273 lines
31 KiB
XML
273 lines
31 KiB
XML
<document id="3CD58478FC7E1A55B675A5DDF0DF5229" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4088.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="4019c4cc-9ef3-402e-888b-f258264b3617" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="261854" ID-ZooBank="7F80636F-C96A-40B8-9DC6-BD341EF0D5AE" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1457455295274" checkinUser="donat" docAuthor="Rigato, Fabrizio" docDate="2016" docId="03B76753FFA0FFF377F9FCB9FDD7FA9D" docLanguage="en" docName="15546-5076-1-PB.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4088 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Polyrhachis gerstaeckeri Forel" docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="24" masterDocId="FF8E1F2BFFB5FFE4776EFFEEFFBFFFCB" masterDocTitle="The ant genus Polyrhachis F. Smith in sub-Saharan Africa, with descriptions of ten new species. (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)" pageNumber="22" updateTime="1698174368081" updateUser="plazi">
|
||
<mods:mods id="80C00F5A41B9E297584D495FE4D52C5B" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="61B88873F5AEE8318D7299C73E46CAF9">
|
||
<mods:title id="0D4ED3107FA1D8F07DCF8E4E336C8F95">The ant genus Polyrhachis F. Smith in sub-Saharan Africa, with descriptions of ten new species. (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="F1BAAD38FE22381FC7334F9762D55946" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="3F89181D8F395C0EFF8FD4B60A80AEFA">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="7A9D2DDF6BCB8BBB7FE3B4B0E7FDA701">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="AD8B9521E2A28F560070B221CCC108A6">Rigato, Fabrizio</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="777F9F048708DC9C4812E6BD6D171F07">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="3A2E409BD5D7E65DD1D79CD79355B684" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="228784F42B6CFC9DD529D52BAC41C866">
|
||
<mods:title id="A420C93023EE991F8E2F2F9394D06AA7">Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="449F105F66BBEA54FD356D60ACABB3FD">
|
||
<mods:date id="418901066D0DECEF953D0C82741D667C">2016</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="B046AA900B126AAB7B0A8ABB675D5D89" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="354505146211C2F90749B8815C59EDE6">4088</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="547A3A226951789B37AE2355636DA111" type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number id="AABB29866AEB1D769C1A07A50EAAF740">1</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:classification id="14AC4940A8AC5C0D16286A8B0EAA25B6">journal volume</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="E539F414DCB28C7A72C6F40046FE193B" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4088.1.1</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="D2D27668707778DA7E97E246D7BC5EE9" type="GBIF-Dataset">4019c4cc-9ef3-402e-888b-f258264b3617</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="2FF0AD6C1463B36DB75AF7B01CC6F7A9" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="5887D8AED92426F9259D94094EB78504" type="Zenodo-Dep">261854</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="FB7E52980B5F58233B51433044A6B028" type="ZooBank">7F80636F-C96A-40B8-9DC6-BD341EF0D5AE</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="03B76753FFA0FFF377F9FCB9FDD7FA9D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6073036" ID-GBIF-Taxon="125783361" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6073036" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B76753FFA0FFF377F9FCB9FDD7FA9D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B76753FFA0FFF377F9FCB9FDD7FA9D" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30485CEFFA0FFF177F9FCB9FE4EFBDB" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1D645FFA0FFF177F9FCB9FDB5FCB9" blockId="21.[151,522,855,915]" box="[151,522,855,882]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<heading id="D0E96129FFA0FFF177F9FCB9FDB5FCB9" bold="true" box="[151,522,855,882]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" reason="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FFA0FFF177F9FCB9FDB5FCB9" authority="Forel" authorityName="Forel" box="[151,522,855,882]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gerstaeckeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFA0FFF177F9FCB9FDB5FCB9" bold="true" box="[151,522,855,882]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFA0FFF177F9FCB9FE7EFCBA" bold="true" box="[151,449,855,881]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Polyrhachis gerstaeckeri</emphasis>
|
||
Forel
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1D645FFA0FFF177F9FC94FE86FC58" blockId="21.[151,522,855,915]" box="[151,313,890,915]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1325CAC0FFA0FFF177F1FC94FEB7FC58" box="[159,264,890,915]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1494,1515]" captionTargetBox="[373,1214,195,1471]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[373,1214,195,1471]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 6. Polyrhachis gerstaeckeri, worker (TANZANIA: Unguga Region, Jozani Forest Res. Zanzibar, 19 m, 6.26755 S 39.41111 E, 30. x – 4. xi. 2007, CEPF-TZ- 10.4 - F 25, ground water forest, hand collected (P. Hawkes, M. Bhoke, U. Richard) [AFRC: ANTWEB CASENT 0235679]): A, body profile; B, dorsum of mesosoma; C, head in full-face view. (Photos by Estella Ortega, provided by www. AntWeb. org)" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/261860/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Figures 6</figureCitation>
|
||
a–c)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1D645FFA0FFF177F9FC53FE4EFBDB" blockId="21.[151,1436,957,1040]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FFA0FFF177F9FC53FDFAFC18" authority="Forel, 1886: 197" authorityName="Forel" authorityPageNumber="197" authorityYear="1886" box="[151,581,957,979]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gerstaeckeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFA0FFF177F9FC53FE2BFC18" box="[151,404,957,979]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Polyrhachis gerstaeckeri</emphasis>
|
||
Forel, 1886: 197
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Holotype worker, TANZANIA: Zanzibar (
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFA0FFF17490FC50FB24FC18" box="[1022,1179,957,979]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">M. Hildebrandt</emphasis>
|
||
) (MNHU) [examined].
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FFA0FFF177F9FC32FEC0FC39" box="[151,383,988,1010]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cubaensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFA0FFF177F9FC32FEC0FC39" box="[151,383,988,1010]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Polyrhachis cubaensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FFA0FFF176E6FC33FCB0FC39" authority="Mayr, 1893: 195" authorityName="Mayr" authorityPageNumber="195" authorityYear="1893" box="[392,783,988,1010]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" rank="variety" variety="striolatorugosa">
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFA0FFF176D9FC32FDEBFC39" box="[439,596,988,1010]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">striolatorugosa</emphasis>
|
||
Mayr, 1893: 195
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Holotype worker, TANZANIA: Zanzibar (
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFA0FFF173B7FC33FADEFC39" box="[1241,1377,988,1010]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">F. Stuhlmann</emphasis>
|
||
) [not seen, not at NHMW].
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFA0FFF176C6FC15FE4EFBDB" bold="true" box="[424,497,1019,1040]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Syn. n.</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30485CEFFA0FFF177F9FBD9FC3BFB77" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1D645FFA0FFF177F9FBD9FC3BFB77" blockId="21.[151,1437,1079,2004]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFA0FFF177F9FBD9FEAEFB9B" bold="true" box="[151,273,1079,1104]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
A species in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FFA0FFF176B3FBD6FD90FB84" box="[477,559,1080,1103]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="viscosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFA0FFF176B3FBD6FD90FB84" box="[477,559,1080,1103]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">viscosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-group with this distinctive character combination: 1) propodeal dorsum and declivity separated by a thin, medially arched ridge; 2) petiole quadrispinose (the mid-pair of spines longer); 3) all mesosomal segments distinctly transverse in dorsal view; 4) sculpture finely reticulate-punctate with an ill-defined longitudinal rugulation on mesosomal dorsum and cephalic vertex.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30485CEFFA0FFF377A9FB29FDD7FA9D" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1D645FFA0FFF177A9FB29FDE1FACE" blockId="21.[151,1437,1079,2004]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFA0FFF177A9FB29FE3CFB2B" box="[199,387,1223,1248]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Holotype worker</emphasis>
|
||
. HL 1.60, HW 1.43, CI 89, SL 1.70, SI 119, FW 0.45, FI 31, PW 1.47, WL 2.08, HTL 1.72. (N.B.: gaster missing from the holotype)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1D645FFA0FFF177A9FAE1FF4CF95B" blockId="21.[151,1437,1079,2004]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Clypeus faintly carinate, its anterior margin evenly convex. Head in full face view oval, wider behind than in front; sides and posterior margin weakly convex. Eyes placed close to posterior corners and moderately protruding. Scapes moderately long. Mesosoma stout, in profile pronotum anteriorly and propodeum slightly convex, mesonotum almost flat. In dorsal view pronotum, mesonotum and propodeum distinctly wider than long. Pronotal teeth mostly anteriorly directed, well developed and strong. Pronotum and mesonotum transversely weakly convex, propodeum more arched. Mesosoma distinctly marginate along its sides, the marginations not forming flanges or lobes. Promesonotal and metanotal sutures distinct, but not impressed. Propodeal dorsum and declivity separated by a distinct margin, medially more raised and almost toothlike. Propodeal teeth small, upturned and blunt. Petiole with four spines: dorsal pair almost parallel, upward directed and moderately bent backward, distinctly longer than the lateral pair. In frontal (or posterior) view the space between the dorsal pair very weakly concave, almost straight.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1D645FFA0FFF177A9F972FB56F936" blockId="21.[151,1437,1079,2004]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Mandibles mostly finely shagreened. The whole body finely reticulate-punctate with superimposed fine and moderately developed rugulosity especially on cephalic and mesosomal dorsum. Head mostly reticulate-rugulose; mesosomal dorsum with longitudinal rugulosity. Propodeal declivity superficially finely reticulate.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1D645FFA0FFF177A9F8E9FE33F88F" blockId="21.[151,1437,1079,2004]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Standing hairs almost absent, except for those fringing the anterior clypeal margin. Pubescence on the body very short and sparse.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1D645FFA0FFF177A9F8A1FE5DF8A3" blockId="21.[151,1437,1079,2004]" box="[199,482,1871,1896]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Colour black throughout.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1D645FFA0FFF177A9F89AFF71F87B" blockId="21.[151,1437,1079,2004]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
A recently collected worker from Zanzibar (figs. 6a-c), the type locality of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FFA0FFF17359F89AFB7EF846" box="[1079,1217,1908,1933]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gerstaeckeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFA0FFF17359F89AFB7EF846" box="[1079,1217,1908,1933]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">gerstaeckeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, has the following data:
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1D645FFA0FFF177A9F853FB7BF81F" blockId="21.[151,1437,1079,2004]" box="[199,1220,1980,2004]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">HL 1.50, HW 1.38, CI 92, SL 1.66, SI 120, FW 0.42, FI 30, PW 1.37, WL 1.93, HTL 1.63.</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF6186CDFFA3FFF277F9FA38FD98F98C" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/261860/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" targetBox="[373,1214,195,1471]" targetPageId="22">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1D645FFA3FFF277F9FA38FD98F98C" blockId="22.[151,1436,1493,1607]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFA3FFF277F9FA38FEABFA20" bold="true" box="[151,276,1494,1515]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FFA3FFF27673FA3BFDA3FA20" box="[285,540,1493,1515]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gerstaeckeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFA3FFF27673FA3BFDA3FA20" box="[285,540,1493,1515]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Polyrhachis gerstaeckeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, worker (TANZANIA: Unguga Region, Jozani Forest Res. Zanzibar, 19 m, 6.26755 S 39.41111 E, 30.x–4.xi.2007, CEPF-TZ-10.4-F25, ground water forest, hand collected (
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFA3FFF27345FA1BFA2BF9C1" box="[1067,1428,1524,1546]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">P. Hawkes, M. Bhoke, U. Richard</emphasis>
|
||
) [AFRC: ANTWEB CASENT0235679]): A, body profile; B, dorsum of mesosoma; C, head in full-face view. (Photos by Estella Ortega, provided by www.AntWeb.org)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1D645FFA3FFF277A9F99EFD29F960" blockId="22.[151,1437,1646,2031]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
Very similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FFA3FFF2761BF980FE40F94C" box="[373,511,1646,1671]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gerstaeckeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFA3FFF2761BF980FE40F94C" box="[373,511,1646,1671]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">gerstaeckeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
holotype, except that the margin between propodeal dorsum and declivity is more evenly convex and less medially pronounced.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1D645FFA3FFF277A9F958FB3DF904" blockId="22.[151,1437,1646,2031]" box="[199,1154,1718,1743]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Also, it bears the following features, which cannot be seen in the gasterless holotype:</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1D645FFA3FFF277A9F934FB22F8F0" blockId="22.[151,1437,1646,2031]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">First gastral tergite finely reticulate-punctate and faintly shining, widely and slightly concave anteriorly. Scattered standing hairs occurring on gastral tergites IV-V and all sternites. Gastral pubescence very short, sparse and inconspicuous (distance between adjacent hairlets at least twice the pubescence length).</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1D645FFA3FFF277A9F8A8FE70F86C" blockId="22.[151,1437,1646,2031]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
Also, I assign to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FFA3FFF276EFF8A8FDB4F894" box="[385,523,1862,1887]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gerstaeckeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFA3FFF276EFF8A8FDB4F894" box="[385,523,1862,1887]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">gerstaeckeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
3 workers from coastal continental Tanzania and 1 from coastal Kenya: HL 1.45– 1.58, HW 1.31–1.47, CI 87–95, SL 1.60–1.76, SI 118–123, FW 0.38–0.43, FI 29–31, PW 1.15–1.36, WL 1.85– 2.08, HTL 1.52–1.72. (n=4)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1D645FFA3FFF377A9F85CFE18FF3C" blockId="22.[151,1437,1646,2031]" lastBlockId="23.[151,1436,151,717]" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFA3FFF277A9F85CFEFBF800" bold="true" box="[199,324,1970,1995]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Comment.</emphasis>
|
||
Bolton (1973) thought
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FFA3FFF27523F85DFC8AF800" authority="Forel" authorityName="Forel" box="[589,821,1970,1995]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gerstaeckeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFA3FFF27523F85DFD4DF800" box="[589,754,1970,1995]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">P. gerstaeckeri</emphasis>
|
||
Forel
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was a synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FFA3FFF27360F85DFB63F801" authority="Mayr" authorityName="Mayr" box="[1038,1244,1970,1995]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cubaensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFA3FFF27360F85DFB27F800" box="[1038,1176,1970,1995]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">P. cubaensis</emphasis>
|
||
Mayr
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see above); yet, for the reasons reported under
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FFA3FFF27684F838FDE7F824" box="[490,600,2006,2031]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cubaensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFA3FFF27684F838FDE7F824" box="[490,600,2006,2031]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">cubaensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and after the examination of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FFA3FFF274A0F838FBE7F824" box="[974,1112,2006,2031]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gerstaeckeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFA3FFF274A0F838FBE7F824" box="[974,1112,2006,2031]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">gerstaeckeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
type, I consider
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FFA3FFF2727FF838FA24F824" box="[1297,1435,2006,2031]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gerstaeckeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFA3FFF2727FF838FA24F824" box="[1297,1435,2006,2031]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">gerstaeckeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a distinct species and senior synonym of
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFA2FFF375F3FF79FCF5FF7B" box="[669,842,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">striolatorugosa</emphasis>
|
||
Mayr. Both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FFA2FFF3748CFF79FBD3FF7B" box="[994,1132,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gerstaeckeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFA2FFF3748CFF79FBD3FF7B" box="[994,1132,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">gerstaeckeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFA2FFF373C4FF79FAE8FF7B" box="[1194,1367,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">striolatorugosa</emphasis>
|
||
types come from Zanzibar and the original description of
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFA2FFF375B0FF52FC34FF1E" box="[734,907,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">striolatorugosa</emphasis>
|
||
(whose type has not been found) well matches the type of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FFA2FFF3767BFF31FE20FF33" box="[277,415,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gerstaeckeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFA2FFF3767BFF31FE20FF33" box="[277,415,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">gerstaeckeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1D645FFA2FFF377A9FEEBFA88FE66" blockId="23.[151,1436,151,717]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<bibRef id="52BE42B3FFA2FFF377A9FEEBFA88FE66" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="book chapter">
|
||
<author id="53A33EA0FFA2FFF377A9FEEBFEEDFED7" box="[199,338,261,284]" fns="I" npo="LF" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
However,
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFA2FFF37652FEEBFEEDFED7" box="[316,338,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">P.</emphasis>
|
||
</author>
|
||
<title id="F91A3D73FFA2FFF37634FEEAFAFEFED6" box="[346,1345,260,285]" jopScore="0.06489505" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
gerstaeckeri does not correspond to the description of
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFA2FFF374A3FEEBFBE6FED6" box="[973,1113,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">P. cubaensis</emphasis>
|
||
provided by Bolton
|
||
</title>
|
||
(
|
||
<year id="FFB69716FFA2FFF3723DFEEAFA30FED6" box="[1363,1423,260,285]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">1973</year>
|
||
).
|
||
<journalOrPublisher id="51DFDC89FFA2FFF377F9FEC9FB5CFE66" jopScore="0.2787485" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFA2FFF377F9FEC9FE0DFE8B" box="[151,434,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Polyrhachis gerstaeckeri</emphasis>
|
||
differs for its transverse propodeal dorsum, less developed median prominence of the propodeal ridge between the propodeal teeth (Bolton also reported propodeal spines instead of teeth for “
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFA2FFF377CDFE81FEAEFE43" box="[163,273,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">cubaensis</emphasis>
|
||
”), a weaker longitudinal rugosity, and absence of standing hairs from the dorsum of the body (some hairs are mentioned as occurring on head and gastral dorsum of the specimen described by Bolton
|
||
</journalOrPublisher>
|
||
,
|
||
<pagination id="B2D728B1FFA2FFF37380FE7AFA95FE66" box="[1262,1322,404,429]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="pagination">1973</pagination>
|
||
).
|
||
</bibRef>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1D645FFA2FFF377A9FE56FDA9FDF6" blockId="23.[151,1436,151,717]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
I examined the specimens Bolton used to describe
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FFA2FFF37592FE59FC12FE04" authority="Mayr" authorityName="Mayr" box="[764,941,439,464]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cubaensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFA2FFF37592FE59FCD5FE1B" box="[764,874,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">cubaensis</emphasis>
|
||
Mayr
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(whose type he did not see) and I think they correspond to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FFA2FFF3762EFE33FE71FE3E" box="[320,462,476,501]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cubaensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFA2FFF3762EFE33FE71FE3E" box="[320,462,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">P. cubaensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
subsp.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FFA2FFF37542FE32FD7CFE3E" authority="Forel." authorityName="Forel." box="[556,707,476,501]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wilmsi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFA2FFF37542FE32FDCAFE3E" box="[556,629,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">wilmsi</emphasis>
|
||
Forel.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Forel’s short description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FFA2FFF3737BFE32FBE1FE3E" box="[1045,1118,476,501]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wilmsi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFA2FFF3737BFE32FBE1FE3E" box="[1045,1118,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">wilmsi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
points out some important diagnostic features. Hence, I remove the subsp.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FFA2FFF375D5FE11FCBBFDD3" box="[699,772,511,536]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wilmsi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFA2FFF375D5FE11FCBBFDD3" box="[699,772,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">wilmsi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the synonymy with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FFA2FFF37340FE11FB23FDD3" box="[1070,1180,511,536]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cubaensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFA2FFF37340FE11FB23FDD3" box="[1070,1180,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">cubaensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and raise it to species rank (see
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFA2FFF3766AFDCAFECFFDF7" box="[260,368,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Comment</emphasis>
|
||
under
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FFA2FFF376D2FDCAFDBAFDF6" box="[444,517,548,573]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wilmsi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFA2FFF376D2FDCAFDBAFDF6" box="[444,517,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">wilmsi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1D645FFA2FFF377A9FDA9FE25FD63" blockId="23.[151,1436,151,717]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FFA2FFF377A9FDA9FE60FDAB" box="[199,479,583,608]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gerstaeckeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFA2FFF377A9FDA9FE60FDAB" box="[199,479,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Polyrhachis gerstaeckeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
shares several features with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FFA2FFF37448FDA6FC34FDAB" box="[806,907,583,608]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wilmsi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFA2FFF37448FDA6FC34FDAB" box="[806,907,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">P. wilmsi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but the latter has a better defined margination between the propodeal dorsum and the declivity, with a stronger median prominence, and a more conspicuous rugulation on the head.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1D645FFA2FFF377A9FD5AFB7EFD06" blockId="23.[151,1436,151,717]" box="[199,1217,692,717]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
The main differences between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FFA2FFF37571FD5BFD7AFD06" box="[543,709,692,717]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gerstaeckeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFA2FFF37571FD5BFD7AFD06" box="[543,709,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">P. gerstaeckeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FFA2FFF37592FD5BFCDFFD06" box="[764,864,692,717]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wilmsi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFA2FFF37592FD5BFCDFFD06" box="[764,864,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">P. wilmsi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be summarized as follows:
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1D645FFA2FFF377F1FD06FC5AFD35" blockId="23.[159,1423,744,1136]" box="[159,997,744,766]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFA2FFF377F1FD06FC5AFD35" box="[159,997,744,766]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FFA2FFF377F1FD06FE23FD35" box="[159,412,744,766]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gerstaeckeri">Polyrhachis gerstaeckeri</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FFA2FFF3744DFD06FC5AFD35" box="[803,997,744,766]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wilmsi">Polyrhachis wilmsi</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1D645FFA2FFF377F1FCFFFB3EFCEC" blockId="23.[159,1423,744,1136]" box="[159,1153,785,807]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Size smaller, HL ≤ 1.60, HW <1.50. Size larger, HL ≥ 1.70, HW> 1.50</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1D645FFA2FFF377F1FCD5FBBEFC9B" blockId="23.[159,1423,744,1136]" box="[159,1025,826,848]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Frons narrower, FI ca. 30 Frons wider, FI ca. 35</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1D645FFA2FFF377F1FC8BFBB3FC34" blockId="23.[159,1423,744,1136]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Frons and vertex devoid of standing hairs. Frons and vertex bearing a few pairs of standing hairs. Propodeal dorsum and declivity separated by a more or less Propodeal dorsum and declivity separated by a strongly arched ridge, medially at most hardly forming a toothlike arched ridge, medially forming a distinct toothlike prominence. Propodeal dorsum bearing upturned small teeth prominence. Propodeal dorsum bearing stout upturned spines at its posterior corners. at its posterior corners.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1D645FFA2FFF377F1FBFCFB03FBE3" blockId="23.[159,1423,744,1136]" box="[159,1212,1042,1064]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Propodeal dorsum about 1.5 times as wide as long Propodeal dorsum about as wide as long</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1D645FFA2FFF377F1FBD2FB55FBBB" blockId="23.[159,1423,744,1136]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Gastral pubescence more sparse. Each element is at least Gastral pubescence denser. Each element is at most about as about twice as distant as its own length from the closest one distant as its own length from the closest one</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1D645FFA2FFF377A9FB59FDD7FA9D" blockId="23.[151,1437,1207,1366]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFA2FFF377A9FB59FDF6FB1B" bold="true" box="[199,585,1207,1232]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Material examined. TANZANIA</emphasis>
|
||
: Unguga Region, Jozani Forest Res. Zanzibar, 19 m, 6.26755 S 39.41111 E, 30.x–4.xi.2007, CEPF-TZ-10.4-F25 ground water forest, hand collected (
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFA2FFF374BBFB34FAEEFB39" box="[981,1361,1241,1266]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">P. Hawkes, M. Bhoke, U. Richard</emphasis>
|
||
) (1 w, AFRC: AntWeb code CASENT0235679); Tanga, Maxamba, 29.v.1990, 72 A, on Citrus (
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFA2FFF373C9FB14FB62FAD8" box="[1191,1245,1274,1299]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Löhr</emphasis>
|
||
) (3 w, BMNH).
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFA2FFF377F9FAF2FF45FAFE" bold="true" box="[151,250,1308,1333]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">KENYA</emphasis>
|
||
: Coastal province, Arabuko Sokoke forest, 50 m ca., 39°55’45.1” E 3°19’16.1” S, vi.2009, hand coll. (
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FFA2FFF372E9FAF3FE0AFA9D" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">F. Hita Garcia & G. Fischer</emphasis>
|
||
) (1 w, HLMD).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |