212 lines
22 KiB
XML
212 lines
22 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="8725EE52AE51126F2685B64B442BA1CD">Rearranging specimens on herbarium type sheets of Streptocarpus betsiliensis Humbert (Gesneriaceae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="0CFD60D4BEEF2667D8293F3982DA63F9">Möller, Michael</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="9DC297A70A53F86A54F7DFB668CA5907">Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, 20 A Inverleith Row, Edinburgh EH 3 5 LR, Scotland, U. K.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="262B9432FE9E1768847543E9DA22D977" type="email">m.moeller@rbge.ac.uk</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="CC3EEFEEB81D390D560F1E30A05C4283">Nishii, Kanae</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="19B246A2D216C2ED2BC0F9C3D439C06D">Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, 20 A Inverleith Row, Edinburgh EH 3 5 LR, Scotland, U. K. & Tokyo Gakugei University, 4 - 1 - 1 Nukuikitamachi, Koganei, Tokyo 184 - 8501, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="D717CD1EC0479D5F12A9A5B826B84C2B">Callmander, Martin W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="B0AE237E02219BB7F55D6AE2A3E666C5">Missouri Botanical Garden, P. O. Box 299, St. Louis, MO, 63166 - 0299, U. S. A. & Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève, C. P. 60, 1292 Chambésy, Switzerland</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="84AFEE6B3C394610FD95056014DE6AB0">Phillipson, Peter B.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="11565280199C438F994CCA55E8165B53">Missouri Botanical Garden, P. O. Box 299, St. Louis, MO, 63166 - 0299, U. S. A. & Institut de Systématique, Évolution et Biodiversité (UMR 7205 – CNRS MNHN UPMC EPHE), Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, rue Cuvier 57, C. P. 39, 75231 Paris CEDEX 05, France</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="FE6B0A6475200534B76BE4DFE02B38ED">Poncy, Odile</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="E9D151B87042313DEFBAE94E34EDD505">Institut de Systématique, Évolution et Biodiversité (UMR 7205 – CNRS MNHN UPMC EPHE), Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, rue Cuvier 57, C. P. 39, 75231 Paris CEDEX 05, France</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="F05C481F5A15EC537A2583D8866B1A8A">Candollea</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="D9C8ED53A5129EC3A1527EB2C023C737">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="5EC5A3843E8BED19F45852A2F3F7ACE5">2015-06-30</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03CF68187317696DFF64FD1B45B31D88" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6300558" ID-GBIF-Taxon="193243296" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6300558" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CF68187317696DFF64FD1B45B31D88" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CF68187317696DFF64FD1B45B31D88" lastPageNumber="149" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">
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<taxonomicName id="4C66A28D7317696DFF64FD1B47ED1DE8" ID-CoL="6ZY8R" authority="Humbert" authorityName=", HUMBERT" authorityYear="1967" box="[132,496,658,682]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Streptocarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="149" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="betsiliensis">
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<emphasis id="B912051C7317696DFF64FD1B479A1DE8" bold="true" box="[132,391,658,682]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">Streptocarpus betsiliensis</emphasis>
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Humbert
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</taxonomicName>
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in
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<bibCitation id="5E4CD1627317696DFDF1FD1B46A01D88" journal="Adansonia" page="289" pageId="4" pageNumber="149" score="9.729594737742866" volume="7" year="1967">Adansonia ser. 2, 7: 289. 1967</bibCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37C8A857317696DFF49FD5F44E11C49" pageId="4" pageNumber="149" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BD9D90E7317696DFF49FD5F44E11C49" blockId="4.[132,783,658,779]" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB76FE207317696DFF49FD5F44E11C49" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">
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<emphasis id="B912051C7317696DFF49FD5F46A51DA8" box="[169,184,726,746]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">≡</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C66A28D7317696DFF2FFD5B44F81DA8" ID-CoL="5ZNJK" authority="(Humbert) B. L. Burtt" authorityName="B. L. Burtt" baseAuthorityName="Humbert" box="[207,741,722,746]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Colpogyne" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="149" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="betsiliensis">
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<emphasis id="B912051C7317696DFF2FFD5B47A51DA8" box="[207,440,722,746]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">Colpogyne betsiliensis</emphasis>
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(Humbert) B. L. Burtt
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</taxonomicName>
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in
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF7A4FF7317696DFF2FFD7B44E41C49" author="HUMBERT, H." box="[207,761,754,779]" editor="LEROY, J. - F." journalOrPublisher="Madagascar Comores" pageId="4" pageNumber="149" pagination="180" refId="ref2960" refString="HUMBERT, H. (1971). Gesneriacees. In: LEROY, J. - F. (ed.), Fl. Madagascar Comores 180." title="Gesneriacees" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Fl" year="1971">
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Humbert, Fl.
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<treatmentCitation id="0AC7FF1F7317696DFE84FD7B44E41C49" author="Humbert" box="[356,761,754,779]" journal="Madagascar Comores" page="148" pageId="4" pageNumber="149" score="0.0021557294544469786" volume="180" year="1971">
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<bibCitation id="5E4CD1627317696DFE84FD7B44E41C49" box="[356,761,754,779]" journal="Madagascar Comores" page="148" pageId="4" pageNumber="149" score="0.0021557294544469786" volume="180" year="1971">
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<collectingCountry id="F371999E7317696DFE84FD7B44501C49" box="[356,589,754,779]" name="Madagascar Comores" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">Madagascar Comores</collectingCountry>
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180: 148. 1971
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</bibCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C37C8A857317696DFF49FC9444221C37" pageId="4" pageNumber="149" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BD9D90E7317696DFF49FC9444221C37" blockId="4.[169,781,797,885]" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">
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<materialsCitation id="3B0ED3537317696DFF49FC94475B1C37" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3461737301" collectionCode="P" collectorName="R. Prov. & Perrier de la Bathie" country="Madagascar" location="Mt Analamamy" pageId="4" pageNumber="149" specimenCode="P00088746" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Fianarantsoa" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis id="B912051C7317696DFF49FC9444C11C77" bold="true" box="[169,732,797,821]" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">
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Typus:
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<collectingCountry id="F371999E7317696DFEEDFC9447DC1C76" box="[269,449,797,821]" name="Madagascar" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">MADAGASCAR</collectingCountry>
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. Prov.
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<collectingRegion id="49A217EC7317696DFDC4FC9444D21C77" box="[548,719,797,821]" country="Madagascar" name="Fianarantsoa" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">Fianarantsoa</collectingRegion>
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:
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</emphasis>
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<location id="8EB98FD57317696DFD08FC97472A1C17" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CF68187317696DFF64FD1B45B31D88:8EB98FD57317696DFD08FC97472A1C17" country="Madagascar" name="Mt Analamamy" pageId="4" pageNumber="149" stateProvince="Fianarantsoa">Mt Analamamy</location>
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,
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<emphasis id="B912051C7317696DFEA7FCB7448C1C17" box="[327,657,829,853]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">
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<location id="8EB98FD57317696DFEA7FCB744311C17" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CF68187317696DFF64FD1B45B31D88:8EB98FD57317696DFEA7FCB744311C17" box="[327,556,829,853]" country="Madagascar" name="Perrier de la Bathie" pageId="4" pageNumber="149" stateProvince="Fianarantsoa">Perrier de la Bâthie</location>
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12482A
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</emphasis>
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(
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<typeStatus id="54DD67AC7317696DFD45FCB444F51C17" box="[677,744,829,853]" pageId="4" pageNumber="149" type="holotype">holo-</typeStatus>
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:
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<collectionCode id="ED7741CB7317696DFD1DFCB745111C17" box="[765,780,830,853]" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">P</collectionCode>
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[
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<specimenCode id="DBC071757317696DFF4FFCD4472C1C37" box="[175,305,861,885]" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">P00088746</specimenCode>
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]!;
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</materialsCitation>
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<materialsCitation id="3B0ED3537317696DFEADFCD444271C37" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3461737302" box="[333,570,861,885]" collectionCode="P" collectorName="R. Prov. & Perrier de la Bathie" country="Madagascar" location="Mt Analamamy" pageId="4" pageNumber="149" specimenCode="P00088748" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Fianarantsoa" typeStatus="isotype">iso-: P [P00088748]!)</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37C8A857317696DFF49FC1B450D1AA8" pageId="4" pageNumber="149" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="8BD9D90E7317696DFF49FC1B450D1BA8" blockId="4.[132,784,914,1514]" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">
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<emphasis id="B912051C7317696DFF49FC1B47DE1CE8" box="[169,451,914,938]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">Distribution and ecology</emphasis>
|
||
. –
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C66A28D7317696DFE0DFC1A451A1CE8" authorityName=", HUMBERT" authorityYear="1967" box="[493,775,914,938]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Streptocarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="149" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="betsiliensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B912051C7317696DFE0DFC1A451A1CE8" box="[493,775,914,938]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">Streptocarpus betsiliensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C66A28D7317696DFF64FC3A46E71C88" box="[132,250,946,970]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Streptocarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="149" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ibityensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B912051C7317696DFF64FC3A46E71C88" box="[132,250,946,970]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">S. ibityensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
and
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C66A28D7317696DFECFFC3A478E1C88" box="[303,403,946,970]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Streptocarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="149" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lanatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B912051C7317696DFECFFC3A478E1C88" box="[303,403,946,970]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">S. lanatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
form an intriguing triplet, not only because of their taxonomic history, but of their morphology, and distribution. Geographically
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C66A28D7317696DFE3DFC7A44221B48" box="[477,575,1010,1034]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Streptocarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="149" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lanatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B912051C7317696DFE3DFC7A44221B48" box="[477,575,1010,1034]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">S. lanatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occurs in very close sympatry with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C66A28D7317696DFEFFFB9A47831B68" authorityName=", HUMBERT" authorityYear="1967" box="[287,414,1042,1066]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Streptocarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="149" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="betsiliensis">
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||
<emphasis id="B912051C7317696DFEFFFB9A47831B68" box="[287,414,1042,1066]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">S. betsiliensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
on Mt. Itremo, and both are absent from Mt. Ibity, where
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C66A28D7317696DFE8EFBBA47FE1B08" box="[366,483,1074,1098]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Streptocarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="149" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ibityensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B912051C7317696DFE8EFBBA47FE1B08" box="[366,483,1074,1098]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">S. ibityensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occurs. This is very interesting to note, because
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C66A28D7317696DFE82FBDA44791B28" authority="B. L. Burtt" authorityName="B. L. Burtt" box="[354,612,1107,1130]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Streptocarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="149" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="itremensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B912051C7317696DFE82FBDA47F91B28" box="[354,484,1107,1130]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">S. itremensis</emphasis>
|
||
B. L. Burtt
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a close relative of the three species mentioned above, occurs in both places. Whether
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C66A28D7317696DFF0EFB1A47681BE8" authorityName=", HUMBERT" authorityYear="1967" box="[238,373,1170,1194]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Streptocarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="149" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="betsiliensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B912051C7317696DFF0EFB1A47681BE8" box="[238,373,1170,1194]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">S. betsiliensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is absent on Mt. Ibity, or overlooked, would be interesting to study further, as the area between the two mountains ranges has not been explored extensively so far.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD9D90E7317696DFF49FB7A450D1AA8" blockId="4.[132,784,914,1514]" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">
|
||
In their natural environments plants of the triplet often occupy spaces under rocks or in deep crevices in very dark environments. Occupying these marginal ecological niches may have been enabled by the ability to enlarge one of their cotyledons from a basal meristem (a characteristic which is recorded for other species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C66A28D7317696DFE52FA1A44D01AE9" authority=": BURTT, 1970" authorityName="BURTT" authorityYear="1970" box="[434,717,1427,1451]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Streptocarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="149" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B912051C7317696DFE52FA1A44221AE8" box="[434,575,1427,1450]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">Streptocarpus:</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF7A4FF7317696DFDA4FA1A44D01AE9" author="BURTT" box="[580,717,1427,1451]" firstAuthor="BURTT" pageId="4" pageNumber="149" pagination="1 - 10" refId="ref2747" refString="BURTT, B. L. (1970). Studies in the Gesneriaceae of the Old World XXXI. Some aspects of functional evolution. Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 30: 1 - 10." type="journal article" year="1970">BURTT, 1970</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF7A4FF7317696DFD39FA1A47341A88" author="JONG & BURTT" firstAuthor="JONG" journalOrPublisher="New Phytol." pageId="4" pageNumber="149" pagination="297 - 311" part="75" refId="ref3020" refString="JONG, K. & B. L. BURTT (1975). The evolution of morphological novelty exemplified in the growth patterns of some Gesneriaceae. New Phytol. 75: 297 - 311." title="The evolution of morphological novelty exemplified in the growth patterns of some Gesneriaceae" type="journal article" year="1975">JONG & BURTT, 1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), which are raised into the path of better light, probably to maximize light capture in these marginal habitats.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37C8A857317696DFCB9FE9A45B31D88" pageId="4" pageNumber="149" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD9D90E7317696DFCB9FE9A45B31D88" blockId="4.[819,1470,274,714]" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">
|
||
<emphasis id="B912051C7317696DFCB9FE9A42311E68" box="[857,1068,275,298]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">Conservation Status</emphasis>
|
||
. –
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C66A28D7317696DFBAFFE9A43531E68" authorityName=", HUMBERT" authorityYear="1967" box="[1103,1358,274,298]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Streptocarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="149" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="betsiliensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B912051C7317696DFBAFFE9A43531E68" box="[1103,1358,274,298]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">Streptocarpus betsiliensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occurs on the Itremo massif with countless individuals present under many rocks and in crevices (MM, pers. obs.). The species is restricted to the Itremo massif and has an “Extent of Occurrence” (EOO) of
|
||
<quantity id="4C9E74EB7317696DFC0DFE1B424E1EE8" box="[1005,1107,402,426]" metricMagnitude="6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" pageId="4" pageNumber="149" unit="km" value="1150.0">1,150 km</quantity>
|
||
2, an “Area of Occupancy” (AOO) of
|
||
<quantity id="4C9E74EB7317696DFCAFFE3B458F1E88" box="[847,914,434,458]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.3" pageId="4" pageNumber="149" unit="km" value="63.0">63 km</quantity>
|
||
2 and with seven known sub-populations (four occurring in the proposed Protected Area of Itremo) (calculated following
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF7A4FF7317696DFC43FE7A42DD1D49" author="CALLMANDER" box="[931,1216,498,523]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="CALLMANDER" pageId="4" pageNumber="149" pagination="168 - 176" refId="ref2787" refString="CALLMANDER, M. W., G. E. SCHATZ, P. P. LOWRY II, M. O. LAIVAO, J. RAHARIMAMPIONONA, S. ANDRIAMBOLOLONERA, T. RAMINO- SOA & T. K. CONSIGLIO (2007). Identification of priority areas for plant conservation in Madagascar using IUCN Red List criteria: rare and threatened Pandanaceae indicate sites in need of protection. Oryx 41: 168 - 176." type="journal article" year="2007">CALLMANDER et al., 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C66A28D7317696DFB33FE7A43461D48" authorityName=", HUMBERT" authorityYear="1967" box="[1235,1371,498,522]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Streptocarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="149" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="betsiliensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B912051C7317696DFB33FE7A43461D48" box="[1235,1371,498,522]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">S. betsiliensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is provisionally assessed as “Vulnerable” [VU B1ab(i, iii)+ B2ab(i, iii)] following IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF7A4FF7317696DFA8FFDBA45761D29" author="IUCN" firstAuthor="IUCN" pageId="4" pageNumber="149" refId="ref2990" refString="IUCN (2012). IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3. 1. 2 nd edition. IUCN Species Survival Commission, Gland & Cambridge." type="book" year="2012">IUCN, 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) given the restricted range of the species and the current temporary protection of the Itremo massif, but the threat to the species will certainly increase if the temporary protection is removed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |