3013 lines
197 KiB
XML
3013 lines
197 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.106.21991" ID-PMC="PMC6070582" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-106-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FF8BFFC82928FFA84734FFCB2E61E260" ID-PubMed="30072843" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1326005" ModsDocID="1314-2003-106-1" checkinTime="1532592511837" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Saerkinen, Tiina, Poczai, Peter, Barboza, Gloria E., Weerden, Gerard M. van der, Baden, Maria & Knapp, Sandra" docDate="2018" docId="379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 106: 1-223" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 106" docPubDate="2018-07-25" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.106.21991" docTitle="Solanum scabrum Mill., Gard. Dict. ed. 8, no. 6. 1768" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" id="FF8BFFC82928FFA84734FFCB2E61E260" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="FF8BFFC82928FFA84734FFCB2E61E260" masterDocTitle="A revision of the Old World Black Nightshades (Morelloid clade of Solanum L., Solanaceae)" masterLastPageNumber="223" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1668138996586" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A revision of the Old World Black Nightshades (Morelloid clade of Solanum L., Solanaceae)</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
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<mods:name type="personal">
|
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
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</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Saerkinen, Tiina</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, 20 A Inverleith Row, Edinburgh EH 3 5 LR, United Kingdom</mods:affiliation>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">tsarkinen@rbge.org.uk</mods:nameIdentifier>
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||
</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Poczai, Peter</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Botany Unit, Finnish Museum of Natural History, University of Helsinki, P. O. Box 7, FI- 00014 Helsinki, Finland</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Barboza, Gloria E.</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biologia Vegetal (CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Cordoba), Casilla de Correo 495, 5000 Cordoba, Argentina</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
|
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Weerden, Gerard M. van der</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Experimental Garden, Radboud University, Faculty of Science Box 49, P. O. Box 9010, 6500 Nijmegen, The Netherlands</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
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||
<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Baden, Maria</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Max-Planck Odense Center on the Biodemography of Aging and Department of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, DK- 5230 Odense M, Denmark</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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||
<mods:namePart>Knapp, Sandra</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 5 BD, United Kingdom</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">s.knapp@nhm.ac.uk</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
|
||
<mods:date>2018</mods:date>
|
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2018-07-25</mods:number>
|
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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||
<mods:number>106</mods:number>
|
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>223</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.106.21991</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.106.21991</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-106-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">FF8BFFC82928FFA84734FFCB2E61E260</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">1326005</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="146692539" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
|
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
15.
|
||
<taxonomicName LSID="379182F3-66CC-C2B0-BB75-9F19B2C3F948" authority="Mill., Gard. Dict. ed. 8, no. 6. 1768" authorityName="Mill., Gard. Dict. ed. 8, no. 6." authorityYear="1768" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum scabrum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scabrum">Solanum scabrum Mill., Gard. Dict. ed. 8, no. 6. 1768</taxonomicName>
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 46" captionStartId="F46" captionText="Figure 46. Solanum scabrum A Habit of wild form B Flower of wild form C Infructescence of wild form D Habit of cultivated form E Inflorescence of cultivated form F Fruit of cultivated form G Seed (A-C Pilz 2108; D-G Nee 16088). Scale bar: 4 cm (A, D), 3.3 mm (B), 1.5 cm (C, F), 7 mm (E) and 2 mm (G). Drawing by L. Smith." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.106.21991.figure46" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/218750" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figures 46</figureCitation>
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 47" captionStartId="F47" captionText="Figure 47. Solanum scabrum A Common habit B Habit in taller varieties C Flowers of the larger berried variety at full anthesis D Fruits of a larger berried variety E Flowers of the smaller berried variety at full anthesis F Fruits of a smaller berried variety (A Nijmegen acc. BG 13; B Nijmegen acc. A 34750072; C Nijmegen acc. GB 22; D Nijmegen acc. H 065; E Nijmegen acc. A 34750067; F Nijmegen acc. 2010 / 3). Photos by S. Knapp." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.106.21991.figure47" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/218751" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 47</figureCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum nigrum subsp. var. var. guineense" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="nigrum" subSpecies="var." variety="guineense">Solanum nigrum L. var. guineense</taxonomicName>
|
||
L., Sp. Pl. 186. 1753.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum scabrum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scabrum">Solanum scabrum</taxonomicName>
|
||
Type. "Solanum guineense fructu magno instar cerasi nigerrimo umbellato" cultivated in England, at James
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Sherard’s">Sherard's</normalizedToken>
|
||
garden in Eltham (Hortus Elthamensis) (lectotype, designated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1979.tb02194.x" author="Edmonds, JM" journalOrPublisher="Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="213 - 233" refId="B107" refString="Edmonds, JM, 1979b. Nomenclatural notes on some species of Solanum L. found in Europe. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 78 (3): 213 - 233, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1979.tb02194.x" title="Nomenclatural notes on some species of Solanum L. found in Europe." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1979.tb02194.x" volume="78" year="1979 b">Edmonds 1979b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, pg. 224: Dillenius, Hort. Eltham. 2: 366, t. 274, f. 354. 1732).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum guineense" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="guineense">Solanum guineense</taxonomicName>
|
||
(L.) Mill., Gard. Dict., ed. 8, no. 7. 1768, nom. illeg., not
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum guineense" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="guineense">Solanum guineense</taxonomicName>
|
||
L. (1753)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum scabrum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scabrum">Solanum scabrum</taxonomicName>
|
||
Type. Based on
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum nigrum subsp. var. var. guineense" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="nigrum" subSpecies="var." variety="guineense">Solanum nigrum L. var. guineense</taxonomicName>
|
||
L.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum melanocerasum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="melanocerasum">Solanum melanocerasum</taxonomicName>
|
||
All., Auct. Syn. Meth. Stirp. Hort. Regii Taur. 664. 1774.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum scabrum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scabrum">Solanum scabrum</taxonomicName>
|
||
Type. "Solanum guineense, fructo magno, instar cerasi nigerrimo, umbellato" cultivated in England at John
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Sherard’s">Sherard's</normalizedToken>
|
||
garden in Eltham (Hortus Elthamensis),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Herb. Dillenius 336</emphasis>
|
||
(neotype, designated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Edmonds, JM" editor="Beentje, H" journalOrPublisher="Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="105 - 125" refId="B118" refString="Edmonds, JM, 2012. Solanum spp. In: Beentje, H, Ed., Flora of Tropical East Africa Solanaceae. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew: 105 - 125" title="Solanum spp." volumeTitle="Flora of Tropical East Africa Solanaceae." year="2012">Edmonds 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, pg. 129 [as lectotype]: OXF [Dill. HE-274-234]).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum guineense" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="guineense">Solanum guineense</taxonomicName>
|
||
(L.) Lam. Tabl. Encycl. 2: 18. 1794, nom. illeg., not
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum guineense" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="guineense">Solanum guineense</taxonomicName>
|
||
L. (1753),
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum guineense" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="guineense">Solanum guineense</taxonomicName>
|
||
(L.) Mill. (1768)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum scabrum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scabrum">Solanum scabrum</taxonomicName>
|
||
Type. Based on
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum nigrum subsp. var. var. guineense" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="nigrum" subSpecies="var." variety="guineense">Solanum nigrum L. var. guineense</taxonomicName>
|
||
L.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum triangulare" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="triangulare">Solanum triangulare</taxonomicName>
|
||
Lam., Tabl. Encycl. 2: 18. 1794.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum scabrum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scabrum">Solanum scabrum</taxonomicName>
|
||
Type. "Ex Ind. Orient",
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Herb. Lamarck s.n.</emphasis>
|
||
(lectotype, designated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="D'Arcy, WG" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="573 - 780" refId="B71" refString="D'Arcy, WG, 1974a. ["1973"]) Solanaceae, Flora of Panama. Part 9. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 60: 573 - 780" title="[" 1973 "]) Solanaceae, Flora of Panama. Part 9." volume="60" year="1974 a">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="D’Arcy">D'Arcy</normalizedToken>
|
||
1974a
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, pg 735 [as type]: P-LAM [P00357626]).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum quadrangulare subsp. var. var. triangulare" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="quadrangulare" subSpecies="var." variety="triangulare">Solanum quadrangulare Lam. var. triangulare</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Lam) Pers., Sys. 225. 1805.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum scabrum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scabrum">Solanum scabrum</taxonomicName>
|
||
Type. Based on
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum triangulare" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="triangulare">Solanum triangulare</taxonomicName>
|
||
Lam.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum melanocerasum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="melanocerasum">Solanum melanocerasum</taxonomicName>
|
||
Willd., Enum. Pl. (Willdenow) 1: 237. 1809, nom. illeg., not
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum melanocerasum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="melanocerasum">Solanum melanocerasum</taxonomicName>
|
||
All. (1773)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum scabrum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scabrum">Solanum scabrum</taxonomicName>
|
||
Type. Cultivated in Berlin Botanical Garden, from "Europa australi" [southern Europe] (no original material labelled as
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="“melanocerasum”">"melanocerasum"</normalizedToken>
|
||
found in B-W; neotype, designated here: B-W [BW04368010]).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dunal" authorityYear="1813" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum pterocaulum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pterocaulum">Solanum pterocaulum</taxonomicName>
|
||
Dunal, Hist. Nat.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Solanum</taxonomicName>
|
||
153. 1813, nom. illeg. superfl.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum scabrum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scabrum">Solanum scabrum</taxonomicName>
|
||
Type. Based on
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum scabrum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scabrum">Solanum scabrum</taxonomicName>
|
||
Mill. (cited in synonymy).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dun. ex Poir" authorityYear="1814" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum fistulosum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fistulosum">Solanum fistulosum</taxonomicName>
|
||
Dunal, Encycl. [J. Lamarck & al.] Suppl. 3: 749. 1814.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum scabrum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scabrum">Solanum scabrum</taxonomicName>
|
||
Type. "Originaire de
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="l’Isle">l'Isle</normalizedToken>
|
||
de France [Mauritius], est
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="cultivée">cultivee</normalizedToken>
|
||
en Amerique [Brazil]",
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Herb. Richard s.n.</emphasis>
|
||
(lectotype, designated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="D'Arcy, WG" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="573 - 780" refId="B71" refString="D'Arcy, WG, 1974a. ["1973"]) Solanaceae, Flora of Panama. Part 9. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 60: 573 - 780" title="[" 1973 "]) Solanaceae, Flora of Panama. Part 9." volume="60" year="1974 a">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="D’Arcy">D'Arcy</normalizedToken>
|
||
1974a
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, pg. 735: P [P00335259]).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum memphiticum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="memphiticum">Solanum memphiticum</taxonomicName>
|
||
Mart., Pl. Hort. Erlang. 63. 1814, nom. illeg., not
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum memphiticum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="memphiticum">Solanum memphiticum</taxonomicName>
|
||
J.F.Gmel. (1791)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum scabrum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scabrum">Solanum scabrum</taxonomicName>
|
||
Type. Cultivated in Erlangen, Bavaria, Germany, origins not known (no specimens cited; no original material located, possibly at ER?).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum nigrum subsp. var. var. melanocerasum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="nigrum" subSpecies="var." variety="melanocerasum">Solanum nigrum L. var. melanocerasum</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Willd.) Dunal, Solan. Syn. 12. 1816.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum scabrum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scabrum">Solanum scabrum</taxonomicName>
|
||
Type. Based on
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum melanocerasum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="melanocerasum">Solanum melanocerasum</taxonomicName>
|
||
Willd.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum nitens" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nitens">Solanum nitens</taxonomicName>
|
||
Opiz, Oekon.-techn. Fl.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Böhm">Boehm</normalizedToken>
|
||
. [Berchtold & al.] 3(2): XXI. 1843.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum scabrum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scabrum">Solanum scabrum</taxonomicName>
|
||
Type. Czech Republic. Prague, "in Semubackern por dem Reuthore Prag",
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P.M. Opiz 10/840</emphasis>
|
||
(no herbaria cited; no original material found, perhaps at PR?).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dunal" authorityYear="1852" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum oleraceum subsp. var. var. macrocarpum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="oleraceum" subSpecies="var." variety="macrocarpum">Solanum oleraceum Dunal var. macrocarpum</taxonomicName>
|
||
Dunal, Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 13(1): 50. 1852.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum scabrum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scabrum">Solanum scabrum</taxonomicName>
|
||
Type. Brazil. Bahia: Ilheus, 1841,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C.F.P. Martius 1255</emphasis>
|
||
(lectotype, designated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.2307/4117874" author="Edmonds, JM" journalOrPublisher="Kew Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="95 - 114" refId="B103" refString="Edmonds, JM, 1972. A synopsis of the taxonomy of Solanum sect. Solanum (Maurella) in South America. Kew Bulletin 27 (1): 95 - 114, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/4117874" title="A synopsis of the taxonomy of Solanum sect. Solanum (Maurella) in South America." url="https://doi.org/10.2307/4117874" volume="27" year="1972">Edmonds 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, pg. 108 [as holotype]: G-DC [G00144295]; isolectotype: P [P00366815]).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum tinctorium" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tinctorium">Solanum tinctorium</taxonomicName>
|
||
Welw., Apont. 590. 1859 [1858].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum scabrum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scabrum">Solanum scabrum</taxonomicName>
|
||
Type. Angola. Golungo Alto, 1856,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F.M.J. Welwitsch 6103</emphasis>
|
||
(lectotype, designated here: BM [BM000942995]; isolectotypes: BM [BM000942996], K [K001029777]).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum nigrum subsp. var. var. pterocaulum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="nigrum" subSpecies="var." variety="pterocaulum">Solanum nigrum L. var. pterocaulum</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Dunal) Schur, Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 478. 1866, as '
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum pterocaulon" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pterocaulon">Solanum pterocaulon</taxonomicName>
|
||
'.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum scabrum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scabrum">Solanum scabrum</taxonomicName>
|
||
Type. Based on
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. pterocaulum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="pterocaulum">S. pterocaulum</taxonomicName>
|
||
Dunal ["excl. German floras"]
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Thell" authorityYear="1927" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum boerhaavii" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="boerhaavii">Solanum boerhaavii</taxonomicName>
|
||
Thell., Rep. Bot. Soc.& Exchange Club Brit. Isles 8: 187. 1927, as "
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Trel" authorityYear="1902" baseAuthorityName="Baker" family="Solanaceae" genus="Boerhaavii" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Boerhaavii" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="genus">Boerhaavii</taxonomicName>
|
||
".
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum scabrum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scabrum">Solanum scabrum</taxonomicName>
|
||
Type. Based on
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum nigrum subsp. var. var. guineense" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="nigrum" subSpecies="var." variety="guineense">Solanum nigrum L. var. guineense</taxonomicName>
|
||
L. [as replacement name for
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum guineense" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="guineense">Solanum guineense</taxonomicName>
|
||
(L.) Mill.]
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum nigrum subsp. var. var. pterocaulum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="nigrum" subSpecies="var." variety="pterocaulum">Solanum nigrum L. var. pterocaulum</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Dunal) Domin, Biblioth. Bot. 89: 1127. 1928.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum scabrum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scabrum">Solanum scabrum</taxonomicName>
|
||
Type. Based on
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. pterocaulum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="pterocaulum">S. pterocaulum</taxonomicName>
|
||
Dunal
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Soria" authorityYear="1959" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum intrusum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="intrusum">Solanum intrusum</taxonomicName>
|
||
Soria, Baileya 7: 33. 1959.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum scabrum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scabrum">Solanum scabrum</taxonomicName>
|
||
Type. Based on (replacement name for)
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum nigrum subsp. var. var. guineense" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="nigrum" subSpecies="var." variety="guineense">Solanum nigrum L. var. guineense</taxonomicName>
|
||
L., and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum guineense" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="guineense">Solanum guineense</taxonomicName>
|
||
(L.) Lam.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Olet" authorityYear="2004" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum scabrum subsp. laevis" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="scabrum" subSpecies="laevis">Solanum scabrum Mill. subsp. laevis</taxonomicName>
|
||
Olet, Novon 16(4): 510. 2006.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum scabrum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scabrum">Solanum scabrum</taxonomicName>
|
||
Type. Uganda. Buganda: Kampala district, Kawempe div., Kawempe North, Kalerwe, Tula road, 1220 m, 14 Feb 2001,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E.A. Olet 88</emphasis>
|
||
(holotype: MHU; isotypes: H, K, MO [ex descr.]).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<typeStatus>Type</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2018-01-01" collectingDateMax="2018-12-31" collectingDateMin="2018-01-01" location="Cultivated in Chelsea Physic Garden" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="lectotype">
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:85C0AD8E921767E2462E5E24E896D89D" name="Cultivated in Chelsea Physic Garden">Cultivated in Chelsea Physic Garden</location>
|
||
, said in protologue to "grow naturally in North America",
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Herb. Miller s.n.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus>lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, designated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Henderson, RJF" journalOrPublisher="Contributions from the Queensland Herbarium" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 78" refId="B168" refString="Henderson, RJF, 1974. Solanum nigrum L. (Solanaceae) and related species in Australia. Contributions from the Queensland Herbarium 16: 1 - 78" title="Solanum nigrum L. (Solanaceae) and related species in Australia." volume="16" year="1974">Henderson 1974</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, pg. 61 [as type]: BM [BM000847083])
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Annual or short-lived erect or ascending perennial herbs to 1.5 m tall, often woody at the base. Stems spreading, terete, ridged or winged, green to purple, if ridged or winged the stems later spinescent, older stems with or without prominent pseudospines, usually somewhat hollow; new growth puberulent with simple, spreading, uniseriate, translucent, eglandular trichomes, these 2-8-celled, 0.3-0.8 mm long; older stems glabrescent. Sympodial units difoliate, the leaves usually not geminate, but if leaves paired, then one is usually smaller. Leaves simple, 4-15(-20) cm long, 3-10(-16) cm wide, broadly ovate to elliptic, very variable in size depending on cultivars and growth conditions, membranous to somewhat fleshy, green to dark green to somewhat purple coloured above, slightly paler below, without smell; adaxial and abaxial surfaces glabrous or sparsely pubescent with simple uniseriate trichomes like those on the stem mainly along veins and scattered along lamina; major veins 3-6(-8) pairs, paler green or often purple tinged; base abruptly acute or truncate, narrowly winged on to the petiole; margins entire or rarely shallowly sinuate; apex rounded to acute; petioles 1-5(-8) cm long, glabrous or sparsely pubescent with simple uniseriate trichomes like those of the stem. Inflorescences 1-2(-4) cm long, internodal, simple, furcate or many times branched (in cultivars), sub-umbelliform, with 4-10(-30+) flowers clustered towards the tip(s) of the rhachis, glabrous or sparsely pubescent with simple uniseriate trichomes like those on the stem; peduncle 1-5(-8) cm long, erect and thick, much thickened at apex, subwoody; pedicels 0.4-1 cm long, 0.3-0.5 mm in diameter at the base, 0.75-0.9 mm in diameter at the apex, abruptly expanding to the calyx tube, stout, erect and/or spreading, articulated at the base; pedicel scars tightly clustered near the tip of the rhachis, spaced 0-2 mm apart, sometimes with short stumps ca. 0.5-1.0 mm long. Buds globose to subglobose, the corolla exserted 1/2-1/3 from the calyx tube before anthesis. Flowers 5-merous or occasionally fasciated and 6-7-merous in cultivars, all perfect. Calyx tube 0.9-1.1 mm long, abruptly cup-shaped with a broad base, the lobes slightly unequal, 0.9-1.5 mm long, 0.8-1.4 mm wide, broadly deltate with a rounded tip, green or purple-tinged, glabrous or sparsely pubescent with simple uniseriate trichomes like those of the pedicels, the margins often drying scarious and white. Corolla 7-12 mm in diameter, white, purple-tinged or occasionally lilac to dark purple, with a yellow basal star, stellate, lobed ca. 1/2 way to the base, the lobes 2.5-4 mm long, 1.5-3 mm wide, spreading or reflexed, densely papillate on tips and margins. Stamens equal; filament tube very short, to 0.1 mm long; free portion of the filaments 0.5-0.8 mm long, glabrous or pubescent with tangled uniseriate simple trichomes; anthers 2-3 mm long, ellipsoid or slightly tapering towards the tips, yellow, orange or brown, poricidal at the tips, the pores lengthening to slits with age and drying, the connective often becoming brownish-black in dry specimens. Ovary rounded, glabrous; style 2.5-5 mm long, densely pubescent with simple uniseriate trichomes 0.2-0.5 mm long in the basal 1/2 where included in the anther cone, exserted beyond anthers 0-1.5 mm; stigma capitate, the surface minutely papillate. Fruit a globose to depressed-globose berry, 10-20 mm in diameter, purplish-black at maturity, the pericarp thick, shiny or somewhat matte, not transparent; fruiting pedicels 0.7-1.5(-2.0) cm long, 0.5-1 mm in diameter at the base, 1.1-1.5 mm in diameter at the apex, stout, erect and spreading, purple or brown, usually not falling with the fruit, remaining on the plant and often persistent on older inflorescences; fruiting calyx not accrescent, the tube 1.5-2 mm long, usually tearing unevenly, the lobes 2-3 mm long, usually with thicker white margins in dry material, appressed or spreading to slightly reflexed. Seeds (20-)100-150 per berry, 2-2.8 mm long, 1.5-1.8 mm wide, flattened and tear-drop shaped with a subapical hilum, yellow-brown or purple, the surfaces minutely pitted, thin and the embryo clearly visible, the testal cells rectangular to pentagonal in outline. Stone cells absent. Chromosome number:
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2n</emphasis>
|
||
=6x=72 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02862165" author="Soria, J" journalOrPublisher="Economic Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="245 - 255" refId="B343" refString="Soria, J, Heiser, CB, 1961. A statistical study of relationships of certain species of the Solanum nigrum complex. Economic Botany 15 (3): 245 - 255, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02862165" title="A statistical study of relationships of certain species of the Solanum nigrum complex." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02862165" volume="15" year="1961">Soria and Heiser 1961</bibRefCitation>
|
||
[as
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. melanocerasum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="melanocerasum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. melanocerasum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
];
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1086/282392" author="Heiser, CB Jr" journalOrPublisher="American Naturalist" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="471 - 488" refId="B167" refString="Heiser, CB Jr, Soria, J, Burton, DL, 1965. A numerical taxonomic study of Solanum species and hybrids. American Naturalist 99 (909): 471 - 488, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1086/282392" title="A numerical taxonomic study of Solanum species and hybrids." url="https://doi.org/10.1086/282392" volume="99" year="1965">Heiser et al. 1965</bibRefCitation>
|
||
[as
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. melanocerasum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="melanocerasum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. melanocerasum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
];
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Henderson, RJF" journalOrPublisher="Contributions from the Queensland Herbarium" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 78" refId="B168" refString="Henderson, RJF, 1974. Solanum nigrum L. (Solanaceae) and related species in Australia. Contributions from the Queensland Herbarium 16: 1 - 78" title="Solanum nigrum L. (Solanaceae) and related species in Australia." volume="16" year="1974">Henderson 1974</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1977.tb01482.x" author="Edmonds, JM" journalOrPublisher="Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="141 - 178" refId="B104" refString="Edmonds, JM, 1977. Taxonomic studies on Solanum L. section Solanum (Maurella). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 75 (2): 141 - 178, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1977.tb01482.x" title="Taxonomic studies on Solanum L. section Solanum (Maurella)." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1977.tb01482.x" volume="75" year="1977">Edmonds 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1983.tb00992.x" author="Edmonds, JM" journalOrPublisher="Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="229 - 246" refId="B110" refString="Edmonds, JM, 1983. Seed coat structure and development in Solanum L. section Solanum (Solanaceae). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 87 (3): 229 - 246, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1983.tb00992.x" title="Seed coat structure and development in Solanum L. section Solanum (Solanaceae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1983.tb00992.x" volume="87" year="1983">1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Symon, DE" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Adelaide Botanic Gardens" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 367" refId="B364" refString="Symon, DE, 1981. A revision of the genus Solanum in Australia. Journal of the Adelaide Botanic Gardens 4: 1 - 367" title="A revision of the genus Solanum in Australia." volume="4" year="1981">Symon 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-005-9078-z" author="Jacoby, A" journalOrPublisher="Euphytica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="303 - 307" refId="B177" refString="Jacoby, A, Labuschagne, MT, 2006. Hybridization studies of five species of the Solanum nigrum complex found in South Africa and two cocktail tomato cultivars. Euphytica 149 (3): 303 - 307, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-005-9078-z" title="Hybridization studies of five species of the Solanum nigrum complex found in South Africa and two cocktail tomato cultivars." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-005-9078-z" volume="149" year="2006">Jacoby and Labuschagne 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Bukenya, ZR" editor="Van der Maesen, LJG" journalOrPublisher="Kluwer Academic Publishers, The Netherlands" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="33 - 37" refId="B47" refString="Bukenya, ZR, 1996. Uses, chromosome number and distribution of Solanum species in Uganda. In: Van der Maesen, LJG, van Medenbach de Rooy, JM, Eds., The Biodiversity of African Plants. Kluwer Academic Publishers, The Netherlands: 33 - 37" title="Uses, chromosome number and distribution of Solanum species in Uganda." volumeTitle="The Biodiversity of African Plants." year="1996">Bukenya 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/njb.00592" author="Olet, EA" journalOrPublisher="Nordic Journal of Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="472 - 483" refId="B273" refString="Olet, EA, Lye, KA, Stedje, B, 2015. Crossing relationships and chromosome numbers of Solanum section Solanum in Uganda. Nordic Journal of Botany 33 (4): 472 - 483, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/njb.00592" title="Crossing relationships and chromosome numbers of Solanum section Solanum in Uganda." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/njb.00592" volume="33" year="2015">Olet et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="1326111" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.106.21991.figure46" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/218750" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 46" startId="F46">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 46.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum scabrum" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scabrum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum scabrum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||
Habit of wild form
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||
Flower of wild form
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||
Infructescence of wild form
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||
Habit of cultivated form
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||
Inflorescence of cultivated form
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
||
Fruit of cultivated form
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
|
||
Seed (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A-C</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pilz 2108</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D-G</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nee 16088</emphasis>
|
||
). Scale bar: 4 cm (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A, D</emphasis>
|
||
), 3.3 mm (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||
), 1.5 cm (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C, F</emphasis>
|
||
), 7 mm (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||
) and 2 mm (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
|
||
). Drawing by L. Smith.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="1326113" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.106.21991.figure47" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/218751" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 47" startId="F47">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 47.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum scabrum" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scabrum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum scabrum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||
Common habit
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||
Habit in taller varieties
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||
Flowers of the larger berried variety at full anthesis
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||
Fruits of a larger berried variety
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||
Flowers of the smaller berried variety at full anthesis
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
||
Fruits of a smaller berried variety (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||
Nijmegen acc. BG13;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||
Nijmegen acc. A34750072;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||
Nijmegen acc. GB22;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||
Nijmegen acc. H065;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||
Nijmegen acc. A34750067;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
||
Nijmegen acc. 2010/3). Photos by S. Knapp.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
(Figure
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 48" captionStartId="F48" captionText="Figure 48. Distribution of Solanum scabrum in its native range." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.106.21991.figure48" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/218752" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">48</figureCitation>
|
||
). Native to tropical Africa, but introduced worldwide as a cultivated plant.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="1326115" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.106.21991.figure48" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/218752" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 48" startId="F48">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 48.</emphasis>
|
||
Distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum scabrum" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scabrum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum scabrum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in its native range.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="ecology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ecology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Grows in open areas, in a wide variety of habitats, in wet forests or drier areas, along roads and at field edges; often cultivated; between sea level and 2,300 m elevation.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="common names">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Common names.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Benin: odu, ogomo, feibii (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Essou, J-P" editor="Akoegninou, A" journalOrPublisher="Universited'Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="947 - 958" refId="B125" refString="Essou, J-P, Hermans, MJW, 2006. Solanaceae. In: Akoegninou, A, van der Burg, WJ, van der Maesen, LJG, Eds., Flore analytique du Benin. Universited'Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou: 947 - 958" title="Solanaceae." volumeTitle="Flore analytique du Benin." year="2006">Essou and Hermans 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); Cameroon: houlohada, legume vert, njebanyoon, ossan, tindar noon, wikitiniho, zom/zoum; China: mu long kui (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Zhang, ZY" editor="Wu, ZY" journalOrPublisher="17. Science Press Beijing and Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="300 - 332" refId="B411" refString="Zhang, ZY, Lu, AM, D'Arcy, WG, 1994. Solanaceae. In: Wu, ZY, Raven, PH, Eds., Flora of China, Vol. 17. Science Press Beijing and Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis: 300 - 332" title="Solanaceae." volumeTitle="Flora of China, Vol." year="1994">Zhang et al. 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
);
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Côte">Cote</normalizedToken>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Ivoire">d'Ivoire</normalizedToken>
|
||
: foue; Equatorial Guinea: hierba mora,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="nahú">nahu</normalizedToken>
|
||
, seba [Bubi people], sisa; Ghana: nsusua; Madagascar: anamamy, brede; Nigeria: awa ibo, gautan kaji, kumbi, odu, ogunmo, ugumakbe;
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
|
||
Tome e Principe: losua; Sierra Leone: a-kempa,borisuguli, filami, kemba, kembei, kholekoleden-na, magboli, reinpa, timbainyi; Slovenia:
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="čučoried">cucoried</normalizedToken>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="kovitý">kovity</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Bertova, L" journalOrPublisher="Plant Genetic Resources Newsletter (Rome, Italy)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B20" refString="Bertova, L, GoliaSova, K, 1993. Flora Slovenska V/1. VEDA, vydavatel'stvo Slovenskej akademie vied, Bratislava." title="Flora Slovenska V / 1. VEDA, vydavatel'stvo Slovenskej akademie vied, Bratislava." year="1993">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bertová">Bertova</normalizedToken>
|
||
and
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Goliašová">Goliasova</normalizedToken>
|
||
1993
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); South Africa: nastagal; South Sudan. nzuobire; Tanzania: isonga (Kinyakyusa language); Uganda: eshwiga, eshwiga enzungu, kujikuji, nswiga ya kizungu; United Kingdom: garden huckleberry (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Stace, C" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B351" refString="Stace, C, 2010. New flora of the British Isles (3rd edn). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge." title="New flora of the British Isles (3 rd edn). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge." year="2010">Stace 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="uses">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Uses.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Leaves used as greens (spinach) and cooked, sold in markets; berries used as ink; in Benin, the powdered leaves are used to cure dysentery (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Essou, J-P" editor="Akoegninou, A" journalOrPublisher="Universited'Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="947 - 958" refId="B125" refString="Essou, J-P, Hermans, MJW, 2006. Solanaceae. In: Akoegninou, A, van der Burg, WJ, van der Maesen, LJG, Eds., Flore analytique du Benin. Universited'Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou: 947 - 958" title="Solanaceae." volumeTitle="Flore analytique du Benin." year="2006">Essou and Hermans 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="preliminary conservation status">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Preliminary conservation status</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="IUCN" journalOrPublisher="Euphytica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" publicationUrl="http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" refId="B176" refString="IUCN, 2016. Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 12. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Subcommittee. http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" title="Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 12. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Subcommittee." url="http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" year="2016">IUCN 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum scabrum" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scabrum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum scabrum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is widespread across Africa and an important leafy vegetable in cultivation; it can be assigned a preliminary status of LC (Least Concern; Table
|
||
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 7" captionStartId="T7" captionText="Table 7. Preliminary conservation assessments for the Old World members of the Morelloid clade. For details, see Materials and Methods and individual species treatments. Preliminary assessments are based on EOO (Extent of Occurrence) only (see Materials and Methods) and have been calculated for worldwide ranges for each species. The conservation status of species known to be introduced in the Old World has been assessed considering native range only and is discussed under each species treatments." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/2FA7BDE3ED0CDC21CAEAEE383BFAB558" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableUuid="2FA7BDE3ED0CDC21CAEAEE383BFAB558">7</tableCitation>
|
||
), but it may become important to conserve local populations in order to preserve genetic variation for plant breeding.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum scabrum" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scabrum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum scabrum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is the most commonly cultivated and widespread of the African black nightshades. It is the most important indigenous leafy vegetable in the black nightshade group and is commonly known as the African nightshade (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Edmonds, JM" journalOrPublisher="Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B119" refString="Edmonds, JM, Chweya, JA, 1997. Black nightshades. Solanum nigrum L. and related species. Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research Gatersleben/ International Plant Genetic Resources Institute, Rome." title="Black nightshades. Solanum nigrum L. and related species. Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research Gatersleben / International Plant Genetic Resources Institute, Rome." year="1997">Edmonds and Chweya 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.17660/eJHS.2016/81.2.3" author="Dinssa, FF" journalOrPublisher="European Journal of Horticultural Science" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="91 - 105" refId="B88" refString="Dinssa, FF, Hanson, P, Dubois, T, Tenkouano, A, Stoilova, T, Hughes, JA, Keatinge, JDH, 2016. AVDRC - the World Vegetable Center's women-oriented improvement and development strategy for traditional African vegetables in sub-Saharan Africa. European Journal of Horticultural Science 81 (2): 91 - 105, DOI: https://doi.org/10.17660/eJHS.2016/81.2.3" title="AVDRC - the World Vegetable Center's women-oriented improvement and development strategy for traditional African vegetables in sub-Saharan Africa." url="https://doi.org/10.17660/eJHS.2016/81.2.3" volume="81" year="2016">Dinssa et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum scabrum" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scabrum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum scabrum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
shows great variation in growth form, leaf shape and size and berry number, in part due to the significant local variation introduced by human selection in cultivated populations.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
The species has also been introduced to Europe, North America, Australia and New Zealand. In the United States of America,
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. scabrum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="scabrum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. scabrum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is known as "Garden Huckleberry" and its identity, origin and suitability to human consumption were the subject of great interest in the 1960s (as
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. guineense" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="guineense">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. guineense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, e.g.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Soria, J" journalOrPublisher="Baileya" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="33 - 35" refId="B342" refString="Soria, J, Heiser, CB, 1959. The Garden Huckleberry and the Sunberry. Baileya 7: 33 - 35" title="The Garden Huckleberry and the Sunberry." volume="7" year="1959">Soria and Heiser 1959</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02862165" author="Soria, J" journalOrPublisher="Economic Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="245 - 255" refId="B343" refString="Soria, J, Heiser, CB, 1961. A statistical study of relationships of certain species of the Solanum nigrum complex. Economic Botany 15 (3): 245 - 255, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02862165" title="A statistical study of relationships of certain species of the Solanum nigrum complex." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02862165" volume="15" year="1961">1961</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Heiser, CB" journalOrPublisher="Ciencia y Naturaleza" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B165" refString="Heiser, CB, 1969. Nightshades, the paradoxical plants. WH Freeman and Co, San Francisco." title="Nightshades, the paradoxical plants. WH Freeman and Co, San Francisco." year="1969">Heiser 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Different cultivars are recognised, the late flowering plants cultivated for their larger abundance of leaves with smaller number of fruits and earlier flowering plants that have larger inflorescences which are cultivated for their fruits (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Manoko, MLK" journalOrPublisher="Trends in Ecology & Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" publicationUrl="http://dare.ubn.kun.nl/bitstream/2066/30032/1/30032.pdf" refId="B227" refString="Manoko, MLK, 2007. A systematic study of African Solanum L. section Solanum (Solanaceae). PhD Thesis, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands, http://dare.ubn.kun.nl/bitstream/2066/30032/1/30032.pdf" title="A systematic study of African Solanum L. section Solanum (Solanaceae). PhD Thesis, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands," url="http://dare.ubn.kun.nl/bitstream/2066/30032/1/30032.pdf" year="2007">Manoko 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Cultivated forms of
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. scabrum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="scabrum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. scabrum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
stand out as quite distinctive; all forms have larger flowers and anthers that are often brownish in colour, while the forms cultivated for their leaves have larger, longer petiolate leaves and those cultivated for their fruits have larger, more numerous and shinier berries (the size of cherries) on erect or spreading pedicels. The pericarp in
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. scabrum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="scabrum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. scabrum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
berries in all varieties is quite thick compared to other black nightshades, but mature berries of cultivars show variation in anthocyanin content where some individuals have dark purple mesocarp and others pale green. One of the major limitations to cultivation of
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. scabrum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="scabrum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. scabrum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a leaf vegetable is the relatively low leaf yield due to early flowering and excessive fruiting (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ojiewo, CO" journalOrPublisher="International Journal of Plant Breeding" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="76 - 89" refId="B267" refString="Ojiewo, CO, Mbwambo, O, Swai, I, Samali, S, Tilya, MS, Mnzava, RN, Mrosso, L, Minja, R, Oluoch, M, 2013. Selection, evaluation and release of varieties from genetically diverse African nightshade germplasm. International Journal of Plant Breeding 7: 76 - 89" title="Selection, evaluation and release of varieties from genetically diverse African nightshade germplasm." volume="7" year="2013">Ojiewo et al. 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/14620316.2006.11512048" author="Ojiewo, CO" journalOrPublisher="The Journal of Horticultural Science & Biotechnology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="183 - 188" refId="B266" refString="Ojiewo, CO, Agong, SG, Murakami, K, Masuda, M, 2006. Chromosome duplication and ploidy level determination in African nightshade Solanum villosum Miller. The Journal of Horticultural Science & Biotechnology 81 (2): 183 - 188, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14620316.2006.11512048" title="Chromosome duplication and ploidy level determination in African nightshade Solanum villosum Miller." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/14620316.2006.11512048" volume="81" year="2006">Ojiewo et al. 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In response to this, enhanced varieties are being developed and new registered varieties are being released (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/14620316.2006.11512048" author="Ojiewo, CO" journalOrPublisher="The Journal of Horticultural Science & Biotechnology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="183 - 188" refId="B266" refString="Ojiewo, CO, Agong, SG, Murakami, K, Masuda, M, 2006. Chromosome duplication and ploidy level determination in African nightshade Solanum villosum Miller. The Journal of Horticultural Science & Biotechnology 81 (2): 183 - 188, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14620316.2006.11512048" title="Chromosome duplication and ploidy level determination in African nightshade Solanum villosum Miller." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/14620316.2006.11512048" volume="81" year="2006">Ojiewo et al. 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ojiewo, CO" journalOrPublisher="International Journal of Plant Breeding" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="76 - 89" refId="B267" refString="Ojiewo, CO, Mbwambo, O, Swai, I, Samali, S, Tilya, MS, Mnzava, RN, Mrosso, L, Minja, R, Oluoch, M, 2013. Selection, evaluation and release of varieties from genetically diverse African nightshade germplasm. International Journal of Plant Breeding 7: 76 - 89" title="Selection, evaluation and release of varieties from genetically diverse African nightshade germplasm." volume="7" year="2013">Ojiewo et al. 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) such as "Medium leaf long-lasting" released in Kenya in 2006. Breeding is also focussing on local variation and drought resistance (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.17660/eJHS.2016/81.2.3" author="Dinssa, FF" journalOrPublisher="European Journal of Horticultural Science" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="91 - 105" refId="B88" refString="Dinssa, FF, Hanson, P, Dubois, T, Tenkouano, A, Stoilova, T, Hughes, JA, Keatinge, JDH, 2016. AVDRC - the World Vegetable Center's women-oriented improvement and development strategy for traditional African vegetables in sub-Saharan Africa. European Journal of Horticultural Science 81 (2): 91 - 105, DOI: https://doi.org/10.17660/eJHS.2016/81.2.3" title="AVDRC - the World Vegetable Center's women-oriented improvement and development strategy for traditional African vegetables in sub-Saharan Africa." url="https://doi.org/10.17660/eJHS.2016/81.2.3" volume="81" year="2016">Dinssa et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
The presumed wild forms were described at the infraspecific rank by
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3417/1055-3177(2006)16[508:ANSOSS]2.0.CO;2" author="Olet, EA" journalOrPublisher="African Journal of Ecology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B272" refString="Olet, EA, Heun, M, Lye, KA, 2006. A new subspecies of Solanum scabrum Miller found in Uganda. Novon 16(4): 508-511. https://doi.org/10.3417/1055-3177(2006)16[508:ANSOSS]2.0.CO;2" title="A new subspecies of Solanum scabrum Miller found in Uganda. Novon 16 (4): 508 - 511." url="https://doi.org/10.3417/1055-3177(2006)16[508:ANSOSS]2.0.CO;2" year="2006">Olet et al. (2006)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
as subsp.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Olet" authorityYear="2004" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum scabrum subsp. laevis" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="scabrum" subSpecies="laevis">Solanum scabrum laevis</taxonomicName>
|
||
. This differs from the cultivated forms in having narrower leaves and smaller fruits that are globose rather than subglobose.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Dehmer, KJ" editor="van den Berg, RG" journalOrPublisher="University Press, Nijmegen" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="85 - 96" refId="B84" refString="Dehmer, KJ, 2001. Conclusions on the taxonomy of the Solanum nigrum complex by molecular analyes of IPK germplasm accessions. In: van den Berg, RG, Barendse, GWM, van der Weerden, GM, Mariani, C, Eds., Solanaceae V: Advances in taxonomy and utilization. University Press, Nijmegen: 85 - 96" title="Conclusions on the taxonomy of the Solanum nigrum complex by molecular analyes of IPK germplasm accessions." volumeTitle="Solanaceae V: Advances in taxonomy and utilization." year="2001">Dehmer (2001)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Olet, EA" journalOrPublisher="African Journal of Biotechnology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="6387 - 6395" refId="B270" refString="Olet, EA, Arnstein, K, Heun, M, 2011. Amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs) analysis of species of Solanum section Solanum (Solanaceae) from Uganda. African Journal of Biotechnology 10: 6387 - 6395" title="Amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs) analysis of species of Solanum section Solanum (Solanaceae) from Uganda." volume="10" year="2011">Olet et al. (2011)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
have shown, however, that these differences are not reflected in relationships based on AFLP molecular markers. These wild forms of
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. scabrum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="scabrum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. scabrum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have often been called
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. nigrum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="nigrum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. nigrum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(e.g.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Edmonds, JM" editor="Thulin, M" journalOrPublisher="Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="207 - 208" refId="B115" refString="Edmonds, JM, 2006a. Solanum L. section Solanum. In: Thulin, M, Ed., Flora of Somalia 3. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, London: 207 - 208" title="Solanum L. section Solanum." volumeTitle="Flora of Somalia 3." year="2006 a">Edmonds 2006a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Edmonds, JM" editor="Hedberg, I" journalOrPublisher="Uppsala and Addis Ababa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="115 - 122" refId="B116" refString="Edmonds, JM, 2006b. Solanum L. section Solanum. In: Hedberg, I, Edwards, S, Eds., Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea, Vol 5. Uppsala and Addis Ababa: 115 - 122" title="Solanum L. section Solanum." volumeTitle="Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea, Vol 5." year="2006 b">2006b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Edmonds, JM" editor="Beentje, H" journalOrPublisher="Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="105 - 125" refId="B118" refString="Edmonds, JM, 2012. Solanum spp. In: Beentje, H, Ed., Flora of Tropical East Africa Solanaceae. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew: 105 - 125" title="Solanum spp." volumeTitle="Flora of Tropical East Africa Solanaceae." year="2012">2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), but they differ from true
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. nigrum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="nigrum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. nigrum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
which, in Africa only occurs in the north along the Mediterranean, in their congested inflorescences, spreading pedicels, calyx lobes that tear unevenly and long-petiolate leaves.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Olet, EA" journalOrPublisher="African Journal of Biotechnology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="6387 - 6395" refId="B270" refString="Olet, EA, Arnstein, K, Heun, M, 2011. Amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs) analysis of species of Solanum section Solanum (Solanaceae) from Uganda. African Journal of Biotechnology 10: 6387 - 6395" title="Amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs) analysis of species of Solanum section Solanum (Solanaceae) from Uganda." volume="10" year="2011">Olet et al. (2011)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
clearly demonstrated that the wild forms of
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. scabrum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="scabrum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. scabrum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are genetically closely related with cultivated
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. scabrum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="scabrum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. scabrum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
accessions and form a distinct cluster away from European
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. nigrum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="nigrum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. nigrum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum scabrum" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scabrum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum scabrum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be distinguished from the somewhat similar
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. americanum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="americanum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. americanum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by its larger anthers (2-3 mm long versus 0.8-1.5 mm long). In both these species, as well as
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. retroflexum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="retroflexum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. retroflexum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the berries usually lack stone cells (some populations of
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. americanum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="americanum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. americanum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can have up to 4 stone cells) and drop without the pedicels at maturity, leaving the pedicels behind on old inflorescences. In both
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. scabrum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="scabrum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. scabrum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. americanum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="americanum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. americanum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, berries are purple-black and shiny, while
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. retroflexum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="retroflexum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. retroflexum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has dull purple-black berries with a distinct grey bloom. The pedicels of
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. scabrum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="scabrum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. scabrum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are usually erect or spreading.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Plants described as
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. fistulosum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="fistulosum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. fistulosum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. oleraceum subsp. var. var. macrocarpon" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="variety" species="oleraceum" subSpecies="var." variety="macrocarpon">S. oleraceum var. macrocarpon</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Dunal, MF" journalOrPublisher="Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B99" refString="Dunal, MF, 1814. Solanum. In: Lamarck J, Poiret JLM (Eds) Encyclopedie methodique. Botanique. Suppl. 3(2): 369-780. Agasse, Paris." title="Solanum. In: Lamarck J, Poiret JLM (Eds) Encyclopedie methodique. Botanique. Suppl. 3 (2): 369 - 780. Agasse, Paris." year="1814">Dunal (1814</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Dunal, MF" journalOrPublisher="Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B101" refString="Dunal, MF, 1852. Solanaceae. In: Candolle AP de (Ed.) Prodromus systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis 13(1): 1-690. V. Masson, Paris." title="Solanaceae. In: Candolle AP de (Ed.) Prodromus systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis 13 (1): 1 - 690. V. Masson, Paris." year="1852">1852</bibRefCitation>
|
||
respectively, see synonymy) from Brazil were almost certainly taken there from western Africa by enslaved people and were either collected from home gardens or became established in the New world.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum scabrum" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scabrum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum scabrum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is closely related to
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. nigrum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="nigrum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. nigrum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. villosum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="villosum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. villosum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on molecular data (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Manoko, MLK" journalOrPublisher="Trends in Ecology & Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" publicationUrl="http://dare.ubn.kun.nl/bitstream/2066/30032/1/30032.pdf" refId="B227" refString="Manoko, MLK, 2007. A systematic study of African Solanum L. section Solanum (Solanaceae). PhD Thesis, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands, http://dare.ubn.kun.nl/bitstream/2066/30032/1/30032.pdf" title="A systematic study of African Solanum L. section Solanum (Solanaceae). PhD Thesis, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands," url="http://dare.ubn.kun.nl/bitstream/2066/30032/1/30032.pdf" year="2007">Manoko 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-010-0215-y" author="Poczai, P" journalOrPublisher="Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B285" refString="Poczai, P, Hyvoenen, J, 2011. On the origin of Solanum nigrum: Can networks help? Molecular Biology Reports 38(2): 1171-1185. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-010-0215-y" title="On the origin of Solanum nigrum: Can networks help? Molecular Biology Reports 38 (2): 1171 - 1185." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-010-0215-y" year="2011">
|
||
Poczai and
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Hyvönen">Hyvoenen</normalizedToken>
|
||
2011
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The close relationship amongst these polyploids indicates that they might share the same diploid parent. The idea that
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. villosum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="villosum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. villosum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is the likely tetraploid parent of the hexaploids
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. nigrum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="nigrum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. nigrum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. scabrum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="scabrum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. scabrum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has also been supported by evidence from crossing experiments and cytological studies (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02862165" author="Soria, J" journalOrPublisher="Economic Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="245 - 255" refId="B343" refString="Soria, J, Heiser, CB, 1961. A statistical study of relationships of certain species of the Solanum nigrum complex. Economic Botany 15 (3): 245 - 255, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02862165" title="A statistical study of relationships of certain species of the Solanum nigrum complex." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02862165" volume="15" year="1961">Soria and Heiser 1961</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1086/282392" author="Heiser, CB Jr" journalOrPublisher="American Naturalist" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="471 - 488" refId="B167" refString="Heiser, CB Jr, Soria, J, Burton, DL, 1965. A numerical taxonomic study of Solanum species and hybrids. American Naturalist 99 (909): 471 - 488, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1086/282392" title="A numerical taxonomic study of Solanum species and hybrids." url="https://doi.org/10.1086/282392" volume="99" year="1965">Heiser et al. 1965</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.15281/jplantres1887.84.335" author="Rao, GR" journalOrPublisher="Botanical Magazine Tokyo" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="335 - 338" refId="B302" refString="Rao, GR, Khan, R, Khan, AH, 1971. Structural hybridity and genetic system of Solanum nigrum complex. Botanical Magazine Tokyo 84 (995): 335 - 338, DOI: https://doi.org/10.15281/jplantres1887.84.335" title="Structural hybridity and genetic system of Solanum nigrum complex." url="https://doi.org/10.15281/jplantres1887.84.335" volume="84" year="1971">Rao et al. 1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.1974.tb02155.x" author="Jardine, N" journalOrPublisher="The New Phytologist" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1259 - 1277" refId="B182" refString="Jardine, N, Edmonds, JM, 1974. The use of numerical methods to describe population differentiation. The New Phytologist 73 (6): 1259 - 1277, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.1974.tb02155.x" title="The use of numerical methods to describe population differentiation." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.1974.tb02155.x" volume="73" year="1974">Jardine and Edmonds 1974</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1977.tb01482.x" author="Edmonds, JM" journalOrPublisher="Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="141 - 178" refId="B104" refString="Edmonds, JM, 1977. Taxonomic studies on Solanum L. section Solanum (Maurella). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 75 (2): 141 - 178, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1977.tb01482.x" title="Taxonomic studies on Solanum L. section Solanum (Maurella)." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1977.tb01482.x" volume="75" year="1977">Edmonds 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1978.tb01497.x" author="Edmonds, JM" journalOrPublisher="Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="27 - 51" refId="B105" refString="Edmonds, JM, 1978. Numerical taxonomic studies on Solanum L. section Solanum (Maurella). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 76 (1): 27 - 51, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1978.tb01497.x" title="Numerical taxonomic studies on Solanum L. section Solanum (Maurella)." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1978.tb01497.x" volume="76" year="1978">1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00985991" author="Edmonds, JM" journalOrPublisher="Plant Systematics and Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="277 - 291" refId="B120" refString="Edmonds, JM, Glidewell, SM, 1977. Acrylamide gel electrophoresis of seed proteins from some Solanum (section Solanum) species. Plant Systematics and Evolution 127 (4): 277 - 291, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00985991" title="Acrylamide gel electrophoresis of seed proteins from some Solanum (section Solanum) species." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00985991" volume="127" year="1977">Edmonds and Glidewell 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1978.tb01497.x" author="Edmonds, JM" journalOrPublisher="Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="27 - 51" refId="B105" refString="Edmonds, JM, 1978. Numerical taxonomic studies on Solanum L. section Solanum (Maurella). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 76 (1): 27 - 51, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1978.tb01497.x" title="Numerical taxonomic studies on Solanum L. section Solanum (Maurella)." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1978.tb01497.x" volume="76" year="1978">Edmonds 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Two possibilities still remain: one of the hexaploid species (
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. nigrum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="nigrum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. nigrum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. scabrum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="scabrum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. scabrum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) evolved first and gave rise to the other or that the two hexaploids originated from the same parents independently (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-010-0215-y" author="Poczai, P" journalOrPublisher="Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B285" refString="Poczai, P, Hyvoenen, J, 2011. On the origin of Solanum nigrum: Can networks help? Molecular Biology Reports 38(2): 1171-1185. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-010-0215-y" title="On the origin of Solanum nigrum: Can networks help? Molecular Biology Reports 38 (2): 1171 - 1185." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-010-0215-y" year="2011">
|
||
Poczai and
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Hyvönen">Hyvoenen</normalizedToken>
|
||
2011
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). These two scenarios will be difficult to distinguish based on molecular data due to the complexity caused by high ploidy level.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
The nomenclature and typification of the various synonyms of
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. scabrum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="scabrum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. scabrum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the earliest name applied to the taxon, have been extensively discussed by others (e.g.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Gras, A" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de la Societe botanique de France" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="592 - 595" refId="B153" refString="Gras, A, 1863. Nouvelle note sur quelques rectifications de synonymie. Bulletin de la Societe botanique de France 10: 592 - 595" title="Nouvelle note sur quelques rectifications de synonymie." volume="10" year="1863">Gras 1863</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Thellung, A" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B373" refString="Thellung, A, 1927. Qu'est-ce que le Solanum dillenii Schultes? Reports of the Botanical Society and Exchange Club of the British Isles 8: 186-191." title="Qu'est-ce que le Solanum dillenii Schultes? Reports of the Botanical Society and Exchange Club of the British Isles 8: 186 - 191." year="1927">Thellung 1927</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Polgar, S" journalOrPublisher="Acta Horti Gotoburgensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="281 - 288" refId="B293" refString="Polgar, S, 1939. Solanum dillenianum. Acta Horti Gotoburgensis 13: 281 - 288" title="Solanum dillenianum." volume="13" year="1939">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Polgár">Polgar</normalizedToken>
|
||
1939
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Stebbins, GL" journalOrPublisher="Madrono" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="70 - 80" refId="B354" refString="Stebbins, GL, Paddock, EF, 1949. The Solanum nigrum complex in Pacific North America. Madrono 10: 70 - 80" title="The Solanum nigrum complex in Pacific North America." volume="10" year="1949">Stebbins and Paddock 1949</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Soria, J" journalOrPublisher="Baileya" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="33 - 35" refId="B342" refString="Soria, J, Heiser, CB, 1959. The Garden Huckleberry and the Sunberry. Baileya 7: 33 - 35" title="The Garden Huckleberry and the Sunberry." volume="7" year="1959">Soria and Heiser 1959</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.2307/4114799" author="Heine, H" journalOrPublisher="Kew Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="245 - 249" refId="B162" refString="Heine, H, 1960. Notes on Solanum. Kew Bulletin 14 (2): 245 - 249, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/4114799" title="Notes on Solanum." url="https://doi.org/10.2307/4114799" volume="14" year="1960">Heine 1960</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1979.tb02194.x" author="Edmonds, JM" journalOrPublisher="Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="213 - 233" refId="B107" refString="Edmonds, JM, 1979b. Nomenclatural notes on some species of Solanum L. found in Europe. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 78 (3): 213 - 233, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1979.tb02194.x" title="Nomenclatural notes on some species of Solanum L. found in Europe." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1979.tb02194.x" volume="78" year="1979 b">Edmonds 1979b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). We merely add additional notes for our lectotypifications designated here or for those that have been designated inadvertently (e.g.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Prado, J" journalOrPublisher="Pharacologyonline" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B295" refString="Prado, J, Hirai, RY, Moran, RC, 2015. (046-048) Proposals concerning inadvertent lectotypifications (and neotypifications). Taxon 64: 651." title="(046 - 048) Proposals concerning inadvertent lectotypifications (and neotypifications). Taxon 64: 651." year="2015">Prado et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Edmonds, JM" editor="Beentje, H" journalOrPublisher="Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="105 - 125" refId="B118" refString="Edmonds, JM, 2012. Solanum spp. In: Beentje, H, Ed., Flora of Tropical East Africa Solanaceae. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew: 105 - 125" title="Solanum spp." volumeTitle="Flora of Tropical East Africa Solanaceae." year="2012">Edmonds (2012)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
designated a specimen in the Dillenian herbarium at OXF as the lectotype for
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. melanocerasum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="melanocerasum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. melanocerasum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
All.; Allioni did not cite and probably never saw these specimens; this is correctable to neotype.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="D'Arcy, WG" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="573 - 780" refId="B71" refString="D'Arcy, WG, 1974a. ["1973"]) Solanaceae, Flora of Panama. Part 9. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 60: 573 - 780" title="[" 1973 "]) Solanaceae, Flora of Panama. Part 9." volume="60" year="1974 a">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="D’Arcy">D'Arcy</normalizedToken>
|
||
(1974a
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 737) inadvertently lectotypifed
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. guineense" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="guineense">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. guineense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Lam. by citing a specimen in "Herb.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lam. s.n.</emphasis>
|
||
(P)" as
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="“Type”">"Type"</normalizedToken>
|
||
; this corresponds to a specimen in the Lamarck herbarium (P00357674) that is labelled "Solanum nigrum guineense L. planta glabra.. fructu magno nigro. Sol. guineense Lam. Ill", suggesting that Lamarck was basing his name on
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Linnaeus’">Linnaeus'</normalizedToken>
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. nigrum subsp. var. var. guineense" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="variety" species="nigrum" subSpecies="var." variety="guineense">S. nigrum var. guineense</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In the protologue,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Lamarck, J-B" journalOrPublisher="PhytoKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B207" refString="Lamarck, J-B, 1794. Tableau encyclopedique et methodique des trois regnes de la nature. Botanique. Vol. 2. Panckoucke, Paris." title="Tableau encyclopedique et methodique des trois regnes de la nature. Botanique. Vol. 2. Panckoucke, Paris." year="1794">Lamarck (1794)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
indirectly referred to Linnaeus, through citing the single element in the protologue of
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. nigrum subsp. var. var. guineense" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="variety" species="nigrum" subSpecies="var." variety="guineense">S. nigrum var. guineense</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the illustration in
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Dillenius, JJ" journalOrPublisher="Kurtziana" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B87" refString="Dillenius, JJ, 1732. Hortus Elthamensis seu plantarum rariorum. Published by the author, London." title="Hortus Elthamensis seu plantarum rariorum. Published by the author, London." year="1732">Dillenius (1732)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. We are therefore treating these two names (
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. nigrum subsp. var. var. guineense" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="variety" species="nigrum" subSpecies="var." variety="guineense">S. nigrum var. guineense</taxonomicName>
|
||
L. and
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. guineense" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="guineense">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. guineense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Lam.) as homotypic, rendering
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="D'Arcy, WG" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="573 - 780" refId="B71" refString="D'Arcy, WG, 1974a. ["1973"]) Solanaceae, Flora of Panama. Part 9. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 60: 573 - 780" title="[" 1973 "]) Solanaceae, Flora of Panama. Part 9." volume="60" year="1974 a">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="D’Arcy’s">D'Arcy's</normalizedToken>
|
||
(1974a)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
lectotypification superfluous.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Lamarck, J-B" journalOrPublisher="PhytoKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B207" refString="Lamarck, J-B, 1794. Tableau encyclopedique et methodique des trois regnes de la nature. Botanique. Vol. 2. Panckoucke, Paris." title="Tableau encyclopedique et methodique des trois regnes de la nature. Botanique. Vol. 2. Panckoucke, Paris." year="1794">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Lamarck’s">Lamarck's</normalizedToken>
|
||
(1794)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. triangulare" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="triangulare">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. triangulare</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has traditionally been considered a synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. africanum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="africanum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. africanum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Mill. (a member of the Dulcamaroid clade,
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.22.4041" author="Knapp, S" journalOrPublisher="PhytoKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 432" refId="B199" refString="Knapp, S, 2013. A revision of the Dulcamaroid clade of Solanum L. (Solanaceae). PhytoKeys 22 (0): 1 - 432, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.22.4041" title="A revision of the Dulcamaroid clade of Solanum L. (Solanaceae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.22.4041" volume="22" year="2013">Knapp 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); the protologue cites two elements, only one of which
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="“?”">"?"</normalizedToken>
|
||
represents
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. africanum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="africanum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. africanum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and was questioned as only possibly being the same by Lamarck. The other cited element of
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. triangulare" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="triangulare">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. triangulare</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is an illustration from
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Herbarium Amboinense</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Rumphius, [Rumpf] GE" journalOrPublisher="ARM-W" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B318" refString="Rumphius, [Rumpf] GE, 1750. Herbarium amboinense. Vol. 6. F. Changuion & H. Uytwerf, Amsterdam." title="Herbarium amboinense. Vol. 6. F. Changuion & H. Uytwerf, Amsterdam." year="1750">Rumphius 1750</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) that represents
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. americanum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="americanum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. americanum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="D'Arcy, WG" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="573 - 780" refId="B71" refString="D'Arcy, WG, 1974a. ["1973"]) Solanaceae, Flora of Panama. Part 9. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 60: 573 - 780" title="[" 1973 "]) Solanaceae, Flora of Panama. Part 9." volume="60" year="1974 a">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="D’Arcy">D'Arcy</normalizedToken>
|
||
(1974a)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, however, cited the specimen in
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Lamarck’s">Lamarck's</normalizedToken>
|
||
herbarium ("Lamarck s.n. (P)"; P00357626) as
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="“Type”">"Type"</normalizedToken>
|
||
and we must accept this as a valid lectotypification. This specimen is of a narrow-leaved plant of
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. scabrum." order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="scabrum.">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. scabrum.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Willdenow, CL" journalOrPublisher="African Journal of Ecology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B405" refString="Willdenow, CL, 1809. Enumeratio plantarum hortii regii botanici Berolinensis. Taberna Libraria Scholae Realis, Berlin." title="Enumeratio plantarum hortii regii botanici Berolinensis. Taberna Libraria Scholae Realis, Berlin." year="1809">Willdenow (1809)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
did not specifically reference
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Allioni’s">Allioni's</normalizedToken>
|
||
epithet in his protologue, so we are treating it as a new name. There is no material in the Willdenow herbarium labelled as
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. melanocerasum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="melanocerasum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. melanocerasum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but a specimen (B-W04368010) of
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. scabrum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="scabrum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. scabrum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(labelled as "S. guineense" and "ex horto proprio W") was clearly grown in Berlin and seen by Willdenow. We designate this as the neotype for
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. melanocerasum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="melanocerasum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. melanocerasum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Willd.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dunal" authorityYear="1813" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum pterocaulum" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pterocaulum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum pterocaulum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is illegitimate because
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Dunal, MF" journalOrPublisher="Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B98" refString="Dunal, MF, 1813. Histoire naturelle, medicale et economique des Solanum et des genres qui ont ete confundus avec eux. Renaud, Montpellier." title="Histoire naturelle, medicale et economique des Solanum et des genres qui ont ete confundus avec eux. Renaud, Montpellier." year="1813">Dunal (1813)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
cited
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. scabrum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="scabrum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. scabrum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in synonymy. In the
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Miridae" genus="Prodromus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Prodromus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Prodromus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Dunal, MF" journalOrPublisher="Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B101" refString="Dunal, MF, 1852. Solanaceae. In: Candolle AP de (Ed.) Prodromus systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis 13(1): 1-690. V. Masson, Paris." title="Solanaceae. In: Candolle AP de (Ed.) Prodromus systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis 13 (1): 1 - 690. V. Masson, Paris." year="1852">Dunal 1852</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), his use of '
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum pterocaulon" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pterocaulon">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum pterocaulon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
' was simply an orthographic variant and is correctable (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="McNeill, J" journalOrPublisher="Taxon" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B240" refString="McNeill, J, Barrie, FR, Buck, R, Demoulin, V, Greuter, W, Hawksworth, DL, Herendeen, PS, Knapp, S, Marhold, K, Prado, J, Prud'homme van Reine, WF, Smith, GF, Weirsema, JH, Turland, NJ, 2012. International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Melbourne Code) - Regnum Vegetabile 154. Koelz Scientific Books, Koenigstein." title="International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Melbourne Code) - Regnum Vegetabile 154. Koelz Scientific Books, Koenigstein." year="2012">McNeill et al.. 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Art. 61.5 and associated provisions in Art. 61); it does not alter the legitimacy of the name.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
No original material has been traced for
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. memphiticum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="memphiticum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. memphiticum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Mart., but the emphasis placed on the dark purplish colour of the stems and leaves by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Martius, CFP" journalOrPublisher="PhytoKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B234" refString="Martius, CFP, 1814. Plantarum horti academici Erlangensis enumeratio. Hilpertianis, Erlangen." title="Plantarum horti academici Erlangensis enumeratio. Hilpertianis, Erlangen." year="1814">Martius (1814)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
in the protologue, coupled with the petiolate nature of the leaves and the erect peduncles, suggests this plant was
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. scabrum." order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="scabrum.">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. scabrum.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Of the several species in this group described by P.M. Opiz (see discussion under
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. nigrum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="nigrum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. nigrum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), we are convinced from the description that
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. nitens" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="nitens">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. nitens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. scabrum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="scabrum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. scabrum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, rather than of
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. nigrum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="nigrum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. nigrum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, although
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Opiz, PM" journalOrPublisher="Nordic Journal of Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B274" refString="Opiz, PM, 1843. Deutschlands Nachtschattenarten. In: Berchtold F, Opiz PM (Eds) Oekonomisch-technische Flora Boehmens vol 3. Thomas Thabor, Annakloster." title="Deutschlands Nachtschattenarten. In: Berchtold F, Opiz PM (Eds) Oekonomisch-technische Flora Boehmens vol 3. Thomas Thabor, Annakloster." year="1843">Opiz (1843)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
places it in his
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="“superspecies”">"superspecies"</normalizedToken>
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. nigrum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="nigrum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. nigrum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The mention of shiny berries on erect pedicels is distinctive; we have yet to confirm this with specimens from
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Opiz’s">Opiz's</normalizedToken>
|
||
herbarium at PR.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
The lectotype (G00144295) chosen for
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. oleraceum subsp. var. var. macrocarpum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="variety" species="oleraceum" subSpecies="var." variety="macrocarpum">S. oleraceum var. macrocarpum</taxonomicName>
|
||
is the better preserved of the two duplicates of
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Martius 1225</emphasis>
|
||
cited by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Dunal, MF" journalOrPublisher="Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B101" refString="Dunal, MF, 1852. Solanaceae. In: Candolle AP de (Ed.) Prodromus systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis 13(1): 1-690. V. Masson, Paris." title="Solanaceae. In: Candolle AP de (Ed.) Prodromus systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis 13 (1): 1 - 690. V. Masson, Paris." year="1852">Dunal (1852)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
The lectotype chosen for
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. tinctorium" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="tinctorium">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. tinctorium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Welwitsch 6103</emphasis>
|
||
) is the more clearly duplicated of the collections cited in the protologue; we have selected the best preserved sheet (BM000942995) as the lectotype. The name apparently comes from the staining berries that were used as ink.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Selected specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1872-12" collectorName="Monteiro" country="Angola" location="Abriz" municipality="Ambriz" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Bengo">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Angola">Angola</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Angola" name="Bengo">Bengo</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Ambriz</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:24EACE1F279AFF0109EAC907F8DDCE35" country="Angola" municipality="Ambriz" name="Abriz" stateProvince="Bengo">Abriz</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1872-12">Dec 1872</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Monteiro</collectorName>
|
||
s.n.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(K)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1933-12" collectorName="Hundt" country="Angola" location="Hochland" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Benguela">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Angola" name="Benguela">Benguela</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:86ABDD3713DE166E31D9F7C4B5FDB551" country="Angola" name="Hochland" stateProvince="Benguela">Hochland</location>
|
||
<locationDeviation firstLocation="Ganda" secondLocation="Caconda">zwischen Ganda und Caconda</locationDeviation>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1933-12">Dec 1933</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Hundt</collectorName>
|
||
797
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(BM)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1855-07" collectorName="Welwitsch" country="Angola" county="Varzea do Isidoro" location="Dto. Golungo Alto" municipality="Cuango" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Cuanza Norte">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Angola" name="Kwanza Norte">Cuanza Norte</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingCounty>Varzea do Isidoro</collectingCounty>
|
||
ad rivum
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Cuango</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:1ED96A5125F7835B6B72D53B571BCDD9" country="Angola" county="Varzea do Isidoro" municipality="Cuango" name="Dto. Golungo Alto" stateProvince="Cuanza Norte">Dto. Golungo Alto</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1855-07">Jul 1855</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Welwitsch</collectorName>
|
||
6100
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(BM)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1857-01" collectorName="Welwitsch" country="Angola" location="Lusillo" municipality="Distr. Pungo Andongo" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Malanje">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Angola" name="Malanje">Malanje</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Distr. Pungo Andongo</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
, prope
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:FC2FEFC79DEC06176F127721FD9638A2" country="Angola" municipality="Distr. Pungo Andongo" name="Lusillo" stateProvince="Malanje">Lusillo</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1857-01">Jan 1857</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Welwitsch</collectorName>
|
||
6108
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(BM)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1859-07" collectorName="Welwitsch" country="Angola" county="Mofsamedes" location="Habit Cavalheiros" municipality="Herb. Moira" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Namibe">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Angola" name="Namibe">Namibe</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingCounty>Mofsamedes</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Herb. Moira</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:DE97C56171A49FA744983DA08E295C0E" country="Angola" county="Mofsamedes" municipality="Herb. Moira" name="Habit Cavalheiros" stateProvince="Namibe">Habit Cavalheiros</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1859-07">Jul 1859</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Welwitsch</collectorName>
|
||
6033
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(BM)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1903-08-26" country="Benin" location="Dahomey" municipality="Wida" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Atlantique">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Benin">Benin</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Benin" name="Atlantique">Atlantique</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Wida</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:0B0EBD7A293C318890B19B3849994045" country="Benin" municipality="Wida" name="Dahomey" stateProvince="Atlantique">Dahomey</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1903-08-26">26 Aug 1903</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Estève">Esteve</normalizedToken>
|
||
111
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(BM)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1969-05-04" country="Botswana" location="Ghanzi" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Ghanzi">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Botswana">Botswana</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Botswana" name="Ghanzi">Ghanzi</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:F08C79CECC6152A522FCA69DD676D1CF" country="Botswana" name="Ghanzi" stateProvince="Ghanzi">Ghanzi</location>
|
||
camp,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1969-05-04">4 May 1969</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Brown 6019</emphasis>
|
||
(K); Ghanzi camp,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1969-05-04">4 May 1969</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cole 6019</emphasis>
|
||
(K)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1967-03-21" country="Botswana" location="Mutsoi" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="North West">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Botswana" name="North West">North West</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:FAE613D91FB47E329D91DE11EE582108" country="Botswana" name="Mutsoi" stateProvince="North West">Mutsoi</location>
|
||
<locationDeviation location="Nokaneng">NE of Nokaneng</locationDeviation>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1967-03-21">21 Mar 1967</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lambrecht 90</emphasis>
|
||
(K)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2007-10-16" collectorName="Sanou, Leonard" country="Burkina Faso" location="Dori Dam" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Seno">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Burkina Faso">Burkina Faso</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion>Seno</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:E329B107759461178E2002D7783BF917" country="Burkina Faso" name="Dori Dam" stateProvince="Seno">Dori Dam</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="2007-10-16">16 Oct 2007</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Sanou</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName>Leonard</collectorName>
|
||
BUR-596
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(K)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2009-06-21" collectorName="Komaromi" country="Cameroon" county="Mayo-Banyo" location="Somie village" municipality="Mambilla Plateau Cameroon" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Adamaoua">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Cameroon">Cameroon</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Cameroon" name="Adamaoua">Adamaoua</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingCounty>Mayo-Banyo</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Mambilla Plateau Cameroon</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
, around
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:160DF2B62708D4F65624C14407C8F41B" country="Cameroon" county="Mayo-Banyo" municipality="Mambilla Plateau Cameroon" name="Somie village" stateProvince="Adamaoua">Somie village</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="2009-06-21">21 Jun 2009</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Komaromi</collectorName>
|
||
48
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(K)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1986-09-16" collectorName="Manning" country="Cameroon" location="Yaounde" municipality="Mimboman area" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Centre">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Cameroon" name="Centre">Centre</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Mimboman area</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:11DC5DC72CCE44E617E494B461CD16F0" country="Cameroon" municipality="Mimboman area" name="Yaounde" stateProvince="Centre">Yaounde</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1986-09-16">16 Sep 1986</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Manning</collectorName>
|
||
235
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(MO)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1964-09-15" collectorName="Letouzey" country="Cameroon" location="Hossere Oupay" municipality="Monts Mandara" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Extreme-Nord">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Cameroon" name="Far North">Extreme-Nord</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Monts Mandara</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:2028FFCB4F91D4149F6F65428C9D3B34" country="Cameroon" municipality="Monts Mandara" name="Hossere Oupay" stateProvince="Extreme-Nord">Hossere Oupay</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<locationDeviation location="Mokolo">
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" unit="km" value="15.0">15 km</quantity>
|
||
NNO de Mokolo
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1964-09-15">15 Sep 1964</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Letouzey</collectorName>
|
||
6880
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(K, P)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1986-08-16" collectorName="Johns" country="Cameroon" location="Donala" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Littoral">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Cameroon" name="Littoral">Littoral</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:375DBAB625C36462E05AC6EC2BF57ECF" country="Cameroon" name="Donala" stateProvince="Littoral">Donala</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1986-08-16">16 Aug 1986</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Johns</collectorName>
|
||
86-481
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(K)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1928-01-20" collectorName="Migeod" country="Cameroon" location="Above Bamenda" municipality="Mezam" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Nord-Ouest">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Cameroon" name="North-West">Nord-Ouest</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Mezam</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:FECBEA143FE23F2DD4136E491765D31D" country="Cameroon" municipality="Mezam" name="Above Bamenda" stateProvince="Nord-Ouest">Above Bamenda</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1928-01-20">20 Jan 1928</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Migeod</collectorName>
|
||
358
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(BM, K)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1996-05-24" collectorName="Ryan" country="Cameroon" location="Kupe Village" municipality="Mt Kupe" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sud-Ouest">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Cameroon" name="South-West">Sud-Ouest</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Mt Kupe</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:FD4FB3D7145BF73B39D66EE54A7952D6" country="Cameroon" municipality="Mt Kupe" name="Kupe Village" stateProvince="Sud-Ouest">Kupe Village</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1996-05-24">24 May 1996</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Ryan</collectorName>
|
||
289
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(K, MO, P)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1902-09-24" collectorName="Territoire du Haut-Obangi" country="Central African Republic" location="Central African Republic" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Central African Republic">Central African Republic</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
. Mboukou Griko,
|
||
<collectorName>Territoire du Haut-Obangi</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1902-09-24">24 Sep 1902</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chevalier 5518</emphasis>
|
||
(K)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1875-06" country="Comoros" location="Anjouan" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Anjouan">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Comoros">Comoros</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Comoros" name="Anjouan">Anjouan</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Comoros" name="Anjouan">Anjouan</collectingRegion>
|
||
(Comoro-Insel Johanna),
|
||
<collectingDate value="1875-06">Jun 1875</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Hildebrandt 1626[b</emphasis>
|
||
] (BM, W)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1981-08-09" collectingDateMax="1990-11-01" collectingDateMin="1981-08-09" country="Comoros" location="Moheli Island" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Moheli Island">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Comoros" name="Moheli">Moheli Island</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Comoros" name="Moheli">Moheli</collectingRegion>
|
||
, NE center of island,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1987-08-14">14 Aug 1987</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="D’Arcy">D'Arcy</normalizedToken>
|
||
17617
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(MO, P);
|
||
<collectingDate value="1990-11-01">1 Nov 1990</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="D’Arcy">D'Arcy</normalizedToken>
|
||
17765
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(MO);
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Njazídja">Njazidja</normalizedToken>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Comoros" name="Grande Comore">Grande Comore</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1981-08-09">9 Aug 1981</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Doutrelepont 1203</emphasis>
|
||
(MO, P)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1973-05-31" collectorName="De Koning" country="Cote d'Ivoire" location="Adjame" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Abidjan">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Ivory Coast">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Côte">Cote</normalizedToken>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Ivoire">d'Ivoire</normalizedToken>
|
||
</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Ivory Coast" name="Abidjan">Abidjan</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:D6FA0A757B2EB7882E9D32C474F6151F" country="Cote d'Ivoire" name="Adjame" stateProvince="Abidjan">Adjame</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1973-05-31">31 May 1973</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>De Koning</collectorName>
|
||
1747
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(MO)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1973-07-25" collectingDateMax="1975-10-13" collectingDateMin="1973-07-25" collectorName="van der Burg, Smittenberg-Visser" country="Ivory Coast" location="Dimbokro" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Dimbokro">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Ivory Coast" name="Dimbokro">Dimbokro</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: c.
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" unit="km" value="5.0">5 km</quantity>
|
||
W of
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:C44A468EB0D87105BD3BF7D32A97FFDC" country="Ivory Coast" name="Dimbokro" stateProvince="Dimbokro">Dimbokro</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1975-10-13">13 Oct 1975</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>van der Burg</collectorName>
|
||
1177
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(MO);
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="M’Bahiakro">M'Bahiakro</normalizedToken>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: Koffi-Akakro (s. Prikro),
|
||
<collectingDate value="1973-07-25">25 Jul 1973</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Smittenberg-Visser</collectorName>
|
||
61
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(MO)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1984-01-27" collectorName="Hepper, Maley" country="Ivory Coast" location="Yebegouin" municipality="Man" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Montagnes">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Ivory Coast" name="Montagnes">Montagnes</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Man</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" unit="km" value="6.0">6 km</quantity>
|
||
N nr
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:280FF98096D81A2114C69DDBC2BF76F7" country="Ivory Coast" municipality="Man" name="Yebegouin" stateProvince="Montagnes">Yebegouin</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1984-01-27">27 Jan 1984</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Hepper</collectorName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
&
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Maley</collectorName>
|
||
7849
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(K)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1920-02-05" collectorName="Lukonzolwa, Moero, Quarre, Kongolo" country="Democratic Republic of the Congo" location="Katanga" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Katanga">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Democratic Republic of the Congo">Democratic Republic of the Congo</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Democratic Republic of the Congo" name="Katanga">Katanga</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectorName>Lukonzolwa</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>Moero</collectorName>
|
||
, 1933,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Quarré">
|
||
<collectorName>Quarre</collectorName>
|
||
</normalizedToken>
|
||
3297
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(K);
|
||
<collectorName>Kongolo</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1920-02-05">5 Feb 1920</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Schantz 646</emphasis>
|
||
(K)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1971-11-05" collectorName="Maluku, Route Menkao-Kingankati" country="Democratic Republic of the Congo" location="Kinshasa" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kinshasa">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Democratic Republic of the Congo" name="Kinshasa">Kinshasa</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectorName>Maluku</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>Route Menkao-Kingankati</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1971-11-05">5 Nov 1971</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Breyne 2227</emphasis>
|
||
(MO)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Democratic Republic of the Congo" name="Nord-Kivu">Nord-Kivu</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: Lubarika, 1953,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gilon 315[a</emphasis>
|
||
] (MO);
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1934-10" collectingDateMax="1938-07-26" collectingDateMin="1934-10" collectorName="Ituri, v. Albert-See" country="Democratic Republic of the Congo" location="Orientale" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Orientale">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Democratic Republic of the Congo" name="Orientale">Orientale</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectorName>Ituri</collectorName>
|
||
, w.
|
||
<collectorName>v. Albert-See</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1934-10">Oct 1934</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gusinde s.n.</emphasis>
|
||
(W); Yangambi,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1938-07-26">26 Jul 1938</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Louis 10507</emphasis>
|
||
(K, P);
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Sud
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1933-07" collectorName="Kizozi" country="Democratic Republic of the Congo" location="Kivu" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kivu">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Democratic Republic of the Congo" name="Sud-Kivu">Kivu</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectorName>Kizozi</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1933-07">Jul 1933</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lejeune 55</emphasis>
|
||
(K)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1971-06-13" country="Egypt" location="Giza" municipality="Faculty of Agriculture" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Giza">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Egypt">Egypt</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Egypt" name="Al Jizah">Giza</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Faculty of Agriculture</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:214107DDD6B132DCC9AE78D0F0C4DA6C" country="Egypt" municipality="Faculty of Agriculture" name="Giza" stateProvince="Giza">Giza</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1971-06-13">13 Jun 1971</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Sisi s.n.</emphasis>
|
||
(MO)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1959-07-25" collectorName="Pico de Fogo, SW, Melville" country="Equatorial Guinea" location="Equatorial Guinea" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Equatorial Guinea">Equatorial Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Annobon</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectorName>Pico de Fogo, SW</collectorName>
|
||
side,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1959-07-25">25 Jul 1959</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Melville</collectorName>
|
||
188
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(BM, K, MA, P)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1989-02-20" collectorName="Fernandez-Casas" country="Equatorial Guinea" location="entre Moca y Riaba" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Bioko">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Equatorial Guinea" name="Bioko">Bioko</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:A35FF490470B696CA36069F485E59E71" country="Equatorial Guinea" name="entre Moca y Riaba" stateProvince="Bioko">entre Moca y Riaba</location>
|
||
por el camino viejo,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1989-02-20">20 Feb 1989</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Fernández-Casas">
|
||
<collectorName>Fernandez-Casas</collectorName>
|
||
</normalizedToken>
|
||
11820
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(K, MA, MO, P)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1990-03-28" collectorName="Basile, Do Carvalho" country="Equatorial Guinea" location="Carretera" municipality="Pico Basile" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Bioko Norte">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Equatorial Guinea" name="Bioko Norte">Bioko Norte</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>
|
||
Pico
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Basilé">Basile</normalizedToken>
|
||
</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:22BD4D0AA45D2C3D5FC28FB1A70926F2" country="Equatorial Guinea" municipality="Pico Basile" name="Carretera" stateProvince="Bioko Norte">Carretera</location>
|
||
del pico
|
||
<collectorName>Basile</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1990-03-28">28 Mar 1990</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Do Carvalho</collectorName>
|
||
4305
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(K, MA, MO, P)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1989-02-18" collectorName="de Ureca, Fernandez-Casas" country="Equatorial Guinea" location="Moca" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Bioko Sur">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Equatorial Guinea" name="Bioko Sur">Bioko Sur</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:8270926C5C86D104267C6536B1AA759A" country="Equatorial Guinea" name="Moca" stateProvince="Bioko Sur">Moca</location>
|
||
, camino
|
||
<collectorName>de Ureca</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1989-02-18">18 Feb 1989</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Fernández-Casas">
|
||
<collectorName>Fernandez-Casas</collectorName>
|
||
</normalizedToken>
|
||
11725
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(K, MA, MO)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1892-05-01" collectorName="Terracciano, Pappi" country="Eritrea" location="Asmara" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Maekel">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Eritrea">Eritrea</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Eritrea" name="Ma'akel">Maekel</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:E99ED404BFFA577F34E020490B48EF27" country="Eritrea" name="Asmara" stateProvince="Maekel">Asmara</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1892-05-01">1 May 1892</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Terracciano</collectorName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
&
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Pappi</collectorName>
|
||
187 [2206
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
] (FT)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1892-05-04" collectorName="Terracciano, Pappi" country="Eritrea" county="Asmara" location="Hamasen" municipality="Beless" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Semienawi Keyih Bahri">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Eritrea" name="Semienawi Keyih Bahri">Semienawi Keyih Bahri</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingCounty>Asmara</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Beless</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:5CF61FA27D5CAAE6E792879544A6CBD1" country="Eritrea" county="Asmara" municipality="Beless" name="Hamasen" stateProvince="Semienawi Keyih Bahri">Hamasen</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1892-05-04">4 May 1892</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Terracciano</collectorName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
&
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Pappi</collectorName>
|
||
2536
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(FT)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1986-01-16" country="Gabon" county="Jardin Cenarest" location="Poubelle" municipality="Libreville" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Estuaire">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Gabon">Gabon</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Gabon" name="Estuaire">Estuaire</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingCounty>Jardin Cenarest</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Libreville</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:EBE225F2B8AFD4D5153FEEDD1D4A42BF" country="Gabon" county="Jardin Cenarest" municipality="Libreville" name="Poubelle" stateProvince="Estuaire">Poubelle</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1986-01-16">16 Jan 1986</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Louis 1990</emphasis>
|
||
(MO)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1963-08-07" collectorName="Mampong, Ashanti" country="Ghana" location="Darko" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Ashanti">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Ghana">Ghana</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Ghana" name="Ashanti">Ashanti</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: nr
|
||
<collectorName>Mampong</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>Ashanti</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1963-08-07">7 Aug 1963</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:E5658CE42AE728CD9A8C98C5346D10CB" country="Ghana" name="Darko" stateProvince="Ashanti">Darko</location>
|
||
5115
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(K)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1954-10-12" collectorName="Aswansi, W. P" country="Ghana" location="Darko" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Central">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Ghana" name="Central">Central</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectorName>Aswansi, W.P</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1954-10-12">12 Oct 1954</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:CFAFC3B6C3C22A47766022D21C1C4DAD" country="Ghana" name="Darko" stateProvince="Central">Darko</location>
|
||
1032
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(K)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1953-06-14" collectingDateMax="1970-05-25" collectingDateMin="1953-06-14" collectorName="Akosombo, Enti" country="Ghana" location="Morton" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Eastern">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Ghana" name="Eastern">Eastern</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectorName>Akosombo</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1970-05-25">25 May 1970</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Enti</collectorName>
|
||
1723
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(MO); Akwapim, Mampong Scarp,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1953-06-14">14 Jun 1953</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:D40674D7C2F226371792C425A30627B2" country="Ghana" name="Morton" stateProvince="Eastern">Morton</location>
|
||
s.n.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(K)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1961-05" collectorName="Accra" country="Ghana" location="Irvine" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Greater Accra">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Ghana" name="Greater Accra">Greater Accra</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectorName>Accra</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1961-05">May 1961</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:31DF92FD0D403D31B99861909CA0ADBC" country="Ghana" name="Irvine" stateProvince="Greater Accra">Irvine</location>
|
||
5095
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(K)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1960-09-16" collectorName="Adzido, Keta" country="Ghana" location="Akpabla" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Volta">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Ghana" name="Volta">Volta</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectorName>Adzido</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>Keta</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1960-09-16">16 Sep 1960</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:E57A1E1A14DB7C1964490C026D85581B" country="Ghana" name="Akpabla" stateProvince="Volta">Akpabla</location>
|
||
2117
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(K)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2012-11-01" collectorName="Diabate, Mas" country="Guinea" location="Mt. Nimba" municipality="Lola" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Nzerekore">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Guinea-Bissau">Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Nzérékoré">
|
||
<collectingRegion>Nzerekore</collectingRegion>
|
||
</normalizedToken>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Lola</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:670E50A051AFA1C76094329304E86A88" country="Guinea" municipality="Lola" name="Mt. Nimba" stateProvince="Nzerekore">Mt. Nimba</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="2012-11-01">1 Nov 2012</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Diabate</collectorName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
&
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Mas</collectorName>
|
||
1419
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(MO)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1987-09-12" collectingDateMax="2004-03-15" collectingDateMin="1987-09-12" collectorName="Argent C" country="Indonesia" location="Manusela National Park" municipality="Mt. Slamet" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Java">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Indonesia">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Indonesia" name="Jawa Timur">Java</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Indonesia" name="Jawa Tengah">Central Java</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Mt. Slamet</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="2004-03-15">15 Mar 2004</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Hoover et al. 89</emphasis>
|
||
(A);
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Seram</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:43D8D7576510085285F11B901552A742" country="Indonesia" municipality="Mt. Slamet" name="Manusela National Park" stateProvince="Java">Manusela National Park</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1987-09-12">12 Sep 1987</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Argent C</collectorName>
|
||
87-179
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(A, E)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1928-06-04" collectorName="Si Toroes" country="Indonesia" location="Karo Highlands" municipality="Berastagi" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sumatra">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Indonesia" name="Sumatera Utara">Sumatra</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: E of
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Berastagi</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:65F92C3F371F17FA2AA0E0228E63D2E6" country="Indonesia" municipality="Berastagi" name="Karo Highlands" stateProvince="Sumatra">Karo Highlands</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1928-06-04">4 Jun 1928</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Si Toroes</collectorName>
|
||
407
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(A, GH)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1973-01-04" country="Lesotho" location="Sehlabathebe" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Lesotho">Lesotho</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:13ED9540EAE2A5144E89241C74BB65A6" country="Lesotho" name="Sehlabathebe">Sehlabathebe</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1973-01-04">4 Jan 1973</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Bayliss 5476</emphasis>
|
||
(MO)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1951-02-07" collectorName="Daniel" country="Liberia" location="Gbarnga" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Central">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Liberia">Liberia</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Liberia" name="Central">Central</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<locationDeviation location="Suacoco">
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.828032" unit="mi" value="3.0">3 mi</quantity>
|
||
NE of Suacoco
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:E8ABC8490FEA5FDEC7688CCCE0E55624" country="Liberia" name="Gbarnga" stateProvince="Central">Gbarnga</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1951-02-07">7 Feb 1951</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Daniel</collectorName>
|
||
117
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(B, BM, MO)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1970-05-16" collectorName="de Koning" country="Liberia" county="Tchien" location="Fijnhout" municipality="Mim Timber Co" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Grand Gedeh">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Liberia" name="Grand Gedeh">Grand Gedeh</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingCounty>Tchien</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Mim Timber Co</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
(
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:32EB638721456FFE7A1D185608B8F01B" country="Liberia" county="Tchien" municipality="Mim Timber Co" name="Fijnhout" stateProvince="Grand Gedeh">Fijnhout</location>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingDate value="1970-05-16">16 May 1970</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>de Koning</collectorName>
|
||
519
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(MO)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1970-07-15" collectorName="Jansen" country="Liberia" location="Wologesi" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Lofa">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Liberia" name="Lofa">Lofa</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: mi along rd to
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:EE7897A38FF1510805587642C845E587" country="Liberia" name="Wologesi" stateProvince="Lofa">Wologesi</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1970-07-15">15 Jul 1970</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Jansen</collectorName>
|
||
2015
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(K, MO, P)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1962-07-27" collectorName="Leeuwenberg, Voorhoeve" country="Liberia" location="Nimba Mountains" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Nimba">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Liberia" name="Nimba">Nimba</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:09BC2A0DD60CC5ADFD0F853005849DE9" country="Liberia" name="Nimba Mountains" stateProvince="Nimba">Nimba Mountains</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1962-07-27">27 Jul 1962</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Leeuwenberg</collectorName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
&
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Voorhoeve</collectorName>
|
||
4668
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(B, K, MO, P)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2002-05-07" country="Madagascar" location="Apendzo-Jivany. Barakani" municipality="Grande Terre-Ouangani" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Antananarivo">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Madagascar">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Madagascar" name="Antananarivo">Antananarivo</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Grande Terre-Ouangani</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:F5AFD66A17BFD4D3CAB050025FC1FE04" country="Madagascar" municipality="Grande Terre-Ouangani" name="Apendzo-Jivany. Barakani" stateProvince="Antananarivo">Apendzo-Jivany. Barakani</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="2002-05-07">7 May 2002</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Barthelat et al. 885</emphasis>
|
||
(K, MO, P)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2007-11-11" country="Madagascar" location="Prov. Diego-Suarez" municipality="Mt. d'Ambre" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Antsiranana">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Madagascar" name="Antsiranana">Antsiranana</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>
|
||
Mt.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Ambre">d'Ambre</normalizedToken>
|
||
</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
, partie centrale,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:DC8E0971A286E59555E56F8D98C045A0" country="Madagascar" municipality="Mt. d'Ambre" name="Prov. Diego-Suarez" stateProvince="Antsiranana">Prov. Diego-Suarez</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="2007-11-11">11 Nov 2007</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gautier 5198</emphasis>
|
||
(K, MO)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1975-01-25" country="Madagascar" location="Cowan" municipality="Ankafana" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Fianarantsoa">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Madagascar" name="Fianarantsoa">Fianarantsoa</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Ankafana</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
, 1880,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:1479972A635FE1582372B9B82CF4C1B0" country="Madagascar" municipality="Ankafana" name="Cowan" stateProvince="Fianarantsoa">Cowan</location>
|
||
s.n.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(BM);
|
||
<locationDeviation location="Ivato on Route">
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="km" value="10.0">10 km</quantity>
|
||
W of Ivato on Route
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
35,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1975-01-25">25 Jan 1975</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Croat 29606</emphasis>
|
||
(MO)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1951-10-18" collectorName="de Tamatave" country="Madagascar" location="Toamasina" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Toamasina">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Madagascar" name="Toamasina">Toamasina</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: au km 26 de la route
|
||
<collectorName>de Tamatave</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1951-10-18">18 Oct 1951</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Benoist 147</emphasis>
|
||
(P)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1933-10" collectingDateMax="1994-04-07" collectingDateMin="1933-10" collectorName="Vallee du Mangoky, de Beroroha" country="Madagascar" county="Beroroha" location="Mt. Trafonaomby" municipality="Vallee du Mangoky" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Toliara">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Madagascar" name="Toliara">Toliara</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingCounty>Beroroha</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Vallée">Vallee</normalizedToken>
|
||
du Mangoky
|
||
</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
et de
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="l’">l'</normalizedToken>
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="Isahaina" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="genus">Isahaina</taxonomicName>
|
||
aux environs
|
||
<collectorName>de Beroroha</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1933-10">Oct 1933</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Humbert 11309</emphasis>
|
||
(K, MO, P); Andohahela RNI,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:7B52E298A11C34397B5F0C093280E41E" country="Madagascar" county="Beroroha" municipality="Vallee du Mangoky" name="Mt. Trafonaomby" stateProvince="Toliara">Mt. Trafonaomby</location>
|
||
, Taolagnaro,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1994-04-07">7 Apr 1994</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Randriamampionona 692</emphasis>
|
||
(MO, P)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1985-06-14" collectorName="A. Mpemba" country="Malawi" location="Liganga village" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Salima Distr.">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Malawi">Malawi</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Central</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Malawi" name="Salima">Salima Distr.</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:DC86169FED0320D1AB7917A748DE263B" country="Malawi" name="Liganga village" stateProvince="Salima Distr.">Liganga village</location>
|
||
<collectorName>A. Mpemba</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1985-06-14">14 Jun 1985</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Kwatha et al. 210</emphasis>
|
||
(MO);
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Malawi" name="Salima">Salima Distr.</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Luwadzi stream,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1985-06-14">14 Jun 1985</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Salubeni et al. 4242</emphasis>
|
||
(MO)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1989-03-25" country="Malawi" location="Chizumulu Island" municipality="Musalowa village" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Nkhata Bay">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Northern</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Malawi" name="Nkhata Bay">Nkhata Bay</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Musalowa village</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:91F037707A81E6626D218AA6FE8000D4" country="Malawi" municipality="Musalowa village" name="Chizumulu Island" stateProvince="Nkhata Bay">Chizumulu Island</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1989-03-25">25 Mar 1989</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Malawi" name="Balaka">Balaka</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
&
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Patel 2025</emphasis>
|
||
(K, MO)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1960-03-23" collectorName="Malawe Hill" country="Malawi" location="Port Herald" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Southern">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion>Southern</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectorName>Malawe Hill</collectorName>
|
||
, W of
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:F4615CD6FB4372FA85FBB62F2AF8BCE2" country="Malawi" name="Port Herald" stateProvince="Southern">Port Herald</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1960-03-23">23 Mar 1960</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Phipps 2653</emphasis>
|
||
(K, MO)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1962-10-09" country="Mauritania" location="Village Rosso" municipality="Rosso Administrative area" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Trarza">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Mauritania">Mauritania</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Mauritania" name="Trarza">Trarza</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Rosso Administrative area</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:71F9D1E6D369FB8DB57BD3732396A27E" country="Mauritania" municipality="Rosso Administrative area" name="Village Rosso" stateProvince="Trarza">Village Rosso</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1962-10-09">9 Oct 1962</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Adam 18728</emphasis>
|
||
(MO)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1950-07-25" country="Mozambique" location="Zambesi River" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Baroma">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Mozambique">Mozambique</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Mozambique" name="Baroma">Baroma</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="N’kanya">N'kanya</normalizedToken>
|
||
, N of
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:D757A7A919C8088DB66CB2E2A1FFF709" country="Mozambique" name="Zambesi River" stateProvince="Baroma">Zambesi River</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1950-07-25">25 Jul 1950</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chase 2857</emphasis>
|
||
(BM)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1909-06" country="Mozambique" location="Pemba" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Cabo Delgado">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Mozambique" name="Cabo Delgado">Cabo Delgado</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:7C258304C665BF4CE5E763CCE934FAFB" country="Mozambique" name="Pemba" stateProvince="Cabo Delgado">Pemba</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1909-06">Jun 1909</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Rogers 8256</emphasis>
|
||
(K)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1967-04" country="Mozambique" location="Chimanimani Mountains" municipality="Lower" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Manica">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Mozambique" name="Manica">Manica</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Lower</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
slopes of
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:70AF77A62CF70089CBE35D277DA69A98" country="Mozambique" municipality="Lower" name="Chimanimani Mountains" stateProvince="Manica">Chimanimani Mountains</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1967-04">Apr 1967</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Westwater 192954</emphasis>
|
||
(K)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1957-06-21" country="Namibia" location="Onjossariviers" municipality="Ufergestrupp" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Namibia">Namibia</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:8AA1CF57E328C7AB37D9B149EA5412F9" country="Namibia" municipality="Ufergestrupp" name="Onjossariviers">Onjossariviers</location>
|
||
, im
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Ufergestrupp</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1957-06-21">21 Jun 1957</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Seydel 1162</emphasis>
|
||
(A, K)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1979-03-13" country="New Zealand" county="Ohope" location="Taneatua Ecological District" municipality="Whakatane Ecological Region" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Bay of Plenty">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="New Zealand">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">North Island</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion country="New Zealand" name="Bay of Plenty">Bay of Plenty</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty>Ohope</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Whakatane Ecological Region</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:BE78770061546B3E5A652CAAEFFFA630" country="New Zealand" county="Ohope" municipality="Whakatane Ecological Region" name="Taneatua Ecological District" stateProvince="Bay of Plenty">Taneatua Ecological District</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1979-03-13">13 Mar 1979</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Grant s.n.</emphasis>
|
||
(AK)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1912-11-25" collectorName="Thomas" country="Nigeria" location="Ogwashi-Ukwu" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Delta">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Nigeria">Nigeria</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Nigeria" name="Delta">Delta</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: [
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:1FFE29E0410A72257171D231CDDF00FA" country="Nigeria" name="Ogwashi-Ukwu" stateProvince="Delta">Ogwashi-Ukwu</location>
|
||
],
|
||
<collectingDate value="1912-11-25">25 Nov 1912</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Thomas</collectorName>
|
||
2042
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(K)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1973-10-08" country="Nigeria" county="Nikrowa Forest Reserve" location="Iyekovia Distr." municipality="Mid-west State" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Edo">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Nigeria" name="Edo">Edo</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingCounty>Nikrowa Forest Reserve</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Mid-west State</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:15D7526641E7FEA54B78B5B7C3EE186C" country="Nigeria" county="Nikrowa Forest Reserve" municipality="Mid-west State" name="Iyekovia Distr." stateProvince="Edo">Iyekovia Distr.</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1973-10-08">8 Oct 1973</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="Daramola" lsidName="Daramola" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="genus">Daramola</taxonomicName>
|
||
FHI-72483
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(K, MO)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1948-03" collectorName="Irvine" country="Nigeria" location="10 mi E of Erugu" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Enugu">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Nigeria" name="Enugu">Enugu</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:BAD607E39F37F5589C468A6F0F0B06B5" country="Nigeria" name="10 mi E of Erugu" stateProvince="Enugu">
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.609344" unit="mi" value="10.0">10 mi</quantity>
|
||
E of Erugu
|
||
</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1948-03">Mar 1948</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Irvine</collectorName>
|
||
3607
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(K)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1977-08-18" collectorName="Fagbemi" country="Nigeria" location="Mambilla" municipality="Gemu Distr." specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Gongola">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Nigeria" name="Gongola">Gongola</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Gemu Distr.</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:03A7EF00AC0BF3158E07B9FB14334157" country="Nigeria" municipality="Gemu Distr." name="Mambilla" stateProvince="Gongola">Mambilla</location>
|
||
plateau,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1977-08-18">18 Aug 1977</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Fagbemi</collectorName>
|
||
438
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(MO)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2018-01-01" collectingDateMax="2018-12-31" collectingDateMin="2018-01-01" collectorName="Lely" country="Nigeria" location="Naraguta" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Jos">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Nigeria" name="Jos">Jos</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:24155FB740AE74AEEC5738809F18154A" country="Nigeria" name="Naraguta" stateProvince="Jos">Naraguta</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Lely</collectorName>
|
||
31
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(K)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2018-01-01" collectingDateMax="2018-12-31" collectingDateMin="2018-01-01" collectorName="Magaji" country="Nigeria" location="Zaria" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kaduna">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Nigeria" name="Kaduna">Kaduna</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:76963E5480C48A2D6D8D00BCB78A6936" country="Nigeria" name="Zaria" stateProvince="Kaduna">Zaria</location>
|
||
, 1975,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Magaji</collectorName>
|
||
MG-725
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(K)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1988-03-16" collectorName="Kano, Etkin" country="Nigeria" location="Wudil Distr" municipality="Kano" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kano">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Nigeria" name="Kano">Kano</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Kano</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:6C98D4601BBF520ACAECB45E70886918" country="Nigeria" municipality="Kano" name="Wudil Distr" stateProvince="Kano">Wudil Distr</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" unit="km" value="50.0">50 km</quantity>
|
||
SE of the city of
|
||
<collectorName>Kano</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1988-03-16">16 Mar 1988</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Etkin</collectorName>
|
||
63[b
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
] (MO)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2018-01-01" collectingDateMax="2018-12-31" collectingDateMin="2018-01-01" collectorName="Odu, SW, Van Eyenhuisen" country="Nigeria" location="Kogi" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kogi">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Nigeria" name="Kogi">Kogi</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectorName>Odu, SW</collectorName>
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Nigeria">Nigeria</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Van Eyenhuisen</collectorName>
|
||
7
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(K)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2018-01-01" collectingDateMax="2018-12-31" collectingDateMin="2018-01-01" collectorName="Lagos, Dalziel" country="Nigeria" location="Dalziel" municipality="Lagos" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Lagos">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Nigeria" name="Lagos">Lagos</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Lagos</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:31F2AC7AA75F3B1949B8647E799687B6" country="Nigeria" municipality="Lagos" name="Dalziel" stateProvince="Lagos">Dalziel</location>
|
||
1188a
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(K);
|
||
<collectorName>Lagos</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Dalziel</collectorName>
|
||
1188b
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(K)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2018-01-01" collectingDateMax="2018-12-31" collectingDateMin="2018-01-01" country="Nigeria" location="Nupe" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Niger">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Nigeria" name="Niger">Niger</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:ED89C9CDE421B9B87E52D759F8D62878" country="Nigeria" name="Nupe" stateProvince="Niger">Nupe</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Barter 1054</emphasis>
|
||
(K, P)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1979-05-02" collectorName="Osanyinlusi" country="Nigeria" county="Ikare" location="Ikare District" municipality="Oke-Agbe" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Ondo">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Nigeria" name="Ondo">Ondo</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: between
|
||
<collectingCounty>Ikare</collectingCounty>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Oke-Agbe</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:29AF743924B4946781E7CD27426C94CE" country="Nigeria" county="Ikare" municipality="Oke-Agbe" name="Ikare District" stateProvince="Ondo">Ikare District</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1979-05-02">2 May 1979</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="Daramola" lsidName="Daramola" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Daramola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
&
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Osanyinlusi</collectorName>
|
||
154
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(K)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1977-06-11" collectorName="Pilz" country="Nigeria" location="Ibadan" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Oyo">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Nigeria" name="Oyo">Oyo</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:D96E5C6C0481366490BDB918FFCA2902" country="Nigeria" name="Ibadan" stateProvince="Oyo">Ibadan</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<locationDeviation location="Polytechnic">
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" unit="km" value="7.0">7 km</quantity>
|
||
W of Polytechnic
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1977-06-11">11 Jun 1977</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Pilz</collectorName>
|
||
2108
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(K, MO)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1982-05-23" collectorName="Odewo" country="Nigeria" county="State of Gongola" location="Nguroje township" municipality="Distr. Mambilla Plateau" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Taraba">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Nigeria" name="Taraba">Taraba</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingCounty>State of Gongola</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Distr. Mambilla Plateau</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:3FD6D5F97015A6FAB6787C201D58395F" country="Nigeria" county="State of Gongola" municipality="Distr. Mambilla Plateau" name="Nguroje township" stateProvince="Taraba">Nguroje township</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1982-05-23">23 May 1982</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Odewo</collectorName>
|
||
130
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(MO)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1932-10-28" collectingDateMax="1949-01-27" collectingDateMin="1932-10-28" country="Sao Tome e Principe" location="Bom Sucesso" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Sao Tome and Principe">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
|
||
Tome e Principe
|
||
</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:356A1F86EF5072062FF6349B5B331F32" country="Sao Tome e Principe" name="Bom Sucesso">Bom Sucesso</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1949-01-27">27 Jan 1949</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Espírito">Espirito</normalizedToken>
|
||
Santo 218
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(BM); Vanhulst (
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Macambrará">Macambrara</normalizedToken>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingDate value="1932-10-28">28 Oct 1932</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Exell 89</emphasis>
|
||
(BM)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Senegal">Senegal</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
. In paludilb[us]
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="N’Boro">N'Boro</normalizedToken>
|
||
nec non ins[ula] Bonavista, 1838,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Brunner 108</emphasis>
|
||
(BM, G, W); Sin. loc., 1828,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Perrottet 555</emphasis>
|
||
(BM, W);
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Perrottet 556</emphasis>
|
||
(BM);
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1970-10-02" country="Seychelles" location="Morne Blanc" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Seychelles">Seychelles</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:B07039B650B3DF04036587A7A40CEB15" country="Seychelles" name="Morne Blanc">Morne Blanc</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1970-10-02">2 Oct 1970</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Schlieben 11670</emphasis>
|
||
(B, K)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Sierra Leone">Sierra Leone</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Eastern</emphasis>
|
||
: Kailahun, Musaia,
|
||
<date value="1946-12-19">19 Dec 1946</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Deighton 4571</emphasis>
|
||
(K);
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Northern</emphasis>
|
||
: Port Loko, Rokupr, Magbema,
|
||
<date value="1959-04-18">18 Apr 1959</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Jordan</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">1059</emphasis>
|
||
(K); Yonibana,
|
||
<date value="1914-11-12">12 Nov 1914</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Thomas 4909</emphasis>
|
||
(W);
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Western</emphasis>
|
||
: Freetown,
|
||
<date value="1965-04-28">28 Apr 1965</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Morton s.n.</emphasis>
|
||
(K).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1970-09-07" collectorName="Bayliss" country="South Africa" location="Grahamstown" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="South Africa">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingRegion country="South Africa" name="Eastern Cape">Eastern Cape</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:3C92B80B336E8C33BC36506B017B9272" country="South Africa" name="Grahamstown" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">Grahamstown</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1970-09-07">7 Sep 1970</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Bayliss</collectorName>
|
||
4594
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(A)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1969-10-30" collectorName="CD Bella Vista, Moll" country="South Africa" location="Game Reserve" municipality="Ndumu Store" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="South Africa" name="KwaZulu-Natal">KwaZulu-Natal</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: 2632
|
||
<collectorName>CD Bella Vista</collectorName>
|
||
grid, between
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Ndumu Store</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
and the
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:5A408D59880BC44F1E63C7A256E83D19" country="South Africa" municipality="Ndumu Store" name="Game Reserve" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">Game Reserve</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1969-10-30">30 Oct 1969</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Moll</collectorName>
|
||
4138
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(A, K)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1899-08" collectorName="Junod" country="South Africa" location="Shiluvane" municipality="Mopani" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Limpopo">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="South Africa" name="Limpopo">Limpopo</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Mopani</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:C06E67ADDBB423ACBAC00F0383CC1310" country="South Africa" municipality="Mopani" name="Shiluvane" stateProvince="Limpopo">Shiluvane</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1899-08">Aug 1899</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Junod</collectorName>
|
||
575
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(K)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1994-06-16" collectorName="Cole" country="South Africa" county="Okawango Delta" location="Delta" municipality="Okavango Delta" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="North West">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="South Africa" name="North West">North West</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingCounty>Okawango Delta</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Okavango Delta</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:08726E8291D7C347404847D437BDA94E" country="South Africa" county="Okawango Delta" municipality="Okavango Delta" name="Delta" stateProvince="North West">Delta</location>
|
||
camp,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1994-06-16">16 Jun 1994</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Cole</collectorName>
|
||
923
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(K)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1978-03-14" collectorName="Balsinhas, Harding" country="South Africa" location="Orange river" municipality="Augrabies Falls National Park" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Northern Cape">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="South Africa" name="Northern Cape">Northern Cape</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Augrabies Falls National Park</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:57C6A3975071F319CCE6CEE48541CC82" country="South Africa" municipality="Augrabies Falls National Park" name="Orange river" stateProvince="Northern Cape">Orange river</location>
|
||
bank,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1978-03-14">14 Mar 1978</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Balsinhas</collectorName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
&
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Harding</collectorName>
|
||
3290
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(K, MO)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1897-10-03" collectingDateMax="1980-06-06" collectingDateMin="1897-10-03" collectorName="Williams, Wolley-Dod" country="South Africa" county="Dowweklip" location="Hermanus" municipality="Voelklip" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Cape">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="South Africa" name="Western Cape">Western Cape</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingCounty>Dowweklip</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Voelklip</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:50DA42C39CE5DCC062B4D7B1159B9FC2" country="South Africa" county="Dowweklip" municipality="Voelklip" name="Hermanus" stateProvince="Western Cape">Hermanus</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1980-06-06">6 Jun 1980</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Williams</collectorName>
|
||
287
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(K, MO);
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:228E16BB113E7E49212E837E5921FADA" country="South Africa" county="Dowweklip" municipality="Voelklip" name="Skeleton Ravine" stateProvince="Western Cape">Skeleton Ravine</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1897-10-03">3 Oct 1897</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Wolley-Dod</collectorName>
|
||
3180
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(K)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1934-03-10" country="South Sudan" location="Bahr El Ghazal Prov." specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Bahr El Ghazal">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="South Sudan">South Sudan</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Bahr El Ghazal</emphasis>
|
||
: Anglo-Egyptian Sudan,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:58EEF3FC2C83A9BC46104B519E002F5E" country="South Sudan" name="Bahr El Ghazal Prov." stateProvince="Bahr El Ghazal">Bahr El Ghazal Prov.</location>
|
||
, Ibba,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1934-03-10">10 Mar 1934</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Dandy 624</emphasis>
|
||
(BM, EA)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1937-11-25" collectorName="R. Napere" country="South Sudan" location="Equatoria" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Equatoria">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion>Equatoria</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectorName>R. Napere</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1937-11-25">25 Nov 1937</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Wyld 347</emphasis>
|
||
(BM)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2005-05-31" collectorName="Kindeketa" country="Tanzania" county="Mpwapwa" location="Kibakwe Division" municipality="Mbuga Village" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Dodoma">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Tanzania">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Tanzania" name="Dodoma">Dodoma</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingCounty>Mpwapwa</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Mbuga Village</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:AE36C7662FB86B88362E053D7D170D87" country="Tanzania" county="Mpwapwa" municipality="Mbuga Village" name="Kibakwe Division" stateProvince="Dodoma">Kibakwe Division</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:EB8687139592BF385B6376C92F1340A5" country="Tanzania" county="Mpwapwa" municipality="Mbuga Village" name="Mbuga Ward" stateProvince="Dodoma">Mbuga Ward</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="2005-05-31">31 May 2005</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Kindeketa</collectorName>
|
||
et al. 2549
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(EA, MO)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1968-05-21" collectorName="Renvoize, Abdallah" country="Tanzania" location="Mpululu mountain" municipality="Ruaha National Park" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Iringa">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Tanzania" name="Iringa">Iringa</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Ruaha National Park</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
, FTEA region T7, top of
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:C77B75B747E4A917E3F090A3BC9710D4" country="Tanzania" municipality="Ruaha National Park" name="Mpululu mountain" stateProvince="Iringa">Mpululu mountain</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1968-05-21">21 May 1968</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Renvoize</collectorName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
&
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Abdallah</collectorName>
|
||
2312
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(EA, K)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1992-10-30" collectorName="Breteler" country="Tanzania" location="Bukoba" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kagera">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Tanzania" name="Kagera">Kagera</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:255FD7A0BCF1F5EA24BF5F52AECA0296" country="Tanzania" name="Bukoba" stateProvince="Kagera">Bukoba</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1992-10-30">30 Oct 1992</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Breteler</collectorName>
|
||
11599
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(MO)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2008-03-14" collectorName="Ngumbulu Village, NE, Abeid" country="Tanzania" location="Rungwe Forest Reserve" municipality="Rungwe" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Mbeya">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Tanzania" name="Mbeya">Mbeya</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Rungwe</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>Ngumbulu Village, NE</collectorName>
|
||
part of
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:4785301D17252C4B85018F0F69A2B8F7" country="Tanzania" municipality="Rungwe" name="Rungwe Forest Reserve" stateProvince="Mbeya">Rungwe Forest Reserve</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="2008-03-14">14 Mar 2008</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Abeid</collectorName>
|
||
et al. 2848
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(MO)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1935-01" collectorName="Bruce" country="Tanzania" location="Ulugurus" municipality="Tanganyika" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Morogoro">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Tanzania" name="Morogoro">Morogoro</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Tanganyika</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:D03E79EC7DCA81DF5F69D5218B84DF6D" country="Tanzania" municipality="Tanganyika" name="Ulugurus" stateProvince="Morogoro">Ulugurus</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1935-01">Jan 1935</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Bruce</collectorName>
|
||
524
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(BM, K)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1938-11" collectorName="Koritschoner" country="Tanzania" location="Shinyanga" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Shinyanga">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Tanzania" name="Shinyanga">Shinyanga</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:FAB48D603137C290DD31199855444E59" country="Tanzania" name="Shinyanga" stateProvince="Shinyanga">Shinyanga</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1938-11">Nov 1938</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Koritschoner</collectorName>
|
||
2191
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(EA, K)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1962-08-14" collectingDateMax="1976-09-22" collectingDateMin="1962-08-14" collectorName="Morton A" country="Togo" location="Lome" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Togo">Togo</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Lomé">
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:5E8386221751DCF7956016E47FD59FA2" country="Togo" name="Lome">Lome</location>
|
||
</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1976-09-22">22 Sep 1976</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ern et al. 883</emphasis>
|
||
(B); slopes of Bauman Peak,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1962-08-14">14 Aug 1962</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Morton A</collectorName>
|
||
4277
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(MO)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1990-06-16" collectorName="Rwaburindore" country="Uganda" location="Nr Kanyanya" municipality="Kyadondo Mengo" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Central">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Uganda">Uganda</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion>Central</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Kyadondo Mengo</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
(U4);
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:C4BC3F55A843B69AB553BAADB8447165" country="Uganda" municipality="Kyadondo Mengo" name="Nr Kanyanya" stateProvince="Central">Nr Kanyanya</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1990-06-16">16 Jun 1990</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Rwaburindore</collectorName>
|
||
2992
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(MO)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1980-07-05" collectorName="Rwaburindore" country="Uganda" location="Mengo" municipality="Distr." specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Mengo">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion>Mengo</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Distr.</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
W.
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:A2392FA0D02161E6B5CF62DC21208E60" country="Uganda" municipality="Distr." name="Mengo" stateProvince="Mengo">Mengo</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<locationDeviation location="Gayaza">
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.437376" unit="mi" value="4.0">4 mi</quantity>
|
||
Gayaza
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
rd,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1980-07-05">5 Jul 1980</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Rwaburindore</collectorName>
|
||
701
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(MO)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1941-11-26" collectorName="Thomas" country="Uganda" location="Yumbe" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Yumbe">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Northern</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Uganda" name="Yumbe">Yumbe</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1941-11-26">26 Nov 1941</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Thomas</collectorName>
|
||
4070
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(EA, K)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1949-02" collectingDateMax="1972-08-28" collectingDateMin="1949-02" collectorName="Goode G, Purseglove" country="Uganda" county="Kigezi" location="Bugangari" municipality="Kigezi" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion>Western</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingCounty>Kigezi</collectingCounty>
|
||
DFI,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1972-08-28">28 Aug 1972</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Goode G</collectorName>
|
||
3-72
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(K);
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Kigezi</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:3FA64580887D34B5D292FBAD949B2024" country="Uganda" county="Kigezi" municipality="Kigezi" name="Bugangari" stateProvince="Western">Bugangari</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:F3ACE8F37FB44742D49A8044A9E20C79" country="Uganda" county="Kigezi" municipality="Kigezi" name="Rhuzumbura" stateProvince="Western">Rhuzumbura</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:5DA45F080DCDF8D83779F4BC6556E721" country="Uganda" county="Kigezi" municipality="Kigezi" name="Kigezi" stateProvince="Western">Kigezi</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1949-02">Feb 1949</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Purseglove</collectorName>
|
||
2712
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(EA, K)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1996-10-01" country="United Kingdom" location="Rye House" municipality="Rye Meads Sewage Works" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Hertfordshire">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</collectingCountry>
|
||
. England
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion country="United Kingdom" name="Hertfordshire">Hertfordshire</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Rye Meads Sewage Works</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
, nr
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:D799A8B09407B5906D6A98F417CDCCF2" country="United Kingdom" municipality="Rye Meads Sewage Works" name="Rye House" stateProvince="Hertfordshire">Rye House</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1996-10-01">1 Oct 1996</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Hanson s.n.</emphasis>
|
||
(K)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1967-01-16" collectorName="Imayanga, Nyamaropa" country="Zimbabwe" location="Mashonaland Central" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Mashonaland Central">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Zimbabwe" name="Mashonaland Central">Mashonaland Central</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectorName>Imayanga</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>Nyamaropa</collectorName>
|
||
TTk,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1967-01-16">16 Jan 1967</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Biegel 1767</emphasis>
|
||
(MO)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1955-09" collectorName="Sanyam R., Zambezi R." country="Zimbabwe" location="Binga Distr." specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Matabeleland North">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Zimbabwe" name="Matabeleland North">Matabeleland North</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:892EC371A6A1E3A9F59B625AB5440DE9" country="Zimbabwe" name="Binga Distr." stateProvince="Matabeleland North">Binga Distr.</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>Sanyam R.</collectorName>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectorName>Zambezi R.</collectorName>
|
||
confluence,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1955-09">Sep 1955</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Davies 1514</emphasis>
|
||
(MO)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1971-11-10" collectingDateMax="1978-12-19" collectingDateMin="1971-11-10" collectorName="Binga" country="Zimbabwe" county="Chizarira Game Reserve" location="Wankie Distr." municipality="Busi River" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Matabeleland North">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Zimbabwe" name="Matabeleland North">Matabeleland North</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectorName>Binga</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty>Chizarira Game Reserve</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Busi River</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1971-11-10">10 Nov 1971</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Thomson 481</emphasis>
|
||
(K);
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Wankie</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:36ED999AA61574999642EADAA5F487EB" country="Zimbabwe" county="Chizarira Game Reserve" municipality="Busi River" name="Wankie Distr." stateProvince="Matabeleland North">Wankie Distr.</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:379182F366CCC2B0BB759F19B2C3F948:13AAD5892CA44EC34041DD60A8C54C2F" country="Zimbabwe" county="Chizarira Game Reserve" municipality="Busi River" name="Victoria Falls" stateProvince="Matabeleland North">Victoria Falls</location>
|
||
, Elephant Hills Hotel,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1978-12-19">19 Dec 1978</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Mshasha 144</emphasis>
|
||
(MO)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |