242 lines
32 KiB
XML
242 lines
32 KiB
XML
<document id="E3BEA70BFE2939D6BDC5420946835E31" ID-CLB-Dataset="27828" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4571.3.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="22b6fd5b-4dbe-4367-9a76-1bee6f5acdf6" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="2612611" ID-ZooBank="516E5988-2ED9-4DF9-8F0B-D9952A2B3EEE" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1553699361740" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Eiseman, Charles S., Lonsdale, Owen & Feldman, Tracy S." docDate="2019" docId="987D8785FFBC0611FF0EAF8A46DAD1E4" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4571.3.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4571 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Cerodontha (Butomomyza) enigma Eiseman & Lonsdale & Feldman 2019, spec. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="309" masterDocId="6444FFFDFFBB0619FF99AC334542D424" masterDocTitle="Nine new species of Agromyzidae from North Carolina, USA, with new host and distribution records for additional species" masterLastPageNumber="333" masterPageNumber="301" pageNumber="308" updateTime="1698714575989" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="DBEB2B0A8D4F970D3B9DDEFA49B96801">Nine new species of Agromyzidae from North Carolina, USA, with new host and distribution records for additional species</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="C3BBF59BCBC39C314DAD6106E8F5031A" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="4DAF2B6FC7F346C02A097B9B6FF6D56A">Eiseman, Charles S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D2A4F5FB772AF3B42E49D93B69314995">Lonsdale, Owen</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="17CF277B02DE9D14703629F02C4C17EE">Feldman, Tracy S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="BCF4CA836B0B7619A93D12BED7056320">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="115AED067E75479B369BD50AB8E06104">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="8AFEEEC695947BE3704A0EE2167C374E">4571</mods:number>
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<treatment id="987D8785FFBC0611FF0EAF8A46DAD1E4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5941527" ID-GBIF-Taxon="154508522" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5941527" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:987D8785FFBC0611FF0EAF8A46DAD1E4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/987D8785FFBC0611FF0EAF8A46DAD1E4" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="309" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">
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<paragraph id="106B3693FFBC061EFF0EAF8A47FDD7F7" blockId="7.[151,703,953,1013]" box="[151,703,953,979]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">
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<heading id="4B2381FFFFBC061EFF0EAF8A47FDD7F7" bold="true" box="[151,703,953,979]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="22A0EA81FFBC061EFF0EAF8A47FDD7F7" bold="true" box="[151,703,953,979]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">
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<taxonomicName id="D7D44D10FFBC061EFF0EAF8A4702D7F7" ID-CoL="89S2B" authority="Eiseman & Lonsdale & Feldman, 2019" authorityName="Eiseman & Lonsdale & Feldman" authorityYear="2019" box="[151,576,953,979]" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Cerodontha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Butomomyza">
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<emphasis id="22A0EA81FFBC061EFF0EAF8A4702D7F7" bold="true" box="[151,576,953,979]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Cerodontha (Butomomyza) enigma</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="399357FAFFBC061EFDDEAF8A47FDD7F7" box="[583,703,953,979]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" rank="species">spec. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="58CE6518FFBC061EFF0EAFEF44DCD7D1" box="[151,414,988,1013]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" type="description">
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<paragraph id="106B3693FFBC061EFF0EAFEF44DCD7D1" blockId="7.[151,703,953,1013]" box="[151,414,988,1013]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">
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(
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<figureCitation id="88EF2A16FFBC061EFF06AFEF445BD7D1" box="[159,281,988,1013]" captionStart="FIGURES 7–14" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1805,1828]" captionTargetBox="[179,1437,190,1785]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[151,1437,190,1797]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 7–14. FIGURES 7–8. Calycomyza chrysopsidis spec. nov.; 7: male; 8: empty puparium in opened mine. FIGURES 9–10: Cerodontha (Butomomyza) enigma spec. nov.; 9: male; 10: empty puparium. FIGURES 11–12: Cerodontha (Poemyza) arundinariella spec. nov.; 11: male; 12: larva and puparium in mine. FIGURES 13–14. Cerodontha (Poemyza) saintandrewsensis spec. nov.; 13: male; 14: empty puparium." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2612615/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Figs. 9–10</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="88EF2A16FFBC061EFEBCAFEE4401D7D1" box="[293,323,989,1013]" captionStart="FIGURES 33–40" captionStartId="22.[151,264,1820,1843]" captionTargetBox="[151,1427,193,1800]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[151,1437,193,1800]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURES 33–40. leaf mines; 33: Calycomyza chrysopsidis spec. nov. on Chrysopsis mariana, reflected light (puparium at leaf base); 34: same, transmitted light (puparium at lower right); 35: C. novascotiensis Spencer on Scutellaria integrifolia, initial serpentine portion (reflected light); 36: same, completed mine (transmitted light); 37: Cerodontha (Butomomyza) enigma spec. nov. on Dichanthelium dichotomum; 38: Cerodontha (Poemyza) arundinariella spec. nov. on Arundinaria tecta (transmitted light); 39: Cerodontha (Poemyza) saintandrewsensis spec. nov. on Arundinaria tecta; 40: Phytomyza plantaginis Robineau-Desvoidy on Plantago wrightiana (transmitted light; puparium in middle of leaf)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2612623/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">37</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="88EF2A16FFBC061EFED7AFEF44D4D7D1" box="[334,406,988,1013]" captionStart="FIGURES 68–73" captionStartId="27.[151,264,1888,1911]" captionTargetBox="[228,1418,205,1857]" captionTargetId="figure@27.[151,1436,193,1868]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURES 68–73. Cerodontha (Butomomyza) enigma spec. nov., male genitalia; 68: external genitalia, anterior; 69: external genitalia, left lateral; 70: postgonite; 71: hypandrium; 72: phallus, ventral; 73: phallus, left lateral." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2612633/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">68–73</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="58CE6518FFBC061EFF0EA81746A6D044" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="106B3693FFBC061EFF0EA81746A6D044" blockId="7.[151,1437,1060,2026]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">
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<materialsCitation id="A0BC3CCEFFBC061EFF0EA81746A6D044" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2029201856" collectingDate="2017-05-14" collectingDateMax="2017-06-04" collectingDateMin="2017-05-14" collectionCode="CSE, CNC" collectorName="T. S. Feldman" county="Durham Co." location="Pelham Road" municipality="Durham" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" specimenCode="CSE3790, CNC939826" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="North Carolina" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis id="22A0EA81FFBC061EFF0EA8174760D019" bold="true" box="[151,546,1060,1085]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">
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<typeStatus id="CF6F8831FFBC061EFF0EA8174444D019" box="[151,262,1060,1085]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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.
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<collectingRegion id="D210F871FFBC061EFE8AA817475CD019" box="[275,542,1060,1085]" country="United States of America" name="North Carolina" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">NORTH CAROLINA</collectingRegion>
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:
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</emphasis>
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<collectingCounty id="F90A4E1FFFBC061EFDB2A81747FBD019" box="[555,697,1060,1085]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Durham Co.</collectingCounty>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality id="F00FACE9FFBC061EFD5CA8174666D019" box="[709,804,1060,1085]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Durham</collectingMunicipality>
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||
,
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<location id="150B6048FFBC061EFCA9A8174688D019" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:987D8785FFBC0611FF0EAF8A46DAD1E4:150B6048FFBC061EFCA9A8174688D019" box="[816,970,1060,1085]" county="Durham Co." municipality="Durham" name="Pelham Road" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" stateProvince="North Carolina">Pelham Road</location>
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,
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<date id="646A1053FFBC061EFC4EA816410AD019" box="[983,1096,1061,1085]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" value="2017-05-14">
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<collectingDate id="742EE9BBFFBC061EFC4EA816410AD019" box="[983,1096,1061,1085]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" value="2017-05-14">14.v.2017</collectingDate>
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</date>
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, em.
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<date id="646A1053FFBC061EFB1CA81741B0D019" box="[1157,1266,1060,1085]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" value="2017-06-04">
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<collectingDate id="742EE9BBFFBC061EFB1CA81741B0D019" box="[1157,1266,1060,1085]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" value="2017-06-04">4.vi.2017</collectingDate>
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</date>
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,
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<collectorName id="BD215345FFBC061EFB67A81640DAD019" box="[1278,1432,1060,1085]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">T.S. Feldman</collectorName>
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, ex
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<taxonomicName id="D7D44D10FFBC061EFF21A87B473CD045" box="[184,638,1096,1121]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Dichanthelium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="dichotomum" subSpecies="nitidum">
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<emphasis id="22A0EA81FFBC061EFF21A87B44B2D045" box="[184,496,1096,1121]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Dichanthelium dichotomum</emphasis>
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ssp.
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<emphasis id="22A0EA81FFBC061EFDB0A87B473CD045" box="[553,638,1096,1121]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">nitidum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, #
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<specimenCode id="40729EE8FFBC061EFD02A87B464AD044" box="[667,776,1096,1120]" collectionCode="CSE" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">CSE3790</specimenCode>
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,
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<specimenCode id="40729EE8FFBC061EFC8DA87B46E3D045" box="[788,929,1096,1121]" collectionCode="CNC" country="Canada" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/y2kv-9w3k" name="Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids, and Nematodes" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">CNC939826</specimenCode>
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(
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<specimenCount id="06D2FD1AFFBC061EFC2AA87B4695D044" box="[947,983,1096,1120]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
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).
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="58CE6518FFBC061EFF5EA85F46EBD08D" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="106B3693FFBC061EFF5EA85F46EBD08D" blockId="7.[151,1437,1060,2026]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">
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<emphasis id="22A0EA81FFBC061EFF5EA85F440CD0A1" bold="true" box="[199,334,1132,1157]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Etymology.</emphasis>
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The specific epithet refers to the quandary posed by this unique specimen, which is so similar to
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<taxonomicName id="D7D44D10FFBC061EFF0EA8A344A2D08C" authority="(Loew)" baseAuthorityName="Loew" box="[151,480,1168,1193]" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Cerodontha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angulata">
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<emphasis id="22A0EA81FFBC061EFF0EA8A344C5D08D" box="[151,391,1168,1193]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Cerodontha angulata</emphasis>
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(Loew)
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</taxonomicName>
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in both leaf mine and adult morphology.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="58CE6518FFBC061EFF5EA8874647D179" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="106B3693FFBC061EFF5EA8874677D0E9" blockId="7.[151,1437,1060,2026]" box="[199,821,1204,1229]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">
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<emphasis id="22A0EA81FFBC061EFF5EA8874444D0E9" bold="true" box="[199,262,1204,1229]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Host.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="D7D44D10FFBC061EFE94A886442FD0E8" authorityName="" authorityYear="1895" box="[269,365,1205,1228]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Poaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Poaceae</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="D7D44D10FFBC061EFEEEA88747EDD0E9" box="[375,687,1204,1229]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Dichanthelium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dichotomum">
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<emphasis id="22A0EA81FFBC061EFEEEA88747EDD0E9" box="[375,687,1204,1229]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Dichanthelium dichotomum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(L.) Gould.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="106B3693FFBC061EFF5EA8EB4647D179" blockId="7.[151,1437,1060,2026]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">
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<emphasis id="22A0EA81FFBC061EFF5EA8EB4405D0D5" bold="true" box="[199,327,1240,1265]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Leaf mine.</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation id="88EF2A16FFBC061EFECCA8EB44E5D0D4" box="[341,423,1240,1265]" captionStart="FIGURES 33–40" captionStartId="22.[151,264,1820,1843]" captionTargetBox="[151,1427,193,1800]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[151,1437,193,1800]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURES 33–40. leaf mines; 33: Calycomyza chrysopsidis spec. nov. on Chrysopsis mariana, reflected light (puparium at leaf base); 34: same, transmitted light (puparium at lower right); 35: C. novascotiensis Spencer on Scutellaria integrifolia, initial serpentine portion (reflected light); 36: same, completed mine (transmitted light); 37: Cerodontha (Butomomyza) enigma spec. nov. on Dichanthelium dichotomum; 38: Cerodontha (Poemyza) arundinariella spec. nov. on Arundinaria tecta (transmitted light); 39: Cerodontha (Poemyza) saintandrewsensis spec. nov. on Arundinaria tecta; 40: Phytomyza plantaginis Robineau-Desvoidy on Plantago wrightiana (transmitted light; puparium in middle of leaf)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2612623/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Fig. 37</figureCitation>
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) The mine of the single known specimen was primarily on the upper leaf surface, where it consisted of irregular elongate branches and was mostly whitish and greenish with a few patches of reddish discoloration. A small area toward the apex of the lower leaf surface was also mined, forming an irregular whitish patch with dark frass in several small lumps and grains.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="58CE6518FFBC061EFF5EA95B46FFD1A5" box="[199,957,1384,1409]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" type="description">
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<paragraph id="106B3693FFBC061EFF5EA95B46FFD1A5" blockId="7.[151,1437,1060,2026]" box="[199,957,1384,1409]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">
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<emphasis id="22A0EA81FFBC061EFF5EA95B440AD1A5" bold="true" box="[199,328,1384,1409]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Puparium.</emphasis>
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(
|
||
<figureCitation id="88EF2A16FFBC061EFECFA95B44EAD1A4" box="[342,424,1384,1409]" captionStart="FIGURES 7–14" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1805,1828]" captionTargetBox="[179,1437,190,1785]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[151,1437,190,1797]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 7–14. FIGURES 7–8. Calycomyza chrysopsidis spec. nov.; 7: male; 8: empty puparium in opened mine. FIGURES 9–10: Cerodontha (Butomomyza) enigma spec. nov.; 9: male; 10: empty puparium. FIGURES 11–12: Cerodontha (Poemyza) arundinariella spec. nov.; 11: male; 12: larva and puparium in mine. FIGURES 13–14. Cerodontha (Poemyza) saintandrewsensis spec. nov.; 13: male; 14: empty puparium." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2612615/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
) Oval, reddish-brown; formed within the mine.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="58CE6518FFBC061EFF5EA9BF46FED21E" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="106B3693FFBC061EFF5EA9BF449ED181" blockId="7.[151,1437,1060,2026]" box="[199,476,1420,1445]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">
|
||
<emphasis id="22A0EA81FFBC061EFF5EA9BF4422D181" bold="true" box="[199,352,1420,1445]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="68C37603FFBC061EFEFEA9BE44E1D181" box="[359,419,1421,1445]" name="United States of America" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
: NC.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="106B3693FFBC061EFF5EA98346FED21E" blockId="7.[151,1437,1060,2026]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">
|
||
<emphasis id="22A0EA81FFBC061EFF5EA98344E2D1ED" bold="true" box="[199,416,1456,1481]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Adult description.</emphasis>
|
||
Wing length
|
||
<quantity id="D72C9B76FFBC061EFDA1A98347CCD1EC" box="[568,654,1456,1480]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" unit="mm" value="2.4">2.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount id="06D2FD1AFFBC061EFD06A98347F4D1EC" box="[671,694,1456,1480]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
). Female unknown. Length of ultimate section of vein M
|
||
<subScript id="8C5034D6FFBC061EFAA0A98C4003D1E9" attach="left" box="[1337,1345,1471,1485]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">4</subScript>
|
||
divided by penultimate section: 0.8.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="D210F871FFBC061EFE46A9E4475DD1CB" box="[479,543,1495,1519]" country="New Zealand" name="West Coast" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Costa</collectingRegion>
|
||
extending to M
|
||
<subScript id="8C5034D6FFBC061EFD40A9D547A3D1D0" attach="left" box="[729,737,1510,1524]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">1</subScript>
|
||
. Eye height divided by gena height: 22.0. First flagellomere small, rounded, apical margin with longer hairs. Frontal vitta minutely textured. Ocellar triangle not evident. Lunule velvety, shape typical of other
|
||
<emphasis id="22A0EA81FFBC061EFDDDAA104797D21E" box="[580,725,1571,1594]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Butomomyza</emphasis>
|
||
. Thorax subshining.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="58CE6518FFBC0611FF5EAA7645A2D7EC" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="309" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="106B3693FFBC061EFF5EAA76414FD312" blockId="7.[151,1437,1060,2026]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">
|
||
<emphasis id="22A0EA81FFBC061EFF5EAA764405D27A" box="[199,327,1605,1630]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Chaetotaxy</emphasis>
|
||
: Two ors, two ori, becoming shorter anteriorly. Orbital setulae short, numerous and closely spaced. Postvertical and ocellar setae subequal to ori. Five dorsocentral setae, fifth seta presutural, first much stronger; second seta approximately? length first seta, fifth seta approximately ½ first seta; first pair of setae widely spaced, setae pairs two to five convergent posteriorly with second pair strongly inset. Acrostichal seta subequal to anterior dorsocentral. Acrostichal setulae in approximately six to eight scattered rows. In addition to upcurved dorsomarginal setae typical of subgenus, katepisternum with additional dense cluster of upcurved setae anteroventral to base of dominant seta. Mid tibia with two posteromedial setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="106B3693FFBC061EFF5EAB7245B8D3CE" blockId="7.[151,1437,1060,2026]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">
|
||
<emphasis id="22A0EA81FFBC061EFF5EAB724400D37E" box="[199,322,1857,1882]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Coloration</emphasis>
|
||
: (
|
||
<figureCitation id="88EF2A16FFBC061EFEC5AB7244E1D37E" box="[348,419,1857,1882]" captionStart="FIGURES 7–14" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1805,1828]" captionTargetBox="[179,1437,190,1785]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[151,1437,190,1797]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 7–14. FIGURES 7–8. Calycomyza chrysopsidis spec. nov.; 7: male; 8: empty puparium in opened mine. FIGURES 9–10: Cerodontha (Butomomyza) enigma spec. nov.; 9: male; 10: empty puparium. FIGURES 11–12: Cerodontha (Poemyza) arundinariella spec. nov.; 11: male; 12: larva and puparium in mine. FIGURES 13–14. Cerodontha (Poemyza) saintandrewsensis spec. nov.; 13: male; 14: empty puparium." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2612615/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
) Setae black. Body dark brown with calypter and halter yellow; frons, lunule and gena brownish-beige with ocellar tubercle dark brown, lateral margin of orbital plate brown and posterolateral corner of frons to base of inner vertical seta dark brown; wing veins light yellow, only brown apically; apex of fore femur light yellow with spot as long as wide; fore tibia light yellowish-brown; tarsi light yellow with apical two segments browner.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="106B3693FFB30611FF5EACA445A2D7EC" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1472]" pageId="8" pageNumber="309">
|
||
<emphasis id="22A0EA81FFB30611FF5EACA44473D494" box="[199,305,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="309">Genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
: (
|
||
<figureCitation id="88EF2A16FFB30611FED3ACA44496D494" box="[330,468,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURES 68–73" captionStartId="27.[151,264,1888,1911]" captionTargetBox="[228,1418,205,1857]" captionTargetId="figure@27.[151,1436,193,1868]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURES 68–73. Cerodontha (Butomomyza) enigma spec. nov., male genitalia; 68: external genitalia, anterior; 69: external genitalia, left lateral; 70: postgonite; 71: hypandrium; 72: phallus, ventral; 73: phallus, left lateral." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2612633/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="309">Figs. 68–73</figureCitation>
|
||
) Epandrium very broad with small, rounded supra-anal process directed posteriorly. Surstylus small, fully fused to inner anteroventral margin of epandrium and not visible laterally; with irregular vertical row of six or so long tubercle-like setae. Subepandrial sclerite mostly reduced to one pair of dark, widely divided, curved ventral arms with strong outer subapical points. Hypandrium strongly arched, arms narrowest medially, with sclerotized marginal band and anteromedial line; inner lobe narrow, transverse, anterior margin irregular, several fossae present near base; arm of hypandrium basal to inner lobe strongly reduced. Pregonite narrow, darker and rounded apically. Phallophorus cylindrical, slightly elongate. Basiphallus short, not much longer than phallophorus, halves approximate on medial left-dorsal surface; left sclerite weak and ill-defined (more so apically), base slightly more ventral in position, apex wider with dorsal margin produced and irregular; right sclerite broadest medially, apex narrowed and strongly deviated, extending along right surface past base of mesophallus. Hypophallus large, trilobed and membranous with long, narrow medial tubule that is anterobasally sclerotized and extends around apex of medial lobe; right lobe with broad, weak diffuse sclerotization basally; sclerite on left lobe more well-defined, darker to base; left lateral margin past sclerite with additional faint medial and subapical sclerotizations. Paraphallus lobate, almost spherical with posteroventral sclerotized patch; left paraphallus with additional lobe that is similarly spherical and with a ventral, transverse sclerotized patch that is narrowed medially and posteriorly connected to patch on ventral lobe. Mesophallus dark, narrow, nearly as long as basiphallus, and divided into long basal stem and apical bulb; width of stem less than one fifth length, with shallow, weak distoventral carina; bulb slightly more than one third length of stem, basal margin appearing bilobed when viewed ventrally, length and height subequal, width greater by one half; space between mesophallus and distiphallus equal to length of mesophallus bulb. Distiphallus entirely divided into two long, dark tubules that are directed dorsally, slightly diverging apically, shallowly sinuous, and as long as mesophallus; apex slightly wider and straighter, shallowly bulging subapically; distal curve minutely textured dorsally. Ejaculatory apodeme not found.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="58CE6518FFB30611FF5EAFE746DAD1E4" pageId="8" pageNumber="309" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="106B3693FFB30611FF5EAFE7410FD0E1" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1472]" pageId="8" pageNumber="309">
|
||
<emphasis id="22A0EA81FFB30611FF5EAFE7440DD7C9" bold="true" box="[199,335,980,1005]" pageId="8" pageNumber="309">Comments.</emphasis>
|
||
While superficially similar in overall appearance to other
|
||
<emphasis id="22A0EA81FFB30611FB8AAFE640DED7C8" box="[1043,1436,980,1005]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="309">
|
||
Butomomyza,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D7D44D10FFB30611FB21AFE740DED7C8" authorityName="Eiseman & Lonsdale & Feldman" authorityYear="2019" box="[1208,1436,980,1005]" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Cerodontha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="enigma">Cerodontha enigma</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
differs strikingly from all related taxa in two aspects of chaetotaxy: there are five dorsocentrals, with the posterior pair widely spaced and the anterior four pairs converging posteriorly; the katepisternum has a dense cluster of long upcurved setae anterior to the base of the dominant seta. Furthermore, the gena is exceptionally narrow, and while the genitalia are similar to those of other locally occurring species, including the relatively common
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D7D44D10FFB30611FA8FA85640DED059" box="[1302,1436,1124,1149]" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Cerodontha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="22A0EA81FFB30611FA8FA85640DED059" box="[1302,1436,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="309">C. angulata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="74454B62FFB30611FF52A8BB47F1D084" author="Spencer, K. A. & Steyskal, G. C." box="[203,691,1159,1184]" pageId="8" pageNumber="309" pagination="1 - 478" refId="ref14830" refString="Spencer, K. A. & Steyskal, G. C. (1986) Manual of the Agromyzidae (Diptera) of the United States. USDA Agricultural Research Service Agriculture Handbook, 638, 1 - 478. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 119606" type="journal article" year="1986">Spencer & Steyskal (1986: Figs. 583–586))</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, there is a small supra-anal process, the left paraphallus is bilobed, the mesophallus is longer with a smaller apical lobe and the distiphallus is straighter.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="106B3693FFB30611FF5EA8E246DAD1E4" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1472]" pageId="8" pageNumber="309">
|
||
We have repeatedly reared
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D7D44D10FFB30611FD87A8FC4655D0CC" box="[542,791,1231,1256]" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Cerodontha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="22A0EA81FFB30611FD87A8FC4655D0CC" box="[542,791,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="309">Cerodontha angulata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from similar mines on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D7D44D10FFB30611FBD7A8FC41B6D0CC" baseAuthorityName="Eiseman & Lonsdale" baseAuthorityYear="2018" box="[1102,1268,1231,1256]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Dichanthelium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="8" pageNumber="309" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="22A0EA81FFB30611FBD7A8FC41B6D0CC" box="[1102,1268,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="309">Dichanthelium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
spp. in both
|
||
<collectingRegion id="D210F871FFB30611FF0EA8C7447BD129" box="[151,313,1268,1293]" country="United States of America" name="Massachusetts" pageId="8" pageNumber="309">Massachusetts</collectingRegion>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="D210F871FFB30611FEF7A8C74755D129" box="[366,535,1268,1293]" country="United States of America" name="North Carolina" pageId="8" pageNumber="309">North Carolina</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="74454B62FFB30611FDBDA8C74611D128" author="Eiseman, C. & Lonsdale, O." box="[548,851,1268,1293]" pageId="8" pageNumber="309" pagination="1 - 156" refId="ref14286" refString="Eiseman, C. S & Lonsdale, O. (2018) New state and host records for Agromyzidae (Diptera) in the United States, with the Description of thirty new species. Zootaxa, 4479 (1), 1 - 156. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4479.1.1" type="journal article" year="2018">Eiseman & Lonsdale 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In that species the mine usually begins with a dark, trumpet-shaped area along the midrib, and the larva initially mines toward the apex of the leaf. A single blackish patch of frass is deposited at the point where the larva reverses direction. CSE has also found a single presumed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D7D44D10FFB30611FA1BA90E45B9D15C" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Cerodontha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="22A0EA81FFB30611FA1BA90E45B9D15C" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="309">C. angulata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
mine that was formed entirely on the lower surface, but no individual has been observed to mine both leaf surfaces. Since the present mine description for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D7D44D10FFB30611FD29A9B64666D1B8" authorityName="Eiseman & Lonsdale & Feldman" authorityYear="2019" box="[688,804,1413,1436]" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Cerodontha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="enigma">
|
||
<emphasis id="22A0EA81FFB30611FD29A9B64666D1B8" box="[688,804,1413,1436]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="309">C. enigma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is based on a single example, additional rearings will be required to characterize this species in comparison with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D7D44D10FFB30611FC95A99B46D3D1E4" box="[780,913,1447,1472]" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Cerodontha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="22A0EA81FFB30611FC95A99B46D3D1E4" box="[780,913,1447,1472]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="309">C. angulata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |