212 lines
17 KiB
XML
212 lines
17 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.646.11411" ID-GBIF-Dataset="1ae2df0d-c4ac-4585-bddf-1c506ec24527" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-646-79" ID-Pensoft-UUID="ED48FF9133618467FFECFFCBFFC34304" ID-ZBK="3175884F5A4246628F097639C0FDE708" ID-Zenodo-Dep="249017" ID-ZooBank="3175884F5A4246628F097639C0FDE708" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2017" ModsDocID="1313-2970-646-79" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 646" ModsDocTitle="Review of Neopalpa Povolný, 1998 with description of a new species from California and Baja California, Mexico (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae)" checkinTime="1484692281228" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Nazari, Vazrick" docDate="2017" docId="04AA103520F707AD6D7ABCBDDA56B99F" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 646: 79-94" docOrigin="ZooKeys 646" docPubDate="2017-01-17" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.646.11411" docTitle="Neopalpa Povolny 1998" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="ED48FF9133618467FFECFFCBFFC34304" lastPageNumber="83" masterDocId="ED48FF9133618467FFECFFCBFFC34304" masterDocTitle="Review of Neopalpa Povolny, 1998 with description of a new species from California and Baja California, Mexico (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae)" masterLastPageNumber="94" masterPageNumber="79" pageNumber="81" updateTime="1666122901902" updateUser="pensoft">
|
||
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>Review of Neopalpa Povolny, 1998 with description of a new species from California and Baja California, Mexico (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae)</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Nazari, Vazrick</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9064-8959</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>3058 - C KW Neatby Building, 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, ON K 1 A 0 C 6 Canada</mods:affiliation>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">nvazrick@yahoo.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part>
|
||
<mods:date>2017</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number>2017-01-17</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number>646</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start>79</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end>94</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location>
|
||
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.646.11411</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.646.11411</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-646-79</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">3175884F5A4246628F097639C0FDE708</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">ED48FF9133618467FFECFFCBFFC34304</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">249017</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="127894884" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:04AA103520F707AD6D7ABCBDDA56B99F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/04AA103520F707AD6D7ABCBDDA56B99F" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="83" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="81" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<taxonomicName LSID="2BDB0CE5-61D4-5B4B-8094-5BCBA7F325EC" authority="Povolny, 1998" authorityName="Povolny" authorityYear="1998" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Neopalpa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neopalpa" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
Neopalpa
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Povolný">Povolny</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 1998
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="81" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Povolny" authorityYear="1998" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Neopalpa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neopalpa" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Neopalpa</taxonomicName>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Povolný">Povolny</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 1998a: 141, figs 1, 6.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="81" type="type species">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="81">Type species.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Povolny" authorityYear="1998" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Neopalpa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neopalpa neonata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="neonata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">Neopalpa neonata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Povolný">Povolny</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 1998b (by original designation).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="82" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="82">
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="3" pageNumber="82" start="start">Diagnosis</pageBreakToken>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="82">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Povolny" authorityYear="1998" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Neopalpa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neopalpa" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">Neopalpa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be defined by the combination of the following genitalia characters: male tegumen long and parallel sided, gnathos a short and delicate spine with distinct V-shaped arms, uncus tall and rounded, valvae sigmoid with antler-shaped tip, saccus narrow and nearly as long as tegumen, phallus nearly as long as longitudinal axis of genitalia, with a subovate caecum and a sub-terminal projection. Female with a well-developed antrum and an aviform signum.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="82" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="82">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="82">
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Povolny, D" journalOrPublisher="SHILAP Revista de Lepidopterologia" pageId="12" pageNumber="91" pagination="139 - 146" refId="B14" refString="Povolny, D, 1998a. Neopalpa Povolny, gen. n. and Eurysaccoides Povolny, gen. n., two new genera of the tribe Gnorimoschemini from California with the description of three new species. (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae). SHILAP Revista de Lepidopterologia 26: 139 - 146" title="Neopalpa Povolny, gen. n. and Eurysaccoides Povolny, gen. n., two new genera of the tribe Gnorimoschemini from California with the description of three new species. (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)." volume="26" year="1998 a">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Povolný">Povolny</normalizedToken>
|
||
(1998a)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
did not provide a differential diagnosis for
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="N. neonata" order="Solanales" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="neonata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">N. neonata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; instead he emphasized the "extremely characteristic" male genitalia,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="“…">"...</normalizedToken>
|
||
mainly reflected in the form of the curious bilobate paired process arising from the sacculus, in the shape of slender parallel-sided sigmoid valva with its curious tip, and in the long slender aedeagus with the specialized tip." As for the adult, he commented, "The moth shows the monotonous forewing coloration with indistinct blackish stigmata characteristic of the tribe." With the discovery of a new species of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Povolny" authorityYear="1998" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Neopalpa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neopalpa" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">Neopalpa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
described here, none of these characters holds up as a synapomorphy for the genus. While comparable structures occur in other
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Povolny" authorityYear="1964" lsidName="" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" rank="tribe" tribe="Gnorimoschemini">Gnorimoschemini</taxonomicName>
|
||
(e.g., some species in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Meyrick" authorityYear="1908" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Ephysteris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ephysteris" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">Ephysteris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Busck" authorityYear="1939" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Keiferia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Keiferia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">Keiferia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), the "curious bilobate paired process arising from the sacculus" is significantly reduced in the new species. Also, the sigmoid bifurcating valve is not unique in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Povolny" authorityYear="1964" lsidName="" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" rank="tribe" tribe="Gnorimoschemini">Gnorimoschemini</taxonomicName>
|
||
(present in some species of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Busck" authorityYear="1939" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Keiferia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Keiferia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">Keiferia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Scrobipalpopsis" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scrobipalpopsis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">Scrobipalpopsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Symmetrischema" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Symmetrischema" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">Symmetrischema</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and the new species does not show a highly-specialized phallus. In addition, the adults of the new species show a highly-contrasting wing pattern that is very distinct from
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="N. neonata" order="Solanales" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="neonata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">N. neonata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="83" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="82">Description.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="82">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">Head</emphasis>
|
||
. Scaled with light-yellow frons, scales on the vertex converging towards middle, often with darker tips, ocelli present, small, located behind the base of antenna. Labial palpi strongly up-curved, segment 3 acute, about 2/3 length of segment 2; antenna with more or less distinct dark and light rings.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="82">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">Thorax</emphasis>
|
||
. Grey to brown; wingspan 7-12 mm; forewing slender, discal and apical areas dark brown, termen with black-tipped white scales. Hindwing off-white to greyish with a well-developed tornal lobe and a pointed tip.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="82">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
. Male tergum 8 subtriangular, equilateral, weakly sclerotized and concave anteriorly; sternum 8 more than twice the size of tergum 8, subrectangular, broader than long, posterior margin broadly rounded, anterior margin bilobate with a deep ventral emargination. Female segment 7 trapezoidal, tergum 7 approximately twice the length of other abdominal segments; apodemes in both sexes well developed. Coremata absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="82">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">Male genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
. Characterized by elongate shape, long parallel-sided tegumen and slender, well-rounded uncus; gnathos a short spine; culcitula weakly developed; valva sigmoid, parallel sided with a bifurcating antler-shaped tip; sacculus parabasally located, short and cone shaped; vincular processes variously developed; saccus elongate, nearly as long as tegumen; phallus elongate with a subovate caecum and a distinct subterminal spine.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="83" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">Female genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
. Segment 8 with almost evenly sclerotized subgenital plate, moderately to strongly sculpted, ventromedial zone membranous; ostium bursae distinctly edged; antrum wide, tubular and weakly sclerotized, nearly
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="¾">3/4</normalizedToken>
|
||
length of apophysis
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="83" start="start">anterioris</pageBreakToken>
|
||
; apophysis anterioris thin and parallel sided, about same length as segment 8; ductus bursae same width as antrum and same length as apophysis anterioris; corpus bursae clearly delineated, bulbous; signum aviform with a central spine (hook) and two wide subtriangular lobes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="83" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="83">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="83">Western USA (California and Arizona) and Baja California, Mexico.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="83" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="83">Biology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="83">
|
||
Both species specialize in xeric habitats. The host plant is unknown, but is probably in the
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="4" pageNumber="83" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Solanaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(one specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="N. neonata" order="Solanales" pageId="4" pageNumber="83" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="neonata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">N. neonata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
"collected in tomato foliage").
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="83" type="key">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="83">
|
||
Key to species of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Povolny" authorityYear="1998" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Neopalpa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neopalpa" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">Neopalpa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="83">
|
||
<table inLine="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">
|
||
<tr pageId="4" pageNumber="83">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="83" rowspan="1">1</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="83" rowspan="1">
|
||
Forewing predominantly dark brown or gray; male genitalia with large bilobate vincular processes 4
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
length of sacculus; phallus with a curved tip and a distinct subterminal hook; female genitalia segment 8 extensively sculpted with microtrichea, signum aviform with granulated wings
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="83" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="N. neonata" order="Solanales" pageId="4" pageNumber="83" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="neonata">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">N. neonata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="4" pageNumber="83">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="83" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="83" rowspan="1">Forewing orange yellow except costal and terminal areas dark brown; male genitalia vincular processes not longer than sacculus, phallus tip acute with a subtle subterminal thorn; female genitalia segment 8 with hardly any microtrichea, signum aviform with smooth wings</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="83" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="N. donaldtrumpi" order="Solanales" pageId="4" pageNumber="83" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="donaldtrumpi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">N. donaldtrumpi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |