plazi/treatments-xml
2
0
Fork 0
Code Issues Pull requests Releases Activity
treatments-xml/data/03/B7/67/03B76753FFB9FFE977F9FD61FA2EFD63.xml
maintenance bc2564723d added 03
2024-06-21 12:22:17 +02:00

258 lines
28 KiB
XML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<document id="1D26DE3ED71E3D1325781FCE3ED0108C" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4088.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="4019c4cc-9ef3-402e-888b-f258264b3617" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="261854" ID-ZooBank="7F80636F-C96A-40B8-9DC6-BD341EF0D5AE" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1457455295274" checkinUser="donat" docAuthor="Rigato, Fabrizio" docDate="2016" docId="03B76753FFB9FFE977F9FD61FA2EFD63" docLanguage="en" docName="15546-5076-1-PB.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4088 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Polyrhachis cubaensis Mayr" docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="14" masterDocId="FF8E1F2BFFB5FFE4776EFFEEFFBFFFCB" masterDocTitle="The ant genus Polyrhachis F. Smith in sub-Saharan Africa, with descriptions of ten new species. (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)" pageNumber="13" updateTime="1698174368081" updateUser="plazi">
<mods:mods id="87C6FFA386C03ACB5C3743C8D8B28896" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="4F73D2B0954B03B7187D3A7E5493FF70">
<mods:title id="06D4610CA1A13739768DAC4824FA3FD5">The ant genus Polyrhachis F. Smith in sub-Saharan Africa, with descriptions of ten new species. (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="3B6E688A370A10CD28086FDD6E75BAEB" type="personal">
<mods:role id="AF9D05AAC475DDBA4A59EE2AA70FA4CD">
<mods:roleTerm id="18BE34D28502F35435C110BA7D057C6B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="FCB85DF748AA4DDC19E53784D63864D8">Rigato, Fabrizio</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="B76822AA5AFF3E363DE7BB1FBCFA9864">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="85ACF2BBBD5D52F4A37750CA3A1F2830" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="B0FA7FD9890EF7879D6A3DC16F862D17">
<mods:title id="9BC904F795291A88A3B2A7BEC1788907">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="7C477A536B458A644FD878B780925A43">
<mods:date id="080A3B562D2E9DE7F6493C26511C4C0B">2016</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="30C157CD4D492C72C21B14727FF702BA" type="volume">
<mods:number id="571BC618E24DCFD3921167489098FB4B">4088</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="065DF04EEE7EE806171227F892A458D6" type="issue">
<mods:number id="6065A28B2994DF61DD57B72639314480">1</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="DF0E34C7BBF1BBEDFAF6276640BDB6D6">journal volume</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="F537E705E0E120F0179C56866C5BBBB7" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4088.1.1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="66DACAAE94F481DF629AB3B345AD841A" type="GBIF-Dataset">4019c4cc-9ef3-402e-888b-f258264b3617</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="E4FF40624CBB6E4ED595BAB0D6A5E369" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="9776059F2F6F8C8AD37A24BCC72A2848" type="Zenodo-Dep">261854</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="C3970A0278570EF5CC899001A4169AE9" type="ZooBank">7F80636F-C96A-40B8-9DC6-BD341EF0D5AE</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03B76753FFB9FFE977F9FD61FA2EFD63" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6073022" ID-GBIF-Taxon="125783338" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6073022" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B76753FFB9FFE977F9FD61FA2EFD63" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B76753FFB9FFE977F9FD61FA2EFD63" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<subSubSection id="C30485CEFFB9FFE877F9FD61FEFEFCE1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BA1D645FFB9FFE877F9FD61FE4CFD61" blockId="12.[151,499,655,682]" box="[151,499,655,682]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<heading id="D0E96129FFB9FFE877F9FD61FE4CFD61" bold="true" box="[151,499,655,682]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FFB9FFE877F9FD61FE4CFD61" ID-CoL="4LL2F" authority="Mayr" authorityName="Mayr" box="[151,499,655,682]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cubaensis">
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFB9FFE877F9FD61FE4CFD61" bold="true" box="[151,499,655,682]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFB9FFE877F9FD61FE19FD62" bold="true" box="[151,422,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Polyrhachis cubaensis</emphasis>
Mayr
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA1D645FFB9FFE877F9FD38FEFEFCE1" blockId="12.[151,1436,726,810]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FFB9FFE877F9FD38FD8BFD27" authority="Mayr, 1862: 687" authorityName="Mayr" authorityPageNumber="687" authorityYear="1862" box="[151,564,726,748]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cubaensis">
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFB9FFE877F9FD38FEC2FD27" box="[151,381,726,748]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Polyrhachis cubaensis</emphasis>
Mayr, 1862: 687
</taxonomicName>
. Holotype gyne [not worker as reported in Bolton, 1973], originally labeled CUBA, 1843; then corrected into SOUTH AFRICA, Port Natal [currently Durban] (see Mayr, 1893: 195, footnote) (NHMW) [examined].
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30485CEFFB9FFE977F9FCB8FA2EFD63" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BA1D645FFB9FFE877F9FCB8FBC1FC7C" blockId="12.[151,1437,854,2031]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFB9FFE877F9FCB8FE84FCA5" box="[151,315,854,879]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Holotype gyne</emphasis>
. HL 1.45, HW 1.24, CI 86, SL 1.40, SI 113, FW 0.47, FI 38, ScW 1.15*, MnL 1.60*, ML 2.34*, HTL 1.47. (*These measurements are imprecise because the specimen was pinned through the mesosoma; the mesoscutum is slightly misplaced and is missing most of its right and posterior portions.)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA1D645FFB9FFE877A9FC2CFA2FFB31" blockId="12.[151,1437,854,2031]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Clypeus medially faintly carinate and with its anterior margin moderately and evenly arched. Head in full face view oval, wider behind than in front, posterior margin wide, moderately and evenly convex without posterior corners; sides in front of the eyes anteriorly converging and feebly convex. Eyes relatively large and convex. Ocelli small. Pronotum laterally weakly marginate. Pronotal teeth anteriorly diverging, stout and blunt, their tips weakly upturned. Propodeal dorsum feebly marginate laterally, strongly arched in profile and weakly convex transversely, about twice as wide as long. Propodeal teeth minute and upturned. Propodeal dorsum and declivity divided by a sudden change of slope, no ridge occurs between them. Petiole with two pairs of spines, the mid pair looks stouter and slightly shorter than the lateral one; the mid pair a little more distant from one another than mid and lateral spine of the same side. All petiolar spines weakly backward tilted. First gastral tergite anteriorly slightly concave.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA1D645FFB9FFE877A9FAE8FDA7FA40" blockId="12.[151,1437,854,2031]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Mandibles shagreened and with sparse piligerous pits. Body mostly subopaque with a slightly shining gaster. Body and appendages finely reticulate-punctate, with no trace of rugosity. Clypeus, pronotal dorsum, mesonotum, mesanepisternum, propodeal dorsum and declivity, posterior petiolar surface and gaster mostly appearing more superficially and tidily sculptured.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA1D645FFB9FFE877A9FA78FDF6F9D0" blockId="12.[151,1437,854,2031]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Standing hairs mostly wanting, occurring only at the gastral apex, on gastral sternites I-IV, at the anterior clypeal margin and mandibular apex. Pubescence very short, inconspicuous on most of the body and moderately dense on gaster and appendages, but never hiding the sculpturation; on the gaster the distance between two adjacent elements is about equal to their length.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA1D645FFB9FFE877A9F9C8FA91F9A8" blockId="12.[151,1437,854,2031]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Colour mainly black, legs mostly brown with proximally darker tibiae, tarsi and coxae. Antennae piceous, except their dark brown funicular apices; mandibles apically ferrugineous. Wings moderately infuscated.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA1D645FFB9FFE877A9F980FC6AF8F0" blockId="12.[151,1437,854,2031]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFB9FFE877A9F980FEFBF94C" bold="true" box="[199,324,1646,1671]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Comment.</emphasis>
While examining a doubtfully identified
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FFB9FFE8744FF981FC13F94C" box="[801,940,1646,1671]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cubaensis">
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFB9FFE8744FF981FC13F94C" box="[801,940,1646,1671]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">P. cubaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
specimen I realized that Bolton (1973) did not see any of the types belonging either to
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FFB9FFE875E0F97CFD43F960" box="[654,764,1682,1707]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cubaensis">
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFB9FFE875E0F97CFD43F960" box="[654,764,1682,1707]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">cubaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or to its synonyms (i.e.
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FFB9FFE8737BF97DFA99F961" authority="Forel, P." authorityName="Forel, P." box="[1045,1318,1682,1707]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gerstaeckeri">
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFB9FFE8737BF97DFB02F960" box="[1045,1213,1682,1707]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">P. gerstaeckeri</emphasis>
Forel,
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFB9FFE8727EF97DFA99F961" box="[1296,1318,1683,1706]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">P.</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFB9FFE87243F97CFA24F960" box="[1325,1435,1682,1707]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">cubaensis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FFB9FFE877F9F959FE05F905" authority="Mayr" authorityName="Mayr" box="[151,442,1718,1743]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rank="variety" variety="striolatorugosa">
var.
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFB9FFE877A9F958FECBF904" box="[199,372,1718,1743]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">striolatorugosa</emphasis>
Mayr
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FFB9FFE8769BF959FDC0F904" box="[501,639,1718,1743]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cubaensis">
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFB9FFE8769BF959FDC0F904" box="[501,639,1718,1743]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">P. cubaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
subsp.
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FFB9FFE875BBF958FCD9F904" authority="Forel" authorityName="Forel" box="[725,870,1718,1743]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wilmsi">
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFB9FFE875BBF958FCA1F904" box="[725,798,1718,1743]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">wilmsi</emphasis>
Forel
</taxonomicName>
). As a consequence, he based his interpretation on the original, somewhat misleading, descriptions only. Bolton (1973) defined
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FFB9FFE87481F935FBC7F938" box="[1007,1144,1754,1779]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cubaensis">
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFB9FFE87481F935FBC7F938" box="[1007,1144,1754,1779]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">P. cubaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
on the basis of specimens he compared with Mayr’s description of
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FFB9FFE8750AF911FD50F8DC" box="[612,751,1790,1815]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cubaensis">
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFB9FFE8750AF911FD50F8DC" box="[612,751,1790,1815]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">P. cubaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FFB9FFE87599F911FB96F8DC" box="[759,1065,1790,1815]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rank="variety" variety="striolatorugosa">
var.
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFB9FFE87446F910FC6AF8DC" box="[808,981,1790,1815]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">striolatorugosa</emphasis>
(1893)
</taxonomicName>
, because the original description of
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FFB9FFE877DBF8CCFE9CF8F0" box="[181,291,1826,1851]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cubaensis">
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFB9FFE877DBF8CCFE9CF8F0" box="[181,291,1826,1851]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">cubaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was too short (in Mayr’s own words too) and mostly useless.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA1D645FFB9FFE977A9F8A8FBB1FED6" blockId="12.[151,1437,854,2031]" lastBlockId="13.[151,1436,151,680]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
Bolton (l.c.) thought the
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FFB9FFE8768DF8A9FDD1F894" box="[483,622,1862,1887]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cubaensis">
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFB9FFE8768DF8A9FDD1F894" box="[483,622,1862,1887]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">P. cubaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
holotype was a worker, yet it is actually a gyne (as one can infer from Mayr’s original description, which ends “Wings slightly brownish”, and from a comment in the description of
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FFB9FFE8721DF885FEFBF86C" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rank="variety" variety="striolatorugosa">
var.
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFB9FFE877F9F860FEFBF86C" box="[151,324,1934,1959]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">striolatorugosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). One of the main features Bolton (1973: 292, in key) reported for
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FFB9FFE8735CF860FB1FF86C" box="[1074,1184,1934,1959]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cubaensis">
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFB9FFE8735CF860FB1FF86C" box="[1074,1184,1934,1959]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">cubaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was the occurrence of a transverse ridge running between the spines which is raised medially into a tooth or tubercle. The holotype gyne lacks this ridge. Mayr (1893) described
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FFB9FFE87536F839FD5DF824" box="[600,738,2006,2031]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cubaensis">
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFB9FFE87536F839FD5DF824" box="[600,738,2006,2031]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">P. cubaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FFB9FFE87584F839FC77F824" box="[746,968,2006,2031]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rank="variety" variety="striolatorugosa">
var.
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFB9FFE87475F838FC77F824" box="[795,968,2006,2031]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">striolatorugosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as bearing a ridge between the propodeal teeth. Consequently, Mayr himself did not carefully compare his
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FFB8FFE974FDFF76FBCBFF7B" box="[915,1140,151,176]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" rank="variety" variety="striolatorugosa">
var.
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFB8FFE974A9FF79FBCBFF7B" box="[967,1140,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">striolatorugosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FFB8FFE973D2FF79FA95FF7B" box="[1212,1322,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" sensu="stricto" species="cubaensis">
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFB8FFE973D2FF79FA95FF7B" box="[1212,1322,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">cubaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A259B72CFFB8FFE9725BFF76FAD7FF64" box="[1333,1384,152,175]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" sensu="stricto">s.str.</taxonomicNameLabel>
and overlooked this very important difference, which is consistent in both female castes. The non-conspecificity between
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FFB8FFE97794FF31FED7FF33" box="[250,360,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cubaensis">
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFB8FFE97794FF31FED7FF33" box="[250,360,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">cubaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FFB8FFE97601FF0EFDF3FF33" box="[367,588,223,248]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" rank="variety" variety="striolatorugosa">
var.
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFB8FFE976F1FF31FDF3FF33" box="[415,588,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">striolatorugosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FFB8FFE975EEFF31FD51FF33" box="[640,750,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cubaensis">
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFB8FFE975EEFF31FD51FF33" box="[640,750,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">cubaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was therefore not hitherto ascertained. As a consequence, the current interpretation of
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FFB8FFE976C7FEEAFDA8FED6" box="[425,535,260,285]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cubaensis">
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFB8FFE976C7FEEAFDA8FED6" box="[425,535,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">cubaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
must be reviewed as well as its synonymies.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA1D645FFB8FFE977A9FEC9FD2DFDAB" blockId="13.[151,1436,151,680]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
Both
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FFB8FFE97668FEC6FE4DFE8B" authority="Forel" authorityName="Forel" box="[262,498,295,320]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gerstaeckeri">
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFB8FFE97668FEC6FE11FE8B" box="[262,430,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">P. gerstaeckeri</emphasis>
Forel
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FFB8FFE97542FEC6FD07FE8B" box="[556,696,295,320]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cubaensis">
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFB8FFE97542FEC6FD07FE8B" box="[556,696,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">P. cubaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
subsp.
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FFB8FFE9747FFEC9FC20FE8B" authority="Forel" authorityName="Forel" box="[785,927,295,320]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wilmsi">
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFB8FFE9747FFEC9FCE5FE8B" box="[785,858,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">wilmsi</emphasis>
Forel
</taxonomicName>
have a ridge between the propodeal dorsum and the declivity and cannot be conspecific with
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FFB8FFE975DBFEA3FC16FEAF" authority="Mayr. At" authorityName="Mayr. At" box="[693,937,332,357]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cubaensis">
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFB8FFE975DBFEA3FC81FEAE" box="[693,830,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">P. cubaensis</emphasis>
Mayr. At
</taxonomicName>
present, I cannot find either any synonym of
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FFB8FFE977F9FE9EFE9FFE43" box="[151,288,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cubaensis">
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFB8FFE977F9FE9EFE9FFE43" box="[151,288,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">P. cubaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or any worker seemingly conspecific with the type gyne.
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FFB8FFE974C6FE81FB1BFE43" box="[936,1188,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cubaensis">
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFB8FFE974C6FE81FB1BFE43" box="[936,1188,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Polyrhachis cubaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
apparently belongs in the
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FFB8FFE977ACFE7BFEAAFE67" box="[194,277,405,428]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="viscosa">
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFB8FFE977ACFE7BFEAAFE67" box="[194,277,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">viscosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-group, but an important feature of the species-group, the strength of the metanotal suture, cannot be inferred from gyne morphology. Among
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FFB8FFE97530FE56FD0EFE04" box="[606,689,440,463]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="viscosa">
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFB8FFE97530FE56FD0EFE04" box="[606,689,440,463]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">viscosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-group species,
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FFB8FFE9740EFE56FBFAFE1B" authority="Forel" authorityName="Forel" box="[864,1093,439,464]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="durbanensis">
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFB8FFE9740EFE56FBBBFE1B" box="[864,1028,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">P. durbanensis</emphasis>
Forel
</taxonomicName>
shares with
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FFB8FFE973BEFE59FA81FE1B" box="[1232,1342,439,464]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cubaensis">
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFB8FFE973BEFE59FA81FE1B" box="[1232,1342,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">cubaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the lack of a ridge between the propodeal teeth, but
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FFB8FFE975F6FE32FC9EFE3E" box="[664,801,476,501]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="durbanensis">
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFB8FFE975F6FE32FC9EFE3E" box="[664,801,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">durbanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is definitely larger and has longer appendages. The
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FFB8FFE972E9FE33FEBAFDD3" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cubaensis">
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFB8FFE972E9FE33FEBAFDD3" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">P. cubaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
gyne is superficially similar to the
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FFB8FFE975C4FE11FCA8FDD3" box="[682,791,511,536]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufipalpis">
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFB8FFE975C4FE11FCA8FDD3" box="[682,791,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">rufipalpis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
gyne, but
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FFB8FFE974F6FE11FBBAFDD3" box="[920,1029,511,536]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufipalpis">
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFB8FFE974F6FE11FBBAFDD3" box="[920,1029,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">rufipalpis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
bears long pubescence on most of mesosomal sides and has more slender appendages. Therefore,
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FFB8FFE97435FDCBFC5BFDF6" box="[859,996,548,573]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cubaensis">
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFB8FFE97435FDCBFC5BFDF6" box="[859,996,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">P. cubaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
remains known from the type only and its actual taxonomic position is still doubtful.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA1D645FFB8FFE977A9FD82FA2EFD63" blockId="13.[151,1436,151,680]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
The former
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FFB8FFE97636FD82FE79FD4E" box="[344,454,620,645]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cubaensis">
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFB8FFE97636FD82FE79FD4E" box="[344,454,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">cubaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
’ synonyms must be assigned to two distinct species:
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FFB8FFE97320FD83FAFEFD4E" authority="Forel" authorityName="Forel" box="[1102,1345,620,645]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gerstaeckeri">
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFB8FFE97320FD83FB46FD4E" box="[1102,1273,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">P. gerstaeckeri</emphasis>
Forel
</taxonomicName>
(senior synonym of
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FFB8FFE9764DFD7EFE13FD63" box="[291,428,655,680]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cubaensis">
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFB8FFE9764DFD7EFE13FD63" box="[291,428,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">P. cubaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FFB8FFE976DDFD7EFD69FD63" authority="Mayr" authorityName="Mayr" box="[435,726,655,680]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" rank="variety" variety="striolatorugosa">
var.
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFB8FFE9768AFD61FD2EFD63" box="[484,657,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">striolatorugosa</emphasis>
Mayr
</taxonomicName>
) and
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FFB8FFE9747AFD7EFBBCFD63" authority="Forel. They" authorityName="Forel. They" box="[788,1027,655,680]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wilmsi">
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFB8FFE9747AFD7EFCC7FD63" box="[788,888,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">P. wilmsi</emphasis>
Forel. They
</taxonomicName>
are discussed under their headings.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
Reference in a new issue View git blame Copy permalink