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<mods:title id="E408E4DDB17BC819C723EAE12E9CE0B4">Revision of the Nearctic Species of the Shore-Fly Genus Scatophila Becker (Diptera: Ephydridae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="160F6048EEEC69AC53B1EABC60F92F4B">Zatwarnicki, Tadeusz</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="FDEF8741696FBA895995FD63DA024356">Institute of Biology, Opole University, ul. Oleska 22, 45 - 052 Opole, Poland zatwar @ uni. opole. pl; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2163 - 0143</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="2FA291662344698E3B00CB04645BE1A1">Institute of Biology, Opole University, ul. Oleska 22, 45 - 052 Opole, Poland zatwar @ uni. opole. pl; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2163 - 0143 &amp; Department of Entomology, PO BOX 37012, MRC 169, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20013 - 7012, USA mathisw @ si. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 5012 - 1762 &amp; Institute of Biology, Opole University, ul. Oleska 22, 45 - 052 Opole, Poland zatwar @ uni. opole. pl; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2163 - 0143</mods:affiliation>
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Genus 
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<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A5B7B5BFF37F9E25605F9DB" bold="true" box="[238,367,1542,1569]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Scatophila</emphasis>
Becker
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<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A5B7B5BFF4EF9AF569EF999" authority="Becker 1896: 237 - 245" authorityName="Becker" authorityPageNumber="237 - 245" authorityYear="1896" box="[151,500,1611,1635]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A5B7B5BFF4EF9AF5669F999" box="[151,259,1611,1635]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Scatophila</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE94B503A5B7B5BFED3F9AF569EF999" author="Becker, T." box="[266,500,1611,1635]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="91 - 276" refId="ref68933" refString="Becker, T. (1896) Dipterologische Studien IV. Ephydridae. Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift, 41 (2), 91 - 276. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / mmnd. 48018960505" type="journal article" year="1896">Becker 1896: 237–245</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. 
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species: 
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A5B7B5BFD52F9AF536BF999" authority="Stenhammar 1844" authorityName="Stenhammar" authorityYear="1844" box="[651,1025,1611,1635]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Ephydra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caviceps">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A5B7B5BFD52F9AF542AF999" box="[651,832,1611,1635]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Ephydra caviceps</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE94B503A5B7B5BFC9FF9AF536BF999" author="Stenhammar, C." box="[838,1025,1611,1635]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="75 - 272" refId="ref70656" refString="Stenhammar, C. (1844) Forsok till Gruppering och Revision af de Svenska Ephydrinae. Kongliga Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar, Series 3, 1843, 75 - 272. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 16236" type="journal article" year="1844">Stenhammar 1844</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, by original designation.— 
<bibRefCitation id="EFE94B503A5B7B5BFACAF9AF564AF978" author="Becker, T." pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refId="ref68971" refString="Becker, T. (1905) Ephydridae. In: Becker, T., Bezzi, M., Kertesz, K. &amp; Stein, P. (Eds.), Katalog der palaarktischen Dipteren. Vol. 4. G. Wesselenyi in Hodmezovasarhely, Budapest, pp. 185 - 215." type="book" year="1905">Becker 1905: 212–214</bibRefCitation>
[Palearctic catalog]; 1926: 86–91 [review of Palearctic species].— 
<bibRefCitation id="EFE94B503A5B7B5BFC09F98E53ACF978" author="Cresson, E. T., Jr." box="[976,1222,1642,1666]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="93 - 131" refId="ref69484" refString="Cresson, E. T., Jr. (1930) Studies in the dipterous family Ephydridae. Paper III. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 56, 93 - 131." type="journal article" year="1930">Cresson 1930: 128–131</bibRefCitation>
[notes].— 
<bibRefCitation id="EFE94B503A5B7B5BFAF6F98E5687F95B" author="Sturtevant, A. H. &amp; Wheeler, M. R." pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="151 - 257" refId="ref70834" refString="Sturtevant, A. H. &amp; Wheeler, M. R. (1954) Synopses of Nearctic Ephydridae (Diptera). Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 79, 151 - 257." type="journal article" year="1954">Sturtevant and Wheeler 1954: 183–201</bibRefCitation>
[revision of 
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A5B7B5BFDAFF96D544BF95B" box="[630,801,1673,1697]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Nearctic species</taxonomicName>
].— 
<bibRefCitation id="EFE94B503A5B7B5BFC9CF96D5349F95B" author="Wirth, W. W." box="[837,1059,1673,1697]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="734 - 759" refId="ref70987" refString="Wirth, W. W. (1965) Ephydridae. In: Stone, A., Sabrosky, C. W., Wirth, W. W., Foote, R. W. &amp; Coulson, J. R. (Eds.), A Catalog of the Diptera of America North of Mexico. Handbook 276. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. C., pp. 734 - 759." type="book chapter" year="1965">Wirth 1965: 758–759</bibRefCitation>
[catalog of 
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A5B7B5BFB7AF96D523AF95B" box="[1187,1360,1673,1697]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Nearctic species</taxonomicName>
]; 1968: 27–28 [catalog of Neotropical species].— 
<bibRefCitation id="EFE94B503A5B7B5BFDA9F943542EF945" author="Dahl, R. G." box="[624,836,1703,1727]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="1 - 224" refId="ref69670" refString="Dahl, R. G. (1959) Studies on Scandinavian Ephydridae (Diptera Brachycera). Opuscula Entomologica, 15 (Supplementum), 1 - 224." type="journal article" year="1959">Dahl 1959: 127–130</bibRefCitation>
[review of Scandinavian species].— 
<bibRefCitation id="EFE94B503A5B7B5BFB63F94352F7F945" author="Papp, L." box="[1210,1437,1703,1727]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refId="ref70428" refString="Papp, L. (1975 b) Csalad: Ephydridae - vizilegyek [Family: Ephydridae - Water flies]. Fauna Hungariae. Vol. 15. Diptera II. Part 6. Akademiai Kiado, Budapest, 128 pp. [in Hungarian]" type="book" year="1975">Papp 1975b: 123–128</bibRefCitation>
[review of Hungarian species].— 
<bibRefCitation id="EFE94B503A5B7B5BFDC8F922559AF924" author="Cogan, B. H." box="[529,752,1734,1758]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="126 - 176" refId="ref69332" refString="Cogan, B. H. (1984) Family Ephydridae. In: Soos, A. &amp; Papp, L. (Eds.), Catalogue of Palaearctic Diptera Vol 10. Elsevier Science Publishers, Amsterdam, and Akademiai Kiado, Budapest, pp. 126 - 176." type="book chapter" year="1984">Cogan 1984: 169–171</bibRefCitation>
[catalog of Palearctic species].— 
<bibRefCitation id="EFE94B503A5B7B5BFBE3F922523EF924" author="Zatwarnicki, T." box="[1082,1364,1734,1758]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="277 - 298" refId="ref71260" refString="Zatwarnicki, T. (1987) New synonyms and records of Palearctic Scatophila (Diptera, Ephydridae). Polskie Pismo Entomologiczne, 57 (2), 277 - 298." type="journal article" year="1987">Zatwarnicki 1987: 277–298</bibRefCitation>
[notes, synonymies of species].— 
<bibRefCitation id="EFE94B503A5B7B5BFE0AF9015405F907" author="Zatwarnicki, T. &amp; Mathis, W. N." box="[467,879,1765,1789]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="351 - 370" refId="ref71480" refString="Zatwarnicki, T. &amp; Mathis, W. N. (1994) Phylogeny and classification of the genus Scatophila Becker (Diptera: Ephydridae). Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, 29 (4), 351 - 370. [1993] https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 21686351.1993.12277698" type="journal article" year="1994">Zatwarnicki and Mathis 1994: 351–370</bibRefCitation>
[classification, phylogeny].— 
<bibRefCitation id="EFE94B503A5B7B5BFB7CF901560AF8E1" author="Mathis, W. N. &amp; Zatwarnicki, T." pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="1 - 423" refId="ref70301" refString="Mathis, W. N. &amp; Zatwarnicki, T. (1995) A world catalog of the shore flies (Diptera: Ephydridae). International Memoirs on Entomology, 4, i - vi + 1 - 423." type="journal article" year="1995">Mathis and Zatwarnicki 1995: 281–288</bibRefCitation>
[world catalog].
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A5B7B5BFF4EF8C6561FF8A3" blockId="8.[151,1437,1611,1881]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A5B7B5BFF4EF8C656B6F8C0" authority="Frey 1954: 40" authorityName="Frey" authorityPageNumber="40" authorityYear="1954" box="[151,476,1826,1851]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Centromeromyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A5B7B5BFF4EF8C6562BF8C3" box="[151,321,1826,1849]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Centromeromyia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE94B503A5B7B5BFE90F8C756B6F8C0" author="Frey, R." box="[329,476,1826,1851]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="1 - 55" refId="ref69811" refString="Frey, R. (1954) Diptera Brachycera und Sciaridae von Tristan da Cunha (with a Contribution by J. Becquaert, Cambridge, USA). Results of the Norwegian Scientific Expedition to Tristan da Cunha, 4 (26), 1 - 55." type="journal article" year="1954">Frey 1954: 40</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<typeStatus id="54C388033A5B7B5BFE3EF8C75573F8C1" box="[487,537,1827,1851]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Type</typeStatus>
species: 
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A5B7B5BFDA0F8C65480F8C0" authority="Frey 1954" authorityName="Frey" authorityYear="1954" box="[633,1002,1826,1851]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Centromeromyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eremita">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A5B7B5BFDA0F8C6541DF8C0" box="[633,887,1826,1850]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Centromeromyia eremita</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE94B503A5B7B5BFCA6F8C75480F8C0" author="Frey, R." box="[895,1002,1826,1851]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="1 - 55" refId="ref69811" refString="Frey, R. (1954) Diptera Brachycera und Sciaridae von Tristan da Cunha (with a Contribution by J. Becquaert, Cambridge, USA). Results of the Norwegian Scientific Expedition to Tristan da Cunha, 4 (26), 1 - 55." type="journal article" year="1954">Frey 1954</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, original designation.—Zatwarnicki 1991: 329 [synonymy].
</paragraph>
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Diagnosis. 
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<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A5B7B5BFEC1F86356FAF85B" box="[280,400,1927,1953]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Scatophila</emphasis>
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is distinguished from other genera of the tribe 
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A5B7B5BFC6DF8635374F85B" box="[948,1054,1927,1953]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Scatellini">Scatellini</taxonomicName>
by the following combination of characters: 1 fronto-orbital seta (some Neotropical species have 2); costa relatively short, extended to vein 
<collectionCode id="ED69AE643A5B7B5BFAB1F84F5211F83F" box="[1384,1403,1963,1989]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">R</collectionCode>
<subScript id="17FC34E43A5B7B5BFAA2F85952FFF831" attach="left" box="[1403,1429,1981,1995]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">4+5</subScript>
; crossvein r-m distinctly distal to subcostal break.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C362652A3A5A7B59FF1EFF7354FCFE9F" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A5A7B5AFF1EFF73535AFF4B" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,609]" box="[199,1072,151,177]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
Description. Tiny to moderately small shore flies, body length 
<quantity id="4C809B443A5A7B5AFC5FFF735346FF4B" box="[902,1068,151,177]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.7" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="mm" value="1.75" valueMax="2.7" valueMin="0.8">0.80–2.70 mm</quantity>
.
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<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A5A7B5AFF1EFF5F566EFF2F" box="[199,260,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Head</emphasis>
: Frons dull usually with distinct, subshiny to shiny ocellar triangle; generally 1 fronto-orbital seta (some Neotropical species with 2). Antenna short, dark colored; pedicel setae typical; basal flagellomere round; arista almost bare, without long dorsal branches. Face projected, sometimes central portion membranous and distinctly incised or oral margin with a protruded, narrow, sometimes spine-like projection (sexual dimorphism is frequently evident in the conformation of the face); facial setae conspicuous, lateral facial setae ventrally curved, usually indistinctly from medial facial setae, inserted mostly in the middle and ventral portions of face, 4–8 setae on the oral margin. Eye nearly round or obliquely ovate. Genal seta generally present; genal height short to high, gena-to-eye ratio 0.14–0.55. Maxillary palpus elongate, mostly dark, yellow as an exception; proboscis of 
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A5A7B5AFB46FE53527DFE2B" box="[1183,1303,439,465]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A5A7B5AFB46FE53527DFE2B" box="[1183,1303,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Scatophila</emphasis>
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is generally typical for 
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A5A7B5AFEC9FE3F5610FE0F" box="[272,378,475,501]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Scatellini">Scatellini</taxonomicName>
with rounded posterodorsal margin of the rostrum (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A5A7B5AFC6DFE3F549CFE0F" box="[948,1014,475,501]" captionStart="FIGURES 3–5" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1310,1334]" captionTargetBox="[178,1435,633,1286]" captionTargetId="figure-236@9.[151,1435,633,1286]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 3–5. Morphological structures of Scatophila. 3. S. ordinaria Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, proboscis, lateral view. 4. S. ordinaria Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, cibarium, posterior view. 5. S. contaminata (Stenhammar), head and thorax, dorsal view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm (3–4), 0.2 mm (5)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210775" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210775/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
), and 5 pseudotracheae (as mentioned by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFE94B503A5A7B5AFF62FE1B5635FDE3" author="Bolwig, N." box="[187,351,511,537]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="1 - 10" refId="ref69196" refString="Bolwig, N. (1941) The head of Scatophila unicornis Czerny (Diptera). The Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London, Series A, 16 (1 - 3), 1 - 10. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 3032.1941. tb 01213. x" type="journal article" year="1941">Bolwig (1941)</bibRefCitation>
for 
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A5A7B5AFE56FE1B5518FDE3" authority="Czerny" authorityName="Czerny" box="[399,626,511,537]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unicornis">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A5A7B5AFE56FE1B557FFDE2" box="[399,533,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">S. unicornis</emphasis>
Czerny
</taxonomicName>
); pseudotracheal rings ended by attachments (
<bibRefCitation id="EFE94B503A5A7B5AFBAEFE1B527BFDE3" author="Tuxen, S. L." box="[1143,1297,511,537]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refId="ref70871" refString="Tuxen, S. L. (1944) The hot springs, their animal communities and their zoogeographical significance. Zoology of Island. Vol. 1. Part II. E. Munksgaard, Copenhagen, 206 pp." type="book" year="1944">Tuxen (1944)</bibRefCitation>
called these “scrapers”); in most 
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A5A7B5AFEA7FDC75682FDC7" box="[382,488,547,573]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Scatellini">Scatellini</taxonomicName>
the cibarium bears 2 dorsolateral parallel bands, as shown by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFE94B503A5A7B5AFB44FDC7520AFDC7" author="Andersson, H." box="[1181,1376,547,573]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="101 - 120" refId="ref68901" refString="Andersson, H. (1967) Faunistic, ecological, and taxonomical notes on Icelandic Diptera. Opuscula Entomologica, 32 (1 - 2), 101 - 120." type="journal article" year="1967">Andersson (1967</bibRefCitation>
, figs. 1 
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–1C, page 109) and 
<bibRefCitation id="EFE94B503A5A7B5AFE45FDA35504FD9B" author="Zatwarnicki, T." box="[412,622,583,609]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="659 - 682" refId="ref71343" refString="Zatwarnicki, T. (2023) Major lineages of shore flies (Diptera: Ephydridae) and resulting subfamilial classification. Annales Zoologici, 73 (4), 659 - 682. https: // doi. org / 10.3161 / 00034541 ANZ 2023.73.4.008" type="journal article" year="2023">Zatwarnicki (2023</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 23, page 668), which are reduced in 
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A5A7B5AFBE6FDA353DDFD9B" box="[1087,1207,583,609]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A5A7B5AFBE6FDA353DDFD9B" box="[1087,1207,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Scatophila</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13432A243A5A7B5AFB1FFDA35261FD9B" box="[1222,1291,583,609]" captionStart="FIGURES 3–5" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1310,1334]" captionTargetBox="[178,1435,633,1286]" captionTargetId="figure-236@9.[151,1435,633,1286]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 3–5. Morphological structures of Scatophila. 3. S. ordinaria Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, proboscis, lateral view. 4. S. ordinaria Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, cibarium, posterior view. 5. S. contaminata (Stenhammar), head and thorax, dorsal view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm (3–4), 0.2 mm (5)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210775" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210775/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF0766293A5A7B5AFF4EFAFA5688FA84" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210775" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13210775" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210775/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" startId="9.[151,264,1310,1334]" targetBox="[178,1435,633,1286]" targetPageId="9" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A5A7B5AFF4EFAFA5688FA84" blockId="9.[151,1437,1310,1406]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A5A7B5AFF4EFAFA565CFACC" bold="true" box="[151,310,1310,1334]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">FIGURES 3–5</emphasis>
. Morphological structures of 
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A5A7B5AFDB4FAFA55B3FACC" box="[621,729,1310,1334]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A5A7B5AFDB4FAFA55B3FACC" box="[621,729,1310,1334]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Scatophila</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 3. 
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A5A7B5AFCDAFAFA5301FACC" authority="Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler" authorityName="Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler" box="[771,1131,1310,1334]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ordinaria">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A5A7B5AFCDAFAFA5415FACC" box="[771,895,1310,1334]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">S. ordinaria</emphasis>
Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler
</taxonomicName>
, proboscis, lateral view. 4. 
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A5A7B5AFA50FAFA56B1FAA0" authority="Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler" authorityName="Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ordinaria">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A5A7B5AFA50FAFA579DFAA0" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">S. ordinaria</emphasis>
Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler
</taxonomicName>
, cibarium, posterior view. 5. 
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A5A7B5AFD26FAA6535AFAA0" authority="(Stenhammar)" baseAuthorityName="Stenhammar" baseAuthorityYear="1844" box="[767,1072,1346,1370]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="contaminata">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A5A7B5AFD26FAA654FDFAA0" box="[767,919,1346,1370]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">S. contaminata</emphasis>
(Stenhammar)
</taxonomicName>
, head and thorax, dorsal view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm (3–4), 0.2 mm (5).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A5A7B5AFF1EFA34556DF8F0" blockId="9.[151,1437,1488,2019]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A5A7B5AFF1EFA345672FA10" box="[199,280,1488,1514]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Thorax</emphasis>
: Mesonotum microtomentose, appearing with a multicolored pattern of bands and/or spots in many species; postsutural dorsocentral setae usually 2, rarely 3 (then with 1 presutural seta); acrostichal setae in 2 rows, extended to scutellum, equal in length; scutellum flat, disc bare, bearing 2 posterior setae laterally, basal scutellar setae smaller than apical setae; pleurae generally gray, lighter than mesonotum, posterior anepisternal seta well developed. Wing faintly to conspicuously infuscate with white spots distributed over most of wing, but exceptionally within cell r 
<subScript id="17FC34E43A5A7B5AFEF8F9735643F95F" attach="left" box="[289,297,1687,1701]" fontSize="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">1</subScript>
; costa short, extended to vein 
<collectionCode id="ED69AE643A5A7B5AFD5EF96155F0F965" box="[647,666,1669,1695]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">R</collectionCode>
<subScript id="17FC34E43A5A7B5AFD43F97255DEF95E" attach="left" box="[666,692,1686,1700]" fontSize="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">4+5</subScript>
; crossvein r-m distinctly distal to subcostal break; wings reduced in a few species; stem of halter short, head oval, white. Legs typical, usually without distinct setae (ventral row of spinulae on mid tibiae of males of some species); color of tarsi variable; tarsal claws conspicuously curved and pulvilli present below each claw.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A5A7B59FF1EF8F054FCFE9F" blockId="9.[151,1437,1488,2019]" lastBlockId="10.[151,1437,151,1041]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A5A7B5AFF1EF8F05650F8D4" box="[199,314,1812,1838]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Abdomen:</emphasis>
Tergites gray, microtomentose, sometimes with lighter posterior margins, or entirely shiny black. Male terminalia: Sternite 5 present, sternite 6 absent. Epandrium a closed plate; cercal opening circular to oval; cerci lunate to hemispherical; dorsal epandrial margin rounded, ventral epandrial margin straight or slightly convex to incised medially forming two lateral lobate process; phallapodeme elongate, curved or angular, sometimes with slightly raised keel; postgonites V-shaped, asymmetrical, usually sharply terminated posteriorly, sometimes bearing setae on dorsal margin of anterior portion; hypandrium, when present, as an inverted V-shaped structure bounded with the postgonites or as a more or less sinuous band; phallapodeme in lateral view shallowly curved or angulate, keel not evident or shallow, in ventral view usually T-shaped, with basal crossbar; aedeagus shoe-shaped in lateral view, in most species bearing narrow, un- or paired sinuous ventral process that originates from ventral side of distal aedeagal margin; ejaculatory apodeme lacking. Female Terminalia: sternite 8 divided, as 2 lateral, subquadrate sclerites, bearing a long seta on posterior margin; female cerci without prominent setae. Operculum of ventral receptacle helmet-like, somewhat round, covering extended process.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C362652A3A597B59FF1EFE8B54B0FD37" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A597B59FF1EFE8B562BFDE3" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,1041]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
Natural history.—Like most taxa included in the tribe 
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A597B59FCE0FE8B54CCFE73" box="[825,934,367,393]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Scatellini">Scatellini</taxonomicName>
, the habitats where adults of 
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A597B59FB20FE8B521BFE73" box="[1273,1393,367,393]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A597B59FB20FE8B521BFE73" box="[1273,1393,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Scatophila</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are found have sandy or muddy shores that are associated with lentic, freshwater systems, although some species are associated with inland alkaline or saline habitats. 
<bibRefCitation id="EFE94B503A597B59FD1EFE53541EFE2B" author="Deonier, D. L." box="[711,884,439,465]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="17 - 22" refId="ref69769" refString="Deonier, D. L. (1974) Biology and descriptions of immature stages of the shore fly Scatophila iowana (Diptera: Ephydridae). Iowa State Journal of Research, 49 (1), 17 - 22." type="journal article" year="1974">Deonier (1974)</bibRefCitation>
suggested that adults feed on algae and bacteria. Immature stages are known for only two species: 
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A597B59FD38FE3F54A7FE0E" box="[737,973,475,501]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unicornis">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A597B59FD38FE3F54A7FE0E" box="[737,973,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Scatophila unicornis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A597B59FBD2FE3F53B5FE0E" box="[1035,1247,475,501]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="iowana">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A597B59FBD2FE3F53B5FE0E" box="[1035,1247,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Scatophila iowana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFE94B503A597B59FB2BFE3F52F2FE0F" author="Bolwig, N." box="[1266,1432,475,501]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="129 - 137" refId="ref69079" refString="Bolwig, N. (1940 a) The description of Scatophila unicornis Czerny, 1900 (Ephydridae, Diptera). The Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London, Series B, 9, 129 - 137. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 3113.1940. tb 00363. x" type="journal article" year="1940">Bolwig 1940a</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFE94B503A597B59FF4EFE1B565EFDE3" author="Deonier, D. L." box="[151,308,511,537]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="17 - 22" refId="ref69769" refString="Deonier, D. L. (1974) Biology and descriptions of immature stages of the shore fly Scatophila iowana (Diptera: Ephydridae). Iowa State Journal of Research, 49 (1), 17 - 22." type="journal article" year="1974">Deonier 1974</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A597B59FF1EFDC754B0FD37" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,1041]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
Among shore flies, brachyptery is disproportionally expressed in species of the tribe 
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A597B59FB6FFDC75249FDC7" box="[1206,1315,547,573]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Scatellini">Scatellini</taxonomicName>
, including 
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A597B59FF4EFDA3567CFD9B" box="[151,278,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A597B59FF4EFDA35678FD9B" box="[151,274,583,609]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Scatophila</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
which has two described species with brachypterous wings: 
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A597B59FC39FDA3531AFD9B" baseAuthorityName="Krivosheina and Ozerov" baseAuthorityYear="2016" box="[992,1136,583,609]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gorodkovi">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A597B59FC39FDA3531AFD9B" box="[992,1136,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">S. gorodkovi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFE94B503A597B59FB5AFDA357B9FD7F" author="Krivosheina, M. G. &amp; Ozerov, A. L." pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="1 - 6" refId="ref70010" refString="Krivosheina, M. G. &amp; Ozerov, A. L. (2016) A new species of the shore-fly genus Scatophila Becker, 1896 (Diptera, Ephydridae) with reduced wings from Wrangel Island, Russia. Far Eastern Entomologist, 311, 1 - 6. https: // doi. org / EE 5 D 1 E 8 B- 9 A 5 D- 40 BE-A 86 A- 0528 EC 8274 FD" type="journal article" year="2016">Krivosheina and Ozerov 2016</bibRefCitation>
; 
<collectingCountry id="F36F76313A597B59FF06FD8F5647FD7F" box="[223,301,619,645]" name="Russia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Russia</collectingCountry>
. 
<collectingRegion id="49BCF8433A597B59FEE1FD8F56C3FD7F" box="[312,425,619,645]" country="Russia" name="Chukotka" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Chukotka</collectingRegion>
: Wrangel Island. Mineeva Mountains; near lemming hole), and 
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A597B59FBA0FD8F5266FD7E" baseAuthorityName="Papp" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[1145,1292,619,645]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stenoptera">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A597B59FBA0FD8F5266FD7E" box="[1145,1292,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">S. stenoptera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFE94B503A597B59FAC2FD8F52FDFD7F" author="Papp, L." box="[1307,1431,619,645]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="357 - 374" refId="ref70475" refString="Papp, L. (1979) On apterous and reduced-winged forms of the families Drosophilidae, Ephydridae, and Sphaeroceridae (Diptera). Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, 25 (3 - 4), 357 - 374." type="journal article" year="1979">Papp 1979</bibRefCitation>
; 
<collectingCountry id="F36F76313A597B59FF4EFD6B5619FD53" box="[151,371,655,681]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Papua New Guinea</collectingCountry>
. Mount Wilhelm, slightly below Brass Tarn). In addition to these described species, at least two undescribed brachypterous species are known from the austral Neotropics.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C362652A3A597B59FF1EFD33553FFBEB" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A597B59FF1EFD33553FFBEB" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,1041]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
Discussion.— 
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A597B59FEBCFD3356B7FD0B" box="[357,477,727,753]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A597B59FEBCFD3356B7FD0B" box="[357,477,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Scatophila</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
currently comprises 50 species of which most occur in the Holarctic Region (
<bibRefCitation id="EFE94B503A597B59FA94FD3356F8FCEF" author="Mathis, W. N. &amp; Zatwarnicki, T." pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="1 - 423" refId="ref70301" refString="Mathis, W. N. &amp; Zatwarnicki, T. (1995) A world catalog of the shore flies (Diptera: Ephydridae). International Memoirs on Entomology, 4, i - vi + 1 - 423." type="journal article" year="1995">Mathis and Zatwarnicki 1995</bibRefCitation>
and electronic updates). 
<bibRefCitation id="EFE94B503A597B59FD6DFD1F5372FCEF" author="Zatwarnicki, T. &amp; Mathis, W. N." box="[692,1048,763,789]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="351 - 370" refId="ref71480" refString="Zatwarnicki, T. &amp; Mathis, W. N. (1994) Phylogeny and classification of the genus Scatophila Becker (Diptera: Ephydridae). Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, 29 (4), 351 - 370. [1993] https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 21686351.1993.12277698" type="journal article" year="1994">Zatwarnicki and Mathis (1994)</bibRefCitation>
proposed nine species groups for these species on a global basis, and of the nine species groups, five include species that are found in the 
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A597B59FAE4FCFB52F6FCC3" box="[1341,1436,799,825]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Nearctic" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Nearctic</taxonomicName>
Region. The species groups were characterized primarily using structures of the male terminalia and these structures are likewise used extensively herein to recognize species. To facilitate the identification of species and to provide morphological evidence for how these species are classified, we provide detailed illustrations and descriptions of these structures, most for the first time. In addition, numerous photographs of key external characters are included. 
<collectionCode id="ED69AE643A597B59FF4EFC3757C0FC17" box="[151,170,979,1005]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="Herbarium">A</collectionCode>
key to the five species groups found in the 
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A597B59FD4FFC37559FFC17" box="[662,757,979,1005]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Nearctic" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Nearctic</taxonomicName>
Region follows this discussion and is immediately followed by a key to the known 
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A597B59FE4FFC13553FFBEB" box="[406,597,1015,1041]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Nearctic" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">Nearctic species.</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C362652A3A597B5FFF4EFB8752F6FA87" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="key">
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A597B59FF4EFB8756E1FB5A" blockId="10.[151,1436,1122,1185]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A597B59FF4EFB8756E1FB5A" bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
Key to Species Groups of 
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A597B59FE00FB865530FB87" authority="Occurring" authorityName="Occurring" box="[473,602,1122,1149]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A597B59FE00FB865530FB87" bold="true" box="[473,602,1122,1149]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Scatophila</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Occurring in the Nearctic Region based primarily on structures of the male terminalia
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<keyStep id="308C2E043A597B59FF4EFB2852F6FAE1" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A597B59FF4EFB2852F6FB1B" blockId="10.[151,1436,1228,1631]" box="[151,1436,1228,1250]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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1. Aedeagus lacking a ventral process (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FD9BFB2855F8FB1B" box="[578,658,1228,1250]" captionStart="FIGURES 11–13" captionStartId="15.[151,264,1209,1233]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,1177]" captionTargetId="figure-27@15.[151,1435,181,1185]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 11–13. Male terminalia of Scatophila contaminata (Stenhammar). 11. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 12. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 13. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210779" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210779/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Figs. 13</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FD45FB2855DCFB1B" box="[668,694,1228,1249]" captionStart="FIGURES 18–20" captionStartId="17.[151,264,925,949]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,893]" captionTargetId="figure-27@17.[151,1435,181,901]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 18–20. Male terminalia of Scatophila exilis Cresson. 18. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 19. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 20. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210783" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210783/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">20</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FD19FB2855B0FB1B" box="[704,730,1228,1249]" captionStart="FIGURES 27–29" captionStartId="21.[151,264,1176,1200]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,1144]" captionTargetId="figure-27@21.[151,1435,181,1152]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURES 27–29. Male terminalia of Scatophila angusta sp. nov. 27. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 28. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 29. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210789" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210789/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">29</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FD3DFB285597FB18" box="[740,765,1228,1250]" captionStart="FIGURES 34–36" captionStartId="24.[151,264,1080,1104]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,1049]" captionTargetId="figure-30@24.[151,1435,181,1057]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURES 34–36. Male terminalia of Scatophila variabilis Cresson. 34. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 35. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 36. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210795" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210795/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">36</figureCitation>
)...................................................... 2
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A597B59FF4EFB0D52F6FAE1" blockId="10.[151,1436,1228,1631]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<keyLead id="308995943A597B59FF4EFB0D52F6FAE1" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
- Aedeagus with a ventral process, sinuous (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FD58FB0D55B8FB04" box="[641,722,1257,1279]" captionStart="FIGURES 42–44" captionStartId="30.[151,264,863,887]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,831]" captionTargetId="figure-30@30.[151,1435,181,839]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 42–44. Male terminalia of Scatophila adamsi Cresson. 42. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 43. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 44. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210801" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210801/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Figs. 44</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FD04FB0D559DFB05" box="[733,759,1257,1279]" captionStart="FIGURES 53–55" captionStartId="33.[151,264,1268,1292]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,605,1237]" captionTargetId="figure-214@33.[151,1435,597,1245]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURES 53–55. Male terminalia of Scatophila hesperia Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 53. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 54. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 55. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210809" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210809/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">55</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FCDBFB0D5476FB05" box="[770,796,1257,1279]" captionStart="FIGURES 61–63" captionStartId="36.[151,264,898,922]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,866]" captionTargetId="figure-30@36.[151,1435,181,874]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURES 61–63. Male terminalia of Scatophila iowana Wheeler. 61. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 62. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 63. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210813" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210813/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">63</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FCFEFB0D542BFB04" box="[807,833,1257,1278]" captionStart="FIGURES 67–70" captionStartId="38.[151,264,1144,1168]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,1112]" captionTargetId="figure-30@38.[151,1435,181,1121]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIGURES 67–70. Male terminalia of Scatophila mesogramma (Loew). 67. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 68. Same, lateral view. 69. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 70. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210819" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210819/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">70</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FC95FB0D540CFB04" box="[844,870,1257,1278]" captionStart="FIGURES 77–80" captionStartId="43.[151,264,993,1017]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,961]" captionTargetId="figure-27@43.[151,1435,181,969]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIGURES 77–80. Male terminalia of Scatophila ordinaria Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 77. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 78. Same, lateral view. 79. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 80. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210827" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210827/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">80</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FCA8FB0D54E1FB04" box="[881,907,1257,1278]" captionStart="FIGURES 86–88" captionStartId="46.[151,264,983,1007]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,952]" captionTargetId="figure-30@46.[151,1435,181,960]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURES 86–88. Male terminalia of Scatophila viridella Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 86. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 87. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 88. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210833" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210833/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">88</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FC4FFB0D54DAFB04" box="[918,944,1257,1278]" captionStart="FIGURES 97–99" captionStartId="50.[151,264,1195,1219]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,425,1164]" captionTargetId="figure-153@50.[151,1435,417,1172]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURES 97–99. Male terminalia of Scatophila bolwigi sp. nov. 97. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 98. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 99. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210841" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210841/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">99</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FC62FB0D548BFB05" box="[955,993,1257,1279]" captionStart="FIGURES 104–106" captionStartId="52.[151,264,937,961]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,904]" captionTargetId="figure-30@52.[151,1435,181,913]" captionTargetPageId="52" captionText="FIGURES 104–106. Male terminalia of Scatophila hirtirostris Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 104. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 105. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 106. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210845" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210845/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">106</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FC35FB0D537BFB04" box="[1004,1041,1257,1278]" captionStart="FIGURES 115–118" captionStartId="56.[151,264,1233,1257]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,1201]" captionTargetId="figure-30@56.[151,1435,181,1209]" captionTargetPageId="56" captionText="FIGURES 115–118. Male terminalia of Scatophila tuberculosa Cresson. 115. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 116. Same, lateral view. 117. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 118. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210855" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210855/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">118</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FBC5FB0D5328FB04" box="[1052,1090,1257,1278]" captionStart="FIGURES 122–124" captionStartId="57.[151,264,1798,1822]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,968,1766]" captionTargetId="figure-59@57.[151,1435,960,1774]" captionTargetPageId="57" captionText="FIGURES 122–124. Male terminalia of Scatophila unicornis Czerny. 122. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 123. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 124. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210859" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210859/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">124</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FB94FB0D5319FB05" box="[1101,1139,1257,1279]" captionStart="FIGURES 134–136" captionStartId="62.[151,264,1325,1349]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,497,1293]" captionTargetId="figure-159@62.[151,1435,489,1301]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="FIGURES 134–136. Male terminalia of Scatophila variofacialis Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 134. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 135. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 136. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210867" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210867/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">136</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FBA4FB0D53C9FB04" box="[1149,1187,1257,1278]" captionStart="FIGURES 142–144" captionStartId="65.[151,264,1018,1042]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,987]" captionTargetId="figure-27@65.[151,1435,181,995]" captionTargetPageId="65" captionText="FIGURES 142–144. Male terminalia of Scatophila arenaria Cresson. 142. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 143. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 144. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210873" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210873/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">144</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FB77FB0D53BEFB05" box="[1198,1236,1257,1279]" captionStart="FIGURES 153–155" captionStartId="68.[151,264,1009,1033]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,977]" captionTargetId="figure-30@68.[151,1435,181,985]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="FIGURES 153–155. Male terminalia of Scatophila bipiliaris Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 153. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 154. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 155. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210883" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210883/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">155</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FB06FB0D526FFB05" box="[1247,1285,1257,1279]" captionStart="FIGURES 164–166" captionStartId="72.[151,264,1285,1309]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,317,1253]" captionTargetId="figure-84@72.[151,1435,309,1261]" captionTargetPageId="72" captionText="FIGURES 164–166. Male terminalia of Scatophila bisignata Cresson. 164. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 165. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 166. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210895" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210895/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">166</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FAC9FB0D525CFB04" box="[1296,1334,1257,1278]" captionStart="FIGURES 172–174" captionStartId="75.[151,264,1078,1102]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,1047]" captionTargetId="figure-27@75.[151,1435,181,1055]" captionTargetPageId="75" captionText="FIGURES 172–174. Male terminalia of Scatophila conifera Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 172. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 173. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 174. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210903" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210903/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">174</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FA98FB0D520DFB04" box="[1345,1383,1257,1278]" captionStart="FIGURES 180–182" captionStartId="77.[151,264,1578,1602]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,821,1547]" captionTargetId="figure-294@77.[151,1435,813,1555]" captionTargetPageId="77" captionText="FIGURES 180–182. Male terminalia of Scatophila cribrata (Stenhammar). 180. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 181. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 182. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210909" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210909/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">182</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FAABFB0D52F2FB04" box="[1394,1432,1257,1278]" captionStart="FIGURES 188–190" captionStartId="81.[151,264,1066,1090]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,1033]" captionTargetId="figure-27@81.[151,1435,181,1041]" captionTargetPageId="81" captionText="FIGURES 188–190. Male terminalia of Scatophila disjuncta Cresson. 188. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 189. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 190. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210919" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210919/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">190</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FF3BFAE25662FAE1" box="[226,264,1286,1307]" captionStart="FIGURES 199–201" captionStartId="84.[151,264,1581,1605]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,713,1549]" captionTargetId="figure-264@84.[151,1435,705,1557]" captionTargetPageId="84" captionText="FIGURES 199–201. Male terminalia of Scatophila hirsuta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 199. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 200. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 201. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210933" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210933/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">201</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FECBFAE25652FAE1" box="[274,312,1286,1307]" captionStart="FIGURES 205–207" captionStartId="86.[151,264,1013,1037]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,981]" captionTargetId="figure-30@86.[151,1435,181,989]" captionTargetPageId="86" captionText="FIGURES 205–207. Male terminalia of Scatophila mystacina sp. nov. 205. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 206. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 207. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210939" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210939/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">207</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FE9BFAE25602FAE1" box="[322,360,1286,1307]" captionStart="FIGURES 212–214" captionStartId="88.[151,264,1010,1034]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,977]" captionTargetId="figure-30@88.[151,1435,181,985]" captionTargetPageId="88" captionText="FIGURES 212–214. Male terminalia of Scatophila picta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 212. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 213. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 214. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210945" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210945/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">214</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FEABFAE256F2FAE1" box="[370,408,1286,1307]" captionStart="FIGURES 226–228" captionStartId="92.[151,264,994,1018]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,962]" captionTargetId="figure-30@92.[151,1435,181,970]" captionTargetPageId="92" captionText="FIGURES 226–228. Male terminalia of Scatophila pulchra Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 226. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 227. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 228. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210957" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210957/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">228</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FE7BFAE256ADFAE6" box="[418,455,1286,1308]" captionStart="FIGURES 233–235" captionStartId="95.[151,264,1662,1686]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,821,1631]" captionTargetId="figure-339@95.[151,1435,813,1639]" captionTargetPageId="95" captionText="FIGURES 233–235. Male terminalia of Scatophila rubribrunnea Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 233. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 234. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 235. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210963" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210963/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">235</figureCitation>
)................................................................................ 3
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="308C2E043A597B59FF4EFAC052F6FAAC" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A597B59FF4EFAC052F6FAC3" blockId="10.[151,1436,1228,1631]" box="[151,1436,1315,1338]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<keyLead id="308995943A597B59FF4EFAC052F6FAC3" box="[151,1436,1315,1338]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
2. Neohypandrium absent (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FE17FAC05529FAC3" box="[462,579,1316,1338]" captionStart="FIGURES 27–29" captionStartId="21.[151,264,1176,1200]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,1144]" captionTargetId="figure-27@21.[151,1435,181,1152]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURES 27–29. Male terminalia of Scatophila angusta sp. nov. 27. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 28. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 29. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210789" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210789/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Figs. 28–29</figureCitation>
; 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FD94FAC755E0FAC3" box="[589,650,1315,1337]" captionStart="FIGURES 34–36" captionStartId="24.[151,264,1080,1104]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,1049]" captionTargetId="figure-30@24.[151,1435,181,1057]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURES 34–36. Male terminalia of Scatophila variabilis Cresson. 34. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 35. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 36. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210795" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210795/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">35–36</figureCitation>
)................................................ The 
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A597B59FADCFAC05233FAC3" authorityName="Haliday" authorityYear="1839" box="[1285,1369,1316,1337]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Ephydra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="despecta">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A597B59FADCFAC05233FAC3" box="[1285,1369,1316,1337]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">despecta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Group
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A597B59FF4EFAA552F6FAAC" blockId="10.[151,1436,1228,1631]" box="[151,1436,1345,1367]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<keyLead id="308995943A597B59FF4EFAA552F6FAAC" box="[151,1436,1345,1367]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
- Neohypandrium present (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FE0FFAA55520FAAC" box="[470,586,1345,1367]" captionStart="FIGURES 11–13" captionStartId="15.[151,264,1209,1233]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,1177]" captionTargetId="figure-27@15.[151,1435,181,1185]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 11–13. Male terminalia of Scatophila contaminata (Stenhammar). 11. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 12. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 13. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210779" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210779/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Figs. 12–13</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FD8DFAA555FBFAAC" box="[596,657,1345,1366]" captionStart="FIGURES 18–20" captionStartId="17.[151,264,925,949]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,893]" captionTargetId="figure-27@17.[151,1435,181,901]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 18–20. Male terminalia of Scatophila exilis Cresson. 18. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 19. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 20. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210783" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210783/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">19–20</figureCitation>
)............................................. The 
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<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A597B59FB38FAA65233FAAD" box="[1249,1369,1346,1367]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">contaminata</emphasis>
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Group
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</paragraph>
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<keyStep id="308C2E043A597B59FF4EFABA52F6FA54" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A597B59FF4EFABA52F6FA89" blockId="10.[151,1436,1228,1631]" box="[151,1436,1374,1396]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<keyLead id="308995943A597B59FF4EFABA52F6FA89" box="[151,1436,1374,1396]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
3. Fold on dorsal aedeagal opening convex with lateral processes (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FC9EFABA54FDFA89" box="[839,919,1374,1396]" captionStart="FIGURES 42–44" captionStartId="30.[151,264,863,887]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,831]" captionTargetId="figure-30@30.[151,1435,181,839]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 42–44. Male terminalia of Scatophila adamsi Cresson. 42. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 43. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 44. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210801" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210801/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Figs. 43</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FC78FABA54D1FA8E" box="[929,955,1374,1396]" captionStart="FIGURES 53–55" captionStartId="33.[151,264,1268,1292]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,605,1237]" captionTargetId="figure-214@33.[151,1435,597,1245]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURES 53–55. Male terminalia of Scatophila hesperia Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 53. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 54. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 55. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210809" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210809/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">54</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FC1CFABA54B5FA8E" box="[965,991,1374,1396]" captionStart="FIGURES 61–63" captionStartId="36.[151,264,898,922]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,866]" captionTargetId="figure-30@36.[151,1435,181,874]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURES 61–63. Male terminalia of Scatophila iowana Wheeler. 61. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 62. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 63. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210813" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210813/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">62</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FC30FABA5369FA8E" box="[1001,1027,1374,1396]" captionStart="FIGURES 67–70" captionStartId="38.[151,264,1144,1168]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,1112]" captionTargetId="figure-30@38.[151,1435,181,1121]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIGURES 67–70. Male terminalia of Scatophila mesogramma (Loew). 67. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 68. Same, lateral view. 69. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 70. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210819" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210819/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">69</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FBD4FABA534DFA89" box="[1037,1063,1374,1395]" captionStart="FIGURES 77–80" captionStartId="43.[151,264,993,1017]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,961]" captionTargetId="figure-27@43.[151,1435,181,969]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIGURES 77–80. Male terminalia of Scatophila ordinaria Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 77. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 78. Same, lateral view. 79. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 80. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210827" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210827/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">79</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FBE8FABA5320FA89" box="[1073,1098,1374,1395]" captionStart="FIGURES 86–88" captionStartId="46.[151,264,983,1007]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,952]" captionTargetId="figure-30@46.[151,1435,181,960]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURES 86–88. Male terminalia of Scatophila viridella Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 86. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 87. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 88. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210833" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210833/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">87</figureCitation>
)....... The 
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<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A597B59FB01FABB5233FA8E" box="[1240,1369,1375,1396]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">mesogramma</emphasis>
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Group
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A597B59FF4EFA9852F6FA54" blockId="10.[151,1436,1228,1631]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<keyLead id="308995943A597B59FF4EFA9852F6FA54" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
- Fold on dorsal aedeagal opening generally angulate, sometimes incised medially, but without lateral processes (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FACEFA985202FA6B" box="[1303,1384,1404,1426]" captionStart="FIGURES 97–99" captionStartId="50.[151,264,1195,1219]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,425,1164]" captionTargetId="figure-153@50.[151,1435,417,1172]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURES 97–99. Male terminalia of Scatophila bolwigi sp. nov. 97. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 98. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 99. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210841" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210841/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Figs. 99</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FAABFA9852F2FA68" box="[1394,1432,1404,1426]" captionStart="FIGURES 104–106" captionStartId="52.[151,264,937,961]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,904]" captionTargetId="figure-30@52.[151,1435,181,913]" captionTargetPageId="52" captionText="FIGURES 104–106. Male terminalia of Scatophila hirtirostris Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 104. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 105. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 106. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210845" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210845/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">106</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FF3BFA7D566DFA54" box="[226,263,1433,1454]" captionStart="FIGURES 115–118" captionStartId="56.[151,264,1233,1257]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,1201]" captionTargetId="figure-30@56.[151,1435,181,1209]" captionTargetPageId="56" captionText="FIGURES 115–118. Male terminalia of Scatophila tuberculosa Cresson. 115. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 116. Same, lateral view. 117. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 118. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210855" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210855/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">118</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FEC8FA7D565DFA54" box="[273,311,1433,1454]" captionStart="FIGURES 122–124" captionStartId="57.[151,264,1798,1822]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,968,1766]" captionTargetId="figure-59@57.[151,1435,960,1774]" captionTargetPageId="57" captionText="FIGURES 122–124. Male terminalia of Scatophila unicornis Czerny. 122. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 123. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 124. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210859" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210859/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">124</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FE98FA7D560DFA55" box="[321,359,1433,1455]" captionStart="FIGURES 134–136" captionStartId="62.[151,264,1325,1349]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,497,1293]" captionTargetId="figure-159@62.[151,1435,489,1301]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="FIGURES 134–136. Male terminalia of Scatophila variofacialis Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 134. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 135. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 136. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210867" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210867/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">136</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FEA8FA7D56FDFA54" box="[369,407,1433,1454]" captionStart="FIGURES 142–144" captionStartId="65.[151,264,1018,1042]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,987]" captionTargetId="figure-27@65.[151,1435,181,995]" captionTargetPageId="65" captionText="FIGURES 142–144. Male terminalia of Scatophila arenaria Cresson. 142. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 143. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 144. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210873" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210873/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">144</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FE78FA7D56ADFA55" box="[417,455,1433,1455]" captionStart="FIGURES 153–155" captionStartId="68.[151,264,1009,1033]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,977]" captionTargetId="figure-30@68.[151,1435,181,985]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="FIGURES 153–155. Male terminalia of Scatophila bipiliaris Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 153. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 154. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 155. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210883" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210883/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">155</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FE08FA7D569DFA55" box="[465,503,1433,1455]" captionStart="FIGURES 164–166" captionStartId="72.[151,264,1285,1309]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,317,1253]" captionTargetId="figure-84@72.[151,1435,309,1261]" captionTargetPageId="72" captionText="FIGURES 164–166. Male terminalia of Scatophila bisignata Cresson. 164. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 165. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 166. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210895" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210895/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">166</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FDD8FA7D554DFA54" box="[513,551,1433,1454]" captionStart="FIGURES 172–174" captionStartId="75.[151,264,1078,1102]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,1047]" captionTargetId="figure-27@75.[151,1435,181,1055]" captionTargetPageId="75" captionText="FIGURES 172–174. Male terminalia of Scatophila conifera Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 172. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 173. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 174. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210903" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210903/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">174</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FDE8FA7D553DFA54" box="[561,599,1433,1454]" captionStart="FIGURES 180–182" captionStartId="77.[151,264,1578,1602]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,821,1547]" captionTargetId="figure-294@77.[151,1435,813,1555]" captionTargetPageId="77" captionText="FIGURES 180–182. Male terminalia of Scatophila cribrata (Stenhammar). 180. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 181. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 182. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210909" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210909/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">182</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FDB8FA7D55EDFA54" box="[609,647,1433,1454]" captionStart="FIGURES 188–190" captionStartId="81.[151,264,1066,1090]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,1033]" captionTargetId="figure-27@81.[151,1435,181,1041]" captionTargetPageId="81" captionText="FIGURES 188–190. Male terminalia of Scatophila disjuncta Cresson. 188. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 189. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 190. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210919" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210919/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">190</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FD48FA7D55DDFA54" box="[657,695,1433,1454]" captionStart="FIGURES 199–201" captionStartId="84.[151,264,1581,1605]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,713,1549]" captionTargetId="figure-264@84.[151,1435,705,1557]" captionTargetPageId="84" captionText="FIGURES 199–201. Male terminalia of Scatophila hirsuta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 199. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 200. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 201. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210933" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210933/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">201</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FD18FA7D558DFA54" box="[705,743,1433,1454]" captionStart="FIGURES 205–207" captionStartId="86.[151,264,1013,1037]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,981]" captionTargetId="figure-30@86.[151,1435,181,989]" captionTargetPageId="86" captionText="FIGURES 205–207. Male terminalia of Scatophila mystacina sp. nov. 205. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 206. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 207. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210939" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210939/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">207</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FD28FA7D547DFA54" box="[753,791,1433,1454]" captionStart="FIGURES 212–214" captionStartId="88.[151,264,1010,1034]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,977]" captionTargetId="figure-30@88.[151,1435,181,985]" captionTargetPageId="88" captionText="FIGURES 212–214. Male terminalia of Scatophila picta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 212. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 213. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 214. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210945" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210945/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">214</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FCF8FA7D542DFA54" box="[801,839,1433,1454]" captionStart="FIGURES 226–228" captionStartId="92.[151,264,994,1018]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,962]" captionTargetId="figure-30@92.[151,1435,181,970]" captionTargetPageId="92" captionText="FIGURES 226–228. Male terminalia of Scatophila pulchra Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 226. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 227. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 228. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210957" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210957/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">228</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FC88FA7D541CFA55" box="[849,886,1433,1455]" captionStart="FIGURES 233–235" captionStartId="95.[151,264,1662,1686]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,821,1631]" captionTargetId="figure-339@95.[151,1435,813,1639]" captionTargetPageId="95" captionText="FIGURES 233–235. Male terminalia of Scatophila rubribrunnea Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 233. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 234. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 235. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210963" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210963/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">235</figureCitation>
)............................................ 4
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<paragraph id="8BC736A13A597B59FF4EFA5252F6F9FC" blockId="10.[151,1436,1228,1631]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<keyLead id="308995943A597B59FF4EFA5252F6F9FC" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
4. Fold on dorsal aedeagal opening incised medially or broadly semicircular (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FC10FA525371FA31" box="[969,1051,1462,1484]" captionStart="FIGURES 97–99" captionStartId="50.[151,264,1195,1219]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,425,1164]" captionTargetId="figure-153@50.[151,1435,417,1172]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURES 97–99. Male terminalia of Scatophila bolwigi sp. nov. 97. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 98. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 99. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210841" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210841/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Figs. 98</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FBF1FA525324FA36" box="[1064,1102,1462,1484]" captionStart="FIGURES 104–106" captionStartId="52.[151,264,937,961]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,904]" captionTargetId="figure-30@52.[151,1435,181,913]" captionTargetPageId="52" captionText="FIGURES 104–106. Male terminalia of Scatophila hirtirostris Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 104. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 105. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 106. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210845" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210845/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">105</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FB83FA525315FA31" box="[1114,1151,1462,1483]" captionStart="FIGURES 115–118" captionStartId="56.[151,264,1233,1257]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,1201]" captionTargetId="figure-30@56.[151,1435,181,1209]" captionTargetPageId="56" captionText="FIGURES 115–118. Male terminalia of Scatophila tuberculosa Cresson. 115. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 116. Same, lateral view. 117. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 118. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210855" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210855/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">117</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FB55FA5253D8FA31" box="[1164,1202,1462,1483]" captionStart="FIGURES 122–124" captionStartId="57.[151,264,1798,1822]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,968,1766]" captionTargetId="figure-59@57.[151,1435,960,1774]" captionTargetPageId="57" captionText="FIGURES 122–124. Male terminalia of Scatophila unicornis Czerny. 122. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 123. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 124. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210859" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210859/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">123</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FB67FA52538FFA36" box="[1214,1253,1462,1484]" captionStart="FIGURES 134–136" captionStartId="62.[151,264,1325,1349]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,497,1293]" captionTargetId="figure-159@62.[151,1435,489,1301]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="FIGURES 134–136. Male terminalia of Scatophila variofacialis Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 134. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 135. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 136. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210867" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210867/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">135</figureCitation>
); sometimes distal margin of epandrium with lateral processes or with broad medial projection (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FC1DFA30537EFA13" box="[964,1044,1492,1514]" captionStart="FIGURES 97–99" captionStartId="50.[151,264,1195,1219]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,425,1164]" captionTargetId="figure-153@50.[151,1435,417,1172]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURES 97–99. Male terminalia of Scatophila bolwigi sp. nov. 97. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 98. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 99. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210841" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210841/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Figs. 97</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FBC7FA30532EFA13" box="[1054,1092,1492,1513]" captionStart="FIGURES 104–106" captionStartId="52.[151,264,937,961]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,904]" captionTargetId="figure-30@52.[151,1435,181,913]" captionTargetPageId="52" captionText="FIGURES 104–106. Male terminalia of Scatophila hirtirostris Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 104. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 105. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 106. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210845" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210845/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">104</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FB97FA305319FA10" box="[1102,1139,1492,1514]" captionStart="FIGURES 115–118" captionStartId="56.[151,264,1233,1257]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,1201]" captionTargetId="figure-30@56.[151,1435,181,1209]" captionTargetPageId="56" captionText="FIGURES 115–118. Male terminalia of Scatophila tuberculosa Cresson. 115. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 116. Same, lateral view. 117. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 118. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210855" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210855/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">116</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FBA4FA3053C9FA13" box="[1149,1187,1492,1513]" captionStart="FIGURES 122–124" captionStartId="57.[151,264,1798,1822]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,968,1766]" captionTargetId="figure-59@57.[151,1435,960,1774]" captionTargetPageId="57" captionText="FIGURES 122–124. Male terminalia of Scatophila unicornis Czerny. 122. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 123. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 124. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210859" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210859/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">122</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FB74FA3053B8FA13" box="[1197,1234,1492,1513]" captionStart="FIGURES 134–136" captionStartId="62.[151,264,1325,1349]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,497,1293]" captionTargetId="figure-159@62.[151,1435,489,1301]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="FIGURES 134–136. Male terminalia of Scatophila variofacialis Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 134. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 135. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 136. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210867" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210867/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">134</figureCitation>
)..................................................................................................... The 
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A597B59FAC8FA155233F9FC" box="[1297,1369,1521,1542]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">noctula</emphasis>
Group
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A597B59FF4EF9EB52F6F9A4" blockId="10.[151,1436,1228,1631]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<keyLead id="308995943A597B59FF4EF9EB52F6F9A4" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
- Fold on dorsal aedeagal opening with medial process or exceptionally flat (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FC61F9EA537FF9D9" box="[952,1045,1550,1572]" captionStart="FIGURES 142–144" captionStartId="65.[151,264,1018,1042]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,987]" captionTargetId="figure-27@65.[151,1435,181,995]" captionTargetPageId="65" captionText="FIGURES 142–144. Male terminalia of Scatophila arenaria Cresson. 142. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 143. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 144. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210873" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210873/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Figs. 143</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FBC6F9EA532FF9DE" box="[1055,1093,1550,1572]" captionStart="FIGURES 153–155" captionStartId="68.[151,264,1009,1033]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,977]" captionTargetId="figure-30@68.[151,1435,181,985]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="FIGURES 153–155. Male terminalia of Scatophila bipiliaris Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 153. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 154. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 155. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210883" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210883/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">154</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FB89F9EA531CF9DE" box="[1104,1142,1550,1572]" captionStart="FIGURES 164–166" captionStartId="72.[151,264,1285,1309]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,317,1253]" captionTargetId="figure-84@72.[151,1435,309,1261]" captionTargetPageId="72" captionText="FIGURES 164–166. Male terminalia of Scatophila bisignata Cresson. 164. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 165. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 166. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210895" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210895/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">165</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FB59F9EA53CCF9D9" box="[1152,1190,1550,1571]" captionStart="FIGURES 172–174" captionStartId="75.[151,264,1078,1102]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,1047]" captionTargetId="figure-27@75.[151,1435,181,1055]" captionTargetPageId="75" captionText="FIGURES 172–174. Male terminalia of Scatophila conifera Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 172. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 173. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 174. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210903" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210903/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">173</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FB68F9EA53BDF9D9" box="[1201,1239,1550,1571]" captionStart="FIGURES 180–182" captionStartId="77.[151,264,1578,1602]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,821,1547]" captionTargetId="figure-294@77.[151,1435,813,1555]" captionTargetPageId="77" captionText="FIGURES 180–182. Male terminalia of Scatophila cribrata (Stenhammar). 180. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 181. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 182. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210909" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210909/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">181</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FB38F9EA526DF9D9" box="[1249,1287,1550,1571]" captionStart="FIGURES 188–190" captionStartId="81.[151,264,1066,1090]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,1033]" captionTargetId="figure-27@81.[151,1435,181,1041]" captionTargetPageId="81" captionText="FIGURES 188–190. Male terminalia of Scatophila disjuncta Cresson. 188. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 189. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 190. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210919" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210919/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">189</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FAC8F9EA525DF9D9" box="[1297,1335,1550,1571]" captionStart="FIGURES 199–201" captionStartId="84.[151,264,1581,1605]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,713,1549]" captionTargetId="figure-264@84.[151,1435,705,1557]" captionTargetPageId="84" captionText="FIGURES 199–201. Male terminalia of Scatophila hirsuta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 199. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 200. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 201. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210933" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210933/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">200</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FA9BF9EA5202F9DE" box="[1346,1384,1550,1572]" captionStart="FIGURES 205–207" captionStartId="86.[151,264,1013,1037]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,981]" captionTargetId="figure-30@86.[151,1435,181,989]" captionTargetPageId="86" captionText="FIGURES 205–207. Male terminalia of Scatophila mystacina sp. nov. 205. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 206. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 207. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210939" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210939/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">206</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FAABF9EA52F2F9D9" box="[1394,1432,1550,1571]" captionStart="FIGURES 212–214" captionStartId="88.[151,264,1010,1034]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,977]" captionTargetId="figure-30@88.[151,1435,181,985]" captionTargetPageId="88" captionText="FIGURES 212–214. Male terminalia of Scatophila picta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 212. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 213. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 214. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210945" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210945/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">213</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FF3BF9C85662F9BB" box="[226,264,1580,1601]" captionStart="FIGURES 226–228" captionStartId="92.[151,264,994,1018]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,962]" captionTargetId="figure-30@92.[151,1435,181,970]" captionTargetPageId="92" captionText="FIGURES 226–228. Male terminalia of Scatophila pulchra Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 226. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 227. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 228. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210957" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210957/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">227</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FECDF9C85651F9BB" box="[276,315,1580,1601]" captionStart="FIGURES 233–235" captionStartId="95.[151,264,1662,1686]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,821,1631]" captionTargetId="figure-339@95.[151,1435,813,1639]" captionTargetPageId="95" captionText="FIGURES 233–235. Male terminalia of Scatophila rubribrunnea Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 233. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 234. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 235. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210963" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210963/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">234</figureCitation>
), often distal margin of epandrium with sharp medial process, sometimes concave (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FBABF9C853BBF9B8" box="[1138,1233,1580,1602]" captionStart="FIGURES 164–166" captionStartId="72.[151,264,1285,1309]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,317,1253]" captionTargetId="figure-84@72.[151,1435,309,1261]" captionTargetPageId="72" captionText="FIGURES 164–166. Male terminalia of Scatophila bisignata Cresson. 164. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 165. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 166. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210895" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210895/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Figs. 164</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FB05F9C85268F9BB" box="[1244,1282,1580,1601]" captionStart="FIGURES 180–182" captionStartId="77.[151,264,1578,1602]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,821,1547]" captionTargetId="figure-294@77.[151,1435,813,1555]" captionTargetPageId="77" captionText="FIGURES 180–182. Male terminalia of Scatophila cribrata (Stenhammar). 180. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 181. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 182. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210909" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210909/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">180</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FAD7F9C8525EF9BB" box="[1294,1332,1580,1601]" captionStart="FIGURES 188–190" captionStartId="81.[151,264,1066,1090]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,1033]" captionTargetId="figure-27@81.[151,1435,181,1041]" captionTargetPageId="81" captionText="FIGURES 188–190. Male terminalia of Scatophila disjuncta Cresson. 188. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 189. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 190. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210919" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210919/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">188</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FA99F9C8520CF9BB" box="[1344,1382,1580,1601]" captionStart="FIGURES 199–201" captionStartId="84.[151,264,1581,1605]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,713,1549]" captionTargetId="figure-264@84.[151,1435,705,1557]" captionTargetPageId="84" captionText="FIGURES 199–201. Male terminalia of Scatophila hirsuta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 199. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 200. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 201. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210933" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210933/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">199</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FAABF9CF52F2F9BB" box="[1394,1432,1579,1601]" captionStart="FIGURES 205–207" captionStartId="86.[151,264,1013,1037]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,981]" captionTargetId="figure-30@86.[151,1435,181,989]" captionTargetPageId="86" captionText="FIGURES 205–207. Male terminalia of Scatophila mystacina sp. nov. 205. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 206. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 207. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210939" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210939/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">205</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FF3BF9AD566DF9A4" box="[226,263,1609,1630]" captionStart="FIGURES 233–235" captionStartId="95.[151,264,1662,1686]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,821,1631]" captionTargetId="figure-339@95.[151,1435,813,1639]" captionTargetPageId="95" captionText="FIGURES 233–235. Male terminalia of Scatophila rubribrunnea Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 233. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 234. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 235. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210963" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210963/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">233</figureCitation>
)............................................................................. The 
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A597B59FB0CF9AD5233F9A4" box="[1237,1369,1609,1630]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">quadriguttata</emphasis>
Group
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A597B59FF4EF95554C2F931" blockId="10.[151,936,1713,1740]" box="[151,936,1713,1740]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A597B59FF4EF95554C2F931" bold="true" box="[151,936,1713,1740]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
Key to 
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A597B59FF28F95556D6F931" box="[241,444,1713,1739]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Nearctic" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">Nearctic Species</taxonomicName>
of 
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A597B59FE3DF955550FF936" box="[484,613,1713,1740]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A597B59FE3DF955550FF936" bold="true" box="[484,613,1713,1740]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Scatophila</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(some couplets for males)
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<keyStep id="308C2E043A597B59FF4EF91252F6F8BC" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A597B59FF4EF91252F6F8F1" blockId="10.[151,1437,1782,2044]" box="[151,1436,1782,1804]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<keyLead id="308995943A597B59FF4EF91252F6F8F1" box="[151,1436,1782,1804]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
1. 
<collectionCode id="ED69AE643A597B59FF3BF9125798F8F1" box="[226,242,1782,1803]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="Herbarium">A</collectionCode>
presutural pair of dorsocentral setae present (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FD71F9125459F8F1" box="[680,819,1782,1804]" captionStart="FIGURES 175–179" captionStartId="76.[151,264,1403,1427]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,181,1379]" captionTargetId="figure-30@76.[164,1423,181,1379]" captionTargetPageId="76" captionText="FIGURES 175–179. Head and thorax of Scatophila. 175–177. Head and thorax, dorsal view. 175. Scatophila bisignata Cresson. 176. S. conifera Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 177. S. cribrata (Stenhammar). 178–179. Head of Scatophila cribrata (Stenhammar). 178. Latero-oblique view. 179. Lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210907" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210907/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Figs. 175, 177</figureCitation>
)................................................. 2
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A597B59FF4EF8F052F6F8BC" blockId="10.[151,1437,1782,2044]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<keyLead id="308995943A597B59FF4EF8F052F6F8BC" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
- Presutural dorsocentral setae lacking (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FD8BF8F055E7F8D3" box="[594,653,1811,1834]" captionStart="FIGURES 3–5" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1310,1334]" captionTargetBox="[178,1435,633,1286]" captionTargetId="figure-236@9.[151,1435,633,1286]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 3–5. Morphological structures of Scatophila. 3. S. ordinaria Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, proboscis, lateral view. 4. S. ordinaria Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, cibarium, posterior view. 5. S. contaminata (Stenhammar), head and thorax, dorsal view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm (3–4), 0.2 mm (5)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210775" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210775/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FD48F8F755C6F8D3" box="[657,684,1811,1833]" captionStart="FIGURES 6–10" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1544,1568]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1520]" captionTargetId="figure-30@14.[151,1435,181,1520]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 6–10. Head, thorax, and wing of Scatophila. 6. Head of S. contaminata (Stenhammar), latero-oblique view. 7. Same, lateral view. 8–9. Wing, dorsal view. 8. S. contaminata (Stenhammar). 9. S. exilis Cresson. 10. S. exilis Cresson, head and thorax, dorsal view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210777" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210777/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">10</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FD6EF8F055BBF8D3" box="[695,721,1812,1833]" captionStart="FIGURES 22–26" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1536,1560]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,205,1511]" captionTargetId="figure-30@20.[151,1435,181,1512]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 22–26. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 22. Scatophila angusta sp. nov., head and thorax, dorsal view. 23. Same, wing, dorsal view. 24. Wing of S. variabilis Cresson, dorsal view. 25–26. Head of Scatophila variabilis Cresson. 25. Male, latero-oblique view. 26. Male, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210787" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210787/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">22</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FD05F8F0559CF8D3" box="[732,758,1812,1833]" captionStart="FIGURES 31–33" captionStartId="23.[151,264,958,982]" captionTargetBox="[151,1425,181,934]" captionTargetId="figure-27@23.[151,1435,181,935]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURES 31–33. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 31. S. variabilis Cresson, head and thorax, dorsal view. 32–33. Wing, dorsal view. 32. S. adamsi Cresson. 33. S. hesperia Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210793" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210793/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">31</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FCD9F8F75470F8D3" box="[768,794,1811,1833]" captionStart="FIGURES 45–47" captionStartId="30.[151,264,1756,1780]" captionTargetBox="[151,1426,947,1732]" captionTargetId="figure-67@30.[151,1435,947,1732]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 45–47. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 45. S. adamsi Cresson, head and thorax, dorsal view. 46–47. Wing, dorsal view. 46. S. iowana Wheeler. 47. S. mesogramma (Loew). Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210803" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210803/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">45</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FCFCF8F75409F8D3" box="[805,867,1811,1833]" captionStart="FIGURES 56–60" captionStartId="35.[151,264,1532,1556]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1508]" captionTargetId="figure-27@35.[151,1435,181,1508]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURES 56–60. Head and thorax of Scatophila. 56–57. Head of S. iowana Wheeler. 56. Latero-oblique view. 57. Lateral view. 58–60. Head and thorax, dorsal view. 58. S. hesperia Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 59. S. iowana Wheeler. 60. S. mesogramma (Loew). Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210811" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210811/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">58–60</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FCB7F8F054E2F8D3" box="[878,904,1812,1833]" captionStart="FIGURES 72–76" captionStartId="42.[151,264,1847,1871]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,410,1824]" captionTargetId="figure-121@42.[151,1435,381,1824]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="FIGURES 72–76. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 72–73. Head of S. ordinaria Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 72. Latero-oblique view. 73. Lateral view. 74. S. ordinaria Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, head and thorax, dorsal view. 75–76. Wing, dorsal view. 75. S. ordinaria Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 76. S. viridella Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210823" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210823/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">74</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FC4AF8F054C7F8D3" box="[915,941,1812,1833]" captionStart="FIGURES 89–91" captionStartId="46.[151,264,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[151,1433,1140,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-70@46.[151,1435,1140,1920]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURES 89–91. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 89. Scatophila viridella Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, head and thorax, dorsal view. 90–91. Wing, dorsal view. 90. S. bolwigi sp. nov. 91. S. hirtirostris Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210835" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210835/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">89</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FC6EF8F054B7F8D3" box="[951,989,1812,1833]" captionStart="FIGURES 107–109" captionStartId="53.[151,264,947,971]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,923]" captionTargetId="figure-27@53.[151,1435,181,923]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="FIGURES 107–109. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 107. Scatophila bolwigi sp. nov., head and thorax, dorsal view. 108–109. Wing, dorsal view. 108. S. tuberculosa Cresson. 109. S. unicornis Czerny. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210847" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210847/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">107</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FC31F8F05357F8D3" box="[1000,1085,1812,1833]" captionStart="FIGURES 119–121" captionStartId="57.[151,264,875,899]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,851]" captionTargetId="figure-27@57.[151,1435,181,851]" captionTargetPageId="57" captionText="FIGURES 119–121. Head and thorax, dorsal view. 119. Scatophila hirtirostris Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 120. S. tuberculosa Cresson. 121. S. unicornis Czerny. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210857" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210857/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">119–121</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FB91F8F05304F8D3" box="[1096,1134,1812,1833]" captionStart="FIGURES 137–141" captionStartId="63.[151,264,1742,1766]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,355,1719]" captionTargetId="figure-93@63.[151,1435,345,1719]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="FIGURES 137–141. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 137. S. variofacialis Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, head and thorax, dorsal view. 138–139. Wing, dorsal view 138. S. variofacialis Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 139. S. arenaria Cresson. 140. Head of S. arenaria Cresson, latero-oblique view. 141. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210869" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210869/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">137</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FBA0F8F753F5F8D3" box="[1145,1183,1811,1833]" captionStart="FIGURES 145–147" captionStartId="65.[151,264,1891,1915]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,1106,1867]" captionTargetId="figure-64@65.[151,1435,1103,1867]" captionTargetPageId="65" captionText="FIGURES 145–147. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 145. Scatophila arenaria Cresson, head and thorax, dorsal view. 146–147. Wing, dorsal view. 146. S. bipiliaris Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 147. S. bisignata Cresson. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210875" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210875/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">145</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FB70F8F753A5F8D3" box="[1193,1231,1811,1833]" captionStart="FIGURES 156–158" captionStartId="68.[151,264,1913,1937]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,1130,1889]" captionTargetId="figure-70@68.[151,1435,1130,1890]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="FIGURES 156–158. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 156 Scatophila bipiliaris Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, head and thorax, dorsal view. 157–158. Wing, dorsal view. 157. S. conifera Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 158. S. cribrata (Stenhammar). Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210887" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210887/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">156</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FB03F8F0526AF8D0" box="[1242,1280,1812,1834]" captionStart="FIGURES 175–179" captionStartId="76.[151,264,1403,1427]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,181,1379]" captionTargetId="figure-30@76.[164,1423,181,1379]" captionTargetPageId="76" captionText="FIGURES 175–179. Head and thorax of Scatophila. 175–177. Head and thorax, dorsal view. 175. Scatophila bisignata Cresson. 176. S. conifera Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 177. S. cribrata (Stenhammar). 178–179. Head of Scatophila cribrata (Stenhammar). 178. Latero-oblique view. 179. Lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210907" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210907/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">176</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FAD2F8F0525BF8D3" box="[1291,1329,1812,1833]" captionStart="FIGURES 202–204" captionStartId="85.[151,264,1848,1872]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,1094,1825]" captionTargetId="figure-325@85.[151,1435,1094,1825]" captionTargetPageId="85" captionText="FIGURES 202–204. Head, thorax, and wing of Scatophila. 202. S. hirsuta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, head and thorax, dorsal view. 203. S. mystacina sp. nov. male, wing, dorsal view. 204 S. picta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, wing, dorsal view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210935" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210935/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">202</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FAE5F8F05208F8D3" box="[1340,1378,1812,1833]" captionStart="FIGURES 215–219" captionStartId="89.[151,264,1540,1564]" captionTargetBox="[167,1435,181,1516]" captionTargetId="figure-27@89.[151,1435,181,1517]" captionTargetPageId="89" captionText="FIGURES 215–219. Head, thorax, and wing of Scatophila. 215–216. Head of Scatophila picta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 215. Latero-oblique view. 216. Lateral view. 217. Scatophila mystacina sp. nov., head and thorax, dorsal view. 218–219. Wing, dorsal view. 218. S. pulchra Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 219. S. rubribrunnea Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210947" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210947/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">217</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FAB5F8F0566DF8BD" captionStart="FIGURES 221–225" captionStartId="91.[151,264,1444,1468]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,1421]" captionTargetId="figure-27@91.[151,1435,181,1421]" captionTargetPageId="91" captionText="FIGURES 221–225. Head and thorax of Scatophila. 221–222. Head of S. pulchra Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 221. Latero-oblique view. 222. Lateral view. 223–225. Head and thorax, dorsal view. 223. Scatophila picta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 224. S. pulchra Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 225. S. rubribrunnea Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210953" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210953/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">223– 225</figureCitation>
)................................................................................................ 3
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="308C2E043A597B59FF4EF8AA52F6F846" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A597B59FF4EF8AA52F6F87B" blockId="10.[151,1437,1782,2044]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<keyLead id="308995943A597B59FF4EF8AA52F6F87B" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
2. Cell r 1 with 2–3 white spots; wing spots generally conspicuous (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FC9CF8AA54F2F899" box="[837,920,1870,1892]" captionStart="FIGURES 145–147" captionStartId="65.[151,264,1891,1915]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,1106,1867]" captionTargetId="figure-64@65.[151,1435,1103,1867]" captionTargetPageId="65" captionText="FIGURES 145–147. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 145. Scatophila arenaria Cresson, head and thorax, dorsal view. 146–147. Wing, dorsal view. 146. S. bipiliaris Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 147. S. bisignata Cresson. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210875" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210875/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 147</figureCitation>
); halter and basal tarsomeres pale; fronto-orbital plate not densely microtomentose (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FE27F88855EAF878" box="[510,640,1900,1922]" captionStart="FIGURES 160–163" captionStartId="71.[151,264,1386,1410]" captionTargetBox="[158,1435,181,1362]" captionTargetId="figure-27@71.[151,1435,181,1362]" captionTargetPageId="71" captionText="FIGURES 160–163. Head of Scatophila bisignata Cresson. 160. Male, latero-oblique view. 161. Male, lateral view. 162. Female, latero-oblique view. 163. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210893" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210893/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 160, 162</figureCitation>
)................................................. 
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A597B59FB01F88852F6F87B" authority="Cresson" authorityName="Cresson" box="[1240,1436,1900,1921]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bisignata">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A597B59FB01F8885223F87B" box="[1240,1353,1900,1921]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">S. bisignata</emphasis>
Cresson
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A597B59FF4EF86D52F6F846" blockId="10.[151,1437,1782,2044]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<keyLead id="308995943A597B59FF4EF86D52F6F846" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
- Cell r 
<subScript id="17FC34E43A597B59FECFF87C5677F85E" attach="left" box="[278,285,1944,1956]" fontSize="5" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">1</subScript>
lacking spots; wing spots small and indistinct (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FD0BF86D544EF865" box="[722,804,1929,1951]" captionStart="FIGURES 156–158" captionStartId="68.[151,264,1913,1937]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,1130,1889]" captionTargetId="figure-70@68.[151,1435,1130,1890]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="FIGURES 156–158. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 156 Scatophila bipiliaris Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, head and thorax, dorsal view. 157–158. Wing, dorsal view. 157. S. conifera Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 158. S. cribrata (Stenhammar). Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210887" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210887/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 158</figureCitation>
); halter and tarsi dark; fronto-orbital plate densely microtomentose, appearing velvety black (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FE0DF842554CF841" box="[468,550,1958,1980]" captionStart="FIGURES 175–179" captionStartId="76.[151,264,1403,1427]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,181,1379]" captionTargetId="figure-30@76.[164,1423,181,1379]" captionTargetPageId="76" captionText="FIGURES 175–179. Head and thorax of Scatophila. 175–177. Head and thorax, dorsal view. 175. Scatophila bisignata Cresson. 176. S. conifera Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 177. S. cribrata (Stenhammar). 178–179. Head of Scatophila cribrata (Stenhammar). 178. Latero-oblique view. 179. Lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210907" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210907/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 178</figureCitation>
)..................................................... 
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A597B59FB7FF84352F6F846" authority="(Stenhammar)" baseAuthorityName="Stenhammar" baseAuthorityYear="1844" box="[1190,1436,1958,1980]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cribrata">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A597B59FB7FF8435267F841" box="[1190,1293,1958,1980]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">S. cribrata</emphasis>
(Stenhammar)
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="308C2E043A597B58FF4EF82052F6FF57" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A597B59FF4EF82052F6F823" blockId="10.[151,1437,1782,2044]" box="[151,1436,1988,2015]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<keyLead id="308995943A597B59FF4EF82052F6F823" box="[151,1436,1988,2015]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
3. Cell r 
<subScript id="17FC34E43A597B59FEC1F8375675F825" attach="left" box="[280,287,2003,2015]" fontSize="5" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">1</subScript>
with 2 or more distinct white spots (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FDA6F82055B6F823" box="[639,732,1988,2010]" captionStart="FIGURES 107–109" captionStartId="53.[151,264,947,971]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,923]" captionTargetId="figure-27@53.[151,1435,181,923]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="FIGURES 107–109. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 107. Scatophila bolwigi sp. nov., head and thorax, dorsal view. 108–109. Wing, dorsal view. 108. S. tuberculosa Cresson. 109. S. unicornis Czerny. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210847" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210847/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Figs. 109</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FD3FF8205461F823" box="[742,779,1988,2009]" captionStart="FIGURES 202–204" captionStartId="85.[151,264,1848,1872]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,1094,1825]" captionTargetId="figure-325@85.[151,1435,1094,1825]" captionTargetPageId="85" captionText="FIGURES 202–204. Head, thorax, and wing of Scatophila. 202. S. hirsuta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, head and thorax, dorsal view. 203. S. mystacina sp. nov. male, wing, dorsal view. 204 S. picta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, wing, dorsal view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210935" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210935/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">204</figureCitation>
)..................................................... 4
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A597B58FF4EF80552F6FF57" blockId="10.[151,1437,1782,2044]" lastBlockId="11.[151,1437,151,2021]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<keyLead id="308995943A597B58FF4EF80552F6FF57" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
- Cell r 
<subScript id="17FC34E43A597B59FEC3F814564BF806" attach="left" box="[282,289,2032,2044]" fontSize="5" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">1</subScript>
lacking spots, or with a single, weak, basal white area, or wings very pale, not appearing spotted (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FB29F8055224F80C" box="[1264,1358,2017,2039]" captionStart="FIGURES 6–10" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1544,1568]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1520]" captionTargetId="figure-30@14.[151,1435,181,1520]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 6–10. Head, thorax, and wing of Scatophila. 6. Head of S. contaminata (Stenhammar), latero-oblique view. 7. Same, lateral view. 8–9. Wing, dorsal view. 8. S. contaminata (Stenhammar). 9. S. exilis Cresson. 10. S. exilis Cresson, head and thorax, dorsal view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210777" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210777/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Figs. 8–9</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A597B59FA83F80552F2F80C" box="[1370,1432,2017,2038]" captionStart="FIGURES 22–26" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1536,1560]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,205,1511]" captionTargetId="figure-30@20.[151,1435,181,1512]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 22–26. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 22. Scatophila angusta sp. nov., head and thorax, dorsal view. 23. Same, wing, dorsal view. 24. Wing of S. variabilis Cresson, dorsal view. 25–26. Head of Scatophila variabilis Cresson. 25. Male, latero-oblique view. 26. Male, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210787" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210787/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">23–24</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FF3BFF7C564AFF57" box="[226,288,152,173]" captionStart="FIGURES 31–33" captionStartId="23.[151,264,958,982]" captionTargetBox="[151,1425,181,934]" captionTargetId="figure-27@23.[151,1435,181,935]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURES 31–33. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 31. S. variabilis Cresson, head and thorax, dorsal view. 32–33. Wing, dorsal view. 32. S. adamsi Cresson. 33. S. hesperia Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210793" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210793/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">32–33</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FEF3FF735602FF57" box="[298,360,151,173]" captionStart="FIGURES 45–47" captionStartId="30.[151,264,1756,1780]" captionTargetBox="[151,1426,947,1732]" captionTargetId="figure-67@30.[151,1435,947,1732]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 45–47. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 45. S. adamsi Cresson, head and thorax, dorsal view. 46–47. Wing, dorsal view. 46. S. iowana Wheeler. 47. S. mesogramma (Loew). Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210803" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210803/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">46–47</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FEABFF7356DAFF57" box="[370,432,151,173]" captionStart="FIGURES 72–76" captionStartId="42.[151,264,1847,1871]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,410,1824]" captionTargetId="figure-121@42.[151,1435,381,1824]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="FIGURES 72–76. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 72–73. Head of S. ordinaria Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 72. Latero-oblique view. 73. Lateral view. 74. S. ordinaria Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, head and thorax, dorsal view. 75–76. Wing, dorsal view. 75. S. ordinaria Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 76. S. viridella Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210823" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210823/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">75–76</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FE63FF7C5692FF57" box="[442,504,152,173]" captionStart="FIGURES 89–91" captionStartId="46.[151,264,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[151,1433,1140,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-70@46.[151,1435,1140,1920]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURES 89–91. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 89. Scatophila viridella Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, head and thorax, dorsal view. 90–91. Wing, dorsal view. 90. S. bolwigi sp. nov. 91. S. hirtirostris Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210835" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210835/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">90–91</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FDDBFF7C5542FF57" box="[514,552,152,173]" captionStart="FIGURES 107–109" captionStartId="53.[151,264,947,971]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,923]" captionTargetId="figure-27@53.[151,1435,181,923]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="FIGURES 107–109. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 107. Scatophila bolwigi sp. nov., head and thorax, dorsal view. 108–109. Wing, dorsal view. 108. S. tuberculosa Cresson. 109. S. unicornis Czerny. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210847" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210847/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">108</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FDEBFF7C55E3FF57" box="[562,649,152,173]" captionStart="FIGURES 137–141" captionStartId="63.[151,264,1742,1766]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,355,1719]" captionTargetId="figure-93@63.[151,1435,345,1719]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="FIGURES 137–141. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 137. S. variofacialis Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, head and thorax, dorsal view. 138–139. Wing, dorsal view 138. S. variofacialis Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 139. S. arenaria Cresson. 140. Head of S. arenaria Cresson, latero-oblique view. 141. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210869" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210869/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">138–139</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FD4BFF7355D2FF57" box="[658,696,151,173]" captionStart="FIGURES 145–147" captionStartId="65.[151,264,1891,1915]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,1106,1867]" captionTargetId="figure-64@65.[151,1435,1103,1867]" captionTargetPageId="65" captionText="FIGURES 145–147. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 145. Scatophila arenaria Cresson, head and thorax, dorsal view. 146–147. Wing, dorsal view. 146. S. bipiliaris Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 147. S. bisignata Cresson. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210875" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210875/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">146</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FD1BFF735582FF57" box="[706,744,151,173]" captionStart="FIGURES 156–158" captionStartId="68.[151,264,1913,1937]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,1130,1889]" captionTargetId="figure-70@68.[151,1435,1130,1890]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="FIGURES 156–158. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 156 Scatophila bipiliaris Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, head and thorax, dorsal view. 157–158. Wing, dorsal view. 157. S. conifera Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 158. S. cribrata (Stenhammar). Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210887" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210887/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">157</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FD2BFF7C5422FF57" box="[754,840,152,173]" captionStart="FIGURES 191–193" captionStartId="81.[151,264,1941,1965]" captionTargetBox="[151,1423,1150,1917]" captionTargetId="figure-64@81.[151,1435,1150,1917]" captionTargetPageId="81" captionText="FIGURES 191–193. Head, thorax, and wing of Scatophila. 191. Scatophila disjuncta Cresson, head and thorax, dorsal view. 192–193. Wing, dorsal view. 192. S. disjuncta Cresson. 193. S. hirsuta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210921" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210921/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">192–193</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FC8BFF7C5412FF57" box="[850,888,152,173]" captionStart="FIGURES 202–204" captionStartId="85.[151,264,1848,1872]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,1094,1825]" captionTargetId="figure-325@85.[151,1435,1094,1825]" captionTargetPageId="85" captionText="FIGURES 202–204. Head, thorax, and wing of Scatophila. 202. S. hirsuta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, head and thorax, dorsal view. 203. S. mystacina sp. nov. male, wing, dorsal view. 204 S. picta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, wing, dorsal view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210935" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210935/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">203</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FC5BFF7C54B2FF57" box="[898,984,152,173]" captionStart="FIGURES 215–219" captionStartId="89.[151,264,1540,1564]" captionTargetBox="[167,1435,181,1516]" captionTargetId="figure-27@89.[151,1435,181,1517]" captionTargetPageId="89" captionText="FIGURES 215–219. Head, thorax, and wing of Scatophila. 215–216. Head of Scatophila picta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 215. Latero-oblique view. 216. Lateral view. 217. Scatophila mystacina sp. nov., head and thorax, dorsal view. 218–219. Wing, dorsal view. 218. S. pulchra Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 219. S. rubribrunnea Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210947" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210947/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">218–219</figureCitation>
).................................... 5
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="308C2E043A587B58FF4EFF5152F6FED8" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A587B58FF4EFF5152F6FF12" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<keyLead id="308995943A587B58FF4EFF5152F6FF12" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
4. Scutellum with a distinct basal gray triangle (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FD4DFF515583FF30" box="[660,745,181,203]" captionStart="FIGURES 221–225" captionStartId="91.[151,264,1444,1468]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,1421]" captionTargetId="figure-27@91.[151,1435,181,1421]" captionTargetPageId="91" captionText="FIGURES 221–225. Head and thorax of Scatophila. 221–222. Head of S. pulchra Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 221. Latero-oblique view. 222. Lateral view. 223–225. Head and thorax, dorsal view. 223. Scatophila picta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 224. S. pulchra Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 225. S. rubribrunnea Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210953" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210953/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 223</figureCitation>
); face of 
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD283A587B58FC98FF515439FF30" box="[833,851,181,202]" count="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
flat, the oral margin with 2–3 stout setae on each side, above them a cluster of smaller setulae arising from a brown area (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FCFAFF3654C5FF12" box="[803,943,210,232]" captionStart="FIGURES 215–219" captionStartId="89.[151,264,1540,1564]" captionTargetBox="[167,1435,181,1516]" captionTargetId="figure-27@89.[151,1435,181,1517]" captionTargetPageId="89" captionText="FIGURES 215–219. Head, thorax, and wing of Scatophila. 215–216. Head of Scatophila picta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 215. Latero-oblique view. 216. Lateral view. 217. Scatophila mystacina sp. nov., head and thorax, dorsal view. 218–219. Wing, dorsal view. 218. S. pulchra Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 219. S. rubribrunnea Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210947" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210947/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs. 215–216</figureCitation>
)............... 
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A587B58FBB5FF3752F6FF12" authority="Sturtevant and Wheeler" authorityName="Sturtevant and Wheeler" box="[1132,1436,210,232]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="picta">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A587B58FBB5FF3753DEFF12" box="[1132,1204,211,232]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">S. picta</emphasis>
Sturtevant and Wheeler
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A587B58FF4EFF1452F6FED8" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<keyLead id="308995943A587B58FF4EFF1452F6FED8" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
- Scutellum indistinctly marked (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FDC9FF0B550EFEFF" box="[528,612,239,261]" captionStart="FIGURES 119–121" captionStartId="57.[151,264,875,899]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,851]" captionTargetId="figure-27@57.[151,1435,181,851]" captionTargetPageId="57" captionText="FIGURES 119–121. Head and thorax, dorsal view. 119. Scatophila hirtirostris Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 120. S. tuberculosa Cresson. 121. S. unicornis Czerny. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210857" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210857/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 121</figureCitation>
); face of 
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD283A587B58FD67FF1455BAFEFF" box="[702,720,240,261]" count="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
with a snout-like protuberance ventromedially (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FB46FF0B5240FEFF" box="[1183,1322,239,261]" captionStart="FIGURES 125–128" captionStartId="58.[151,264,1850,1874]" captionTargetBox="[163,1435,707,1826]" captionTargetId="figure-178@58.[151,1435,693,1826]" captionTargetPageId="58" captionText="FIGURES 125–128. Head of Scatophila unicornis Czerny. 125. Male, latero-oblique view. 126. Male, lateral view. 127. Female, latero-oblique view. 128. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210861" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210861/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs. 125–126</figureCitation>
)............................................................................................ 
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A587B58FB07FEE952F6FED8" authority="Czerny" authorityName="Czerny" box="[1246,1436,269,290]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unicornis">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A587B58FB07FEE9523BFED8" box="[1246,1361,269,290]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">S. unicornis</emphasis>
Czerny
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="308C2E043A587B58FF4EFECE52F6FE4F" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A587B58FF4EFECE52F6FEA7" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<keyLead id="308995943A587B58FF4EFECE52F6FEA7" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
5. Quadrate white spot of cell r 3 with a prominent dark center (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FCFAFECE5412FEC5" box="[803,888,298,320]" captionStart="FIGURES 215–219" captionStartId="89.[151,264,1540,1564]" captionTargetBox="[167,1435,181,1516]" captionTargetId="figure-27@89.[151,1435,181,1517]" captionTargetPageId="89" captionText="FIGURES 215–219. Head, thorax, and wing of Scatophila. 215–216. Head of Scatophila picta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 215. Latero-oblique view. 216. Lateral view. 217. Scatophila mystacina sp. nov., head and thorax, dorsal view. 218–219. Wing, dorsal view. 218. S. pulchra Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 219. S. rubribrunnea Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210947" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210947/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 218</figureCitation>
); face yellowish (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FBF8FECE53C9FEC5" box="[1057,1187,298,320]" captionStart="FIGURES 221–225" captionStartId="91.[151,264,1444,1468]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,1421]" captionTargetId="figure-27@91.[151,1435,181,1421]" captionTargetPageId="91" captionText="FIGURES 221–225. Head and thorax of Scatophila. 221–222. Head of S. pulchra Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 221. Latero-oblique view. 222. Lateral view. 223–225. Head and thorax, dorsal view. 223. Scatophila picta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 224. S. pulchra Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 225. S. rubribrunnea Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210953" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210953/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 221–222</figureCitation>
)............................................................................................. 
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A587B58FB88FEAC52F6FEA7" authority="Sturtevant and Wheeler" authorityName="Sturtevant and Wheeler" box="[1105,1436,327,349]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulchra">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A587B58FB88FEAC53DEFEA6" box="[1105,1204,327,349]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">S. pulchra</emphasis>
Sturtevant and Wheeler
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A587B58FF4EFE8152F6FE4F" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<keyLead id="308995943A587B58FF4EFE8152F6FE4F" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
- Large, quadrate white spot of cell r 
<subScript id="17FC34E43A587B58FDEBFE905553FE7A" attach="left" box="[562,569,372,384]" fontSize="5" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">3</subScript>
lacking a dark center (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FCCDFE81541AFE80" box="[788,880,357,379]" captionStart="FIGURES 6–10" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1544,1568]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1520]" captionTargetId="figure-30@14.[151,1435,181,1520]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 6–10. Head, thorax, and wing of Scatophila. 6. Head of S. contaminata (Stenhammar), latero-oblique view. 7. Same, lateral view. 8–9. Wing, dorsal view. 8. S. contaminata (Stenhammar). 9. S. exilis Cresson. 10. S. exilis Cresson, head and thorax, dorsal view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210777" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210777/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs. 8–9</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FCA3FE8154D3FE80" box="[890,953,357,378]" captionStart="FIGURES 22–26" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1536,1560]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,205,1511]" captionTargetId="figure-30@20.[151,1435,181,1512]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 22–26. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 22. Scatophila angusta sp. nov., head and thorax, dorsal view. 23. Same, wing, dorsal view. 24. Wing of S. variabilis Cresson, dorsal view. 25–26. Head of Scatophila variabilis Cresson. 25. Male, latero-oblique view. 26. Male, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210787" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210787/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">23–24</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FC1BFE81536BFE80" box="[962,1025,357,378]" captionStart="FIGURES 31–33" captionStartId="23.[151,264,958,982]" captionTargetBox="[151,1425,181,934]" captionTargetId="figure-27@23.[151,1435,181,935]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURES 31–33. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 31. S. variabilis Cresson, head and thorax, dorsal view. 32–33. Wing, dorsal view. 32. S. adamsi Cresson. 33. S. hesperia Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210793" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210793/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">32–33</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FBD3FE815322FE81" box="[1034,1096,357,379]" captionStart="FIGURES 45–47" captionStartId="30.[151,264,1756,1780]" captionTargetBox="[151,1426,947,1732]" captionTargetId="figure-67@30.[151,1435,947,1732]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 45–47. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 45. S. adamsi Cresson, head and thorax, dorsal view. 46–47. Wing, dorsal view. 46. S. iowana Wheeler. 47. S. mesogramma (Loew). Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210803" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210803/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">46–47</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FB8BFE8153FBFE81" box="[1106,1169,357,379]" captionStart="FIGURES 72–76" captionStartId="42.[151,264,1847,1871]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,410,1824]" captionTargetId="figure-121@42.[151,1435,381,1824]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="FIGURES 72–76. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 72–73. Head of S. ordinaria Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 72. Latero-oblique view. 73. Lateral view. 74. S. ordinaria Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, head and thorax, dorsal view. 75–76. Wing, dorsal view. 75. S. ordinaria Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 76. S. viridella Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210823" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210823/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">75–76</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FB43FE8153B2FE80" box="[1178,1240,357,378]" captionStart="FIGURES 89–91" captionStartId="46.[151,264,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[151,1433,1140,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-70@46.[151,1435,1140,1920]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURES 89–91. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 89. Scatophila viridella Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, head and thorax, dorsal view. 90–91. Wing, dorsal view. 90. S. bolwigi sp. nov. 91. S. hirtirostris Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210835" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210835/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">90–91</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FB3BFE815262FE80" box="[1250,1288,357,378]" captionStart="FIGURES 107–109" captionStartId="53.[151,264,947,971]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,923]" captionTargetId="figure-27@53.[151,1435,181,923]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="FIGURES 107–109. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 107. Scatophila bolwigi sp. nov., head and thorax, dorsal view. 108–109. Wing, dorsal view. 108. S. tuberculosa Cresson. 109. S. unicornis Czerny. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210847" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210847/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">108</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FACBFE815203FE80" box="[1298,1385,357,378]" captionStart="FIGURES 137–141" captionStartId="63.[151,264,1742,1766]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,355,1719]" captionTargetId="figure-93@63.[151,1435,345,1719]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="FIGURES 137–141. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 137. S. variofacialis Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, head and thorax, dorsal view. 138–139. Wing, dorsal view 138. S. variofacialis Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 139. S. arenaria Cresson. 140. Head of S. arenaria Cresson, latero-oblique view. 141. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210869" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210869/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">138–139</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FAABFE8152F2FE81" box="[1394,1432,357,379]" captionStart="FIGURES 145–147" captionStartId="65.[151,264,1891,1915]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,1106,1867]" captionTargetId="figure-64@65.[151,1435,1103,1867]" captionTargetPageId="65" captionText="FIGURES 145–147. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 145. Scatophila arenaria Cresson, head and thorax, dorsal view. 146–147. Wing, dorsal view. 146. S. bipiliaris Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 147. S. bisignata Cresson. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210875" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210875/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">146</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FF3BFE665662FE62" box="[226,264,386,408]" captionStart="FIGURES 156–158" captionStartId="68.[151,264,1913,1937]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,1130,1889]" captionTargetId="figure-70@68.[151,1435,1130,1890]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="FIGURES 156–158. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 156 Scatophila bipiliaris Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, head and thorax, dorsal view. 157–158. Wing, dorsal view. 157. S. conifera Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 158. S. cribrata (Stenhammar). Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210887" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210887/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">157</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FECBFE665602FE6D" box="[274,360,386,407]" captionStart="FIGURES 191–193" captionStartId="81.[151,264,1941,1965]" captionTargetBox="[151,1423,1150,1917]" captionTargetId="figure-64@81.[151,1435,1150,1917]" captionTargetPageId="81" captionText="FIGURES 191–193. Head, thorax, and wing of Scatophila. 191. Scatophila disjuncta Cresson, head and thorax, dorsal view. 192–193. Wing, dorsal view. 192. S. disjuncta Cresson. 193. S. hirsuta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210921" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210921/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">192–193</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FEABFE6656F2FE6D" box="[370,408,386,407]" captionStart="FIGURES 202–204" captionStartId="85.[151,264,1848,1872]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,1094,1825]" captionTargetId="figure-325@85.[151,1435,1094,1825]" captionTargetPageId="85" captionText="FIGURES 202–204. Head, thorax, and wing of Scatophila. 202. S. hirsuta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, head and thorax, dorsal view. 203. S. mystacina sp. nov. male, wing, dorsal view. 204 S. picta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, wing, dorsal view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210935" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210935/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">203</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FE7BFE6656A0FE6D" box="[418,458,386,407]" captionStart="FIGURES 215–219" captionStartId="89.[151,264,1540,1564]" captionTargetBox="[167,1435,181,1516]" captionTargetId="figure-27@89.[151,1435,181,1517]" captionTargetPageId="89" captionText="FIGURES 215–219. Head, thorax, and wing of Scatophila. 215–216. Head of Scatophila picta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 215. Latero-oblique view. 216. Lateral view. 217. Scatophila mystacina sp. nov., head and thorax, dorsal view. 218–219. Wing, dorsal view. 218. S. pulchra Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 219. S. rubribrunnea Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210947" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210947/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">219</figureCitation>
); facial coloration variable, dark to whitish gray (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FC7DFE665372FE6D" box="[932,1048,386,408]" captionStart="FIGURES 38–41" captionStartId="29.[151,264,1329,1353]" captionTargetBox="[163,1435,181,1303]" captionTargetId="figure-27@29.[151,1435,181,1305]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURES 38–41. Head of Scatophila adamsi Cresson. 38. Male, latero-oblique view. 39. male, lateral view. 40. Female, laterooblique view. 41. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210799" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210799/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs. 38–41</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FBFBFE66530BFE62" box="[1058,1121,386,408]" captionStart="FIGURES 49–52" captionStartId="32.[151,264,1329,1353]" captionTargetBox="[177,1435,193,1304]" captionTargetId="figure-30@32.[151,1435,181,1305]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURES 49–52. Head of Scatophila hesperia Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 49. Male, latero-oblique view 50. Male, lateral view. 51. Female, latero-oblique view. 52. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210807" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210807/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">49–52</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FBB3FE6653C3FE62" box="[1130,1193,386,408]" captionStart="FIGURES 65–66" captionStartId="37.[151,264,1890,1914]" captionTargetBox="[176,1435,1279,1866]" captionTargetId="figure-374@37.[151,1435,1279,1866]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURES 65–66. Head of Scatophila mesogramma (Loew). 65. Latero-oblique view. 66. Lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210817" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210817/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">65–66</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FB6BFE66539BFE62" box="[1202,1265,386,408]" captionStart="FIGURES 82–85" captionStartId="45.[151,264,1879,1903]" captionTargetBox="[165,1435,681,1856]" captionTargetId="figure-246@45.[151,1435,669,1856]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURES 82–85. Head of Scatophila viridella Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 82. Male, latero-oblique view 83. Male, lateral view. 84. Female, latero-oblique view. 85. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210831" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210831/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">82–85</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FB23FE665253FE62" box="[1274,1337,386,408]" captionStart="FIGURES 93–96" captionStartId="49.[151,264,1642,1666]" captionTargetBox="[171,1435,387,1618]" captionTargetId="figure-109@49.[151,1435,381,1618]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="FIGURES 93–96. Head of Scatophila bolwigi sp. nov. 93. Male, latero-oblique view. 94. Male, lateral view. 95. Female, laterooblique view. 96. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210839" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210839/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">93–96</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FA9BFE6652F3FE6D" box="[1346,1433,386,407]" captionStart="FIGURES 100–103" captionStartId="51.[151,264,1785,1809]" captionTargetBox="[164,1435,617,1761]" captionTargetId="figure-139@51.[151,1435,617,1761]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURES 100–103. Head of Scatophila hirtirostris Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 100. Male, latero–oblique view. 101. Male, lateral view. 102. Female, latero-oblique view. 103. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210843" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210843/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">100–103</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FF3BFE44565FFE4F" box="[226,309,416,437]" captionStart="FIGURES 111–114" captionStartId="55.[151,264,1537,1561]" captionTargetBox="[165,1435,309,1512]" captionTargetId="figure-91@55.[151,1435,309,1514]" captionTargetPageId="55" captionText="FIGURES 111–114. Head of Scatophila tuberculosa Cresson. 111. Male, latero-oblique view. 112. Male, lateral view. 113. Female, latero-oblique view. 114. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210851" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210851/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">111–114</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FEE6FE4456FCFE4F" box="[319,406,416,437]" captionStart="FIGURES 130–133" captionStartId="61.[151,264,1375,1399]" captionTargetBox="[163,1435,181,1349]" captionTargetId="figure-27@61.[151,1435,181,1351]" captionTargetPageId="61" captionText="FIGURES 130–133. Head of Scatophila variofacialis Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 130. Male, latero-oblique view. 131. Male, lateral view. 132. Female, latero-oblique view. 133. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210865" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210865/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">130–133</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FE46FE44569FFE4F" box="[415,501,416,437]" captionStart="FIGURES 137–141" captionStartId="63.[151,264,1742,1766]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,355,1719]" captionTargetId="figure-93@63.[151,1435,345,1719]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="FIGURES 137–141. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 137. S. variofacialis Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, head and thorax, dorsal view. 138–139. Wing, dorsal view 138. S. variofacialis Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 139. S. arenaria Cresson. 140. Head of S. arenaria Cresson, latero-oblique view. 141. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210869" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210869/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">140–141</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FE26FE7B553CFE4F" box="[511,598,415,437]" captionStart="FIGURES 149–152" captionStartId="67.[151,264,1845,1869]" captionTargetBox="[167,1435,689,1822]" captionTargetId="figure-143@67.[151,1435,689,1822]" captionTargetPageId="67" captionText="FIGURES 149–152. Head of Scatophila bipiliaris Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 149. Male, latero-oblique view. 150. Male, lateral view. 151. Female, latero-oblique view. 152. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210881" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210881/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">149–152</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FD86FE7B55DFFE4F" box="[607,693,415,437]" captionStart="FIGURES 168–171" captionStartId="74.[151,264,1328,1352]" captionTargetBox="[170,1435,206,1304]" captionTargetId="figure-30@74.[151,1435,181,1304]" captionTargetPageId="74" captionText="FIGURES 168–171. Head of Scatophila conifera Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 168. Male, latero-oblique view. 169. Male, lateral view. 170. Female, latero-oblique view. 171. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210901" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210901/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">168–171</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FD66FE44547FFE4F" box="[703,789,416,437]" captionStart="FIGURES 184–187" captionStartId="80.[151,264,1357,1381]" captionTargetBox="[165,1435,248,1334]" captionTargetId="figure-50@80.[151,1435,237,1334]" captionTargetPageId="80" captionText="FIGURES 184–187. Head of Scatophila disjuncta Cresson. 184. Male, latero-oblique view. 185. Male, lateral view. 186. Female, latero-oblique view. 187. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210915" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210915/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">184–187</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FCC6FE7B541FFE4F" box="[799,885,415,437]" captionStart="FIGURES 195–198" captionStartId="83.[151,264,1421,1445]" captionTargetBox="[172,1435,193,1397]" captionTargetId="figure-27@83.[151,1435,181,1397]" captionTargetPageId="83" captionText="FIGURES 195–198. Head of Scatophila hirsuta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 195. Male, latero-oblique view 196. Male, lateral view. 197. Female, latero-oblique view. 198. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210927" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210927/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">195–198</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FCA6FE4454BFFE4F" box="[895,981,416,437]" captionStart="FIGURES 208–211" captionStartId="87.[151,264,1395,1419]" captionTargetBox="[171,1435,181,1371]" captionTargetId="figure-27@87.[151,1435,181,1371]" captionTargetPageId="87" captionText="FIGURES 208–211. Head of Scatophila mystacina sp. nov. 208. Male, latero-oblique view. 209. Male, lateral view. 210. Female, latero-oblique view. 211. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210941" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210941/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">208–211</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FC07FE44535EFE4F" box="[990,1076,416,437]" captionStart="FIGURES 229–232" captionStartId="94.[151,264,1377,1401]" captionTargetBox="[168,1435,273,1354]" captionTargetId="figure-65@94.[151,1435,273,1354]" captionTargetPageId="94" captionText="FIGURES 229–232. Head of Scatophila rubribrunnea Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 229. Male, latero-oblique view. 230. Male, lateral view. 231. Female, latero-oblique view. 232. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210959" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210959/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">229–232</figureCitation>
)............................ 6
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="308C2E043A587B58FF4EFE5952F6FDD0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A587B58FF4EFE5952F6FE0A" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<keyLead id="308995943A587B58FF4EFE5952F6FE0A" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
6. Larger facial seta inserted toward posteroventral corner curved upward and outward (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FBF5FE59530DFE28" box="[1068,1127,445,467]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–2" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1436,1460]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1399]" captionTargetId="figure-30@8.[151,1435,181,1413]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 1–2. Scatophila variabilis Cresson. 1. Head, anterior view. 2 Habitus, latero-oblique view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210773" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210773/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FBACFE5953DEFE29" box="[1141,1204,445,467]" captionStart="FIGURES 14–17" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1564,1588]" captionTargetBox="[172,1436,346,1540]" captionTargetId="figure-98@16.[151,1436,345,1540]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 14–17. Head of Scatophila. 14. S. exilis Cresson, latero-oblique view. 15. Same, lateral view. 16. Scatophila angusta sp. nov., latero-oblique view. 17. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210781" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210781/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">16–17</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FB66FE595394FE29" box="[1215,1278,445,467]" captionStart="FIGURES 22–26" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1536,1560]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,205,1511]" captionTargetId="figure-30@20.[151,1435,181,1512]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 22–26. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 22. Scatophila angusta sp. nov., head and thorax, dorsal view. 23. Same, wing, dorsal view. 24. Wing of S. variabilis Cresson, dorsal view. 25–26. Head of Scatophila variabilis Cresson. 25. Male, latero-oblique view. 26. Male, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210787" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210787/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">25–26</figureCitation>
), as in 
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A587B58FA91FE5952FFFE28" authorityName="Robineau-Desvoidy" authorityYear="1830" box="[1352,1429,445,466]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A587B58FA91FE5952FFFE28" box="[1352,1429,445,466]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Scatella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; midfemora of 
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD283A587B58FEB2FE3F5617FE0A" box="[363,381,475,496]" count="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
bearing a row of short spine-like setae along posteroventral margin................................ 7
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A587B58FF4EFE1C52F6FDD0" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<keyLead id="308995943A587B58FF4EFE1C52F6FDD0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
- Lower facial seta not oriented upward and outward (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FD0BFE13544BFDF7" box="[722,801,503,525]" captionStart="FIGURES 14–17" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1564,1588]" captionTargetBox="[172,1436,346,1540]" captionTargetId="figure-98@16.[151,1436,345,1540]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 14–17. Head of Scatophila. 14. S. exilis Cresson, latero-oblique view. 15. Same, lateral view. 16. Scatophila angusta sp. nov., latero-oblique view. 17. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210781" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210781/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs. 14</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FCF3FE1C540DFDF7" box="[810,871,504,525]" captionStart="FIGURES 38–41" captionStartId="29.[151,264,1329,1353]" captionTargetBox="[163,1435,181,1303]" captionTargetId="figure-27@29.[151,1435,181,1305]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURES 38–41. Head of Scatophila adamsi Cresson. 38. Male, latero-oblique view. 39. male, lateral view. 40. Female, laterooblique view. 41. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210799" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210799/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">38, 40</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FCA9FE1C54C7FDF7" box="[880,941,503,525]" captionStart="FIGURES 49–52" captionStartId="32.[151,264,1329,1353]" captionTargetBox="[177,1435,193,1304]" captionTargetId="figure-30@32.[151,1435,181,1305]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURES 49–52. Head of Scatophila hesperia Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 49. Male, latero-oblique view 50. Male, lateral view. 51. Female, latero-oblique view. 52. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210807" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210807/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">49, 51</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FC6EFE1354BBFDF7" box="[951,977,503,525]" captionStart="FIGURES 56–60" captionStartId="35.[151,264,1532,1556]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1508]" captionTargetId="figure-27@35.[151,1435,181,1508]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURES 56–60. Head and thorax of Scatophila. 56–57. Head of S. iowana Wheeler. 56. Latero-oblique view. 57. Lateral view. 58–60. Head and thorax, dorsal view. 58. S. hesperia Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 59. S. iowana Wheeler. 60. S. mesogramma (Loew). Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210811" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210811/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">56</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FC03FE1C549EFDF7" box="[986,1012,504,525]" captionStart="FIGURES 72–76" captionStartId="42.[151,264,1847,1871]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,410,1824]" captionTargetId="figure-121@42.[151,1435,381,1824]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="FIGURES 72–76. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 72–73. Head of S. ordinaria Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 72. Latero-oblique view. 73. Lateral view. 74. S. ordinaria Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, head and thorax, dorsal view. 75–76. Wing, dorsal view. 75. S. ordinaria Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 76. S. viridella Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210823" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210823/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">72</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FC24FE1C5350FDF7" box="[1021,1082,504,525]" captionStart="FIGURES 82–85" captionStartId="45.[151,264,1879,1903]" captionTargetBox="[165,1435,681,1856]" captionTargetId="figure-246@45.[151,1435,669,1856]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURES 82–85. Head of Scatophila viridella Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 82. Male, latero-oblique view 83. Male, lateral view. 84. Female, latero-oblique view. 85. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210831" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210831/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">82, 84</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FB9AFE1C53EAFDF7" box="[1091,1152,503,525]" captionStart="FIGURES 93–96" captionStartId="49.[151,264,1642,1666]" captionTargetBox="[171,1435,387,1618]" captionTargetId="figure-109@49.[151,1435,381,1618]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="FIGURES 93–96. Head of Scatophila bolwigi sp. nov. 93. Male, latero-oblique view. 94. Male, lateral view. 95. Female, laterooblique view. 96. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210839" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210839/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">93, 95</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FB50FE1C53B4FDF7" box="[1161,1246,504,525]" captionStart="FIGURES 100–103" captionStartId="51.[151,264,1785,1809]" captionTargetBox="[164,1435,617,1761]" captionTargetId="figure-139@51.[151,1435,617,1761]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURES 100–103. Head of Scatophila hirtirostris Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 100. Male, latero–oblique view. 101. Male, lateral view. 102. Female, latero-oblique view. 103. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210843" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210843/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">100, 102</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FB3EFE1C5250FDF7" box="[1255,1338,504,525]" captionStart="FIGURES 111–114" captionStartId="55.[151,264,1537,1561]" captionTargetBox="[165,1435,309,1512]" captionTargetId="figure-91@55.[151,1435,309,1514]" captionTargetPageId="55" captionText="FIGURES 111–114. Head of Scatophila tuberculosa Cresson. 111. Male, latero-oblique view. 112. Male, lateral view. 113. Female, latero-oblique view. 114. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210851" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210851/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">111, 113</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FA9AFE1C52F2FDF7" box="[1347,1432,504,525]" captionStart="FIGURES 130–133" captionStartId="61.[151,264,1375,1399]" captionTargetBox="[163,1435,181,1349]" captionTargetId="figure-27@61.[151,1435,181,1351]" captionTargetPageId="61" captionText="FIGURES 130–133. Head of Scatophila variofacialis Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 130. Male, latero-oblique view. 131. Male, lateral view. 132. Female, latero-oblique view. 133. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210865" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210865/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">130, 132</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FF3BFDF15652FDD0" box="[226,312,533,555]" captionStart="FIGURES 195–198" captionStartId="83.[151,264,1421,1445]" captionTargetBox="[172,1435,193,1397]" captionTargetId="figure-27@83.[151,1435,181,1397]" captionTargetPageId="83" captionText="FIGURES 195–198. Head of Scatophila hirsuta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 195. Male, latero-oblique view 196. Male, lateral view. 197. Female, latero-oblique view. 198. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210927" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210927/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">195, 197</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FE9BFDF156F3FDD0" box="[322,409,533,554]" captionStart="FIGURES 229–232" captionStartId="94.[151,264,1377,1401]" captionTargetBox="[168,1435,273,1354]" captionTargetId="figure-65@94.[151,1435,273,1354]" captionTargetPageId="94" captionText="FIGURES 229–232. Head of Scatophila rubribrunnea Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 229. Male, latero-oblique view. 230. Male, lateral view. 231. Female, latero-oblique view. 232. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210959" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210959/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">229, 231</figureCitation>
); midfemora of 
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD283A587B58FDEDFDF1552CFDD0" box="[564,582,533,554]" count="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
lacking row of spine-like setae............................................. 8
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="308C2E043A587B58FF4EFDD752F6FD20" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A587B58FF4EFDD752F6FD78" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<keyLead id="308995943A587B58FF4EFDD752F6FD78" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
7. Epandrium diamond-shaped in posterior view, ventral third in posterior view conspicuously narrowed (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FB17FDD6527DFDBD" box="[1230,1303,562,584]" captionStart="FIGURES 27–29" captionStartId="21.[151,264,1176,1200]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,1144]" captionTargetId="figure-27@21.[151,1435,181,1152]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURES 27–29. Male terminalia of Scatophila angusta sp. nov. 27. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 28. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 29. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210789" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210789/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 27</figureCitation>
), width about equal to width of cercal cavity, ventral emargination shallow, rounded vertex; postgonites in ventral view nearly straight, tapered from wider base (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FE01FD895577FD78" box="[472,541,621,643]" captionStart="FIGURES 27–29" captionStartId="21.[151,264,1176,1200]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,1144]" captionTargetId="figure-27@21.[151,1435,181,1152]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURES 27–29. Male terminalia of Scatophila angusta sp. nov. 27. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 28. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 29. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210789" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210789/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 28</figureCitation>
).......................................................... 
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A587B58FB3FFD895220FD79" authorityName="Zatwarnicki &amp; Mathis USNM" authorityYear="2024" box="[1254,1354,621,643]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angusta" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A587B58FB3FFD895220FD79" box="[1254,1354,621,643]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">S. angusta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A587B58FA89FD8952F6FD78" bold="true" box="[1360,1436,621,642]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23F57C83A587B58FA89FD8952F6FD78" box="[1360,1436,621,642]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A587B58FF4EFD6F52F6FD20" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<keyLead id="308995943A587B58FF4EFD6F52F6FD20" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
- Epandrium ovate in posterior view with ventral third conspicuously wider than width of cercal cavity (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FB21FD6E522EFD65" box="[1272,1348,650,672]" captionStart="FIGURES 34–36" captionStartId="24.[151,264,1080,1104]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,1049]" captionTargetId="figure-30@24.[151,1435,181,1057]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURES 34–36. Male terminalia of Scatophila variabilis Cresson. 34. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 35. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 36. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210795" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210795/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 34</figureCitation>
), ventral emargination wide, deeply and broadly V-shaped, vertex angulate; postgonites in ventral view conspicuously curved medially (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FF30FD215645FD21" box="[233,303,709,731]" captionStart="FIGURES 34–36" captionStartId="24.[151,264,1080,1104]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,1049]" captionTargetId="figure-30@24.[151,1435,181,1057]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURES 34–36. Male terminalia of Scatophila variabilis Cresson. 34. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 35. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 36. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210795" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210795/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 35</figureCitation>
)............................................................................ 
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A587B58FB0CFD2152F6FD20" authority="Cresson" authorityName="Cresson" box="[1237,1436,709,730]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variabilis">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A587B58FB0CFD215223FD20" box="[1237,1353,709,730]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">S. variabilis</emphasis>
Cresson
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="308C2E043A587B58FF4EFD0652F6FCB5" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A587B58FF4EFD0652F6FCEF" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<keyLead id="308995943A587B58FF4EFD0652F6FCEF" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
8. Body tan, brown, or black, usually with some lighter markings, scutellar disc mostly dark but often with basal and sometimes with apical areas gray (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FE18FD1B556EFCEF" box="[449,516,767,789]" captionStart="FIGURES 3–5" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1310,1334]" captionTargetBox="[178,1435,633,1286]" captionTargetId="figure-236@9.[151,1435,633,1286]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 3–5. Morphological structures of Scatophila. 3. S. ordinaria Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, proboscis, lateral view. 4. S. ordinaria Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, cibarium, posterior view. 5. S. contaminata (Stenhammar), head and thorax, dorsal view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm (3–4), 0.2 mm (5)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210775" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210775/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs. 5</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FDD6FCE45543FCEF" box="[527,553,768,789]" captionStart="FIGURES 6–10" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1544,1568]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1520]" captionTargetId="figure-30@14.[151,1435,181,1520]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 6–10. Head, thorax, and wing of Scatophila. 6. Head of S. contaminata (Stenhammar), latero-oblique view. 7. Same, lateral view. 8–9. Wing, dorsal view. 8. S. contaminata (Stenhammar). 9. S. exilis Cresson. 10. S. exilis Cresson, head and thorax, dorsal view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210777" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210777/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">10</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FDEAFD1B5527FCEF" box="[563,589,767,789]" captionStart="FIGURES 45–47" captionStartId="30.[151,264,1756,1780]" captionTargetBox="[151,1426,947,1732]" captionTargetId="figure-67@30.[151,1435,947,1732]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 45–47. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 45. S. adamsi Cresson, head and thorax, dorsal view. 46–47. Wing, dorsal view. 46. S. iowana Wheeler. 47. S. mesogramma (Loew). Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210803" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210803/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">45</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FD8EFD1B55FCFCEF" box="[599,662,767,789]" captionStart="FIGURES 56–60" captionStartId="35.[151,264,1532,1556]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1508]" captionTargetId="figure-27@35.[151,1435,181,1508]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURES 56–60. Head and thorax of Scatophila. 56–57. Head of S. iowana Wheeler. 56. Latero-oblique view. 57. Lateral view. 58–60. Head and thorax, dorsal view. 58. S. hesperia Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 59. S. iowana Wheeler. 60. S. mesogramma (Loew). Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210811" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210811/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">58–59</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FD46FCE455D3FCEF" box="[671,697,768,789]" captionStart="FIGURES 72–76" captionStartId="42.[151,264,1847,1871]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,410,1824]" captionTargetId="figure-121@42.[151,1435,381,1824]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="FIGURES 72–76. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 72–73. Head of S. ordinaria Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 72. Latero-oblique view. 73. Lateral view. 74. S. ordinaria Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, head and thorax, dorsal view. 75–76. Wing, dorsal view. 75. S. ordinaria Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 76. S. viridella Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210823" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210823/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">74</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FD1AFCE455B7FCEF" box="[707,733,768,789]" captionStart="FIGURES 89–91" captionStartId="46.[151,264,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[151,1433,1140,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-70@46.[151,1435,1140,1920]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURES 89–91. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 89. Scatophila viridella Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, head and thorax, dorsal view. 90–91. Wing, dorsal view. 90. S. bolwigi sp. nov. 91. S. hirtirostris Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210835" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210835/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">89</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FD3EFCE45467FCEF" box="[743,781,768,789]" captionStart="FIGURES 107–109" captionStartId="53.[151,264,947,971]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,923]" captionTargetId="figure-27@53.[151,1435,181,923]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="FIGURES 107–109. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 107. Scatophila bolwigi sp. nov., head and thorax, dorsal view. 108–109. Wing, dorsal view. 108. S. tuberculosa Cresson. 109. S. unicornis Czerny. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210847" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210847/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">107</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FCCEFCE454F6FCEF" box="[791,924,768,789]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 119–121" captionStart-1="FIGURES 122–124" captionStart-2="FIGURES 125–128" captionStart-3="FIGURE 129" captionStart-4="FIGURES 130–133" captionStart-5="FIGURES 134–136" captionStart-6="FIGURES 137–141" captionStartId-0="57.[151,264,875,899]" captionStartId-1="57.[151,264,1798,1822]" captionStartId-2="58.[151,264,1850,1874]" captionStartId-3="59.[151,250,840,864]" captionStartId-4="61.[151,264,1375,1399]" captionStartId-5="62.[151,264,1325,1349]" captionStartId-6="63.[151,264,1742,1766]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1435,181,851]" captionTargetBox-1="[159,1427,968,1766]" captionTargetBox-2="[163,1435,707,1826]" captionTargetBox-3="[151,1435,181,817]" captionTargetBox-4="[163,1435,181,1349]" captionTargetBox-5="[159,1427,497,1293]" captionTargetBox-6="[151,1435,355,1719]" captionTargetId-0="figure-27@57.[151,1435,181,851]" captionTargetId-1="figure-59@57.[151,1435,960,1774]" captionTargetId-2="figure-178@58.[151,1435,693,1826]" captionTargetId-3="figure-27@59.[151,1435,181,817]" captionTargetId-4="figure-27@61.[151,1435,181,1351]" captionTargetId-5="figure-159@62.[151,1435,489,1301]" captionTargetId-6="figure-93@63.[151,1435,345,1719]" captionTargetPageId-0="57" captionTargetPageId-1="57" captionTargetPageId-2="58" captionTargetPageId-3="59" captionTargetPageId-4="61" captionTargetPageId-5="62" captionTargetPageId-6="63" captionText-0="FIGURES 119–121. Head and thorax, dorsal view. 119. Scatophila hirtirostris Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 120. S. tuberculosa Cresson. 121. S. unicornis Czerny. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." captionText-1="FIGURES 122–124. Male terminalia of Scatophila unicornis Czerny. 122. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 123. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 124. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." captionText-2="FIGURES 125–128. Head of Scatophila unicornis Czerny. 125. Male, latero-oblique view. 126. Male, lateral view. 127. Female, latero-oblique view. 128. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." captionText-3="FIGURE 129. Distribution map of Scatophila hirtirostris Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler (circles), and S. unicornis Czerny (squares) in Nearctic Region" captionText-4="FIGURES 130–133. Head of Scatophila variofacialis Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 130. Male, latero-oblique view. 131. Male, lateral view. 132. Female, latero-oblique view. 133. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." captionText-5="FIGURES 134–136. Male terminalia of Scatophila variofacialis Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 134. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 135. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 136. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." captionText-6="FIGURES 137–141. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 137. S. variofacialis Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, head and thorax, dorsal view. 138–139. Wing, dorsal view 138. S. variofacialis Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 139. S. arenaria Cresson. 140. Head of S. arenaria Cresson, latero-oblique view. 141. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210857" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210859" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210861" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210863" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210865" figureDoi-5="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210867" figureDoi-6="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210869" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/13210857/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/13210859/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/13210861/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/13210863/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/13210865/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/13210867/files/figure.png" httpUri-6="https://zenodo.org/record/13210869/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">119–120. 137</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FC7FFCE454A6FCEF" box="[934,972,768,789]" captionStart="FIGURES 202–204" captionStartId="85.[151,264,1848,1872]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,1094,1825]" captionTargetId="figure-325@85.[151,1435,1094,1825]" captionTargetPageId="85" captionText="FIGURES 202–204. Head, thorax, and wing of Scatophila. 202. S. hirsuta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, head and thorax, dorsal view. 203. S. mystacina sp. nov. male, wing, dorsal view. 204 S. picta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, wing, dorsal view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210935" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210935/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">202</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FC0FFD1B5491FCEF" box="[982,1019,767,789]" captionStart="FIGURES 221–225" captionStartId="91.[151,264,1444,1468]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,1421]" captionTargetId="figure-27@91.[151,1435,181,1421]" captionTargetPageId="91" captionText="FIGURES 221–225. Head and thorax of Scatophila. 221–222. Head of S. pulchra Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 221. Latero-oblique view. 222. Lateral view. 223–225. Head and thorax, dorsal view. 223. Scatophila picta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 224. S. pulchra Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 225. S. rubribrunnea Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210953" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210953/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">225</figureCitation>
)................................. 9
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A587B58FF4EFCF952F6FCB5" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<keyLead id="308995943A587B58FF4EFCF952F6FCB5" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
- Body mostly whitish to grayish white, usually with some darker markings, scutellar disc mostly to entirely whitish (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FA89FCF952F2FCC9" box="[1360,1432,797,819]" captionStart="FIGURES 56–60" captionStartId="35.[151,264,1532,1556]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1508]" captionTargetId="figure-27@35.[151,1435,181,1508]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURES 56–60. Head and thorax of Scatophila. 56–57. Head of S. iowana Wheeler. 56. Latero-oblique view. 57. Lateral view. 58–60. Head and thorax, dorsal view. 58. S. hesperia Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 59. S. iowana Wheeler. 60. S. mesogramma (Loew). Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210811" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210811/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 60</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FF3BFCDE5662FCAA" box="[226,264,826,848]" captionStart="FIGURES 145–147" captionStartId="65.[151,264,1891,1915]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,1106,1867]" captionTargetId="figure-64@65.[151,1435,1103,1867]" captionTargetPageId="65" captionText="FIGURES 145–147. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 145. Scatophila arenaria Cresson, head and thorax, dorsal view. 146–147. Wing, dorsal view. 146. S. bipiliaris Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 147. S. bisignata Cresson. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210875" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210875/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">145</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FECBFCDE5652FCAA" box="[274,312,826,848]" captionStart="FIGURES 156–158" captionStartId="68.[151,264,1913,1937]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,1130,1889]" captionTargetId="figure-70@68.[151,1435,1130,1890]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="FIGURES 156–158. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 156 Scatophila bipiliaris Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, head and thorax, dorsal view. 157–158. Wing, dorsal view. 157. S. conifera Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 158. S. cribrata (Stenhammar). Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210887" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210887/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">156</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FE9BFCDE5602FCAA" box="[322,360,826,848]" captionStart="FIGURES 175–179" captionStartId="76.[151,264,1403,1427]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,181,1379]" captionTargetId="figure-30@76.[164,1423,181,1379]" captionTargetPageId="76" captionText="FIGURES 175–179. Head and thorax of Scatophila. 175–177. Head and thorax, dorsal view. 175. Scatophila bisignata Cresson. 176. S. conifera Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 177. S. cribrata (Stenhammar). 178–179. Head of Scatophila cribrata (Stenhammar). 178. Latero-oblique view. 179. Lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210907" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210907/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">176</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FEABFCDE56F2FCB5" box="[370,408,826,847]" captionStart="FIGURES 191–193" captionStartId="81.[151,264,1941,1965]" captionTargetBox="[151,1423,1150,1917]" captionTargetId="figure-64@81.[151,1435,1150,1917]" captionTargetPageId="81" captionText="FIGURES 191–193. Head, thorax, and wing of Scatophila. 191. Scatophila disjuncta Cresson, head and thorax, dorsal view. 192–193. Wing, dorsal view. 192. S. disjuncta Cresson. 193. S. hirsuta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210921" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210921/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">191</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FE7BFCDE56ADFCB5" box="[418,455,826,847]" captionStart="FIGURES 215–219" captionStartId="89.[151,264,1540,1564]" captionTargetBox="[167,1435,181,1516]" captionTargetId="figure-27@89.[151,1435,181,1517]" captionTargetPageId="89" captionText="FIGURES 215–219. Head, thorax, and wing of Scatophila. 215–216. Head of Scatophila picta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 215. Latero-oblique view. 216. Lateral view. 217. Scatophila mystacina sp. nov., head and thorax, dorsal view. 218–219. Wing, dorsal view. 218. S. pulchra Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 219. S. rubribrunnea Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210947" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210947/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">217</figureCitation>
)............................................................................... 21
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="308C2E043A587B58FF4EFCBC52F6FC18" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A587B58FF4EFCBC52F6FC71" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<keyLead id="308995943A587B58FF4EFCBC52F6FC71" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
9. Body short, body length 
<quantity id="4C809B443A587B58FE02FCB35506FC97" box="[475,620,855,877]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="1.35" valueMax="1.6" valueMin="1.1">1.10–1.60 mm</quantity>
, extensively blackish brown to black (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FC34FCB35341FC97" box="[1005,1067,855,877]" captionStart="FIGURES 3–5" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1310,1334]" captionTargetBox="[178,1435,633,1286]" captionTargetId="figure-236@9.[151,1435,633,1286]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 3–5. Morphological structures of Scatophila. 3. S. ordinaria Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, proboscis, lateral view. 4. S. ordinaria Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, cibarium, posterior view. 5. S. contaminata (Stenhammar), head and thorax, dorsal view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm (3–4), 0.2 mm (5)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210775" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210775/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
); tergites shiny black; knob of halter blackish; gena very short, gena-to-eye ratio 0.12 (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FD66FC915593FC70" box="[703,761,885,907]" captionStart="FIGURES 6–10" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1544,1568]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1520]" captionTargetId="figure-30@14.[151,1435,181,1520]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 6–10. Head, thorax, and wing of Scatophila. 6. Head of S. contaminata (Stenhammar), latero-oblique view. 7. Same, lateral view. 8–9. Wing, dorsal view. 8. S. contaminata (Stenhammar). 9. S. exilis Cresson. 10. S. exilis Cresson, head and thorax, dorsal view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210777" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210777/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
)............................... 
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A587B58FBA4FC9152F6FC71" authority="(Stenhammar)" baseAuthorityName="Stenhammar" baseAuthorityYear="1844" box="[1149,1436,885,907]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="contaminata">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A587B58FBA4FC915267FC70" box="[1149,1293,885,906]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">S. contaminata</emphasis>
(Stenhammar)
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A587B58FF4EFC7752F6FC18" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<keyLead id="308995943A587B58FF4EFC7752F6FC18" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
- Body size variable but usually larger, mesonotum with some grayish areas (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FC74FC765496FC5D" box="[941,1020,914,936]" captionStart="FIGURES 6–10" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1544,1568]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1520]" captionTargetId="figure-30@14.[151,1435,181,1520]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 6–10. Head, thorax, and wing of Scatophila. 6. Head of S. contaminata (Stenhammar), latero-oblique view. 7. Same, lateral view. 8–9. Wing, dorsal view. 8. S. contaminata (Stenhammar). 9. S. exilis Cresson. 10. S. exilis Cresson, head and thorax, dorsal view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210777" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210777/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs. 10</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FBDFFC76534AFC52" box="[1030,1056,914,936]" captionStart="FIGURES 45–47" captionStartId="30.[151,264,1756,1780]" captionTargetBox="[151,1426,947,1732]" captionTargetId="figure-67@30.[151,1435,947,1732]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 45–47. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 45. S. adamsi Cresson, head and thorax, dorsal view. 46–47. Wing, dorsal view. 46. S. iowana Wheeler. 47. S. mesogramma (Loew). Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210803" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210803/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">45</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FBF0FC76530DFC52" box="[1065,1127,914,936]" captionStart="FIGURES 56–60" captionStartId="35.[151,264,1532,1556]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1508]" captionTargetId="figure-27@35.[151,1435,181,1508]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURES 56–60. Head and thorax of Scatophila. 56–57. Head of S. iowana Wheeler. 56. Latero-oblique view. 57. Lateral view. 58–60. Head and thorax, dorsal view. 58. S. hesperia Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 59. S. iowana Wheeler. 60. S. mesogramma (Loew). Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210811" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210811/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">58–59</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FBA9FC7653E0FC5D" box="[1136,1162,914,935]" captionStart="FIGURES 72–76" captionStartId="42.[151,264,1847,1871]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,410,1824]" captionTargetId="figure-121@42.[151,1435,381,1824]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="FIGURES 72–76. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 72–73. Head of S. ordinaria Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 72. Latero-oblique view. 73. Lateral view. 74. S. ordinaria Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, head and thorax, dorsal view. 75–76. Wing, dorsal view. 75. S. ordinaria Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 76. S. viridella Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210823" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210823/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">74</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FB4AFC7653C7FC5D" box="[1171,1197,914,935]" captionStart="FIGURES 89–91" captionStartId="46.[151,264,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[151,1433,1140,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-70@46.[151,1435,1140,1920]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURES 89–91. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 89. Scatophila viridella Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, head and thorax, dorsal view. 90–91. Wing, dorsal view. 90. S. bolwigi sp. nov. 91. S. hirtirostris Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210835" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210835/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">89</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FB6FFC7653B6FC5D" box="[1206,1244,914,935]" captionStart="FIGURES 107–109" captionStartId="53.[151,264,947,971]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,923]" captionTargetId="figure-27@53.[151,1435,181,923]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="FIGURES 107–109. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 107. Scatophila bolwigi sp. nov., head and thorax, dorsal view. 108–109. Wing, dorsal view. 108. S. tuberculosa Cresson. 109. S. unicornis Czerny. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210847" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210847/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">107</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FB3CFC765203FC5D" box="[1253,1385,914,935]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 119–121" captionStart-1="FIGURES 122–124" captionStart-2="FIGURES 125–128" captionStart-3="FIGURE 129" captionStart-4="FIGURES 130–133" captionStart-5="FIGURES 134–136" captionStart-6="FIGURES 137–141" captionStartId-0="57.[151,264,875,899]" captionStartId-1="57.[151,264,1798,1822]" captionStartId-2="58.[151,264,1850,1874]" captionStartId-3="59.[151,250,840,864]" captionStartId-4="61.[151,264,1375,1399]" captionStartId-5="62.[151,264,1325,1349]" captionStartId-6="63.[151,264,1742,1766]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1435,181,851]" captionTargetBox-1="[159,1427,968,1766]" captionTargetBox-2="[163,1435,707,1826]" captionTargetBox-3="[151,1435,181,817]" captionTargetBox-4="[163,1435,181,1349]" captionTargetBox-5="[159,1427,497,1293]" captionTargetBox-6="[151,1435,355,1719]" captionTargetId-0="figure-27@57.[151,1435,181,851]" captionTargetId-1="figure-59@57.[151,1435,960,1774]" captionTargetId-2="figure-178@58.[151,1435,693,1826]" captionTargetId-3="figure-27@59.[151,1435,181,817]" captionTargetId-4="figure-27@61.[151,1435,181,1351]" captionTargetId-5="figure-159@62.[151,1435,489,1301]" captionTargetId-6="figure-93@63.[151,1435,345,1719]" captionTargetPageId-0="57" captionTargetPageId-1="57" captionTargetPageId-2="58" captionTargetPageId-3="59" captionTargetPageId-4="61" captionTargetPageId-5="62" captionTargetPageId-6="63" captionText-0="FIGURES 119–121. Head and thorax, dorsal view. 119. Scatophila hirtirostris Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 120. S. tuberculosa Cresson. 121. S. unicornis Czerny. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." captionText-1="FIGURES 122–124. Male terminalia of Scatophila unicornis Czerny. 122. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 123. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 124. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." captionText-2="FIGURES 125–128. Head of Scatophila unicornis Czerny. 125. Male, latero-oblique view. 126. Male, lateral view. 127. Female, latero-oblique view. 128. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." captionText-3="FIGURE 129. Distribution map of Scatophila hirtirostris Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler (circles), and S. unicornis Czerny (squares) in Nearctic Region" captionText-4="FIGURES 130–133. Head of Scatophila variofacialis Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 130. Male, latero-oblique view. 131. Male, lateral view. 132. Female, latero-oblique view. 133. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." captionText-5="FIGURES 134–136. Male terminalia of Scatophila variofacialis Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 134. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 135. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 136. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." captionText-6="FIGURES 137–141. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 137. S. variofacialis Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, head and thorax, dorsal view. 138–139. Wing, dorsal view 138. S. variofacialis Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 139. S. arenaria Cresson. 140. Head of S. arenaria Cresson, latero-oblique view. 141. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210857" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210859" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210861" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210863" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210865" figureDoi-5="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210867" figureDoi-6="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210869" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/13210857/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/13210859/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/13210861/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/13210863/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/13210865/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/13210867/files/figure.png" httpUri-6="https://zenodo.org/record/13210869/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">119–120. 137</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FAABFC7652F2FC5D" box="[1394,1432,914,935]" captionStart="FIGURES 202–204" captionStartId="85.[151,264,1848,1872]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,1094,1825]" captionTargetId="figure-325@85.[151,1435,1094,1825]" captionTargetPageId="85" captionText="FIGURES 202–204. Head, thorax, and wing of Scatophila. 202. S. hirsuta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, head and thorax, dorsal view. 203. S. mystacina sp. nov. male, wing, dorsal view. 204 S. picta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, wing, dorsal view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210935" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210935/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">202</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FF3BFC4B5660FC3F" box="[226,266,943,965]" captionStart="FIGURES 221–225" captionStartId="91.[151,264,1444,1468]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,1421]" captionTargetId="figure-27@91.[151,1435,181,1421]" captionTargetPageId="91" captionText="FIGURES 221–225. Head and thorax of Scatophila. 221–222. Head of S. pulchra Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 221. Latero-oblique view. 222. Lateral view. 223–225. Head and thorax, dorsal view. 223. Scatophila picta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 224. S. pulchra Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 225. S. rubribrunnea Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210953" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210953/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">225</figureCitation>
); tergites not entirely shiny; knob of halter pale, usually yellowish; gena higher, usually above 0.20 (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FB00FC4B5225FC3F" box="[1241,1359,943,965]" captionStart="FIGURES 14–17" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1564,1588]" captionTargetBox="[172,1436,346,1540]" captionTargetId="figure-98@16.[151,1436,345,1540]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 14–17. Head of Scatophila. 14. S. exilis Cresson, latero-oblique view. 15. Same, lateral view. 16. Scatophila angusta sp. nov., latero-oblique view. 17. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210781" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210781/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs. 15, 17</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FA83FC5452F2FC3F" box="[1370,1432,944,965]" captionStart="FIGURES 38–41" captionStartId="29.[151,264,1329,1353]" captionTargetBox="[163,1435,181,1303]" captionTargetId="figure-27@29.[151,1435,181,1305]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURES 38–41. Head of Scatophila adamsi Cresson. 38. Male, latero-oblique view. 39. male, lateral view. 40. Female, laterooblique view. 41. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210799" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210799/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">39, 41</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FF3BFC29564AFC19" box="[226,288,973,995]" captionStart="FIGURES 49–52" captionStartId="32.[151,264,1329,1353]" captionTargetBox="[177,1435,193,1304]" captionTargetId="figure-30@32.[151,1435,181,1305]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURES 49–52. Head of Scatophila hesperia Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 49. Male, latero-oblique view 50. Male, lateral view. 51. Female, latero-oblique view. 52. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210807" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210807/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">50, 52</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FEF3FC29562EFC19" box="[298,324,973,995]" captionStart="FIGURES 56–60" captionStartId="35.[151,264,1532,1556]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1508]" captionTargetId="figure-27@35.[151,1435,181,1508]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURES 56–60. Head and thorax of Scatophila. 56–57. Head of S. iowana Wheeler. 56. Latero-oblique view. 57. Lateral view. 58–60. Head and thorax, dorsal view. 58. S. hesperia Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 59. S. iowana Wheeler. 60. S. mesogramma (Loew). Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210811" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210811/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">57</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FE97FC295602FC18" box="[334,360,973,994]" captionStart="FIGURES 72–76" captionStartId="42.[151,264,1847,1871]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,410,1824]" captionTargetId="figure-121@42.[151,1435,381,1824]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="FIGURES 72–76. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 72–73. Head of S. ordinaria Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 72. Latero-oblique view. 73. Lateral view. 74. S. ordinaria Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, head and thorax, dorsal view. 75–76. Wing, dorsal view. 75. S. ordinaria Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 76. S. viridella Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210823" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210823/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">73</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FEABFC2956DAFC19" box="[370,432,973,995]" captionStart="FIGURES 82–85" captionStartId="45.[151,264,1879,1903]" captionTargetBox="[165,1435,681,1856]" captionTargetId="figure-246@45.[151,1435,669,1856]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURES 82–85. Head of Scatophila viridella Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 82. Male, latero-oblique view 83. Male, lateral view. 84. Female, latero-oblique view. 85. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210831" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210831/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">83, 85</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FE63FC295692FC19" box="[442,504,973,995]" captionStart="FIGURES 93–96" captionStartId="49.[151,264,1642,1666]" captionTargetBox="[171,1435,387,1618]" captionTargetId="figure-109@49.[151,1435,381,1618]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="FIGURES 93–96. Head of Scatophila bolwigi sp. nov. 93. Male, latero-oblique view. 94. Male, lateral view. 95. Female, laterooblique view. 96. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210839" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210839/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">94, 96</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FDDBFC295532FC18" box="[514,600,973,994]" captionStart="FIGURES 100–103" captionStartId="51.[151,264,1785,1809]" captionTargetBox="[164,1435,617,1761]" captionTargetId="figure-139@51.[151,1435,617,1761]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURES 100–103. Head of Scatophila hirtirostris Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 100. Male, latero–oblique view. 101. Male, lateral view. 102. Female, latero-oblique view. 103. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210843" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210843/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">101, 103</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FDBBFC2955DCFC18" box="[610,694,973,994]" captionStart="FIGURES 111–114" captionStartId="55.[151,264,1537,1561]" captionTargetBox="[165,1435,309,1512]" captionTargetId="figure-91@55.[151,1435,309,1514]" captionTargetPageId="55" captionText="FIGURES 111–114. Head of Scatophila tuberculosa Cresson. 111. Male, latero-oblique view. 112. Male, lateral view. 113. Female, latero-oblique view. 114. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210851" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210851/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">112, 114</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FD19FC29547CFC18" box="[704,790,973,994]" captionStart="FIGURES 130–133" captionStartId="61.[151,264,1375,1399]" captionTargetBox="[163,1435,181,1349]" captionTargetId="figure-27@61.[151,1435,181,1351]" captionTargetPageId="61" captionText="FIGURES 130–133. Head of Scatophila variofacialis Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 130. Male, latero-oblique view. 131. Male, lateral view. 132. Female, latero-oblique view. 133. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210865" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210865/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">131, 133</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FCF9FC29541CFC18" box="[800,886,973,995]" captionStart="FIGURES 195–198" captionStartId="83.[151,264,1421,1445]" captionTargetBox="[172,1435,193,1397]" captionTargetId="figure-27@83.[151,1435,181,1397]" captionTargetPageId="83" captionText="FIGURES 195–198. Head of Scatophila hirsuta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 195. Male, latero-oblique view 196. Male, lateral view. 197. Female, latero-oblique view. 198. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210927" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210927/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">196, 198</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FC59FC2954BFFC18" box="[896,981,973,994]" captionStart="FIGURES 229–232" captionStartId="94.[151,264,1377,1401]" captionTargetBox="[168,1435,273,1354]" captionTargetId="figure-65@94.[151,1435,273,1354]" captionTargetPageId="94" captionText="FIGURES 229–232. Head of Scatophila rubribrunnea Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 229. Male, latero-oblique view. 230. Male, lateral view. 231. Female, latero-oblique view. 232. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210959" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210959/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">230, 232</figureCitation>
)................................... 10
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="308C2E043A587B58FF4EFC0E52F6FBAD" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A587B58FF4EFC0E52F6FBE7" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<keyLead id="308995943A587B58FF4EFC0E52F6FBE7" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
10. Acrostichal setae of uniform, small size, arranged in 2 regular rows (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FCA8FC0E54ABFBFA" box="[881,961,1002,1024]" captionStart="FIGURES 56–60" captionStartId="35.[151,264,1532,1556]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1508]" captionTargetId="figure-27@35.[151,1435,181,1508]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURES 56–60. Head and thorax of Scatophila. 56–57. Head of S. iowana Wheeler. 56. Latero-oblique view. 57. Lateral view. 58–60. Head and thorax, dorsal view. 58. S. hesperia Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 59. S. iowana Wheeler. 60. S. mesogramma (Loew). Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210811" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210811/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs. 59</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FC12FC0E548CFC05" box="[971,998,1002,1023]" captionStart="FIGURES 72–76" captionStartId="42.[151,264,1847,1871]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,410,1824]" captionTargetId="figure-121@42.[151,1435,381,1824]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="FIGURES 72–76. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 72–73. Head of S. ordinaria Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 72. Latero-oblique view. 73. Lateral view. 74. S. ordinaria Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, head and thorax, dorsal view. 75–76. Wing, dorsal view. 75. S. ordinaria Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 76. S. viridella Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210823" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210823/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">74</figureCitation>
); scutum generally tannish with scutal pattern not or barely evident.................................................................................. 11
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A587B58FF4EFBC152F6FBAD" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<keyLead id="308995943A587B58FF4EFBC152F6FBAD" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
- Acrostichal setae usually irregular in size and arrangement, rarely formed in 2 regular rows (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FB81FBC153F4FBC0" box="[1112,1182,1061,1083]" captionStart="FIGURES 6–10" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1544,1568]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1520]" captionTargetId="figure-30@14.[151,1435,181,1520]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 6–10. Head, thorax, and wing of Scatophila. 6. Head of S. contaminata (Stenhammar), latero-oblique view. 7. Same, lateral view. 8–9. Wing, dorsal view. 8. S. contaminata (Stenhammar). 9. S. exilis Cresson. 10. S. exilis Cresson, head and thorax, dorsal view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210777" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210777/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FB71FBC153A8FBC1" box="[1192,1218,1061,1083]" captionStart="FIGURES 45–47" captionStartId="30.[151,264,1756,1780]" captionTargetBox="[151,1426,947,1732]" captionTargetId="figure-67@30.[151,1435,947,1732]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 45–47. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 45. S. adamsi Cresson, head and thorax, dorsal view. 46–47. Wing, dorsal view. 46. S. iowana Wheeler. 47. S. mesogramma (Loew). Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210803" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210803/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">45</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FB15FBC1538CFBC1" box="[1228,1254,1061,1083]" captionStart="FIGURES 56–60" captionStartId="35.[151,264,1532,1556]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1508]" captionTargetId="figure-27@35.[151,1435,181,1508]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURES 56–60. Head and thorax of Scatophila. 56–57. Head of S. iowana Wheeler. 56. Latero-oblique view. 57. Lateral view. 58–60. Head and thorax, dorsal view. 58. S. hesperia Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 59. S. iowana Wheeler. 60. S. mesogramma (Loew). Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210811" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210811/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">58</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FB29FBC15260FBC0" box="[1264,1290,1061,1082]" captionStart="FIGURES 89–91" captionStartId="46.[151,264,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[151,1433,1140,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-70@46.[151,1435,1140,1920]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURES 89–91. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 89. Scatophila viridella Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, head and thorax, dorsal view. 90–91. Wing, dorsal view. 90. S. bolwigi sp. nov. 91. S. hirtirostris Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210835" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210835/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">89</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FACAFBC15253FBC0" box="[1299,1337,1061,1082]" captionStart="FIGURES 107–109" captionStartId="53.[151,264,947,971]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,923]" captionTargetId="figure-27@53.[151,1435,181,923]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="FIGURES 107–109. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 107. Scatophila bolwigi sp. nov., head and thorax, dorsal view. 108–109. Wing, dorsal view. 108. S. tuberculosa Cresson. 109. S. unicornis Czerny. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210847" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210847/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">107</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FA9AFBC15662FBAD" captionStart-0="FIGURES 119–121" captionStart-1="FIGURES 122–124" captionStart-2="FIGURES 125–128" captionStart-3="FIGURE 129" captionStart-4="FIGURES 130–133" captionStart-5="FIGURES 134–136" captionStart-6="FIGURES 137–141" captionStartId-0="57.[151,264,875,899]" captionStartId-1="57.[151,264,1798,1822]" captionStartId-2="58.[151,264,1850,1874]" captionStartId-3="59.[151,250,840,864]" captionStartId-4="61.[151,264,1375,1399]" captionStartId-5="62.[151,264,1325,1349]" captionStartId-6="63.[151,264,1742,1766]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1435,181,851]" captionTargetBox-1="[159,1427,968,1766]" captionTargetBox-2="[163,1435,707,1826]" captionTargetBox-3="[151,1435,181,817]" captionTargetBox-4="[163,1435,181,1349]" captionTargetBox-5="[159,1427,497,1293]" captionTargetBox-6="[151,1435,355,1719]" captionTargetId-0="figure-27@57.[151,1435,181,851]" captionTargetId-1="figure-59@57.[151,1435,960,1774]" captionTargetId-2="figure-178@58.[151,1435,693,1826]" captionTargetId-3="figure-27@59.[151,1435,181,817]" captionTargetId-4="figure-27@61.[151,1435,181,1351]" captionTargetId-5="figure-159@62.[151,1435,489,1301]" captionTargetId-6="figure-93@63.[151,1435,345,1719]" captionTargetPageId-0="57" captionTargetPageId-1="57" captionTargetPageId-2="58" captionTargetPageId-3="59" captionTargetPageId-4="61" captionTargetPageId-5="62" captionTargetPageId-6="63" captionText-0="FIGURES 119–121. Head and thorax, dorsal view. 119. Scatophila hirtirostris Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 120. S. tuberculosa Cresson. 121. S. unicornis Czerny. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." captionText-1="FIGURES 122–124. Male terminalia of Scatophila unicornis Czerny. 122. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 123. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 124. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." captionText-2="FIGURES 125–128. Head of Scatophila unicornis Czerny. 125. Male, latero-oblique view. 126. Male, lateral view. 127. Female, latero-oblique view. 128. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." captionText-3="FIGURE 129. Distribution map of Scatophila hirtirostris Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler (circles), and S. unicornis Czerny (squares) in Nearctic Region" captionText-4="FIGURES 130–133. Head of Scatophila variofacialis Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 130. Male, latero-oblique view. 131. Male, lateral view. 132. Female, latero-oblique view. 133. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." captionText-5="FIGURES 134–136. Male terminalia of Scatophila variofacialis Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 134. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 135. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 136. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." captionText-6="FIGURES 137–141. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 137. S. variofacialis Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, head and thorax, dorsal view. 138–139. Wing, dorsal view 138. S. variofacialis Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 139. S. arenaria Cresson. 140. Head of S. arenaria Cresson, latero-oblique view. 141. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210857" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210859" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210861" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210863" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210865" figureDoi-5="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210867" figureDoi-6="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210869" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/13210857/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/13210859/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/13210861/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/13210863/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/13210865/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/13210867/files/figure.png" httpUri-6="https://zenodo.org/record/13210869/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">119–120. 137</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FECBFBA65652FBAD" box="[274,312,1090,1111]" captionStart="FIGURES 202–204" captionStartId="85.[151,264,1848,1872]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,1094,1825]" captionTargetId="figure-325@85.[151,1435,1094,1825]" captionTargetPageId="85" captionText="FIGURES 202–204. Head, thorax, and wing of Scatophila. 202. S. hirsuta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, head and thorax, dorsal view. 203. S. mystacina sp. nov. male, wing, dorsal view. 204 S. picta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, wing, dorsal view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210935" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210935/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">202</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FE9BFBA65603FBA2" box="[322,361,1090,1112]" captionStart="FIGURES 221–225" captionStartId="91.[151,264,1444,1468]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,1421]" captionTargetId="figure-27@91.[151,1435,181,1421]" captionTargetPageId="91" captionText="FIGURES 221–225. Head and thorax of Scatophila. 221–222. Head of S. pulchra Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 221. Latero-oblique view. 222. Lateral view. 223–225. Head and thorax, dorsal view. 223. Scatophila picta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 224. S. pulchra Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 225. S. rubribrunnea Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210953" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210953/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">225</figureCitation>
), scutal pattern usually evident (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FD79FBA6558CFBAD" box="[672,742,1090,1112]" captionStart="FIGURES 6–10" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1544,1568]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1520]" captionTargetId="figure-30@14.[151,1435,181,1520]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 6–10. Head, thorax, and wing of Scatophila. 6. Head of S. contaminata (Stenhammar), latero-oblique view. 7. Same, lateral view. 8–9. Wing, dorsal view. 8. S. contaminata (Stenhammar). 9. S. exilis Cresson. 10. S. exilis Cresson, head and thorax, dorsal view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210777" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210777/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FD29FBA65460FBA2" box="[752,778,1090,1112]" captionStart="FIGURES 45–47" captionStartId="30.[151,264,1756,1780]" captionTargetBox="[151,1426,947,1732]" captionTargetId="figure-67@30.[151,1435,947,1732]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 45–47. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 45. S. adamsi Cresson, head and thorax, dorsal view. 46–47. Wing, dorsal view. 46. S. iowana Wheeler. 47. S. mesogramma (Loew). Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210803" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210803/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">45</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FCCDFBA65444FBA2" box="[788,814,1090,1112]" captionStart="FIGURES 56–60" captionStartId="35.[151,264,1532,1556]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1508]" captionTargetId="figure-27@35.[151,1435,181,1508]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURES 56–60. Head and thorax of Scatophila. 56–57. Head of S. iowana Wheeler. 56. Latero-oblique view. 57. Lateral view. 58–60. Head and thorax, dorsal view. 58. S. hesperia Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 59. S. iowana Wheeler. 60. S. mesogramma (Loew). Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210811" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210811/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">58</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FCE1FBA65438FBAD" box="[824,850,1090,1111]" captionStart="FIGURES 89–91" captionStartId="46.[151,264,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[151,1433,1140,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-70@46.[151,1435,1140,1920]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURES 89–91. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 89. Scatophila viridella Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, head and thorax, dorsal view. 90–91. Wing, dorsal view. 90. S. bolwigi sp. nov. 91. S. hirtirostris Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210835" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210835/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">89</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FC85FBA654E8FBAD" box="[860,898,1090,1111]" captionStart="FIGURES 107–109" captionStartId="53.[151,264,947,971]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,923]" captionTargetId="figure-27@53.[151,1435,181,923]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="FIGURES 107–109. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 107. Scatophila bolwigi sp. nov., head and thorax, dorsal view. 108–109. Wing, dorsal view. 108. S. tuberculosa Cresson. 109. S. unicornis Czerny. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210847" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210847/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">107</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FC55FBA65488FBAD" box="[908,994,1090,1111]" captionStart="FIGURES 119–121" captionStartId="57.[151,264,875,899]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,851]" captionTargetId="figure-27@57.[151,1435,181,851]" captionTargetPageId="57" captionText="FIGURES 119–121. Head and thorax, dorsal view. 119. Scatophila hirtirostris Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 120. S. tuberculosa Cresson. 121. S. unicornis Czerny. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210857" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210857/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">119–120</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FC35FBA65378FBAD" box="[1004,1042,1090,1111]" captionStart="FIGURES 137–141" captionStartId="63.[151,264,1742,1766]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,355,1719]" captionTargetId="figure-93@63.[151,1435,345,1719]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="FIGURES 137–141. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 137. S. variofacialis Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, head and thorax, dorsal view. 138–139. Wing, dorsal view 138. S. variofacialis Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 139. S. arenaria Cresson. 140. Head of S. arenaria Cresson, latero-oblique view. 141. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210869" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210869/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">137</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FBC5FBA65328FBAD" box="[1052,1090,1090,1111]" captionStart="FIGURES 202–204" captionStartId="85.[151,264,1848,1872]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,1094,1825]" captionTargetId="figure-325@85.[151,1435,1094,1825]" captionTargetPageId="85" captionText="FIGURES 202–204. Head, thorax, and wing of Scatophila. 202. S. hirsuta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, head and thorax, dorsal view. 203. S. mystacina sp. nov. male, wing, dorsal view. 204 S. picta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, wing, dorsal view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210935" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210935/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">202</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FB95FBA6531BFBA2" box="[1100,1137,1090,1112]" captionStart="FIGURES 221–225" captionStartId="91.[151,264,1444,1468]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,1421]" captionTargetId="figure-27@91.[151,1435,181,1421]" captionTargetPageId="91" captionText="FIGURES 221–225. Head and thorax of Scatophila. 221–222. Head of S. pulchra Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 221. Latero-oblique view. 222. Lateral view. 223–225. Head and thorax, dorsal view. 223. Scatophila picta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 224. S. pulchra Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 225. S. rubribrunnea Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210953" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210953/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">225</figureCitation>
)...................... 12
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="308C2E043A587B58FF4EFB8452F6FB37" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A587B58FF4EFB8452F6FB69" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<keyLead id="308995943A587B58FF4EFB8452F6FB69" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
11. Epandrium with ventral margin widely concave, width much wider than width of cercal cavity (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FBA2FBBB53A9FB8F" box="[1147,1219,1119,1141]" captionStart="FIGURES 77–80" captionStartId="43.[151,264,993,1017]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,961]" captionTargetId="figure-27@43.[151,1435,181,969]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIGURES 77–80. Male terminalia of Scatophila ordinaria Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 77. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 78. Same, lateral view. 79. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 80. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210827" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210827/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 77</figureCitation>
), produced laterally as a thumb-like, short, process................................................. 
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A587B58FB98FB9952F6FB69" authority="Sturtevant and Wheeler" authorityName="Sturtevant and Wheeler" box="[1089,1436,1149,1171]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ordinaria">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A587B58FB98FB9953DEFB68" box="[1089,1204,1149,1170]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">S. ordinaria</emphasis>
Sturtevant and Wheeler
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A587B58FF4EFB7F52F6FB37" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<keyLead id="308995943A587B58FF4EFB7F52F6FB37" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
- Epandrium with ventral margin truncate, width about equal to width of cercal cavity, not produced laterally (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FB2DFB7E5250FB4A" box="[1268,1338,1178,1200]" captionStart="FIGURES 61–63" captionStartId="36.[151,264,898,922]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,866]" captionTargetId="figure-30@36.[151,1435,181,874]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURES 61–63. Male terminalia of Scatophila iowana Wheeler. 61. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 62. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 63. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210813" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210813/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 61</figureCitation>
)............................................................................................ 
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A587B58FB3EFB5C52F6FB37" authority="Wheeler" authorityName="Wheeler" box="[1255,1436,1207,1229]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="iowana">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A587B58FB3EFB5C522CFB37" box="[1255,1350,1208,1229]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">S. iowana</emphasis>
Wheeler
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="308C2E043A587B58FF4EFB3152F6FA87" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A587B58FF4EFB3152F6FADF" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<keyLead id="308995943A587B58FF4EFB3152F6FADF" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
12. 
<collectionCode id="ED69AE643A587B58FF3BFB315798FB10" box="[226,242,1237,1258]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="Herbarium">A</collectionCode>
prescutellar pair of acrostichal setae well developed, subequal to length of ocellar setae (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FB9BFB3153E3FB10" box="[1090,1161,1237,1259]" captionStart="FIGURES 6–10" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1544,1568]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1520]" captionTargetId="figure-30@14.[151,1435,181,1520]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 6–10. Head, thorax, and wing of Scatophila. 6. Head of S. contaminata (Stenhammar), latero-oblique view. 7. Same, lateral view. 8–9. Wing, dorsal view. 8. S. contaminata (Stenhammar). 9. S. exilis Cresson. 10. S. exilis Cresson, head and thorax, dorsal view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210777" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210777/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
); small species, length 
<quantity id="4C809B443A587B58FABFFB315653FAF2" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.475" metricValueMax="1.55" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="1.475" valueMax="1.55" valueMin="1.4">1.40– 1.55 mm</quantity>
, scutal pattern gray (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FE26FB16552DFAFD" box="[511,583,1266,1288]" captionStart="FIGURES 6–10" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1544,1568]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1520]" captionTargetId="figure-30@14.[151,1435,181,1520]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 6–10. Head, thorax, and wing of Scatophila. 6. Head of S. contaminata (Stenhammar), latero-oblique view. 7. Same, lateral view. 8–9. Wing, dorsal view. 8. S. contaminata (Stenhammar). 9. S. exilis Cresson. 10. S. exilis Cresson, head and thorax, dorsal view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210777" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210777/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
); wings highly spotted (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FCF5FB16540CFAFD" box="[812,870,1266,1288]" captionStart="FIGURES 6–10" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1544,1568]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1520]" captionTargetId="figure-30@14.[151,1435,181,1520]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 6–10. Head, thorax, and wing of Scatophila. 6. Head of S. contaminata (Stenhammar), latero-oblique view. 7. Same, lateral view. 8–9. Wing, dorsal view. 8. S. contaminata (Stenhammar). 9. S. exilis Cresson. 10. S. exilis Cresson, head and thorax, dorsal view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210777" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210777/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
); legs black; cephalic setae well developed (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FAD7FB165213FAF2" box="[1294,1401,1266,1288]" captionStart="FIGURES 14–17" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1564,1588]" captionTargetBox="[172,1436,346,1540]" captionTargetId="figure-98@16.[151,1436,345,1540]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 14–17. Head of Scatophila. 14. S. exilis Cresson, latero-oblique view. 15. Same, lateral view. 16. Scatophila angusta sp. nov., latero-oblique view. 17. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210781" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210781/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 14–15</figureCitation>
); 
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD283A587B58FA53FB1752F6FAF2" box="[1418,1436,1267,1288]" count="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
and 
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD283A587B58FED3FAF45676FADF" box="[266,284,1296,1317]" count="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
with similar faces.................................................................... 
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A587B58FB27FAF452F6FADF" authority="Cresson" authorityName="Cresson" box="[1278,1436,1295,1317]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="exilis">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A587B58FB27FAF45223FADE" box="[1278,1353,1295,1317]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">S. exilis</emphasis>
Cresson
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A587B58FF4EFAC952F6FA87" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<keyLead id="308995943A587B58FF4EFAC952F6FA87" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
- Presutural acrostichal setae at most slightly enlarged (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FD2CFAC95454FAB9" box="[757,830,1325,1347]" captionStart="FIGURES 45–47" captionStartId="30.[151,264,1756,1780]" captionTargetBox="[151,1426,947,1732]" captionTargetId="figure-67@30.[151,1435,947,1732]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 45–47. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 45. S. adamsi Cresson, head and thorax, dorsal view. 46–47. Wing, dorsal view. 46. S. iowana Wheeler. 47. S. mesogramma (Loew). Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210803" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210803/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 45</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FC93FAC954E3FAB9" box="[842,905,1325,1347]" captionStart="FIGURES 56–60" captionStartId="35.[151,264,1532,1556]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1508]" captionTargetId="figure-27@35.[151,1435,181,1508]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURES 56–60. Head and thorax of Scatophila. 56–57. Head of S. iowana Wheeler. 56. Latero-oblique view. 57. Lateral view. 58–60. Head and thorax, dorsal view. 58. S. hesperia Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 59. S. iowana Wheeler. 60. S. mesogramma (Loew). Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210811" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210811/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">58–59</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FC4CFAC954C5FAB8" box="[917,943,1325,1346]" captionStart="FIGURES 72–76" captionStartId="42.[151,264,1847,1871]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,410,1824]" captionTargetId="figure-121@42.[151,1435,381,1824]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="FIGURES 72–76. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 72–73. Head of S. ordinaria Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 72. Latero-oblique view. 73. Lateral view. 74. S. ordinaria Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, head and thorax, dorsal view. 75–76. Wing, dorsal view. 75. S. ordinaria Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 76. S. viridella Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210823" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210823/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">74</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FC62FAC954BFFAB8" box="[955,981,1325,1346]" captionStart="FIGURES 89–91" captionStartId="46.[151,264,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[151,1433,1140,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-70@46.[151,1435,1140,1920]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURES 89–91. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 89. Scatophila viridella Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, head and thorax, dorsal view. 90–91. Wing, dorsal view. 90. S. bolwigi sp. nov. 91. S. hirtirostris Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210835" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210835/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">89</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FC38FAC9536DFAB8" box="[993,1031,1325,1346]" captionStart="FIGURES 107–109" captionStartId="53.[151,264,947,971]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,923]" captionTargetId="figure-27@53.[151,1435,181,923]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="FIGURES 107–109. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 107. Scatophila bolwigi sp. nov., head and thorax, dorsal view. 108–109. Wing, dorsal view. 108. S. tuberculosa Cresson. 109. S. unicornis Czerny. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210847" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210847/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">107</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FBCAFAC953F0FAB8" box="[1043,1178,1325,1346]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 119–121" captionStart-1="FIGURES 122–124" captionStart-2="FIGURES 125–128" captionStart-3="FIGURE 129" captionStart-4="FIGURES 130–133" captionStart-5="FIGURES 134–136" captionStart-6="FIGURES 137–141" captionStartId-0="57.[151,264,875,899]" captionStartId-1="57.[151,264,1798,1822]" captionStartId-2="58.[151,264,1850,1874]" captionStartId-3="59.[151,250,840,864]" captionStartId-4="61.[151,264,1375,1399]" captionStartId-5="62.[151,264,1325,1349]" captionStartId-6="63.[151,264,1742,1766]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1435,181,851]" captionTargetBox-1="[159,1427,968,1766]" captionTargetBox-2="[163,1435,707,1826]" captionTargetBox-3="[151,1435,181,817]" captionTargetBox-4="[163,1435,181,1349]" captionTargetBox-5="[159,1427,497,1293]" captionTargetBox-6="[151,1435,355,1719]" captionTargetId-0="figure-27@57.[151,1435,181,851]" captionTargetId-1="figure-59@57.[151,1435,960,1774]" captionTargetId-2="figure-178@58.[151,1435,693,1826]" captionTargetId-3="figure-27@59.[151,1435,181,817]" captionTargetId-4="figure-27@61.[151,1435,181,1351]" captionTargetId-5="figure-159@62.[151,1435,489,1301]" captionTargetId-6="figure-93@63.[151,1435,345,1719]" captionTargetPageId-0="57" captionTargetPageId-1="57" captionTargetPageId-2="58" captionTargetPageId-3="59" captionTargetPageId-4="61" captionTargetPageId-5="62" captionTargetPageId-6="63" captionText-0="FIGURES 119–121. Head and thorax, dorsal view. 119. Scatophila hirtirostris Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 120. S. tuberculosa Cresson. 121. S. unicornis Czerny. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." captionText-1="FIGURES 122–124. Male terminalia of Scatophila unicornis Czerny. 122. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 123. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 124. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." captionText-2="FIGURES 125–128. Head of Scatophila unicornis Czerny. 125. Male, latero-oblique view. 126. Male, lateral view. 127. Female, latero-oblique view. 128. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." captionText-3="FIGURE 129. Distribution map of Scatophila hirtirostris Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler (circles), and S. unicornis Czerny (squares) in Nearctic Region" captionText-4="FIGURES 130–133. Head of Scatophila variofacialis Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 130. Male, latero-oblique view. 131. Male, lateral view. 132. Female, latero-oblique view. 133. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." captionText-5="FIGURES 134–136. Male terminalia of Scatophila variofacialis Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 134. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 135. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 136. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." captionText-6="FIGURES 137–141. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 137. S. variofacialis Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, head and thorax, dorsal view. 138–139. Wing, dorsal view 138. S. variofacialis Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 139. S. arenaria Cresson. 140. Head of S. arenaria Cresson, latero-oblique view. 141. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210857" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210859" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210861" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210863" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210865" figureDoi-5="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210867" figureDoi-6="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210869" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/13210857/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/13210859/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/13210861/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/13210863/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/13210865/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/13210867/files/figure.png" httpUri-6="https://zenodo.org/record/13210869/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">119–120. 137</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FB7FFAC953A6FAB8" box="[1190,1228,1325,1346]" captionStart="FIGURES 202–204" captionStartId="85.[151,264,1848,1872]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,1094,1825]" captionTargetId="figure-325@85.[151,1435,1094,1825]" captionTargetPageId="85" captionText="FIGURES 202–204. Head, thorax, and wing of Scatophila. 202. S. hirsuta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, head and thorax, dorsal view. 203. S. mystacina sp. nov. male, wing, dorsal view. 204 S. picta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, wing, dorsal view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210935" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210935/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">202</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FB00FAC9526BFAB9" box="[1241,1281,1325,1347]" captionStart="FIGURES 221–225" captionStartId="91.[151,264,1444,1468]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,1421]" captionTargetId="figure-27@91.[151,1435,181,1421]" captionTargetPageId="91" captionText="FIGURES 221–225. Head and thorax of Scatophila. 221–222. Head of S. pulchra Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 221. Latero-oblique view. 222. Lateral view. 223–225. Head and thorax, dorsal view. 223. Scatophila picta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 224. S. pulchra Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 225. S. rubribrunnea Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210953" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210953/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">225</figureCitation>
); face of 
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD283A587B58FAB9FAC95218FAB8" box="[1376,1394,1325,1346]" count="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
and 
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD283A587B58FF3BFAAF579EFA9A" box="[226,244,1355,1376]" count="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
sexually dimorphic, 
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD283A587B58FE1BFAAF56BEFA9A" box="[450,468,1355,1376]" count="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
concave, flattened, protuberant, incised, tuberculate or otherwise modified from female 
<typeStatus id="54C388033A587B58FAEDFAAF5237FA9A" box="[1332,1373,1355,1376]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">type</typeStatus>
(
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FAB5FAAE564AFA87" captionStart="FIGURES 38–41" captionStartId="29.[151,264,1329,1353]" captionTargetBox="[163,1435,181,1303]" captionTargetId="figure-27@29.[151,1435,181,1305]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURES 38–41. Head of Scatophila adamsi Cresson. 38. Male, latero-oblique view. 39. male, lateral view. 40. Female, laterooblique view. 41. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210799" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210799/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs. 38–41</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FEF3FA835603FA87" box="[298,361,1383,1405]" captionStart="FIGURES 49–52" captionStartId="32.[151,264,1329,1353]" captionTargetBox="[177,1435,193,1304]" captionTargetId="figure-30@32.[151,1435,181,1305]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURES 49–52. Head of Scatophila hesperia Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 49. Male, latero-oblique view 50. Male, lateral view. 51. Female, latero-oblique view. 52. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210807" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210807/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">49–52</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FEABFA8356DAFA87" box="[370,432,1383,1405]" captionStart="FIGURES 82–85" captionStartId="45.[151,264,1879,1903]" captionTargetBox="[165,1435,681,1856]" captionTargetId="figure-246@45.[151,1435,669,1856]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURES 82–85. Head of Scatophila viridella Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 82. Male, latero-oblique view 83. Male, lateral view. 84. Female, latero-oblique view. 85. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210831" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210831/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">82–85</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FE63FA835692FA87" box="[442,504,1383,1405]" captionStart="FIGURES 93–96" captionStartId="49.[151,264,1642,1666]" captionTargetBox="[171,1435,387,1618]" captionTargetId="figure-109@49.[151,1435,381,1618]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="FIGURES 93–96. Head of Scatophila bolwigi sp. nov. 93. Male, latero-oblique view. 94. Male, lateral view. 95. Female, laterooblique view. 96. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210839" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210839/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">93–96</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FDDBFA8C5532FA87" box="[514,600,1384,1405]" captionStart="FIGURES 100–103" captionStartId="51.[151,264,1785,1809]" captionTargetBox="[164,1435,617,1761]" captionTargetId="figure-139@51.[151,1435,617,1761]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURES 100–103. Head of Scatophila hirtirostris Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 100. Male, latero–oblique view. 101. Male, lateral view. 102. Female, latero-oblique view. 103. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210843" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210843/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">100–103</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FDBBFA8C55DFFA87" box="[610,693,1384,1405]" captionStart="FIGURES 111–114" captionStartId="55.[151,264,1537,1561]" captionTargetBox="[165,1435,309,1512]" captionTargetId="figure-91@55.[151,1435,309,1514]" captionTargetPageId="55" captionText="FIGURES 111–114. Head of Scatophila tuberculosa Cresson. 111. Male, latero-oblique view. 112. Male, lateral view. 113. Female, latero-oblique view. 114. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210851" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210851/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">111–114</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FD66FA83547FFA87" box="[703,789,1383,1405]" captionStart="FIGURES 195–198" captionStartId="83.[151,264,1421,1445]" captionTargetBox="[172,1435,193,1397]" captionTargetId="figure-27@83.[151,1435,181,1397]" captionTargetPageId="83" captionText="FIGURES 195–198. Head of Scatophila hirsuta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 195. Male, latero-oblique view 196. Male, lateral view. 197. Female, latero-oblique view. 198. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210927" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210927/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">195–198</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FCC6FA8C541FFA87" box="[799,885,1384,1405]" captionStart="FIGURES 229–232" captionStartId="94.[151,264,1377,1401]" captionTargetBox="[168,1435,273,1354]" captionTargetId="figure-65@94.[151,1435,273,1354]" captionTargetPageId="94" captionText="FIGURES 229–232. Head of Scatophila rubribrunnea Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 229. Male, latero-oblique view. 230. Male, lateral view. 231. Female, latero-oblique view. 232. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210959" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210959/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">229–232</figureCitation>
)........................................... 13
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="308C2E043A587B58FF4EFA6152F6FA4D" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A587B58FF4EFA6152F6FA60" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2021]" box="[151,1436,1413,1435]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<keyLead id="308995943A587B58FF4EFA6152F6FA60" box="[151,1436,1413,1435]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">13. Abdomen black, noticeably shiny, especially on posterior tergites, basal tergites at most thinly microtomentose.......... 14</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A587B58FF4EFA4752F6FA4D" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2021]" box="[151,1436,1442,1464]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<keyLead id="308995943A587B58FF4EFA4752F6FA4D" box="[151,1436,1442,1464]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">- Abdomen brown to black, rather heavily microtomentose, rarely subshiny....................................... 18</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="308C2E043A587B58FF4EFA2452F6F9B1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A587B58FF4EFA2452F6F9EA" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<keyLead id="308995943A587B58FF4EFA2452F6F9EA" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
14. Wing yellow at base, otherwise with a conspicuous pattern of white spots in largely infuscate remigium (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FB3AFA5B5246FA2F" box="[1251,1324,1471,1493]" captionStart="FIGURES 31–33" captionStartId="23.[151,264,958,982]" captionTargetBox="[151,1425,181,934]" captionTargetId="figure-27@23.[151,1435,181,935]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURES 31–33. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 31. S. variabilis Cresson, head and thorax, dorsal view. 32–33. Wing, dorsal view. 32. S. adamsi Cresson. 33. S. hesperia Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210793" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210793/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 33</figureCitation>
); scutellum with a distinct basal, gray triangle (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FDE0FA3955EBFA09" box="[569,641,1501,1523]" captionStart="FIGURES 56–60" captionStartId="35.[151,264,1532,1556]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1508]" captionTargetId="figure-27@35.[151,1435,181,1508]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURES 56–60. Head and thorax of Scatophila. 56–57. Head of S. iowana Wheeler. 56. Latero-oblique view. 57. Lateral view. 58–60. Head and thorax, dorsal view. 58. S. hesperia Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 59. S. iowana Wheeler. 60. S. mesogramma (Loew). Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210811" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210811/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 58</figureCitation>
); face of 
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD283A587B58FD04FA395585FA08" box="[733,751,1501,1522]" count="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
flat to concave (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FC4AFA395363FA09" box="[915,1033,1501,1523]" captionStart="FIGURES 49–52" captionStartId="32.[151,264,1329,1353]" captionTargetBox="[177,1435,193,1304]" captionTargetId="figure-30@32.[151,1435,181,1305]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURES 49–52. Head of Scatophila hesperia Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 49. Male, latero-oblique view 50. Male, lateral view. 51. Female, latero-oblique view. 52. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210807" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210807/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs. 49–50</figureCitation>
), the margin protuberant, grayish to more golden yellow............................................................. 
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A587B58FB90FA1F52F6F9EA" authority="Sturtevant and Wheeler" authorityName="Sturtevant and Wheeler" box="[1097,1436,1530,1552]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hesperia">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A587B58FB90FA1F53DEF9F5" box="[1097,1204,1530,1552]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">S. hesperia</emphasis>
Sturtevant and Wheeler
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A587B58FF4EF9FC52F6F9B1" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<keyLead id="308995943A587B58FF4EF9FC52F6F9B1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
- Wing not strongly yellow at base (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FDE9F9F355CFF9D7" box="[560,677,1559,1581]" captionStart="FIGURES 89–91" captionStartId="46.[151,264,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[151,1433,1140,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-70@46.[151,1435,1140,1920]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURES 89–91. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 89. Scatophila viridella Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, head and thorax, dorsal view. 90–91. Wing, dorsal view. 90. S. bolwigi sp. nov. 91. S. hirtirostris Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210835" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210835/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs. 90–91</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FD69F9FC55BCF9D7" box="[688,726,1560,1581]" captionStart="FIGURES 107–109" captionStartId="53.[151,264,947,971]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,923]" captionTargetId="figure-27@53.[151,1435,181,923]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="FIGURES 107–109. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 107. Scatophila bolwigi sp. nov., head and thorax, dorsal view. 108–109. Wing, dorsal view. 108. S. tuberculosa Cresson. 109. S. unicornis Czerny. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210847" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210847/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">108</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FD38F9FC5462F9D7" box="[737,776,1560,1581]" captionStart="FIGURES 137–141" captionStartId="63.[151,264,1742,1766]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,355,1719]" captionTargetId="figure-93@63.[151,1435,345,1719]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="FIGURES 137–141. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 137. S. variofacialis Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, head and thorax, dorsal view. 138–139. Wing, dorsal view 138. S. variofacialis Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 139. S. arenaria Cresson. 140. Head of S. arenaria Cresson, latero-oblique view. 141. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210869" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210869/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">138</figureCitation>
); scutellum with indistinct basal, gray area or none (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FADCF9F35208F9D7" box="[1285,1378,1559,1581]" captionStart="FIGURES 107–109" captionStartId="53.[151,264,947,971]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,923]" captionTargetId="figure-27@53.[151,1435,181,923]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="FIGURES 107–109. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 107. Scatophila bolwigi sp. nov., head and thorax, dorsal view. 108–109. Wing, dorsal view. 108. S. tuberculosa Cresson. 109. S. unicornis Czerny. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210847" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210847/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs. 107</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FAB4F9FC5662F9B0" captionStart="FIGURES 119–121" captionStartId="57.[151,264,875,899]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,851]" captionTargetId="figure-27@57.[151,1435,181,851]" captionTargetPageId="57" captionText="FIGURES 119–121. Head and thorax, dorsal view. 119. Scatophila hirtirostris Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 120. S. tuberculosa Cresson. 121. S. unicornis Czerny. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210857" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210857/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">119– 120</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FECBF9D15653F9B0" box="[274,313,1589,1610]" captionStart="FIGURES 137–141" captionStartId="63.[151,264,1742,1766]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,355,1719]" captionTargetId="figure-93@63.[151,1435,345,1719]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="FIGURES 137–141. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 137. S. variofacialis Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, head and thorax, dorsal view. 138–139. Wing, dorsal view 138. S. variofacialis Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 139. S. arenaria Cresson. 140. Head of S. arenaria Cresson, latero-oblique view. 141. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210869" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210869/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">137</figureCitation>
); face more brown than yellow, that of 
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD283A587B58FD6BF9D155AEF9B0" box="[690,708,1589,1610]" count="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
not shaped as above (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FC41F9D15366F9B0" box="[920,1036,1589,1611]" captionStart="FIGURES 93–96" captionStartId="49.[151,264,1642,1666]" captionTargetBox="[171,1435,387,1618]" captionTargetId="figure-109@49.[151,1435,381,1618]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="FIGURES 93–96. Head of Scatophila bolwigi sp. nov. 93. Male, latero-oblique view. 94. Male, lateral view. 95. Female, laterooblique view. 96. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210839" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210839/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs. 93–94</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FBCFF9D15306F9B0" box="[1046,1132,1589,1610]" captionStart="FIGURES 100–103" captionStartId="51.[151,264,1785,1809]" captionTargetBox="[164,1435,617,1761]" captionTargetId="figure-139@51.[151,1435,617,1761]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURES 100–103. Head of Scatophila hirtirostris Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 100. Male, latero–oblique view. 101. Male, lateral view. 102. Female, latero-oblique view. 103. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210843" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210843/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">100–101</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FBAFF9D153A0F9B0" box="[1142,1226,1589,1610]" captionStart="FIGURES 111–114" captionStartId="55.[151,264,1537,1561]" captionTargetBox="[165,1435,309,1512]" captionTargetId="figure-91@55.[151,1435,309,1514]" captionTargetPageId="55" captionText="FIGURES 111–114. Head of Scatophila tuberculosa Cresson. 111. Male, latero-oblique view. 112. Male, lateral view. 113. Female, latero-oblique view. 114. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210851" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210851/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">111–112</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FB0AF9D15243F9B0" box="[1235,1321,1589,1610]" captionStart="FIGURES 130–133" captionStartId="61.[151,264,1375,1399]" captionTargetBox="[163,1435,181,1349]" captionTargetId="figure-27@61.[151,1435,181,1351]" captionTargetPageId="61" captionText="FIGURES 130–133. Head of Scatophila variofacialis Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 130. Male, latero-oblique view. 131. Male, lateral view. 132. Female, latero-oblique view. 133. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210865" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210865/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">130–131</figureCitation>
)....... 15
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="308C2E043A587B58FF4EF9B652F6F927" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A587B58FF4EF9B652F6F959" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<keyLead id="308995943A587B58FF4EF9B652F6F959" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
15. Face of 
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD283A587B58FEEAF9B7562FF992" box="[307,325,1619,1640]" count="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
with a stout medial conical tubercle nearly as large as basal flagellomere (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FBFEF9B653DCF99D" box="[1063,1206,1618,1640]" captionStart="FIGURES 100–103" captionStartId="51.[151,264,1785,1809]" captionTargetBox="[164,1435,617,1761]" captionTargetId="figure-139@51.[151,1435,617,1761]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURES 100–103. Head of Scatophila hirtirostris Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 100. Male, latero–oblique view. 101. Male, lateral view. 102. Female, latero-oblique view. 103. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210843" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210843/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs. 100–101</figureCitation>
), invested with setulae. Ventral epandrial margin essentially truncate, not bifurcate medially or with ventrolateral extensions.......................................................................................... 
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A587B58FBECF96952F6F959" authority="Sturtevant and Wheeler" authorityName="Sturtevant and Wheeler" box="[1077,1436,1677,1699]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirtirostris">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A587B58FBECF96953DEF958" box="[1077,1204,1677,1698]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">S. hirtirostris</emphasis>
Sturtevant and Wheeler
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A587B58FF4EF94F52F6F927" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<keyLead id="308995943A587B58FF4EF94F52F6F927" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
- Face of 
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD283A587B58FEE8F94F5629F93A" box="[305,323,1707,1728]" count="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
not as above (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FE08F94E552DF945" box="[465,583,1706,1728]" captionStart="FIGURES 93–96" captionStartId="49.[151,264,1642,1666]" captionTargetBox="[171,1435,387,1618]" captionTargetId="figure-109@49.[151,1435,381,1618]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="FIGURES 93–96. Head of Scatophila bolwigi sp. nov. 93. Male, latero-oblique view. 94. Male, lateral view. 95. Female, laterooblique view. 96. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210839" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210839/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs. 93–94</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FD88F94E55CFF945" box="[593,677,1706,1727]" captionStart="FIGURES 111–114" captionStartId="55.[151,264,1537,1561]" captionTargetBox="[165,1435,309,1512]" captionTargetId="figure-91@55.[151,1435,309,1514]" captionTargetPageId="55" captionText="FIGURES 111–114. Head of Scatophila tuberculosa Cresson. 111. Male, latero-oblique view. 112. Male, lateral view. 113. Female, latero-oblique view. 114. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210851" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210851/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">111–112</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FD76F94E546DF945" box="[687,775,1706,1727]" captionStart="FIGURES 130–133" captionStartId="61.[151,264,1375,1399]" captionTargetBox="[163,1435,181,1349]" captionTargetId="figure-27@61.[151,1435,181,1351]" captionTargetPageId="61" captionText="FIGURES 130–133. Head of Scatophila variofacialis Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 130. Male, latero-oblique view. 131. Male, lateral view. 132. Female, latero-oblique view. 133. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210865" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210865/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">130–131</figureCitation>
). Ventral epandrial margin with ventrolateral extensions or bifurcate medially........................................................................................... 16
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="308C2E043A587B58FF4EF90152F6F877" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A587B58FF4EF90152F6F8CF" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<keyLead id="308995943A587B58FF4EF90152F6F8CF" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
16. Scutum subshiny (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FE4AF9015685F900" box="[403,495,1765,1787]" captionStart="FIGURES 107–109" captionStartId="53.[151,264,947,971]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,923]" captionTargetId="figure-27@53.[151,1435,181,923]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="FIGURES 107–109. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 107. Scatophila bolwigi sp. nov., head and thorax, dorsal view. 108–109. Wing, dorsal view. 108. S. tuberculosa Cresson. 109. S. unicornis Czerny. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210847" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210847/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs. 107</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FE21F9015575F900" box="[504,543,1765,1786]" captionStart="FIGURES 137–141" captionStartId="63.[151,264,1742,1766]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,355,1719]" captionTargetId="figure-93@63.[151,1435,345,1719]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="FIGURES 137–141. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 137. S. variofacialis Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, head and thorax, dorsal view. 138–139. Wing, dorsal view 138. S. variofacialis Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 139. S. arenaria Cresson. 140. Head of S. arenaria Cresson, latero-oblique view. 141. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210869" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210869/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">137</figureCitation>
); tarsi often yellow basally; face of 
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD283A587B58FCACF90154EDF900" box="[885,903,1765,1786]" count="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
brown, protuberant at ventral margin, with an elongate, medial depression bordered by dense curly setulae (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FD0DF8E65423F8ED" box="[724,841,1794,1816]" captionStart="FIGURES 93–96" captionStartId="49.[151,264,1642,1666]" captionTargetBox="[171,1435,387,1618]" captionTargetId="figure-109@49.[151,1435,381,1618]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="FIGURES 93–96. Head of Scatophila bolwigi sp. nov. 93. Male, latero-oblique view. 94. Male, lateral view. 95. Female, laterooblique view. 96. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210839" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210839/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs. 93–94</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FC8AF8E654C3F8ED" box="[851,937,1794,1815]" captionStart="FIGURES 130–133" captionStartId="61.[151,264,1375,1399]" captionTargetBox="[163,1435,181,1349]" captionTargetId="figure-27@61.[151,1435,181,1351]" captionTargetPageId="61" captionText="FIGURES 130–133. Head of Scatophila variofacialis Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 130. Male, latero-oblique view. 131. Male, lateral view. 132. Female, latero-oblique view. 133. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210865" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210865/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">130–131</figureCitation>
), especially laterally; face of 
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD283A587B58FB1CF8E753BDF8E2" box="[1221,1239,1795,1816]" count="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
with some subshiny luster (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FEFDF8FB56F3F8CF" box="[292,409,1823,1845]" captionStart="FIGURES 93–96" captionStartId="49.[151,264,1642,1666]" captionTargetBox="[171,1435,387,1618]" captionTargetId="figure-109@49.[151,1435,381,1618]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="FIGURES 93–96. Head of Scatophila bolwigi sp. nov. 93. Male, latero-oblique view. 94. Male, lateral view. 95. Female, laterooblique view. 96. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210839" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210839/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs. 95–96</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FE7AF8C45690F8CF" box="[419,506,1824,1845]" captionStart="FIGURES 130–133" captionStartId="61.[151,264,1375,1399]" captionTargetBox="[163,1435,181,1349]" captionTargetId="figure-27@61.[151,1435,181,1351]" captionTargetPageId="61" captionText="FIGURES 130–133. Head of Scatophila variofacialis Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 130. Male, latero-oblique view. 131. Male, lateral view. 132. Female, latero-oblique view. 133. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210865" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210865/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">132–133</figureCitation>
); ventral epandrial margin with ventrolateral extensions, these narrow (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FB7FF8FB539DF8CF" box="[1190,1271,1823,1845]" captionStart="FIGURES 97–99" captionStartId="50.[151,264,1195,1219]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,425,1164]" captionTargetId="figure-153@50.[151,1435,417,1172]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURES 97–99. Male terminalia of Scatophila bolwigi sp. nov. 97. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 98. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 99. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210841" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210841/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs. 97</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FAD8F8C4524CF8CF" box="[1281,1318,1824,1845]" captionStart="FIGURES 134–136" captionStartId="62.[151,264,1325,1349]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,497,1293]" captionTargetId="figure-159@62.[151,1435,489,1301]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="FIGURES 134–136. Male terminalia of Scatophila variofacialis Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 134. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 135. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 136. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210867" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210867/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">134</figureCitation>
)....... 17
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A587B58FF4EF8D952F6F877" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<keyLead id="308995943A587B58FF4EF8D952F6F877" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
- Scutum wholly densely microtomentose, appearing dull (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FCD2F8D9540AF8A8" box="[779,864,1853,1875]" captionStart="FIGURES 119–121" captionStartId="57.[151,264,875,899]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,851]" captionTargetId="figure-27@57.[151,1435,181,851]" captionTargetPageId="57" captionText="FIGURES 119–121. Head and thorax, dorsal view. 119. Scatophila hirtirostris Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 120. S. tuberculosa Cresson. 121. S. unicornis Czerny. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210857" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210857/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 120</figureCitation>
); tarsi mostly brown or black; face of 
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD283A587B58FB0CF8D9538DF8A8" box="[1237,1255,1853,1874]" count="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
with a low medial ridge invested with fine setulae (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FDC7F8BE55C0F895" box="[542,682,1882,1904]" captionStart="FIGURES 111–114" captionStartId="55.[151,264,1537,1561]" captionTargetBox="[165,1435,309,1512]" captionTargetId="figure-91@55.[151,1435,309,1514]" captionTargetPageId="55" captionText="FIGURES 111–114. Head of Scatophila tuberculosa Cresson. 111. Male, latero-oblique view. 112. Male, lateral view. 113. Female, latero-oblique view. 114. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210851" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210851/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs. 111–112</figureCitation>
); face of 
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD283A587B58FCDCF8BF547DF88A" box="[773,791,1883,1904]" count="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
brown, microtomentose, not subshiny or lustrous (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FADDF8BE52F8F895" box="[1284,1426,1882,1904]" captionStart="FIGURES 111–114" captionStartId="55.[151,264,1537,1561]" captionTargetBox="[165,1435,309,1512]" captionTargetId="figure-91@55.[151,1435,309,1514]" captionTargetPageId="55" captionText="FIGURES 111–114. Head of Scatophila tuberculosa Cresson. 111. Male, latero-oblique view. 112. Male, lateral view. 113. Female, latero-oblique view. 114. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210851" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210851/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs. 113–114</figureCitation>
); ventral epandrial margin bifurcate medially, each lateral lobe robustly developed (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FC2CF893532CF877" box="[1013,1094,1911,1933]" captionStart="FIGURES 115–118" captionStartId="56.[151,264,1233,1257]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,1201]" captionTargetId="figure-30@56.[151,1435,181,1209]" captionTargetPageId="56" captionText="FIGURES 115–118. Male terminalia of Scatophila tuberculosa Cresson. 115. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 116. Same, lateral view. 117. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 118. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210855" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210855/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 115</figureCitation>
)......... 
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A587B58FB19F89C52F6F877" authority="Cresson" authorityName="Cresson" box="[1216,1436,1911,1933]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tuberculosa">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A587B58FB19F89C5222F876" box="[1216,1352,1911,1933]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">S. tuberculosa</emphasis>
Cresson
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="308C2E043A587B5FFF4EF87152F6FF31" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A587B58FF4EF87152F6F83D" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<keyLead id="308995943A587B58FF4EF87152F6F83D" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
17. Epandrium with ventrolateral extensions small, narrow, length about equal to width of a cercus (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FB5EF87153A5F850" box="[1159,1231,1941,1963]" captionStart="FIGURES 97–99" captionStartId="50.[151,264,1195,1219]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,425,1164]" captionTargetId="figure-153@50.[151,1435,417,1172]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURES 97–99. Male terminalia of Scatophila bolwigi sp. nov. 97. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 98. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 99. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210841" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210841/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 97</figureCitation>
); aedeagus in ventral view (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FEC7F856560EF83D" box="[286,356,1970,1992]" captionStart="FIGURES 97–99" captionStartId="50.[151,264,1195,1219]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,425,1164]" captionTargetId="figure-153@50.[151,1435,417,1172]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURES 97–99. Male terminalia of Scatophila bolwigi sp. nov. 97. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 98. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 99. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210841" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210841/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 98</figureCitation>
) pentagonal; keel of phallapodeme small, thumb-like................................ 
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A587B58FB30F8575223F83D" authorityName="Zatwarnicki &amp; Mathis USNM" authorityYear="2024" box="[1257,1353,1970,1992]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bolwigi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A587B58FB30F8575223F83D" box="[1257,1353,1970,1992]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">S. bolwigi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A587B58FA89F85652F6F83D" bold="true" box="[1360,1436,1970,1991]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23F57C83A587B58FA89F85652F6F83D" box="[1360,1436,1970,1991]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A587B5FFF4EF83452F6FF31" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2021]" lastBlockId="12.[151,1437,151,1405]" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<keyLead id="308995943A587B5FFF4EF83452F6FF31" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
- Epandrium with ventrolateral extensions large, length equal to height of a cercus (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FC30F82B5356F81F" box="[1001,1084,1999,2021]" captionStart="FIGURES 134–136" captionStartId="62.[151,264,1325,1349]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,497,1293]" captionTargetId="figure-159@62.[151,1435,489,1301]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="FIGURES 134–136. Male terminalia of Scatophila variofacialis Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 134. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 135. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 136. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210867" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210867/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 134</figureCitation>
); aedeagus in ventral view (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A587B58FA9DF82B52FFF81F" box="[1348,1429,1999,2021]" captionStart="FIGURES 134–136" captionStartId="62.[151,264,1325,1349]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,497,1293]" captionTargetId="figure-159@62.[151,1435,489,1301]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="FIGURES 134–136. Male terminalia of Scatophila variofacialis Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 134. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 135. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 136. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210867" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210867/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 135</figureCitation>
) rectangular; keel of phallapodeme robust, length almost as long as either arm of phallapodeme.............................................................................................. 
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A5F7B5FFBFAFF5152F6FF31" authority="Sturtevant and Wheeler" authorityName="Sturtevant and Wheeler" box="[1059,1436,181,203]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variofacialis">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A5F7B5FFBFAFF5153DEFF30" box="[1059,1204,181,202]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">S. variofacialis</emphasis>
Sturtevant and Wheeler
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="308C2E043A5F7B5FFF4EFF3652F6FEA7" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A5F7B5FFF4EFF3652F6FED8" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,1405]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<keyLead id="308995943A5F7B5FFF4EFF3652F6FED8" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
18. Distance between reclinate fronto-orbital seta and medial vertical seta subequal to that between inner and lateral vertical setae (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A5F7B5FFF30FF0B5609FEFF" box="[233,355,239,261]" captionStart="FIGURES 38–41" captionStartId="29.[151,264,1329,1353]" captionTargetBox="[163,1435,181,1303]" captionTargetId="figure-27@29.[151,1435,181,1305]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURES 38–41. Head of Scatophila adamsi Cresson. 38. Male, latero-oblique view. 39. male, lateral view. 40. Female, laterooblique view. 41. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210799" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210799/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figs. 38, 40</figureCitation>
); tarsi usually, and sometimes tibiae, pale; face of 
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD283A5F7B5FFC82FF145407FEFF" box="[859,877,240,261]" count="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
with medial indentation at margin (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A5F7B5FFB0BFF0B5270FEFF" box="[1234,1306,239,261]" captionStart="FIGURES 38–41" captionStartId="29.[151,264,1329,1353]" captionTargetBox="[163,1435,181,1303]" captionTargetId="figure-27@29.[151,1435,181,1305]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURES 38–41. Head of Scatophila adamsi Cresson. 38. Male, latero-oblique view. 39. male, lateral view. 40. Female, laterooblique view. 41. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210799" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210799/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 38</figureCitation>
) and bearing cluster of long setulae and setae on each side................................................. 
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A5F7B5FFB35FEE952F6FED8" authority="Cresson" authorityName="Cresson" box="[1260,1436,269,290]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="adamsi">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A5F7B5FFB35FEE95223FED8" box="[1260,1353,269,290]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">S. adamsi</emphasis>
Cresson
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A5F7B5FFF4EFECF52F6FEA7" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,1405]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<keyLead id="308995943A5F7B5FFF4EFECF52F6FEA7" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
- Reclinate fronto-orbital farther from medial vertical seta than the latter is from the lateral vertical seta (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A5F7B5FFB18FECE5262FEC5" box="[1217,1288,298,320]" captionStart="FIGURES 82–85" captionStartId="45.[151,264,1879,1903]" captionTargetBox="[165,1435,681,1856]" captionTargetId="figure-246@45.[151,1435,669,1856]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURES 82–85. Head of Scatophila viridella Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 82. Male, latero-oblique view 83. Male, lateral view. 84. Female, latero-oblique view. 85. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210831" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210831/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 84</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A5F7B5FFACBFECE5202FEC5" box="[1298,1384,298,320]" captionStart="FIGURES 195–198" captionStartId="83.[151,264,1421,1445]" captionTargetBox="[172,1435,193,1397]" captionTargetId="figure-27@83.[151,1435,181,1397]" captionTargetPageId="83" captionText="FIGURES 195–198. Head of Scatophila hirsuta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 195. Male, latero-oblique view 196. Male, lateral view. 197. Female, latero-oblique view. 198. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210927" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210927/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">195, 197</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A5F7B5FFAABFECE5663FEA7" captionStart="FIGURES 229–232" captionStartId="94.[151,264,1377,1401]" captionTargetBox="[168,1435,273,1354]" captionTargetId="figure-65@94.[151,1435,273,1354]" captionTargetPageId="94" captionText="FIGURES 229–232. Head of Scatophila rubribrunnea Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 229. Male, latero-oblique view. 230. Male, lateral view. 231. Female, latero-oblique view. 232. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210959" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210959/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">229, 231</figureCitation>
); tarsi usually dark but paler in 
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A5F7B5FFDE0FEA355E0FEA6" box="[569,650,327,348]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="viridella">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A5F7B5FFDE0FEA355E0FEA6" box="[569,650,327,348]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">viridella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; face of 
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD283A5F7B5FFD06FEAC559BFEA7" box="[735,753,328,349]" count="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
not as above (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A5F7B5FFCA5FEA3549BFEA7" box="[892,1009,327,349]" captionStart="FIGURES 82–85" captionStartId="45.[151,264,1879,1903]" captionTargetBox="[165,1435,681,1856]" captionTargetId="figure-246@45.[151,1435,669,1856]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURES 82–85. Head of Scatophila viridella Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 82. Male, latero-oblique view 83. Male, lateral view. 84. Female, latero-oblique view. 85. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210831" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210831/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figs. 82–83</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A5F7B5FFC23FEA3533BFEA7" box="[1018,1105,327,349]" captionStart="FIGURES 195–198" captionStartId="83.[151,264,1421,1445]" captionTargetBox="[172,1435,193,1397]" captionTargetId="figure-27@83.[151,1435,181,1397]" captionTargetPageId="83" captionText="FIGURES 195–198. Head of Scatophila hirsuta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 195. Male, latero-oblique view 196. Male, lateral view. 197. Female, latero-oblique view. 198. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210927" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210927/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">195–196</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A5F7B5FFB83FEAC53DAFEA7" box="[1114,1200,328,349]" captionStart="FIGURES 229–232" captionStartId="94.[151,264,1377,1401]" captionTargetBox="[168,1435,273,1354]" captionTargetId="figure-65@94.[151,1435,273,1354]" captionTargetPageId="94" captionText="FIGURES 229–232. Head of Scatophila rubribrunnea Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 229. Male, latero-oblique view. 230. Male, lateral view. 231. Female, latero-oblique view. 232. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210959" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210959/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">229–230</figureCitation>
)................. 19
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="308C2E043A5F7B5FFF4EFE8152F6FDF7" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A5F7B5FFF4EFE8152F6FE4F" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,1405]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<keyLead id="308995943A5F7B5FFF4EFE8152F6FE4F" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
19. Gena about as high as width of basal flagellomere (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A5F7B5FFD0FFE81542EFE80" box="[726,836,357,379]" captionStart="FIGURES 82–85" captionStartId="45.[151,264,1879,1903]" captionTargetBox="[165,1435,681,1856]" captionTargetId="figure-246@45.[151,1435,669,1856]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURES 82–85. Head of Scatophila viridella Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 82. Male, latero-oblique view 83. Male, lateral view. 84. Female, latero-oblique view. 85. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210831" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210831/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 83, 84</figureCitation>
); frontal triangle scarcely differentiated in color from anterior non-fronto-orbital plate (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A5F7B5FFE0BFE665554FE6D" box="[466,574,386,408]" captionStart="FIGURES 82–85" captionStartId="45.[151,264,1879,1903]" captionTargetBox="[165,1435,681,1856]" captionTargetId="figure-246@45.[151,1435,669,1856]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURES 82–85. Head of Scatophila viridella Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 82. Male, latero-oblique view 83. Male, lateral view. 84. Female, latero-oblique view. 85. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210831" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210831/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 82, 84</figureCitation>
); scutum usually with an olive tint (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A5F7B5FFC43FE665488FE6D" box="[922,994,386,408]" captionStart="FIGURES 89–91" captionStartId="46.[151,264,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[151,1433,1140,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-70@46.[151,1435,1140,1920]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURES 89–91. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 89. Scatophila viridella Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, head and thorax, dorsal view. 90–91. Wing, dorsal view. 90. S. bolwigi sp. nov. 91. S. hirtirostris Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210835" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210835/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 89</figureCitation>
); maxillary palpus pale; tarsi usually partially pale..................................................................... 
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A5F7B5FFB92FE4452F6FE4F" authority="Sturtevant and Wheeler" authorityName="Sturtevant and Wheeler" box="[1099,1436,415,437]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="viridella">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A5F7B5FFB92FE4453DEFE4E" box="[1099,1204,415,437]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">S. viridella</emphasis>
Sturtevant and Wheeler
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A5F7B5FFF4EFE5952F6FDF7" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,1405]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<keyLead id="308995943A5F7B5FFF4EFE5952F6FDF7" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
- Gena shorter than width of basal flagellomere (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A5F7B5FFD75FE595450FE28" box="[684,826,445,467]" captionStart="FIGURES 195–198" captionStartId="83.[151,264,1421,1445]" captionTargetBox="[172,1435,193,1397]" captionTargetId="figure-27@83.[151,1435,181,1397]" captionTargetPageId="83" captionText="FIGURES 195–198. Head of Scatophila hirsuta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 195. Male, latero-oblique view 196. Male, lateral view. 197. Female, latero-oblique view. 198. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210927" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210927/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figs. 196, 198</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A5F7B5FFC9CFE5954F4FE28" box="[837,926,445,466]" captionStart="FIGURES 229–232" captionStartId="94.[151,264,1377,1401]" captionTargetBox="[168,1435,273,1354]" captionTargetId="figure-65@94.[151,1435,273,1354]" captionTargetPageId="94" captionText="FIGURES 229–232. Head of Scatophila rubribrunnea Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 229. Male, latero-oblique view. 230. Male, lateral view. 231. Female, latero-oblique view. 232. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210959" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210959/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">230, 232</figureCitation>
); frontal triangle and fronto-orbital plate dull brown, leaving black triangular areas along anterior margin of frons (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A5F7B5FFC9EFE3E54B2FE15" box="[839,984,474,496]" captionStart="FIGURES 195–198" captionStartId="83.[151,264,1421,1445]" captionTargetBox="[172,1435,193,1397]" captionTargetId="figure-27@83.[151,1435,181,1397]" captionTargetPageId="83" captionText="FIGURES 195–198. Head of Scatophila hirsuta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 195. Male, latero-oblique view 196. Male, lateral view. 197. Female, latero-oblique view. 198. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210927" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210927/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figs. 195, 197</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A5F7B5FFC3CFE3E5354FE15" box="[997,1086,474,495]" captionStart="FIGURES 229–232" captionStartId="94.[151,264,1377,1401]" captionTargetBox="[168,1435,273,1354]" captionTargetId="figure-65@94.[151,1435,273,1354]" captionTargetPageId="94" captionText="FIGURES 229–232. Head of Scatophila rubribrunnea Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 229. Male, latero-oblique view. 230. Male, lateral view. 231. Female, latero-oblique view. 232. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210959" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210959/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">229, 231</figureCitation>
); maxillary palpus and tarsi mostly dark............................................................................................... 20
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="308C2E043A5F7B5FFF4EFDF152F6FD47" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A5F7B5FFF4EFDF152F6FD9F" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,1405]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<keyLead id="308995943A5F7B5FFF4EFDF152F6FD9F" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
20. Scutum with medial anterior dark stripe almost black (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A5F7B5FFCDAFDF15430FDD0" box="[771,858,533,555]" captionStart="FIGURES 202–204" captionStartId="85.[151,264,1848,1872]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,1094,1825]" captionTargetId="figure-325@85.[151,1435,1094,1825]" captionTargetPageId="85" captionText="FIGURES 202–204. Head, thorax, and wing of Scatophila. 202. S. hirsuta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, head and thorax, dorsal view. 203. S. mystacina sp. nov. male, wing, dorsal view. 204 S. picta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, wing, dorsal view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210935" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210935/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 202</figureCitation>
), pale areas on each side of it scarcely visible; dorsum of postpronotum noticeably microtomentose; face of 
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD283A5F7B5FFD16FDD7558BFDB2" box="[719,737,563,584]" count="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
flat in center, never membranous, the oral margin rather straight (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A5F7B5FFAB5FDD6565DFD9F" captionStart="FIGURES 195–198" captionStartId="83.[151,264,1421,1445]" captionTargetBox="[172,1435,193,1397]" captionTargetId="figure-27@83.[151,1435,181,1397]" captionTargetPageId="83" captionText="FIGURES 195–198. Head of Scatophila hirsuta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 195. Male, latero-oblique view 196. Male, lateral view. 197. Female, latero-oblique view. 198. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210927" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210927/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figs. 195–196</figureCitation>
).................................................................. 
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A5F7B5FFB81FDB452F6FD9F" authority="Sturtevant and Wheeler" authorityName="Sturtevant and Wheeler" box="[1112,1436,591,613]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirsuta">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A5F7B5FFB81FDB453DEFD9E" box="[1112,1204,591,613]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">S. hirsuta</emphasis>
Sturtevant and Wheeler
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A5F7B5FFF4EFD8952F6FD47" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,1405]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<keyLead id="308995943A5F7B5FFF4EFD8952F6FD47" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
- Scutum with medial anterior dark stripe not much darker than other markings (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A5F7B5FFBD9FD895333FD79" box="[1024,1113,621,643]" captionStart="FIGURES 221–225" captionStartId="91.[151,264,1444,1468]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,1421]" captionTargetId="figure-27@91.[151,1435,181,1421]" captionTargetPageId="91" captionText="FIGURES 221–225. Head and thorax of Scatophila. 221–222. Head of S. pulchra Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 221. Latero-oblique view. 222. Lateral view. 223–225. Head and thorax, dorsal view. 223. Scatophila picta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 224. S. pulchra Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 225. S. rubribrunnea Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210953" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210953/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 225</figureCitation>
); pale marks over postpronotum continuous with dorsal marks on each side of medial stripe; face of 
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD283A5F7B5FFCADFD6F54ECFD5A" box="[884,902,651,672]" count="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
sunken in middle, usually membranous to a noticeable degree; oral margin protuberant (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A5F7B5FFDC6FD4355C1FD47" box="[543,683,679,701]" captionStart="FIGURES 229–232" captionStartId="94.[151,264,1377,1401]" captionTargetBox="[168,1435,273,1354]" captionTargetId="figure-65@94.[151,1435,273,1354]" captionTargetPageId="94" captionText="FIGURES 229–232. Head of Scatophila rubribrunnea Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 229. Male, latero-oblique view. 230. Male, lateral view. 231. Female, latero-oblique view. 232. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210959" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210959/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figs. 229–230</figureCitation>
).............................. 
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A5F7B5FFBC2FD4C52F6FD47" authority="Sturtevant and Wheeler" authorityName="Sturtevant and Wheeler" box="[1051,1436,679,701]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubribrunnea">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A5F7B5FFBC2FD4C53DEFD46" box="[1051,1204,679,701]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">S. rubribrunnea</emphasis>
Sturtevant and Wheeler
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="308C2E043A5F7B5FFF4EFD2152F6FCC8" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A5F7B5FFF4EFD2152F7FD0D" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,1405]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<keyLead id="308995943A5F7B5FFF4EFD2152F7FD0D" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
21. Wings mostly pale, whitish, a spotted pattern scarcely evident (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A5F7B5FFCE7FD2154ECFD20" box="[830,902,709,731]" captionStart="FIGURES 45–47" captionStartId="30.[151,264,1756,1780]" captionTargetBox="[151,1426,947,1732]" captionTargetId="figure-67@30.[151,1435,947,1732]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 45–47. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 45. S. adamsi Cresson, head and thorax, dorsal view. 46–47. Wing, dorsal view. 46. S. iowana Wheeler. 47. S. mesogramma (Loew). Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210803" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210803/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 47</figureCitation>
); gena broad, more than twice as wide as width of basal flagellomere (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A5F7B5FFEB1FD0656DAFD02" box="[360,432,738,760]" captionStart="FIGURES 65–66" captionStartId="37.[151,264,1890,1914]" captionTargetBox="[176,1435,1279,1866]" captionTargetId="figure-374@37.[151,1435,1279,1866]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURES 65–66. Head of Scatophila mesogramma (Loew). 65. Latero-oblique view. 66. Lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210817" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210817/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 66</figureCitation>
); coastal species................................................... 
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A5F7B5FFB6FFD0652F7FD0D" authority="(Loew)" baseAuthorityName="Loew" baseAuthorityYear="1869" box="[1206,1437,738,760]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mesogramma">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A5F7B5FFB6FFD065225FD02" box="[1206,1359,738,760]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">S. mesogramma</emphasis>
(Loew)
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A5F7B5FFF4EFCE452F6FCC8" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,1405]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<keyLead id="308995943A5F7B5FFF4EFCE452F6FCC8" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
- Wings darker, a spotted pattern usually evident (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A5F7B5FFD77FD1B5460FCEF" box="[686,778,767,789]" captionStart="FIGURES 137–141" captionStartId="63.[151,264,1742,1766]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,355,1719]" captionTargetId="figure-93@63.[151,1435,345,1719]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="FIGURES 137–141. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 137. S. variofacialis Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, head and thorax, dorsal view. 138–139. Wing, dorsal view 138. S. variofacialis Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 139. S. arenaria Cresson. 140. Head of S. arenaria Cresson, latero-oblique view. 141. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210869" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210869/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figs. 139</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A5F7B5FFCCDFD1B5450FCEF" box="[788,826,767,789]" captionStart="FIGURES 145–147" captionStartId="65.[151,264,1891,1915]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,1106,1867]" captionTargetId="figure-64@65.[151,1435,1103,1867]" captionTargetPageId="65" captionText="FIGURES 145–147. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 145. Scatophila arenaria Cresson, head and thorax, dorsal view. 146–147. Wing, dorsal view. 146. S. bipiliaris Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 147. S. bisignata Cresson. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210875" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210875/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">146</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A5F7B5FFC9AFCE45403FCEF" box="[835,873,768,789]" captionStart="FIGURES 191–193" captionStartId="81.[151,264,1941,1965]" captionTargetBox="[151,1423,1150,1917]" captionTargetId="figure-64@81.[151,1435,1150,1917]" captionTargetPageId="81" captionText="FIGURES 191–193. Head, thorax, and wing of Scatophila. 191. Scatophila disjuncta Cresson, head and thorax, dorsal view. 192–193. Wing, dorsal view. 192. S. disjuncta Cresson. 193. S. hirsuta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210921" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210921/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">192</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A5F7B5FFCAAFCE454F0FCEF" box="[883,922,768,789]" captionStart="FIGURES 202–204" captionStartId="85.[151,264,1848,1872]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,1094,1825]" captionTargetId="figure-325@85.[151,1435,1094,1825]" captionTargetPageId="85" captionText="FIGURES 202–204. Head, thorax, and wing of Scatophila. 202. S. hirsuta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, head and thorax, dorsal view. 203. S. mystacina sp. nov. male, wing, dorsal view. 204 S. picta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, wing, dorsal view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210935" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210935/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">203</figureCitation>
; but pale in 
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A5F7B5FFBD4FCE4531FFCEF" box="[1037,1141,768,789]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="conifera">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A5F7B5FFBD4FCE4531FFCEF" box="[1037,1141,768,789]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">S. conifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A5F7B5FFB59FD1B53B9FCEF" box="[1152,1235,767,789]" captionStart="FIGURES 156–158" captionStartId="68.[151,264,1913,1937]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,1130,1889]" captionTargetId="figure-70@68.[151,1435,1130,1890]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="FIGURES 156–158. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 156 Scatophila bipiliaris Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, head and thorax, dorsal view. 157–158. Wing, dorsal view. 157. S. conifera Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 158. S. cribrata (Stenhammar). Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210887" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210887/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 157</figureCitation>
); gena narrower than above (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A5F7B5FFEF1FCF956EFFCC8" box="[296,389,797,819]" captionStart="FIGURES 137–141" captionStartId="63.[151,264,1742,1766]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,355,1719]" captionTargetId="figure-93@63.[151,1435,345,1719]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="FIGURES 137–141. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 137. S. variofacialis Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, head and thorax, dorsal view. 138–139. Wing, dorsal view 138. S. variofacialis Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 139. S. arenaria Cresson. 140. Head of S. arenaria Cresson, latero-oblique view. 141. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210869" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210869/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figs. 141</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A5F7B5FFE56FCF9568FFCC9" box="[399,485,797,819]" captionStart="FIGURES 149–152" captionStartId="67.[151,264,1845,1869]" captionTargetBox="[167,1435,689,1822]" captionTargetId="figure-143@67.[151,1435,689,1822]" captionTargetPageId="67" captionText="FIGURES 149–152. Head of Scatophila bipiliaris Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 149. Male, latero-oblique view. 150. Male, lateral view. 151. Female, latero-oblique view. 152. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210881" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210881/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">150, 152</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A5F7B5FFE36FCF9552FFCC8" box="[495,581,797,819]" captionStart="FIGURES 168–171" captionStartId="74.[151,264,1328,1352]" captionTargetBox="[170,1435,206,1304]" captionTargetId="figure-30@74.[151,1435,181,1304]" captionTargetPageId="74" captionText="FIGURES 168–171. Head of Scatophila conifera Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 168. Male, latero-oblique view. 169. Male, lateral view. 170. Female, latero-oblique view. 171. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210901" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210901/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">169, 171</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A5F7B5FFD96FCF955CFFCC8" box="[591,677,797,819]" captionStart="FIGURES 184–187" captionStartId="80.[151,264,1357,1381]" captionTargetBox="[165,1435,248,1334]" captionTargetId="figure-50@80.[151,1435,237,1334]" captionTargetPageId="80" captionText="FIGURES 184–187. Head of Scatophila disjuncta Cresson. 184. Male, latero-oblique view. 185. Male, lateral view. 186. Female, latero-oblique view. 187. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210915" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210915/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">185, 187</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A5F7B5FFD76FCF9546CFCC8" box="[687,774,797,818]" captionStart="FIGURES 208–211" captionStartId="87.[151,264,1395,1419]" captionTargetBox="[171,1435,181,1371]" captionTargetId="figure-27@87.[151,1435,181,1371]" captionTargetPageId="87" captionText="FIGURES 208–211. Head of Scatophila mystacina sp. nov. 208. Male, latero-oblique view. 209. Male, lateral view. 210. Female, latero-oblique view. 211. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210941" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210941/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">209, 211</figureCitation>
); western to southwestern species.......................... 22
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="308C2E043A5F7B5FFF4EFCDE52F6FC70" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A5F7B5FFF4EFCDE52F6FCB5" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,1405]" box="[151,1436,826,848]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<keyLead id="308995943A5F7B5FFF4EFCDE52F6FCB5" box="[151,1436,826,848]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
22. Face of 
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD283A5F7B5FFEF6FCDF562BFCAA" box="[303,321,827,848]" count="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
flat or concave in middle (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A5F7B5FFD9DFCDE55FDFCAA" box="[580,663,826,848]" captionStart="FIGURES 145–147" captionStartId="65.[151,264,1891,1915]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,1106,1867]" captionTargetId="figure-64@65.[151,1435,1103,1867]" captionTargetPageId="65" captionText="FIGURES 145–147. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 145. Scatophila arenaria Cresson, head and thorax, dorsal view. 146–147. Wing, dorsal view. 146. S. bipiliaris Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 147. S. bisignata Cresson. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210875" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210875/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 145</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A5F7B5FFD78FCDE5593FCAA" box="[673,761,826,848]" captionStart="FIGURES 184–187" captionStartId="80.[151,264,1357,1381]" captionTargetBox="[165,1435,248,1334]" captionTargetId="figure-50@80.[151,1435,237,1334]" captionTargetPageId="80" captionText="FIGURES 184–187. Head of Scatophila disjuncta Cresson. 184. Male, latero-oblique view. 185. Male, lateral view. 186. Female, latero-oblique view. 187. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210915" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210915/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">184–185</figureCitation>
); pedicel thickly setulose along medial margin................. 23
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A5F7B5FFF4EFCBC52F6FC70" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,1405]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<keyLead id="308995943A5F7B5FFF4EFCBC52F6FC70" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
- Face of 
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD283A5F7B5FFEE8FCBC5629FC97" box="[305,323,856,877]" count="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
prominently convex medially (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A5F7B5FFDADFCB35593FC97" box="[628,761,855,877]" captionStart="FIGURES 149–152" captionStartId="67.[151,264,1845,1869]" captionTargetBox="[167,1435,689,1822]" captionTargetId="figure-143@67.[151,1435,689,1822]" captionTargetPageId="67" captionText="FIGURES 149–152. Head of Scatophila bipiliaris Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 149. Male, latero-oblique view. 150. Male, lateral view. 151. Female, latero-oblique view. 152. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210881" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210881/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 149–150</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A5F7B5FFCDAFCB35430FC97" box="[771,858,855,877]" captionStart="FIGURES 168–171" captionStartId="74.[151,264,1328,1352]" captionTargetBox="[170,1435,206,1304]" captionTargetId="figure-30@74.[151,1435,181,1304]" captionTargetPageId="74" captionText="FIGURES 168–171. Head of Scatophila conifera Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 168. Male, latero-oblique view. 169. Male, lateral view. 170. Female, latero-oblique view. 171. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210901" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210901/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">168–169</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A5F7B5FFCBDFCBC54D7FC97" box="[868,957,856,877]" captionStart="FIGURES 208–211" captionStartId="87.[151,264,1395,1419]" captionTargetBox="[171,1435,181,1371]" captionTargetId="figure-27@87.[151,1435,181,1371]" captionTargetPageId="87" captionText="FIGURES 208–211. Head of Scatophila mystacina sp. nov. 208. Male, latero-oblique view. 209. Male, lateral view. 210. Female, latero-oblique view. 211. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210941" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210941/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">208–209</figureCitation>
); pedicel with sparse setulae; face of 
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD283A5F7B5FFAF1FCBC5250FC97" box="[1320,1338,856,877]" count="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
without a pair of divergent setae on upper carina (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A5F7B5FFDB9FC915586FC71" box="[608,748,885,907]" captionStart="FIGURES 149–152" captionStartId="67.[151,264,1845,1869]" captionTargetBox="[167,1435,689,1822]" captionTargetId="figure-143@67.[151,1435,689,1822]" captionTargetPageId="67" captionText="FIGURES 149–152. Head of Scatophila bipiliaris Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 149. Male, latero-oblique view. 150. Male, lateral view. 151. Female, latero-oblique view. 152. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210881" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210881/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figs. 151–152</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A5F7B5FFD2FFC915426FC70" box="[758,844,885,906]" captionStart="FIGURES 168–171" captionStartId="74.[151,264,1328,1352]" captionTargetBox="[170,1435,206,1304]" captionTargetId="figure-30@74.[151,1435,181,1304]" captionTargetPageId="74" captionText="FIGURES 168–171. Head of Scatophila conifera Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 168. Male, latero-oblique view. 169. Male, lateral view. 170. Female, latero-oblique view. 171. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210901" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210901/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">170–171</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A5F7B5FFC8FFC9154C1FC70" box="[854,939,885,906]" captionStart="FIGURES 208–211" captionStartId="87.[151,264,1395,1419]" captionTargetBox="[171,1435,181,1371]" captionTargetId="figure-27@87.[151,1435,181,1371]" captionTargetPageId="87" captionText="FIGURES 208–211. Head of Scatophila mystacina sp. nov. 208. Male, latero-oblique view. 209. Male, lateral view. 210. Female, latero-oblique view. 211. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210941" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210941/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">210–211</figureCitation>
)...................................... 24
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="308C2E043A5F7B5FFF4EFC7652F6FBC0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A5F7B5FFF4EFC7652F6FC18" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,1405]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<keyLead id="308995943A5F7B5FFF4EFC7652F6FC18" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
23. Face of 
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD283A5F7B5FFEE9FC775628FC52" box="[304,322,915,936]" count="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
flat to slightly concave medially, not membranous (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A5F7B5FFCE1FC7654E6FC52" box="[824,908,914,936]" captionStart="FIGURES 145–147" captionStartId="65.[151,264,1891,1915]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,1106,1867]" captionTargetId="figure-64@65.[151,1435,1103,1867]" captionTargetPageId="65" captionText="FIGURES 145–147. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 145. Scatophila arenaria Cresson, head and thorax, dorsal view. 146–147. Wing, dorsal view. 146. S. bipiliaris Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 147. S. bisignata Cresson. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210875" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210875/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 145</figureCitation>
); 2–3 facial setae along margin at each side rather pale and weak; coloration nearly uniformly whitish, abdomen mostly whitish microtomentose; face of 
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD283A5F7B5FFB43FC5453C6FC3F" box="[1178,1196,944,965]" count="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
silvery gray, gena wider than width of basal flagellomere (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A5F7B5FFDFFFC2955DBFC18" box="[550,689,973,995]" captionStart="FIGURES 137–141" captionStartId="63.[151,264,1742,1766]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,355,1719]" captionTargetId="figure-93@63.[151,1435,345,1719]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="FIGURES 137–141. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 137. S. variofacialis Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, head and thorax, dorsal view. 138–139. Wing, dorsal view 138. S. variofacialis Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 139. S. arenaria Cresson. 140. Head of S. arenaria Cresson, latero-oblique view. 141. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210869" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210869/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figs. 140–141</figureCitation>
)............................................. 
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A5F7B5FFB07FC2952F6FC18" authority="Cresson" authorityName="Cresson" box="[1246,1436,973,994]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arenaria">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A5F7B5FFB07FC295223FC18" box="[1246,1353,973,994]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">S. arenaria</emphasis>
Cresson
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A5F7B5FFF4EFC0F52F6FBC0" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,1405]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<keyLead id="308995943A5F7B5FFF4EFC0F52F6FBC0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
- Face of 
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD283A5F7B5FFEEDFC0F562CFBFA" box="[308,326,1003,1024]" count="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
concave, membranous medially behind oral margin (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A5F7B5FFC8EFC0E54B4FBFA" box="[855,990,1002,1024]" captionStart="FIGURES 184–187" captionStartId="80.[151,264,1357,1381]" captionTargetBox="[165,1435,248,1334]" captionTargetId="figure-50@80.[151,1435,237,1334]" captionTargetPageId="80" captionText="FIGURES 184–187. Head of Scatophila disjuncta Cresson. 184. Male, latero-oblique view. 185. Male, lateral view. 186. Female, latero-oblique view. 187. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210915" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210915/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 184–185</figureCitation>
); 2–3 stout black setae on each side stronger than those of 
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A5F7B5FFEBCFBEC56BBFBE7" box="[357,465,1032,1053]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arenaria">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A5F7B5FFEBCFBEC56BBFBE7" box="[357,465,1032,1053]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">S. arenaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; less whitish, especially on abdomen; face of 
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD283A5F7B5FFC56FBEC54CBFBE7" box="[911,929,1032,1053]" count="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
with a pair of divergent setae on upper carina (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A5F7B5FFAB5FBE3565DFBC1" captionStart="FIGURES 184–187" captionStartId="80.[151,264,1357,1381]" captionTargetBox="[165,1435,248,1334]" captionTargetId="figure-50@80.[151,1435,237,1334]" captionTargetPageId="80" captionText="FIGURES 184–187. Head of Scatophila disjuncta Cresson. 184. Male, latero-oblique view. 185. Male, lateral view. 186. Female, latero-oblique view. 187. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210915" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210915/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figs. 186–187</figureCitation>
)............................................................................. 
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A5F7B5FFB00FBC152F6FBC0" authority="Cresson" authorityName="Cresson" box="[1241,1436,1061,1082]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="disjuncta">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A5F7B5FFB00FBC15223FBC0" box="[1241,1353,1061,1082]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">S. disjuncta</emphasis>
Cresson
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="308C2E043A5F7B5FFF4EFBA652F6FB37" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A5F7B5FFF4EFBA652F6FB69" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,1405]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<keyLead id="308995943A5F7B5FFF4EFBA652F6FB69" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
24. Face of 
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD283A5F7B5FFEEFFBA75622FBA2" box="[310,328,1091,1112]" count="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
evenly arched in middle (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A5F7B5FFD8AFBA6558EFBA2" box="[595,740,1090,1112]" captionStart="FIGURES 149–152" captionStartId="67.[151,264,1845,1869]" captionTargetBox="[167,1435,689,1822]" captionTargetId="figure-143@67.[151,1435,689,1822]" captionTargetPageId="67" captionText="FIGURES 149–152. Head of Scatophila bipiliaris Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 149. Male, latero-oblique view. 150. Male, lateral view. 151. Female, latero-oblique view. 152. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210881" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210881/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figs. 149–150</figureCitation>
), thickly setulose, especially 2 large lateral clusters in which 3–5 are stronger; wing spots distinct, including apical spot of cell r 3 (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A5F7B5FFCFCFBBB5413FB8F" box="[805,889,1119,1141]" captionStart="FIGURES 145–147" captionStartId="65.[151,264,1891,1915]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,1106,1867]" captionTargetId="figure-64@65.[151,1435,1103,1867]" captionTargetPageId="65" captionText="FIGURES 145–147. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 145. Scatophila arenaria Cresson, head and thorax, dorsal view. 146–147. Wing, dorsal view. 146. S. bipiliaris Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 147. S. bisignata Cresson. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210875" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210875/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 146</figureCitation>
); face of 
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD283A5F7B5FFC0BFB84548EFB8F" box="[978,996,1120,1141]" count="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
gray with some brownish discoloration (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A5F7B5FFAB5FBBB565DFB69" captionStart="FIGURES 149–152" captionStartId="67.[151,264,1845,1869]" captionTargetBox="[167,1435,689,1822]" captionTargetId="figure-143@67.[151,1435,689,1822]" captionTargetPageId="67" captionText="FIGURES 149–152. Head of Scatophila bipiliaris Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 149. Male, latero-oblique view. 150. Male, lateral view. 151. Female, latero-oblique view. 152. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210881" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210881/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figs. 151–152</figureCitation>
)................................................................ 
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A5F7B5FFB9DFB9952F6FB69" authority="Sturtevant and Wheeler" authorityName="Sturtevant and Wheeler" box="[1092,1436,1149,1171]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bipiliaris">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A5F7B5FFB9DFB9953DEFB68" box="[1092,1204,1149,1170]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">S. bipiliaris</emphasis>
Sturtevant and Wheeler
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A5F7B5FFF4EFB7F52F6FB37" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,1405]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<keyLead id="308995943A5F7B5FFF4EFB7F52F6FB37" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
- Face of 
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD283A5F7B5FFEF4FB7F5655FB4A" box="[301,319,1179,1200]" count="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
protuberant, medial portion forming a broad cone that involves the oral margin (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A5F7B5FFBE1FB7E53AEFB4A" box="[1080,1220,1178,1200]" captionStart="FIGURES 168–171" captionStartId="74.[151,264,1328,1352]" captionTargetBox="[170,1435,206,1304]" captionTargetId="figure-30@74.[151,1435,181,1304]" captionTargetPageId="74" captionText="FIGURES 168–171. Head of Scatophila conifera Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 168. Male, latero-oblique view. 169. Male, lateral view. 170. Female, latero-oblique view. 171. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210901" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210901/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figs. 168–169</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A5F7B5FFB15FB7E524EFB55" box="[1228,1316,1178,1199]" captionStart="FIGURES 208–211" captionStartId="87.[151,264,1395,1419]" captionTargetBox="[171,1435,181,1371]" captionTargetId="figure-27@87.[151,1435,181,1371]" captionTargetPageId="87" captionText="FIGURES 208–211. Head of Scatophila mystacina sp. nov. 208. Male, latero-oblique view. 209. Male, lateral view. 210. Female, latero-oblique view. 211. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210941" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210941/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">208–209</figureCitation>
), broad cone surrounded by clustered setae except at margin; wing spots rather indistinct (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A5F7B5FFC1BFB535375FB37" box="[962,1055,1207,1229]" captionStart="FIGURES 156–158" captionStartId="68.[151,264,1913,1937]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,1130,1889]" captionTargetId="figure-70@68.[151,1435,1130,1890]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="FIGURES 156–158. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 156 Scatophila bipiliaris Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, head and thorax, dorsal view. 157–158. Wing, dorsal view. 157. S. conifera Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 158. S. cribrata (Stenhammar). Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210887" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210887/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figs. 157</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13432A243A5F7B5FFBF0FB5C5324FB37" box="[1065,1102,1208,1229]" captionStart="FIGURES 202–204" captionStartId="85.[151,264,1848,1872]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,1094,1825]" captionTargetId="figure-325@85.[151,1435,1094,1825]" captionTargetPageId="85" captionText="FIGURES 202–204. Head, thorax, and wing of Scatophila. 202. S. hirsuta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, head and thorax, dorsal view. 203. S. mystacina sp. nov. male, wing, dorsal view. 204 S. picta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, wing, dorsal view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210935" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210935/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">203</figureCitation>
)......................... 25
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="308C2E043A5F7B5FFF4EFB3152F6FA87" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A5F7B5FFF4EFB3152F6FADF" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,1405]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<keyLead id="308995943A5F7B5FFF4EFB3152F6FADF" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
25. Facial protuberance of 
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD283A5F7B5FFE16FB31568BFB10" box="[463,481,1237,1258]" count="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
pronounced (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A5F7B5FFDA9FB315590FB10" box="[624,762,1237,1259]" captionStart="FIGURES 208–211" captionStartId="87.[151,264,1395,1419]" captionTargetBox="[171,1435,181,1371]" captionTargetId="figure-27@87.[151,1435,181,1371]" captionTargetPageId="87" captionText="FIGURES 208–211. Head of Scatophila mystacina sp. nov. 208. Male, latero-oblique view. 209. Male, lateral view. 210. Female, latero-oblique view. 211. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210941" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210941/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 208–209</figureCitation>
), bearing numerous prominent curved black setulae, postgonite in ventral view (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A5F7B5FFEBEFB1656D3FAF2" box="[359,441,1266,1288]" captionStart="FIGURES 205–207" captionStartId="86.[151,264,1013,1037]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,981]" captionTargetId="figure-30@86.[151,1435,181,989]" captionTargetPageId="86" captionText="FIGURES 205–207. Male terminalia of Scatophila mystacina sp. nov. 205. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 206. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 207. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210939" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210939/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 206</figureCitation>
) with basal margin excavated, very broadly V-shaped; phallapodeme in ventral with crossbar shallowly concave............................................................................. 
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A5F7B5FFB09FAF45223FADF" authorityName="Zatwarnicki &amp; Mathis USNM" authorityYear="2024" box="[1232,1353,1296,1317]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mystacina" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A5F7B5FFB09FAF45223FADF" box="[1232,1353,1296,1317]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">S. mystacina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A5F7B5FFA89FAF452F6FADF" bold="true" box="[1360,1436,1296,1317]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23F57C83A5F7B5FFA89FAF452F6FADF" box="[1360,1436,1296,1317]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A5F7B5FFF4EFAC952F6FA87" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,1405]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<keyLead id="308995943A5F7B5FFF4EFAC952F6FA87" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A5F7B5FFF4EFAC957F5FAB8" bold="true" box="[151,159,1325,1346]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">-</emphasis>
Facial protuberance of 
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD283A5F7B5FFE1DFAC956BCFAB8" box="[452,470,1325,1346]" count="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
and setulae on each side of protuberance smaller (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A5F7B5FFC1EFAC9533CFAB9" box="[967,1110,1325,1347]" captionStart="FIGURES 168–171" captionStartId="74.[151,264,1328,1352]" captionTargetBox="[170,1435,206,1304]" captionTargetId="figure-30@74.[151,1435,181,1304]" captionTargetPageId="74" captionText="FIGURES 168–171. Head of Scatophila conifera Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 168. Male, latero-oblique view. 169. Male, lateral view. 170. Female, latero-oblique view. 171. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210901" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210901/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figs. 168–169</figureCitation>
). Postgonite in ventral view (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A5F7B5FFAACFAC9566DFAA5" captionStart="FIGURES 172–174" captionStartId="75.[151,264,1078,1102]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,1047]" captionTargetId="figure-27@75.[151,1435,181,1055]" captionTargetPageId="75" captionText="FIGURES 172–174. Male terminalia of Scatophila conifera Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 172. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 173. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 174. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210903" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210903/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 173</figureCitation>
) with basal margin sloped toward apex, not excavated; phallapodeme in ventral with crossbar nearly straight, not concave........................................................................ 
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A5F7B5FFB95FA8C52F6FA87" authority="Sturtevant and Wheeler" authorityName="Sturtevant and Wheeler" box="[1100,1436,1383,1405]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="conifera">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A5F7B5FFB95FA8C53DEFA87" box="[1100,1204,1384,1405]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">S. conifera</emphasis>
Sturtevant and Wheeler
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>