type locality">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type locality.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Sulu Archipelago, Philippines (HMS
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="‘Siboga’">'Siboga'</normalizedToken>
|
||
stn. 95:
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="5" direction="north" minutes="43" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="00" value="5.7166667">5°43'00"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="119" direction="east" minutes="40" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="00" value="119.666664">119°40'00"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
); 522 m
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 150" refId="B37" refString="Cairns, S, 1994. Scleractinia of the temperate North Pacific. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 557: 1 - 150" title="Scleractinia of the temperate North Pacific." volume="557" year="1994">(Cairns 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type material">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type material.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Four syntypes are deposited at the ZMA
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 150" refId="B37" refString="Cairns, S, 1994. Scleractinia of the temperate North Pacific. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 557: 1 - 150" title="Scleractinia of the temperate North Pacific." volume="557" year="1994">(Cairns 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Material examined.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" county="Bulolo Estuary" elevation="190" latitude="-31.7317" location="Eastern" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="29.536697" municipality="Port St. Johns" specimenCount="2">
|
||
SAMC_A073181 (
|
||
<specimenCount type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
):
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4BD4AD9AB4B38DF9B955EA8E31869A15:D1801A4E0870F932096972911F39DFC9" county="Bulolo Estuary" latitude="-31.7317" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="29.536697" municipality="Port St. Johns" name="Eastern">Eastern</location>
|
||
margin,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" unit="km" value="11.0">11 km</quantity>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Port St. Johns</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
/
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="km" value="10.0">10 km</quantity>
|
||
off
|
||
<collectingCounty>Bulolo Estuary</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="31" direction="south" minutes="43" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="54.12" value="-31.7317">31°43'54.12"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="29" direction="east" minutes="32" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="12.11" value="29.536697">29°32'12.11"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount type="generic">
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" unit="m" value="190.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" unit="m" value="190.0">190 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" county="Beachwood Mangroves" elevation="270" latitude="-29.89" location="Eastern" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="31.186697" municipality="Durban" specimenCount="1">
|
||
SAMC_A087424 (
|
||
<specimenCount type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
):
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4BD4AD9AB4B38DF9B955EA8E31869A15:DB503E88AEF7D1FADA72F6369344C6D9" county="Beachwood Mangroves" latitude="-29.89" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="31.186697" municipality="Durban" name="Eastern">Eastern</location>
|
||
margin,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" unit="km" value="19.0">19 km</quantity>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Durban</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
/
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" unit="km" value="18.0">18 km</quantity>
|
||
off
|
||
<collectingCounty>Beachwood Mangroves</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="29" direction="south" minutes="53" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="24.00" value="-29.89">29°53'24.00"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="31" direction="east" minutes="11" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="12.11" value="31.186697">31°11'12.11"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount type="generic">
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" unit="m" value="270.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" unit="m" value="270.0">270 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Corallum cuneiform, laterally compressed, with a rounded base. Thecal edge crests absent. Calice elliptical (GCD:LCD = 1.7-1.9), calicular margin lanceted. Largest specimen examined (SAMC_A073181) 21.2
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
12.3 mm in CD, and 21.5 mm in H. Costae ridged, serrated, highly granular, and equal in width. Intercostal striae narrow, deep, and extend to base. Corallum predominantly pale cream, but freshly collected specimens pale orange with white septa and calicular margin.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Septa hexamerally arranged in five incomplete cycles according to the formula: S1 ≥ S2> S4> S3 or S1 ≥ S2> S3> S5> S4. S1 highly exsert and each bearing a small palus. S2 slightly less exsert, and slightly smaller or equal in size to S1. P2 similar to P1 but rising higher than it in fossa. In half-systems without S5, S3 smaller and less exsert than S2 and bear the widest pali. S4 dimorphic in development: those adjacent to S1 are wider than those adjacent to S2. S4 fuses to S1 and S2 at calicular margin forming triangular apexes. In half-systems with S5, S3 small and bear a wide palus. S4 adjacent to S2 slightly wider than S3 and also bear a wide palus. S4 adjacent to S1 lack pali. S5 dimorphic in development: those adjacent S1 wider but as exsert as ones neighbouring S2. All axial edge of septa and pali slightly sinuous, with faces being uniformly covered by pointed and sharp granules. Columella papillose and aligned with GCD, but sometimes difficult to view due to the highly compressed corallum.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Regional: Eastern margin of South Africa, off Port St. Johns extending towards Durban; 190-270 m. Elsewhere: Tanzania
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Gardiner, J" journalOrPublisher="Scientific Reports" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="167 - 202" refId="B104" refString="Gardiner, J, Waugh, P, 1938. The flabellid and turbinolid corals. The John Murray Expedition 1933-34. Scientific Reports 5 (7): 167 - 202" title="The flabellid and turbinolid corals. The John Murray Expedition 1933 - 34." volume="5" year="1938">(Gardiner and Waugh 1938</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); Japan; South China Sea
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 150" refId="B37" refString="Cairns, S, 1994. Scleractinia of the temperate North Pacific. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 557: 1 - 150" title="Scleractinia of the temperate North Pacific." volume="557" year="1994">(Cairns 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); Philippines; Indonesia (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Paris)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="27 - 243" refId="B54" refString="Cairns, S, Zibrowius, H, 1997. Cnidaria Anthozoa: azooxanthellate Scleractinia from the Philippines and Indonesian regions. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Paris) 172: 27 - 243" title="Cnidaria Anthozoa: azooxanthellate Scleractinia from the Philippines and Indonesian regions." volume="172" year="1997">Cairns and Zibrowius 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); Australia (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Records of the Western Australian Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="361 - 417" refId="B40" refString="Cairns, S, 1998. Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) of western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum 18: 361 - 417" title="Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) of western Australia." volume="18" year="1998">Cairns 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); Vanuatu (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="31 - 167" refId="B41" refString="Cairns, S, 1999a. Cnidaria Anthozoa: deep-water azooxanthellate Scleractinia from Vanuatu, and Wallis and Futuna Islands. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle 180: 31 - 167" title="Cnidaria Anthozoa: deep-water azooxanthellate Scleractinia from Vanuatu, and Wallis and Futuna Islands." volume="180" year="1999 a">Cairns 1999a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); New Caledonia (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Kitahara, M" journalOrPublisher="Publications Scientifiques du Museum, Paris" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B154" refString="Kitahara, M, Cairns, S, 2021. Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos volume 32: Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from New Caledonia. Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle. Publications Scientifiques du Museum, Paris" title="Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos volume 32: Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from New Caledonia. Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle." year="2021">Kitahara and Cairns 2021</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); 123-1110 m.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Although two authors have reported
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Alcock" baseAuthorityYear="1902" class="Anthozoa" family="Turbinoliidae" genus="Cyathotrochus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyathotrochus pileus" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pileus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cyathotrochus pileus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
before (Alcock, 1902a), their priority is discounted based on varying nomenclature reasons.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tenison-Woods" authorityYear="1878" class="Anthozoa" family="Turbinoliidae" genus="Endopachys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Endopachys australiae" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="australiae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Endopachys australiae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Tenison-Woods, J" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Linnaean Society of New South Wales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="292 - 341" refId="B276" refString="Tenison-Woods, J, 1878. On the extratropical corals of Australia. Proceedings of the Linnaean Society of New South Wales 2: 292 - 341" title="On the extratropical corals of Australia." volume="2" year="1878">Tenison-Woods 1878</bibRefCitation>
|
||
account of species was not used in the literature subsequent to its original description. Whilst
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Turbinoliidae" genus="Tropidocyathus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tropidocyathus bougainvillea" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="bougainvillea">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tropidocyathus bougainvillea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Milne-Edwards & Haime, 1857 type material is untraceable and the authors did not illustrate their specimens (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 136" refId="B34" refString="Cairns, S, 1989a. A revision of the ahermatypic Scleractinia of the Philippine Islands and adjacent waters, Part 1: Fungiacyathidae, Micrabaciidae, Turbinoliinae, Guyniidae, and Flabellidae. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 486: 1 - 136" title="A revision of the ahermatypic Scleractinia of the Philippine Islands and adjacent waters, Part 1: Fungiacyathidae, Micrabaciidae, Turbinoliinae, Guyniidae, and Flabellidae." volume="486" year="1989 a">Cairns 1989a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Thus, according to article 23.9.1 of the ICZN (1999),
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tenison-Woods" authorityYear="1878" class="Anthozoa" family="Turbinoliidae" genus="Endopachys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Endopachys australiae" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="australiae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Endopachys australiae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is considered to be a nomen oblitum and
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Rhizangiidae" genus="C." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. pileus" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="pileus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. pileus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to be a nomen protectum. There are two extant species belonging to
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bourne" authorityYear="1905" class="Anthozoa" family="Turbinoliidae" genus="Cyathotrochus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyathotrochus" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cyathotrochus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Rhizangiidae" genus="C." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. pileus" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="pileus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. pileus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Rhizangiidae" genus="C." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. nascornatus" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="nascornatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. nascornatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Gardiner, J" journalOrPublisher="Scientific Reports" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="167 - 202" refId="B104" refString="Gardiner, J, Waugh, P, 1938. The flabellid and turbinolid corals. The John Murray Expedition 1933-34. Scientific Reports 5 (7): 167 - 202" title="The flabellid and turbinolid corals. The John Murray Expedition 1933 - 34." volume="5" year="1938">(Gardiner and Waugh 1938</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)), which may be distinguished based on the irregularity of coralla (as a result of asexual reproduction) taken by
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Rhizangiidae" genus="C." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. nascornatus" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="nascornatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. nascornatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 136" refId="B34" refString="Cairns, S, 1989a. A revision of the ahermatypic Scleractinia of the Philippine Islands and adjacent waters, Part 1: Fungiacyathidae, Micrabaciidae, Turbinoliinae, Guyniidae, and Flabellidae. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 486: 1 - 136" title="A revision of the ahermatypic Scleractinia of the Philippine Islands and adjacent waters, Part 1: Fungiacyathidae, Micrabaciidae, Turbinoliinae, Guyniidae, and Flabellidae." volume="486" year="1989 a">Cairns 1989a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Nonetheless, examined specimens represent new records of
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Alcock" baseAuthorityYear="1902" class="Anthozoa" family="Turbinoliidae" genus="Cyathotrochus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyathotrochus pileus" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pileus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cyathotrochus pileus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from South Africa and, therefore, extend its known distribution from south of Tanzania. Among the
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Turbinoliidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="family">Turbinoliidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
of the region,
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Rhizangiidae" genus="C." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. pileus" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="pileus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. pileus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
resembles
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Michelin" baseAuthorityYear="1842" class="Anthozoa" family="Turbinoliidae" genus="Tropidocyathus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tropidocyathus lessonii" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="lessonii">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tropidocyathus lessonii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but can be distinguished by the lack of thecal edge crest, ridged costae, and triangular apexes at the calicular margin.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1066.69697.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/604118" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 15" startId="F15">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 15.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Alcock" baseAuthorityYear="1902" class="Anthozoa" family="Turbinoliidae" genus="Cyathotrochus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyathotrochus pileus" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pileus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cyathotrochus pileus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(SAMC_A087424, off Durban, 270 m)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||
calicular view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||
lateral view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Duncan" baseAuthorityYear="1876" class="Anthozoa" family="Turbinoliidae" genus="Deltocyathoides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Deltocyathoides orientalis" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Deltocyathoides orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(BIVa2, locality unknown, 80)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||
calicular view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||
basal view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kitahara & Cairns" authorityYear="2021" class="Anthozoa" family="Turbinoliidae" genus="Deltocyathoides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Deltocyathoides sentus" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="sentus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Deltocyathoides sentus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(USNM 91551, off
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Shaka’s">Shaka's</normalizedToken>
|
||
Rock, 300 m)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gardiner" authorityYear="1904" class="Anthozoa" family="Turbinoliidae" genus="Sphenotrochus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphenotrochus (Eusthenotrochus) gilchristi" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="gilchristi" subGenus="Eusthenotrochus">Sphenotrochus (Eusthenotrochus) gilchristi</taxonomicName>
|
||
(SAMC_A090086, off Cape Point, 24 m)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
|
||
calicular view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H</emphasis>
|
||
lateral view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">J</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="von Marenzeller" authorityYear="1904" class="Anthozoa" family="Turbinoliidae" genus="Sphenotrochus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphenotrochus (Sphenotrochus) aurantiacus" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="aurantiacus" subGenus="Sphenotrochus">Sphenotrochus (Sphenotrochus) aurantiacus</taxonomicName>
|
||
(SAM_ H1416, off the Agulhas, 366 m)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I</emphasis>
|
||
calicular view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">J</emphasis>
|
||
lateral view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cairns in Cairns & Keller" authorityYear="1993" class="Anthozoa" family="Turbinoliidae" genus="Sphenotrochus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphenotrochus (Sphenotrochus) evexicostatus" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="evexicostatus" subGenus="Sphenotrochus">Sphenotrochus (Sphenotrochus) evexicostatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
(SAMC_A090085, locality data unknown, 43 m)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K</emphasis>
|
||
calicular view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L</emphasis>
|
||
lateral view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cairns in Cairns & Keller" authorityYear="1993" class="Anthozoa" family="Turbinoliidae" genus="Sphenotrochus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphenotrochus (Sphenotrochus) imbricaticostatus" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="imbricaticostatus" subGenus="Sphenotrochus">Sphenotrochus (Sphenotrochus) imbricaticostatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
(USNM 91715_Holotype, off Kosi-Kumpungwini (Sifungwe) Estuary, 44 m)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K</emphasis>
|
||
calicular view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L</emphasis>
|
||
lateral view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">O</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Michelin" baseAuthorityYear="1842" class="Anthozoa" family="Turbinoliidae" genus="Tropidocyathus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tropidocyathus lessonii" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="lessonii">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tropidocyathus lessonii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(SAMC_ A073218, off Kosi Bay Estuary, 74 m)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">O</emphasis>
|
||
calicular view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P</emphasis>
|
||
lateral view. Scale bars: 10 mm (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A-H</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">J-M</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">O-P</emphasis>
|
||
); 2 mm (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |