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<document ID-CLB-Dataset="61372" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.197.81367" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9007242a-2b0e-416a-89c9-27029f4c2a64" ID-PMC="PMC9849048" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-197-81" ID-Pensoft-UUID="37EA452A15155D1CB85CA350AF70A112" ID-PubMed="36760671" ModsDocID="1314-2003-197-81" checkinTime="1653995772258" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Santamaria-Aguilar, Daniel &amp; Lagomarsino, Laura P." docDate="2022" docId="68198C2169205CE89FC72022DE5D5B89" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 197: 81-148" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 197" docPubDate="2022-05-30" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.197.81367" docTitle="Virola macrocarpa A. C. Sm. Brittonia 2: 476. 1938." docType="treatment" docVersion="5" id="37EA452A15155D1CB85CA350AF70A112" lastPageNumber="81" masterDocId="37EA452A15155D1CB85CA350AF70A112" masterDocTitle="New Species of Virola (Myristicaceae) from South America" masterLastPageNumber="148" masterPageNumber="81" pageNumber="81" updateTime="1732937733806" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="ABA0BBB9977EC0E04B44090D83308583" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="8188F376E8CA635C32BD3EAFFB9DB0DC">
<mods:title id="5847690D4806B5CE810BD32DF92578A7">New Species of Virola (Myristicaceae) from South America</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="0695CB5AEA1B7ECA0680DC1C893A8B57" type="personal">
<mods:role id="4072B14A49E2701D338A8AF56FD5B2DE">
<mods:roleTerm id="2A9AE80E051246E9F74CD5953FBD53FA">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="8158093A08BEE7D3D2F3A9529398344E">Santamaria-Aguilar, Daniel</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="2E48CE9F7D2757E1EBF47874F7079F1F" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6339-8250</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="4FCECFD579A032E342A04C49FC3C8483">Shirley C. Tucker Herbarium, Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, 103 Life Sciences Building, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 - 1705, USA &amp; Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, Missouri, USA</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="845313C40AAAC863B5B8E81C4FD3FB4A" type="email">daniel.santamaria366@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="C28526A57D9E587F26E4F3D059D4A213" type="personal">
<mods:role id="2730333C3681023DE73B96E3202DB82E">
<mods:roleTerm id="E878F4568DDCD5238E50670FAC126B4F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="0D7A31C655AF202F815B0FE328FBC33D">Lagomarsino, Laura P.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="A09BE263ADE18875BB75A2FA5142C8ED">Shirley C. Tucker Herbarium, Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, 103 Life Sciences Building, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 - 1705, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="D21BFACBC1B9AA05DB0E12AB819902BC">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="E7AD66EDE14705D8140AF35CF9CC23BF" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="E51AAA9E2AD7C7ED692641D8668FD854">
<mods:title id="91492BB1A1B880CD7A989740CD53EE6A">PhytoKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="DA243667210446204B11E58F5855B430">
<mods:date id="A12C6323123CCE17978C91B94E654C20">2022</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="A9CB22B530D001C2C18B82DCB728E196" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="B9A4DCB2ECE932A1D6C38818C9BB1D62">2022-05-30</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="FA7439AA311C9809F44148F64901F60D" type="volume">
<mods:number id="5444E92867D4F9251E8DCE7E5E15FBC1">197</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="C5FF71D69E9570ADAB6A956356908BFF" unit="page">
<mods:start id="B9B760348E6907A0851A03D9E9A6EDA6">81</mods:start>
<mods:end id="F11776AF22167C98E25810094C5331E5">148</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location id="EDDB5817CC05ED838968DE3B6A0EDB22">
<mods:url id="A94983B09ECE41DA57F620170CC1B6F4">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.197.81367</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="05066070A4F323A6949A08A29BF70CB5">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="9EBD831965410DE0823EBADB60893E4C" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.197.81367</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="977B5137DAB77707C8C73316E7343D2B" type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-197-81</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="6EACA156682266F389A3CD7931DFC1B3" type="Pensoft-UUID">37EA452A15155D1CB85CA350AF70A112</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="68198C2169205CE89FC72022DE5D5B89" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195703435" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:68198C2169205CE89FC72022DE5D5B89" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/68198C2169205CE89FC72022DE5D5B89" lastPageNumber="81" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" scope_family="Myristicaceae">
<subSubSection id="4260D2CEFCD87C8B9176352C50F23BF2" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="02116FEA53CD362C8EC480419B2629AC" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
<taxonomicName id="3D23560C1769C0C21E39B858E5AA03CA" LSID="68198C21-6920-5CE8-9FC7-2022DE5D5B89" authority="A. C. Sm. Brittonia 2: 476. 1938." authorityName="A. C. Sm. Brittonia 2: 476. 1938." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myristicaceae" genus="Virola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Virola macrocarpa" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Spermatophyta" rank="species" species="macrocarpa">Virola macrocarpa A. C. Sm. Brittonia 2: 476. 1938.</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="674EECDC90A9183C306AC90ED93AF12F" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="F3A71302270CBF9414387C778F5A8108" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
<typeStatus id="66F119EABA7C174A5E154DFEB8EF2142">Type</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="59B732A316254E0256518FAFED9F1A27" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
<materialsCitation id="B79C0DF1CF321BA6EB1091E7D924646D" collectingDate="1933-03-15" collectorName="El Umbo, El Humbo, A. E. Lawrence" country="Colombia" elevation="1100" location="El Humbo" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Boyaca" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="0AF8B06B3EA1C4D8B05A09F8CB7D24D4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
<collectingCountry id="0AD6BBCA5BBBBF64494765C81186193A" name="Colombia">Colombia</collectingCountry>
.
<normalizedToken id="FD728365DB48A0E0E5B24C2C1600254E" originalValue="Boyacá">
<collectingRegion id="101B0FEADB62E2946AD3CD236E529B29" country="Colombia" name="Boyaca">Boyaca</collectingRegion>
</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
: [Municipality Muzo] [
<collectorName id="B29943C5B4C60A07A45BFE8983A07F81">El Umbo</collectorName>
]
<collectorName id="C4577E269FF964C056391A93136B40D1">
<location id="28F3731CA531349E7CD11BFCD6BF762B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:68198C2169205CE89FC72022DE5D5B89:28F3731CA531349E7CD11BFCD6BF762B" country="Colombia" name="El Humbo" stateProvince="Boyaca">El Humbo</location>
</collectorName>
, ca.
<quantity id="0BDAD6415EF9D29D59F7F8BFDBB19F3E" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0921472" unit="mi" value="130.0">130 mi</quantity>
N of
<normalizedToken id="FE93477CAD0832A925BF28D163F856B1" originalValue="Bogotá">
<collectingRegion id="53D839190DB450256A8682C968309E25" country="Colombia" name="Bogota">Bogota</collectingRegion>
</normalizedToken>
, alt. ca.
<quantity id="95D96C399EB0C96EC04A330C4CC0B166" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" unit="m" value="1100.0">
<elevation id="CFE28623904F7DB2827E5D3ECED122DC" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" unit="m" value="1100.0">1100 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<collectingDate id="6B8EC94B2565867F54D0633353C1FAC5" value="1933-03-15">15 Mar. 1933</collectingDate>
[fr],
<emphasis id="CF87622A32930B165AEAEEBFEC6392A9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
<collectorName id="BCF6F7305C80E76C5DB177A3CFC1CB6C">A. E. Lawrence</collectorName>
675
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="49CF8335C926A75B86BECDDB9AF7D78B">holotype</typeStatus>
: B, destroyed;
<typeStatus id="5FCF488C0461CE9A18DE27F0603B2A3C">lectotype</typeStatus>
, designated here: MO-2 sheets [accession 1068405, 1068404, barcodes MO-100018, MO-100024]; isolectotypes A [barcode 00039901; image!], F-2 sheets [barcodes F0360189F, F0360190F; image!], G-2 sheets [barcodes G00341083, G00341085; image!], K [barcode K000575178; image!], S [S-R-6995], US-2 sheets [barcodes US00098908, US00098909; image!]; photo of the B specimen at P [barcode 02026667; image!])
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CDEC7FB6C899531C9F372073C9ECB3CB" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="7D9C759AE93B15B0EA42BBCDC7B45A09" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2A1BE1066E2064152D2DF83056F925D3" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
Endemic to Colombia (
<normalizedToken id="031B8070F0140F5341B4DE874C316099" originalValue="Boyacá">Boyaca</normalizedToken>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B214B8AC91D409406F84D9E36B6EB317" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" type="notes">
<paragraph id="9AC6AA83BE2E305D79A20B40A5E63E73" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="658F02957EA60D376684022CC4D2455C" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
<taxonomicName id="6086746DA6DA0DF76EA855705DAF3EB4" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myristicaceae" genus="Virola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Virola macrocarpa" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Spermatophyta" rank="species" species="macrocarpa">
<emphasis id="528C0363FB1B5135BDA12F653DAA9618" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Virola macrocarpa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was described by Smith based on a specimen collected by the Scottish immigrant Alexander E. Lawrance in the Andes of
<normalizedToken id="387567F5ECA3FE017D7C7C5CA4727E57" originalValue="Boyacá">Boyaca</normalizedToken>
, Colombia (
<bibRefCitation id="CFB877B68B5A86977BED8E1659BCE3BC" DOI="https://doi.org/10.2307/2804799" author="Smith, AC" journalOrPublisher="Brittonia" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" pagination="393 - 510" refId="B74" refString="Smith, AC, Wodehouse, RP, 1938. The American species of Myristicaceae. Brittonia 2 (5): 393 - 510, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2804799" title="The American species of Myristicaceae." url="https://doi.org/10.2307/2804799" volume="2" year="1938">Smith and Wodehouse 1938</bibRefCitation>
). In the protologue, Smith mentions that the type is deposited in the herbarium of the Botanisches Museum, Berlin-Dahlem (B), and F, M, S, US; there are additional, duplicates at A, G, K, and MO. Because the material at B was destroyed during World War II, we designate the material deposited at Missouri Botanical Garden (MO) as lectotype for this name, according to Art. 9.11 of ICN (
<bibRefCitation id="728763CAC1C93C77C451F40096DAD221" DOI="https://doi.org/10.12705/Code.2018" author="Turland, NJ" journalOrPublisher="Phytotaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" refId="B81" refString="Turland, NJ, Wiersema, JH, Barrie, FR, Greuter, W, Hawksworth, DL, Herendeen, PS, Knapp, S, Kusber, W-H, Li, D-Z, Marhold, K, May, TW, McNeill, J, Monro, AM, Prado, J, Price, MJ, Smith, GF [Eds], 2018. International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Shenzhen Code) adopted by the Nineteenth International Botanical Congress Shenzhen, China, July 2017. Regnum Vegetabile 159. Koeltz Botanical Books, Glashuetten. https://doi.org/10.12705/Code.2018" title="International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Shenzhen Code) adopted by the Nineteenth International Botanical Congress Shenzhen, China, July 2017. Regnum Vegetabile 159. Koeltz Botanical Books, Glashuetten." url="https://doi.org/10.12705/Code.2018" year="2018">Turland et al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
). This specimen is mounted on two sheets that are properly labelled as being parts of the same specimen (i.e., &quot;Sheet 1 of 2,&quot; &quot;Sheet 2 of 2) according to ICN Art. 8.3 (
<bibRefCitation id="383E0E589A75AB539F7017E7432E0943" DOI="https://doi.org/10.12705/Code.2018" author="Turland, NJ" journalOrPublisher="Phytotaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" refId="B81" refString="Turland, NJ, Wiersema, JH, Barrie, FR, Greuter, W, Hawksworth, DL, Herendeen, PS, Knapp, S, Kusber, W-H, Li, D-Z, Marhold, K, May, TW, McNeill, J, Monro, AM, Prado, J, Price, MJ, Smith, GF [Eds], 2018. International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Shenzhen Code) adopted by the Nineteenth International Botanical Congress Shenzhen, China, July 2017. Regnum Vegetabile 159. Koeltz Botanical Books, Glashuetten. https://doi.org/10.12705/Code.2018" title="International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Shenzhen Code) adopted by the Nineteenth International Botanical Congress Shenzhen, China, July 2017. Regnum Vegetabile 159. Koeltz Botanical Books, Glashuetten." url="https://doi.org/10.12705/Code.2018" year="2018">Turland et al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
). One of these sheets shows the adaxial side of leaves and the infrutescence axes (MO-1068404; sheet 1 of 2), while the other (MO-1068405; sheet 2 of 2) includes fragments of both adaxial and abaxial leaf surfaces and a single dehiscent fruit that is attached, with six additional fruits inside the packet. This second sheet is annotated in
<normalizedToken id="A4773506BF86A5DDD9543046F0459037" originalValue="Smith’s">Smith's</normalizedToken>
handwriting. These specimens were distributed under the name of
<taxonomicName id="088728E4852233F005E7B319480446B1" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myristicaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="V. sebifera" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sebifera">
<emphasis id="D6D579DCF6F64DE1C2F7D28E0239EF95" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">V. sebifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CF89452523D77B48609E4A2C3BE14F2C" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
The name
<taxonomicName id="3A512F11A597AE3A5A468E18678B544D" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myristicaceae" genus="Virola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Virola macrocarpa" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Spermatophyta" rank="species" species="macrocarpa">
<emphasis id="F59FFF2ED108BD50DCE3A9703C626DE6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Virola macrocarpa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was applied to collections from Costa Rica and Panama that now correspond to
<taxonomicName id="494425CC0A8F63348205859AA543F4C5" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myristicaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="V. allenii" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="allenii">
<emphasis id="3C9693EC48B4631FBA86E51553316562" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">V. allenii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4415D6AEF6AF3AEC90659336BC9F6A4A" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myristicaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="V. amistadensis" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="amistadensis">
<emphasis id="7031A63952AE13225AA610D1DFAD3570" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">V. amistadensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="6E1F80D7912AC46A447E11BA53180740" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myristicaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="V. otobifolia" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="otobifolia">
<emphasis id="F59BD0A62B26E27B3A1F2D0A3760BAB8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">V. otobifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, as well some collections from Colombia and Ecuador that now correspond to
<taxonomicName id="D2B6A066341FF7400C8714FFAD850BBE" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myristicaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="V. alvaroperezii" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alvaroperezii">
<emphasis id="0EA3FFF059C3B0B0CAB37F997A8A3765" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">V. alvaroperezii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="E1A22A695EA43DCCAFF5330278BCD1F2" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myristicaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="V. calimensis" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="calimensis">
<emphasis id="88EF2AABD46573A59BDDD499D98C1D49" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">V. calimensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="D095A9D073D4C8780E903DEE2F43D37E" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myristicaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="V. cogolloi" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cogolloi">
<emphasis id="923EC9FA4EF8ACA6F8B19039D75290FA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">V. cogolloi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="319E933D383586647AB4119208BB25F7" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
It is important to mention that, following our species concept, this name has been widely used to identify specimens, and is thus frequent in the literature and specimen databases. As circumscribed here,
<taxonomicName id="F252CFEF8590AA058E4A595E0A5A1056" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myristicaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="V. macrocarpa" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macrocarpa">
<emphasis id="41A6BD5CC6D2A9FC74926F339BF507E2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">V. macrocarpa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known only from the type collection and is restricted to Colombia. We believe that the identity of following and others specimens identified as
<taxonomicName id="303E2951856104303EFD0C4664F5F91C" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myristicaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="V. macrocarpa" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macrocarpa">
<emphasis id="AECD769773DB3CA203BB8396F9AF1BD3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">V. macrocarpa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
should be evaluated when more collections are available, including:
<emphasis id="1A5D19BE86495087B16F48452FFB01A9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
D.
<normalizedToken id="EB939B1E61A77C66164F17BCF14B2C5E" originalValue="Cárdenas">Cardenas</normalizedToken>
et al. 2772
</emphasis>
(fr.; COL, MO);
<emphasis id="B880585487821E5487C82B3ABB88479C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
A. Gentry &amp; E.
<normalizedToken id="85B2955674B1B25BAC29CD15BE2615F4" originalValue="Rentería">Renteria</normalizedToken>
24055
</emphasis>
(fr.; COL, MO),
<emphasis id="E75CF52B0800F0FC9080BC18CF3248B9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
S. E.
<normalizedToken id="B0FEBEE0AC3400A48D38A0CA45281B79" originalValue="Hoyos-Gómez">Hoyos-Gomez</normalizedToken>
&amp; A. Upegui 130
</emphasis>
(fr.; COL).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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