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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.788.26282" ID-GBIF-Dataset="4878bde6-41c0-44fe-9437-1fdf5857a6ff" ID-PMC="PMC6189228" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-788-201" ID-PubMed="30337830" ID-ZBK="6F7FD9E2E936440D9CD542D6F8961D2F" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2018" ModsDocID="1313-2970-788-201" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 788" ModsDocTitle="Six new species and one new subspecies of noctuid moths from western United States of America and Mexico (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae)" checkinTime="1539050135329" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Crabo, Lars G., Hammond, Paul C., Mustelin, Tomas &amp; Wikle, David L." docDate="2018" docId="D0A8B4CA444A38E9E7FE31CE623FB566" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 788: 201-239" docOrigin="ZooKeys 788" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.788.26282" docTitle="Sympistis ferrirena Crabo, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="89FFD7D1-14EC-4897-8FFB-134A68505ED9" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="219" masterDocId="214CFFB25134FFE1FFC6F4538A421B48" masterDocTitle="Six new species and one new subspecies of noctuid moths from western United States of America and Mexico (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae)" masterLastPageNumber="239" masterPageNumber="201" pageNumber="217" updateTime="1668166263055" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Six new species and one new subspecies of noctuid moths from western United States of America and Mexico (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Crabo, Lars G.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Hammond, Paul C.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Mustelin, Tomas</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Wikle, David L.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2018</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>788</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>201</mods:start>
<mods:end>239</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
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<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.788.26282</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.788.26282</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-788-201</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZBK">6F7FD9E2E936440D9CD542D6F8961D2F</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">6F7FD9E2E936440D9CD542D6F8961D2F</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="148656999" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:89FFD7D1-14EC-4897-8FFB-134A68505ED9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D0A8B4CA444A38E9E7FE31CE623FB566" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="219" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">
<subSubSection pageId="16" pageNumber="217" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="217">
<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/89FFD7D1-14EC-4897-8FFB-134A68505ED9" authority="Crabo" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Sympistis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sympistis ferrirena" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ferrirena">Sympistis ferrirena Crabo</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="16" pageNumber="217">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Figs 25, 26, 29, 31, 48
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="16" pageNumber="217" type="type locality">
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="217">Type locality.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="217">
USA, Arizona, Cochise County,
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="31.917833">31°55.07'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-109.275665">109°16.54'W</geoCoordinate>
, 2530 m.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="16" pageNumber="217" type="type specimens">
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="217">Type specimens.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="217">
Holotype, male. [USA], Arizona, Cochise County,
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="31.917833">31°55.07'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-109.275665">109°16.54'W</geoCoordinate>
, 8300' [2530 m], 18 VIII 2009, C. D. Ferris leg. / Database # CNCLEP 00080368 / Barcodes of LIFE Project Leg removed DNA extracted. CNC. Paratypes. 2 males, 3 females. USA: Arizona: Cochise County: Same data as holotype / Database # CNCLEP 00080369 / Barcodes of LIFE Project Leg removed DNA extracted. (1 m); Graham County: Pinaleno Mountains, Grant Creek, 8,800 ft (2682 m), 12 VII 2005, B. Walsh leg., UV light trap, Mountain stream (1 f); New Mexico: [Colfax County]: Sangre de Cristo Mts., Cimarron Canyon, 7900' [2408 m], 9 VII 1962, E. &amp; I. Munroe / CNC / Genitalia slide By RS USNM 43,457 (1 m); same locality &amp; collectors, 10 VII 1962 / Genitalia slide By RS USNM 43,458; Otero County: High Rolls, Karr Canyon, 32.898°, -105.813°, 2400 m, 9 VI 2016, L. G. Crabo leg. (1 f). CNC, LGC, TM.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="16" pageNumber="217" type="differential diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="217">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="217">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Sympistis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sympistis ferrirena" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ferrirena">Sympistis ferrirena</taxonomicName>
(Figs 25, 26) resembles
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. dunbari" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" rank="species" species="dunbari">S. dunbari</taxonomicName>
(Figure 27) and
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. definita" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" rank="species" species="definita">S. definita</taxonomicName>
(Figure 28).
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Sympistis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sympistis definita" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="definita">Sympistis definita</taxonomicName>
occurs predominantly in the Great Basin and Colorado but has been collected with
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. ferrirena" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" rank="species" species="ferrirena">S. ferrirena</taxonomicName>
in Arizona.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Sympistis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sympistis dunbari" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dunbari">Sympistis dunbari</taxonomicName>
occurs west of
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. ferrirena" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" rank="species" species="ferrirena">S. ferrirena</taxonomicName>
near the West Coast.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Sympistis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sympistis ferrirena" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ferrirena">Sympistis ferrirena</taxonomicName>
is slightly larger (forewing length greater than 14 mm in
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. ferrirena" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" rank="species" species="ferrirena">S. ferrirena</taxonomicName>
, less in the other two species) and can be distinguished by its smooth thick black transverse lines and large reniform stigma with brick-red filling. The antemedial and postmedial lines of
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. ferrirena" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" rank="species" species="ferrirena">S. ferrirena</taxonomicName>
are straight or curved smoothly from the cubital vein to the posterior margin and lack an outer black component. The corresponding lines of
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. dunbari" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" rank="species" species="dunbari">S. dunbari</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. definita" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" rank="species" species="definita">S. definita</taxonomicName>
are toothed on the veins and double with two black components. The reniform stigmata of these species are smaller and contain fewer reddish scales than that of
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. ferrirena" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" rank="species" species="ferrirena">S. ferrirena</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="16" pageNumber="217">
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="217">
Figures 25-28.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Sympistis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sympistis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Sympistis</taxonomicName>
adults. 25
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. ferrirena" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" rank="species" species="ferrirena">S. ferrirena</taxonomicName>
, holotype male, USA, Arizona, Cochise County,
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="31.917833">31°55.07'N</geoCoordinate>
, -
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-109.275665">109°16.54'W</geoCoordinate>
26
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. ferrirena" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" rank="species" species="ferrirena">S. ferrirena</taxonomicName>
, female, USA, New Mexico, High Rolls, Karr Canyon 27
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. dunbari" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" rank="species" species="dunbari">S. dunbari</taxonomicName>
, female, USA, Washington, Whatcom County, W slope Chuckanut Mountain above Chuckanut Bay 28
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. definita" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" rank="species" species="definita">S. definita</taxonomicName>
, female, USA, Oregon, Harney County, Catlow Rim.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="217">
The male genitalia of
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. ferrirena" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" rank="species" species="ferrirena">S. ferrirena</taxonomicName>
(Figure 29) and
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. definita" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" rank="species" species="definita">S. definita</taxonomicName>
(Figure 30) are similar. The distal valve of
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. ferrirena" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" rank="species" species="ferrirena">S. ferrirena</taxonomicName>
tapers more than that of
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. definita" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" rank="species" species="definita">S. definita</taxonomicName>
. The sacculus of
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. ferrirena" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" rank="species" species="ferrirena">S. ferrirena</taxonomicName>
is narrower relative to valve length: 0.10
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
compared to 0.16
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
for
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. definita" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" rank="species" species="definita">S. definita</taxonomicName>
. The anterior (concave surface) cornuti on the vesica of
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. ferrirena" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" rank="species" species="ferrirena">S. ferrirena</taxonomicName>
are longer and much stouter than those of the posterior patch; this distinction is less dramatic in
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. definita" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" rank="species" species="definita">S. definita</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="217">
The female corpus bursae and appendix bursae of
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. ferrirena" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" rank="species" species="ferrirena">S. ferrirena</taxonomicName>
(Figure 31) are similar in size and shape. In
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. dunbari" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" rank="species" species="dunbari">S. dunbari</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. definita" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" rank="species" species="definita">S. definita</taxonomicName>
the appendix bursae is smaller and more curved than in
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. ferrirena" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" rank="species" species="ferrirena">S. ferrirena</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="217">
The DNA barcode of
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. ferrirena" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" rank="species" species="ferrirena">S. ferrirena</taxonomicName>
(BOLD:AAU2696; n = 3) differs from those of
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. dunbari" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" rank="species" species="dunbari">S. dunbari</taxonomicName>
(BOLD:AAE1138) and
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. definita" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" rank="species" species="definita">S. definita</taxonomicName>
(BOLD:AAE5103) by at least 4.0 %.
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="16" pageNumber="217">
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="217">
Figures 29-31.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Sympistis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sympistis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Sympistis</taxonomicName>
genitalia. 29
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. ferrirena" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" rank="species" species="ferrirena">S. ferrirena</taxonomicName>
, male a valves b phallus with everted vesica 30
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. definita" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" rank="species" species="definita">S. definita</taxonomicName>
, male a valves b phallus with everted vesica 31
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. ferrirena" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" rank="species" species="ferrirena">S. ferrirena</taxonomicName>
, female.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="219" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="217">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="219" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">
Adults. Males and females similar in size and habitus. Head. Antenna filiform, venter densely pubescent, segments with single short anterior and posterior seta, dorsal scales sparse, gray. Scape untufted, scales even length, black or white. Eye normal, adjacent scales except near palpus long, lashlike, dark gray. Labial palpus scales mixed black and gray; flat laterally, long hair-like anteriorly; third segment length 0.3
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
second segment, scales very short. Haustellum normal. Frons flat, scales short, mixed gray and off-white. Dorsal head scales narrow, bifurcate, mixed gray, white, and white tipped black; weak paramedian tufts anterior and dorsal to antenna. Thorax. Patagium scales mixed black, white, and white tipped light gray, truncate, fine toothed; dorsum appearing medium gray with black and light gray transverse stripes; tegula and dorsum scales mixed black- and white-tipped medium gray strap-like and black hair-like; appearing hoary with black-edged tegula and black weak metathoracic median tuft. Ventral thorax lighter gray, scales hairlike. Legs: Distal foretibia with claw-like seta over basitarsus; mid- and hindtibia lacking stout setae; scales spatulate, mixed gray, black, and white. Tarsal segments except distal segment with three rows of ventral spiniform setae, scales mixed black and gray, distal ring irregular, white. Wings: Forewing: Length 14.0-15.5 mm; length 2.0-2.1
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
width, apex not pointed strongly, outer margin scalloped weakly, nearly straight from apex to CuA2, then curved slightly to trailing margin; dorsal scales mixed white, medium gray, dark gray, black, and dark umber, appearing hoary; basal line black, thin except tooth distad on R, curved to end at wing base on Cu; antemedial line light gray inner, thick black outer components, gull wing shape, apex basad on Cu; medial line black, thick, blurred, angled distad from mid-costa to orbicular and reniform stigmata; postmedial line components black inner, thinner than antemedial and medial lines, pale gray outer, costal ori
<pageBreakToken pageId="17" pageNumber="218" start="start">gin</pageBreakToken>
near medial line, quadrate distad around reniform stigma, crossing posterior stigma, bent sharply caudad medial stigma to margin near medial line; postmedial line whitish gray irregular chevrons, preceded by long, thin dark, gray, intervenal wedges; terminal area diffuse black spots near costa and CuA2; terminal line black, thickest between veins; fringe scales mixed white and pale base dark gray; stigmata
<pageBreakToken pageId="18" pageNumber="219" start="start">black</pageBreakToken>
lined with pale gray; claviform stigma reduced to curved black tip; orbicular stigma oval, moderately large, filling whitish gray, center slightly darker; reniform stigma ovoid, moderately large, weakly kidney shaped, thickest medially, filling diffuse, rust red. Hindwing: Outer margin straight from Rs to bend between M3 and CuA1, thence straight to anal angle; dorsum whitish gray, slightly opalescent, margin suffused medium gray; veins, discal spot, terminal line darker gray; fringe white, base striped yellow and gray. Abdomen. Scales flat, hair-like, medium gray; no tufts. Male with hair-like coremata from rugose patch at end of sclerotized band in membrane lateral to sternite A1. Male genitalia: Tegumen widest lateral to uncus base. Uncus thin, cross-section triangular, arced, tip acute. Juxta triangular, apex notched at phallus base, height 1
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
width. Valve straplike, widest mesially, tapered slightly to both ends, length 3.6
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
width, cucullus convex, lacking
<normalizedToken originalValue="“neck,”">&quot;neck,&quot;</normalizedToken>
corona of ~ 20 claw-like setae; sacculus 0.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
length, 0.36
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
width of valve, width nearly even except slight broadening at base and dorsal notch near clasper ampulla; clasper base weak, ampulla origin at mid-valve near ventral margin, directed dorsad and 45° distad, length 0.7
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
valve width, straight, clubbed with rounded apex bearing cluster of small setae and thorn-like extension from lateral side; digitus absent. Phallus tubular, length 4.2
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
width. Vesica 0.8
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
phallus length, straight beyond basal 135° ventral bend; bearing stout apical cornutus 0.25
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
phallus length, long broad band from dorsal distal phallus to posteroventral apex of innumerable cornuti, lengthening gradually from short, spike-like at base to quill-like distally, slightly smaller patch on rostrodorsal mid- to distal vesica of fewer, ~ 40, longer, stouter cornuti in parallel rows, and an apical tuft of thinner similar-length cornuti. Female genitalia: Papilla analis blunt tipped, trapezoidal, length 1
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
basal width, covered moderately densely with fine hair-like setae, densest apically, longest basally; subapical
<normalizedToken originalValue="“corona”">&quot;corona&quot;</normalizedToken>
loose double row of uneven stout, blunt spike-like setae curved slightly away from midline, longest 6
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as wide. Segment A8 width 1.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
length, sparse very fine hair-like setae densest and longest at posterior and inferomedial margins. Posterior apophysis length 3.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
segment A8; anterior apophysis length 0.7
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
posterior apophysis. Ductus bursae length 2.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
segment A8 length; ostium bursae width 0.67
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
segment A8 width, ventral margin sclerotized lightly; posterior ⅓ ductus bursae triangular, tapered anteriorly, anterior segment membranous, tubular. Corpus bursae bisaccate, U-shaped, length 5
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
segment A8 length, main part midline, posterior ⅓ tubular with broad attachment to appendix bursae on right, anterior ovate, length 2
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
width; appendix bursae length 0.6
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
, width 1
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
corpus bursae, elongate, ovate, base perpendicular to corpus bursae, distal ⅓ bent 90° ventrad, ductus seminalis slightly proximal to posterior apex.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="18" pageNumber="219" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="219">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="219">The name is from the Latin ferrum, meaning iron, and renis, meaning kidney. It refers to the prominent rust-red filling of the reniform stigma of this moth.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="18" pageNumber="219" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="219">Distribution and ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="219">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Sympistis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sympistis ferrirena" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="219" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ferrirena">Sympistis ferrirena</taxonomicName>
occurs in Arizona and New Mexico (Figure 48). It has been collected at middle to high elevations within a limited range between 2400 and 2700 meters. The habitat is mixed forest.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="219">The flight period of adults is from June to July. Like most temperate species in the genus, it is nocturnal and comes to light. The early stages are unknown.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>